JP6558540B2 - Vertical crusher - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention mainly relates to a vertical crusher that crushes coal, oil coke, limestone, slag, clinker, cement raw material, other inorganic raw materials, or organic raw materials such as chemicals and biomass into powder having a predetermined particle size. .

  A vertical crusher is widely used as a crusher for crushing raw materials such as coal and biomass. A conventional vertical crusher includes a rotary table and a plurality of crushing rollers arranged in a position that equally divides the outer peripheral portion of the upper surface of the rotary table in the circumferential direction in a casing that forms an outer shell of the crusher. .

  In such a vertical crusher, when the pulverized raw material is supplied to the center of the rotary table, the pulverized raw material moves to the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table by the rotation of the rotary table. Since the crushing roller is pressed against the outer peripheral portion and rotated, the crushing raw material enters between the crushing roller and the rotary table and is crushed. And by the hot air blowing from the annular passage between the outer peripheral surface of the rotary table and the inner peripheral surface of the casing, the inside of the casing rises while the granular material is dried together with the hot air. The powder particles are sorted by the classifying means provided in the upper part of the casing, and the product of a predetermined particle size is discharged to the outside. Coarse powder that cannot pass through the classification means falls again on the rotary table and is repeatedly pulverized until the target particle size is reached.

  This vertical crusher is provided with a dam ring on the outer periphery of the table. The dam ring keeps the layer thickness of the raw material on the rotating rotary table at a certain constant value, and holds the raw material that slides from the center of the rotating table toward the outer periphery by centrifugal force on the rotary table for a certain period of time. There is a role to perform the crushing action performed between the rotary table and the rotary table.

By the way, of the outer peripheral surface, which is the pulverizing surface of the pulverizing roller, the most pulverizing position is determined based on the progress of wear in the past operation results, that is, the outer diameter side of the pulverizing roller, that is, the innermost periphery of the dam ring. Close to the surface. Therefore, the pulverization roller is finely pulverized at a position just below the large diameter portion of the pulverization roller where the pulverization surface pressure is the highest and the pulverization action is large, and the fine particles pulverized are collected and retained between the pulverization roller and the dam ring.
The pulverized fine particles are pressed by a pulverizing roller into the gap between the divided portions of the table liner (wear resistant material) laid on the upper surface of the rotary table. The annular table liner is divided into a fan shape in which the side closer to the center side of the rotary table is the inner diameter side and the outer side of the rotary table is the outer diameter side (for example, disclosed in Patent Document 1).

  As described above, the fan-shaped outer diameter side of the table liner is strongly pressed during pulverization, and the pressing force on the inner diameter side is small. This table liner is formed in a plate shape in which hardfacing welding or ceramic is arranged on the pulverized surface. And the fixation to the upper surface of the rotary table is not fastening of bolts or the like, but the periphery of the table liner is fixed with a separate hardware so that the large diameter side and the inner diameter side of the table liner do not float. The reason is that the upper surface of the rotary table is a portion where the pulverizing roller comes into pressure contact, and the pulverized product is finely pulverized (for example, a Bren value of about 3000 in the case of a cement raw material). This is because if the projections such as fixing bolts are on the upper surface of the rotary table, the crushing layer is secured and the powder flow is hindered, so that the projections cannot be arranged on the crushing surface.

  A specific table liner is processed into a substantially flat plate shape and is laid on the upper surface of the rotary table. As the table liner, a surface in contact with the grinding roller is hardened and welded, or ceramic particles are cast into chrome steel. It is difficult to produce a complete flat plate due to the thermal effects during these processes. In addition, a gap is created between the table and the table liner when laid on the upper surface of the rotary table.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-163440

  The finely pulverized material pressed by the crushing roller is pressed against the gap and pushed into the gap. During the pulverization, the powder is pressed into the gap and enters the lower side of the table liner, an external force that deforms the table liner acts, or local wear occurs at the powder intrusion site. In particular, table liner weld beads that have undergone hardfacing welding have many hair cracks during cooling, but the deformation of the table liner body causes the hair cracks to become large cracks, which can cause cracks in the body and peeling troubles. It was.

  In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention is a vertical pulverizer capable of reducing the penetration of powder into the divided portion of the table liner and preventing the deformation and wear of the table liner to improve the pulverization efficiency. The purpose is to provide.

As a first means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a vertical crusher that pulverizes the pulverized raw material by rotating a pulverizing roller rotatably on the upper surface of the rotary table via the pulverized raw material. An annular table liner is divided into a plurality of fan shapes in plan view on the upper surface of the table, a dam ring is provided on the outer peripheral side of the table liner, and a fine powder discharging portion is provided on the dam ring on the extended line obtained by dividing the table liner into a plurality of portions. An object of the present invention is to provide a vertical grinder characterized in that
As mentioned above, because the fine powder discharge part is provided on the dam ring on the extension line divided into a plurality of table liners, the powder pressed against the divided part of the table liner is discharged from the fine powder discharge part of the dam ring provided on the extension line. It can be discharged to the outside of the rotary table, reducing the amount of finely pulverized powder pressed by the crushing load into the gaps between the table liner divisions, effectively suppressing table liner deformation and wear. The grinding efficiency can be increased.

As a second means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides the first means, wherein the fine powder discharge portion is a groove or a hole formed in the dam ring, or a gap between a plurality of divided dam rings. Another object is to provide a vertical crusher characterized by being any one or a combination thereof.
By adopting such a configuration, the amount of finely pulverized powder pressed against the gaps between the divided portions of the table liner by the pulverization load can be reduced, and the deformation and wear of the table liner can be effectively suppressed. The grinding efficiency can be increased.

  According to the present invention as described above, the amount by which the finely pulverized powder is pressed against the gap between the divided portions of the table liner by the pulverizing load is reduced, and the deformation and wear of the table liner are effectively suppressed. The grinding efficiency can be increased.

It is the perspective view which expanded a part of rotary table upper surface of a vertical grinder. It is a top view of a rotary table upper surface. It is explanatory drawing of the dam ring which formed the fine powder discharge part. It is a block schematic diagram of a vertical crusher.

  Embodiments of a vertical crusher of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is an enlarged perspective view of a part of the upper surface of the rotary table of the vertical crusher. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the top surface of the rotary table. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a dam ring in which a fine powder discharge portion is formed. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vertical crusher.

[Vertical crusher 10]
As shown in FIG. 4, the vertical crusher 10 includes a casing 12, a rotary table 14, a plurality of crushing rollers 16 arranged at positions where the outer peripheral portion of the upper surface of the rotary table 14 is equally divided in the circumferential direction, An annular passage 40 formed along the outer periphery of the table 14, classification means 30 provided on the upper portion of the casing 12, an annular table liner 17 laid on the upper surface 14 </ b> A of the rotary table, and an outer peripheral edge of the rotary table 14. The dam ring 48 and the fine powder discharge unit 50 are the main basic components.

  The crushing roller 16 is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 24 via an upper arm 20 pivotally attached to the lower casing 12B serving as a fulcrum and a lower arm 22 formed integrally with the upper arm 20. . The crushing roller 16 is pressed by the upper surface 14A of the rotary table by the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 24, and rotates by being driven by the rotary table 14 via the crushing raw material.

  A table liner 17 is laid on the upper surface 14A of the rotary table. The table liner 17 is an annular wear-resistant material that faces the grinding surface of the grinding roller 16. The table liner 17 has a plate shape in which hardfacing welding or ceramic is arranged on the pulverized surface, and is fan-shaped radially divided along the radial direction of the rotary table 16 (the circumference of the rotary table 14 is approximately 45 degrees. The rotation direction of the rotary table 14 is defined by the sides of the sector formed by dividing the circumference of the rotary table 14 by a central angle of approximately 45 degrees (FIG. 2B). Are substantially fan-shaped and inclined in a ring at a predetermined angle. And attachment to the upper surface of the rotary table uses a fixed metal piece 18. In such a table liner 17 laid on the upper surface 14A of the rotary table, a gap is generated at a divided portion.

A classification means 30 is provided above the upper surface 14 </ b> A of the casing 12.
The classifying means 30 includes a rotary shaft 30a, a rotary blade 30b, and a fixed blade 30c. The rotating shaft 30a hangs downward from the upper surface of the casing 12, and is configured to be rotatable by an external drive motor (not shown). A plurality of rotary blades 30b are arranged in a ring shape below the rotary shaft 30a, with the rotary shaft 30a as an axis. Further, a plurality of fixed blades 30c are formed side by side on the outer periphery of the rotary blade 30b. Both the rotary blade 30b and the fixed blade 30c are arranged in parallel with the axis of the rotary shaft 30a in the longitudinal direction, and the hot air rising in the casing 12 is a gap between the blades parallel to the axis of the rotary shaft 30a. Supplied from In the classifying means 30 having such a configuration, the rotary blade 30 b rotates together with the rotary shaft 30 a, and only fine powder particles (fine powder) that have passed through the fixed blade 30 c and the rotary blade 30 b are discharged from the upper outlet 44.

  An inner cone 30e and a feed pipe 30f are provided at the lower end of the fixed blade 30c. The inner cone 30e is formed in a funnel shape whose diameter decreases from the upper side to the lower side, and the feed tube 30f is formed in a cylindrical shape connected to the lower end of the inner cone 30e. The body is captured and supplied to the rotary table upper surface 14A from the lower discharge port via the feed tube 30f.

A raw material charging chute 34 is connected to the inner cone 30e. The raw material is charged from the raw material charging port 32 to the rotary table upper surface 14A via the raw material charging chute 34.
The raw material charged from the raw material charging chute 34 moves to the outer periphery of the rotary table upper surface 14A while drawing a spiral trajectory on the rotary table upper surface 14A, and is caught between the rotary table upper surface 14A and the grinding roller 16 and pulverized. The A part of the pulverized granular material passes over the dam ring 48 that is provided around the outer edge of the turntable upper surface 14A to adjust the layer thickness of the raw material, and the outer periphery of the turntable upper surface 14A and the casing 12 It goes to the annular passage 40 which is a gap. Here, a gas introduction port 42 for introducing hot air heated to a predetermined temperature is provided below the turntable 14 of the lower casing 12B.

During operation of the vertical crusher 10, by introducing hot air from the gas inlet 42, the hot air flowing through the classification means 30 from below the rotary table 14 to the upper outlet 44 in the casing 12. Ascending airflow is occurring.
The raw material charged into the vertical crusher 10 and a part of the powder that has been crushed by the rotary table 14 and the crushing roller 16 and over the dam ring 48 are blown up by hot air from the annular passage 40 and the casing 12. Ascends and reaches the classification means 30.

Here, the granular material having a large diameter and mass cannot pass through the fixed blade 30c and the rotating blade 30b of the classifying means 30, falls to the internal cone 30e, is re-engaged by the grinding roller 16, and is crushed. The On the other hand, the granular material having a small diameter passes through the classifying means 30 through the fixed blades 30c and the rotary blades 30b arranged with a gap therebetween, and is taken out of the casing 12 through the upper outlet 44.
Further, a part of the raw material having a maximum particle size that has reached the annular passage 40 without being caught by the grinding roller 16 falls below the rotary table 14 from the annular passage 40 and is vertically crushed from the lower outlet 46. It is taken out of the machine 10.

[Fine powder discharger 50]
The fine powder discharge portion 50 is formed in a dam ring 48 (dam ring 48 intersecting with the extension line) located on the extension line obtained by dividing the table liner 17 into a plurality of parts.
The fine powder discharging unit 50 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a gap between rings obtained by dividing the dam ring 48 into a plurality along the radial direction of the upper surface 14A of the rotary table.
In addition to this, as shown in FIG. 3 (1), the fine powder discharger 50 is provided with a groove notched downward from the upper surface of the dam ring 48, or upward from the lower surface of the dam ring 48 as shown in FIG. 3 (2). It is also possible to adopt a form of a hole formed between the rotary table 14 by notching.

  Such a fine powder discharge portion 50 is formed in the dam ring 48 located on the extended line obtained by dividing the annular table liner 17 into a plurality of divisions along the radial direction or the direction intersecting the radial direction. After the powder pressed between the gaps is moved to the outer peripheral side of the table by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the turntable 14, it can be discharged from the fine powder discharge portion 50 to the outside of the upper surface 14A of the turntable.

[Action]
The operation of the vertical crusher of the present invention having the above configuration will be described below.
When the rotary table 14 of the vertical crusher 10 is rotated, the crushing roller 16 pressed against the upper surface 14A of the rotary table by the hydraulic cylinder 24 also rotates. Then, when the pulverized raw material is charged from the raw material charging port 32 to the rotary table upper surface 14A, it falls onto the rotary table upper surface 14A and the rotary table upper surface 14A is provided on the outer periphery of the table by centrifugal force while drawing a spiral trajectory. Move to the dam ring 48 side. During this movement, the pulverized raw material is compressed and pulverized between the pulverizing roller 16 and the rotary table 14 to be finely divided. The pulverized fine powder collects and stays on the rotary table upper surface 14A between the pulverizing roller 16 and the dam ring 48. The fine powder is pressed by the crushing roller, and the density of the pulverized product is increased by the centrifugal force of the rotary table.
In the vertical crusher 10 of the present invention, a fine powder discharge portion 50 is formed in a dam ring 48 positioned on an extended line obtained by dividing an annular table liner in a radial direction or a direction intersecting the radial direction. For this reason, the powder pressed against the gap between the divided table liners 17 moves to the outer peripheral side of the table by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotary table 14, and then the fine powder discharging unit 50 on the extension line of the gap. To the outside of the rotary table upper surface 14A. Accordingly, the amount by which the finely pulverized powder is pressed against the gaps between the divided portions of the table liner 17 by the pulverizing load is reduced, and deformation and wear of the table liner 17 are effectively suppressed, thereby improving the pulverization efficiency of the pulverizer. Can be increased.

The powder that has passed over the dam ring 48 and the powder discharged from the fine powder discharge section 50 are heated by the hot air that blows from the annular passage 40 between the outer peripheral surface of the rotary table 14 and the inner peripheral surface of the casing 12. The inside of the casing 12 rises while being dried together with hot air.
The granular material is distributed by the classifying means 30 provided in the upper part in the casing 12, and the product of a predetermined particle size is discharged | emitted outside. On the other hand, the coarse powder that cannot pass through the classification means 30 falls again to the upper surface 14A of the rotary table through the internal cone 30e and is pulverized until a predetermined particle size is obtained.

  According to the vertical pulverizer of the present invention, the amount of finely pulverized powder pressed against the gaps between the divided portions of the table liner is reduced, and deformation and wear of the table liner are effectively prevented. It is possible to increase the pulverization efficiency.

  The present invention is particularly useful for a vertical crusher that crushes raw materials such as slag, cement, coal, and biomass with a crushing roller driven by the rotation of a rotary table.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ......... Vertical crusher, 12 ......... Casing, 12B ......... Lower casing, 14 ......... Rotary table, 14A ......... Rotary table upper surface, 16 ......... Crushing roller, 16a ......... Roller shaft , 17 ......... Table liner, 18 ......... Fixed hardware, 20 ......... Upper arm, 22 ......... Lower arm, 24 ......... Hydraulic cylinder, 30 ......... Classifying means, 30a ......... Rotating shaft, 30b ......... Rotating blade, 30c ......... Fixed blade, 30e ......... Inner cone, 30f ......... Feed pipe, 32 ......... Raw material inlet, 34 ......... Raw material charging chute, 40 ......... Round passage 42 ......... Gas inlet, 44 ......... Upper outlet, 48 ...... Dam ring, 50 ......... Fine powder discharger.

Claims (2)

In a vertical pulverizer that pulverizes the pulverized raw material by rotating a pulverizing roller rotatably through the pulverized raw material on the upper surface of the rotary table,
An annular table liner is divided into a plurality of fan shapes in plan view on the upper surface of the rotary table, a dam ring is provided on the outer peripheral side of the table liner, and the table liner is divided into a plurality of fine powders on the dam ring on the extended line. A vertical crusher characterized in that a discharge section is provided.   2. The vertical crusher according to claim 1, wherein the fine powder discharge unit is any one of a groove or a hole formed in the dam ring, a gap between a plurality of divided dam rings, or a combination thereof. .

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