JP6503878B2 - Ground anomaly precursor detection device and ground anomaly precursor monitoring system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a ground anomaly precursor detection device and a ground anomaly precursor monitoring system.

  A disaster monitoring device is known that has a sensor transmitter connected to a wire sensor or an extensometer, and a sensor receiver that wirelessly communicates with the sensor transmitter, and monitors disasters such as landslide, debris flow, and avalanche (for example, patent Reference 1). The disaster monitoring apparatus communicates information from a sensor transmitter to a sensor receiver via a wireless circuit by detecting information obtained by detecting a precursor of a disaster such as a debris flow such as a slope failure such as a mountain surface with a wire sensor or an extensometer. Disaster monitoring becomes possible without laying communication cables.

JP 2001-34874 A

  However, when using a wire sensor or the like as a detection device to detect the precursor phenomenon of ground anomaly phenomena such as debris flow, the ground anomaly phenomenon if the installation location of the detection equipment and the generation location of the precursor phenomenon of ground anomaly phenomena are different. May not be detected.

  In one embodiment, it is an object of the present invention to provide a ground anomaly precursor detection device capable of detecting the precursor phenomenon of the ground anomaly when the precursor of the ground anomaly occurs at a place different from the installation location.

In one aspect, the ground anomaly precursor detection device includes an odor sensor, a transmission unit, and a power supply unit. The odor sensor is disposed on the ground, detects the odor, the transmission unit transmits a signal indicating information related to the odor detected by the odor sensor, and the power supply voltage supply unit supplies the power supply voltage to the odor sensor and the transmission unit. The power supply voltage supply unit includes an environmental power generation device that converts non-electrical energy into electrical energy.

  In one embodiment, it is possible to provide a ground anomaly precursor detection device capable of detecting the precursor phenomenon of the ground anomaly when the precursor of the ground anomaly occurs in a place different from the installation location.

It is a circuit block diagram of the debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a circuit block diagram of the debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device concerning a 2nd embodiment. (A) is a figure which shows the arrangement | positioning state of the debris flow precursory phenomenon detection apparatus shown in FIG. 2, (b) is a circuit block diagram of a power supply voltage supply part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the debris flow precursor phenomenon monitoring system which concerns on embodiment. It is a block diagram of the debris flow precursor phenomenon monitoring apparatus shown in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the process of the monitoring process part shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of a judgment process of the debris flow precursor judgment part shown in FIG. It is a circuit block diagram of the debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device concerning a 3rd embodiment. FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a debris flow precursor monitoring device used when the debris flow precursor detection device shown in FIG. 8 is arranged. It is a flowchart which shows the process of the monitoring process part shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, a debris flow precursor detection device and a debris flow precursor monitoring system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to those embodiments.

(Outline of Debris Flow Precursor Detection Device According to Embodiment)
The debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device according to the embodiment determines the presence or absence of debris flow generation using the odor in the ground that indicates the precursor of debris flow generation. The odor spreads over a relatively wide area, so by using the soil odor to judge the occurrence of debris flow, the debris flow precursor phenomenon occurred at a place different from the installation place of the debris flow precursor detection device. Even in the case, the precursor of debris flow becomes detectable.

(On the precursory phenomena of debris flow and debris flow)
Debris flow is a phenomenon that can be mentioned as one of landslides and landslides along with landslides, and it is a phenomenon in which sediments in hillsides or valley bottoms are washed away rapidly by long rain or torrential rain. Table 1 shows the precursors of landslide disasters. Table 1 is about the way of utilization of precursor phenomenon information concerned with earth and sand disaster caution evacuation on March 31, 2006 of the precursor phenomenon information study meeting (Heisei 17) related to earth and sand disaster caution evacuation of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism It is quoted from the precursor phenomenon data-1).

  With regard to debris flow in landslide disasters, wire sensors and extensometers can detect slope failure phenomena near a mountain stream. Another detection device for detecting a slope collapse phenomenon is a position information detection sensor using a Global Positioning System (GPS). In addition, sensors based on vision, hearing and smell shown in Table 1 can be used to detect precursory phenomena of debris flow. The image sensor that uses vision detects that the slope near the mountain stream collapses, the phenomenon that the water of the river becomes abnormal, such as the water becomes movable, the trees start to mix with the turbid water, and sparks in the mountain stream can do. In addition, with a microphone sensor using hearing, with regard to debris flow, it is possible to detect the rumbling noise of a rumbling, rumbling and rolling stones. And the smell sensor using the sense of smell can detect the smell of rotten soil.

  However, when using a wire sensor and an extensometer, if the installation place of the wire sensor and the extensometer and the collapse place of the slope are different, the slope collapse may not be detected. For this reason, when detecting a slope failure with a wire sensor and an extensometer as a detection device, many detection devices are disposed in the mountain, which increases the cost and causes many artificial in the nature such as Yamanaka. It is not preferable from the point of view of environmental protection because it arranges things.

  Moreover, when using the position information detection sensor using GPS as a detection apparatus, many detection apparatuses are arrange | positioned in the mountain like the time of using a wire sensor and an extensometer. For example, when the error accuracy of GPS is 10 m and the danger point is a square area having a length of 50 m on one side, 36 detection devices are arranged in an array at each of vertical and horizontal, so 36 The detection device of For this reason, when detecting a slope failure using a position information detection sensor using GPS as a detection device, it is expensive as in the case of using a wire sensor and an extensometer, and it is not preferable from the viewpoint of environmental protection .

  Moreover, when using an image sensor as a detection apparatus, when slope failure generate | occur | produces from the visual field of an image sensor, slope failure is not detected and there exists a possibility that the precursor phenomenon of a debris flow may be missed. Also, when using a microphone sensor that uses hearing as a detection device, various sounds are filtered to sort out the sound that indicates the precursor phenomenon of debris flow, so if the sound sorting is not effective, the precursor phenomenon of debris flow May miss it.

(Configuration and Function of Debris Flow Precursor Detection Device According to First Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of a debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device according to a first embodiment.

  The debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device 1 is disposed on the ground, and includes a power supply voltage supply unit 10, an odor sensor 11, a transmission data generation unit 12, and a transmission unit 13. The power supply voltage supply unit 10 includes a primary battery 16 that supplies a power supply voltage to the odor sensor 11, the transmission data generation unit 12, and the transmission unit 13.

  The odor sensor 11 measures the odor intensity of the odor of the soil, which indicates the precursor of the occurrence of the debris flow around the debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device 1. The odor intensity is represented, for example, by the "odor level". Here, the "odor level" is, for example, a level value measured by a high sensitivity indium oxide-based heat-wire sintered semiconductor formula. The odor component of the odor, which is a precursor of the occurrence of debris flow such as slope failure, includes geosmin. Geosmin is the main odor component in the ground, and is released into the air as a precursor to the occurrence of debris flow such as slope failure and drifts in space. The odor sensor 11 outputs the detected odor level of geosmin to the transmission data generation unit 12.

  The transmission data generation unit 12 includes a storage unit 14 and an operation unit 15. The storage unit 14 includes, for example, at least one of a semiconductor memory, a magnetic disk drive, and an optical disk drive. The storage unit 14 stores a driver program, an operating system program, an application program, data, and the like used for processing by the arithmetic unit 15. The storage unit 14 stores, as an application program, a software keyboard and a data processing program for transmitting and receiving various data. In addition, the storage unit 14 stores identification information for identifying the debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device 1. The computer program may be installed in the storage unit 14 from a computer-readable portable recording medium, such as a CD-ROM or a DVD-ROM, using a known setup program or the like.

  The operation unit 15 includes one or more processors and their peripheral circuits. The arithmetic unit 15 controls the overall operation of the transmission data generation unit 12 in a centralized manner, and is, for example, a CPU. The operation unit 15 controls the operations of the odor sensor 11 and the transmission unit 13 so that various processes of the debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device 1 are performed in an appropriate procedure according to a program stored in the storage unit 14 or the like. . The arithmetic unit 15 executes processing based on a program (a driver program, an operating system program, an application program, etc.) stored in the storage unit 14. In addition, the arithmetic unit 15 can execute a plurality of programs (application programs and the like) in parallel.

  The calculation unit 15 acquires the odor level of geosmin from the odor sensor 11 at a predetermined cycle. In one example, operation unit 15 acquires the odor level of geosmin in a cycle of 10 minutes to 30 minutes. Arithmetic unit 15 combines the odor level of geosmin obtained from odor sensor 11 with the identification information stored in storage unit 14 to generate an odor level signal indicating the odor level of geosmin detected by debris flow precursory event detection device 1 Output to the transmitter 13.

  The transmitting unit 13 transmits a signal indicating information related to the odor detected by the odor sensor 11. Specifically, the transmitter 13 transmits the odor level signal input from the transmission data generator 12 to a data center (not shown). In one example, the antenna power, which is the power supplied from the transmission unit 13 to an antenna (not shown), is 0.01 W or less, and the transmission unit 13 functions as a specific low power wireless transmitter for data transfer. Moreover, the transmission part 13 transmits the beacon signal which shows that the debris flow precursory phenomenon detection apparatus 1 is operate | moving with a predetermined | prescribed period.

(Operation effect of debris flow precursor phenomenon detection device according to the first embodiment)
The debris flow precursor phenomenon detection device 1 uses the odor sensor 11 as a sensor for detecting slope failure which is a precursor phenomenon of debris flow. The odor sensor 11 is released into the air from the place where the slope failure occurs, and diffuses to the surrounding area to detect the component in the ground that floats in the space, so the installation location of the debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device 1 and the slope failure occurred. Even if the place is far away, the precursor phenomenon of debris flow can be detected.

  For example, although the slope failure is relatively far from the settlement, it is reported as a precursor of debris flow, so the odor in the ground should be diffused at least 100m and the danger point is 50m long It is assumed that the area is a square area. In this case, one debris flow precursor detection device 1 may be installed at the center of the dangerous place. In addition, the debris flow precursor detection device 1 may be disposed at four locations near the four corners of the danger point, and may be disposed at a total of five locations since the odor diffusion direction may be biased due to the wind direction or the like. preferable. On the other hand, as described above, when detecting a slope failure using the position information detection sensor using GPS as a detection device, 36 detection devices are disposed at a square danger point where one side has a length of 50 m. Ru. When the debris flow precursor detection device 1 is used as a detection device, the number of detection devices to be arranged can be reduced to 1/7 as compared with the case where a position information detection sensor using GPS is used as a detection device. Costing is possible.

(Configuration and Function of Debris Flow Precursor Detection Device According to Second Embodiment)
FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram of a debris flow precursor detection device according to a second embodiment.

  The debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device 2 is different from the debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device 1 in having a power supply voltage supply unit 20 instead of the power supply voltage supply unit 10. The constituent elements of the debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device 2 other than the power supply voltage supply unit 20 have the same configurations and functions as the constituent elements of the debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device 1 having the same reference numerals, and thus detailed description will be omitted here. Do.

  The power supply voltage supply unit 20 includes a temperature detection unit 21, a heat collection unit 22, a power generation unit 23, a power generation control unit 24, and a secondary battery 25.

  FIG. 3A is a view showing an arrangement state of the debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device 2, and FIG. 3B is a circuit block diagram of the power supply voltage supply unit 20. The debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device 2 is disposed on the inclined surface indicated by the arrow A in FIG. 3 (a).

  The temperature detection unit 21 has a first temperature sensor 211 that detects the temperature in the ground and a second temperature sensor 212 that detects the temperature in the air. The heat collecting unit 22 has a first heat collecting unit 221 which collects heat from the ground and a second heat collecting unit 222 which collects heat from the air. The power generation unit 23 includes a high temperature unit 231, a low temperature unit 232, and a thermoelectric conversion element 233 which is a p-type semiconductor device and an n-type semiconductor device connected to the high temperature unit 231 and the low temperature unit 232. The power generation unit 23 is a thermoelectric power generation device that converts a temperature difference between the high temperature unit 231 and the low temperature unit 232 into electrical energy. The power generation control unit 24 generates a first heat collector 221 and a second heat collector 222 based on the temperature in the ground and the temperature in the air detected by the first temperature sensor 211 and the second temperature sensor 212, respectively. The connection between the high temperature unit 231 and the low temperature unit 232 is switched. When the temperature in the ground is higher than the temperature in the air, the power generation control unit 24 connects the first heat collecting unit 221 that collects heat from the ground to the high temperature unit 231 and collects the heat from the air. 2) The heat collecting unit 222 is connected to the low temperature unit 232. On the other hand, when the temperature in the air is higher than the temperature in the ground, the power generation control unit 24 connects the second heat collecting unit 222 for collecting heat from the air to the high temperature unit 231 and collects the heat from the ground. The first heat collecting unit 221 is connected to the low temperature unit 232. The secondary battery 25 is a chargeable / dischargeable secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, and charges the power generated by the power generation unit 23, and charges the charged power supply voltage as the odor sensor 11, the transmission data generation unit 12, and the transmission unit Supply to 13.

(Operation effect of debris flow precursor phenomenon detection device according to the second embodiment)
Since the debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device 2 has the power supply voltage supply unit 20 having the power generation unit 23 and the secondary battery 25, it is operable by storing the power generated by the power generation unit 23 in the secondary battery 25. , You do not need regular battery replacement.

(Configuration and Function of Debris Flow Precursor Monitoring System According to Embodiment)
FIG. 4 is a view showing a debris flow precursory event monitoring system according to the embodiment.

  The debris flow precursors monitoring system 100 includes debris flow precursors detection devices 1 and 2, a relay device 101, and a debris flow precursors monitoring device 40 disposed in the data center 102. The debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device 1 and the data center 102 according to the first embodiment are disposed in a residential area indicated by an arrow 103. The debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device 1 is disposed in a house 104 located in a residential area 103. The debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device 2 and the relay device 101 according to the second embodiment are disposed in a mountain indicated by an arrow 106. The debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device 2 is disposed around the danger point indicated by the arrow 107.

  The relay device 101 is disposed in the middle of the mountain 106 at a location where maintenance inspection is easier than the debris flow precursor detection device 2, and the battery having a capacity larger than the capacity of the secondary battery 25 of the debris flow precursor phenomenon detection device 2 is Will be mounted. The relay device 101 has antenna power capable of transmitting a signal to the debris flow precursory phenomenon monitoring device disposed in the data center 102. The relay device 101 receives the odor level signal and the beacon signal transmitted from the debris flow precursory event detection device 2. The relay apparatus 101 amplifies the received odor level signal and beacon signal, and transmits the amplified signal to the debris flow precursor monitoring apparatus disposed in the data center 102.

  FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the debris flow precursory phenomenon monitoring device 40. As shown in FIG.

  The debris flow precursory phenomenon monitoring device 40 is an information processing device capable of various information processing, and includes a monitoring communication unit 401, a monitoring storage unit 402, a monitoring display unit 403, a monitoring input unit 404, and a monitoring processing unit 410. Equipped with The debris flow precursory phenomenon monitoring device 40 receives a signal indicating information related to an odor from the debris flow precursory phenomenon detecting devices 1 and 2 and outputs a debris flow precursory alert signal when it is determined that the debris flow is generated based on the received signals. Do.

  The monitoring communication unit 401 has a wired communication interface circuit such as Ethernet (registered trademark). The monitoring communication unit 401 communicates with the debris flow precursors detection devices 1 and 2 and the relay device 101 via a wireless communication line. Then, the monitoring communication unit 401 supplies the data received from the relay device 101 or the like to the monitoring processing unit 410. Also, the monitoring communication unit 401 transmits the data supplied from the monitoring processing unit 410 to the relay device 101 or the like.

  The monitoring storage unit 402 includes, for example, at least one of a semiconductor memory, a magnetic disk drive, and an optical disk drive. The monitoring storage unit 402 stores a driver program, an operating system program, an application program, data, and the like used for processing by the monitoring processing unit 410. For example, the monitoring storage unit 402 stores, as a driver program, a communication device driver program for controlling the monitoring communication unit 401 and the like. The monitoring storage unit 402 also stores, as an operating system program, a connection control program and the like according to a communication method such as Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol (TCP / IP). Further, the monitoring storage unit 402 stores, as an application program, a computer program for executing the debris flow precursory occurrence determination processing, and also stores a data processing program for transmitting and receiving various data. The computer program may be installed in the monitoring storage unit 402 from a computer-readable portable recording medium, such as a CD-ROM or a DVD-ROM, using a known setup program or the like.

  The monitoring processing unit 410 includes one or more processors and their peripheral circuits. The monitoring processing unit 410 centrally controls the overall operation of the debris flow precursory phenomenon monitoring device 40, and is, for example, a CPU. The monitoring processing unit 410 controls the operation of the monitoring communication unit 401 or the like so that the various processes of the debris flow precursory phenomenon monitoring device 40 are executed in an appropriate procedure according to a program or the like stored in the monitoring storage unit 402. . The monitoring processing unit 410 executes processing based on a program (a driver program, an operating system program, an application program, and the like) stored in the monitoring storage unit 402. Also, the monitoring processing unit 410 can execute a plurality of programs (application programs etc.) in parallel.

  The monitoring processing unit 410 includes a cumulative precipitation acquisition unit 411, a cumulative precipitation determination unit 412, a debris flow precursor determination unit 413, a beacon signal determination unit 414, and a debris flow precursor warning signal output unit 415. These units included in the monitoring processing unit 410 are functional modules implemented by a program executed on a processor included in the monitoring processing unit 410. Alternatively, these units included in the monitoring processing unit 410 may be implemented in the debris flow precursory phenomenon monitoring device 40 as independent integrated circuits, microprocessors, or firmware.

  FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing processing of the monitoring processing unit 410. The monitoring processing unit 410 executes the processing shown in FIG. 6 with respect to each of the debris flow precursory event detection devices 1 and 2 at a constant cycle.

  First, the accumulated precipitation acquisition unit 411 acquires the accumulated precipitation of a predetermined period of time in the area including the place where the debris flow aura phenomenon detection devices 1 and 2 are disposed (S101). The accumulated precipitation amount may be acquired by the monitoring communication unit 401 via the Internet, or may be acquired by an operator (not shown) inputting via the monitoring input unit 404.

  Next, the accumulated precipitation determination unit 412 determines whether the accumulated precipitation acquired by the accumulated precipitation acquisition unit 411 exceeds the dangerous precipitation that is a predetermined threshold (S102). If it is determined that the cumulative amount of precipitation has not exceeded the dangerous amount of precipitation, the process ends.

  When it is determined that the accumulated precipitation exceeds the dangerous precipitation (S102), the debris flow precursory judging unit 413 judges whether the odor level of geosmin indicated by the received odor level signal exceeds a predetermined dangerous precipitation or not (S103).

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the determination process of the debris flow precursors determination unit 413. In FIG. 7, the horizontal axis indicates the rainfall time, and the vertical axis indicates the odor level of geosmin. Also, the solid line indicates the odor level of geosmin indicated by the received odor level signal, and the broken line indicates a threshold.

  The odor level of geosmin indicated by the received odor level signal rapidly increases when a debris flow precursor such as slope failure occurs, as shown by arrow A in FIG. 7. When the odor level of geosmin detected by the odor sensor 11 rapidly increases and becomes equal to or higher than the threshold value, the debris flow precursor determination unit 413 determines that a precursor phenomenon of debris flow such as slope failure has occurred.

  When it is determined that the odor level of geosmin indicated by the received odor level signal exceeds the predetermined threshold value, the debris flow precursor alarm signal output unit 415 outputs a debris flow precursor alarm signal indicating that a precursor phenomenon of debris flow has occurred. (S104). The debris flow precursor alarm signal includes identification information that the debris flow precursor phenomenon has occurred and the debris flow precursor phenomenon detection device 1 or 2 whose geosmin odor level has exceeded the threshold. If it is determined that the debris flow precursor signal has not been received, the process proceeds to S105. When the debris flow warning signal is output, the operator broadcasts an evacuation notice to the residential area 103 using a speaker (not shown) or the like.

  In step S105, the beacon signal determination unit 414 determines whether a beacon signal has been received from the debris flow precursory event detection device 1 or 2. If it is determined that the beacon signal is received from the debris flow precursor detection device or 2, the process ends. If it is determined that the beacon signal is not received from the debris flow precursor detection device or 2, the process proceeds to S106. When the process proceeds to S106, the debris flow precursor warning signal output unit 415 outputs a debris flow precursor warning signal.

(Operation effect of debris flow precursor phenomenon monitoring system according to the embodiment)
In the debris flow precursor monitoring system 100, by arranging the debris flow precursor detection device 2 having the power generation unit 23 and the secondary battery 25 in the mountain 106, periodical battery replacement of the debris flow precursor detection device placed in the mountain is performed. Make it unnecessary. Further, since the odor level signal transmitted by the debris flow precursor detection device 2 is transmitted to the debris flow precursor phenomenon monitoring device 40 via the relay device 101, the antenna power of the debris flow precursor phenomenon detection device 2 can be reduced. Further, in the debris flow omen monitoring system 100, by arranging the debris flow omen detection device 1 in the house 104, it is possible to directly inform the residents directly, and it is possible to prevent the escape notice of the evacuation notification. Also, since the debris flow precursor monitoring system 100 outputs a debris flow precursor warning signal when it is determined that the beacon signal is not received, the debris flow detector 2 detects debris flow due to being buried in soil or broken. A precursor alarm signal can be output.

(Configuration and Function of Debris Flow Precursor Detection Device According to Third Embodiment)
FIG. 8 is a circuit block diagram of a debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device according to a third embodiment.

  The debris flow precursor detection device 3 differs from the debris flow precursor detection device 2 in that a debris flow precursor determination unit 32 is disposed instead of the transmission data generation unit 12. The constituent elements of the debris flow precursor phenomenon detection device 3 other than the debris flow precursor phenomenon determination unit 32 have the same configurations and functions as the constituent elements of the debris flow precursor phenomenon detection device 2 to which the same reference numerals are attached. I omit it.

  The debris flow precursory phenomenon determination unit 32 includes a storage unit 34 and a calculation unit 35. The storage unit 34 includes, for example, at least one of a semiconductor memory, a magnetic disk drive, and an optical disk drive. The storage unit 34 stores a driver program, an operating system program, an application program, data, and the like used for processing by the computing unit 35. The storage unit 34 stores, as an application program, a software keyboard and a data processing program for transmitting and receiving various data. The computer program may be installed in the storage unit 34 from a computer-readable portable recording medium, such as a CD-ROM or a DVD-ROM, using a known setup program or the like.

  Arithmetic unit 35 includes one or more processors and their peripheral circuits. The arithmetic unit 35 controls the overall operation of the debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device 3 in an integrated manner, and is, for example, a CPU. The arithmetic unit 35 controls the operations of the odor sensor 11 and the transmitter 13 so that various processes of the debris flow precursory phenomenon detection device 3 are executed in an appropriate procedure according to the program stored in the storage unit 34 or the like. . The arithmetic unit 35 executes processing based on a program (a driver program, an operating system program, an application program, etc.) stored in the storage unit 34. In addition, the arithmetic unit 35 can execute a plurality of programs (application programs and the like) in parallel.

  The calculation unit 35 determines whether or not the odor level of geosmin input from the odor sensor 11 is equal to or higher than a threshold value at a predetermined cycle. In one example, the calculation unit 35 determines whether the odor level of geosmin is equal to or higher than the threshold value in a cycle of 10 minutes to 30 minutes. When the calculation unit 35 determines that the odor level of geosmin input from the odor sensor 11 is equal to or higher than the threshold value, it combines information indicating that debris flow occurs with the identification information stored in the storage unit 34. , Generate a debris flow precursor signal, and output it to the transmission unit 13. On the other hand, when it is determined that the odor level of geosmin input from the odor sensor 11 is smaller than the threshold value, the debris flow precursory event determination unit 32 does not generate the debris flow precursory signal. The transmitting unit 13 transmits the debris flow precursor signal input from the debris flow precursory phenomenon determination unit 32 to the data center 102.

  FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the debris flow precursors monitoring device used when the debris flow precursors detection device 3 is arranged.

  The debris flow precursors monitoring device 50 differs from the debris flow precursors monitoring device 40 in having a monitoring processor 510 instead of the monitoring processor 410. The constituent elements of the debris flow precursory phenomenon monitoring device 50 other than the monitoring processing unit 510 have the same configurations and functions as the constituent elements of the debris flow precursory phenomenon monitoring device 40 having the same reference numerals, and thus detailed description will be omitted here. . The debris flow precursory phenomenon monitoring device 50 is disposed in the data center 102 in the same manner as the debris flow precursory phenomenon monitoring device 40.

  The monitoring processing unit 510 includes one or more processors and their peripheral circuits. The monitoring processing unit 510 centrally controls the overall operation of the debris flow precursory phenomenon monitoring device 50, and is, for example, a CPU. The monitoring processing unit 510 controls the operation of the monitoring communication unit 401 or the like so that the various processes of the debris flow precursory phenomenon monitoring device 50 are executed in an appropriate procedure according to a program or the like stored in the monitoring storage unit 402. . The monitoring processing unit 510 executes processing based on a program (a driver program, an operating system program, an application program, and the like) stored in the monitoring storage unit 402. Also, the monitoring processing unit 510 can execute a plurality of programs (application programs etc.) in parallel.

  The monitoring processing unit 510 includes a cumulative precipitation acquisition unit 411, a cumulative precipitation determination unit 412, a debris flow precursor signal determination unit 513, a beacon signal determination unit 414, and a debris flow precursor warning signal output unit 415. These units included in the monitoring processing unit 510 are functional modules implemented by a program executed on a processor included in the monitoring processing unit 510. Alternatively, these units included in the monitoring processing unit 510 may be implemented in the debris flow precursory phenomenon monitoring device 40 as independent integrated circuits, microprocessors, or firmware. The monitoring processing unit 510 is different from the monitoring processing unit 410 in that the monitoring processing unit 510 includes a debris flow precursor signal judging unit 513 instead of the debris flow precursor judging unit 413.

  FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing processing of the monitoring processing unit 510. The monitoring processing unit 510 executes the processing shown in FIG. 7 on the debris flow precursory event detection device 3 at a constant cycle.

  First, the accumulated precipitation acquisition unit 411 acquires the accumulated precipitation of a predetermined period of time in the area including the place where the debris flow antecedent detection device 3 is disposed (S201). Next, the accumulated precipitation determination unit 412 determines whether the accumulated precipitation acquired by the accumulated precipitation acquisition unit 411 exceeds the dangerous precipitation that is a predetermined threshold (S202). If it is determined that the cumulative amount of precipitation has not exceeded the dangerous amount of precipitation, the process ends.

  When it is determined that the accumulated precipitation amount exceeds the dangerous precipitation amount (S202), the debris flow precursor signal determination unit 513 determines whether the debris flow precursor signal is received (S203). When it is determined that the debris flow precursor signal is received, the debris flow precursor alarm signal output unit 415 outputs a debris flow precursor alarm signal (S204). If it is determined that the debris flow precursor signal has not been received, the process proceeds to S205.

  In S205, the beacon signal determination unit 414 determines whether a beacon signal is received. If it is determined that the beacon signal is received, the process ends. If it is determined that the beacon signal is not received, the process proceeds to S206. In step S205, the debris flow precursor warning signal output unit 415 outputs a debris flow precursor warning signal.

(Modification of debris flow precursor detection device according to the embodiment)
Although each of the debris flow precursor phenomena detection devices 1 to 3 detects a precursor phenomenon of debris flow, it may be used as a ground anomaly precursor phenomenon detection device for detecting other surface anomaly phenomena such as landslides and landslides.

  In each of the debris flow precursors detection devices 1 to 3, the primary battery or the secondary battery is disposed in the power supply voltage supply unit, but when disposed in a house or the like, the power supply voltage supply unit includes the primary battery and The power supply voltage may be supplied from a commercial power supply without arranging the secondary battery. Also, although each of the debris flow precursors 2 and 3 has a thermoelectric power generation device as a power generation unit, another environmental power generation device (energy harvester) such as a solar power generation device that converts non-electric energy into electric energy is a power generation unit You may have as.

The following appendices will be further disclosed regarding the embodiments described above.
(Supplementary Note 1)
An odor sensor placed on the ground to detect odors,
A transmitter configured to transmit a signal indicating information related to the odor detected by the odor sensor;
A power supply voltage supply unit for supplying a power supply voltage to the odor sensor and the transmission unit;
A ground anomaly precursor detection device having.
(Supplementary Note 2)
The ground anomaly precursor detection device according to Appendix 1, wherein the odor sensor detects an odor indicating occurrence of a precursor phenomenon of the ground anomaly.
(Supplementary Note 3)
The ground anomaly precursor detection device according to Appendix 2, wherein the information related to the odor includes data indicating the intensity of the odor detected by the odor sensor.
(Supplementary Note 4)
It further has a debris flow precursory phenomenon determination unit that determines whether the intensity of the odor detected by the odor sensor exceeds a threshold value,
The ground surface abnormality precursor detection according to appendix 2, wherein the information related to the odor includes information indicating that the debris flow precursor phenomenon determination unit has determined that the intensity of the odor detected by the odor sensor has exceeded a threshold value. apparatus.
(Supplementary Note 5)
The ground surface abnormality precursor detection device according to any one of Appendixes 2 to 4, wherein the power supply voltage supply unit includes an environmental power generation device that converts non-electric energy into electric energy.
(Supplementary Note 6)
The ground abnormality precursor detection device according to any one of Appendices 2 to 5, wherein the odor component indicating the ground abnormality is geosmin.
(Appendix 7)
An odor sensor placed on the ground to detect odors,
A transmitter configured to transmit a signal indicating information related to the odor detected by the odor sensor;
A ground abnormality precursor detection device having a power supply voltage supply unit for supplying a power supply voltage to the odor sensor and the transmission unit;
The ground anomaly precursor monitoring system outputs a ground anomaly alarm signal when it receives a signal indicating information related to the odor from the ground anomaly precursor detection device and determines that the ground anomaly is generated based on the received signal. A device,
Ground anomaly precursor monitoring system.
(Supplementary Note 8)
The ground anomaly precursor monitoring system according to claim 7, further comprising: a relay device that receives the signal transmitted by the transmitter and transmits the received signal to the ground anomaly precursor monitoring device.
(Appendix 9)
The ground anomaly precursor detection device transmits a beacon signal indicating that it is in operation to the ground anomaly precursor monitoring device at a predetermined cycle, and the ground anomaly precursor monitoring device comprises the ground anomaly precursor detection device The ground abnormality precursor monitoring system according to Appendix 7 or 8, which outputs the ground abnormality alarm signal when the beacon signal is not received from the above.
(Supplementary Note 10)
The ground anomaly precursor monitoring device is based on the received signal while the accumulated precipitation in a predetermined period of the area including the place where the ground anomaly precursor detection device is disposed is equal to or above a predetermined threshold. The ground anomaly precursor monitoring system according to any one of appendices 7 to 9, wherein the ground anomaly alarm signal is output when it is determined that the ground anomaly is generated.

1 to 3 debris flow precursor detection device (ground anomaly precursor detection device)
10, 20 Power supply voltage supply unit 11 Odor sensor 12 Transmission data generation unit 13 Transmission unit 32 Debris flow precursory judgment unit 40, 50 Debris flow precursory monitoring device 100 Debris flow precursory monitoring system (ground anomaly precursory monitoring system)

Claims (8)

An odor sensor placed on the ground to detect odors,
A transmitter configured to transmit a signal indicating information related to the odor detected by the odor sensor;
Have a, and a power voltage supply unit for supplying a power supply voltage to the odor sensor and the transmitting unit,
The power voltage supply unit will have a energy harvesting device for converting non-electrical energy into electrical energy, surface anomaly precursory phenomenon detector.   The ground abnormality precursor detection device according to claim 1, wherein the odor sensor detects an odor indicating occurrence of a precursor phenomenon of the ground abnormality.   The ground abnormality precursor detection device according to claim 2, wherein the component of the odor indicating the ground abnormality includes geosmin. The environmental power generation device is a thermoelectric power generation device having a thermoelectric conversion element, and the thermoelectric conversion element is an electric power based on the difference between the temperature of the ground surface on which the ground anomaly precursor detection device is installed and the temperature of the atmosphere. The ground abnormality precursor detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which generates An odor sensor placed on the ground to detect odors,
A transmitter configured to transmit a signal indicating information related to the odor detected by the odor sensor;
A power supply voltage supply unit for supplying a power supply voltage to the odor sensor and the transmission unit;
A ground anomaly precursor detection device having
The ground anomaly precursor monitoring system outputs a ground anomaly alarm signal when it receives a signal indicating information related to the odor from the ground anomaly precursor detection device and determines that the ground anomaly is generated based on the received signal. equipment and, the possess,
The power voltage supply unit will have a energy harvesting device for converting non-electrical energy into electrical energy, surface abnormalities precursory phenomenon monitoring system. The ground anomaly precursor detection device transmits a beacon signal indicating that it is in operation to the ground anomaly precursor monitoring device at a predetermined cycle,
The ground abnormal precursory phenomenon monitoring device, the surface abnormality aura from phenomenon detection device when no longer receive the beacon signal, and outputs the ground anomaly alarm signal, the surface abnormality precursory phenomenon monitoring system according to claim 5. The ground anomaly precursor monitoring device is based on the received signal while the accumulated precipitation in a predetermined period of the area including the place where the ground anomaly precursor detection device is disposed is equal to or above a predetermined threshold. The ground abnormality precursor monitoring system according to claim 5 or 6 , wherein the ground abnormality alarm signal is output when it is determined that the ground abnormality is generated. The environmental power generation device is a thermoelectric power generation device having a thermoelectric conversion element, and the thermoelectric conversion element is an electric power based on the difference between the temperature of the ground surface on which the ground anomaly precursor detection device is installed and the temperature of the atmosphere. The ground anomaly precursor monitoring system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, which generates.