JP6514968B2 - Washer and method of manufacturing washer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to the art of a washer formed in an arc shape.

  Conventionally, the art of the washer formed in the shape of a circular arc is known. For example, it is as described in Patent Document 1.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for assembling two circular washers (semi-circular shapes) two washers (washer members) and assembling them into a cylinder block. Such an arc-shaped washer can be manufactured by punching (pressing) a plate-like material with a predetermined die.

  FIG. 11 shows how a plurality of arc-shaped washers (thrust washers 90) are manufactured by punching out a single plate-shaped material 1 with a die. As shown in FIG. 11, a plurality of thrust washers 90 can be manufactured by punching out the material 1 many times while moving the material 1 in a fixed direction with respect to the mold. However, as shown in FIG. 11, since there is a gap between the adjacent thrust washers 90, the material of the portion (gap) is wasted, and there is room for improvement in that the material yield is poor.

JP, 2010-23193, A

  The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a washer and a method of manufacturing a washer capable of improving material yield.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above, and next, means for solving the problem will be described.

That is, in claim 1, an inner peripheral surface formed in an arc shape, an outer peripheral surface formed in an arc shape concentric with the inner peripheral surface on the radially outer side of the inner peripheral surface, and both end portions of the inner peripheral surface And two end surfaces respectively connecting the two end portions of the outer peripheral surface, at least one inner peripheral notch formed from the inner peripheral surface to the end surface, and the inner peripheral side of the outer peripheral surface It is provided with at least one outer peripheral side notch which is formed in a position corresponding to the notch and is formed in an arc shape which is recessed toward the arc center of the inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface. .

  In the second aspect, the end face is disposed on a first virtual straight line passing through the arc center of the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface.

  In claim 3, the outer circumferential side notch portion passes an intersection point of the circumference along the inner circumferential surface and the first virtual straight line, and defines a straight line perpendicular to the end surface as a second virtual straight line When a straight line perpendicular to the end face is defined as a third virtual straight line, passing through the intersection of a circumferential notch and the first virtual straight line, an intersection of the second virtual straight line and a circumference along the outer peripheral surface; And it forms so that the part containing the intersection of the said 3rd virtual straight line and the circumference along the said outer peripheral surface may be cut off.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, an inner peripheral surface formed in an arc shape, an outer peripheral surface formed in an arc shape concentric with the inner peripheral surface on the radially outer side of the inner peripheral surface, both end portions of the inner peripheral surface, and It is formed concentrically with two circular end faces connecting the both ends of the outer peripheral surface, at least one inner peripheral side notch formed from the inner peripheral surface to the end surface, and the arc center of the outer peripheral surface. And at least one outer peripheral side cutout formed at a position corresponding to the inner peripheral side cutout among the outer peripheral surfaces, and the end surface is the inner peripheral surface and The arc-shaped surface is disposed on a first virtual straight line passing through the arc center of the outer peripheral surface, and the arc-shaped surface passes a point of intersection of a circumference along the inner peripheral surface and the first virtual straight line, and a straight line perpendicular to the end surface It is defined as a second virtual straight line, and the intersection of the inner circumferential notch and the first virtual straight line is , When a straight line perpendicular to said end face defining a third imaginary straight line, the crossing over the second imaginary straight line, and is formed so as not to extend over the third imaginary straight line.

In the fifth aspect, the outer circumferential side cutout portion includes a point of intersection of the second virtual straight line and a circumference along the outer circumferential surface, and an intersection of the third virtual straight line and a circumference along the outer circumferential surface. It is formed to cut out the

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the inner circumferential cutout is formed in an arc shape having the same radius as that of the outer circumferential surface .

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the inner peripheral side notch is formed on a first inner peripheral side notch formed on one of the two end surfaces and on the other side of the two end surfaces. And a second inner circumferential cutout formed asymmetrically with the first inner circumferential cutout .

In the eighth aspect, the outer peripheral side cutout portion is formed on the one end surface side, and is formed in a shape corresponding to the first inner peripheral side cutout portion, and the other end surface. And a second outer circumferential cutout formed in a shape corresponding to the second inner circumferential cutout .

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, an additional notch formed at a position different from the outer circumferential notch on the outer circumferential surface is further included.

In the tenth aspect of the present invention, the step of preparing the plate-like material and the punching of the material form the inner circumferential side notches at both ends of the inner circumferential surface, and the inner circumferential side of the outer circumferential surface. A first punching step of obtaining a substantially arc-shaped first washer in which an outer peripheral side cutout is formed at a position corresponding to the cutout; and a predetermined direction from a portion of the material punched out of the first washer And a second punching step of obtaining a second washer by punching out the displaced portion in the same shape as the first washer, and in the second punching step, the second washer performs the second punching step. The outer circumferential side notch of the second washer faces the inner circumferential side notch of the first washer with a gap therebetween , or the inner circumferential side notch of the second washer on the outer peripheral side cutout portion of one washer It is intended to be punched so as to face in a state where a gap was.

  The effects of the present invention are as follows.

In the present invention , the material yield can be improved.

The front view showing the composition of the thrust washer concerning a first embodiment. The figure which showed the manufacturing method of a thrust washer. (A) Front view showing the material prepared in the preparation process. (B) The front view which showed a mode that the thrust washer was pierced by the 1st punching process. The front view which showed the 1st field and the 2nd field concerning a first embodiment. The schematic diagram which showed the pitch of a thrust washer. The front view which showed the structure of the thrust washer which concerns on 2nd embodiment. The front view which showed the structure of the thrust washer which concerns on 3rd embodiment. The front view which showed the 1st field and the 2nd field concerning a third embodiment. The front view which showed the structure of the thrust washer which concerns on 4th embodiment. The front view which showed the 1st field and the 2nd field concerning a 4th embodiment. The schematic diagram which showed the pitch of the conventional thrust washer.

  In the following description, the directions indicated by the arrows U, D, L and R in the figure are defined as upward, downward, leftward and rightward, respectively. Further, the description will be made by defining the direction perpendicular to the sheet of the drawing as the front-rear direction.

  Hereinafter, the thrust washer 10 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  The thrust washer 10 is provided on a shaft member (for example, a crankshaft of an engine or the like), and receives a load in the thrust direction applied to the shaft member. The thrust washer 10 is formed by punching out a plate-shaped material 1 described later in a substantially semicircular shape. Thus, the thrust washer 10 is formed in a plate shape having a substantially constant thickness in the front-rear direction. Hereinafter, the shape of the thrust washer 10 viewed from the front will be described. The thrust washer 10 mainly includes an inner peripheral surface 11, an outer peripheral surface 12, a left end surface 13L, a right end surface 13R, a left inner peripheral cutout 14L, a right inner peripheral cutout 14R, a left outer peripheral cutout 15L, and a right outer peripheral cutout. It comprises the part 15R.

  The inner circumferential surface 11 is a surface formed on the radially inner side of the thrust washer 10. The inner circumferential surface 11 is formed along a circumference C1 of a radius r1 centered on a predetermined point (arc center O1). The inner circumferential surface 11 is formed in an arc shape (generally semicircular shape) extending from the left to the right through the upper side of the arc center O1.

  The outer circumferential surface 12 is a surface formed on the radially outer side of the thrust washer 10. The outer circumferential surface 12 is formed along a circumference C2 of a radius r2 centered on the arc center O1. The outer circumferential surface 12 is formed in an arc shape (generally semicircular shape) extending from the left to the right through the upper side of the arc center O1. The radius r2 is set to be larger than the radius r1. Thus, the outer circumferential surface 12 is formed in a circular arc shape concentric with the inner circumferential surface 11.

  The left end surface 13 </ b> L is a surface connecting the left end portion of the inner circumferential surface 11 and the left end portion of the outer circumferential surface 12. The left end surface 13L is formed on a straight line (first imaginary straight line L0) extending in the left-right direction through the arc center O1. One end (inner peripheral end) of the left end surface 13L is connected to the left end of the inner peripheral surface 11 via a left inner peripheral cutout 14L described later. The other end (the outer peripheral side end) of the left end surface 13L is connected to the left end of the outer peripheral surface 12.

  The right end surface 13 </ b> R is a surface that connects the right end portion of the inner peripheral surface 11 and the right end portion of the outer peripheral surface 12. The right end face 13R is formed to be line-symmetrical to the left end face 13L on the basis of a straight line (symmetrical axis Ls) extending in the vertical direction through the arc center O1 (perpendicular to the first imaginary straight line L0). That is, the right end surface 13R is formed on the first virtual straight line L0.

  Thus, the thrust washer 10 has a semicircular shape by forming the left end surface 13L and the right end surface 13R on the first imaginary straight line L0 (that is, the diameter of the circumference C1 and the circumference C2) passing through the arc center O1. It is formed in an arc shape (central angle is 180 degrees).

  The left inner peripheral notch portion 14L is a surface formed by cutting out the inner peripheral side (the left end portion of the inner peripheral surface 11) of the left end portion of the thrust washer 10. The left inner circumferential cutout portion 14L is formed in a straight line extending from the left end surface 13L to the upper right. As a result, the left inner peripheral side notch portion 14L is formed from the inner peripheral surface 11 to the left end surface 13L. As described above, the left inner circumferential cutout portion 14L cuts out a portion including the intersection a1 of the first virtual straight line L0 and the left end portion of the circumference C1 of the thrust washer 10 formed in a semicircular shape. It is formed.

  The right inner peripheral side notch portion 14R is a surface formed by cutting out the inner peripheral side (right end portion of the inner peripheral surface 11) of the right end portion of the thrust washer 10. The right inner peripheral side notch portion 14R is formed to be line symmetrical with the left inner peripheral side notch portion 14L with reference to the symmetry axis Ls. That is, the right inner peripheral side notch portion 14R is formed so as to cut out a portion including the intersection point a2 of the right end portion of the circumference C1 and the first virtual straight line L0 in the thrust washer 10 formed in a semicircular shape. Ru.

  The left outer peripheral side cutout portion 15L is a surface formed by cutting out a part (near the left end portion) of the outer peripheral surface 12. The left outer circumferential cutout 15L is formed at a position corresponding to the left inner circumferential cutout 14L, that is, above the left inner circumferential cutout 14L.

  Here, in order to explain the shape of the left outer peripheral side cutout portion 15L in more detail, a straight line perpendicular to the left end surface 13L (first virtual straight line L0) passing through the intersection point a1 is defined as the left second virtual straight line La1. Further, a straight line perpendicular to the left end surface 13L (first virtual straight line L0) is defined as a left third virtual straight line Lb1 passing through the intersection point b1 of the left inner circumferential side notch 14L and the first virtual straight line L0 (left end surface 13L). Do.

  The left outer peripheral side cutout portion 15L is formed so as to cut out a portion of the outer peripheral surface 12 located above the intersection point a1 and the intersection point b1. More specifically, the left outer circumferential cutout 15L cuts out a portion including the intersection a12 of the circumference C2 and the left second virtual straight line La1 and the intersection b12 of the circumference C2 and the left third virtual straight line Lb1. Formed as. The left outer peripheral side cutout portion 15L is formed in an arc shape which is recessed toward the arc center O1.

  The right outer peripheral side cutout portion 15R is a surface formed by cutting out a part (near the right end portion) of the outer peripheral surface 12. The right outer peripheral side cutout portion 15R is formed at a position corresponding to the right inner peripheral side cutout portion 14R, that is, above the right inner peripheral side cutout portion 14R.

  Here, a straight line passing through the intersection point a2 and perpendicular to the right end face 13R (first virtual straight line L0) is defined as a second right virtual straight line La2. Further, a straight line perpendicular to the right end face 13R (first virtual straight line L0) is defined as a right third virtual straight line Lb2 passing through the intersection point b2 of the right inner circumferential side notch 14R and the first virtual straight line L0 (right end face 13R) Do.

  The right outer peripheral side cutout portion 15R is formed so as to cut out a portion including an intersection a22 of the circumference C2 and the right second imaginary straight line La2 and an intersection b22 of the circumference C2 and the right third imaginary straight line Lb2. The right outer peripheral side cutout portion 15R is formed in an arc shape which is recessed toward the arc center O1. In this manner, the right outer peripheral side cutout portion 15R is formed to be line-symmetrical to the left outer peripheral side cutout portion 15L with reference to the symmetry axis Ls.

  Thus, the thrust washer 10 is formed in a shape in which the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the substantially semicircular plate material are cut out appropriately. The two thrust washers 10 are combined in an annular shape, and assembled at an appropriate place (a housing for supporting the shaft member, etc.).

  Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing the thrust washer 10 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the method of manufacturing the thrust washer 10 mainly includes a preparation step S1, a first punching step S2, and a second punching step S3.

The preparation step S1 is a step of preparing the material 1. As shown in FIG. 3A, the material 1 is a rectangular plate-like member. The raw material 1 is formed of an appropriate material (for example, a steel plate formed of a single type of material, a bimetal formed of a plurality of types of materials, and the like). The material 1 is disposed with its longitudinal direction directed vertically.
After the preparation step S1 is performed, a first punching step S2 is performed.

The first punching step S2 is a step of punching out the thrust washer 10 from the material 1 prepared in the preparation step S1. In the first punching step S2, a first region T1 (see FIG. 3A) corresponding to the shape of the thrust washer 10 in the material 1 is punched out using a predetermined die. Thus, the thrust washer 10 can be obtained from the material 1 (see FIG. 3 (b)). At this time, the first area T1 is set such that the symmetry axis Ls of the thrust washer 10 in the first area T1 is along the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) of the material 1 (see FIG. 4).
After the first punching step S2 is performed, the second punching step S3 is performed.

  The second punching step S3 is a step of punching out a thrust washer 10 having the same shape from the material 1 on which the thrust washer 10 has been punched in the first punching step S2. In the second punching step S3, a second region T2 (see FIG. 3B) corresponding to the shape of the thrust washer 10 in the material 1 is punched out using the same mold as the first punching step S2.

  Here, the positional relationship between the first area T1 and the second area T2 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the second region T2 is set at a position displaced from the first region T1 in a predetermined direction. Specifically, the second region T2 has a predetermined pitch from the first region T1 downward (in the direction in which the left end surface 13L and the right end surface 13R are directed) along the symmetry axis Ls of the thrust washer 10 in the first region T1. It is set to a position displaced by P1. The pitch P1 is set to a small value such that the first region T1 and the second region T2 do not overlap, and the first region T1 and the second region T2 are as close as possible. The arc center O1 (referred to as arc center O2 in FIG. 4 for convenience in FIG. 4) of the inner circumferential surface 11 etc. of the second area T2 set in this way is on the symmetry axis Ls of the thrust washer 10 in the first area T1. It will be located.

  By setting the second region T2 in this manner, the left inner peripheral notch 14L and the right inner peripheral notch 14R of the thrust washer 10 in the first region T1 and the left outer periphery of the thrust washer 10 in the second region T2 The side notch portion 15L and the right outer circumferential side notch portion 15R are disposed to face each other. Thereby, overlap (interference) between the thrust washer 10 in the first area T1 and the thrust washer 10 in the second area T2 can be avoided, and the pitch P1 can be set small. By setting the pitch P1 small, the gap between the first region T1 and the second region T2 can be reduced, and the number of thrust washers 10 obtained from the material 1 can be increased to improve the material yield. Can. As a result, productivity can be improved and costs can be reduced.

  After the second punching step S3 is performed, similarly to the second punching step S3, the step (not shown) of punching the thrust washer 10 from the material 1 is repeated any number of times. Thereby, a plurality of thrust washers 10 can be obtained from the material 1 (see FIG. 5).

  Here, as in the present embodiment, the thrust washer 10 in which the notches (the left inner notch 14L, the right inner notch 14R, the left outer notch 15L, and the right outer notch 15R) are formed, and The pitch at the time of punching out from the raw material 1 is compared with the thrust washer 90 (refer FIG. 11) which is not.

  In the present embodiment, as described above, the pitch P1 between the thrust washers 10 can be set small (see FIG. 5). On the other hand, in the thrust washer 90 which does not form a notch, in order to avoid overlapping (interference) between the inner peripheral surface end (corner) of the thrust washer 90 and the outer peripheral surface of the adjacent thrust washer 90 P2 is set larger than the pitch P1 (see FIG. 11). In the example shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 11, the pitch P1 can be set smaller than the pitch P2 by about 35%.

  As described above, the thrust washer 10 according to the first embodiment includes the inner peripheral surface 11 formed in an arc shape and the outer peripheral surface 12 formed in an arc shape concentric with the inner peripheral surface 11 at the radially outer side of the inner peripheral surface 11. , Two end surfaces (the left end surface 13L and the right end surface 13R) respectively connecting the both end portions of the inner peripheral surface 11 and the both end portions of the outer peripheral surface 12, and the two end surfaces formed from the inner peripheral surface 11 Of the outer circumferential side 12 (the left inner circumferential side notch 14L and the right inner circumferential side notch 14R) and the outer circumferential surface 12, two outer circumferential side notches formed at positions corresponding to the inner circumferential side notch. (The left outer peripheral side cutout portion 15L and the right outer peripheral side cutout portion 15R) are provided.

  With this configuration, the material yield can be improved. That is, when the thrust washers 10 are punched out of the material 1, by setting one inner peripheral notch and the other outer peripheral notch of the two adjacent thrust washers 10 to face each other, The thrust washers 10 do not easily interfere with each other. For this reason, the pitch between the said thrust washers 10 can be made small.

Also, the two end faces (the left end face 13L and the right end face 13R) are
It is disposed on a first imaginary straight line L0 passing through the arc center O1 of the inner circumferential surface 11 and the outer circumferential surface 12.

  With such a configuration, the material yield of the thrust washer 10 formed in a substantially semicircular shape can be improved.

Further, the outer circumferential side notch portion is
A straight line perpendicular to the end face is defined as a second virtual straight line (left second virtual straight line La1 and right second virtual straight line La2) through the intersection of the circumference C1 along the inner circumferential surface 11 and the first virtual straight line L0 ,
When a straight line perpendicular to the end face is defined as a third virtual straight line (left third virtual straight line Lb1 and right third virtual straight line Lb2) through the intersection of the inner circumferential notch and the first virtual straight line L0,
The intersection (intersection a12 and intersection a22) of the second virtual straight line and the circumference C2 along the outer peripheral surface 12 and the intersection (intersection b12 and intersection b22) of the third virtual straight line and the circumference C2 along the outer peripheral surface 12 It is formed so as to cut out a portion including.

  By configuring in this manner, the outer circumferential side notch can be formed at an appropriate position, and the material yield can be effectively improved. That is, the outer circumferential side notch can be formed at an appropriate position according to the inner circumferential side notch.

  Further, in the method of manufacturing the thrust washer 10 according to the first embodiment, the inner circumferential side notches are provided at both ends of the inner circumferential surface 11 by preparing the plate-like material 1 and by punching the material 1. A first punching step S2 for obtaining a substantially arc-shaped first thrust washer 10 in which an outer circumferential side notch is formed at a position corresponding to the inner circumferential side notch on the outer circumferential surface 12; The second thrust washer 10 is obtained by punching out a portion displaced in a predetermined direction from a portion where the first thrust washer 10 is punched out into the same shape as the first thrust washer 10. And step S3.

  With this configuration, the material yield can be improved. That is, when the first thrust washer 10 and the second thrust washer 20 are brought close to each other by forming the inner circumferential side notch and the outer circumferential side notch in the thrust washer 10, the two thrust washers 10 are mutually Interference can be easily avoided. This can improve the material yield.

  Further, in the second punching step S3, the second thrust washer 10 is punched so that the outer peripheral side cutout of the second thrust washer faces the inner peripheral side cutout of the first thrust washer 10. Be

  With such a configuration, the material yield can be effectively improved. That is, since the interference between the first thrust washer 10 and the second thrust washer 10 can be easily avoided, the two thrust washers 10 can be made to approach each other.

  Hereinafter, a thrust washer 20 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  The main difference between the thrust washer 20 and the thrust washer 10 according to the first embodiment is that the thrust washer 20 further includes a left additional cutout 17L and a right additional cutout 17R. Therefore, the other parts similar to those of the thrust washer 10 according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is appropriately omitted.

  The left additional cutout portion 17L is a surface formed by cutting out a part of the outer peripheral surface 12 (slightly to the left of the left and right center portions). The left additional cutout portion 17L is formed at a position separated from the left outer peripheral side cutout portion 15L to the right by a predetermined distance. The left additional cutout portion 17L is formed in an arc shape which is recessed toward the arc center O1. The depth in the radial direction of the left additional cutout 17L is formed to be substantially the same as the depth in the radial direction of the left outer peripheral cutout 15L and the right outer peripheral cutout 15R.

  The right additional cutout portion 17R is a surface formed by cutting out a part of the outer peripheral surface 12 (slightly to the right of the left and right center portions). The right additional cutout 17R is formed to be line symmetrical to the left additional cutout 17L with reference to the symmetry axis Ls.

  Thus, a plurality of cutouts (left outer peripheral cutout 15L, left additional cutout 17L, right additional cutout 17R and right outer peripheral cutout 15R) are formed on the outer peripheral surface 12 of the thrust washer 20. . The plurality of notches are arranged on the outer circumferential surface 12 at substantially equal intervals.

  As described above, by forming the left additional cutout portion 17L and the right additional cutout portion 17R in the thrust washer 20, it is possible to reduce the weight of the thrust washer 20. Here, basically, the strength of the thrust washer 20 is the deepest portion of the minimum width w1 (left outer peripheral side cutout 15L) between the inner peripheral surface 11 and the left outer peripheral side cutout 15L (right outer peripheral side cutout 15R) The width from the inner circumferential surface 11 is the rate-limiting condition. In other words, if the minimum width w2 between the inner circumferential surface 11 and the left additional cutout 17L (the right additional cutout 17R) is equal to or more than the minimum width w1, the left additional cutout 17L (the right additional cutout 17R) Has little effect on the strength of the thrust washer 20. Therefore, the left additional cutout portion 17L and the right additional cutout portion 17R can be formed into an arbitrary shape such that the minimum width w2 is equal to or more than the minimum width w1.

  As described above, the thrust washer 20 according to the second embodiment includes the additional cutouts (the left additional cutout 17L and the right additional cutout 17R) which are formed on the outer peripheral surface 12 at a position different from the outer peripheral cutout. Furthermore, it comprises.

  With this configuration, weight reduction can be achieved.

  The thrust washer 30 according to the third embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG.

  The thrust washer 30 is mainly different from the thrust washer 10 according to the first embodiment in the left inner peripheral notch 14L, the right inner peripheral notch 14R, the left outer peripheral notch 15L, and the right outer peripheral notch 15R. Shape of Therefore, the other parts similar to those of the thrust washer 10 according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is appropriately omitted.

  The left inner circumferential notch portion 14L is formed in a curved shape extending rightward and upward from the left end surface 13L. More specifically, the left inner cutout portion 14L is formed along a circumference C3 of a radius r3 centered on the arc center O3 set on the symmetry axis Ls and below the arc center O1. . Here, the radius r3 of the circumference C3 is set to be the same as the radius r2 of the circumference C2.

  The right inner peripheral side notch portion 14R is formed in a curved shape extending from the right end surface 13R to the upper left. More specifically, the right inner circumferential cutout 14R is formed along the circumference C3. As a result, the right inner circumferential cutout portion 14R is formed to be line-symmetrical to the left inner circumferential cutout portion 14L with reference to the symmetry axis Ls.

  The left outer peripheral side notch portion 15L is formed so as to cut out a portion including the intersection point a12 and the intersection point b12. The left outer circumferential side notch 15L includes a left arcuate surface 15aL.

  The left arcuate surface 15aL is a surface that forms the bottom of the left outer circumferential cutout 15L. The left arcuate surface 15aL is formed along a circumference C4 of a radius r4 centered on the arc center O1. That is, the left arcuate surface 15aL is formed concentrically with the circumference C1 and the circumference C2. Here, the radius r4 of the circumference C4 is set to be larger than the radius r1 of the circumference C1 and smaller than the radius r2 of the circumference C2.

  The right outer peripheral side cutout portion 15R is formed to cut out a portion including the intersection point a22 and the intersection point b22. The right outer peripheral side cutout portion 15R includes a right circular arc-shaped surface 15aR.

  The right arc-shaped surface 15aR is a surface that forms the bottom of the right outer circumferential cutout 15R. The right arcuate surface 15aR is formed along the circumference C4. In this manner, the right arc-shaped surface 15aR (right outer peripheral side cutout 15R) is formed to be line symmetrical with the left circular arc surface 15aL (left outer peripheral side cutout 15L) with reference to the symmetry axis Ls. .

  Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing the thrust washer 30 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG.

  The manufacturing method of the thrust washer 30 is mainly different from the manufacturing method of the thrust washer 10 according to the first embodiment in the first region T1 in which the blank 1 is punched in the first punching step S2, and in the second punching step S3. It is a positional relationship with 2nd area | region T2 in which the raw material 1 is pierced. The positional relationship will be described below.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the second region T2 is set at a position displaced downward from the first region T1 along the symmetry axis Ls of the thrust washer 30 of the first region T1 by a predetermined pitch P3. In the pitch P3, the circumference C2 along the outer peripheral surface 12 of the thrust washer 30 in the second region T2 is along the left inner cutout 14L and the right inner cutout 14R of the thrust washer 30 in the first region T1. It is set to coincide with the circumference C3. As a result, the outer circumferential surface 12 of the thrust washer 30 in the second region T2 is disposed on the same circumference as the left inner circumferential cutout portion 14L and the like of the thrust washer 30 in the first region T1. The arc center O1 (referred to as arc center O4 for convenience in FIG. 8 for convenience in FIG. 8) of the inner circumferential surface 11 etc. of the second area T2 set in this way is on the symmetry axis Ls of the thrust washer 30 in the first area T1. It will be located.

  By setting the second region T2 in this manner, the left inner peripheral notch 14L and the right inner peripheral cutout 14R of the thrust washer 30 in the first region T1 and the left outer periphery of the thrust washer 30 in the second region T2 The side notch portion 15L and the right outer circumferential side notch portion 15R are disposed to face each other. Thereby, overlap (interference) between the thrust washer 30 in the first region T1 and the thrust washer 30 in the second region T2 can be avoided, and the pitch P3 can be set small.

  Further, the left inner circumferential notch 14L and the right inner circumferential notch 14R of the thrust washer 30 in the first region T1 and the left arcuate surface 15aL and the right arcuate surface 15aR of the thrust washer 30 in the second region T2 , Will be arranged in the form of a circular arc concentric with each other. As a result, a constant gap can be secured between the left inner circumferential side notch 14L and the like and the left arcuate surface 15aL and the like, and product accuracy can be improved.

  As described above, the inner circumferential cutout of the thrust washer 30 according to the third embodiment is formed in an arc shape having the same radius as the arc radius (radius r2) of the outer circumferential surface 12.

  With such a configuration, the material yield can be effectively improved. That is, since the interference with the adjacent thrust washers 30 can be easily avoided, the pitch between the thrust washers 30 can be effectively reduced.

  Further, the outer peripheral side cutout portion is provided with an arc-shaped surface (left arc-shaped surface 15aL and right arc-shaped surface 15aR) formed concentrically with the arc center O1 of the outer peripheral surface 12.

  With such a configuration, the material yield can be effectively improved. That is, since the interference with the adjacent thrust washers 30 can be easily avoided, the pitch between the thrust washers 30 can be effectively reduced.

  Hereinafter, a thrust washer 40 according to a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  The main difference between the thrust washer 40 and the thrust washer 30 according to the third embodiment is the left inner cutout 14L, the right inner cutout 14R, the left outer cutout 15L, and the right outer cutout 15R. Shape of Therefore, about the same composition as thrust washer 30 concerning a third embodiment besides others, the same numerals are attached and explanation is omitted suitably.

  The left inner circumferential notch portion 14L is formed in a curved shape extending rightward and upward from the left end surface 13L. More specifically, the left inner cutout portion 14L extends along the circumference C5 of radius r5 centered on the arc center O5 which is set below the arc center O1 and slightly to the right of the symmetry axis Ls. It is formed. Here, the radius r5 of the circumference C5 is set to be the same as the radius r2 of the circumference C2.

  The right inner peripheral side notch portion 14R is formed in a curved shape extending from the right end surface 13R to the upper left. More specifically, the right inner circumferential notch 14R is formed along the circumference C5. Since the arc center O5 of the circumference C5 is located to the right of the symmetry axis Ls, the right inner cutout 14R is larger than the left inner cutout 14L (vertical width and horizontal width Is formed). That is, the right inner peripheral side notch 14R is formed to be asymmetric with the left inner peripheral side notch 14L.

  The left outer peripheral side notch portion 15L is formed so as to cut out a portion including the intersection point a12 and the intersection point b12. The left outer circumferential cutout portion 15L includes a left arcuate surface 15aL formed along the circumference C4.

  The right outer peripheral side cutout portion 15R is formed to cut out a portion including the intersection point a22 and the intersection point b22. The right outer peripheral side cutout portion 15R includes a right circular arc-shaped surface 15aR formed along the circumference C4. The right circular arc-shaped surface 15aR of the right outer peripheral side cutout portion 15R is formed to be larger (the length of the circular arc is longer) than the left circular arc-shaped surface 15aL of the left outer peripheral side cutout portion 15L. That is, the right outer peripheral side cutout portion 15R is formed to be asymmetrical to the left outer peripheral side cutout portion 15L.

  Thus, in response to the left inner peripheral side cutout portion 14L being formed relatively small, the left outer peripheral side cutout portion 15L is also formed relatively small. On the other hand, the right outer circumferential cutout portion 15R is also formed relatively large in response to the right inner circumferential cutout portion 14R being formed relatively large. As described above, the thrust washer 40 can be formed into an asymmetrical shape in accordance with the use application, the shape of the arrangement location, and the like.

  Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing the thrust washer 40 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG.

  The manufacturing method of the thrust washer 40 is mainly different from the manufacturing method of the thrust washer 30 according to the third embodiment in the first region T1 in which the blank 1 is punched in the first punching step S2, and in the second punching step S3. It is a setting method of the position of the 2nd field T2 by which material 1 is punched out. Hereinafter, the positions of the first area T1 and the second area T2 will be described.

  The first area T1 is set so that the symmetry axis Ls of the thrust washer 40 in the first area T1 is inclined to the right with respect to the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) of the material 1 by an angle x. As a result, the thrust washer 40 in the first area T1 is inclined downward to the right.

  The second region T2 is set at a position displaced downward from the first region T1 along the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) of the material 1 by a predetermined pitch P4. As a result, the symmetry axis Ls of the thrust washer 40 in the second region T2 is also inclined to the right with respect to the longitudinal direction of the blank 1 by the angle x. In the pitch P4, a circle C2 along the outer circumferential surface 12 of the thrust washer 40 in the second area T2 is a circle along the left inner cutout 14L and the right inner cutout 14R of the thrust washer 40 in the first area T1. It is set to match the circle C5. Thus, the outer circumferential surface 12 of the thrust washer 40 in the second area T2 is disposed on the same circumference as the left inner circumferential cutout portion 14L and the like of the thrust washer 40 in the first area T1. The arc center O1 (referred to as arc center O6 in FIG. 10 for convenience in FIG. 10) of the inner circumferential surface 11 etc. of the second area T2 set in this manner is directly below the arc center O1 of the thrust washer 40 in the first area T1. Will be located in

  As described above, also when manufacturing the thrust washer 40 formed asymmetrically in the left-right direction, the left inner side cutout portion 14L and the right inner peripheral side cutout portion 14R of the thrust washer 40 in the first region T1 and the second region T2 The left outer circumferential cutout 15 </ b> L and the right outer circumferential cutout 15 </ b> R of the thrust washer 40 are disposed to face each other. As a result, overlap (interference) between the thrust washer 40 in the first area T1 and the thrust washer 40 in the second area T2 can be avoided, and the pitch P4 can be set small.

  At this time, the thrust washers 40 of the first region T1 and the second region T2 are appropriately inclined (in the present embodiment, inclined downward by the angle x), the arc center of each thrust washer 40 (arc center O1 and The arc center O6) is set to be aligned along the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) of the material 1. As a result, even if the thrust washer 40 is asymmetrical on the left and right, as in the case of the thrust washer 10 on the left and right, a plurality of the material 1 is punched out while moving the material 1 along the longitudinal direction. The thrust washer 40 can be manufactured.

  Although FIG. 10 shows an example in which the symmetry axis Ls of the thrust washer 40 in the first region T1 and the second region T2 is set to be inclined to the right with respect to the longitudinal direction of the material 1, the present invention Is not limited to this, and it is also possible to set so that the symmetry axis Ls leans to the left.

  As described above, the inner circumferential notch of the thrust washer 40 according to the fourth embodiment is the left inner circumferential notch 14L (the first one of the two end surfaces). A right inner peripheral notch 14R (one inner peripheral notch) and the other of the two end surfaces formed on the other end (the right end 13R) side and formed asymmetrically with the left inner peripheral notch 14L And a second inner circumferential notch).

  With such a configuration, the material yield of the thrust washer 40 having an asymmetric shape can be improved.

Further, the outer circumferential side notch portion is
A left outer peripheral cutout 15L (a first outer peripheral cutout) formed on the left end surface 13L and formed in a shape corresponding to the left inner peripheral cutout 14L;
A right outer peripheral cutout 15R (a second outer peripheral cutout) which is formed on the right end surface 13R and is formed in a shape corresponding to the right inner peripheral cutout 14R;
Is included.

  With such a configuration, the material yield of the thrust washer 40 having an asymmetrical shape can be effectively improved. That is, when the adjacent thrust washers 40 are arranged such that the corresponding inner circumferential cutouts and outer circumferential cutouts face each other, interference can be easily avoided.

  The thrust washer 10, the thrust washer 20, the thrust washer 30, and the thrust washer 40 according to the above-described embodiment are an embodiment of the washer according to the present invention.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said structure, A various change is possible within the range of the invention described in the claim.

  For example, the washer can be used in any application, not limited to an application that receives a load in the thrust direction (a thrust washer).

  Further, the washer is not limited to one formed in a semicircular shape (a circular arc shape with a central angle of 180 degrees), and other circular arc shapes (for example, a circular arc shape with a central angle of 90 degrees, a circular arc shape with a central angle of 60 degrees Etc.).

  In addition, the outer circumferential side notch may not necessarily cut out a portion including the intersection of the second virtual straight line and the circumference along the outer circumferential surface, and the intersection of the third virtual straight line and the circumference along the outer circumferential surface It does not have to be formed. For example, a portion including only one of the intersections may be cut out. Moreover, as long as it is a position corresponding to the inner circumferential cutout, a portion not including any intersection may be cut away.

  Further, the shapes of the inner peripheral side notch and the outer peripheral side notch can be arbitrarily changed, such as linear or arc.

  In addition, the inner peripheral notch may not necessarily be formed at both ends of the washer. That is, it may be formed at only one end (only one). Similarly, only one outer circumferential cutout may be formed.

  Moreover, when punching out the second washer in the second punching step, it is possible to punch out a portion displaced in an arbitrary direction from the portion where the first washer is punched out. For example, it is possible to punch out the portion displaced to the upper side (opposite to the end face) of the first washer other than punching out the portion displaced to the lower side (end face side) of the first washer as in the above embodiments. is there. In the case where a portion displaced to the end face side is punched out, the outer circumferential cutout of the second washer faces the inner circumferential cutout of the first washer. On the other hand, in the case of punching out a portion displaced to the side opposite to the end face, the inner circumferential cutout of the second washer faces the outer peripheral cutout of the first washer.

Reference Signs List 10 thrust washer 11 inner circumferential surface 12 outer circumferential surface 13L left end surface 13R right end surface 14L left inner circumferential side notch 14R right inner circumferential side notch 15L left outer circumferential side notch 15aL left arcuate surface 15R right outer circumferential side notch 15aR right circle Arc-shaped surface 17L left additional notch 17R right additional notch

Claims (10)

An inner circumferential surface formed in an arc shape,
An outer circumferential surface formed in an arc shape concentric with the inner circumferential surface on the radially outer side of the inner circumferential surface;
Two end faces respectively connecting both end portions of the inner peripheral surface and both end portions of the outer peripheral surface;
At least one inner circumferential notch formed from the inner circumferential surface to the end surface;
At least one outer peripheral side formed in a position corresponding to the inner peripheral side notch among the outer peripheral surface and formed in an arc shape which is recessed toward the arc center of the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface And the notch,
Equipped with a washer. The end face is
Disposed on a first virtual straight line passing through the arc center of the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface,
The washer according to claim 1. The outer circumferential side notch portion is
A straight line perpendicular to the end face is defined as a second virtual straight line, passing through an intersection of the circumference along the inner circumferential surface and the first virtual straight line,
When a straight line perpendicular to the end face is defined as a third virtual straight line, passing through the intersection of the inner circumferential notch and the first virtual straight line.
A portion including the intersection of the second virtual straight line and the circumference along the outer peripheral surface, and the intersection of the third virtual straight line and the circumference along the outer peripheral surface is formed to be cut out.
The washer according to claim 2. An inner circumferential surface formed in an arc shape,
An outer circumferential surface formed in an arc shape concentric with the inner circumferential surface on the radially outer side of the inner circumferential surface;
Two end faces respectively connecting both end portions of the inner peripheral surface and both end portions of the outer peripheral surface;
At least one inner circumferential notch formed from the inner circumferential surface to the end surface;
At least one outer circumferential side notch formed on the outer circumferential surface at a position corresponding to the inner circumferential notch, the circular arc surface being formed concentrically with the arc center of the outer circumferential surface;
Equipped with
The end face is
Disposed on a first virtual straight line passing through the arc center of the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface,
The arcuate surface is
A straight line perpendicular to the end face is defined as a second virtual straight line, passing through an intersection of the circumference along the inner circumferential surface and the first virtual straight line,
When a straight line perpendicular to the end face is defined as a third virtual straight line, passing through the intersection of the inner circumferential notch and the first virtual straight line.
The second virtual straight line is straddled and the third virtual straight line is not straddled.
Washers. The outer circumferential side notch portion is
A portion including the intersection of the second virtual straight line and the circumference along the outer peripheral surface, and the intersection of the third virtual straight line and the circumference along the outer peripheral surface is formed to be cut out.
The washer according to claim 4 . The inner circumferential notch is
It is formed in an arc shape having the same radius as the arc radius of the outer peripheral surface,
The washer according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The inner circumferential notch is
A first inner circumferential cutout formed on one of the two end faces;
A second inner peripheral notch formed on the other of the two end surfaces and formed asymmetrically with the first inner peripheral notch;
including,
Washer according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The outer circumferential side notch portion is
A first outer circumferential cutout formed on the one end face side and having a shape corresponding to the first inner circumferential cutout;
A second outer circumferential cutout formed on the other end face side and having a shape corresponding to the second inner circumferential cutout;
including,
The washer according to claim 7 . It further comprises an additional notch formed at a position different from the outer circumferential notch of the outer circumferential surface,
Washers according to any one of claims 1 to 8. Preparing a plate-like material;
By punching out the material, inner notches are formed at both ends of the inner peripheral surface, and an outer peripheral notch is formed at a position corresponding to the inner peripheral notch on the outer peripheral surface. A first punching step to obtain an arcuate first washer;
A second punching step of obtaining a second washer by punching out a portion of the material displaced in a predetermined direction from a portion where the first washer is punched into the same shape as the first washer;
Equipped with
In the second punching step,
The second washer is
The outer circumferential cutout of the second washer faces the inner circumferential cutout of the first washer with a gap therebetween , or the inner circumferential cutout of the second washer The first washer is punched so as to face the outer circumferential side notch with a clearance .
Method of manufacturing the washers.

Images