JP6541172B2 - Measuring device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a measuring device.

In the assembly process of the transmission apparatus, the transmission case such as an input shaft or a countershaft provided with gears and bearing members is incorporated in the clutch housing and then the transmission case is combined with the clutch housing. At this time, on the clutch housing side, measure the height from the mating surface to be the reference surface with the transmission case to the bearing member attached to the transmission, and from the mating surface to be the reference surface with the clutch housing on the transmission case side The depth to the end face of the attaching part for attaching a member is measured. That is, the mating surface of the transmission case and the mating surface of the clutch housing are used as a reference surface, and the measurement reference portion of the measuring device is brought into contact with this reference surface. The contact portion is brought into contact, and the distance from the reference surface to the end face of the bearing member or the mounting portion is measured. Then, after selecting a shim that is an optimum adjustment tool in accordance with the difference in measurement dimension between the two and incorporating the shim into the end face of the mounting portion of the transmission case, it is combined with the clutch housing.
When measuring the dimensional error of a plurality of objects to be assembled with a measuring device before mounting the shim, it is desirable to measure as accurately as possible. However, there is one contact or the like between the measurement contact portion of the measurement apparatus and the measurement object. Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which the measurement contact portion that contacts the measurement object is movable, and the measurement contact portion is fitted to the measurement object to prevent one-side contact.

Patent No. 3454463 gazette

As in Patent Document 1, making the measurement contact portion in contact with the measurement object movable is one method to reduce the measurement error, but the measurement reference portion is also used on the reference surface side that is the reference of measurement. Since the occurrence of one-by-one occurrence is foreseen, it is necessary to improve the measurement standard part in order to further improve the measurement accuracy.
The object of the present invention is to improve the measurement accuracy by preventing a partial contact on the measurement contact portion side in contact with the measurement object and the measurement reference portion side in contact with the reference surface of the measurement object. .

In order to achieve the above object, the measuring device according to the present invention comprises a plurality of measurement reference portions capable of coming into contact with the reference surface of the measurement object, and a plurality of measurement abutment portions capable of coming into contact with the measurement points of the measurement object And a measurement tool for measuring the distance between the reference surface and the measurement point in a state where the measurement reference portion and the measurement contact portion respectively abut the reference surface and the measurement point, and the measurement reference portion and the measurement contact portion Each has a floating portion contacting the reference surface and the measurement point, and the floating portion is integrated so that a gap is formed in the fixing portion and the fixing portion via a spherical surface, and the reference surface and the measurement point are and a movable portion having a contact with the contact surface, the movable portion is characterized movable der isosamples along the spherical surface with respect to the fixed part.

  According to the present invention, the measurement reference portion and the measurement contact portion are provided with the fixed portion and the contact surface which is movable with respect to the fixed portion via the sphere and which contacts the reference surface and the measurement point Since each of the movable parts is provided, one-side contact on the measurement contact part side in contact with the measurement object and on the measurement reference part side in contact with the reference surface of the measurement object is prevented, and measurement accuracy is enhanced. Can.

The figure which shows schematic structure of a transmission apparatus. The front view explaining the composition of the measuring device concerning a 1st embodiment concerning the present invention. The side view explaining the composition of the measuring device concerning a 1st embodiment concerning the present invention. Sectional drawing explaining the structure of the measurement contact part of the measuring device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. FIG. 5 is a plan view illustrating the positional relationship between the measurement reference unit and the mating surface according to the first embodiment. It is a figure explaining the structure of the other end of the measurement reference | standard part which concerns on 1st Embodiment, (a) is an expanded sectional view which shows the state of the other end of a measurement reference | standard part when in a standby position, (b) The expanded sectional view which shows the state of the other end of a measurement reference | standard part when it exists in a measurement position. The figure which shows the structure of the injection | spray nozzle and air piping which were provided in the measurement reference | standard part of the measuring device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure explaining the composition of the other end of a measurement contact part concerning a 1st embodiment, and (a) is an expanded sectional view showing the state of the other end of a measurement contact part when in a waiting position, (b ) Is an enlarged sectional view showing the state of the other end of the measurement contact portion when in the measurement position. It is a figure explaining the composition of the pressurization means which the measuring device concerning a 1st embodiment is equipped with, and (a) is an expanded sectional view showing the state when in a standby position, (b) is in a measurement position The expanded sectional view showing the state of time. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a control system of the measurement device according to the first embodiment. The front view explaining the composition of the measuring device concerning a 2nd embodiment concerning the present invention. The side view explaining the composition of the measuring device concerning a 2nd embodiment concerning the present invention. Sectional drawing explaining the structure of the measurement reference | standard part of the measuring device which concerns on 2nd Embodiment, and a measurement contact part. The top view explaining the positional relationship of the measurement reference | standard part which concerns on 2nd Embodiment, and a mating surface. It is a figure explaining the structure of the other end of the measurement reference | standard part which concerns on 2nd Embodiment, (a) is an expanded sectional view which shows the state of the other end of a measurement reference | standard part when in a standby position, (b) The expanded sectional view which shows the state of the other end of a measurement reference | standard part when it exists in a measurement position. The figure which shows the structure of the injection | spray nozzle and air piping which were provided in the measurement reference | standard part of the measuring device which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure explaining the composition of the other end of a measurement contact part concerning a 2nd embodiment, and (a) is an expanded sectional view showing the state of the other end of a measurement contact part when in a waiting position, (b ) Is an enlarged sectional view showing the state of the other end of the measurement contact portion when in the measurement position. It is a figure explaining the composition of the pressurization means which the measuring device concerning a 2nd embodiment is equipped with, (a) is an expanded sectional view showing the state when in a standby position, (b) is in a measurement position The expanded sectional view showing the state of time. The block diagram which shows the structure of the control system of the measuring device which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, a plurality of embodiments of the present invention will be described using the drawings. In each embodiment, the same members or members having the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the repeated description will be appropriately omitted. Note that, in consideration of the easiness of viewing the drawings, the configuration requirements may be partially omitted and described.
The assembly process of the transmission device 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The transmission apparatus 1 includes a clutch housing 2 and a transmission case 3 as external components. The clutch housing 2 and the transmission case 3 are disposed to face each other. In the clutch housing 2, an input shaft 4 having a plurality of gears serving as a transmission and one end sides 4 a and 5 a of the countershaft 5 are rotatably assembled via bearing members 6 and 7. The input shaft 4 and the other end sides 4 b and 5 b of the counter shaft 5 are rotatably assembled to the transmission case 3 via bearing members 8 and 9. Then, the mating surfaces 2a and 3a of the clutch housing 2 and the transmission case 3 are joined and integrated by fastening with a fastening member such as a bolt. The input shaft 4 and the countershaft 5 are assembled such that their axes O1 and O2 are perpendicular to the mating surface 2a.

  As described above, when the transmission device 1 is assembled, the input shaft 4 and the rear end sides 4b and 5b of the countershaft 5 project from the mating surface 2a of the clutch housing 2 in the axial direction. On the other hand, the transmission housing 3 is inserted from the axial direction into the input shaft 4 and the rear end sides 4b and 5b of the countershaft 5, and the mating surface 3a of the transmission housing 3 is joined to the mating surface 2a of the clutch housing 2. Therefore, in order to join the clutch housing 2 and the transmission housing 3 without a gap, the amount of projection of the input shaft 4 and the countershaft 5 from the mating surface 2a of the clutch housing 2 (the distance L1 to the bearing members 8 and 9) And the depth from the mating surface 3a of the transmission case 3 to the end faces 3b1 and 3c1 of the mounting portions 3b and 3c for mounting and supporting the input shaft 4 and the rear end sides 4b and 5b (bearing members 8 and 9) of the countershaft 5 It is desirable that the distances L2) be the same. However, in fact, due to manufacturing errors of the clutch housing 2 and the transmission case 3, and an assembly error of the input shaft 4 and the countershaft 5, the distance between the two may not be the same. For this reason, in order to fill in this dimensional error, shims 10, 10 serving as adjustment tools with a thickness equivalent to the dimensional error are interposed between the mounting portions 3b, 3c of the transmission case 3 and the bearing members 8, 9. The distance between the two is adjusted. In the present embodiment, dimensional errors of 1/100 mm are assumed, and therefore, a plurality of shims 10 and 10 having different thicknesses in 1/100 mm are prepared.

  The measuring device according to the present invention includes a distance L1 from the mating surface 2a of the clutch housing 2 to the bearing members 8 and 9 of the input shaft 4 and the countershaft 5 and an input shaft 4 and the countershaft from the mating surface 3a of the transmission case 3 The distance L2 to the end faces 3b1 and 3c1 of the mounting portions 3b and 3c for mounting and supporting the bearing members 8 and 9 of No. 5 is individually measured in 1/100 mm units. A measuring device for measuring the distance L1 on the clutch housing 2 side is indicated by the numeral 100, and a measuring device for measuring the distance L2 on the transmission case 3 is indicated by the numeral 200.

First Embodiment
The measuring device 100 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 measures the distance L1 described in FIG. The reference surface of the measurement object in the measuring device 100 is the mating surface 2 a of the clutch housing 2, and the measurement points of the measurement object are the end surfaces 8 a and 9 a of the bearing members 8 and 9. In the present embodiment, the positions of the end faces 8a and 9a of the bearing members 8 and 9 are disposed on the same plane.
The measuring device 100 includes a plurality of measurement reference portions 101 (A), 101 (B), and 101 (C) that can contact the mating surface 2 a, and the end surfaces 8 a of the input shaft 4 and the bearing members 8 and 9 of the counter shaft 5. , 9a, a plurality of measurement abutments 102A, 102B, and measurement reference portions 101 (A), 101 (B), 101 (C) and measurement abutments 102A, 102B are a mating surface 2a and an end face The measuring tool 103A, 103B which measures the distance L1 of the joint surface 2a and the end surface 8a, 9a in the state each abutted to 8a, 9a is provided. Since the measurement reference units 101 (A), 101 (B), and 101 (C) basically have the same configuration, they will be described as the measurement reference unit 101 below, and an alphabet will be used to describe the characteristic measurement reference unit. A to C are appropriately attached and described.

The measuring device 100 is provided at its lower part with a horizontal mounting portion 109 for setting the clutch housing 2. The mounting portion 109 is provided with a fixing tool (not shown) for fixing the clutch housing 2. The clutch housing 2 in which the input shaft 4 and the countershaft 5 are assembled is fixed on the mounting portion 109 by this fixing tool so that the mating surface 2a is positioned upward and horizontal.
The plurality of measurement reference portions 101 are in the form of metal cylinders, and extend in the axial direction of the input shaft 4 and the countershaft 5, respectively. The plurality of measurement reference parts 101 are fixed such that one end 101 a thereof projects downward from the lower surface 104 a vertically downward on the lower surface 104 a of the reference plate 104 arranged horizontally above the placement part 109 It is done.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the reference plate 104 is mounted on the slide base 106 which is movably supported in the vertical direction indicated by the arrow Z on the main body base 105 of the measuring apparatus 100 and is integrated with the slide frame 106. It is movable in the elevation direction Z. The slide frame 106 has an L-shaped side surface, and the lower side portion 106 a is slidably supported by the main body base 105. The movable rod 108 of the actuator 107, which is moved in the raising and lowering direction Z by air pressure, is fixed to the long side 106b perpendicular to the lower side 106a. In the present embodiment, the axial directions of the input shaft 4 and the countershaft 5 in the measuring device 100 are the same as the elevating direction Z.

As shown in FIG. 2, the main body base 105 is disposed at an interval in the elevating direction Z, and sensors 181 and 182 for position detection are mounted. The sensor 181 located at the upper side detects the standby positions of the plurality of measurement reference portions 101 and the measurement abutment portions 102A and 102B, and the sensor 182 located at the lower side is a plurality of measurement reference portions 101 and the measurement abutment portions The measurement positions of 102A and 102B are detected.
The other ends 101 b of the plurality of measurement reference portions 101 are provided with floating portions 110 (A to C) serving as contact portions contacting the mating surface 2 a. Since the configurations of the floating portions 110 (A to C) are the same, (A to C) are omitted. The floating portion 110 is, as shown in FIG. 6A, a metal movable with respect to the end surface 111 of the other end 101 b of each measurement reference portion 101 serving as a fixed portion and the end surface 111 via a metallic sphere 112. The movable portion 113 is made of The end surface 111 and the opposing surface 113 b of the movable portion 113 are opposed to each other, and are integrated such that a gap S is formed between the opposing surfaces via the sphere 112. The lower surface 113a of each movable portion 113 forms an abutting surface with the mating surface 2a. In the present embodiment, the plurality of measurement reference portions 101 are mounted on the reference plate 104 such that the mating surface 2a and the lower surface 113a of the floating portion 110 face each other at different positions. That is, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the plurality of measurement reference parts 101 are arranged to support three points with respect to the mating surface 2 a in plan view.

In the present embodiment, as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 3, the reference plate 104 is lifted, and the lower surfaces 113a of the plurality of measurement reference portions 101 are separated from the mating surface 2a as shown in FIG. Position is the standby position. In the present embodiment, the reference plate 104 is lowered as shown by solid lines in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the lower surfaces 113a of the plurality of measurement reference portions 101 are in contact with the mating surface 2a as shown in FIG. The position is taken as the measurement position.
In each floating portion 110, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, a jet nozzle 130 (A to A) as a jet portion that jets air from the lower surface 113a of the movable portion 113 toward the mating surface 2a. C) is provided. Since the configurations of the injection nozzles 130 (A to C) are the same, (A to C) are omitted in FIG. In the lower surface 113a, injection holes 113c communicating with the injection nozzles 130 are formed, and the air injected from the injection nozzles 130 is injected toward the mating surface 2a.

As shown in FIG. 7, each injection | spray nozzle 130 (AC) is respectively connected with the compressor 172 used as an air supply source via air piping 171A, 171B, 171C. Pressure sensors 173A, 173B and 173C are attached to the air pipes 171A, 171B and 171C, respectively, so that the pressure in the pipe can be detected. The three on-off valves 174A, 174B and 174C are provided with electronic on-off valves 174A, 174B and 174C on the air pipes 171Aa, 171Ba and 171Ca between the pressure sensors 173A, 173B and 173C and the compressor 172, respectively. It is an electromagnetic valve which carries out opening-closing control of each air piping 171A, in order to introduce and stop air to three injection nozzles 130 (A to C).
The compressor 172 and the actuator 107 are connected via air pipes 175 and 176. The air pipes 175 and 176 are provided with electronic on-off valves 177 and 178 for opening and closing the air pipes 175 and 176 in order to introduce and stop air to the actuator 107.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the two measurement abutments 102A and 102B extend in the axial direction of the input shaft 4 and the countershaft 5, respectively, and penetrate the reference plate 104 in the elevating direction Z. There is. As shown in FIG. 4, one ends 102Aa and 102Ba of the measurement abutments 102A and 102B located above the reference plate 104 have an axial shape. The shaft-shaped one ends 102Aa and 102Ba are respectively slidably supported in the elevating direction (axial direction) Z by sleeves 120A and 120B having a sliding function fixed to the reference plate 104. Cylindrical outer cases 121A and 121B are attached to the outside of the sleeves 120A and 120B, respectively. The end faces 102Ac and 102Bc of the one ends 102Aa and 102Ba respectively protrude above the sleeves 120A and 120B and the outer cases 121A and 121B. The detection units 103Aa and 103Ba of the measurement units 103A and 103B are in contact with the end surfaces 102Ac and 102Bc, respectively.
At the other end 102b of the measurement contact portion 102 positioned below the reference plate 104, insertion portions 122A and 122B for inserting the input shaft 4 and the other ends 4b and 5b of the countershaft 5 are formed. . Conical members 124A and 124B as central position exit members biased downward by springs 123A and 123B as biasing means are incorporated in the respective insertion portions 122A and 122B. Each insertion part 122A, 122B is for preventing the axis line fall of the input shaft 4 and the counter shaft 5 at the time of measurement. The conical members 124A and 124B are shaft jigs for entering the holes formed at the centers of the end faces 4d and 5d (see FIG. 2) and keeping the axial centers vertical. . The insertion portions 122A and 122B and the conical members 124A and 124B are formed such that their center lines are located on the same axis. The respective conical shaped members 124A, 124B are respectively slidably supported in the vertical direction (axial direction) Z via the cylindrical bushes 126A, 126B with respect to the insertion portions 122A, 122B.

The other ends 102Ab and 102Bb of the plurality of measurement abutting portions 102A and 102B are provided with floating portions 140A and 140B serving as contact portions contacting the end surfaces 8a and 9a of the bearing members 8 and 9 of the input shaft 4 and the countershaft 5 It is done. As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the floating portions 140A and 140B are the end portions 141A and 141B of the other ends 102Ab and 102Bb of the measurement contact portions 102A and 102B which become fixed portions, and the ends It has metal movable parts 143A and 143B movable with respect to the parts 141A and 141B. The end portions 141A and 141B and the movable portions 143A and 143B face each other. The end portions 141A and 141B include hemispherical curved surfaces 141Aa and 141Ba, and mounting flange surfaces 141Ab and 141Bb formed around the curved surfaces 141Aa and 141Ba.
The movable portions 143A, 143B are provided with hemispherical curved surfaces 144Aa, 141Ba along the curved surfaces 141Aa, 141Ba, and mounting flange surfaces 144Ab, 144Bb facing the mounting flange surfaces 141Ab, 141Bb. The movable parts 143A and 143B are in a state where the curved surfaces 144Aa and 144Ba are in contact with the curved surfaces 141Aa and 141Ba, and the mounting flange surfaces 144Ab and 144Bb and the mounting flange surfaces 141Ab and 141Bb are coupled by a plurality of bolts 145A and 145B serving as fastening members. By being fastened and fixed, the other end 102 b of the measurement contact portion 102 is integrated. When the movable portions 143A and 143B are integrated with the other ends 102Ab and 102Bb of the measurement abutment portions 102A and 102B, a gap S1 is formed between the mounting flange surfaces 144Ab and 144Bb and the mounting flange surfaces 141b and 141Bb. It is formed to be. The lower surface 143 a of each movable portion 143 forms an abutting surface with the end surfaces 8 a and 9 a of the bearing members 8 and 9.

  In the present embodiment, the plurality of measurement contact portions 102A and 102B are mounted on the reference plate 104 such that the mating surface 2a and the lower surface 143a of the floating portion 140 face each other at different positions. In the present embodiment, as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 3, the reference plate 104 is lifted, and as shown in FIG. 8A, the lower surfaces 143Aa, 143Ba of the plurality of measurement abutments 102A, 102B are bearings. A position away from the end faces 8a, 9a of the members 8, 9 is taken as a standby position. In the present embodiment, the reference plate 104 is lowered as shown by solid lines in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, and the lower surfaces 143Aa, 143Ba of the plurality of measurement abutting portions 102A, 102B are bearings as shown in FIG. The position in contact with the end faces 8a, 9a of the members 8, 9 is taken as the measurement position.

The lower surfaces 113a of the plurality of measurement reference portions 101 and the lower surfaces 143Aa and 143Ba of the measurement contact portions 102A and 102B are different in height in the elevation direction Z. Both height differences L3 (see FIG. 3) are set equal to the distance L1 (see FIG. 2). That is, when the input shaft 4 and the other ends 4b and 5b of the countershaft 5 are inserted into the respective insertion portions 122 at the measurement positions, the plurality of measurement reference portions 101 and the measurement contact portions 102 The height at which the conical member 124 contacts 122 is set.
As shown in FIG. 4, in the measuring units 103A and 103B, the detecting units 103Aa and 103Ba are supported with respect to the main bodies 103Ab and 103Bb so as to be movable back and forth in the moving direction Z, and the detecting units 103Aa and 103Ba are moved in the moving direction Z It is a well-known linear scale which detects a movement with the sensor accommodated in main body 103Ab, 103Bb.
In the present embodiment, the reference value of the measurement units 103A and 103B is 0 (zero) when the input shaft 4 and the other ends 4b and 5b of the countershaft 5 are inserted in the insertion portions 122 at the measurement position. . In the measurement units 103A and 103B, addition (+) occurs when the detection units 103Aa and 103Ba move upward from the reference position, and subtraction (−) occurs when the detection units 103Aa and 103Ba move downward. The outputs from the measuring units 103A and 103B are input to the control unit 170 described later.
For example, assuming that the distance L1 and the height difference L3 are 500 mm and this value is a reference value 0 (zero), when the detecting units 103Aa and 103Ba move downward, the moving distance α1 becomes 500 mm downward, and the detecting unit 103Aa When the 103Ba moves upward, it becomes 500 mm + the upward movement amount α2.

As shown in FIG. 2, the long side portion 106 b of the slide frame 106 is provided with a pair of pressing means 160 for pressing the support plate 104 and suspending and supporting the support plate 104. Each pressing means 160 is outside the measurement abutments 102A and 102B and, as shown in FIG. 5, each center point on the same straight line O3 as the measurement abutments 102A and 102B in plan view. Are arranged to be located.
As shown in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b), each pressurizing means 160 moves forward and backward in the vertical direction Z with respect to the casing 161 fixed to the long side portion 106b of the slide frame 106 and the casing 161. The pressure rod 162 which can be supported, the coil spring 163 which biases the pressure rod 162 toward the reference plate 104, and the holder 165 which supports the tip 162a of the pressure rod 162 on the reference plate 104 Have.

A floating head 166 is formed on the tip end 162 a side of each pressing rod 162. In each floating head 166, a bottom surface 166a facing the top surface 104b of the reference plate 104 is formed in a hemispherical shape. At a portion of the floating head 166 above the bottom surface 166a, an inclined truncated cone portion 166b having a smaller diameter as it goes upward than the diameter of the bottom surface 166a is formed.
Each holder 165 is fixed to the reference plate 104. In each holder 165, an internal space 167 larger than the outer shape of the floating head 166 is formed. In each internal space 167, an inclined surface 167a parallel to the truncated cone portion 166b is formed at a portion facing the truncated cone portion 166b.
In each floating head 166, when the measurement reference portion 101 and the measurement abutment portions 102A and 102B are in the standby position, as shown in FIG. 9A, each holder 165 is positioned downward by the weight on the reference plate 104 side. doing. Therefore, in each floating head 166, the truncated cone portion 166b abuts on the inclined surface 167a, and the bottom surface 166a floats from the upper surface 104b of the reference plate 104. The weight on the reference plate 104 side does not act on each floating head 166 when the measurement reference portion 101 and the measurement abutment portions 102A and 102B are at the measurement position. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9B, each floating head 166 protrudes toward the upper surface 104b of the reference plate 104 by the action of the coil spring 163, so that the truncated cone portion 166b is in contact with the inclined surface 167a. Each is removed, and the upper surface 104 of the reference plate 104 is configured to be pressed.
The centers of the respective floating heads 166 and the centers of the respective holders 165 are arranged on the same axis, and when the truncated cone portion 166b and the inclined surface 167a are in contact with each other, the respective floating heads 166 with respect to the respective holders 165 are arranged. It is configured to be centered.

As shown in FIG. 10, the compressor 172, the pressure sensors 173A, 173B, 173C, the on-off valves 174A, 174B, 174C, the on-off valves 177, 178, the sensors 181, 182 and the measuring tools 103A, 103B It is connected via a signal line.
The control unit 170 is configured of a computer that controls the operation of the compressor 173 and the operation of the measuring device 100. When the measurement start switch 151 provided on the operation panel 150 of the measuring device 100 is operated, the control unit 170 operates the compressor 172 to open the on-off valve 178 to lower the movable rod 108 of the actuator 107, The three measurement reference portions 101 and the two measurement abutment portions 102A and 102B are moved toward the measurement position. When the sensor 182 detects a measurement position, the control unit 170 is configured to close the on-off valve 178 and simultaneously open the on-off valves 174A, 174B, and 174C to inject air from each injection nozzle 130.
When the measurement end switch 152 provided on the operation panel 150 of the measuring device 100 is operated, the control unit 170 operates the compressor 172 to open the on-off valve 177 and lower the movable rod 108 of the actuator 107 up and down. The three measurement reference portions 101 and the measurement abutment portions 102A and 102B are moved toward the standby position.
The control unit 170 is configured to stop the operation of the compressor 172 when the sensor 181 detects the standby position, and to hold the three measurement reference units 101 and the measurement abutment units 102A and 102B at the standby position. There is.
As shown in FIGS. 6 (b) and 8 (b), each of the measurement reference portions 101 and the measurement abutment portions 102A and 102B of the control portion 170 is an end face 8a of the mating surface 2a and the bearing members 8 and 9. , 9a when the injection pressure from each injection nozzle 130, that is, the pressure P detected by the pressure sensors 173 (A to C) is equal to or higher than a preset reference pressure P1, each measuring tool 103 Start the measurement value by. If the injection pressure from each injection nozzle 130, ie, the pressure P detected by the pressure sensors 173 (A to C), does not reach the preset reference pressure P1, the control unit 170 uses the measuring tools 103A and 103B. Stop the measurement. The term “stopping measurement” as used herein includes such an aspect that data output from the measuring tools 103A and 103B is not used as a measurement value, or data output from each measuring tool 103 is not received.

According to the measuring apparatus 100 having such a configuration, when the measurement start switch 151 is operated by the operator, the three measurement reference portions 101 and the measurement abutment portions 102A and 102B are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 from the standby position. It moves toward the measurement position shown by the solid line, and when the sensor 182 detects the measurement position, it stops at the measurement position. Then, the lower surface 113a of the movable portion 113 of the measurement reference portion 101 is in contact with the mating surface 2a as shown in FIG. 6B, and the lower surface 143a of the measurement contact portion 102 is as shown in FIG. The bottom surface 166a of the floating head 166 of each pressing means 160 pressurizes the reference plate 104, as shown in FIG. 9B, while contacting the end faces 8a and 9a of the bearing members 8 and 9, respectively.
At this time, as shown in FIG. 6B, the lower surface 113a of each measurement reference portion 101 that abuts in a state of being pressed against the mating surface 2a is the end face of the other end 101b of each measurement reference portion 101 that becomes a fixed portion. 111 are provided so as to be movable via spheres 112, respectively. For this reason, one-side contact with the mating surface 2a is prevented.
Further, the lower surfaces 143Aa and 143Ba of the measurement contact portions 102A and 102B, which come into contact with the end surfaces 8a and 9a of the bearing members 8 and 9 in a pressurized state, become fixed portions as shown in FIG. The movable members 143A and 143B are provided movably with respect to the curved surfaces 141Aa and 141Ba of the end surfaces 141A and 141B of the other ends 102Ab and 102Bb of the measurement abutment portions. For this reason, even when the bearing members 8 and 9 are inclined, the movable portions 143A and 143B move accordingly and the partial contact with the end surfaces 8a and 9a of the bearing members 8 and 9 is prevented.
That is, in the present embodiment, since the floating portion 110 and the floating portion 140 are provided on both the mating surface 2 a side and the reference side and the measurement side on the bearing members 8 and 9 side, the measurement accuracy is enhanced compared to the conventional configuration. Can.

The floating part 110 of each measurement reference part 101 has the injection nozzle 130 for injecting air from the lower surface 113a of the movable part 113 toward the mating surface 2a, so when foreign matter such as swarf is present on the mating surface 2a Can be blown away by the injected air. In addition, when each measurement reference portion 101 and the measurement abutment portions 102A and 102B occupy the measurement position, when the injection pressure P from each injection nozzle 130 does not reach the preset reference pressure P1, Since measurement by the measuring tools 103A and 103B is stopped, erroneous measurement can be prevented.
That is, when foreign matter such as swarf adheres to the mating surface 2a, a gap is formed between the lower surface 113a of the floating portion 110 of the measurement reference portion 101 which is the three-point support portion and the mating surface 2a. The pressure detected by the pressure sensors 173A to 173C does not reach the reference pressure P1. For this reason, measurement does not start. On the other hand, when the lower surface 113a and the mating surface 2a of the floating portion 110 of the measurement reference portion 101, which is a three-point support, are in close contact with each other, the mating surface 2a and the lower surface 113a contact each other. Detection pressure rises. Therefore, when the value of the pressure rise reaches the preset reference pressure P1, measurement is started on the assumption that the lower surface 113a of the floating portion 110 and the mating surface 2a do not float. Therefore, erroneous measurement can be prevented.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the center of the floating head 166 and the centers of the holders 165 are arranged on the same axis, and in the state of contact between the truncated cone portion 166b and the inclined surface 167a, each holder 165 Pressurizing means 160, 160 configured to center the floating head 166 are provided. Therefore, since the reference plate 104 can be uniformly pressurized at the time of measurement, it is possible to stably hold the mating surface 2a and the lower surface 113a of the measurement reference portion 101. The end faces 8a and 9a of the bearing members 8 and 9 and the lower surfaces 143Aa and 143Ba of the measurement abutment portions 102A and 102B are different from each other, so that the one-piece contact can be further prevented and the measurement accuracy can be enhanced.

Second Embodiment
The measuring device 200 shown in FIGS. 11 to 13 measures the distance L2. The reference surface of the measurement object in the measuring device 200 is the mating surface 3a of the transmission case 3, and the measurement point of the measurement object is the attachment portion of the transmission case 3 supporting the end surfaces 6a, 7a of the bearing members 6, 7 They are end faces 3b1 and 3c1 of 3b and 3c. In the present embodiment, the end faces 3b1 and 3c1 of the mounting portions 3b and 3c for supporting the end faces 6a and 7a are disposed on the same plane.
The measuring device 200 includes a plurality of measurement reference portions 201 (A), 201 (B), 201 (C) that can contact the mating surface 3 a and a plurality of measurement contacts that can contact the mounting surface 3 c of the transmission case 3. The contact portions 202A and 202B, the measurement reference portions 201 (A), 201 (B) and 201 (C), and the measurement contact portions 202A and 202B are respectively disposed on the mating surface 3a and the end surfaces 3b1 and 3c1 of the attachment portions 3b and 3c. It is provided with measuring tools 203A and 203B which measure the distance L2 of the mating face 3a and the end faces 3b1 and 3c1 in the state of contact. The measurement reference units 201 (A), 201 (B), and 201 (C) basically have the same configuration, and therefore, in the following description, they will be described as the measurement reference unit 201 and the specific measurement reference unit will be described. The alphabet A to C will be appropriately given and described.

The measuring device 200 is provided at the lower part thereof with a horizontal mounting portion 209 for setting the transmission case 3. The mounting unit 209 is provided with a fixing tool (not shown) for fixing the transmission case 3. The transmission case 3 is fixed on the mounting portion 209 by the fixing tool such that the mating surface 3 a is positioned upward and horizontal.
The plurality of measurement reference portions 201 are fixed such that one end 201 a thereof projects downward from the lower surface 204 a vertically downward to the lower surface 204 a of the reference plate 204 disposed horizontally above the placement portion 209. It is done.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the reference plate 204 is attached to the slide frame 206 supported so as to be movable in the elevation direction Z at the main body base 205 of the measuring device 200. It is supposed to be movable. The side surface shape of the slide frame 206 is L-shaped, and the lower side portion 206 a is slidably supported by the main body base 205. The movable rod 208 of the actuator 207, which is moved in the raising and lowering direction Z by air pressure, is fixed to the long side 206b perpendicular to the lower side 206a. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, the main body base 205 is disposed at an interval in the elevation direction Z, and sensors 281 and 282 for position detection are mounted. The sensor 281 located above detects the standby positions of the plurality of measurement reference parts 201 and the measurement abutments 202A and 202B, and the sensor 282 located below is a plurality of measurement reference parts 201 and the measurement abutments The measurement positions of 202A and 202B are detected.

  The other ends 201 b of the plurality of measurement reference portions 201 are provided with floating portions 210 serving as contact portions contacting the mating surface 3 a. As shown in FIGS. 15 (a) and 15 (b), each floating portion 210 has a spherical surface 212 made of metal with respect to the end surface 211 of the other end 201b of each measurement reference portion 201 serving as a fixed portion and the end surface 211. Each has a movable portion 213 made of metal which can be moved through. The end surface 211 and the opposing surface 213b of the movable portion 213 are opposed to each other, and are integrated such that a gap S is formed between the opposing surfaces via the sphere 212. The lower surface 213a of each movable portion 213 forms an abutting surface with the mating surface 3a. In the present embodiment, the plurality of measurement reference portions 201 are mounted on the reference plate 204 such that the mating surface 3a and the lower surface 213a of the floating portion 210 face each other at different positions. That is, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, the plurality of measurement reference parts 201 are arranged to support three points with respect to the mating surface 3a in plan view.

In the present embodiment, as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIGS. 11 and 12, the reference plate 204 ascends, and as shown in FIG. 15A, the lower surfaces 213a of the plurality of measurement reference portions 201 are from the mating surface 3a. The spaced position is taken as the standby position. In the present embodiment, the position where the lower surface 213a of the plurality of measurement reference parts 201 contacts the mating surface 3a as shown in FIG. I assume.
In each floating portion 210, as shown in FIGS. 15 (a) and 15 (b), a jet nozzle 230 (A to A) as a jet portion that jets air from the lower surface 213a of the movable portion 213 toward the mating surface 3a. C) is provided. Since the configurations of the injection nozzles 230 (A to C) are the same, (A to C) are omitted in FIG. In the lower surface 213a, injection holes 213c communicating with the injection nozzles 230 are formed, and the air injected from the injection nozzles 230 is injected toward the mating surface 3a.

As shown in FIG. 16, each injection nozzle 230 is connected to a compressor 272 serving as an air supply source via an air pipe 271. Each injection nozzle 230 (A to C) is connected to a compressor 272 serving as an air supply source via air pipes 271A, 271B, and 271C. Pressure sensors 273A, 273B, and 273C are attached to the air pipes 271A, 271B, and 271C, respectively, so that the pressure in the pipe can be detected. The three on-off valves 274A, 274B and 274C are provided with electronic on-off valves 274A, 274B and 274C on the air pipes 271Aa, 271Ba and 271Ca between the pressure sensors 273A, 273B and 273C and the compressor 272, respectively. It is an electromagnetic valve which carries out open-close control of each air piping 271A, 271B, and 271C in order to introduce and stop air to three injection nozzles 230 (A to C).
The compressor 272 and the actuator 207 are connected via air pipes 275, 276. The air pipes 275, 276 are provided with electronic on-off valves 277, 278 for controlling the air pipes 275, 276 in order to introduce and stop the air to the actuator 207.

As shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, the measurement abutment portions 202A and 202B extend from the reference plate 204 toward the mounting table 209 and penetrate the reference plate 204 in the elevating direction Z. The measurement abutment portions 202A and 202B are formed in a shaft shape, and as shown in FIG. 13, in the elevating direction (axial direction) Z by the sleeves 220A and 220B having a sliding function fixed to the reference plate 204. Each is slidably supported. The upper end surfaces 202Ac and 202Bc of the axial measurement contact portions 202A and 202B respectively project above the sleeves 220A and 220B. The detection units 203Aa and 203Ba of the measurement units 203A and 203B are in contact with the upper end surfaces 202Ac and 202Bc, respectively.
The other ends 202Ab and 202Bb of the measurement abutments 202A and 202B located below the reference plate 204 are provided with floating portions 240A and 240B serving as contact portions contacting the attachment surface 3c of the transmission case 3 . As shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B, the floating portions 240A and 240B are the end portions 241A and 241B of the other ends 202Ab and 202Bb of the measurement contact portions 202A and 202B, respectively, which become fixed portions. The movable portions 243A and 243B are movable with respect to the portions 241A and 241B via metal balls 242A and 242B. The end portions 241A and 241B and the movable portions 243A and 243B are opposed to each other, and are fastened and fixed by a plurality of bolts 245A and 245B serving as fastening members, with spheres 242A and 242B interposed between the opposing surfaces. , So that the gap S is formed. The lower surfaces 243Aa and 243Ba of the movable portions 243A and 243B form contact surfaces with the mating surface 3a. In the present embodiment, the plurality of measurement contact portions 202A and 202B are mounted on the reference plate 204 such that the mating surface 3a and the lower surfaces 243Aa and 243Ba of the floating portions 240A and 240B face each other at different positions. In the present embodiment, as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIGS. 11 and 12, the reference plate 204 is lifted, and the lower surfaces 243Aa and 243Ba of the measurement abutment portions 202A and 202B are attached as shown in FIG. A position away from the surface 3c is taken as a standby position. In this embodiment, the position where the reference plate 204 descends as shown by a solid line in FIG. 12 and the lower surfaces 243Aa, 243Ba of the measurement abutment portions 202A, 202B contact the mounting surface 3c as shown in FIG. As the measurement position.

The measuring unit 203 supports the detecting units 203Aa and 203Ba in the vertical direction Z with respect to the main units 203Ab and 203Bb so as to freely move in the vertical direction Z, and stores the movement of the detecting units 203Aa and 203Ba in the vertical direction Z in the main units 203Ab and 203Bb. It is a well-known linear scale detected by a sensor.
In the present embodiment, the reference value of each of the measurement units 203A and 203B is 0 (when the lower surface 243a of the measurement contact unit 202 is inserted into the attachment units 3b and 3c and contacts the end surfaces 3b1 and 3c1). Zero). In each of the measurement units 203A and 203B, addition (+) occurs when the detection units 203Aa and 203Ba move upward from the reference position, and subtraction (-) occurs when the detection units 203Aa and 203Ba move downward. The outputs from the measuring units 203A and 203B are input to a control unit 270 described later.
For example, assuming that the distance L2 and the height difference L4 are 500 mm and this value is a reference value 0 (zero), when 203Aa and 203Ba move downward, the distance of 500 mm-downward movement becomes α1 and 203Aa and 203Ba are upward And move upward by 500 mm.

As shown in FIG. 11, the long side 206b of the slide frame 206 is provided with a pair of pressing means 260 for pressing the support plate 204 and suspending and supporting the support plate 204. Each pressurizing means 260 is outside the measurement abutments 202A and 202B and, as shown in FIG. 14, each center point on the same straight line O4 as the measurement abutments 202A and 202B in plan view. Are arranged to be located.
As shown in FIGS. 18 (a) and 18 (b), each pressing means 160 moves forward and backward in the vertical direction Z with respect to the casing 261 fixed to the long side portion 206b of the slide frame 206. The pressure rod 262 which can be supported, the coil spring 263 which biases the pressure rod 262 toward the reference plate 204, and the holder 165 which supports the tip 262a of the pressure rod 262 on the reference plate 204 Have.

A floating head 266 is formed on the tip end 262 a side of each pressing rod 262. In each floating head 266, a bottom surface 266a facing the upper surface 204b of the reference plate 204 is formed in a hemispherical shape. At a portion of the floating head 266 above the bottom surface 266a, an inclined truncated cone portion 266b having a smaller diameter as it goes upward than the diameter of the bottom surface 266a is formed.
Each holder 265 is fixed to the reference plate 204. In each holder 265, an internal space 267 larger than the outer shape of the floating head 266 is formed. In each internal space 267, an inclined surface 267a parallel to the truncated cone portion 266b is formed at a portion facing the truncated cone portion 266b.
When the measurement reference portion 201 and the measurement abutment portions 202A and 202B are in the standby position, each floating head 266 has its holder 265 positioned downward by the weight on the reference plate 204 side, as shown in FIG. 18A. doing. Therefore, in each floating head 266, the truncated cone portion 266b abuts on the inclined surface 267a, and the bottom surface 266a floats from the upper surface 204b of the reference plate 204. When the measurement reference portion 201 and the measurement abutment portions 202A and 202B are at the measurement position, the weight on the reference plate 204 side does not act on each floating head 266. Therefore, each floating head 266 projects toward the upper surface 204b of the reference plate 204 by the action of the coil spring 263 as shown in FIG. 18B, so that the truncated cone portion 266b is in contact with the inclined surface 267a. Each is removed, and the upper surface 204 of the reference plate 204 is configured to be pressed.
The centers of the respective floating heads 266 and the centers of the respective holders 65 are arranged on the same axis, and when the truncated conical portion 66b and the inclined surface 67a are in contact with each other, the respective floating heads 66 with respect to the respective holders 65 are It is configured to be centered.

As shown in FIG. 19, the compressor 272, the respective pressure sensors 273A, 273B, 273C, the on-off valves 274A, 274B, 274C, the on-off valves 277, 278, the sensors 281, 282 and the measuring instruments 203A, 203B respectively signal the control unit 270. It is connected via a wire.
The control unit 270 is configured of a computer that controls the operation of the compressor 273 and the operation of the measuring device 200. When the measurement start switch 251 provided on the operation panel 250 of the measuring device 200 is operated, the control unit 270 operates the compressor 272 to open the on-off valve 278 and lower the movable rod 208 of the actuator 207. The three measurement reference portions 201 and the two measurement abutment portions 202A and 202B are moved toward the measurement position. When the sensor 282 detects the measurement position, the control unit 270 is configured to close the on-off valve 278 and simultaneously open the on-off valves 274A, 274B and 274C to inject air from each injection nozzle 230.
When the measurement end switch 252 provided on the operation panel 250 of the measuring device 200 is operated, the control unit 270 operates the compressor 272 to open the on-off valve 277 and lower the movable rod 208 of the actuator 207 up and down. The three measurement reference portions 201 and the measurement abutment portions 202A and 202B are moved toward the standby position. The control unit 270 is configured to stop the operation of the compressor 272 when the sensor 281 detects the standby position, and hold the three measurement reference units 201 and the measurement abutment units 202A and 202B at the standby position. There is.
As shown in FIGS. 15 (b) and 17 (b), each of the measurement reference portions 201 and the measurement abutment portions 202A and 202B is an end face 3b1 of the mating surface 3a and the attachment portions 3b and 3c. , And 3c1, when the injection pressure from each injection nozzle 230, that is, the pressure P detected by the pressure sensor 273 (A to C) is equal to or higher than a preset reference pressure P1, each measuring tool 203A , 203B start the measurement value. If the injection pressure from each injection nozzle 230, that is, the pressure P detected by the pressure sensors 273 (A to C) does not reach the preset reference pressure P1, the control unit 270 uses the measuring tools 203A and 103B. Stop the measurement. Stopping measurement here does not use data output from the measuring tools 203A and 203B as a measurement value, or does not receive data output from each of the measuring tools 203A and 203B.

According to the measuring apparatus 200 having such a configuration, when the measurement start switch 251 is operated by the operator, the three measurement reference portions 201 and the measurement abutment portions 202A and 202B are shown in FIG. The sensor 282 moves toward the measurement position shown by the solid line of and stops at the measurement position when the sensor 282 detects the measurement position. Then, the lower surface 213a of the movable portion 213 of the measurement reference portion 201 abuts on the mating surface 3a as shown in FIG. 15B, and the lower surfaces 243Aa and 243Ba of the measurement abutment portions 202A and 202B are as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 18B, the bottom surface 266a of the floating head 266 of each pressing means 260 pressurizes the reference plate 204 as shown in FIG. 18 (b) while contacting the end faces 3b1 and 3c1 of the attachment portions 3b and 3c.
At this time, the lower surface 213a of each measurement reference portion 201 which abuts in a state of being pressurized in contact with the mating surface 3a has a spherical surface 212 at the end surface 211 of the other end 201b of each measurement reference portion 201 which becomes a fixed portion. Since it is provided so as to be movable, one-side contact with the mating surface 3a is prevented.
In addition, the lower surfaces 243Aa and 243Ba of the measurement contact portions that come into contact with the end faces 3b1 and 3c1 of the attachment portions 3b and 3c in a pressurized state are also movable with respect to the end portions 241A and 241B via the spheres 242A and 242B. The movable parts 243A and 243B are provided on the For this reason, even when the end faces 3b1 and 3c1 of the mounting portion are inclined, the movable parts 243A and 243B move accordingly and the partial contact with the end faces 3b1 and 3c1 is prevented.
That is, in the present embodiment, since the floating portion 210 and the floating portions 240A and 240B are provided on both the reference side and the measurement side on the mating surface 3a side and the end faces 3b1 and 3c1 side of the mounting portion, measurement is performed compared to the conventional configuration. Accuracy can be improved.

The floating portion 210 of the measurement reference portion 201 has the injection nozzles 230 for injecting air from the lower surface 213a of the movable portion 213 toward the mating surface 3a, so that foreign matter such as swarf is present on the mating surface 3a. Can be blown off by the injected air.
Also, when the measurement reference portion 201 and the measurement abutment portions 202A and 202B occupy the measurement position, measurement is performed when the injection pressure P from each injection nozzle 230 does not reach the preset reference pressure P1. Since measurement by the tools 203A and 203B is stopped, erroneous measurement can be prevented.
That is, when foreign matter such as swarf adheres to the mating surface 3a, a gap is formed between the lower surface 213a of the floating portion 210 of the measurement reference portion 201 which is the three-point support portion and the mating surface 3a. The pressure detected by the pressure sensors 273A to 273C does not reach the reference pressure P1. For this reason, measurement does not start. On the other hand, when the lower surface 213a of the floating portion 210 of the measurement reference portion 201, which is a three-point support portion, and the mating surface 3a are in close contact, the mating surface 3a and the lower surface 213a are in close contact with each other. , Detection pressure rises. For this reason, when the pressure increase value reaches the preset reference pressure P1, measurement is started on the assumption that the lower surface 213a of the floating portion 210 and the mating surface 3a do not float. Therefore, erroneous measurement can be prevented.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the centers of the floating head 266 and the centers of the respective holders 265 are disposed on the same axis, and in the abutting state of the truncated cone portion 266b and the inclined surface 267a, each of the respective holders 265 The pressing means 260, 260 configured to center the floating head 266 is provided. For this reason, since pressure can be applied uniformly to the reference plate 204 at the time of measurement, it is possible to stably measure with the end face 3b1 and 3c1 of the fitting surface 3a and the lower surface 213a of the measurement reference portion 201 and the attachment portions 3b and 3c. Different from contact with the lower surfaces 243Aa and 243Ba of the contact portions 202A and 202B, it is possible to prevent one-sided contact and to improve measurement accuracy.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments, and the present invention is described in the claims unless it is particularly limited in the above description. Various modifications and changes are possible within the scope of the invention.
The effects described in the embodiments of the present invention only list the most preferable effects resulting from the present invention, and the effects according to the present invention are limited to those described in the embodiments of the present invention is not.

  2, 3 ... Measurement object, 2a, 3a ... Reference plane, 3b 1, 3c 1, 8a, 9a ... Measurement point of the measurement object 100, 200 ... Measurement device, 101, 201 ... -Measurement reference part, 102a, 102B, 202A, 202B ... Measurement contact part, 103A, 103B, 203A, 203B ... Measurement tool, 111, 141A, 141B, 211, 241A, 241B ... Fixed part, 112, 212, 242A, 242B ... sphere, 113, 143A, 143B, 213, 243A, 243B ... movable part, 113a, 143Aa, 143Ba, 213a, 243Aa, 243Ba ... contact surface, 130, 230 ... Injection part, P ... Injection pressure, P1 ... Reference pressure

Claims (3)

A plurality of measurement reference portions that can be in contact with the reference surface of the measurement object;
A plurality of measurement abutments that can abut on the measurement points of the measurement object;
A measuring tool configured to measure a distance between the reference surface and the measurement point in a state where the measurement reference portion and the measurement contact portion are in contact with the reference surface and the measurement point, respectively;
Wherein the measurement reference portion and the measuring abutment has a floating portion in contact with the measurement point and the reference plane, respectively,
The floating portion is closed and the fixed portion, and said fixing portion movable portion having a contact with the abutment surface in the measurement point and the reference plane with clearance through a spherical are integrated so as to form a And
The movable part, the measurement device comprising a movable der isosamples along the spherical surface with respect to the fixed part. In the measuring device according to claim 1,
The measurement apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the measurement reference unit includes an injection unit that jets air from the contact surface toward the reference surface. In the measuring device according to claim 2,
When the injection pressure from each of the injection units does not reach a preset reference pressure when the measurement reference portion and the measurement contact portion respectively abut on the reference surface and the measurement point, the measurement A measuring device characterized by stopping measurement by a tool.

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