JP6514735B2 - POWER GENERATION SYSTEM AND POWER GENERATION METHOD - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generation system and a power generation method.

In recent years, global warming countermeasures on a global scale are urgently needed, and renewable energy such as fuel cells that do not emit CO ₂ and natural energy such as sunlight and wind are used as energy to replace fossil energy such as oil and natural gas. Attention has been paid.

  Renewable energy needs to create a source of energy and has advantages over natural energy. Solar power generation is one of the power generation using natural energy, but this solar power generation is a steady power supply source because it generates electricity in the daytime and in an environment where sunlight is not blocked by clouds etc. Lack stability.

  In addition to solar power, there is also wind power, but it can not be used as a power base either, because the amount of power generation fluctuates day and night regardless of the natural wind (wind speed and direction). is the current situation.

  Therefore, it is conceivable to generate power by combining these different types of natural energy, but each power generation has not only the advantage that no fuel is needed, but also the variation factor of power generation including the mechanism of power generation, so It is a future subject whether to plan the interconnection operation.

JP, 2016-96151, A

  In general, photovoltaic power generation reaches its maximum, ie, peak, after noon during the daytime, but in the combined power generation of this photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation, the photovoltaic power generation output has enough power, so this photovoltaic power generation If the peak of and the peak of wind power overlap, the total power generation may exceed the specified output (upper limit), but this should be prevented as it affects the power supply destination.

  In addition, since the control characteristics (rising characteristics / falling characteristics) from generation to control of power generation follow each other are different, interconnected generation generation control is difficult, and in an operation where the upper limit is not exceeded, It is expected that the efficiency will be reduced.

  The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and its object is to provide a power generation system and a power generation method capable of efficiently generating power by combining natural energy.

The power generation system according to the present invention includes a first power generation facility that uses natural energy, and a second power generation facility that uses natural energy that differs from the first power generation facility in control characteristics from generation of a control command until generation of power follows. A first power detector that detects power generated by the first power generation facility, and a power generation system that detects power generated by the second power generation facility. and 2 power detector, a memory for storing a threshold that defines output limit of the power, the control condition including the target value of the power generation amount of the first power plant and the second power generation equipment in the interconnection node, the first the power detected respectively by first power detector and the second power detector and sampled at a predetermined period, and a moving average of the measurement values of the moving average and the second power plant of the measurement values of the first power plant A moving average calculation unit calculating respectively, said Yuki by moving average of the first power plant of the measurement value is lowered and when it falls below the target value of the power generation amount of the first power plant, the second power plant And a control unit configured to perform control to set a target value of the second power generation facility in a direction in which the measurement value increases.

The power generation method according to the present invention includes: a first power generation facility using natural energy; and a second power generation facility using natural energy different from the first power generation facility in control characteristics from when the control command is issued until when the power generation follows. In the power generation method in the power generation system in which the power generated by the first power generation facility is detected by a first power detector, and the power generated by the second power generation facility is detected. detected by the second power detector, and stores the control condition including the target value of the grid interconnection threshold that defines the output upper limit of the power at point, the first power generation facility and the power generation amount of the second power plant, the the power detected respectively by the first power detector and the second power detector and sampled at a predetermined period, the movement of the measurement values of the moving average and the second power plant of the measurement values of the first power generating facilities Rights Preparative respectively calculated moving average of the measurement values of the first power plant so on are lowered, if it falls below the target value of the power generation amount of the first power plant, the measurement value of the second power plant is increased Control is performed to set a target value of the second power generation facility in a direction.

  According to the present invention, natural energy can be combined to efficiently generate power.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the structure of the reenergy cross electric power generation system of one Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of a re-energy cross electric power generation system. It is a graph which shows operation | movement of a re-energy cross electric power generation system. It is a graph which shows the change of the control characteristic at the time of sunlight output increase. It is a graph which shows the change of the control characteristic at the time of sunlight output fall.

  Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a view showing the configuration of a renewable energy (solar / wind power) / intergeneration system (hereinafter referred to as “re-energy cross generation system”) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the reenergy cross power generation system of this embodiment includes a photovoltaic power generation facility 10 as a first natural energy generation unit, and a wind power generation facility 20 as a second natural energy generation unit. Equipped with

  The solar power generation facility 10 includes a solar panel 11 (hereinafter referred to as “PV 11”) and a power conditioner system 12 (hereinafter referred to as “PCS 12”).

  The PV 11 receives sunlight to generate power. One of the PVs 11 is, for example, 500 kW, and a plurality of PVs (for example, 20) are connected in series and configured to generate 10,000 kW.

  The PCS 12 has a function of converting DC power of each PV 11 into AC power (a function of a DC / AC converter) and a control function of suppressing the amount of power generation of the PV 11.

  The PCS 12 suppresses the output for each PV 11 based on the control value Pvn received from the main controller 30. The configuration example of the solar power generation facility 10 shown here is an example, and a facility configuration with various amounts of power generation is possible.

  The wind power generation facility 20 includes a wind turbine generator 21 (hereinafter referred to as “WT 21”), a power conditioner system 22 (hereinafter referred to as “PCS 22”), and a wind turbine controller 23.

  The WT 21 generates power by rotation of a wind turbine. In this example, two WTs 21 are added to the existing solar power generation facility 10, thereby enhancing the facility. One WT 21 is, for example, 3200 kW, and two WTs 21 have the ability to generate 6400 kW.

  The PCS 22 has a function of transforming the power of each WT 21 (AC / AC conversion function) and a control function of controlling (increasing or decreasing) the amount of power generation by changing the angle and direction of the blades of the WT 21.

  The wind turbine controller 23 has a share value calculation unit 24. The share value calculation unit 24 receives the control value from the main controller 30, calculates the share value of each of the two WTs 21, and outputs an output instruction value to each PCS 22 based on the calculated share value for each WT 21. Output The configuration example of the wind power generation facility 20 shown here is an example, and the facility configuration with various amounts of power generation is possible.

  Moreover, this re-energy cross power generation system includes a switch (not shown), a transformer 51, an instrument transformer 13 as a first power detector, and a second power detection on a transmission line connecting the power systems of each other. And an instrument transformer 52 as a third power detector. The instrument transformers include CT (Current Transformer) and VT (Voltage Transformer).

  The instrument transformer 13 detects power such as voltage and current generated by the solar power generation facility 10. The instrument transformer 25 detects power such as voltage and current generated by the wind power generation facility 20. The instrument transformer 52 detects power such as voltage and current at the connection point of these power generation facilities.

  Furthermore, this re-energy cross power generation system includes a main controller 30 as a control unit that outputs a command (control signal) to interconnect and operate the facilities of each other. The main controller 30 includes a memory 31, moving average calculation units 32 to 34, a subtractor 35, a command control unit 36, a solar power generation command generation unit 37, a wind power generation command generation unit 38, adders 39 and 40, and a command conversion unit 41. Etc.

  The memory 31 stores the control value of each power facility including the measurement value of each power, the value of the moving average calculated from the measurement value, and the upper limit value of the power of the interconnection point.

  The control conditions are, for example, the upper limit value of the power of the interconnection point (for example, 10000 kW: power plant facility rating), the control value range of each facility of each solar light and wind power (for example, 0 to 10000 kW for solar light, 0 to 6400 kW for wind power Control width in ascending and descending directions (for example, 1 step is 100 kW, and may be 2 steps or 3 steps), control cycle (1 to 600 seconds: initial value is 30 seconds), for control value adjustment The constant n, the target value, the range, and the like. The control value and the target value constantly fluctuate in the calculation result.

  The main controller 30 controls the photovoltaic power generation system so that the transition of the moving average of each power calculated by the moving average calculation units 32-34 does not exceed the upper limit value set in advance in the memory 31. The power generation amounts of 10 and the wind power generation facility 20 are distributed, and each of the power installations 10 and 20 is controlled.

The moving average calculation units 32-34 sample the power detected by each of the instrument transformers 13, 25 and 52 at a predetermined cycle, and move each power together with the measured values already stored in the memory 31. The average is newly calculated each time and stored (updated) in the memory 31.

  The subtractor 35 generates the interconnection point correction component by taking the difference between the moving average value of the electric power Pg of the interconnection point and the upper limit value of the memory 31 (10000 kW: power plant facility rating) by the moving average calculation unit 32 It outputs to the command control unit 36.

  The command control unit 36 measures the measured values (measured values) of the power commands generated by the solar power generation command generating unit 37 and the wind power generation command generating unit 38 and the power detected by each instrument transformer and the target values at that time. And determine the output timing and correction value of the power command based on the control to increase or decrease the amount of power generation of the solar power generation facility 10 and the wind power generation facility 20.

  The command control unit 36 sets a target value of wind power generation assuming in advance that the decrease or increase of the power generation of the wind power generation facility 20 is delayed in a phase where the power generation of the solar power generation facility 10 rises or falls. The wind power generation facility 20 is controlled.

  The command control unit 36 performs cutoff control so that the power exceeding the upper limit value is not output to the supply destination when the detected power Pg at the connection point is predicted to exceed the upper limit value.

  In addition, for example, the command control unit 36 controls power generation with priority given to the solar power generation facility 10 and compensates for the shortfall obtained by subtracting the generated power of the solar power generation facility 10 from the upper limit value with the power generation amount of the wind power generation facility 20 Do.

  The command control unit 36 outputs a correction value to be added or subtracted to each power command of solar power generation and wind power generation from the input connection point correction component and the moving average value of the measured values Ppv and Pwt of each power facility. The correction value is for correcting the control error and the transformer loss, and for correcting the portion which does not reach the upper limit 10000 kW.

  The command control unit 36 measures the interconnection point based on the measurement value Pg of the interconnection point and the upper limit value (10000 kW) stored in the memory 31 to correct errors in measurement, control, transformer, etc. The correction value is calculated so that the value Pg becomes the power generation target value. That is, the command control unit 36 functions as a correction unit that corrects the detected power Pg of the interconnection point so that it becomes a target value of the interconnection point set in advance.

  The photovoltaic power generation command generation unit 37 generates a new power generation upper limit command (based on the moving average value of the power (measured value Ppv) calculated by the moving average calculation unit 32 and the target value PVsv stored in the memory 31 0 to 10000 kW) is generated and output to the adder 39. The addition unit 39 outputs the result obtained by adding the correction value to the command conversion unit 41 as a command value (control value Pvn).

  The wind power generation command generation unit 38 generates a new generated power upper limit command (0 based on the moving average value of the electric power (measured value Pwt) calculated by the moving average calculation unit 32 and the target value WTsv stored in the memory 31. To 6400 kW) and output to the adder 40. The addition unit 40 outputs the result obtained by adding the correction value to the command conversion unit 41.

  The command conversion unit 41 includes a limiter circuit 42 and a ratio conversion unit 43 on the solar power generation facility 10 side, a limiter circuit 44 on the wind power generation facility 20 side, and a ratio conversion unit 45. The limiter circuit 42 limits the solar light output target value PVsv to be output to the range of the lower limit (3600 kW) and the upper limit (100000 kW).

  The ratio conversion unit 43 converts the amount of power into a ratio as a target value. That is, the limiter circuit 42 and the ratio conversion unit 43 set the power command (0 to 10000 kW) input from the solar power generation command generation unit 37 as a ratio (36 to 100%) to the total power generation amount on the solar power generation facility 10 side. Convert and output.

  Similarly, the limiter circuit 44 limits the upper limit (6400 kW) of the wind power generation output target value WTsv (total power generation amount of the wind power generation facility 20) to be output. That is, limiter circuit 44 and ratio conversion unit 45 convert the power command (0 to 6400 kW) input from wind power generation command generation unit 38 into a ratio (0 to 100%) to the total power generation amount on wind power generation facility 20 side. Output.

Hereinafter, the operation of the hybrid power generation system of this embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 2 and the graph of FIG.
In the case of the renewable energy generation system of this embodiment, the main controller 30 constantly monitors the power (measured values Pg, Ppv, Pwt) detected by the instrument transformers 13, 25, 52, It samples every fixed time and stores it in the memory 31 (step S101 in FIG. 2).

  Under the present circumstances, moving average operation parts 32-34 read each electric power (measurement value) memorized by memory 31, add newly detected electric power value, and calculate moving average, and the data of memory 31 are calculated. It updates (step S102).

  The command control unit 36 reads out the target values PVsv and WTsv of the outputs of the solar light and the wind power from the memory 31, adds them, and adds that the total value (Vsv + WTsv) added does not exceed the output upper limit (10000 kW). Confirm (symbol 71 in FIG. 3).

  Subsequently, the command control unit 36 reads out the measured values Ppv and Pwt of the sunlight and the wind respectively from the memory 31, adds them, and compares the total value (Ppv + Pwt) and the output upper limit (10000 kW). When it is predicted that the total value (Ppv + Pwt) exceeds the output upper limit (10000 kW) (No in S103), a part of the switch of each facility (figure not to exceed the output upper limit (10000 kW) Peak cut control is performed by releasing the load (not shown) or switching the load (S104).

  Subsequently, the command control unit 36 checks whether or not the measured value Ppv of solar power generation is lower than the lower limit value (3600 kW) within the range of the solar power output target value PVsv (S105).

  As a result of this confirmation, as indicated by reference numeral 72 in FIG. 3, when the measured value Ppv of photovoltaic power generation falls below the lower limit value (3600 kW), the solar power output target value PVsv is “3600 kW”, and the wind power output target value WTsv Are set to “6400 kW” (step S106: fixed target value).

  Further, based on the moving average read from the memory 31, the command control unit 36 confirms whether the measured value Ppv of the actual solar power generation is in an upward trend or a downward trend (step S107).

  As a result of this confirmation, when the measured value Ppv of the photovoltaic power generation tends to rise (rise in step S107) and the measured value Ppv exceeds the control value Pvn (Yes in step S108), as shown by reference numeral 73 in FIG. Then, control is performed to lower the wind power output target value WTsv by a predetermined control width so as to lower the measured value Pwt of the wind power generation (step S109, symbol 73 in FIG. 3).

  Then, the command control unit 36 monitors the moving average of the measured value Pwt while confirming that the moving average of the measured value Pwt of the wind power generation actually falls, and the moving average of the measured value Pwt is the target value WTsv (Yes at step S110), the solar power output target value PVsv is set in the direction in which the measured value Ppv of the solar power generation rises (step S111, reference numeral 74 in FIG. 3).

  Note that, as indicated by reference numeral 75 in FIG. 3, it is assumed that the measured value Pwt of the wind power generation is lower than the wind power output target value WTsv.

  On the other hand, if the measured value Ppv of solar power generation starts to fall (if it becomes a downward trend) (decline of step S107) in the confirmation step of step S107, the command control unit 36 determines that the measured value Ppv of solar power is A sunlight output target value PVsv is set in the descending direction (step S112, reference numeral 76 in FIG. 3).

  Then, the command control unit 36 monitors the moving average of the measured value Ppv of solar power generation while confirming that the moving average of the measured value Ppv of solar power is actually falling, and moves the measured value Ppv When the average falls below the control value Pvn (Yes in step S113), control is performed to increase the wind power output target value WTsv by a predetermined control width so as to increase the measured value Pwt of wind power generation (step S114, FIG. 77).

  Note that the example of such an operation is an example, and it is also possible to change the operation in various ways by replacing each step, adding a new step, or deleting some steps. As long as the moving average of the measured value Ppv of photovoltaic power generation does not exceed 3600 kW due to the weather such as cloudy weather, the target value is fixed as in step S106.

  Subsequently, operations for determining the solar power output target value PVsv and the wind power output target value WTsv in this re-energy cross power generation system will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. First, the operation when the photovoltaic power generation output is rising will be described with reference to FIG.

(When solar power output rises)
When the photovoltaic power output rises, the command control unit 36 monitors and compares the measured value Ppv of the photovoltaic power generation with the control value Pvn of the photovoltaic power generation, the measured value Ppv of the photovoltaic power generation controls the control value Pvn. If exceeded (symbol 81 in FIG. 4), the target value WTsv of wind power generation is lowered (symbol 82 in FIG. 4). The control value Pvn is a value obtained by subtracting the constant n from the target value WTsv.

  Then, at the point 83 of FIG. 4, after confirming that the actual measured value Pwt of the wind power generation is less than the target value WTsv, the command control unit 36 raises the target value PVsv of the solar power generation (see FIG. 4 84).

  Thereafter, when the actual measured value Pwt of the wind power generation is equal to or higher than the target value WTsv at time 85 in FIG. 4, the command control unit 36 maintains the target value PVsv of the solar power generation as the previous value. (Symbol 86 in FIG. 4).

  Then, when it is confirmed that the actual measured value Pwt of the wind power generation has become less than the target value WTsv at time 87 in FIG. 4, the command control unit 36 is set to increase the target value PVsv of the solar power generation. (Symbol 88 in FIG. 4).

  In addition, the code | symbol WTsvmin is a control width | variety at the time of wind power generation fall, and the code | symbol PVsvman is a control width at the time of solar power generation rise. Thus, when the solar power generation output rises, the output on the wind power generation side is gradually lowered.

(When solar power output falls)
The command control unit 36 monitors and compares the measured value Ppv of the photovoltaic power generation with the control value Pvn of the photovoltaic power generation when the photovoltaic power output falls, and the measured value Ppv of the photovoltaic power generation controls the control value Pvn. If it falls below (symbol 91 in FIG. 5), the target value PVsv for photovoltaic power generation is decreased (symbol 92 in FIG. 5).

  After that, even when the reference numeral 93 in FIG. 5 indicates that the measured value Ppv of solar power generation is less than the control value Pvn, the command control unit 36 further lowers the target value PVsv of solar power generation (symbol of FIG. 5) 94).

  Then, when confirming that the measured value Ppv of the solar power generation is less than the control value Pvn, the command control unit 36 raises the target value WTsv of the wind power generation (symbol 95 in FIG. 5). In this way, when the solar power output falls, the output on the wind power generation side is gradually raised.

(effect)
As described above, according to the renewable energy cross power generation system of this embodiment, the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 and the wind power generation facility 20 are interconnected to set the upper limit value of the interconnection output, and the delay of the wind power generation is Determine the distribution and target value of photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation in consideration, and output the power command to facilities of photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation so that the target value is approached, thereby utilizing the features of each of the natural energy to generate power Equipment can be operated with high efficiency.

  That is, solar power generation and wind power are performed such that the transition of the moving average of each power of solar power generation and wind power generation satisfies control conditions (such as prioritizing solar power generation) within a range not exceeding the preset upper limit value. By allocating the amount of power generation with power generation and controlling each power facility, it is possible to combine natural energy and efficiently generate power.

Further, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
By determining the future target value and control value (electric power command) based on the transition of the moving average of the power of each power facility to be detected, it is possible to eliminate the detailed switching operation before and after the target value, thereby achieving leveling Control is possible.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described, this embodiment is shown as an example, and can be implemented in other various forms, and within the scope of the present invention, You can omit, replace, or change.

  Further, each component of the main controller 30 described in the above embodiment may be realized by a program installed in a storage such as a hard disk drive of a computer, and the above program may be a computer readable electronic medium: electronic media The computer may realize the functions of the present invention by causing the computer to read the program from the electronic medium. Examples of the electronic medium include a recording medium such as a CD-ROM, a flash memory, and a removable medium: removable media. Furthermore, the components may be distributed and stored in different computers connected via a network, and may be realized by communicating between the computers functioning the respective components.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Solar power generation equipment, 11 ... Solar panel, 12, 22 ... Power conditioning system (PCS), 13, 25, 52 ... Transformer for instruments, 20 ... Wind power generation facility, 21 ... Wind turbine generator, 23 ... Wind turbine Controller, 24: shared value calculation unit, 30: main controller, 31: memory, 32 to 34: moving average calculation unit, 35: subtractor, 36: command control unit, 37: photovoltaic power generation command generation unit, 38: wind power Power generation command generation unit, 39, 40 ... adder, 41 ... command conversion unit, 42, 44 ... limiter circuit, 43, 45 ... ratio conversion unit, 51 ... transformer.

Claims (6)

Connecting the first power generation facility that uses natural energy and the second power generation facility that uses natural energy that differs from the first power generation facility in the control characteristics from the issue of the control command to the follow up of power generation In the power generation system operated in conjunction with
A first power detector that detects power generated by the first power generation facility;
A second power detector that detects power generated by the second power generation facility;
A memory for storing control conditions including the target value of the grid interconnection threshold that defines the power output upper limit of the point, the first power generation facility and the power generation amount of the second power plant,
The power detected by each of the first power detector and the second power detector is sampled at a predetermined cycle, and a moving average of measured values of the first power generating facility and a moving average of measured values of the second power generating facility a moving average calculation unit which calculates bets respectively,
When the moving average of the measurement values of the first power generation facility falls and falls below the target value of the power generation amount of the first power generation facility, the second power generation proceeds in the direction in which the measurement value of the second power generation facility increases. What is claimed is: 1. A power generation system comprising: a control unit that performs control to set a target value of equipment. In a power generation system that connects a wind power generation facility that generates electric power by rotation of a wind turbine and a solar power generation facility that receives solar light to generate electric power at an interconnection point and outputs electric power generated by these power generation facilities to a supply destination
A first power detector that detects power generated by the solar power generation facility;
A second power detector that detects power generated by the wind power generation facility;
A memory storing control conditions including a threshold value for defining an output upper limit of electric power at the connection point, a target value of each power generation amount of the solar power generation facility, and the wind power generation facility;
The power detected by each of the first power detector and the second power detector is sampled at a predetermined cycle, and a moving average of measured values of the solar power generation facility and a moving average of measured values of the wind power generation facility a moving average calculation unit for calculating, respectively,
When the moving average of the measurement values of the wind power generation facility falls and falls below the target value of the power generation amount of the wind power generation facility, the solar power generation facility of the solar power generation facility increases And a control unit that performs control to set a target value. The control unit
Each of the measurement values of the first power generation facility and the second power generation facility, or the total value of the sum of the measurement values of the wind power generation facility and the photovoltaic power generation facility exceeds the threshold, The power generation system according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein control for cutting is performed by opening the switch. Connecting the first power generation facility that uses natural energy and the second power generation facility that uses natural energy that differs from the first power generation facility in the control characteristics from the issue of the control command to the follow up of power generation In the power generation method in the power generation system operating in conjunction,
The electric power generated by the first power generation facility is detected by a first electric power detector,
The electric power generated by the second power generation facility is detected by a second electric power detector,
Storing control condition including the target value of the grid interconnection threshold that defines the output upper limit of the power at point, the first power generation facility and the power generation amount of the second power plant,
The power detected by each of the first power detector and the second power detector is sampled at a predetermined cycle, and a moving average of measured values of the first power generating facility and a moving average of measured values of the second power generating facility theft were calculated respectively,
When the moving average of the measurement values of the first power generation facility falls and falls below the target value of the power generation amount of the first power generation facility, the second power generation proceeds in the direction in which the measurement value of the second power generation facility increases. A power generation method characterized by performing control to set a target value of equipment. A power generation system in a power generation system that connects a wind power generation facility that generates electricity by rotation of a wind turbine and a solar power generation facility that receives solar light to generate electricity at an interconnection point and outputs power generated by these power generation facilities to a supply destination In the method
Detecting power generated by the solar power generation facility;
Detecting the power generated by the wind power plant;
The memory stores control conditions including a threshold that defines an output upper limit of power at the interconnection point, target values of the respective power generation amounts of the solar power generation facility and the wind power generation facility in a memory.
The electric power detected by each of the solar power generation equipment and the wind power generation equipment is sampled at a predetermined cycle, and the moving average of the measurement values of the solar power generation equipment and the moving average of the measurement values of the wind power generation equipment are calculated. And
When the moving average of the measurement values of the wind power generation facility falls and falls below the target value of the power generation amount of the wind power generation facility, the solar power generation facility of the solar power generation facility increases A power generation method characterized by performing control to set a target value. Each of the measurement values of the first power generation facility and the second power generation facility, or the total value of the sum of the measurement values of the wind power generation facility and the photovoltaic power generation facility exceeds the threshold, The power generation method according to any one of claims 4 and 5, wherein control for cutting is performed by opening the switch.

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