JP6530209B2 - Installation structure of external structure and external structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an external structure installed in a site where a building is built and an installation structure of the external structure.

In recent years, we want to create a comfortable living environment in the building by performing natural ventilation by opening the windows and doors of each room of the building without using air conditioners and ventilators from the viewpoint of energy saving and global warming countermeasures There is a demand that.
However, since the outside air introduced into the building in the summer is warm, there are cases in which it is difficult to obtain the effect of natural ventilation in urban areas due to the temperature rise due to the heat islanding phenomenon.
Therefore, for example, as an external structure member constituting an external structure such as a fence, a gate, a fence, a handrail, a louver, a porous material layer having a water absorbing property is used on the surface (for example, patent document 1).

According to the external structure member in Patent Document 1 and the external structure using the same, when water is contained in the porous material layer on the surface of the external structure member, the surface of the external structure and the heat of vaporization of the water Ambient air can be cooled. And by introducing cooled air into the building, a comfortable living environment can be formed even in summer.
The external structure member is formed in a parallelogram or trapezoidal shape in a cross sectional view, and an inclined upper surface portion receiving water dropped from above and one side surface portion from which the water flows down from the upper surface portion are substantially Water absorption surface.

JP, 2014-1500, A

By the way, there has been a demand to further enhance the cooling effect obtained by the exterior member and the exterior structure.
Therefore, it is conceivable to secure a wider water absorption surface in order to enhance the cooling effect, but there is a problem that the appearance becomes worse if the external structure member is simply enlarged. That is, if the depth dimension of the upper surface portion is elongated or the vertical dimension of the side surface portion is elongated, the apparent dimension in the vertical direction when the external structure member is viewed from the front becomes longer, which gives a sense of coercion. It may give an impression of lack of sharpness.

  The object of the present invention is to enhance the cooling effect obtained by the exterior structure as compared with the conventional one, to eliminate the feeling of intimacy and to give a sharp impression, and the exterior structure and the exterior structure Aims to provide the installation structure of

The invention according to claim 1 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 , a base material 2 and a porous material layer 4 provided with a porous material having water absorbability on the surface side of the base material 2. And a plurality of the outer structural members 1 (1B to 1D) configured to include the plurality of outer structural members 10 arranged in parallel in a row,
The plurality of exterior members 1 are attached to the vertical surface 15 which is long in the vertical direction at an interval from each other in the vertical direction,
The exterior member 1 is
An upper surface portion 5 (5B to 5D) which is inclined forward at a constant angle with respect to the vertical surface 15;
Folded portions 6 (6 B to 6 D) that are folded back from the tip of the upper surface 5 to the lower side of the upper surface 5;
And connecting portions 7 (7B to 7D) which connect the base end portion of the upper surface portion 5 and the leading end portion of the folded portion 6 in the folding direction and are attached to the vertical surface 15 ;
The folded-back portion 6 and the connection portions 7 (7B to 7D) form a downwardly bulging portion located at the lowermost end portion of the exterior member 1 ,
The folded portion 6 is positioned on the tip end side of the downwardly bulging portion, and is inclined so as to gradually lower toward the downwardly bulging portion,
The connection portion 7 (7B to 7D) is located on the proximal end side of the downwardly bulging portion, and is inclined to be gradually lowered toward the downwardly bulging portion,
The ratio of the depth dimension L2 of the folded portion 6 to the depth dimension L1 of the external structure member 1 itself is from the ratio of the depth dimension L3 of the connecting portion 7 (7B to 7D) to the depth dimension L1 of the external structure member 1 itself. Is also set large.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the porous material has a large number of pores, has a large surface tension, and has a water absorbency, the porous material layer 4 is provided with water when the water is supplied. The material layer 4 can sufficiently contain water. As a result, the heat of vaporization of the water contained in the porous material layer 4 can be used to reduce the temperature of the surface of the exterior member 1 and, hence, around the exterior structure 10.
Moreover, if water is supplied to the porous material layer 4, the diffusivity of water can be improved by capillary action. As a result, the porous material layer 4 can be efficiently wetted with a small amount of water, which can contribute to water saving and energy saving.
Further, even if, for example, the base material 2 is a product having low water resistance, water can be supplied to the porous material layer 4 regardless of the water resistance of the base material 2, and a cooling effect can be exhibited. it can. And since water retention can be improved only by changing the surface property of the exterior member 1 in this way, the structural strength and durability of the base material 2 itself are maintained.
Further, since the upper surface portion 5 is inclined forward at a constant angle with respect to the vertical surface 15, the water in the upper surface portion 5 is the tip end portion in the inclination direction (lower end: opposite side to the vertical surface 15) Flow to the end of the Furthermore, since the folded back portion 6 is folded from the tip end portion of the upper surface portion 5 to the lower side of the upper surface portion 5, the water flowing in the upper surface portion 5 is transmitted to the folded back portion 6 and flows downward, and the lower end of the folded back portion 6 It can be dripped from the part. As a result, the water flowing through the upper surface portion 5 of the upper outer structure member 1 can be reliably dropped onto the upper surface portion 5 of the lower outer structure member 1, so that a plurality of outer structures constituting the outer structure 10 Water can be supplied to the entire structural member 1 in order from the top.
The connecting portion 7 connects the base end portion of the upper surface portion 5 (end portion on the vertical surface 15 side) and the tip end portion in the folding direction of the folded portion 6 (end portion on the vertical surface 15 side) Being attached, the exterior member 1 can be securely attached to the vertical surface 15.
Since the ratio of the depth dimension L2 of the folded portion 6 to the depth dimension L1 of the external structure member 1 itself is set larger than the ratio of the depth dimension L3 of the connecting portion 7 to the depth dimension L1 of the external structure member 1 itself. The area of the folded back portion 6 can be secured widely. That is, since the folded-back portion 6 having a large area can be used as a water absorbing surface, the cooling effect of the air around the exterior structure 10 can be enhanced.
Furthermore, if it is possible to secure a wide area of the folded back portion 6 in this manner, for example, the depth dimension L1 of the upper surface portion 5 is increased or the upper and lower dimensions of the folded back portion 6 are increased. There is no need to do it. Therefore, the appearance dimension L4 in the vertical direction when the external structure member 1 is viewed from the front is prevented from being elongated, so that the feeling of intimacy can be eliminated and a sharp impression can be given. Moreover, if each exterior member 1 can give a sharp impression, it can give a sharp impression also as the exterior structure 10 whole.

The invention described in claim 2 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG.
The base material 2 in the outer structure member 1 positioned at the top of the plurality of outer structure members 1 is formed in a hollow shape, and water is introduced into the base material 2 on the side surface of the connection portion 7 thereof. An opening 2a is formed, and a drain port 2b for dropping water introduced into the inside of the base material 2 to the exterior member 1 adjacent to the lower side is formed in the vicinity of the downwardly bulging part. It is characterized by

  According to the invention described in claim 2, the base material 2 in the outer structure member 1 positioned at the top of the plurality of outer structure members 1 is formed in a hollow shape, and the base material 2 is formed on the side surface of the connection portion 7 thereof. Since the opening 2a for introducing water into the inside is formed, water can be supplied to the inside of the base material 2 of the exterior member 1 located at the top, and the opening 2a for introducing water is formed. It can be hidden and looks good.

The invention according to claim 3 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, in the external structure 10 according to claim 1 or 2,
A bracket 12 which has the vertical surface 15 and is hollow and through which the water supply pipe 17 passes;
And a vertically long support member 11 to which the bracket 12 is attached,
The bracket 12 is formed by combining a first member 13 attached to the exterior member 1 and a second member 14 attached to the support member 11.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the plurality of exterior members 1 can be attached to the support member 11 via the bracket 12 and can be reliably supported by the support member 11.
In addition, since the bracket 12 is formed by combining the first member 13 attached to the external structure member 1 and the second member 14 attached to the support member 11, the first member 13 and the second member are formed. If the water supply pipe 17 is easily set when the water supply pipe 17 is separated, the first member 13 and the second member 14 with the water supply pipe 17 set to either the first member 13 or the second member 14 If the bracket 12 is formed in combination with 14, the water supply pipe 17 can be easily passed through the inside of the bracket 12. Moreover, the water supply pipe 17 can be hidden inside the bracket 12, and the appearance is good.

The invention according to a fourth aspect is, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 10, in the external structure 10 according to any one of the first to third aspects,
When the plurality of external members 1 are vertically projected, an interval L6 between the external members 1, 1 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction is the lower end portion of the external member 1 below and the external member 1 above A predetermined aperture ratio is set for the distance L7 between the lower end portion,
The aperture ratio is based on a solar elevation for a predetermined time during which direct solar radiation passes between the exterior members vertically adjacent to each other according to the installation area of the exterior structure.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the distance between the vertically adjacent outer members is the distance L7 between the lower end of the lower outer member 1 and the lower end of the upper outer member 1. The opening ratio is set to the solar elevation for a predetermined time during which direct solar radiation passes between the exterior members 1 adjacent to the top and bottom according to the installation area of the exterior structure 10. As a result, the scattered light passes and the brightness can be secured, and the line of sight is broken when the exterior member is viewed from the front. Also, depending on the aperture ratio, it is possible to adjust the amount of brightness and the line of sight that can be secured.
Furthermore, since the opening portion is felt larger than the actual opening ratio by the folded back portion 6 folded back to the lower side of the upper surface portion 5, the feeling of lightweight of the concave member 1 is increased, and the feeling of intimidating is reduced. Further, a sharp impression can be given to the exterior member 1 from the shape of the tip.
In addition, depending on the aperture ratio, in summer, after sunrise, it has a function to sufficiently shield against solar radiation in the hot time zone during the day except for the time zone where the sun height is low before sunset. In addition, by setting the aperture ratio as it is, it is possible to suppress a time zone in which solar radiation is completely shielded even in winter, in a short time. Therefore, there is no problem for winter solar radiation acquisition, and it is possible to achieve both summer solar radiation shielding and winter solar radiation acquisition. The aperture ratio for realizing this is, for example, 33%.

In the invention according to claim 5, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 8, and FIG. 9, the exterior structure 10 according to any one of claims 1 to 4 comprises a building 20, 30; Installation structure of the external structure 10 installed in the site S1, S2
The exterior structure 10 is disposed apart from the outer walls of the buildings 20 and 30,
The space between the exterior structure 10 and the outer wall is characterized as a cool spot (terrace 21, tsubo yard 31) which can lower the temperature than the surroundings.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the outer structure 10 is disposed apart from the outer wall of the building 20, 30, and the temperature between the outer structure 10 and the outer wall is higher than that between the surroundings. As it is considered as a cool spot that can be lowered, the cool spots 21 and 31 are in a state where the temperature is lowered by the cooling effect of the exterior structure 10, and the comfort of the cool spots 21 and 31 is improved in summer. be able to.

The invention according to claim 6 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, in the installation structure of the exterior structure 10 according to claim 5,
The building 20 is characterized by being provided above the cool spot 21 and having a sun cover 28 for shielding sunlight to the cool spot 21.

  According to the invention as set forth in claim 6, the building 20 is located above the cool spot 21 and includes the sun cover 28 for shielding solar radiation to the cool spot 21. It is possible to suppress the temperature rise of the cool spot 21 whose temperature has dropped due to the cooling effect. That is, the temperature of the cool spot 21 can be reduced by the synergetic effect of the exterior structure 10 and the sun cover 28.

The invention according to claim 7 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, in the installation structure of the exterior structure 10 according to claim 6,
The sun cover 28 is a balcony that protrudes from the upper floor of the building 20.

  According to the invention of claim 7, since the sun cover 28 is a balcony that protrudes from the upper floor of the building 20, the sun cover 28 has two functions as the balcony 28 and the sun cover 28. It is more convenient than the one that has only one function as a department, and is not wasted.

The invention according to claim 8 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 8, in the installation structure of the exterior structure 10 according to any one of claims 5 to 7,
The cool spot 21 is characterized by including a water holding floor portion 21 a having water holding performance.

  According to the invention as set forth in claim 8, the cool spot 21 is provided with the water holding floor portion 21a having the water holding performance, so that the cooling effect of the air by the water holding floor portion 21a as well as the external structure 10 can be obtained. The temperature of the cool spot 21 can be reduced. That is, the temperature of the cool spot 21 can be reduced by the synergetic effect of the exterior structure 10 and the water holding floor portion 21 a.

The invention according to claim 9 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, in the installation structure of the exterior structure 10 according to any one of claims 5 to 8,
The exterior structure 10 is characterized in that it is installed facing the openings 23a, 27a, 37a of the buildings 20, 30.

According to the invention as set forth in claim 9, since the exterior structure 10 is installed to face the openings 23a, 27a, 37a of the buildings 20, 30, the air around the exterior structure 10 can be obtained. The cooling effect can be distributed also in the buildings 20, 30 through the openings 23a, 27a, 37a. As a result, the cooled air is introduced into the buildings 20 and 30 through the openings 23a, 27a and 37a when natural ventilation is performed especially in summer, so that a comfortable living environment is formed in the buildings 20 and 30. Can.
In addition, since the external structure 10 capable of giving a sharp impression can be seen from the openings 23a, 27a and 37a, it is possible for the viewer of the external structure 10 from the inside of the buildings 20 and 30 as well. It can give a sharp impression.

  According to the present invention, the cooling effect obtained by the exterior structure can be enhanced as compared with the prior art, and a sharp impression can be given.

It is a sectional view showing a plurality of examples of an exterior member. It is sectional drawing which shows the upper end part of an exterior structure. It is a perspective view which shows the installation state of an exterior structure. It is a perspective view which shows the state which panelized several exterior members. It is a perspective view which shows the state at the time of attaching several exterior members with respect to a supporting member. It is a perspective view expanding and showing a part of a plurality of exterior members attached to a support member. It is a sectional view expanding and showing a part of a plurality of exterior members attached to a support member. It is a figure which shows the example in which the exterior structure was employ | adopted as the site where a building is built. It is a figure which shows another example in which the exterior structure was employ | adopted as the site where a building is built. It is a figure explaining the space | interval of the exterior members adjacent to the upper and lower sides.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1 etc., the code | symbol 1 shows an exterior member. The external structure member 1 refers to a building material used for various external structure and the like in the outer periphery of a building such as a house. In addition, as the external structure, for example, fences, gates, fences, handrails, louver devices, fences, fences, garages, garages, spaces, approaches, accent walls, pergolas, decks, pavements, various columns, storage spaces, etc. The thing is mentioned. Furthermore, as such an external structure, not only those installed on a site such as a garden of a building, but also fences and handrails of a balcony shall be included.

First, the properties, functions, etc. unique to the material constituting the exterior member 1 will be described.
The exterior member 1 of the present embodiment constitutes the above-described exterior structure, and the substrate 2, the hydrophilic adhesive layer 3 provided on the surface of the substrate 2, and the adhesion thereof And a porous material layer 4 in which a porous material having water absorbency is provided on the surface of the layer 3.
In addition, the adhesive layer 3 is provided on the surface of the base material 2 constituting the external structure member 1 itself. That is, this base material 2 serves as a support for providing the adhesive layer 3 or as a base.
Therefore, it is not limited at all as to whether this base material 2 is newly manufactured or existing. That is, the external structure member 1 of the present embodiment may be newly manufactured, or the surface of the existing base material 2 may be provided with the adhesive layer 3 and the porous material layer 4. . In other words, the external structure member 1 of the present embodiment can be used also when newly forming an external structure, and can also be used when reforming.

In the present embodiment, a long extrusion molded product made of metal such as aluminum is adopted as the base material 2 and is formed into a hollow cylindrical shape, and the cross-sectional shape is formed into a quadrangle.
As the type of the base material 2, not only metals such as aluminum but also those distributed in the market as building materials for exterior structures and all existing products can be adopted, and their shapes are also limited. It is not something to be done. That is, various things, such as other metal things, a wooden thing, resin things, ceramics, etc. are mentioned.

The adhesive layer 3 is a layer made of an adhesive which is interposed between the substrate 2 and the porous material layer 4 and adheres the porous material to the surface of the substrate 2.
As the adhesive constituting the adhesive layer 3, for example, a silicone resin composition having excellent adhesion to the substrate 2, water resistance, weather resistance and little deterioration even in long-term outdoor exposure is used. There is. Such an adhesive is suitable for protecting the surface of the substrate 2 because the silicone resin composition is applied and thus the deterioration is small even in long-term outdoor exposure.
As the silicone resin composition, for example, those containing a silicone resin, a curing catalyst of a silicone resin, a modified silicone resin and / or an epoxy resin are used.
According to such an adhesive layer 3, when the water supplied to the porous material layer 4 reaches the adhesive layer 3, the water can be repelled of water, so the external structure member 1 is even inclined even a little If so, water can be made to flow toward the lower end of the outer structural member 1 in the tilting direction.

The coating material having hydrophilicity constituting the adhesive layer 3 is an exterior thin coating material E, a flexible exterior thin coating material E, and an exterior thick coating material E which is a synthetic resin emulsion-based coating material defined in JIS A 6909. The surface of the coated material after drying is preferably hydrophilic, and the presence or absence of hydrophilicity is hydrophilic when the water is spread when the water is dropped on the surface of the coated material held horizontally. If it is judged that the water is at least held hemispherically and does not spread, it is judged that the water does not have hydrophilicity.
The adhesive layer 3 may be referred to as the coating material layer 3 because it is made of the above-described coating material.

  The synthetic resin emulsion of the coating material is acrylic acid ester copolymer resin, vinyl acetate resin, ethylene vinyl acetate resin, vinyl acetate acrylic acid ester resin, ethylene vinyl chloride resin, silicone modified acrylic resin, If a resin emulsion such as a urethane resin can be used, no film forming aid is added, the film forming temperature is equal to or lower than the temperature at the time of construction, or the film forming conditions are achieved under the application environment by the addition of the film forming aid. good. Even if it is a bridge | crosslinking type, a powder type emulsion etc. can be used for these. Among them, acrylic resin-based emulsions such as acrylic acid ester copolymer-based resins are preferable because of their excellent physical properties of the coated film after drying of the coating material. The film forming aid may, for example, be texanol.

Moreover, a filler, an aggregate, and a coloring pigment may be mix | blended with the coating material which has the said hydrophilicity.
In addition, the filler said here means that whose average particle diameter is less than 100 micrometers, and makes 100 micrometers or more the aggregate. In addition to this, a dispersing agent for uniformly dispersing a filler, a coloring pigment and the like, an antifoaming agent for eliminating bubbles due to winding in the coating material and the like, and a fungicide may be blended. As a commercial item of the coating material which has the said hydrophilic property, there exist Joliput JP-100, JQ-650 (a brand name, Aika Kogyo Co., Ltd. make).

  The coating material having hydrophilicity is applied to the surface of the substrate 2, but a sealer is applied for the purpose of securing the adhesiveness with the substrate 2, and the coating material having the hydrophilicity is applied after drying. Also good. After the coating material having hydrophilicity is applied, the porous material is disposed to be pressed against the surface by spraying or the like before the surface of the coating material is dried.

  Further, a hydrophilic portion is provided on the surface of the porous material disposed in the coating material layer 3, and the hydrophilic portion is formed by spraying and applying a hydrophilic paint on the surface of the porous material. Can do. The purpose of spraying and coating is to avoid that the entire small porous material is covered and the water absorptivity of the porous material is not lost, and the surface of the porous material is partially provided with a hydrophilic portion in a dotted manner. It is for. The means for applying the hydrophilic paint is not limited to the spraying, as long as the hydrophilic part can be provided in a state where a part appears on the surface of the point-like or porous material by means other than the spraying. .

  In addition, it is desirable for the hydrophilic portion to maintain the hydrophilicity over a long period of time, and as a hydrophilic paint maintaining hydrophilicity over the long period of time, there is a photocatalytic paint. By the fact that the hydrophilic part maintains hydrophilicity over a long period of time, the cooling effect according to the present invention results in durability. Of course, the hydrophilic portion may be formed on the adhesive layer 3 in which the porous material is not disposed on the surface. This is because the adhesive layer 3 is hydrophilic, so it is less necessary to impart hydrophilicity, but if a porous material is disposed in a state where a gap is formed on the surface of the adhesive layer 3, It is because it is difficult to spray the hydrophilic paint only on the surface of the porous material.

  Further, the buoy in which the hydrophilic part is formed by the photocatalytic coating is the surface of the porous material, and if the above-mentioned inorganic foam glass is used as the porous material, the organic decomposition action of the photocatalytic titanium oxide affects the porous material. Also, even if the inorganic foam glass is soiled by organic substances such as dust and exhaust gas in the air, the surface is kept clean and the hydrophilic property is maintained by the organic decomposition action of the photocatalyst. The photocatalytic paint includes, for example, a water-based paint composed of photocatalytic titanium oxide as shown in Japanese Patent No. 4107512, and the commercially available photocatalytic paint includes Clean Magic Top Coat JC-500TP (trade name, manufactured by Aika Kogyo Co., Ltd .; N-peroxotitanic acid aqueous solution, titanium dioxide 0.8 to 0.9% by weight).

  In the present embodiment, although the adhesive layer 3 is in a hydrophilic state, the present invention is not limited to this, and the adhesive layer 3 may be hydrophobic.

The porous material layer 4 is configured by coating the surface of the adhesive layer 3 with a water-absorbent porous material. The porous material is sprayed to the surface of the adhesive layer 3.
As a porous material which comprises the porous material layer 4, for example, isolite obtained by burning diatomaceous earth, fluorite, and inorganic foam balloon mainly made of glass are preferably used. Such a porous material is hydrophilic and has high surface tension, and each has a large number of pores of several μm to several tens of μm, and since these pores absorb water, they have a water absorbing property. In addition, water that has entered a large number of pores will be retained in the pores by the surface tension of the water, and the water that has entered these pores and the water that has accumulated between adjacent porous materials evaporates It will be.
The porous material is densely provided on the surface of the adhesive layer 3. That is, the porous material gathers tightly on the surface of the adhesive layer 3 without any gaps, and has a high density. Therefore, in the surface view of the exterior member 1, the adhesive layer 3 is substantially invisible from the gaps of the densely packed porous materials.
In the present embodiment, the porous material is densely provided on the surface of the adhesive layer 3, but the present invention is not limited to this, and depending on the extent to which water wets and spreads in the adhesive layer 3. You may change suitably.

Here, the surface shape of the external member 1 is preferably hydrophilic as described above, and has a large surface tension. Specifically, the contact angle θ when water is dropped on the surface of the exterior member 1 needs to be 90 degrees or less. If the contact angle θ is 90 degrees or less, the surface tension can be increased by roughening the surface according to the Wenzel theory to improve the water diffusivity.
And, in view of such physical properties and design, it is effective to apply aggregate of about 0.1 to 1 mm in particle size on the surface of the member.
The aggregate is preferably a porous material having micro level pores, and water is retained in the pores. If the water absorption rate is 10% or more, the water accumulated in the pores evaporates even after irrigation is stopped, and the evaporative cooling effect can be maintained for an arbitrary time. Further, since the water absorption rate differs depending on the porosity, the evaporation cooling effect can be adjusted by selecting and applying a porous material having an arbitrary porosity according to the expected value of the duration of the evaporation cooling effect.
The smaller the pore diameter, the larger the capillary force, and the larger the diameter, the smaller the capillary force. However, in order for the water collected in the pores to repeat evapotranspiration appropriately in an outdoor environment, the capillary tube From the size of the force, it is desirable that the pore size be distributed between about 1 and 100 μ.

According to the exterior member 1 of the present embodiment as described above, it is possible to exhibit the effect of cooling the outside air introduced into the building, and to provide a cool spot (cool microclimate space) having a lower sensible temperature than the surrounding environment. It is possible to form, and it is easy to introduce even a single-family house etc. with limited space. That is, since the porous material has a large number of pores, it has a large surface tension and has a water absorbency, when water is supplied to the porous material layer 4, the porous material layer 4 is sufficiently watered. Can be included in By this, the base material 2 can be cooled using the vaporization heat of the water contained in the porous material layer 4, and the surrounding air temperature can be reduced in connection with this.
And if the exterior structure 10 is comprised by such an exterior member 1, since the effect which cools the air around an exterior structure can be exhibited, when performing natural ventilation in a building, it was cooled. Outside air can be introduced into the building. Therefore, even in summer, it is possible to form a comfortable living environment in the building without using air conditioners and ventilators, and it is possible to contribute to energy saving and global warming countermeasures. . And it is lightweight compared with porous wall materials, such as a brick, for example, and the freedom of shape is high. Therefore, it can be used over a wide range, and the form factor of the cooling surface in the space to be cooled can be made large. By this, it is possible to form cool spots (a terrace 21 and a tsubo yard 31 described later) in which the sensible temperature is lower than that of the surrounding environment around a building such as a house. And if it is possible to form a cool environment around the environment like this, it is expected that the stay time of people will be longer, and the time spent by going out indoors and outdoors will increase the operating time of the air conditioner, resulting in energy saving. And contribute to global warming countermeasures.

  Further, since the external structure member 1 is configured to include the base material 2, the adhesive layer 3 and the porous material layer 4, the external structure member 1 is limited to newly manufactured members. Can be applied to existing members. That is, even with the existing external structure member 1, the existing external structure member 1 is provided with the adhesive layer 3 and the porous material layer 4, and water is contained in the porous material layer 4. The cooling effect can be easily obtained.

Furthermore, since the porous material layer 4 is provided with a porous material having water absorption densely provided on the surface of the adhesive layer 3, if water is supplied to the porous material layer 4, the diffusion of water is caused by capillary action. It is possible to improve the quality. As a result, the porous material layer 4 can be efficiently wetted with a small amount of water, which can contribute to water saving and energy saving.
Further, since the diffusibility of water is high as described above, it is difficult to form so-called "water leakage" even when the porous material layer 4 of the external structure member 1 is disposed on the vertical surface, for example. That is, when water is generated, the evaporative cooling surface becomes limited, and in addition to the reduction of the cooling effect, the color changes partially like rain stains, so the water diffusion of the porous material layer 4 If the sex is high, such partial discoloration can be prevented and the deterioration of the landscape can be prevented.

Further, since the adhesive layer 3 having hydrophilicity is interposed between the substrate 2 and the porous material layer 4 and the surface has hydrophilicity but does not absorb water, for example, the substrate 2 is a product having low water resistance. Even if it is, water can be supplied to the porous material layer 4 regardless of the water resistance of the base material 2, and the cooling effect can be exhibited. And since water retention can be improved only by changing the surface property of the exterior member 1 in this way, the structural strength and durability of the base material 2 itself are maintained. In addition, since only the porous material layer 4 contains water, it is possible to prevent breakage of the substrate 2 due to freezing and thawing.
Moreover, the same effect can be exhibited also in the case of the adhesive layer which has hydrophobicity.

In addition, since all materials existing in the market can be adopted as the building material for the exterior as the base material 2, the technology of the exterior member 1 can be selected from any place or application, and various Can be expanded to For this reason, if the technology of the exterior member 1 is applied to various places and applications, a large cooling area can be taken. As a result, the shape factor of the cooling surface can be increased in the space in which a person stays, so the bodily sensation temperature (working temperature) of the person can be lowered.
In the present embodiment, the cooling surface or the evaporative cooling surface refers to a portion of the external structure member 1 where the porous material layer 4 is exposed, and a portion where the porous material layer 4 is not provided, porous The portion where the material layer 4 is hidden is not applicable.

Next, an external structure constructed using the external member 1 as described above will be described.
The outer structure according to the present embodiment is a louver device 10 in which a plurality of outer members 1 are placed side by side as shown in FIGS. 1 to 9. That is, the plurality of exterior members 1 are a plurality of wing plates in the louver device 10.
The louver device 10 includes a plurality of support members 11 supporting the plurality of external structure members 1 in addition to the plurality of external structure members 1, and a bracket 12 for attaching the plurality of external structure members 1 to the support members 11. And water supply means.
The plurality of exterior members 1 are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction at intervals, and air is allowed to pass through the gaps formed between the adjacent exterior members 1.

The support 11 which is a support member is a metal rectangular tube elongated in the vertical direction. The end cap 11a is fitted in and closed at the upper end opening, and the bottom end is embedded with ground-clad concrete (not shown) and buried in the ground.
A bracket 12 is attached to the support member 11 along its length direction.
In the louver device 10 of the present embodiment, the columns 11 are provided corresponding to the positions of the longitudinal direction end portions of the plurality of external structure members 1, and stably support the plurality of external structure members 1 ing. That is, at least two support posts 11 are used to stably support the plurality of exterior members 1.

The bracket 12 is formed by combining a first member 13 attached to the exterior member 1 and a second member 14 attached to a support 11 serving as a support member.
Further, a bracket 12 formed by combining the first member 13 and the second member 14 is formed in a hollow shape, and a water supply pipe 17 (described later) is passed through the inside thereof. .

The first member 13 is attached to the exterior member 1 as described above. When the back side is reversed, the exterior member 1 is also attached.
Further, the first member 13 of the present embodiment has a vertical surface 15 to which the exterior member 1 is to be attached.
If it demonstrates in more detail, the 1st member 13 is a metal elongate material formed in cross-sectional U-shape, as shown to FIG. 6, FIG. The first member 13 has a central plate portion 13a whose one surface side is a vertical surface 15 and a side plate portion 13b projecting in the direction opposite to the vertical surface 15 from both widthwise end portions of the central plate portion 13a. And.

Moreover, the length of the first member 13 is the length of the gap between several external members 1 and several external members 1 among the plural external members 1 arranged side by side. It is set to.
That is, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the several exterior members 1 are connected to each other by the first member 13 and panelized (panels P1 and P2). A central plate portion 13 a of the first member 13 is screwed to each of the plurality of exterior members 1.
The louver device 10 is formed by attaching a plurality of panelized components P1 and P2 along the length direction of the support 11 in this manner.
The panel P1 is composed of a total of four exterior members 1 including the exterior member 1 positioned at the top and the first member 13 and the panel P2 is the exterior member 1 positioned at the top It consists of a total of five exterior members 1 and first members 13 which are not included. Moreover, the number of the exterior members 1 can be changed suitably, and the length of the first member 13 is changed according to the number of the exterior members 1 used.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the second member 14 is a metal angle member formed in a U-shaped cross section and intermittently attached in the length direction of one side surface of the support column 11. The second member 14 is opposed to the central plate portion 13a of the first member 13 and fixed to the support 11 from the central plate portion 14a, and one side surface of the support 11 from both widthwise end portions of the central plate portion 14a. And the side plate part 14b which protrudes in the opposite direction.
The width dimension of the central plate portion 14a is set shorter than the central plate portion 13a of the first member 13, as shown in FIG.
Further, the positions of the side plate portions 14 b are also closer to the center than the side plate portions 13 b of the first member 13.

The first member 13 and the second member 14 are combined by fitting the second member 14 in a space surrounded by the central plate portion 13 a and the side plate portions 13 b of the first member 13.
At this time, the outer side surface of the side plate portion 14 b of the second member 14 overlaps the inner side surface of the side plate portion 13 b of the first member 13. And these overlapping both-sides board parts 13b and 14b are screwed together.
Further, the side plate portions 14 b of the second member 14 may be set to abut on the central plate portion 13 a of the first member 13 when the first member 13 and the second member 14 are combined. That is, the distance between the central plate portions 13a and 14a is set based on the dimension of the side plate portions 14b of the second member 14 projecting to the first member 13 side.
An internal hollow portion through which the water supply pipe 17 passes is formed between the first member 13 and the second member 14 combined as described above.
In addition, since the second member 14 is intermittently attached in the length direction of one side surface of the support 11, the inner hollow portion is formed also using one side surface of the support 11. However, when the second member 14 is formed to be elongated in the longitudinal direction of one side surface of the support 11 as an embodiment different from the present embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this.
Moreover, when the second member 14 is intermittently attached in the length direction of one side surface of the support column 11, the second member 14 is disposed in alignment with a position straddling the boundary between the vertically adjacent first members 13, 13. is there.

In addition, the bracket 12 is not limited to the above structure, It can change suitably in the range which does not deviate from the main point of this invention. That is, while being able to attach the some exterior member 1 with respect to the support | pillar 11, the internal hollow part which lets the water supply pipe 17 pass may be formed.
Further, since the first member 13 and the second member 14 are both U-shaped in cross section, the upper end of the bracket 12 is open, but the upper end opening is formed by the end cap 11 a of the support 11. It will be in the closed state with the upper end opening.

  The water supply means has a water supply source 16, a water supply pipe 17, and a controller 18, as shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG.

The water supply source 16 is an external water tap (stand-up faucet), and in the present embodiment, a two-port faucet is adopted, and in particular, one faucet is used for irrigation. And the water supply pipe 17 is connected to the said one faucet.
In the present embodiment, the water supply source 16 is the external water supply, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, rainwater flowing from a gutter may be used as the water supply source. In such a case, rainwater may be temporarily stored in a tank, which may be pumped up and used, or rainwater from a rain gutter may be supplied directly to the louver device 10 through a gutter etc. May be In any case, since rainwater is mixed with impurities and the like, it is desirable to use after filtering. In the case of supplying rainwater through a weir or the like, it is preferable that a filtering device be incorporated between the gutter and the louver device 10.

The water supply pipe 17 extends from the water supply source 16 to the louver device 10, and is further passed upward from below into the internal hollow portion of the bracket 12 attached to the support 11. And this water supply pipe 17 is continued to the external structure member 1 located in the uppermost part among several external structure members 1.
In addition, as the water supply pipe 17, a hard pipe of metal or resin may be used, a soft tube of resin may be used, and these may be used together using a pipe for connection.
Furthermore, at the tip of the water supply pipe 17 disposed up to the exterior member 1 positioned at the top, a watering tube 17a provided with dotted outlets for blowing out water in the lengthwise direction is connected.

The controller 18 is provided in the vicinity of the base end (the side with the water faucet) of the water supply pipe 17 or in the middle of the water supply pipe 17 until it reaches the louver device 10. In the present embodiment, it is provided at the proximal end of the water supply pipe 17.
The controller 18 can control the amount and supply / stop of water flowing from the water supply source 16 to the louver device 10. In addition, the provision of the clocking function and the temperature / humidity measurement function enables timer control of water supply / stop, and control based on the surrounding environment such as temperature / humidity.

The plurality of louver devices 10 may be arranged in directions orthogonal to each other. Also, although not shown, a plurality of louver devices 10 may be arranged linearly in a row and in parallel or in parallel.
The example shown in FIG. 3 arranges a plurality of louver devices 10 in directions orthogonal to each other so as to be L-shaped in plan view. In such a case, a watering tube 17 a extends from one louver device 10 receiving water supply from the water supply source 16 to the other louver device 10.
More specifically, the external member 1 located at the top of the plurality of external members 1 in one louver device 10 and the external member located at the uppermost one of the plurality of external members 1 in the other louver device 10 The irrigation tube 17 a is extended to the member 1. Then, by watering one louver device 10, it is possible to simultaneously water the other louver device 10.
When the plurality of louver devices 10 are arranged in the direction orthogonal to each other as described above, sunlight may escape from one louver device 10 to the other louver device 10. In such a case, evaporation of water in the plurality of external members 1 can be promoted from the front side of one louver device 10 and from the back side of the other louver device 10. As a result, even if one of the two louver devices 10 is installed in a relatively bad place, the cooling effect can be exhibited, which is preferable.

Next, the shape and mounting form of the external structure member 1 attached to the louver device 10, or the function thereof, etc. will be described in more detail.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a plurality of examples of the exterior member 1 and a louver in which the exterior member 1 shown in FIG. 1 (a) is an exterior structure according to the present embodiment as shown in FIG. The apparatus 10 is employed. The external structure member employed in the louver device 10 is not limited to that shown in FIG. 1 (a), and may be appropriately changed to those shown in FIGS. 1 (b) to 1 (d).
The external structure member 1 is configured to include the base material 2, the adhesive layer 3 and the porous material layer 4 as described above, but the external structure as shown in FIGS. When the whole member 1 is seen, it has the upper surface part 5, the folding part 6, and the connection part 7 as the site | part. Moreover, although the both ends of each exterior member 1 are open, it will be in the state closed with the end cap.
In the exterior members 1 (1B to 1D) shown in FIGS. 1 (b) to 1 (d), the representations of the base 2, the adhesive layer 3 and the porous material layer 4 are omitted, but FIG. Similar to the external structure member 1 shown in (a), it is configured to include the base material 2, the adhesive layer 3 and the porous material layer 4.

The upper surface portion 5 points to a portion of the upper surface of the exterior member 1 and is inclined forward at an angle to the vertical surface 15.
More specifically, the upper surface portion 5 is inclined to be gradually lowered as it is separated from the vertical surface 15 with respect to the vertical surface 15 which is one surface side of the central plate portion 13 a of the first member 13. Then, the water flows along the upper surface portion 5 toward the tip end in the inclination direction.
The upper surface portion 5 of the exterior member 1 employed in the louver device 10 according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1A extends from the base end (end on the vertical surface 15 side) to the tip end in the inclination direction. It is straight but it is not limited to this. Although not illustrated, for example, it may be formed in a curved shape in a cross sectional view, or may be formed in a step shape. That is, the water in the upper surface portion 5 may be inclined to flow downward as it is separated from the end on the vertical surface 15 side.

The folded-back portion 6 is a tip end side of a portion of the outer structure member 1 that bulges downward and is a portion that is folded back from the tip portion of the upper surface portion 5 to the lower side of the upper surface portion 5. The water that has flowed along the upper surface portion 5 flows further downward along the folded portion 6.
Water reaching the lower end portion of the folded back portion 6 hangs down from the lower end portion of the folded back portion 6 and falls to the upper surface portion 5 of the exterior member 1 adjacent to the lower side.
The folded portion 6 of the external member 1 employed in the louver device 10 according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1A has a top end (an end integral with the top end of the top surface 5) to a bottom end. Although it inclines straight toward the (end part by the side of the perpendicular surface 15), it is not restricted to this. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), for example, it may be formed in a curved shape in a cross sectional view, or may be formed in a step shape although not shown. That is, it is preferable that water flows toward the end in the folding direction (the end on the vertical surface 15 side).

The connection portion 7 is a base end side (vertical surface 15 side) of a portion of the outer structure member 1 which bulges downward, and a base end portion (end portion on the vertical surface 15 side) of the upper surface portion 5 and a folded portion It points to a portion connecting the tip end portion in the folding direction 6 (the end portion on the vertical surface 15 side). The connection portion 7 is a portion attached to the vertical surface 15 of the external structure member 1.
The amount of water dropped to the upper surface portion 5 is large, and the water overflowing on the vertical surface 15 side before flowing to the tip end side of the upper surface portion 5 is transmitted to the connection portion 7. The water transmitted to the connection portion 7 is transmitted to the lower end portion of the connection portion 7 and finally, with the water hanging down from the lower end portion of the folded back portion 6, the upper surface portion 5 of the exterior member 1 adjacent below. Droops down.
In addition, the connection part 7 of the exterior member 1 employ | adopted as the louver apparatus 10 of this Embodiment shown to Fig.1 (a) is a lower end from the upper end part (end part integral with the base end part of the upper surface part 5). Although it forms so that it may have a perpendicular | vertical surface and an inclined surface over a part (end part integral with the lower end part of the folding | returning part 6), it is not restricted to this. As shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 1 (c), they may be inclined straight, or as shown in FIG. 1 (d), they may be formed to have more corners. Moreover, although not shown, it may be formed in a curve or zigzag. That is, water should flow toward the lower end portion of itself.

The base material 2 in the outer structure member 1 positioned at the uppermost portion among the plurality of outer structure members 1 is formed in a hollow shape, and an opening for introducing water into the base material 2 inside the connection portion 7 The part 2a is formed. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 6, the watering tube 17a is inserted into the inside of the base 2 through the opening 2a so that water can be introduced.
In addition, in the connection portion 7 of the exterior member 1 positioned at the uppermost portion, the drainage ports 2 b for dripping water to the exterior member 1 adjacent to the lower side are dotted in the length direction of the connection portion 7. It is formed.

Then, as shown in FIG. 1, the ratio of the depth dimension L2 of the folded portion 6 to the depth dimension L1 of the external structure member 1 itself is from the ratio of the depth dimension L3 of the connecting portion 7 to the depth dimension L1 of the external structure member 1 itself. Is also set large.
In other words, in order to secure a wide area of the surface (the porous material layer 4) except for the connection portion 7 in contact with the bracket 12 (or the vertical surface 15), the folded portion with respect to the depth dimension L1 of the external structure member 1 itself By lengthening the depth dimension L2 of 6, the area occupied by the folded back portion 6 in the surface area of the exterior member 1 is secured as wide as possible. As a result, the water absorption surface which is the porous material layer 4 is secured as wide as possible.
In addition, if a configuration is employed in which the water absorbing surface is widely secured by lengthening the depth dimension L2 of the folded-back portion 6 with respect to the depth dimension L1 of the external structure member 1 itself, it is necessary to change the look dimension L4 in the vertical direction. It also disappears. That is, in each example of FIGS. 1A to 1D, even if the depth dimension L2 of the folded portion 6 and the depth dimension L3 of the connecting portion 7 are different from each other, the looking dimension L4 in the vertical direction is equal. It is shown.
Further, for example, when the exterior member 1 shown in FIG. 1A is described as an example, the depth dimension L1 of the exterior member 1 itself and the looking dimension L4 in the vertical direction are not changed. The depth dimension L2 may be arbitrarily changed in a state in which the depth dimension L2 is kept longer than the depth dimension L3 of the connection portion 7. In this way, the tip end portion (the end portion on the opposite side to the vertical surface 15) of the exterior member 1 becomes thin, and a sharp impression can be given.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 10, when vertically projecting a plurality of external members 1, the distance L6 between the external members 1, 1 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction is the lower end portion of the external member 1 below. The opening ratio is set to a predetermined distance L7 between the lower end portion of the upper external structure member 1 and the lower end portion of the outer structure member 1 above.
In the present embodiment, the distance between the external members 1, 1 is set such that the aperture ratio with respect to the vertical projection area, that is, L6 / L7 is “33%”.
Thereby, in the exterior structure 10, while a scattered light can pass and a brightness can be ensured, when the exterior member 1 is seen from the front, a gaze will come out. Furthermore, since the opening portion is felt to be larger than the actual opening ratio by the folded back portion 6 folded back to the lower side of the upper surface portion 5, the feeling of lightness of the external structure member 1 is increased, and the feeling of intimidating is reduced. Further, a sharp impression can be given to the exterior member 1 from the shape of the tip.
From the relationship between L1 and L6, the solar altitude through which the direct solar radiation passes is 28 degrees from the L4 side (angle of "x" in Fig. 10) and 24 degrees from the L5 side ("y" in Fig. 10 Angle). That is, after sunrise, the direct solar radiation passes only in a time zone where the solar altitude is low for about 2 hours before sunset. After sunrise, if it is about 2 hours before sunset, it is a function to sufficiently shield against solar radiation in hot daytime since it is before the daytime temperature starts to rise and the evening temperature starts to fall It can be said that
In addition, for example, since the sun altitude in winter daytime in Tokyo is about 30 degrees, there are only a few minutes during which the solar radiation is completely shielded in winter. Therefore, there is no problem for winter solar radiation acquisition, and it can be said that both summer solar radiation shielding and winter solar radiation acquisition can be realized.
As mentioned above, in order to secure a water absorption side widely in order to heighten a cooling effect, and also to secure a water absorption side widely in order to shield solar radiation in summer, acquisition of solar radiation in winter, reduction of a sense of intense, a sharp design For the contradictory requirements, optimum member dimensions are set.
Although the aperture ratio is set to 33% in the present embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, according to the area where the exterior structure 10 is installed, and the shape of the exterior member 1, it may be changed suitably. However, it is preferable to set the aperture ratio within a range of about 30% to 36%, in consideration of the solar altitude before sunset and sunrise in summer and the solar altitude in winter and daytime. More specifically, before installing the external structure 10, the solar height for each time zone in the area where the external structure 10 is installed is determined, and the external members adjacent above and below based on the solar height Set the interval between 1, 1 as appropriate. The interval (opening ratio) at this time is set in the range of about 30% to 36%.

Subsequently, among the external members 1 shown in FIG. 1, the external members 1 which are not adopted in the louver device 10 of the present embodiment will be described.
The external member 1 employed in the louver device 10 according to the present embodiment is not limited to that shown in FIG. 1 (a), and those shown in FIGS. 1 (b) to 1 (d) are adopted. You may employ | adopt suitably, as long as it is a range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention.

The outer surface member 1 (hereinafter, the outer surface member 1B) shown in FIG. 1 (b) is formed such that the upper surface portion 5 (hereinafter, the upper surface portion 5B) is inclined straight, and the folded portion 6 (hereinafter, folded portion 6B) Is formed in a curved shape, and the connection portion 7 (hereinafter, connection portion 7B) is formed to be inclined straight.
The outer surface member 1 (hereinafter, the outer surface member 1C) shown in FIG. 1 (c) is formed such that the upper surface portion 5 (hereinafter, the upper surface portion 5C) is inclined straight, and the folded portion 6 (hereinafter, folded portion 6C) And the connection part 7 (following, connection part 7C) is also inclined and formed straight. However, the upper end portion of the connection portion 7C is disposed at a position slightly closer to the center of the upper surface portion 5 among the base end portions of the upper surface portion 5.
The outer surface member 1 (hereinafter, the outer surface member 1D) shown in FIG. 1 (d) is formed such that the upper surface portion 5 (hereinafter, the upper surface portion 5D) is inclined straight, and the folded portion 6 (hereinafter, folded portion 6D) It is also formed to be straight and inclined. The connection portion 7 (hereinafter, connection portion 7D) is formed to have a plurality of corners.

In the case of the connection parts 7B, 7C, 7D in the external structure members 1B, 1C, 1D, the contact area to the vertical surface 15 is extremely small unlike the connection parts 7 in the external structure member 1 shown in FIG.
In such a case, the auxiliary brackets 15b, 15c, 15d corresponding to the shapes of the connection portions 7B, 7C, 7D are attached to the surface of the vertical surface 15, and each of the auxiliary brackets 15b, 15c, 15d is attached. The connection parts 7B, 7C, 7D may be fixed.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the louver device 10 having the above-described exterior structure performs an assembly operation on a sheet-shaped curing material 41 laid on a flat surface 40 such as the ground. At this time, the plurality of exterior members 1 use the panels P1 and P2 in advance. Also, the second member 14 of the bracket 12 is intermittently attached to the support 11 in advance.
First, the panels P1 and P2 are arranged in order such that the panel P1 including the exterior member 1 positioned at the top is positioned at the top.
Subsequently, the water supply pipe 17 is disposed in the concave portions (a space surrounded by the central plate portion 13a and the side plate portions 13b) of the plurality of first members 13 aligned in a straight line in the panels P1 and P2 arranged in order. In addition, the tube 17a for irrigation is inserted from the opening 2a to the exterior member 1 positioned at the top, and the tube 17a for irrigation and the water supply pipe 17 are connected.
Subsequently, the first member 13 and the second member 14 are combined such that the second member 14 is fitted in the recess of the first member 13.
At this time, since the outer side surface of the side plate portion 14b of the second member 14 and the inner side surface of the side plate portion 13b of the first member 13 overlap, these overlapping side plate portions 13b and 14b are screwed together.
When all the first members 13 and the second members 14 are screwed, the assembly operation of the louver device 10 is completed.

Next, the installation structure of the louver apparatus 10 which is an exterior structure is demonstrated.
The louver apparatus 10 is installed in site S1, S2 in which buildings 20 and 30, such as a house, are built, as shown to FIG. 8, FIG.

First, in the site S1 shown in FIG. 8, a terrace 21 adjacent to the building 20 is disposed. A louver device 10, which is an exterior structure, is installed along the outer edge of the terrace 21. That is, the louver device 10 is disposed apart from the outer wall of the building 20. Between the exterior structure arranged in this manner and the outer wall, it is considered as a cool spot which can lower the temperature than the surrounding. That is, the terrace 21 is considered as a cool spot.
The louver device 10 installed in the site S1 shown in FIG. 8 has a plurality of louver devices 10 arranged in directions orthogonal to each other so as to be L-shaped in plan view as shown in FIG. . More specifically, two louver devices 10 are arranged along the southeast corner of the terrace 21.
In the vicinity of the ground of these louver devices 10, planting may be appropriately performed.

The building 20 includes an entrance 22, a living room 23, a toilet 24, a staircase 25, a watering room 26, and a living room 27.
The entrance 22 is disposed on the first floor of the building 20, and includes an entrance porch, a front door and a entrance hall.
The room 23 is disposed on the east side of the entrance 22, and is a room in which the functions of a living room (L), a dining room (D) and a kitchen room (K) coexist.
The toilet 24 is disposed further to the east of the north side portion (the dining room / kitchen room side) of the living room 23.
The stairs 25 are disposed on the east side of the toilet 24 and, although not shown, are provided up to the second floor of the building so as to wrap around above the toilet 24. That is, the toilet 24 and the stairs 25 form a staircase room.
The water circulation room 26 is disposed on the east side of the stairs 25 and includes a washroom changing room and a bathroom.
The room 27 is disposed on the south side of the toilet 24, the stairs 25 and the water-covered room 26, and is configured as a Japanese-style room.
Each adjacent room is accessible via an entrance. Further, at the entrance, a fitting for opening and closing the entrance is appropriately provided, and the opening and closing of the entrance is performed by the fitting as necessary. When it is desired to ventilate the inside of the building 20, the entrance is opened appropriately.

The terrace 21 which is a cool spot is located on the east side of the south side portion (living room side) of the living room 23 and on the south side of the living room 27 which is a Japanese-style room.
Moreover, this terrace 21 is provided with the water holding floor part 21a which has water holding performance. The said water holding floor part 21a consists of a water holding material which has water holding performance.
As such a water-retaining material, for example, pumice with a particle size of 3 to 20 mm (dry specific gravity is 0.4) 50 to 62% by weight and Portland cement without mixing sand and without adding an additive for compensating the strength What mixed and solidified 40 to 50 weight% of water with the compound of 50 to 38 weight% is used.
Moreover, what was solidified using asphalt as a binder of aggregate is also mentioned. That is, any one having water retention performance and water permeability performance may be used.

An opening 23 a such as a window with a fitting is formed on a wall of the room 23 facing the terrace 21. One of the plurality of louver devices 10 is installed opposite to the opening 23a.
In addition, in the living room 23, openings 23b to 23e such as windows with fittings are provided.
The opening 23 b is a sweep-out window facing south, and is disposed in a direction orthogonal to the opening 23 a on the terrace 21 side.
The opening 23 c is formed on the wall of the north surface of the living room 23 and faces the kitchen room of the north side portion of the living room 23.
The opening 23 d is formed on the wall of the west surface of the living room 23 and faces the kitchen room of the north side portion of the living room 23.
The opening 23 e is formed on the wall of the west face of the living room 23 and faces the dining room in the central part of the living room 23.

An opening 27a is formed in a wall facing the terrace 21 in the room 27 which is a Japanese-style room. In addition, in the living room 27, there is an entrance / exit between other rooms, and the entrance / exit can be opened / closed to adjust ventilation.
The other of the plurality of louver devices 10 is installed opposite to the opening 27 a of the living room 27.

In addition, the building 20 is located above the terrace 21 and includes a sun cover 28 for shielding solar radiation to the terrace 21.
The sun cover 28 in the present embodiment is a balcony that protrudes from the upper floor of the building 20. That is, the terrace 21 is covered by the balcony 28 at the upper side, and is partially surrounded by the louver device 10 at the side periphery.
In addition, although the suncover part 28 was made into the balcony in this Embodiment, it is not restricted to this, For example, the gutter and awning etc. which project from the outer wall of the building 20 may be sufficient. In addition, it may be a so-called overhang portion in which the upper floor of the building is provided in a projecting manner.

In the case of the building 20 shown in FIG. 8, if the louver device 10 is watered and the plurality of exterior members 1 are made to absorb water, the air passing through the gaps between the plurality of exterior members 1 is It is cooled. And the cooling effect of such air can be spread over the terrace 21 which is a cool spot.
Furthermore, the balcony 28 which is a sun cover can suppress the temperature rise of the terrace 21 whose temperature has dropped due to the cooling effect of the louver device 10.
Furthermore, the cooling effect of the air by the water holding floor 21a of the terrace 21 can be obtained, and the temperature of the terrace 21 can be reduced.
And such cold air of the terrace 21 can be taken in from the opening 23a of the living room 23, and can be circulated to the other opening 23c, 23d, 23e side provided on the north side of the living room 23. In addition, the cold air that has flowed into the living room 23 may be sent to the north side by using the wind taken in from the opening 23 b which is a sweep window on the south surface.
In addition, the cool air of the terrace 21 can be taken in from the opening 27a of the room 27, which is a Japanese-style room, and can be circulated to other rooms through the respective entrances and exits. For example, if it distribute | circulates to the step 25 side arrange | positioned facing an entrance and exit, since cold air can be sent also to another floor, it is preferable. Moreover, if it distribute | circulates to the room 23 side, much cold air can be taken in with respect to the room 23 with the opening part 23a.

On the other hand, in the site S2 shown in FIG. 9, a basic garden 31 adjacent to the building 30 is provided. Then, a louver device 10, which is an exterior structure, is installed along the outer edge of the basic garden 31. That is, the louver device 10 is disposed apart from the outer wall of the building 30. Between the exterior structure arranged in this manner and the outer wall, it is considered as a cool spot which can lower the temperature than the surrounding. In other words, Tsuboiwa 31 is considered as a cool spot.
In the louver device 10 installed in the site S2 shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of louver devices 10 as shown in FIG. 3 are arranged in directions orthogonal to each other so as to be L-shaped in plan view. is there. More specifically, two louver devices 10 are arranged along the southwest corner of the tsubo yard 31.
In the vicinity of the ground of these louver devices 10, planting may be appropriately performed.

The building 30 includes an entrance 32, a living room 33, a toilet 34, a staircase 35, a watering room 36, and a living room 37.
The entrance portion 32 is disposed on the southeast side of the first floor of the building 30, and includes an entrance porch, an entrance pit, and an entrance hall.
The room 33 is disposed from the west side to the north side of the entrance 32, and is a room in which functions of a living room (L), a dining room (D), a kitchen room (K), and a corridor are shared. In addition, an opening 33a, which is a discharge window, is provided on the south face of the south side portion (living room).
The toilet 34 is disposed on the northwest side of the building 30 and on the west side of the living room 33 (kitchen room).
The stairs 35 are disposed on the south side of the toilet 34, and although not shown, they are provided up to the second floor of the building so as to wrap around above the toilet 34. That is, the toilet 34 and the stairs 35 form a staircase room.
The water circulation room 36 is disposed on the south side of the stairs 35, and includes a washroom changing room and a bathroom.
The room 37 is disposed on the east side of the water pouring room 36 and on the west side of the room 33, and is configured as a Japanese-style room.
In addition, each adjacent room (except for the adjacent water circulation room 36 and the living room 37) is allowed to enter and exit through the entrance. Further, at the entrance, a fitting for opening and closing the entrance is appropriately provided, and the opening and closing of the entrance is performed by the fitting as necessary. When it is desired to ventilate the building 30, the entrance is opened as appropriate.

The Tsubiwa 31 which is a cool spot is disposed on the south side of the water filling room 36 and on the west side of the room 27 which is a Japanese-style room.
An opening 37a is formed in a wall of the living room 37 which is a Japanese-style room facing the tsubo yard 31. The opening 37 a is a ground window provided near the floor of the living room 37.
In addition, in the living room 37, there is an entrance and exit between the living room 33 (living room), and the entrance can be opened and closed to adjust ventilation.
Then, one of the plurality of louver devices 10 is installed facing the opening 37 a of the living room 37.

  In addition, in the case of the building 30 shown in FIG. 9, although the suncover part located above the basic garden 31 is not provided, and the basic garden 31 is not provided with a water holding floor part having water holding performance, It is not something that can be done. If necessary, a sun cover or a water holding floor as described in the description of the example shown in FIG. 8 may be employed.

In the case of the building 30 shown in FIG. 9, if the louver device 10 is watered and the plurality of exterior members 1 are made to absorb water, the air passing through the gaps between the plurality of exterior members 1 is It is cooled. And the cooling effect of such air can be spread also to the tsubiwa 31 which is a cool spot.
And such cold air of the tsubo yard 31 can be taken in from the opening (ground window) 37a of the living room 37, and can be circulated from the inside of the living room 37 to the living room 33 through the entrance and exit. In addition, the cold air that has flowed into the living room 33 may be carried on the wind taken in from the opening 33 a which is a sweep window of the south face of the living room 33 and sent to the north side.

According to the present embodiment, since the porous material has a large number of pores, high surface tension, and water absorbability, when the water is supplied to the porous material layer 4, this porous material layer 4 can contain enough water. As a result, the heat of vaporization of the water contained in the porous material layer 4 can be used to reduce the temperature of the surface of the exterior member 1 and, hence, around the exterior structure 10.
Moreover, if water is supplied to the porous material layer 4, the diffusivity of water can be improved by capillary action. As a result, the porous material layer 4 can be efficiently wetted with a small amount of water, which can contribute to water saving and energy saving.
Further, even if, for example, the base material 2 is a product having low water resistance, water can be supplied to the porous material layer 4 regardless of the water resistance of the base material 2, and a cooling effect can be exhibited. it can. And since water retention can be improved only by changing the surface property of the exterior member 1 in this way, the structural strength and durability of the base material 2 itself are maintained.
Further, since the upper surface portion 5 is inclined forward at a constant angle with respect to the vertical surface 15, the water in the upper surface portion 5 is the tip end portion in the inclination direction (lower end: opposite side to the vertical surface 15) Flow to the end of the Furthermore, since the folded back portion 6 is folded from the tip end portion of the upper surface portion 5 to the lower side of the upper surface portion 5, the water flowing in the upper surface portion 5 is transmitted to the folded back portion 6 and flows downward, and the lower end of the folded back portion 6 It can be dripped from the part. As a result, the water flowing through the upper surface portion 5 of the upper outer structure member 1 can be reliably dropped onto the upper surface portion 5 of the lower outer structure member 1, so that a plurality of outer structures constituting the outer structure 10 Water can be supplied to the entire structural member 1 in order from the top.
The connecting portion 7 connects the base end portion of the upper surface portion 5 (end portion on the vertical surface 15 side) and the tip end portion in the folding direction of the folded portion 6 (end portion on the vertical surface 15 side) Being attached, the exterior member 1 can be securely attached to the vertical surface 15.
Since the ratio of the depth dimension L2 of the folded portion 6 to the depth dimension L1 of the external structure member 1 itself is set larger than the ratio of the depth dimension L3 of the connecting portion 7 to the depth dimension L1 of the external structure member 1 itself. The area of the folded back portion 6 can be secured widely. That is, since the folded-back portion 6 having a large area can be used as a water absorbing surface, the cooling effect of the air around the exterior structure 10 can be enhanced.
Furthermore, if it is possible to secure a wide area of the folded back portion 6 in this manner, for example, the depth dimension L1 of the upper surface portion 5 is increased or the upper and lower dimensions of the folded back portion 6 are increased. There is no need to do it. Therefore, the appearance dimension L4 in the vertical direction when the external structure member 1 is viewed from the front is prevented from being elongated, so that the feeling of intimacy can be eliminated and a sharp impression can be given. Moreover, if each exterior member 1 can give a sharp impression, it can give a sharp impression also as the exterior structure 10 whole.

  Further, the base material 2 in the outer structure member 1 positioned at the uppermost portion among the plurality of outer structure members 1 is formed in a hollow shape, and an opening for introducing water into the base 2 inside the connection portion 7 side surface Since the portion 2a is formed, water can be supplied to the inside of the base material 2 in the exterior member 1 positioned at the top, and the opening 2a for introducing water can be hidden, and the appearance is good. .

Further, the plurality of exterior members 1 can be attached to the support member 11 via the bracket 12, and can be reliably supported by the support member 11.
In addition, since the bracket 12 is formed by combining the first member 13 attached to the external structure member 1 and the second member 14 attached to the support member 11, the first member 13 and the second member are formed. If the water supply pipe 17 is easily set when the water supply pipe 17 is separated, the first member 13 and the second member 14 with the water supply pipe 17 set to either the first member 13 or the second member 14 If the bracket 12 is formed in combination with 14, the water supply pipe 17 can be easily passed through the inside of the bracket 12. Moreover, the water supply pipe 17 can be hidden inside the bracket 12, and the appearance is good.

Further, the distance between the vertically adjacent outer structural members is set to a predetermined aperture ratio with respect to the distance L7 between the lower end of the lower outer structural member 1 and the lower end of the upper outer structural member 1. Therefore, the scattered light passes through to ensure the brightness, and the line of sight is broken when the external structure member is viewed from the front. Also, depending on the aperture ratio, it is possible to adjust the amount of brightness and the line of sight that can be secured.
Furthermore, since the opening portion is felt larger than the actual opening ratio by the folded back portion 6 folded back to the lower side of the upper surface portion 5, the feeling of lightweight of the concave member 1 is increased, and the feeling of intimidating is reduced. Further, a sharp impression can be given to the exterior member 1 from the shape of the tip.
In addition, depending on the aperture ratio, in summer, after sunrise, it has a function to sufficiently shield against solar radiation in the hot time zone during the day except for the time zone where the sun height is low before sunset. In addition, by setting the aperture ratio as it is, it is possible to suppress a time zone in which solar radiation is completely shielded even in winter, in a short time. Therefore, there is no problem for winter solar radiation acquisition, and it is possible to achieve both summer solar radiation shielding and winter solar radiation acquisition.
Therefore, while maintaining the solar radiation shielding and cooling effect of summer by the exterior structure 10, the exterior structure 10 and the exterior structure 10 satisfying the requirements for ensuring brightness, reducing the feeling of intimacy, and improving the design. It can respond suitably with respect to the desire to provide the installation structure of.
Explaining such a demand in more detail, there is a demand to further enhance the cooling effect obtained by the outer member and the outer structure than the conventional outer member and the outer structure.
Therefore, it may be considered to secure a wide water absorption surface to enhance the cooling effect, but simply increasing the size of the outer structural member causes problems such as the decrease in solar radiation acquisition in winter, the darkening, and the deterioration in appearance. The
That is, when the depth dimension of the upper surface portion is lengthened or the vertical dimension of the side surface portion is lengthened, the scattered light does not enter either, which makes it dark, when the external structural member shields the winter solar radiation from the front There is a problem that the line of sight can not be cut off, and the size of the finder in the vertical direction becomes long and the sharpness is lacking.
In view of such a problem etc., the opening ratio of the space | interval of the external structure members 1 and 1 adjacent to the upper and lower sides as mentioned above is set.

  Also, the exterior structure 10 is disposed apart from the outer walls of the buildings 20 and 30, and a cool spot between the exterior structure 10 and the outer wall can have a temperature lower than that of the surroundings. Since the terrace 21 and the tsubo garden 31 which are cool spots in the present embodiment are cooled down by the cooling effect of the external structure 10, the comfort of the terrace 21 and the tsubo garden 31 in summer can be reduced. It can be improved.

  In addition, since the building 20 is located above the terrace 21 which is a cool spot, and includes the sun cover 28 for shielding the solar radiation to the terrace 21, the temperature of the building is lowered by the cooling effect of the external structure 10 The temperature rise of the terrace 21 can be suppressed. That is, the temperature of the terrace 21 can be reduced by the synergetic effect of the exterior structure 10 and the sun cover 28.

  Further, since the sun cover 28 is a balcony that protrudes from the upper floor of the building 20, it has two functions as the balcony 28 and the sun cover 28 and has only one function as a sun cover. It is convenient compared to things and there is no waste.

  Moreover, since the terrace 21 is provided with the water holding floor part 21a which has water holding performance, not only the exterior structure 10 but the cooling effect of the air by the water holding floor part 21a can be acquired, and the air temperature of the said terrace 21 is reduced. be able to. That is, the temperature of the terrace 21 can be reduced by the synergetic effect of the exterior structure 10 and the water holding floor portion 21 a. In particular, in the example of the building 20 shown in FIG. 8, the terrace 21 is provided with the water holding floor 21a, and the sunshade 28 is also provided above the terrace 21, so the synergetic effect is higher.

Moreover, since the exterior structure 10 is installed facing the openings 23a, 27a, 37a of the buildings 20, 30, the cooling effect of the air around the exterior structure 10 can be determined by the openings 23a, 27a. , 37a can also be distributed within the buildings 20, 30. As a result, the cooled air is introduced into the buildings 20 and 30 through the openings 23a, 27a and 37a when natural ventilation is performed especially in summer, so that a comfortable living environment is formed in the buildings 20 and 30. Can.
In addition, since the external structure 10 capable of giving a sharp impression can be seen from the openings 23a, 27a and 37a, it is possible for the viewer of the external structure 10 from the inside of the buildings 20 and 30 as well. It can give a sharp impression.

1, 1 B, 1 C, 1 D Exterior member 2 base material 3 adhesive layer 4 porous material layer 5, 5 B, 5 C, 5 D upper surface portion 6, 6 B, 6 C, 6 D folded portion 7, 7 B, 7 C, 7 D connection portion 10 outside Structural structure (louver device)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Support member 12 Bracket 13 1st member 14 2nd member 15 Vertical surface 17 Water supply pipe 20 Building 21 Cool spot (terrace)
23 room 23a opening 27 room 27a opening 28 sun cover 30 building 31 cool spot (tsubo garden)
37 Room 37a Opening (Ground Window)
L1 depth dimension L2 depth dimension L3 depth dimension L4 appearance dimension P1 panel P2 panel S1 site S2 site

Claims (9)

An outer structure in which a plurality of outer structural members configured to include a base material and a porous material layer including a porous material layer provided with a porous material having water absorption on the surface side of the base material are arranged side by side. In the structure,
The plurality of exterior members are attached to the vertically elongated vertical surface at a distance from each other.
The external member is
An upper surface portion inclined forward at an angle to the vertical surface;
A folded back portion which is folded back from the tip end of the upper surface to the lower side of the upper surface;
And connecting the proximal end portion of the upper surface portion and the distal end portion in the folding direction of the folded portion while being attached to the vertical surface ;
The folded-back portion and the connection portion form a downwardly bulging portion located at the lowermost end portion of the exterior member ,
The folded portion is positioned on the tip end side of the downwardly bulging portion, and is inclined so as to gradually lower toward the downwardly bulging portion,
The connection portion is located on the proximal side of the downwardly bulging portion, and is inclined so as to gradually lower toward the downwardly bulging portion,
The ratio of the depth dimension of the folded portion to the depth dimension of the exterior member itself is set larger than the ratio of the depth dimension of the connection portion to the depth dimension of the exterior member itself. Structure. In the external structure according to claim 1,
The base in the outermost structural member of the plurality of outer structural members is formed in a hollow shape, and an opening for introducing water into the base is formed on the side surface of the connection portion. And a drainage port for dropping water introduced into the inside of the base material to the exterior member adjacent to the lower side is formed in the vicinity of the downwardly bulging portion. object. In the external structure according to claim 1 or 2,
A bracket which has the vertical surface and is hollow and through which a water supply pipe passes;
A vertically long support member to which the bracket is attached;
An external structure characterized in that the bracket is formed by combining a first member attached to the external structure member and a second member attached to the support member. In the external structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
When vertically projecting the plurality of external members, the distance between the external members adjacent to each other in the vertical direction is the distance between the lower end of the external member below and the lower end of the external member above Is set to a predetermined aperture ratio,
The exterior structure is characterized in that the aperture ratio is based on a solar elevation for a predetermined time during which direct solar radiation passes between the exterior members adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, according to the installation area of the exterior structure. An external structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is an installation structure of the external structure formed in a site where a building is constructed,
The exterior structure is disposed apart from the outer wall of the building,
An installation structure of an exterior structure characterized in that the space between the exterior structure and the outer wall is a cool spot which can lower the temperature than the surroundings. In the installation structure of the exterior structure according to claim 5,
The installation structure of an exterior structure, wherein the building is located above the cool spot, and includes a sunshade unit for shielding sunlight to the cool spot. In the installation structure of the exterior structure according to claim 6,
The installation structure of the exterior structure, wherein the sunshade portion is a balcony that protrudes from the upper floor of the building. In the installation structure of the exterior structure according to any one of claims 5 to 7,
The said cool spot is equipped with the water holding floor part which has water holding performance, The installation structure of the exterior structure characterized by the above-mentioned. In the installation structure of the exterior structure according to any one of claims 5 to 8,
The installation structure of the exterior structure, wherein the exterior structure is installed facing the opening of the building.