JP6560581B2 - Deterioration state diagnosis method for sealing material and jig for measuring hardness of sealing material - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing a deterioration state of a sealing material filled in a joint portion of an outer wall of a building, and a jig for measuring the hardness of the sealing material.

  The joints on the outer wall of the building are filled with a waterproof sealing material. Sealing materials deteriorate over time due to the influence of ultraviolet rays, rainwater, and temperature changes in the outside air. Such deterioration has a problem that the flexibility of the sealing material is impaired and damage such as cracks is caused. Therefore, it is important to accurately diagnose the deterioration state of the sealing material and repair the sealing material at an appropriate timing.

  Patent Document 1 below proposes a method for diagnosing the deterioration state of a sealing material. In this diagnostic method, for example, a part of the sealing material is cut out to collect a test body, and the hardness of the test body is measured to diagnose the deterioration state of the sealing material.

Japanese Patent No. 5169980

  In periodic inspections that do not require repair of the sealing material, it is necessary to fill the cut-out portion of the sealing material with a new sealing material for repair. This restoration requires construction by a specialist in order to ensure the original waterproofness even in the case of partial filling work of the sealing material. Therefore, there is a problem that diagnosis of the deterioration state of the sealing material requires a lot of cost and time.

  The present invention has been devised in view of the above situation, and provides a sealing material deterioration state diagnosis method and a sealing material hardness measurement jig capable of diagnosing the deterioration state of a sealing material in a non-destructive manner. This is the main purpose.

The present invention is a method for diagnosing a deterioration state of a sealing material filled in a joint portion of an outer wall of a building, wherein the sealing material is exposed at the joint portion without being cut out from the joint portion. look including the step of measuring the hardness of the sealing material is pressed against the hardness tester to wood, the hardness tester includes a bottom surface, and indentor which is spring-loaded outwardly from said bottom surface, said bottom surface is the The hardness is measured by a pulling stroke of the push needle when pressed against a sealing material, and the bottom surface extends to both the left and right sides of the push needle with a width smaller than the width of the joint portion in a bottom view. It has a horizontally long contour shape .

  The method for diagnosing a deterioration state of a sealing material according to the present invention includes a step of obtaining a first relationship between the hardness of the sealing material and a physical quantity related to an elastic modulus of the sealing material prior to the step of measuring the hardness of the sealing material. Based on the first relationship, obtaining a physical quantity related to the elastic modulus of the sealing material from the hardness of the sealing material, and evaluating a deterioration state of the sealing material based on the acquired physical quantity related to the elastic modulus It is desirable to further include the step of performing.

  In the method for diagnosing a deterioration state of the sealing material according to the present invention, it is preferable that the bottom surface of the bottom surface protrudes downward in the longitudinal direction through the tip of the push needle and extending in the longitudinal direction.

  In the method for diagnosing a deterioration state of a sealing material according to the present invention, it is desirable that the bottom surface has a downwardly convex arc shape in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

  The present invention is a jig that is fixed to a hardness meter body capable of measuring the hardness of an elastic body and measures the hardness of a sealing material of a joint portion of an outer wall of a building. A bottom portion having a profile that extends horizontally in a width greater than the width of the joint portion, and includes a body portion that is fixed to the bottom portion and has a bottom surface that is pressed against the sealing material, The bottom surface of the main body has a contour shape having a width smaller than the width of the joint portion when viewed from the bottom.

  In the jig for measuring the hardness of the sealing material according to the present invention, the hardness meter main body includes a first push needle that is spring-biased outward from the bottom surface portion, and the main body portion extends from the bottom surface. It is desirable to have a second pusher that protrudes outward and transmits a pull-in stroke when the bottom surface is pressed against the sealing material to the first pusher.

  In the jig for measuring the hardness of the sealing material according to the present invention, it is desirable that the bottom surface of the bottom surface has an axial portion extending through the tip of the second push needle and extending in the longitudinal direction when viewed from the bottom. .

  In the jig for measuring the hardness of the sealing material according to the present invention, it is preferable that the bottom surface has an arc shape protruding downward in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

  The method for diagnosing the deterioration state of the sealing material according to the first invention of the present application is a step of measuring the hardness of the sealing material by pressing a hardness meter against the sealing material exposed at the joint without cutting the sealing material from the joint. Is included. The sealing material deterioration state diagnosis method according to the first invention of the present application can measure the hardness of the sealing material in a nondestructive manner, and therefore does not require repair of the sealing material by a specialist. Further, the hardness of the sealing material is one of the indexes for judging the deterioration state of the sealing material. Therefore, the sealing material deterioration state diagnosis method of the first invention of the present application can diagnose the deterioration state of the sealing material based on the hardness of the sealing material.

  The jig for measuring the hardness of the sealing material of the second invention of the present application comprises a main body having a bottom surface fixed to the bottom surface of the hardness meter main body and pressed against the sealing material. The bottom surface of the main body has a contour shape with a width smaller than the width of the joint portion when viewed from the bottom. The jig for measuring the hardness of the sealing material of the second invention of the present application can press the bottom surface against the sealing material exposed at the joint without cutting the sealing material from the joint. Therefore, the jig for measuring the hardness of the sealing material of the second invention of the present application can measure the hardness of the sealing material in a nondestructive manner.

It is a perspective view which shows an example of the hardness meter used for the degradation state diagnostic method of the sealing material of this embodiment, and an outer wall. It is a fragmentary sectional view of FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view of a hardness meter. It is a front view of a hardness meter. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the process sequence of the degradation condition diagnostic method of the sealing material of this embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the process sequence of the deterioration state diagnostic method of the sealing material of other embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the process sequence of a pre-processing process. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the physical quantity regarding hardness and an elasticity modulus about the sealing material from which a deterioration state differs. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the sealing material and the hardness meter which were dented in circular arc shape. It is a fragmentary sectional view showing the hardness meter of other embodiments of the present invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view showing the hardness meter of other embodiments of the present invention. It is a fragmentary perspective view of a hardness meter.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a hardness meter and an outer wall used in the method for diagnosing a deterioration state of a sealing material according to this embodiment. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG.

  The method for diagnosing a deterioration state of a sealing material (hereinafter, simply referred to as “diagnosis method”) according to the present embodiment is for diagnosing the deterioration state of a sealing material 4 filled in a joint portion 3 of an outer wall 2 of a building. Is the method. Generally, as the hardness of the sealing material 4 increases, the deterioration over time progresses, and damage such as cracks is likely to occur. Therefore, the hardness of the sealing material 4 can be used as one index for judging the deterioration state of the sealing material 4. In the diagnosis method of the present embodiment, the deterioration state of the sealing material 4 is diagnosed based on the hardness of the sealing material 4. A hardness meter 5 is used to measure the hardness of the sealing material 4.

  The hardness meter 5 of the present embodiment has a bottom surface 7 pressed against the sealing material 4 and a push needle 8 spring-biased outward from the bottom surface 7. With such a hardness meter 5, the hardness of the sealing material 4 can be measured by the retracting stroke of the push needle 8 when the bottom surface 7 is pressed against the sealing material 4. The hardness meter 5 of the present embodiment includes a hardness meter body 5A and a jig 5B fixed to the hardness meter body 5A. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the hardness meter 5. FIG. 4 is a front view of the hardness meter 5.

  The hardness meter main body 5A of the present embodiment is configured as a durometer capable of measuring the hardness of an elastic body including the sealing material 4, for example. The hardness meter main body 5A of the present embodiment includes a housing 11, a dial 12, and a first push needle 8A.

  The casing 11 is provided with a bottom surface portion 11b. As shown in FIG. 2, the bottom surface portion 11b of the present embodiment is formed smoothly. Further, the bottom surface portion 11b has a contour shape extending in a horizontally long shape with a width W2 larger than the width W1 (shown in FIG. 2) of the joint portion 3 in the bottom view. For this reason, the hardness meter main body 5 </ b> A of the present embodiment cannot press the bottom surface portion 11 b against the sealing material 4 exposed at the joint portion 3. Therefore, in this embodiment, a jig 5B described later having a bottom surface 7 that can be pressed against the sealing material 4 is fixed to the bottom surface portion 11b of the hardness meter main body 5A.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the dial 12 is fixed to the front surface of the housing 11. The dial 12 of the present embodiment includes a scale indicating the numerical value of hardness and a pointer 12n indicating the scale. The dial 12 displays the hardness of the elastic body according to the pulling amount of the first push needle 8A when the bottom surface portion 11b of the housing 11 is pressed against the elastic body (not shown) to be measured.

  The first push needle 8A is provided so as to protrude from the bottom surface portion 11b of the housing 11, and the tip 8Aa thereof has an arc shape protruding downward (that is, on the sealing material 4 side) (in this embodiment, hemispherical). Is formed. The first push needle 8A is spring-biased outward from the bottom surface portion 11b. 8 A of 1st push needles are arrange | positioned in the longitudinal direction of the bottom face part 11b, and the approximate center of the width direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the jig 5 </ b> B includes a main body portion 15 that is fixed to the bottom surface portion 11 b of the hardness meter main body 5 </ b> A.

  The main body portion 15 of the present embodiment includes a base portion 15A and a convex portion 15B. These base portion 15A and convex portion 15B are integrally formed. Furthermore, the main body portion 15 is provided with a first through hole 16, a second through hole 17, and a second push needle 8B.

  The base portion 15A of the present embodiment is formed in a substantially horizontally long rectangular plate shape in plan view. The upper surface 15Ao of the base portion 15A has substantially the same or slightly larger area as the bottom surface portion 11b of the hardness meter main body 5A, but is not limited to such an aspect. The upper surface 15Ao of the base portion 15A is in contact with the bottom surface portion 11b of the hardness meter main body 5A.

  The convex portion 15B of the present embodiment is formed in a substantially horizontally long rectangular plate shape when viewed from the front. The length of the convex portion 15B in the longitudinal direction is set to be substantially the same as the length of the base portion 15A in the longitudinal direction. The convex portion 15B extends downward (that is, on the sealing material 4 side) from a substantially central position in the width direction of the lower surface of the base portion 15A. Thereby, the main-body part 15 is formed in T shape in a side view. In addition, the main-body part 15 is not necessarily limited to what is formed in such T shape, For example, it may be formed in L shape etc.

  The convex portion 15B has a bottom surface 7 pressed against the sealing material 4 (shown in FIG. 2). The bottom surface 7 has a width W3 that is smaller than the width W1 (shown in FIG. 2) of the joint portion 3 in a bottom view, and has a horizontally elongated contour shape that extends to the left and right sides of the second push needle 8B (the push needle 8). doing. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the bottom surface 7 of the jig 5B may be pressed against the sealing material 4 exposed at the joint portion 3 unlike the bottom surface portion 11b of the hardness meter main body 5A of the present embodiment. it can.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the first through hole 16 penetrates between the upper surface 15Ao of the base portion 15A and the bottom surface 7 of the convex portion 15B in the vertical direction. The first through-hole 16 of the present embodiment has the same position as the position where the first pusher needle 8A is disposed (in this embodiment, the base 15A and the convexity) in a state where the jig 5B is fixed to the hardness meter main body 5A. It is formed in the longitudinal direction of the portion 15B and the approximate center in the width direction. As shown in FIG. 4, the first through hole 16 of the present embodiment includes a hole 16a and a counterbore 16b having a larger diameter than the hole 16a. The counterbore 16b of the present embodiment is provided on the upper surface 15Ao side of the base 15A with respect to the hole 16a. A second push needle 8B described later is inserted into the first through hole 16 as described above.

  As shown in FIG. 3, like the first through hole 16, the second through hole 17 penetrates between the upper surface 15 </ b> Ao of the base portion 15 </ b> A and the bottom surface 7 of the convex portion 15 </ b> B in the vertical direction. The second through holes 17 of the present embodiment are provided on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the main body portion 15 with the first through holes 16 in between. Each of the second through holes 17 and 17 of the present embodiment includes a hole 17a and a counterbore 17b having a larger diameter than the hole 17a. The counterbore 17b of the present embodiment is provided closer to the bottom surface 7 of the convex portion 15B than the hole 17a. A fixing tool 21 such as a bolt is inserted into the second through-holes 17 and 17 from the bottom surface 7 side of the convex portion 15B, and is attached to the mounting holes 22 and 22 provided in the bottom surface portion 11b of the hardness meter main body 5A. The fixing tool 21 is screwed. Thereby, the hardness meter main body 5A and the jig 5B are fixed integrally.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the second push needle 8 </ b> B is formed in a columnar shape extending along the first through hole 16. The tip 8Ba of the second push needle 8B is formed in an arc shape (in this embodiment, a hemisphere) that is convex downward (that is, on the sealing material 4 side), like the tip 8Aa of the first push needle 8A. . The second push needle 8B is slidably inserted into the first through hole 16.

  At the upper end of the second push needle 8B, the tip end side of the second push needle 8B protrudes outward from the bottom surface 7 of the convex portion 15B (that is, the tip 8Ba of the second push needle 8B has an elasticity to be evaluated. In a state where the body or the like is not pressed, a retaining portion 24 for preventing the second pusher needle 8B from coming off from the first through hole 16 is formed. As shown in FIG. 4, the retaining portion 24 is locked to the counterbore 16b of the first through hole 16 in a state where the second pusher needle 8B is separated from the first pusher needle 8A. Thereby, play is set between the second push needle 8B and the first push needle 8A. Such play can reduce the burden on the hardness meter main body 5A during non-measurement.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the second pusher needle 8B is slid toward the hardness meter body 5A, and the other end 8Bb of the second pusher needle 8B on the hardness meter body 5A side is connected to the hardness meter body 5A. It contacts the tip 8Aa of the first push needle 8A. Further, the second pusher needle 8B slides toward the hardness meter main body 5A side with the other end 8Bb of the second pusher needle 8B being in contact with the tip 8Aa of the first pusher needle 8A. Can be pulled in. As a result, the second pusher needle 8B can transmit the pull-in stroke when the bottom surface 7 of the main body portion 15 is pressed against the elastic body (sealing material 4 or the like) to the first pusher needle 8A. The hardness of the elastic body is measured by the main body 5A. Accordingly, the first push needle 8A and the second push needle 8B constitute the push needle 8 of the hardness meter 5 of the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the length L1 in the longitudinal direction of the second push needle 8B is desirably set to be the same as the length L2 in the longitudinal direction of the first through hole 16. As a result, the first push-in amount until the tip 8Ba of the second push needle 8B is received in the first through hole 16 after the other end 8Bb of the second push needle 8B contacts the first push needle 8A is reduced. The amount of retraction until the tip 8Aa of the needle 8A is retracted can be made coincident. Therefore, the hardness meter 5 of the present embodiment can measure the entire range of hardness that can be measured by the hardness meter body 5A even if the jig 5B is fixed to the hardness meter body 5A.

  Next, a diagnostic method using the hardness meter 5 having the jig 5B of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of a processing procedure of the sealing material deterioration state diagnosis method of the present embodiment.

  In the diagnostic method of the present embodiment, first, the hardness of the sealing material 4 is measured (step S1). In step S1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, after the second push needle 8B (push needle 8) is brought into contact with the sealing material 4 to be measured exposed at the joint portion 3. Further, the hardness meter 5 is pressed against the sealing material 4 until the bottom surface 7 of the jig 5B comes into contact with the sealing material 4. Thereby, in process S1, the hardness of the sealing material 4 is measured by the drawing stroke of the push needle 8 (the 1st push needle 8A and the 2nd push needle 8B).

  2 and 3, the bottom surface 7 of the hardness meter 5 has a width W3 smaller than the width W1 of the joint portion 3 on the left and right sides of the second push needle 8B (push needle 8) in the bottom view. It has a horizontally elongated contour shape. Thereby, in process S1, the bottom face 7 of the hardness meter 5 can be reliably pressed against the sealing material 4. Therefore, in step 1 of the present embodiment, the hardness of the sealing material 4 can be measured non-destructively without cutting the sealing material 4 from the joint portion 3, so that it is not necessary to repair the sealing material 4 by a specialist. .

  Since the hardness meter 5 of the present embodiment uses the jig 5B having the bottom surface 7 having the width W3 smaller than the width W1 of the joint portion 3, the bottom surface portion having the width W2 larger than the width W1 of the joint portion 3. The hardness of the sealing material 4 can be measured by a general-purpose hardness tester body 5A having 11b. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is not necessary to manufacture a new hardness meter main body (not shown) having a bottom surface that can be pressed against the sealing material 4 (that is, a bottom surface having a width smaller than the width W1 of the joint portion 3). The manufacturing cost of the hardness meter 5 can be suppressed.

  By the way, as shown in FIG. 2, the sealing material 4 is firmly restrained by boundary surfaces 25 and 25 between the sealing material 4 and the wall panels 2 </ b> P and 2 </ b> P forming the outer wall 2. For this reason, since the sealing material 4 is hard to deform | transform flexibly in the boundary surfaces 25 and 25 side, there exists a possibility that it may become difficult to fully press the bottom face 7 of the hardness meter 5 against the sealing material 4. FIG.

  In step S <b> 1, it is desirable that the bottom surface 7 of the hardness meter 5 is pressed away from the boundary surfaces 25 and 25 of the sealing material 4 in order to sufficiently press the bottom surface 7 of the hardness meter 5 against the sealing material 4. Thereby, the influence by the restraint force in the boundary surfaces 25 and 25 of the sealing material 4 can be suppressed to the minimum, and the bottom surface 7 of the hardness meter 5 can be sufficiently pressed against the sealing material 4. In order to separate the bottom surface 7 of the hardness meter 5 from the boundary surfaces 25, 25 of the sealing material 4, the width W3 of the bottom surface 7 is 90% or less, more preferably 80% or less of the width W1 of the joint portion 3. It is desirable to set.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, in the diagnosis method of the present embodiment, it is determined whether or not the hardness of the sealing material 4 is within a predetermined allowable range (step S2). As described above, as the hardness of the sealing material 4 (shown in FIG. 2) increases, the deterioration over time progresses and damage such as cracks is likely to occur. In the diagnosis method of the present embodiment, the deterioration state of the sealing material 4 is determined depending on whether or not the hardness of the sealing material 4 is within an allowable range. In addition, about the tolerance | permissible_range of the hardness of the sealing material 4, it can set suitably according to the mixing | blending and performance of the sealing material 4, the temperature at the time of a measurement, etc.

  In step S2, when the hardness of the sealing material 4 is within a predetermined allowable range (“Y” in step S2), it is determined that the sealing material 4 has not yet deteriorated. In such a case, for example, the next periodic inspection is guided (step S3). It is desirable that the period of the regular inspection is determined according to the degree of deterioration of the sealing material 4.

  On the other hand, when the hardness of the sealing material 4 is outside the predetermined allowable range (“N” in step S2), it is determined that the sealing material 4 has already deteriorated. In such a case, for example, repair of the sealing material 4 is guided (step S4). About the time of repair, the content of repair, etc., it is desirable to be determined according to the deterioration condition of the sealing material 4.

  In the diagnosis method of the present embodiment, the mode in which the deterioration state of the sealing material 4 is determined based on the allowable range of the hardness of the sealing material 4 (shown in FIG. 2) is exemplified, but the present invention is limited to such a mode. I don't mean. For example, a general technical guideline relating to a method for diagnosing the deterioration state of the sealing material 4 (for example, “Technical guideline and explanation on watertight design and construction of outer wall joints of the Architectural Institute of Japan”) relates to the elastic modulus of the sealing material 4. It has been proposed that the deterioration state of the sealing material 4 is determined based on the physical quantity. As a physical quantity related to the elastic modulus of the sealing material 4, for example, 50% tensile stress is used.

  In the above technical guidelines, the physical quantity related to the elastic modulus of the sealing material 4 is measured using a sealing material (not shown) cut out from the joint portion 3 (shown in FIG. 1). For this reason, in the diagnostic method based on the above technical guidelines, it is necessary to repair the sealing material 4 by a specialist.

  As a result of intensive studies, the inventors have a certain correlation between the hardness of the sealing material 4 and the physical quantity related to the elastic modulus of the sealing material 4, and the hardness of the sealing material 4 and the elasticity of the sealing material 4. It has been found that the deterioration state of the sealing material 4 can be evaluated based on the above technical guidelines by obtaining the first relationship with the physical quantity relating to the rate in advance.

  In this embodiment, a physical quantity related to the elastic modulus of the sealing material 4 is obtained from the hardness of the sealing material 4 measured by the hardness meter 5 based on the first relationship obtained in advance, and the deterioration state of the sealing material 4 is determined. Deciding. As described in the previous embodiment, in the present invention, the hardness of the sealing material 4 can be measured without cutting the sealing material 4 from the joint portion 3. Therefore, in the diagnosis method of this embodiment, the deterioration state of the sealing material 4 based on the technical guideline can be evaluated nondestructively. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of a processing procedure of a sealing material deterioration state diagnosis method according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those of the previous embodiments, and the description may be omitted.

  In the diagnosis method of the present invention, prior to the step S1 of measuring the hardness of the sealing material, a first relationship R1 between the hardness of the sealing material 4 and a physical quantity related to the elastic modulus of the sealing material 4 is obtained (preprocessing step S5). FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the preprocessing step S5.

  In the pretreatment step S5 of this embodiment, first, the hardness of the sealing material 4 (not shown) having a different deterioration state is measured (step S51). In step S51 of this embodiment, the hardness of the deteriorated sealing material (hereinafter, also referred to as “first sealing material”) that does not require repair for the same sealing material as the sealing material 4 to be diagnosed, and The hardness of a deteriorated sealing material (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as “second sealing material”) that requires repair is measured. The deterioration state is preferably determined based on, for example, the above technical guidelines.

  For example, a hardness meter 5 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is used to measure the hardness of each sealing material (in this embodiment, the first sealing material and the second sealing material). The number of the first sealing material and the second sealing material whose hardness is measured can be appropriately set as long as there are at least one each. In addition, in order to obtain | require the 1st relationship R1 accurately, it is so desirable that there are many numbers of the 1st sealing materials and 2nd sealing materials from which hardness is measured.

  Next, in the pretreatment step S5 of this embodiment, a physical quantity relating to the elastic modulus of each sealing material (in this embodiment, the first sealing material and the second sealing material) having different deterioration states is measured (step S52). In step S52, the physical quantity relating to the elastic modulus is measured for each sealing material (the first sealing material and the second sealing material) whose hardness is measured in step S51. As a physical quantity related to the elastic modulus of this embodiment, 50% tensile stress is used. The physical quantity relating to the elastic modulus (50% tensile stress) is preferably measured based on the above technical guideline, for example.

  Next, the pretreatment step S5 of this embodiment is based on the physical quantities related to the hardness and elastic modulus of each sealing material 4 (in this embodiment, the first sealing material and the second sealing material) having different deterioration states. A relationship R1 is obtained (step S53). FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the hardness and the physical quantity relating to the elastic modulus for the sealing materials having different deterioration states. In step S53 of this embodiment, for example, an approximate straight line 26 based on the least square method is obtained for the hardness of each sealing material measured in step S51 and the physical quantity related to the elastic modulus of each sealing material measured in step S52. It is done. This approximate straight line 26 is defined as the first relationship R1. The approximate straight line 26 may be obtained not only by linear regression but also by logarithmic regression.

  Such a first relationship R1 can uniquely acquire a physical quantity related to the elastic modulus of the sealing material 4 from the hardness of the sealing material 4 measured in step S1 in step S6 described later. Therefore, in the diagnosis method of this embodiment, the physical quantity related to the elastic modulus of the sealing material 4 can be obtained from the hardness of the sealing material 4 without cutting the sealing material 4 from the joint portion 3.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6, in the diagnostic method of this embodiment, the hardness of the sealing material 4 (shown in FIG. 2) is measured (step S1), and based on the first relationship R1 (shown in FIG. 8). Thus, the physical quantity related to the elastic modulus of the sealing material 4 is acquired from the hardness of the sealing material 4 (step S6). As described above, the physical quantity related to the elastic modulus of the sealing material 4 is uniquely obtained from the hardness of the sealing material 4 measured in step S1 based on the first relationship R1.

  Next, in the diagnosis method of this embodiment, the deterioration state of the sealing material is evaluated based on the physical quantity related to the elastic modulus acquired in step S6 (step S7). In the above technical guidelines, numerical ranges of physical quantities related to elastic modulus are defined for each deterioration state (first deterioration degree, second deterioration degree, and third deterioration degree) of the sealing material 4. In step S7 of this embodiment, does the physical quantity related to the elastic modulus of the sealing material 4 obtained in step S6 belong to a numerical range defined for each of the first deterioration degree, the second deterioration degree, and the third deterioration degree? The deterioration state of the sealing material 4 is determined depending on whether or not it is present.

  In step S7, when the physical quantity related to the elastic modulus is within the numerical range of the first deterioration degree, it is determined that the sealing material 4 has not yet deteriorated. Moreover, in process S7, when the hardness of the sealing material 4 is in the numerical range of the second deterioration degree, it is necessary to repair the sealing material 4 at a relatively early time, but it is necessary to repair the sealing material 4 immediately. Not determined. Therefore, when the physical quantity related to the elastic modulus is within the numerical range of the first deterioration degree or the numerical range of the second deterioration degree, for example, the next periodic inspection is guided (step S3). It is desirable that the period of the regular inspection is determined according to the degree of deterioration of the sealing material 4.

  In step S7, when the hardness of the sealing material 4 is within the numerical range of the third deterioration degree, it is determined that the sealing material 4 has already deteriorated and needs to be repaired immediately. In such a case, for example, repair of the sealing material 4 is guided (step S4). About the time of repair, the content of repair, etc., it is desirable to be determined according to the deterioration condition of the sealing material 4.

  As described above, the diagnostic method of this embodiment can acquire a physical quantity related to the elastic modulus of the sealing material 4 from the hardness of the sealing material 4, so that the above-mentioned technical guideline is used without cutting the sealing material 4 from the joint portion 3. Based on this, it is possible to accurately diagnose the deterioration state of the sealing material 4.

  FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of the sealing material 4 and the hardness meter 5 that are recessed in an arc shape. As shown in FIG. 9, the hardness meter 5 of the previous embodiments is provided with substantially right-angled corners 28 and 28 on both sides in the width direction of the bottom surface 7 in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. However, the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment.

  The sealing material 4 has an arcuate outer surface due to the leveling of the sealing material 4 itself due to leveling during construction, aging, or expansion of the width W1 of the joint portion 3 due to shrinkage of the exterior material of the outer wall 2. May dent. In some cases, it is difficult to sufficiently press the bottom surface 7 having the protruding corner portions 28, 28 against the arc-shaped outer surface of the sealing material 4. In such a case, the second push needle 8B (push needle 8) cannot be sufficiently retracted, and may be measured smaller than the actual hardness.

  FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a hardness meter 5 according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those of the previous embodiments, and the description may be omitted. The hardness meter 5 of this embodiment has chamfered portions 29 and 29 in which the protruding corner portions 28 and 28 shown in FIG. 9 are chamfered in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. By such chamfered portions 29, 29, the convex portion 15B of the hardness meter 5 of this embodiment is formed in a trapezoidal cross section. Since the hardness meter 5 can further reduce the width W3 of the bottom surface 7, it is easy to press the bottom surface 7 against the arcuate outer surface of the sealing material 4. Thereby, the hardness of the sealing material 4 can be accurately measured.

  In the embodiments described so far, the bottom surface 7 is formed smoothly. However, the present invention is not limited to such a mode. FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a hardness meter 5 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those of the previous embodiments, and the description may be omitted. The bottom surface 7 of this embodiment is formed in an arc shape that protrudes downward (that is, on the sealing material 4 side) in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. In the present specification, the arc shape is a concept including not only a part of the circumference (that is, an arc) but also a part of the curve. Such a bottom surface 7 can be brought into close contact with the arcuate outer surface of the sealing material 4. Thereby, the hardness of the sealing material 4 can be measured more accurately.

  FIG. 12 is a partial perspective view of the hardness meter 5. The bottom surface 7 has a shaft portion 32 that passes through the tip 8Ba of the push needle 8 (second push needle 8B) and extends in the longitudinal direction in the bottom view and protrudes to the lowest (that is, the sealing material 4 side). desirable. That is, it is desirable that the projecting portion 33 projecting to the bottom of the bottom surface 7 and the axial portion 32 coincide. Thereby, for example, even if the bottom surface 7 is formed in a cross-sectional arc shape or a cross-sectional trapezoidal shape, the pulling amount of the push needle 8 (second push needle 8B) when the sealing material 4 is pressed against the bottom surface 7, Since it can be made to correspond to the pull-in amount of the push needle of the general-purpose hardness meter main body 5A, the hardness of the sealing material 4 (shown in FIG. 11) can be accurately measured.

  Although the hardness meter 5 of the embodiments so far has been exemplified by a configuration including the hardness meter main body 5A and the jig 5B fixed to the hardness meter main body 5A, it is limited to such a mode. Do not mean. For example, when the hardness meter main body 5A has a bottom surface 7 (not shown) having a contour shape with a width smaller than the width W1 (shown in FIG. 2) of the joint portion 3 when viewed from the bottom surface, You may comprise only the meter main body 5A. Such a hardness meter 5 (hardness meter main body 5A) can press the bottom surface 7 against the sealing material 4 exposed at the joint 3 even if the jig 5B is not fixed. Hardness can be easily measured.

  As mentioned above, although especially preferable embodiment of this invention was explained in full detail, this invention is not limited to embodiment of illustration, It can deform | transform and implement in a various aspect.

[Example A]
Hardness meters having the basic structure shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and having different bottom shapes were manufactured (Examples 1 to 3). As shown in FIG. 9, the hardness meter of Example 1 is provided with substantially right-angled corners on both sides in the width direction of the bottom surface in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. As shown in FIG. 10, in the hardness meter of Example 2, chamfered portions are formed on both sides in the width direction of the bottom surface in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. As shown in FIG. 11, the bottom surface of the third embodiment is formed in a downwardly convex arc shape in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

Using the hardness meter of Example 1 to Example 3, the hardness of the sealing material filled in the joint portion of the outer wall shown in FIG. 1 was measured. The common specifications are as follows.
Hardness meter body: Asker rubber hardness meter C type, manufactured by Kobunshi Keiki Co., Ltd. Joint part width W1: 10 mm
Width W2 of the bottom surface of the hardness meter body: 18mm
Width of jig bottom surface W3: 8mm

  As a result of the test, the hardness meter of Examples 1 to 3 was able to measure the hardness of the sealing material by pressing the bottom surface of the jig against the sealing material exposed at the joint. Further, since the chamfered portion was provided on the bottom surface of the hardness meter of Example 2, the bottom surface could be easily pressed against the sealing material as compared with the hardness meter of Example 1. Furthermore, since the bottom surface of the hardness meter of Example 3 is formed in a downwardly convex arc shape, the bottom surface can be easily adhered to the sealing material as compared with the hardness meter of Example 1 and Example 2. It was.

[Example B]
An outer wall having the basic structure shown in FIG. 1 and having a different deterioration state of the sealing material was prepared, and the deterioration state of the sealing material was diagnosed (Example 4, experimental example). In the diagnosis of the deterioration state of the fourth embodiment, prior to the process of measuring the hardness of each sealing material according to the processing procedure shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. I was asked. And the hardness of each sealing material was measured, and the physical quantity regarding the elasticity modulus of a sealing material was acquired from the hardness of the sealing material based on the 1st relationship.

  In the experimental example, based on the technical guidelines (“Technical guidelines for watertight design and construction of outer wall joints and construction by the Architectural Institute of Japan”), specimens were cut out from each sealing material, and the elasticity of each specimen was collected. The physical quantity related to the rate was measured. Then, an error between the physical quantity related to the elastic modulus of Example 4 and the physical quantity related to the elastic modulus of the experimental example was calculated. The common specifications are the same as those in the example A.

  As a result of the test, the error between the physical quantity related to the elastic modulus obtained in accordance with the first relationship (Example 4) and the physical quantity related to the elastic modulus measured on the test piece (experimental example) was within an allowable range. It was. Therefore, the deterioration state of the sealing material can be diagnosed nondestructively based on the above technical guidelines without cutting the sealing material from the joint.

3 Joint 4 Sealing Material 5 Hardness Tester 5B Jig 7 Bottom 15 Body

Claims (8)

A method for diagnosing a deterioration state of a sealing material filled in a joint portion of an outer wall of a building,
Wherein without cutting out the sealant from the joint portion, it viewed including the step of measuring the hardness of the sealing material is pressed against the hardness meter sealant exposed by the joint portion,
The hardness meter has a bottom surface and a push needle that is spring-biased outward from the bottom surface, and measures hardness by a retraction stroke of the push needle when the bottom surface is pressed against the sealing material. Is,
The method for diagnosing a deterioration state of a sealing material, wherein the bottom surface has a horizontally elongated contour shape extending in the left and right sides of the push needle with a width smaller than the width of the joint portion in a bottom view . Prior to the step of measuring the hardness of the sealing material, including the step of determining a first relationship between the hardness of the sealing material and a physical quantity related to the elastic modulus of the sealing material,
Obtaining a physical quantity related to an elastic modulus of the sealing material from the hardness of the sealing material based on the first relationship;
The method for diagnosing a deterioration state of a sealing material according to claim 1, further comprising a step of evaluating a deterioration state of the sealing material based on the acquired physical quantity relating to the elastic modulus. 3. The method for diagnosing a deterioration state of a sealing material according to claim 1 , wherein the bottom surface of the bottom surface has an axial portion that passes through the tip of the push needle and extends in the longitudinal direction in the bottom view . The method for diagnosing a deterioration state of a sealing material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bottom surface has a downwardly convex arc shape in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction . A jig for measuring the hardness of the sealing material of the joint portion of the outer wall of the building, fixed to the hardness meter body capable of measuring the hardness of the elastic body,
The hardness meter body includes a bottom surface portion having a contour shape extending in a horizontally long shape with a width larger than the width of the joint portion in a bottom view,
A body portion having a bottom surface fixed to the bottom surface portion and pressed against the sealing material;
The jig for measuring the hardness of a sealing material, wherein the bottom surface of the main body portion has a contour shape having a width smaller than the width of the joint portion in a bottom view . The hardness meter main body has a first push needle spring-biased outward from the bottom surface,
The said main-body part has a 2nd push needle which protrudes outward from the said bottom face, and transmits the drawing stroke when the said bottom face is pressed by the said sealing material to a said 1st push needle. Jig for measuring the hardness of sealing materials. The jig for measuring the hardness of a sealing material according to claim 6 , wherein the bottom surface of the bottom surface has an axial line portion extending through the tip of the second push needle and extending in the longitudinal direction when viewed from the bottom . The jig for measuring the hardness of a sealing material according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the bottom surface has an arc shape protruding downward in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction .

Images