JP6548550B2 - Fire extinguishing method and foam extinguishing system used therefor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing method and a foam fire extinguishing equipment used therefor, and more particularly to a fire extinguishing method using a foam fire extinguishing agent and a foam fire extinguishing equipment used therefor.

  Conventionally, a so-called high expansion foam fire extinguishing facility performs a fire extinguishing by foaming a foam extinguishing agent with a foaming ratio of about several tens to a thousand times and depositing the foam in a fire extinguishing target section where a fire is occurring. (See, for example, Patent Document 1). The foam extinguishing agent usually comprises an aqueous solution containing a foam stock solution containing a surfactant and the like.

Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 6-165837

  However, in such a high expansion foam fire extinguishing facility, when fire is extinguished, the foam is deposited almost on the entire area to be extinguished and the fire is extinguished. The bubbles may interfere with visibility and the like, causing troubles in evacuation, and may injure mucous membranes and the like when a person inhales bubbles.

  In addition, although bubbles deposited in the fire extinguishing target compartment are reduced to the original aqueous solution state over time, when the compartment is connected to another compartment such as downstairs, the other compartment is reduced to the aqueous solution. There was a possibility that the foam extinguishant would flow in and the water loss would extend to other areas as well as the target area.

  With regard to the former, it seems as if the foam that has been piled up can be solved quickly after the fire extinguishment is completed, but in this case the foam extinguishing agent is immediately reduced to an aqueous solution by defoaming at the same time. Will promote the latter.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a fire extinguishing method and a foam fire extinguishing facility using the same, which can prevent the occurrence of problems in the evacuation of a person while preventing the water loss from expanding to other compartments outside the fire extinguishing target compartment. To aim.

The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing method using a foam fire extinguishing system equipped with a foam, wherein the foam is supplied with a foam extinguishing agent, and the foam extinguishes the foam by the foamer to generate foam. a step of depositing a該泡fire fighting target compartment, the steps of extinguishing the fire digestion fire target compartment, after a fire extinguishing, the該泡of digestion fire target compartment, containing thixotropic agent and defoaming by defoamer, seen including a step of reducing the aqueous solution該泡extinguishing agent, and the aqueous solution, that can be kept in digestion fire target compartment by increasing the viscosity by the action of swinging varying agent It is a fire extinguishing method characterized by

Further, the present invention is a fire extinguishing method using a foam fire extinguishing system equipped with a foamer, wherein a foam extinguishing agent containing a thixotropic agent is supplied to the foamer, and the foam extinguisher using the foamer. a step of drugs by foaming to produce a foam, depositing a該泡fire fighting target compartment, the steps of extinguishing the fire digestion fire target compartment, after a fire extinguishing,該泡of digestion fire target compartment and then defoamed by the defoaming agent, a step of reducing the aqueous solution該泡extinguishing agents, see contains, the aqueous solution can be kept to digestion fire target compartment by increasing the viscosity by the action of swinging varying agent It is a fire extinguishing method characterized by

  In the present invention, the foam can be locally deposited around the fire source in the fire suppression compartment. Further, according to the present invention, a plurality of the foamers are provided in the section to be extinguished, and the foam is emitted only from the foamer capable of emitting the foam toward the fire source or the periphery of the fire source. It is also possible. In the present invention, it is also possible to include a thixotropic agent in both the antifoam agent and the foam extinguishing agent. Further, according to the present invention, it is also possible to provide a spraying means in the fire extinguishing target section and to spray the antifoaming agent from the spraying means toward the foam.

  Furthermore, the foam fire extinguishing equipment used in the fire extinguishing method of the present invention is connected to the foam fire extinguishing agent supply source, and one or more foamers for foaming the foam fire extinguishing drug and emitting it to the fire extinguishing target section; It may be connected to a source of the antifoam and provided with spreading means for rolling the antifoam towards the foam.

  The present invention includes a step of soaking an antifoam agent toward bubbles in the extinguishing area when a fire is extinguished, so when evacuating a person after extinguishing, the bubbles in the extinguishing area are extinguished.避難, evacuate is disturbed, evacuate person can make the amount of sucking in bubbles as small as possible.

  Further, according to the present invention, since the foam extinguishing agent or the antifoam agent contains a thixotropic agent, the foam extinguishing agent which has been defoamed and reduced to an aqueous solution is retained in the extinguishing target compartment in a highly viscous state. It is possible to prevent the foam extinguishing agent from flowing to other compartments.

It is the schematic which shows 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows a mode immediately after the fire extinguishing start. It is the schematic which shows 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows a mode at the time of fire-extinguishing operation. It is the schematic which shows 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows a mode at the time of defoaming completion. It is the schematic which shows 3rd Embodiment and reference example of this invention, and is a figure which shows a mode immediately after the start of fire extinction. It is the schematic which shows 3rd Embodiment and reference example of this invention, and is a figure which shows a mode at the time of fire-extinguishing operation. It is the schematic which shows 3rd Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows a mode at the time of fire-extinguishing completion. It is the schematic which shows 3rd Embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows a mode at the time of defoaming completion. It is the schematic which shows a prior art example, and is a figure which shows a mode at the time of fire-extinguishing operation.

  A first embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 3. In the fire suppression target section 1, one or more foamers 2 are installed. The foamer 2 constitutes a foam extinguishing facility 3, and the foam extinguishing facility 3 is a facility called a so-called high expansion foam extinguishing facility. For example, the foam fire extinguishing facility 3 is a foam fire extinguishing agent supply source having a tank for storing a foam undiluted solution (not shown), a mixer for mixing a fire extinguishing water and a foam undiluted solution, and producing a foam extinguishing agent. And the foamer 2 is connected to the foam supply. In addition, the foam fire extinguishing installation 3 can employ | adopt a well-known structure suitably.

  The foamer 2 further includes a foam net 2a for foaming a foam extinguishing agent and a housing 2b having a nozzle for supplying the foam extinguishing agent to the foam net 2a. The foam net 2a is capable of foaming a foam fire extinguishing agent at a magnification of several tens to 1000 times, and has, for example, a substantially triangular cross section. In the present embodiment, the foamer 2 is a so-called inside air type that takes in air required for foam from the fire suppression target compartment 1 (indoor), but the air outside the fire suppression target compartment 1 (outdoor) So-called outside air system may be used.

  When a fire (a fire source is indicated by a symbol F) occurs in the fire suppression target section 1, a foam extinguishing agent is supplied to the foamer 2 based on a signal from a fire sensing means such as a fire sensor not shown. The foam extinguishing agent is foamed by the foam net 2 a to generate foam 4 and the foam 4 is emitted toward the floor surface 1 a of the section 1 to be extinguished.

  Then, the foam 4 accumulates in the fire suppression target section 1 (hereinafter, the foam 4 deposited in the fire suppression target section 1 is referred to as a foam 4A). Thereafter, bubbles 4 are continuously radiated (supplied) from the foamer 2 into the extinguishing target compartment 1, and the bubbles 4A are deposited to a height near the ceiling 1b of the extinguishing target compartment 1. Then, the fire in the fire suppression target section 1 is extinguished by the accumulation of the foam 4A.

  After the fire extinguishes, the foam 4A is defoamed by soaking the antifoaming agent 5 against the foam 4A remaining and accumulated in the fire suppression target section 1. The antifoaming agent 5 contains a thixotropic agent in addition to components for defoaming the foam 4A.

  In the present invention, the thixotropic agent is thixotropic (“simply stir or shake to a target (here, antifoamer 5), and the gel is converted to a fluid sol by simply stirring or shaking, and this is left to stand. Means a substance or a mixture that can be given again the property of being able to be returned to gel again (Iiwanami Chemical Dictionary 4th Edition, Iwanami Shoten, more quoted), preferably bentonite containing colloidal hydrous silicate, Minerals such as montmorillonite and smectite and inorganic polymer compounds similar thereto are selected.

  In the present embodiment, the ceiling 1 b of the fire suppression target section 1 is provided with spreading means such as sprinkler means 6 connected to a supply source of the antifoamer 5 not shown, and the sprinkler means 6 is used to The agent 5 is sprayed toward the foam 4A. Although the said spreading | diffusion means can also be provided as a part of foam fire extinguishing installation 3, it is also possible to provide as a system different from foam fire extinguishing installation 3. FIG.

  At this time, the foam extinguishing agent 7 which has been defoamed by the antifoaming agent 5 and reduced to the aqueous solution is returned to a gel when the thixotropic agent contained in the antifoaming agent 5 rests, so that It remains on the floor surface 1a in a highly viscous state.

  Therefore, when the person H evacuates after the fire extinguishing in the fire extinguishing target section 1, the foam 4A is defoamed by the antifoaming agent 5, so that the visibility and the like are prevented from being blocked by the foam 4A. The bubbles 4A can prevent the evacuation from being hindered, and the evacuating person H can inhale the bubbles 4 as little as possible.

  Also, the foam extinguishing agent 7 reduced to the aqueous solution by the action of the antifoaming agent 7 remains in the extinguishing target compartment 1 in a highly viscous state by the action of the thixotropic agent contained in the antifoaming agent 5. The foam extinguishing agent 7 reduced to the aqueous solution can be prevented from flowing to the other compartment, and the water loss can be prevented from spreading to the other compartment.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 3. The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that the thixotropic agent is contained in the foam extinguishing agent instead of being contained in the antifoaming agent 5. About the composition of the numerals same as a 1st embodiment, since it is the same as that of the embodiment, explanation is omitted.

  In the present embodiment, when a fire occurs, a foam extinguishing agent containing a thixotropic agent is supplied to the foamer 2, and the foam extinguishing agent turns into foam 4 by the foam net 2a and is contained in the fire suppression target section 1. Extinguish fires by being emitted and deposited. Thereafter, as in the first embodiment, the antifoamer 5 is sprayed from the sprinkler means 6 toward the foam 4A to defoam the foam 4A.

  Therefore, the foam extinguishing agent 7 defoamed by the antifoaming agent 5 and reduced to the aqueous solution contains a thixotropic agent as in the first embodiment. Therefore, similarly to the first embodiment, the foam extinguishing agent 7 reduced to the aqueous solution can be kept in the extinguishing target compartment 1 in a high viscosity state while preventing the foam 4A from obstructing evacuation. Water loss can be prevented from spreading to other compartments. If necessary, the antifoaming agent 5 can also contain a thixotropic agent.

  Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 4 to 7. The difference from the second embodiment is that bubbles 4A are locally deposited around the fire source F in the fire suppression target compartment 1 on the premise that a plurality of foamers 2 are provided in the fire suppression target compartment 1. . About the composition of the same numerals as a 1st embodiment or a 2nd embodiment, since it is the same as that of the embodiment, explanation is omitted.

  In the present embodiment, the foam extinguishing equipment 3A includes a plurality of foamers 2 in the fire suppression target section 1, and the foam extinguishing agent contains a thixotropic agent. When a fire occurs, a foam extinguishing agent containing a thixotropic agent is supplied to the foamer 2, and foam 4 is generated by the foam net 2 a and the foam 4 is emitted into the fire suppression section 1.

  The foam 4A emitted and deposited in the fire suppression target compartment 1 is in a stationary state, so it changes from a sol-like state to a gel-like state by the action of the thixotropic agent contained in the foam extinguishing agent. For this reason, the foam 4A has reduced fluidity as compared to the foam containing no thixotropic agent.

The foam 4 generated from a general foam that does not contain a thixotropic agent diffuses to the periphery at an angle θ ₁ = about 10 ° even if it is locally deposited in the fire protection zone 1 because of its fluidity. It is difficult to deposit high (see FIG. 8). Therefore, in the fire extinguishing using such a foam fire extinguishing agent, the foam 4 will inevitably be radiated over substantially the entire area of the fire suppression target section 1.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, since the thixotropic agent is contained in the foam extinguishing agent, the fluidity of the foam 4A is reduced by the action of the thixotropic agent, and the foam 4A becomes difficult to diffuse around (that is, , Angle θ ₂ > θ ₁ ). Therefore, it becomes possible to deposit foam 4A locally on fire suppression object section 1.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the foam 4 radiates the foam 4 toward the fire suppression target compartment 1, the foam 4 is installed around the fire source F in the fire suppression target compartment 1, and the fire source F or the fire source F is installed. The foam extinguishing agent is supplied only to the foamer 2 capable of emitting the foam 4 toward the environment (usually, the foamer 2A located around the fire source F), and the foam 4 is removed from the firefighting section 1 only from the foamer 2A. It radiates inward and deposits bubbles 4A locally around the fire source F.

  Therefore, it is possible to secure the evacuation route E in which the foam 4A is not deposited in the fire suppression target section 1 depending on the scale of the fire and the like. That is, in the present embodiment, the bubbles 4A further reduce the occurrence of troubles in evacuation.

  After the fire is extinguished by the deposition of the foam 4A, the antifoaming agent 5 is ground to defoam the foam 4A as in the other embodiments, but in the present embodiment, a hose is used as an antifoam source not shown. This is done by spraying the antifoam 5 towards the foam 4A from a spreading means such as a nozzle 8 etc. As the nozzle 8, for example, a fire extinguishing nozzle such as a well-known fire hydrant nozzle is used.

  In the present embodiment, since the thixotropic agent is contained in the foam extinguishing agent, the thixotropic agent is also contained in the foam extinguishing agent 7 reduced to the aqueous solution by the action of the antifoamer 5. Therefore, similarly to the second embodiment, it is possible to prevent the water loss of the other sections while preventing the bubbles 4A from being a hindrance to evacuation.

  In addition, it is possible to deposit the foam 4A locally around the fire source, and depending on the scale of the fire, the amount of foam 4 emitted into the fire suppression target section 1, ie, the foam extinguishing agent The amount of foam itself can be reduced, so that the amount of foam extinguishing agent 7 reduced to the aqueous solution by the action of the antifoaming agent 5 can also be reduced to prevent water loss in other compartments. Can.

  Finally, a reference example will be described based on FIG. 4 and FIG. This reference example is an example in which the foam fire extinguishing equipment 3A used in the third embodiment is applied to a fire extinguishing method without the step of rolling the antifoamer 5 toward the foam 4A. The configuration of the same reference numerals as those of the above embodiment is the same as that of the above embodiment, and hence the description thereof is omitted.

  This reference example is a fire extinguishing method using the foam fire extinguishing equipment 3A provided with a plurality of foamers 2 installed in the fire extinguishing target compartment 1, and the foam extinguishing agent containing the thixotropic agent is the foam fire extinguisher 3A. Among the steps 2, the step of supplying the foam extinguishing agent only to the foamer 2A capable of emitting the foam 4 around the fire source F or the fire source F, and the foam extinguishing agent being foamed by the foamer 2A (foam net 2a) Is common to the third embodiment in that it includes the steps of: generating the bubbles 4; and depositing the bubbles 4 locally around the fire source F in the fire suppression target section 1 to extinguish the fire.

  Specifically, when a fire occurs in the fire extinguishing target compartment 1, the fire source F or the surroundings of the fire source F can be emitted, for example, based on a signal from a fire detection means such as a fire sensor not shown. A foam extinguishing agent containing a thixotropic agent is supplied only to the foamer 2 (generally, a foamer 2A around the fire source F), and the foam extinguishing agent is foamed by the foam network 2a to produce foam 4 The bubbles 4 are emitted toward the fire source F or the surroundings of the fire source F of the fire suppression target section 1.

  Then, the bubbles 4 are deposited locally in the fire suppression area 1 around the fire source F. Thereafter, bubbles 4 are continuously radiated (supplied) from the foamer 2 into the extinguishing target compartment 1, and the bubbles 4A are locally deposited to a height close to the ceiling 1b of the extinguishing target compartment 1. Then, the fire in the fire suppression target section 1 is extinguished by the accumulation of the foam 4A.

At this time, since the foam 4A is in a stationary state, the foam 4A changes from a sol-like state to a gel-like state by the action of a thixotropic agent contained in the foam extinguishing agent, and the fluidity is lowered. Do. For this reason, the bubbles 4A can deposit the bubbles 4A with θ ₂ > θ _{1 as} compared with the conventional fire extinguishing method (see FIG. 8), that is, they are less likely to diffuse, so the bubbles locally It becomes possible to deposit 4A.

  In this reference example, for example, the invention described in JP-A-6-165837 is required to deposit the foam 4A substantially fully in the fire suppression target section 1 regardless of the scale of the fire because the foam 4 is easily diffused. However, depending on the size of the fire, the foam 4A will be deposited locally and the foam 4 will not be emitted all over the target area 1 due to the inclusion of the thixotropic agent in the foam extinguishing agent. The present invention is advantageous over the present invention in that the fire source can be suppressed and / or extinguished.

  Although the present invention has been described by the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be appropriately changed without changing the gist of the invention. For example, each configuration may be appropriately combined with the above embodiment, and in the first and second embodiments, the antifoamer 5 is not sprayed from the sprinkler means 6 but a nozzle as in the third embodiment. No. 8 or the like may be used, and in the third embodiment, the antifoaming agent 5 may be dispersed by a water spraying means such as the sprinkler means 6 as in the first and second embodiments. It is possible.

1 extinguishing target compartment 1a floor surface 1b ceiling surface 2 foamer 2a foam net 2b housing 3 foam extinguishing equipment 4 foam 5 antifoamer 6 sprinkler means 7 foam extinguishing agent 8 nozzle E evacuation route F fire source H person

Claims (7)

A fire extinguishing method using a foam fire extinguishing system equipped with a foam, comprising:
Supplying a foam extinguishing agent to the foamer;
Foaming the foam extinguishing agent to produce foam by the foamer;
Depositing the foam in the extinguishing area and extinguishing the fire in the extinguishing area;
After a fire extinguishing, the該泡of digestion fire target compartment, and defoaming by defoaming agent containing a thixotropic agent, viewed contains a step of reducing the aqueous solution該泡extinguishing agent, a
The fire extinguishing method characterized in that the aqueous solution can be kept in the extinguishing target compartment by increasing its viscosity by the action of the thixotropic agent . A fire extinguishing method using a foam fire extinguishing system equipped with a foam, comprising:
Supplying a foam extinguishing agent containing a thixotropic agent to the foamer;
Foaming the foam extinguishing agent to produce foam by the foamer;
Depositing the foam in the extinguishing area and extinguishing the fire in the extinguishing area;
After the fire was extinguished, the該泡of digestion fire within the target compartment, and defoaming by anti-foaming agent, and a step of reducing to the aqueous solution該泡fire extinguishing agent, only including,
The fire extinguishing method characterized in that the aqueous solution can be kept in the extinguishing target compartment by increasing its viscosity by the action of the thixotropic agent .   The fire extinguishing method according to claim 2, wherein the foam is locally deposited around a fire source in the fire extinguishing target compartment. A plurality of the foamers are provided in the extinguishing target compartment,
The fire extinguishing method according to claim 3, wherein the foam is emitted only from the foamer capable of emitting the foam toward the fire source or around the fire source.   The fire extinguishing method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the antifoaming agent contains a thixotropic agent. The fire extinguishing target section is provided with a spraying means,
The fire extinguishing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the antifoaming agent is sprayed toward the foam from the spraying means. A foam fire extinguishing equipment used for the fire extinguishing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
One or more foamers connected to the foam extinguishing agent source for foaming the foam extinguishing agent and emitting it to the fire suppression zone;
A foam extinguishing installation connected to a source of the antifoam agent and a spraying means for spraying the antifoam agent toward the foam.

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