JP6510296B2 - Method of roughening metal molded body - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method of roughening a metal molded body.

Sand blasting is widely used as a method of roughening the surface of a metal molded body. For example, claim 2 of Patent Document 1, Claim 17 of Patent Document 2, Claim 6 of Patent Document 3, etc. It is described to use sand blasting as a method of homogenization.
Further, as another method of roughening the surface of the metal molded body, for example, laser etching is described in claim 2 of patent document 1 and claim 3 of patent document 4.
Although Patent Documents 1 and 4 do not describe the details of laser etching, paragraph 0052 of Patent Document 5 and paragraph No. 0100 of Patent Document 6 indicate that the laser etching uses a pulse laser. Have been described.

In the case of a surface roughening method by sandblasting, for example, in the case of a metal molded body having many irregularities and corner portions, the surface roughening may not be performed in a uniform state in some cases.
In laser etching using a pulse laser, the processing time per unit area of the metal molding is long, and in the industrial scale operation, the productivity is lowered.

JP, 2013-71453, A Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2010-50539 JP, 2009-246320, A JP, 2014-516805, A JP, 2014-107533, A Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2004-163498

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of roughening a metal formed body, which can be uniformly roughened regardless of the surface shape of the metal formed body to be treated, and can shorten the processing time. I assume.

In the present invention, the surface layer portion of the roughening target portion is continuously irradiated with laser light at an irradiation speed of 2000 mm / sec or more using a continuous wave laser to the roughening target portion of the metal molded body. Process to make porous structure,
The porous structure formed in the surface layer portion of the roughening target portion is formed in the thickness direction and in a direction different from the trunk hole having an opening on the surface side and the inner wall surface of the trunk hole With an open hole consisting of
The surface-roughened part of the said roughening object part provides the surface-roughening method of the metal molded object which is a 50-500 micrometers depth range to the depth of the open hole from the surface of a metal molded object.

  According to the method of roughening a metal formed body of the present invention, a desired portion can be roughened in a short time regardless of the shape of the metal formed body.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The perspective view of the metal molded object (flat plate) which applies the roughening method of this invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The perspective view of the metal molded object (cylinder) which applies the roughening method of this invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The perspective view of the metal molded object (triangular pyramid) which applies the roughening method of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the continuous irradiation pattern of a laser beam. Explanatory drawing of the continuous irradiation pattern of the laser beam which is another embodiment. Explanatory drawing of the continuous irradiation pattern of the laser beam which is another embodiment. Explanatory drawing of the continuous irradiation pattern of the laser beam which is one Embodiment. (A) is sectional drawing when it sees from the arrow direction between DD shown in FIG. 7, (b) is sectional drawing of another embodiment when it sees from the arrow direction between DD shown in FIG. (A) is a cross-sectional view as viewed from the arrow direction between A and A shown in FIG. 7, (b) is a cross-sectional view as viewed from the arrow direction between B and B shown in FIG. Sectional drawing when it sees from the arrow direction between CC shown in FIG. (A) to (d) are diagrams showing cross-sectional shapes orthogonal to the length direction when laser light is continuously irradiated linearly, and grooves having cross-sectional shapes of (a) to (d) are mixed Show that. (A)-(d) is a top view of (a)-(d) of FIG. Sectional drawing of the length direction of (c) of FIG. 10, and (c) of FIG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The top view of the metal molded object to which the roughening method of this invention is applied in the Example. The SEM photograph of the metal-molding object surface after irradiating a laser continuously in Example 1. FIG. The SEM photograph of the joint surface of the metal molded object after irradiating a laser in Example 2 continuously. The SEM photograph of the joint surface of the metal molded object after irradiating a laser continuously in Example 3. FIG. The SEM photograph of the joint surface of the metal molded object after irradiating a laser continuously in Example 4. FIG. The SEM photograph of the joint surface of the metal molded object after irradiating a laser continuously in Example 5. FIG. The SEM photograph of the joint surface of the metal molded object after irradiating a laser in Example 6 continuously. The SEM photograph of the joint surface of the metal molded object after irradiating a laser continuously by the comparative example 2. FIG. The top view of the metal forming body to which the roughening method of this invention is applied in another Example. The top view of the metal forming body to which the roughening method of this invention is applied in another Example. The perspective view of the compound molded object manufactured by compression molding. The SEM photograph of the thickness direction cross section of the composite molded object obtained in Example 10. FIG. The SEM photograph of the thickness direction cross section of the composite molded object obtained in Example 11. FIG. The SEM photograph of the thickness direction cross section of the composite molded object obtained in Example 12. FIG. The SEM photograph of the thickness direction cross section of the composite molded object obtained in Example 15. FIG. The SEM photograph of the joint surface of the metal molded object after irradiating a laser in Example 16 continuously. The SEM photograph of the thickness direction cross section of the composite molded object obtained in Example 16. FIG. The SEM photograph of the joint surface of the metal molded object after irradiating a laser in Example 17 continuously. The SEM photograph of the joint surface of the metal molded object after irradiating a laser in Example 21 continuously. The graph which shows the relationship between the energy density of Example 1, and the groove depth, and the SEM photograph of the thickness direction cross section of a composite-shaped body. The graph which shows the relationship between the energy density of Example 1, and the groove width, and the SEM photograph of the joint surface of the metal forming body after irradiating a laser continuously. The SEM photograph of the surface of the metal molded object (aluminum plate) after laser irradiation in Example 43. FIG. The path indicates the number of repetitions. The figure which image-processed and showed the surface state of 20 passes in FIG. FIG. 44 is an explanatory diagram of a method of photographing an X-ray CT image in a forty-third embodiment. (A) to (c) are one to three X-ray still images of a total of 10 sheets of 5 passes of laser irradiation. (A)-(c) are four to six X-ray still images of a total of ten sheets of laser irradiation frequency | count 5 passes. (A) to (d) are 7 to 10 X-ray still images of a total of 10 sheets of 5 passes of laser irradiation. (A)-(c) is a total of 10 1-3 X-ray still images of 10 passes of laser irradiation frequency | count. (A) to (c) are four to six X-ray still images of a total of ten sheets of the laser irradiation number of times 10 passes. (A) to (d) are 7 to 10 X-ray still images of a total of 10 sheets of 10 passes of laser irradiation. (A)-(c) is a total of ten 1 to 3 X-ray still images of the laser irradiation frequency | count 20 passes. (A) to (c) are four to six X-ray still images of a total of 10 sheets of 20 passes of laser irradiation. (A) to (d) are 7 to 10 X-ray still images of a total of 10 sheets of 20 passes of laser irradiation.

In the roughening method of the present invention, a laser beam is continuously irradiated to the roughened portion of the metal molded body using a continuous wave laser at an irradiation speed of 2000 mm / sec or more.
By continuously irradiating the surface to be roughened with laser light at a high irradiation rate as described above, the surface to be roughened can be roughened in a very short time.

The roughening target portion of the metal molded body to which the roughening method of the present invention is applied is meant to include both the roughening target surface and a part of the surface.
The roughening target portion of the metal molded body to which the roughening method of the present invention is applied is not particularly limited, and, for example, a flat surface, a curved surface, a corner of a boundary portion between two flat surfaces, and a tip having three or more flat surfaces. , A surface in which a flat surface and a curved surface are combined, a surface in which each surface is uneven, a part of these, and the like.

The example of the roughening object part of the metal forming object which applies the roughening method of this invention is demonstrated with the metal forming object shown in FIGS.
FIG. 1 shows a flat plate 100 having three depressions 112, 113 and 114 and projections 115 and 116 between the depressions on the surface 111. FIG. In the flat plate 100, in addition to each plane, the uneven portion is also a roughening target portion.
FIG. 2 shows a cylinder 120 in which a large diameter cylinder 121 and a small diameter cylinder 122 are integrated. In the cylinder 120, the peripheral surface 122 and the end surface 123 of the large diameter cylinder 121, the boundary between the peripheral surface 122 and the end surface 123, the peripheral surface 124 of the small diameter cylinder 122, the end surface 125, the boundary between the peripheral surface 134 and the end surface 125, large The step surface 126 of the cylinder 121 of a diameter and the cylinder 122 of a small diameter etc. becomes a roughening target portion.
FIG. 3 shows a triangular pyramid 130. In the triangular pyramid 130, a surface 131, a plane such as the surface 132, a boundary portion 133 between the surface 131 and the surface 132, a tip end portion 134 which is a boundary portion of three surfaces, and the like are to be roughened.
In addition, it is possible to use as roughening target part all surfaces of such a complicated shape as a ring, a cylinder, a hemisphere, a sphere, a three-dimensional lattice or a tree branch, a thin one such as a needle or a wire.

The metal of the metal molded body is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected from known metals according to the application.
For example, those selected from iron, various stainless steels, aluminum, zinc, titanium, copper, magnesium and alloys containing them, cermets such as tungsten carbide and chromium carbide can be mentioned, and these metals can be anodized, It can apply to what gave surface treatment, such as plating treatment.

2000-20,000 mm / sec is preferable, and, as for the irradiation speed of a continuous wave laser when irradiating to the roughening object part of a metal molded object, 2,000-18,000 mm / sec is more preferable, 2,000-15 , 000 mm / sec is more preferable.
When the irradiation speed of the continuous wave laser is in the above range, the processing speed can be increased, so that the processing time can be shortened.

It is preferable to irradiate a laser beam continuously so that the processing time in the case of being (A) and (B) will become the range of 0.1 to 30 second, for example, irradiation of a continuous wave laser.
(A) Laser beam irradiation speed is 2000 to 15000 mm / sec
(B) The area of the bonding surface of the metal molded body is 100 mm ²
When the processing time when the requirements (A) and (B) are satisfied is within the above range, the entire surface of the roughening target portion can be roughened.

For example, the following method can be applied to continuous irradiation of laser light, but the method is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of roughening a roughening target portion.
(I) As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, one straight line or curve from one side (short side or long side) side of the roughening target portion (for example, rectangular surface) to the opposite side A method of irradiating continuously so as to form, and repeating this to form a plurality of straight lines or curves.
(II) Continuous irradiation is performed so that a straight line or a curve is continuously formed from one side to the opposite side of the roughening target portion, and in this case, a straight line or a curve having an interval in the opposite direction A method of repeating continuous irradiation to be formed.
(III) A method in which continuous irradiation is performed from one side to the opposite side of the surface to be roughened, and then continuous irradiation is performed in a direction perpendicular to the surface.
(IV) A method of randomly continuously irradiating the roughening target portion.

When the methods (I) to (IV) are carried out, laser light may be continuously irradiated several times to form one straight line or one curved line.
Under the same continuous irradiation conditions, as the number of irradiations (the number of repetitions) for forming one straight line or one curve increases, the degree of surface roughening with respect to the surface to be roughened becomes larger.

In the methods (I) and (II), when forming a plurality of straight lines or a plurality of curves, each straight line or curve is equally spaced within a range of 0.005 to 1 mm (the interval of b1 shown in FIG. 4) The laser beam can be continuously irradiated to form the.
The interval at this time is made larger than the beam diameter (spot diameter) of the laser beam, and the number of straight lines or curves at this time is adjusted according to the area of the roughened portion of the metal molded body. can do.

In the methods (I) and (II), when forming a plurality of straight lines or a plurality of curves, each straight line or curve is in the range of 0.005 to 1 mm (the interval of b1 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5) The laser beam can be continuously irradiated so as to be formed at equal intervals.
A plurality of these straight lines or a plurality of curves can be formed as a group.
At this time, the intervals of the respective groups can be made equal intervals within a range of 0.01 to 1 mm (interval of b2 shown in FIG. 5).
In addition, it can replace with the continuous irradiation method shown to FIG. 4, FIG. 5, and can also implement the method of continuous irradiation, without interrupting from the start of continuous irradiation to completion | finish of continuous irradiation, as shown in FIG.

Continuous irradiation of a laser beam can be implemented, for example, under the following conditions.
4 to 4000 W is preferable, 50 to 2500 W is more preferable, 100 to 2000 W is more preferable, and 250 to 2000 W is further preferable.
The beam diameter (spot diameter) is preferably 5 to 200 μm, more preferably 5 to 100 μm, still more preferably 10 to 100 μm, and still more preferably 11 to 80 μm.
Further, the preferable range of the combination of the output and the spot diameter can be selected from the energy density E1 (W / μm ² ) obtained from the laser output and the laser irradiation spot area (π · [spot diameter / 2] ² ).
Energy density E1 (W / μm ²⁾ is preferably from 0.1 W / [mu] m ² or more, more preferably 0.2~10W / μm ^2, more preferably 0.2~6.0W / μm ^2.
When the energy density E1 (W / μm ² ) is the same, laser irradiation can be performed for a larger spot area (μm ² ) as the output (W) is larger, so the processing speed (laser irradiation per ^second ) The area; mm ² / sec) can be increased, and the processing time can be shortened.
The wavelength is preferably 300 to 1200 nm, and more preferably 500 to 1200 nm.
The focal position is preferably -10 to +10 mm, and more preferably -6 to +6 mm.

The preferable relationship between the irradiation speed of the continuous wave laser, the laser output, the laser beam diameter (spot diameter) and the energy density E1 is that the irradiation speed of the continuous wave laser is 2,000 to 15,000 mm / sec and the laser output is 250 ～2000W, laser beam diameter (spot diameter) of 10 to 100 [mu] m, the laser output and the spot area energy density obtained from ([pi · [spot diameter / 2] ²⁾ E1 (W / [mu] m ²⁾ 0.2 It is in the range of ̃10 W / μm ² .

  The continuous wave laser may be a known one, for example, YVO 4 laser, fiber laser (preferably single mode fiber laser), excimer laser, carbon dioxide gas laser, ultraviolet laser, YAG laser, semiconductor laser, glass laser, ruby Lasers, He-Ne lasers, nitrogen lasers, chelating lasers, dye lasers can be used. Among these, a fiber laser is preferable because an energy density can be increased, and a single mode fiber laser is particularly preferable.

In the surface roughening method of the present invention, the laser light is continuously irradiated to the surface roughening target portion of the metal molded body using a continuous wave laser at an irradiation speed of 2000 mm / sec or more. The continuously irradiated part is roughened.
One embodiment of the state of the roughening target portion of the metal molded body at this time will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9.
As shown in FIG. 7, a laser beam (for example, spot diameter 11 μm) is continuously irradiated to form a large number of lines (three lines 61 to 63 are shown in the drawing. The distance between the lines is about 50 μm). Can be roughened. The number of times of irradiation to one straight line is preferably 1 to 10 times.

In the case where the number of repetitions of irradiation (pass number) to one straight line is more than 10 times, the level of roughening can be further increased, but the total irradiation time becomes longer. For this reason, it is preferable to determine the number of times of irradiation to one straight line in consideration of the target level of roughening.
When the number of repetitions (pass number) of irradiation to one straight line is more than 10 times, preferably more than 10 times to 50 times or less, more preferably 15 to 40 times, still more preferably 20 to 35 times is there.
When irradiating one straight line repeatedly, it is possible to select bidirectional irradiation and unidirectional irradiation.
When two-way radiation forms a line (groove), the continuous wave laser is irradiated from the first end to the second end of the line (groove) and then from the second end to the first end The continuous wave laser is irradiated, and thereafter, the continuous wave laser is repeatedly irradiated from the first end to the second end and from the second end to the first end.
One-way irradiation is a method of repeating one-way continuous wave laser irradiation from the first end to the second end.

  At this time, the surface layer portion of the metal molded body including the roughened target portion is as shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 9 (a) to 9 (c). The “surface layer portion of the metal molded body” is a portion from the surface of the metal molded body to the depth of the open hole (the trunk hole or the branch hole) formed by the roughening, and from the surface of the metal molded body Depth is in the range of about 50 to 500 μm.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the surface layer portion of the metal molded body including the roughened target portion has an opening 31 on the roughened target portion (surface to be roughened) 12 side. It has an open hole 30.
The open hole 30 includes a trunk hole 32 having an opening 31 formed in the thickness direction, and a branch hole 33 formed in a direction different from the inner wall surface of the trunk hole 32 from the trunk hole 32. One or more branch holes 33 may be formed.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the surface layer portion of the metal molded body including the roughened surface target portion 12 has no opening on the side of the surface to be roughened (surface to be surface roughened) 12. It has an internal space 40.
The interior space 40 is connected to the open hole 30 by a tunnel connection 50.

As shown in FIG. 8B, the surface layer portion of the metal molded body including the roughened surface roughening target portion 12 has an open space 45 in which a plurality of open holes 30 are integrated. Alternatively, the open space 45 may be formed by combining the open hole 30 and the inner space 40. One open space 45 has a larger internal volume than one open hole 30.
In addition, many open holes 30 may be one and the groove-shaped open space 45 may be formed.

  Although not shown, two internal spaces 40 as shown in FIG. 9 (a) may be connected by a tunnel connection path 50, and an open space 45 as shown in FIG. 8 (b) and an opening The hole 30, the internal space 40 and the other open space 45 may be connected by a tunnel connection 50.

  The inner space 40 is all connected with one or both of the open hole 30 and the open space 45 by the tunnel connection path 50, but a part of the inner space 40 is the open hole 30 and the open space 45 It may be a closed space that is not connected.

Although the details of forming the open hole 30 and the internal space 40 as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 when continuously irradiating the laser light in this manner are unknown, the laser light was continuously irradiated at a predetermined speed or more. When a hole or a groove is once formed on the surface of the metal molding, the molten metal swells to cover or hold back, resulting in the formation of the open hole 30, the internal space 40, and the open space 45. It is considered to be a thing.
Similarly, the details of formation of the branch holes 33 of the open hole 30 and the tunnel connection path 50 are also unclear, but the heat accumulated in the vicinity of the bottom of the once formed hole or groove As a result of melting, it is considered that the inner wall surface of the trunk hole 32 is melted to form the branch hole 33, and the branch hole 33 is further extended to form the tunnel connection path 50.
When a pulse laser is used instead of the continuous wave laser, an open hole or a groove is formed in the roughened target portion of the metal molded body, but an internal space having no opening, and the open hole And a connection passage connecting the inner space and the inner space are not formed.

The method for roughening a metal molded body according to the present invention comprises, in the step of continuously irradiating the surface to be roughened 12 of the metal molded body with a laser beam, metal per unit area in one scan determined from the following formula The laser beam can be continuously irradiated so that the energy density E2 (J / μm ² ), which is the amount of energy given to the above, is in the range of 1 × 10 ⁻⁷ ≦ E 2 ≦ 4 × 10 ⁻⁵ .
In the method of roughening a metal molded product according to the present invention, the energy density E3 (J / μm ² ), which is the energy integration amount given to metal per unit area in one or more scans, is 5 × By ^performing laser irradiation so as to be in the range of 10 ⁻⁷ ≦ E 3 ≦ 8 × 10 ⁻⁴ , it is possible to control the cross-sectional shape in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of one line (groove).
E2 = (output [W]) / (spot diameter [μm] × irradiation speed [mm / sec] × 1000)
E3 = E2 × number of passes (wherein
The output (W) is 20 to 950 W,
The spot diameter (μm) is 5 to 100 μm,
The irradiation speed of the continuous wave laser is 2,000 to 15,000 mm / sec,
The number of passes is 5 to 20. )

The surface roughening method for a metal molded body according to the present invention is a step of continuously irradiating a laser beam to the surface to be roughened 12 of the metal molded body by adjusting the integrated energy density E3 to form one line (groove). The cross-sectional shape of the method orthogonal to the longitudinal direction includes the following cross-sectional shapes (a) to (d), and among the total number of cross-sectional shapes of (a) to (d), (B) The total number of independent holes can be controlled to be 50% or more.
Among the total number of cross-sectional shapes of (a) to (d), the total number of (a) keyhole grooves and (b) independent holes is preferably 60% or more, and more preferably 70% or more Preferably, it is 75% or more.
Further, of the total number of the cross-sectional shapes of (a) to (d), the number of (a) keyhole grooves is preferably 20% or more, and more preferably 30% or more.
By adjusting the proportions of the cross-sectional shapes of (a) to (d) in this manner, it is possible to control so as to be in a roughened state according to the application.
Each ratio of the cross-sectional shape of (a)-(d) can be calculated | required by the measuring method as described in an Example.

(A) Keyhole Grooves FIGS. 10A and 11A show grooves (keyhole grooves) 201 having a cross-sectional shape formed on the surface to be roughened 12 that is similar to a keyhole. Opening width D1, the first internal width D2, the magnitude relation of the second internal width D3 is not limited to the relationship of FIG. 10 shows in (a) D1 = D2 <D3 . The first inner width D2 is the width of the depth position near the middle, and is the width of the portion where the groove width is minimum or maximum.
The second inner width D3 is a width from the first inner width D2 to the bottom surface, and when the first inner width D2 is the maximum value of the groove width, the relationship of D2> D3 is obtained, and the first inner width D2 is When the diameter is the minimum, the relationship of D3> D2 is established.
The magnitude relation between the opening width D1, the first inner width D2 and the second inner width D3 is D1>D3> D2 shown in FIG. 12 (a) and D2 shown in FIG. 12 (b) in addition to D1 = D2 <D3. Any one selected from >D3> D1 and D3>D1> D2 shown in FIG. 12 (c) may be satisfied. However, D1 = D2 = D3 is not included.

(B) Independent Holes FIG. 10 (b) shows the apparently independent holes (independent holes) 202 formed on the surface to be roughened 12.
As shown in FIG. 11 (b), the independent holes 202 are thermally melted at one end or both ends of the side wall of the groove formed on the surface to be roughened 12 and projected in the width direction, so that the bridge is bridged. It has a structure like that of the above (a structure like a lid).
FIG.10 (b) is sectional drawing from the arrow direction of the position shown with a continuous line in FIG.11 (b).

(C) W-Shaped Groove In FIG. 10C, the W-shaped groove (W-shaped groove) 203 formed on the surface to be roughened 12 is W-shaped.
As shown in FIGS. 11 (b) and 12 (d), the W-shaped groove has a structure in which a protrusion 211 formed by heat melting the bottom or the bottom and the side wall protrudes in the length direction of the groove. The cross-sectional shape including the protrusion is W-shaped.
FIG.10 (c) is sectional drawing from the arrow direction of the position shown with a continuous line in FIG.11 (c) and FIG.12 (d).

(D) V-shaped groove FIG. 10D and FIG. 11D show a groove (V-shaped groove) 204 having a V-shaped cross section formed on the surface 12 to be roughened. The opening diameter (D11) is the largest, and the internal diameter D12 is smaller than the opening diameter D11.

The roughening method of the present invention can be used as an alternative to sandblasting or pulsed laser etching.
The roughening method of the present invention can be used not only on the surface of the metal formed having a shape that can not be sufficiently roughened by sand blasting, but also on the surface thereof or masking is not necessary when roughening. become.
The surface roughening method of the metal molded body of the present invention can be applied not only to anti-slip processing and matte processing (antireflection processing) of a metal molded body but also to processing for improving touch feeling.
The surface roughening method of the present invention can also be roughened by dispersing and forming desired letters, numbers, figures, patterns, patterns, trademarks, names, names or combinations thereof. In addition to the effects of the above processing, it is possible to further impart an aesthetic beauty.
When the porous structure as described above (as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9) is formed on the surface layer portion by applying the surface roughening method of the metal molded body of the present invention, a pressure sensitive adhesive with low viscosity is applied. Since the adhesive surface can be made to have adhesive strength for a long time by being intruded and held in the porous structure portion, the surface has fine unevenness, so that the adhered one is easy to peel off.
When the porous structure as described above (as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9) is formed in the surface layer portion by applying the surface roughening method of the metal molded body of the present invention, water and various organic substances are formed in the porous structure portion. It is possible to evaporate water and various organic solvents little by little while holding a solvent, an aqueous solution or organic solvent solution containing various drugs, an aqueous solution containing various flavors or organic solvent solution, etc. It is possible to gradually release the pharmaceutically active ingredient (for example, a pharmaceutically active ingredient that is volatile at room temperature), the perfume (for example, a perfume that is volatile at room temperature).

Examples 1 to 6, Comparative Examples 1 to 3
In Examples and Comparative Examples, laser light is continuously applied under the conditions shown in Table 1 to the entire surface (40 mm ² wide area) of the roughened target portion 12 of the metal molded body (aluminum: A5052) shown in FIG. Irradiated.
In Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the laser light was continuously irradiated as shown in FIG. 4, and in Example 6, the laser light was continuously irradiated as shown in FIG. 5.

FIG. 14 is a SEM photograph (100 ×, 500 ×, 700 ×, 2500 ×) of the roughened target portion of the metal molded product after continuous irradiation with the continuous wave laser of Example 1. It was confirmed that the surface to be roughened was roughened to form small recesses.
FIG. 15 is a SEM photograph (100 ×, 500 ×) of the roughened target portion of the metal molded product after continuous irradiation with the continuous wave laser of Example 2. It was confirmed that the surface to be roughened was roughened to form small recesses.
FIG. 16 is a SEM photograph (100 ×, 500 ×) of the roughened target portion of the metal molded product after continuous irradiation with the continuous wave laser in Example 3. It was confirmed that the surface to be roughened was roughened to form small recesses.
FIG. 17: is a SEM photograph (It is 100 times and 500 times) of a roughening object part of a metal forming object after continuous irradiation by continuous wave laser of Example 4. It was confirmed that the surface to be roughened was roughened to form small recesses.
FIG. 18 is a SEM photograph (100 ×, 500 ×) of the roughened target portion of the metal molded product after continuous irradiation with the continuous wave laser in Example 5. It was confirmed that the surface to be roughened was roughened to form small recesses.
FIG. 19 is a SEM photograph (100 ×, 500 ×) of the roughened target portion of the metal molded product after continuous irradiation with the continuous wave laser in Example 6. It was confirmed that the surface to be roughened was roughened to form small recesses.
FIG. 20: is a SEM photograph (it is 100 times and 500 times) of a roughening object part of a metal forming object after continuous irradiation by continuous wave laser of comparative example 2. Since the irradiation rate is 1000 mm / sec, the surface to be roughened was not sufficiently roughened.

As can be confirmed from the comparison between Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Example 1, the use of the continuous wave laser can greatly reduce the processing time as compared with the case of using the pulse wave laser.
Considering mass production on an industrial scale, the industrial value by which processing time can be shortened, that is, energy required for production can be reduced, is very large.

Examples 7 to 9 and Comparative Examples 4 to 6
In Examples and Comparative Examples, laser light is continuously applied under the conditions shown in Table 2 to the entire surface (90 mm ² wide area) of the roughened target portion 12 of the metal molded body (aluminum: A5052) shown in FIG. Irradiated.

  As can be confirmed from the comparison between Examples 7 to 9 and Comparative Example 4, the use of the continuous wave laser made it possible to greatly reduce the processing time as compared with the case of using the pulse wave laser.

Examples 10-15, Comparative Examples 7-9
In the example and the comparative example, the laser is continuously irradiated under the conditions shown in Table 3 to the entire surface (40 mm ² wide area) of the roughened object portion 12 of the metal molded body (aluminum: A5052) shown in FIG. did.
In Examples 10 to 14 and Comparative Examples 8 and 9, the laser beam is continuously irradiated as shown in FIG. 4, and in Example 15, the laser beam is continuously irradiated as shown in FIG. 5, and Comparative Example 7 is shown in FIG. It was irradiated with laser light.

In Examples 10 to 15, since the metal molded body 10 is continuously irradiated with the laser light in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 6 to the surface roughening target portion 12, the rough surface of the metal molded body 10 is obtained. The surface of the conversion target portion 12 is the same as the SEM photographs (FIGS. 14 to 19) shown in Examples 1 to 6, respectively.
As can be confirmed from the comparison between Examples 10 to 15 and Comparative Example 7, the use of the continuous wave laser can greatly reduce the processing time as compared with the case where the pulse wave laser is used.

Next, using the treated metal molded body, it was compression molded by the following method to obtain a composite molded body. By using a composite molded body, the cross-sectional structure (porous structure) in the thickness direction of the roughened surface can be easily confirmed.
<Compression molding>
The metal molded body 10 was placed in the mold (made of Teflon) so that the roughening target portion 12 was on the top, and the resin pellet was added onto the roughening target portion 12. Thereafter, the mold was sandwiched by an iron plate and compressed under the following conditions to obtain a composite molded body shown in FIG.
Resin pellet: PA66 resin (2015 B, manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd.)
Temperature: 285 ° C
Pressure: 1MPa (during preheating), 10MPa
Time: 2 minutes (during preheating), 3 minutes Molding machine: Toyo Seiki Seisakusho compressor (mini test press-10)

[Method of observing the inner space]
The presence or absence of the internal space which does not have an opening was confirmed. The method is shown below.
In the joint including the roughening target 12 of the composite molded body, three sections are randomly cut in the direction perpendicular to the laser irradiation direction (the AA, BB, and CC directions in FIG. 7), and the cross section of each surface layer Were observed randomly at three points with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
When the presence or absence of the internal space could be confirmed in the SEM observation photograph (500 times), the number was counted. In addition, the thing whose largest diameter of internal space is 10 micrometers or less was excluded.
The number of internal spaces (average value at nine places) is shown (Table 3).
In addition, the internal space was analyzed by micro area X-ray analysis (EDX), and it was confirmed that the resin penetrated to the internal space.
SEM: Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation S-3400N
EDX Analyzer: Ametech (formerly Edax Japan) Apollo XP
In addition, it can be confirmed that the resin has penetrated to the internal space even by using a microscopic laser Raman spectrometer.

FIG. 24 is a SEM photograph of a cross section in a thickness direction of a composite molded body of Example 10 (cross sectional views of A to C in FIG. 7).
The portion that looks relatively white is the metal molded body 10, and the portion that looks relatively black is the resin molded body 20.
From FIG. 24, a plurality of holes formed in the thickness direction and a plurality of independent spaces can be confirmed, and since they all appear black, it can be confirmed that the resin has penetrated.
A hole formed in the thickness direction is recognized as a hole corresponding to the trunk hole 32 of the open hole 30.
It is recognized that the independent space is a cross section of the branch hole 33 extended from the inner wall surface of the trunk hole 32 in a direction different from the formation direction of the trunk hole 32 or the inner space 40.
And, assuming that it is the internal space 40, it is considered that the resin is intruding into the inside, so that it is connected to the open hole 30 by the tunnel connection path 50.

FIG. 25 is a SEM photograph of a cross section in a thickness direction of a composite molded body of Example 11 (cross sectional views of A to C in FIG. 7).
The portion that looks relatively white is the metal molded body 10, and the portion that looks relatively black is the resin molded body 20.
From FIG. 25, it is possible to confirm a plurality of holes formed in the thickness direction and a plurality of independent spaces, and since they all appear black, it can be confirmed that the resin has penetrated.
A hole formed in the thickness direction is recognized as a hole corresponding to the trunk hole 32 of the open hole 30.
It is recognized that the independent space is a cross section of the branch hole 33 extended from the inner wall surface of the trunk hole 32 in a direction different from the formation direction of the trunk hole 32 or the inner space 40.
And, assuming that it is the internal space 40, it is considered that the resin is intruding into the inside, so that it is connected to the open hole 30 by the tunnel connection path 50.

FIG. 26 is a SEM photograph of a cross section in a thickness direction of a composite molded body of Example 12 (cross sectional views of A to C in FIG. 7).
From FIG. 26, a plurality of holes formed in the thickness direction and a plurality of independent spaces can be confirmed, and since they all appear black, it can be confirmed that the resin has penetrated.
A hole formed in the thickness direction is recognized as a hole corresponding to the trunk hole 32 of the open hole 30.
It is recognized that the independent space is a cross section of the branch hole 33 extended from the inner wall surface of the trunk hole 32 in a direction different from the formation direction of the trunk hole 32 or the inner space 40.
And, assuming that it is the internal space 40, it is considered that the resin is intruding into the inside, so that it is connected to the open hole 30 by the tunnel connection path 50.

27 is a SEM photograph of a cross section in a thickness direction of a composite molded body of Example 15. FIG.
The portion that looks relatively white is the metal molded body 10, and the portion that looks relatively black is the resin molded body 20.
It can be confirmed that a large number of open holes 30 are formed in the metal molded body 10.

Examples 19 to 21
The laser was continuously irradiated under the conditions shown in Table 4 on the entire surface (40 mm ² wide area) of the roughened target portion 12 of the metal molded body (metal shown in Table 4) shown in FIG. The laser light was continuously irradiated as shown in FIG.
Next, compression molding was carried out in the same manner as in Examples 10 to 15 using the treated metal molded body to obtain a composite molded body. By using a composite molded body, the cross-sectional structure (porous structure) in the thickness direction of the roughened surface can be easily confirmed.
The tensile test and the observation method of the inner space were performed in the same manner as in Examples 10-15.

FIG. 28: is a SEM photograph (It is 100 times and 500 times) of the roughening object part of a metal forming object after continuous irradiation by continuous wave laser of Example 16. It was confirmed that the surface to be roughened was roughened to form small recesses.
FIG. 29 is a SEM photograph of a cross section in a thickness direction of a composite molded body of Example 16 (cross sectional views of A to C in FIG. 7).
FIG. 30: is a SEM photograph (It is 100 times and 500 times) of the roughening object part of the metal forming object after continuous irradiation by the continuous wave laser of Example 17. It was confirmed that the surface to be roughened was roughened to form small recesses.
FIG. 31 is a SEM photograph (100 ×, 500 ×) of the roughened target portion of the metal molded product after continuous irradiation with the continuous wave laser in Example 21. It was confirmed that the surface to be roughened was roughened to form small recesses.

Experimental Example 1
The relationship between the energy density and the groove depth when the aluminum plate surface was irradiated with a laser (FIG. 32) and the relationship between the energy density and the groove width (FIG. 33) were tested in the same manner as Example 1.
As a result, a clear difference was observed around the energy density of 0.2 W / μm ² .

Examples 22 to 35
In the same manner as in Example 7-9 (Table 2), the metal molded body shown in FIG. 21 (wide range of 90 mm ²⁾ over the entire surface roughening target portion 12 of (metal shown in Table 5), the table The laser beam was continuously irradiated under the conditions shown in 5.

Examples 36 to 42
In the same manner as in Example 7-9 (Table 2), the metal molded body shown in FIG. 21 (wide range of 90 mm ²⁾ over the entire surface roughening target portion 12 of (metal shown in Table 6), the table The laser beam was continuously irradiated under the conditions shown in 6.

Example 43
A 30 mm × 30 mm × 3 mm aluminum (A5052) plate is placed on a steel plate (330 × 400 × 12 mm), and continuous to the range of 20 × 6 mm of the exposed surface of the aluminum plate under the laser irradiation conditions shown in Table 3. Irradiated.
Under the laser irradiation conditions shown in Table 3, E2 is 2.5 × 10 ⁻⁶ (J / μm ² ).
The range of E3 is
The lower limit value is (274 W × 1 time) / (11 μm × 10000 mm / sec × 1000) = 2.5 × 10 ⁻⁶ (J / μm ² ),
The upper limit value is (274 W) × 20 times) / (11 μm × 10000 mm / sec × 1000) = 5.0 × 10 ⁻⁵ (J / μm ² )
Range.
FIG. 34 shows a SEM photograph of the surface of a metal formed product (aluminum plate) after laser irradiation in which the number of passes (the number of repetitions) in Example 43 is different.
FIG. 35 is a diagram showing the surface state of the 20 passes of FIG. 34 by image processing. Also from FIGS. 34 and 35, it can be confirmed that the cross-sectional shapes in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the groove are different.

Next, with respect to the roughened surface after laser irradiation of Example 43, as shown in FIG. 36, X-ray still images of the cross-sectional shape from the direction (direction of the arrow) orthogonal to the groove length method. Was taken. As for the X-ray still images, 10 sheets were taken at intervals of width 0.21 mm.
FIGS. 37 to 39 show a total of ten X-ray still images of five passes in FIGS. 37 to 39, and a total of ten X-ray still images of ten passes in FIGS. Ten X-ray still images were shown.
From the ten X-ray still images for each pass, the numbers of each keyhole groove 201, independent hole 202, W-shaped groove 203, V-shaped groove 204 are all measured, and the ratio (%) in the total number is determined The The results are shown in Table 7.
The opening ratio is the ratio (%) of the area of the opening of each hole in the area of 2.1 mm × 2.1 mm.

<X-ray imaging conditions>
X-ray CT: MicroXCT-400 (manufactured by Xradia)
Measurement magnification: 10 times (resolution 2.5 μm)
Measurement area: 2.1 x 2.1 x 2.1 mm

As shown in Table 8, the ratio of the cross-sectional shape of (a) to (d) changes as the total amount of energy density E2 increases or decreases, and the keyhole of (a) is obtained when the number of passes is 5 to 20. It was confirmed that the total ratio of the grooves and the independent holes in (b) was high.
When the total proportion of the keyhole groove of (a) and the independent hole of (b) is high in the surface layer portion of the metal molded body, for example, the invention described in the claim of WO 2014/156989 As described above, when a composite molded body of a metal molded body and a resin molded body is manufactured, the bonding strength between the metal molded body and the resin molded body can be enhanced.

  100, 120, 130 metal moldings

Claims (6)

The surface layer portion of the roughening target portion is formed into a porous structure by continuously irradiating the roughened target portion of the metal molded body with laser light at an irradiation speed of 2000 mm / sec or more using a continuous wave laser. Have a process to
The porous structure formed in the surface layer portion of the roughening target portion is formed in the thickness direction and in a direction different from the trunk hole having an opening on the surface side and the inner wall surface of the trunk hole With an open hole consisting of
The surface-roughened part of the said surface-roughening object part is a surface-roughening method of the metal molded object which is a 50-500 micrometers depth range to the depth of the open hole from the surface of a metal molded object. The surface layer portion of the roughening target portion is formed into a porous structure by continuously irradiating the roughened target portion of the metal molded body with laser light at an irradiation speed of 2000 mm / sec or more using a continuous wave laser. Have a process to
The porous structure formed in the surface layer portion of the roughening target portion is formed in the thickness direction and in a direction different from the trunk hole having an opening on the surface side and the inner wall surface of the trunk hole And an internal space formed in the thickness direction and having no opening on the surface side, and further comprising a tunnel connection path connecting the open hole and the internal space. And have
The surface-roughened part of the said surface-roughening object part is a surface-roughening method of the metal molded object which is a 50-500 micrometers depth range to the depth of the open hole from the surface of a metal molded object. The step of continuously irradiating the laser beam is
The irradiation speed of the continuous wave laser is 2,000 to 15,000 mm / sec,
The laser output is 250 to 2000 W, the laser beam diameter (spot diameter) is 10 to 100 μm,
The laser power and spot area energy density obtained from ([pi · [spot diameter / 2] ^{2) E1 (W / μm 2} ) is continuously irradiated with the laser beam to be in the range of 0.2～10W / [mu] m ² The method of roughening a metal formed body according to claim 1 or 2, which is a step. The step of continuously irradiating the laser beam is
The output (W) is 20 to 950 W,
When the irradiation speed of the continuous wave laser is 2,000 to 15,000 mm / sec
The energy density E2 (J / μm ² ), which is the amount of energy given to the metal per unit area in one scan, determined from the following equation is in the range of 1 × 10 ⁻⁷ ≦ E 2 ≦ 4 × 10 ⁻⁵ The surface roughening method of the metal molded object according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step of
E2 = (output [W]) / (spot diameter [μm] × irradiation speed [mm / sec] × 1000) The step of continuously irradiating the laser beam is
The output (W) is 20 to 950 W,
The irradiation speed of the continuous wave laser is 2,000 to 15,000 mm / sec,
When the number of passes is 5 to 20,
The energy density E3 (J / μm ² ), which is the integrated energy amount given to the metal per unit area in one or more scans, obtained from the following equation is in the range of 5 × 10 ⁻⁷ ≦ E 3 ≦ 8 × 10 ⁻⁴ The surface roughening method of the metal molded object of Claim 1 or 2 which controls the cross-sectional shape of the direction orthogonal to the length direction of one line (groove) by irradiating with a laser so that it may become.
E3 = E2 × number of passes
[Wherein, E2 = (output [W]) / (spot diameter [μm] × irradiation speed [mm / sec] × 1000)] By setting the integrated energy density E3 in a predetermined range, the cross-sectional shape of the method orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of one line (groove) includes the cross-sectional shapes of the following (a) to (d): The metal molding according to claim 5, wherein the total number of (a) keyhole grooves and (b) independent holes is controlled to be 50% or more among the total number of the cross-sectional shapes of a) to (d). How to level .
(A) Keyhole groove The magnitude relation between the opening width D1, the first inner width D2 and the second inner width D3 is D1 = D2 <D3, D1>D3> D2, D2>D3> D1 and D3>D1> D2 A cross-sectional shape portion satisfying any one selected from (wherein D1 = D2 = D3 is not included)
(B) Independent hole Although it is apparently an independent hole, one side or both sides of the side wall of the groove is thermally melted and projected in the width direction, and a bridge is bridged over the opening so that the lid is closed. What is it?
(C) W-shaped groove A protrusion formed by heat melting the bottom or bottom portion of the groove and the side wall portion is a structure in which the protrusion is protruded in the longitudinal direction of the groove, and the cross-sectional shape including the protrusion is W-shaped.
(D) V-shaped groove A groove having a V-shaped cross section.