JP6563650B2 - Alarm - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an alarm device for detecting and notifying gas leakage or fire in a monitoring area. More specifically, for example, a state in which a member that is not constantly operating can function normally, such as a display member that is energized only when the display state is changed, or a notification member that is activated only when a fire is notified. It is related with the alarm device which can check easily whether it exists in.

  For example, an alarm device for detecting and notifying gas leaks, fires, and the like is alerted by a notification member such as a buzzer when an abnormal state around the alarm device is detected by a detection unit such as a sensor. (For example, refer patent document 1). In addition, battery-type alarm devices are increasing because of the advantage that the installation location of the alarm device is not limited by the location of the commercial power supply (outlet). In such a battery type alarm device, it is preferable that whether or not the battery capacity is sufficient to operate normally can be always displayed with as little power consumption as possible, that is, a method in which the battery lasts longer. For this reason, it is preferable to always display like the indicator for displaying the remaining amount of the battery, and the display is used for an application that does not need to change the display state frequently such as the remaining amount display of the battery. As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-228707, a type of display is used that is energized only when the display is changed, and can maintain the display state that has been set once in a non-energized state during other periods. .

JP 2000-315288 A

  As mentioned above, electrical members such as notification members that operate only during alarms and non-energized displays that maintain the desired display without being energized are energized for most of the duration of the alarm. It will not be. For this reason, even if a problem that prevents normal operation occurs, the user may not be able to recognize. For example, in the energization path for supplying current to a buzzer or a non-energized display, contact failure of the connector part or disconnection of the conductor has occurred due to aging or sudden external force, or due to condensation, electromigration, or whisker Even if a short circuit occurs, it may not be recognized and may not operate normally when an operation is required, such as when an abnormal state of the surrounding environment is detected or when the remaining battery level is low.

  In particular, in the case of a non-energized display as shown in Patent Document 1, even if energization is performed in order to check whether or not there is a problem in normal times, any change is seen in the display itself depending on the display state at that time. Therefore, it may not be possible to determine whether there is a defect. In addition, if the user of the alarm device sees the operation of the display device and determines whether or not there is a problem, there is a problem that the trouble confirmation work becomes complicated. In order to eliminate the need for user involvement, it is conceivable that the voltage of the path is monitored when the display is energized, and a failure is detected by comparison with a predetermined threshold value. Is connected between the power supply and the ground potential even though it may be connected via switches, so even if the voltage on the energization path is monitored, the power supply potential or the same as normal when the display is disconnected Only the voltage of the ground potential can be obtained, and a stable measurement voltage cannot be obtained at the time of a short circuit, and there is a problem that the presence or absence of a defect cannot be detected properly.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, such as a disconnection or a short circuit of a current-carrying path of an electric member such as a notification member or a display that operates when energized, and an additional member. An object of the present invention is to provide an alarm device that can be easily detected with a simple configuration without requiring much.

  The alarm device of the present invention is an alarm device including a power source unit including a power source that supplies power at a predetermined voltage, and a detection unit that is driven by energization from the power source unit and detects an abnormality in the monitoring region, An electrical member having at least two energization terminals, configured to perform a predetermined operation by energizing the energization terminal from the power supply unit, and configured to store electric power of the power source and to discharge when energizing the electrical member. A storage unit, a control unit that controls switching between electrical connection and disconnection between the energization terminal, the power supply unit or the ground potential, and a failure configured to detect a failure of the electrical member Detection means, and the failure detection means is configured to detect a failure of the electrical member based on a change in energization voltage to the electrical member due to discharge of the power storage means.

The electrical member has first and second energization terminals, and the control unit electrically connects and disconnects between the first and second energization terminals and the power supply unit and the ground potential, respectively. And the failure detection means is further based on the voltage of the first energization terminal and / or the second energization terminal after a predetermined time has elapsed since the energization start of the electrical member. It is configured to detect a malfunction of the electrical member Te.

  In addition, the control unit is configured so that the first power supply unit and one of the first and second energization terminals are electrically connected after a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of energization of the electric member. And a switching control in which the electrical connection between the other of the second energization terminals and the ground potential is interrupted, and the failure detection means immediately after the switching control, the first and second energizations Based on the voltage of only one or the other of the terminals, it may be configured to perform a detection operation in which both disconnection and short-circuit of the electric member can be detected. With this configuration, only one of the energization terminals is used for the electric operation regardless of which direction the current flows between the first energization terminal and the second energization terminal. This is preferable because a failure of the member can be detected.

  Further, when the failure detection means performs the detection operation based on the one voltage of the first and second energization terminals, and the detection based on the other voltage of the first and second energization terminals. When the operation is performed, it is preferable that the detection reference is made different because it is possible to detect a failure of the electric member based on an appropriate reference according to the direction of the electric current applied to the electric member.

In another aspect, the alarm device of the present invention includes a power supply unit including a power supply that supplies power at a predetermined voltage, and a detection unit that is driven by energization from the power supply unit and detects an abnormality in the monitoring region. An alarm device comprising at least two energization terminals, an electrical member that performs a predetermined operation by energizing the energization terminal from the power supply unit, and storing the power of the power source and energizing the electrical member Storing means configured to discharge at times, a control unit for controlling switching between electrical connection and disconnection between the energization terminal and the power supply unit or ground potential, and detecting a failure of the electrical member Fault detection means configured as described above, wherein the fault detection means detects a fault of the electric member based on a change in energization voltage to the electric member due to discharge of the power storage means. Is, the electrical member having a plurality of current paths connected in parallel current flows by energization from the power supply unit, the in fault detection means, all disconnection of the plurality of current paths of said electrical member a detection criteria are met when at least one of said plurality of current paths is thus provided at least two disconnection detection criteria and the detection criteria are met only disconnected. According to this aspect, it is possible to detect before all of the energization paths connected in parallel are disconnected, and it is preferable because measures such as replacement can be performed in advance.

In another aspect, the alarm device of the present invention includes a power supply unit including a power supply that supplies power at a predetermined voltage, and a detection unit that is driven by energization from the power supply unit and detects an abnormality in the monitoring region. An alarm device comprising at least two energization terminals, an electrical member that performs a predetermined operation by energizing the energization terminal from the power supply unit, and storing electric power of the power source, to the electrical member Power storage means configured to discharge when energized, a control unit that controls switching between electrical connection and disconnection between the energization terminal and the power supply unit or the ground potential, and detecting a failure of the electrical member and defect detecting means configured to, possess an external operating means capable of operating from the outside, the said fault detection means, the fault detecting means, to the electric member by the discharge of the accumulator unit Be configured to detect a malfunction of the electrical member based on a change in electrostatic voltage, performs a failure detecting operation of said electrical members for each predetermined first set time, at the time of installation of the alarm and / or wherein between the time the operation of the external operating means in a predetermined time, it is configured to perform the defect detecting operation of the electrical member for each of the shorter than the first set time second set time. According to this aspect, it is possible to detect a failure early by a periodic failure detection operation.

In another aspect, the alarm device of the present invention includes a power supply unit including a power supply that supplies power at a predetermined voltage, and a detection unit that is driven by energization from the power supply unit and detects an abnormality in the monitoring region. An alarm device comprising at least two energization terminals, an electrical member that performs a predetermined operation by energizing the energization terminal from the power supply unit, and storing electric power of the power source, to the electrical member Power storage means configured to discharge when energized, a control unit that controls switching between electrical connection and disconnection between the energization terminal and the power supply unit or the ground potential, and detecting a failure of the electrical member Failure detecting means configured to detect the failure of the electrical member based on a change in energization voltage to the electrical member due to discharge of the power storage means. Is configured to, the electrical member is set the display state by energization from the power supply unit, even after the energization is stopped that is configured such that the display state can be maintained.

  According to the present invention, since the electric storage means is configured to be discharged when the electric member is energized, if the electric member has a defect such as a disconnection or a short circuit, the energization that is different from the normal state as time passes. A voltage is obtained. Therefore, simply by energizing the electric member, it is possible to easily detect a failure such as a disconnection or a short circuit of the electric member based on the difference in the energization voltage. For this reason, it is possible to periodically check the alarm member and the display device for defects, and to check frequently when there is a suspicion of the problem. As a result, the failure of each electric member can be found at an early stage, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a situation in which the electric member cannot operate normally when it should be operated.

  Furthermore, the electric member is not energized, and one end of the energization path of the electric member is connected to the power supply unit, and the malfunction detection operation is performed in a state where the connection to the ground potential at the other end is cut off. Therefore, it is possible to detect both disconnection and short-circuit of the electric member by simply monitoring one energizing terminal of the electric member by the failure detecting means regardless of the direction of the current in the energizing path, and a simple circuit structure. Thus, it is possible to detect a failure of the electric member.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of one Embodiment of the alarm device of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the circuit relevant to the malfunction detection operation | movement of the alarm device of this invention. It is a front view which shows an example of the external appearance of the alarm device of this invention. FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing an example of a voltage change of each part when Q1 of the circuit shown in FIG. 2 is turned on. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an energization state during a t11 period in the timing chart shown in FIG. 4. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an energization state during a t12 period in the timing chart illustrated in FIG. 4. It is a figure explaining the energization state of t13 period of the timing chart shown by FIG. FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing an example of a voltage change of each part when Q3 of the circuit shown in FIG. 2 is turned on. It is a figure explaining the energization state of t22 period of the timing chart shown by FIG. It is a figure explaining the energization state of t23 period of the timing chart shown by FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of the circuit relevant to the malfunction detection operation | movement of the alarm device of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the non-energization type | mold display using an electromagnet. It is a figure explaining operation | movement of the indicator shown by FIG. It is a figure which shows the example by which the electricity supply path | route of the display shown by FIG. 9 is connected in parallel.

  Next, the alarm device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. One embodiment of the alarm device of the present invention includes a power supply 21 that supplies power at a predetermined voltage, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, which is a schematic block diagram and an example of a circuit of a part related to failure detection. And a detection unit 3 that is driven by energization from the power supply unit 21 and detects an abnormality in the monitoring region. Moreover, the alarm device 1 of the present embodiment has at least two energization terminals (first energization terminal S1 and second energization terminal S2 in the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2), and the first power from the power supply unit 2. And an electrical member that performs a predetermined operation by energizing the second energization terminals S1 and S2 (in the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the display unit 4, specifically, the electrical member constituting the display unit 4), and a power source The power storage means (capacitor 22 in the present embodiment) configured to store the electric power of 21 and to be discharged when the electric member (display unit 4) is energized, the first and second energization terminals S1 and S2, and the power supply unit 2 Alternatively, it includes a control unit 5 that controls switching between electrical connection and disconnection with the ground potential, and fault detection means 14 configured to detect a fault in the electrical member (display unit 4). ing. And in the alarm device 1 of this embodiment, as will be described later, the malfunction detection means 14 is based on a change in the energization voltage to the electrical member (display unit 4) due to the discharge of the power storage means (capacitor 22). The display unit 4) is configured to detect a malfunction.

  Moreover, the alarm device 1 of this embodiment has the failure notification means 16, and when a failure is detected by the failure detection means 14, for example, according to the operation of the external operation means 12 by a user or the like, the failure state It may be notified by the failure notification means 16.

  FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show an example in which the display unit 4 has the first and second energization terminals S <b> 1 and S <b> 2, and the electrical member that is the target of failure detection by the failure detection means 14. As will be described later, the display unit 4 can be mainly formed by, for example, the indicator 40 shown in FIG. 9 or the like, and therefore, the electric member that is the target of the defect detection is specifically the display shown in FIG. The container 40 may be used. In this case, the first and second energization terminals S1 and S2 may be any of the set terminal 45a, the common terminal 45b, and the reset terminal 45c shown in FIG. 9, for example. However, the electrical member whose failure is detected by the failure detection means 14 is not limited to the display device 40 as long as it functions by being energized. For example, the failure notification means 16 such as a light emitting diode, a buzzer, or a speaker is provided. The electric member to comprise, the various sensors which comprise the detection part 3, etc. may be sufficient. If the energization path of each electric member has an appropriate electric resistance, the malfunction can be detected in the alarm device 1 of the present embodiment. Further, as will be described later, by appropriately selecting the capacitance value of the power storage means (capacitor 22) and the like, it is possible to detect a failure of an electric member whose electric resistance of the energization path is within a certain range.

  The display 40 shown in FIG. 9 is an example of an electrical member having three energization terminals, but at least two or more energization terminals are electrical members that are subject to failure detection by the failure detection means 14. In the failure detection in the alarm device 1 of the present embodiment, energization is performed on two of the energization terminals.

  In the following description, the alarm device 1 of the present embodiment will be described mainly using a case where the electrical member that is the target of the failure detection by the failure detection means 14 is the electrical member that constitutes the display unit 4. .

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a switch unit 11 is connected between the control unit 5 and the display unit 4. The switch unit 11 is controlled to be turned on / off by the display control unit 51 of the control unit 5, thereby switching between connection and disconnection of the display unit 4, the power supply unit 2, and the ground potential. Energization from the power source 21 is controlled. In addition, the defect detection unit 14 is connected to the energization path between the display unit 4 and the switch unit 11, and based on a change in energization voltage applied from the power supply unit 2 to the display unit 4 via the switch unit 11. An operation for detecting a defect such as disconnection or short-circuit of the display unit 4 is performed.

  The power source 21 may be, for example, a primary battery such as a dry battery or a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, or may be a converter that converts AC power supplied from a commercial power source into DC power and outputs the DC power. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, one end of a resistor R1 is connected to a power source 21, and a capacitor 22 is connected as a power storage means between the other end of the resistor R1 and the ground potential. It is configured. Then, the power of the power source 21 is supplied to the switch means 11 at the voltage Vdd through the resistor R1.

  In the present embodiment, the capacitor 22 is provided as the power storage means. However, the electric charge can be stored by supplying power from the power source 21, and the capacitor 22 can be discharged when the electric member such as the display unit 4 is energized. As will be described later, the capacitor is not limited to a capacitor as long as the capacitance value can be selected so as to obtain a change in energized voltage that can be detected by the defect detection means 14. In addition to various capacitors, for example, a semiconductor element having a capacitance component such as a varicap or FET may be used, or a stray capacitance in a circuit may be used if the capacitance value can be adjusted. .

  The capacitor 22 is shown in FIG. 2, for example, when the power source 21 is a battery and the display unit 4 is used for the display unit 4 to display the remaining amount of the battery. Thus, it is preferably provided between the power supply line from the power source 21 and the ground potential. For example, when the battery is dropped or when the user operates a power switch or the like to cut off the power supply from the battery, even if there is no power supply from the battery, the power stored in the capacitor 22 is displayed. This is because the display of the unit 4 can be changed to a display indicating that there is no power supply from the battery. In the present embodiment, as described later, the disconnection or short-circuit of the display unit 4 is detected based on the change in the energization voltage to the display unit 4 using the charging / discharging of the capacitor 22 due to the provision of the resistor R1. Is done. That is, in the alarm device 1 of the present embodiment, a component (capacitor 22) used for other purposes regardless of disconnection or short-circuit detection of the display unit 4 is also used as a component for detecting a failure of the display unit 4. be able to. As described above, the alarm device 1 according to the present embodiment enables detection of a malfunction of the display unit 4 with a small number of additional parts.

  The detection unit 3 and the failure notification unit 16 are connected to the power source 21 without going through the resistor R1, and are supplied with power at the voltage VBAT. However, the detection unit 3 and the failure notification unit 16 may also be connected to the power source 21 via the resistor R1. By connecting to the power source 21 via the resistor R1, as described above, the electrical members constituting the detection unit 3 and the failure notification means 16 can also be used as the electrical members to be detected by the failure detection means 14. .

As described above, the detection unit 3 mainly includes various sensors that monitor physical phenomena in the monitoring target area around the alarm device 1 and output monitoring data. The various sensors include, for example, various gas sensors that detect carbon monoxide (CO) gas, methane gas (CH ₄ ), or propane gas (C ₃ H ₈ ), a temperature sensor including a thermistor, a humidity sensor, or a smoke sensor, odor It may be a sensor or the like, and the detection unit 3 may be configured by one or a plurality of sensors. The operation of the detection unit 3 may be controlled by the control unit 5, and monitoring data output from the detection unit 3 is sent to the control unit 5, and whether or not the environment around the alarm device 1 is in an abnormal state. It may be configured such that an alarm is issued by an alarm means such as a light emitting diode, a buzzer, or a speaker based on the control of the control unit 5. Since the operation from the monitoring of the surrounding environment by the detection unit 3 composed of various sensors to the alarm of abnormality is the same as that of this type of conventional alarm device, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The control unit 5 preferably has an input signal calculation processing function, a reference value comparison function, a storage function for each input data, calculation result, comparison result, and the like, and is mainly a commercially available microcomputer, ASIC, etc. The semiconductor device may be configured to operate according to a built-in program. In addition to such a microcomputer, the control unit 5 may include a storage element such as an EEPROM, an individual semiconductor element such as a transistor and a diode, and a passive element such as a resistor and a capacitor. In the present embodiment, the control unit 5 includes a display control unit 51 that controls on / off of the switch unit 11 and a regular display operation unit 52 described later. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a defect detection means 14 may be included.

  The display control unit 51 determines the display state of the display unit 4 and controls the on / off of the switch unit 11 to energize the display unit 4 so that the display unit 4 is set to the determined display state. Control. For example, the display control means 51 may be configured to determine the display state of the display unit 4 according to the magnitude of the output voltage VBAT of the power source 21. That is, when the voltage VBAT is larger than a predetermined value, the display unit 4 is set to the first display state. When the voltage VBAT is smaller than the predetermined value, or when the power source 21 is a battery, for example, the battery is set. If not, the second display state may be set. In this case, the display control means 51, the switch means 11, and the display unit 4 can function as detection means such as a voltage drop of the power supply 21 that is lower than a predetermined voltage or a battery dropout when the power supply 21 is a battery. FIG. 1 shows an example in which the display control means 51 constitutes such a detection means. The display control means 51 is a power source of the power source unit 2 that supplies power with the output voltage VBAT of the power source 21. Connected to the supply line.

  In addition, when the display unit 4 is a type of display device that can maintain the display state by de-energization as described above, the display control unit 51 energizes the display unit 4 only when the display state needs to be changed. May be configured. For example, when the display unit 4 is configured to determine the display state of the display unit 4 according to the magnitude of the output voltage VBAT of the power supply 21, when the output voltage VBAT turns below a predetermined threshold voltage, Further, it may be configured that it is determined that the display state needs to be changed when returning to a predetermined threshold value or more, and the display unit 4 is energized only when such determination is made.

  Further, the display control means 51 controls the switch means 11 to perform energization necessary for the malfunction detection operation of the display section 4 by the malfunction detection means 14 regardless of whether or not the display section 4 needs to be changed. May be configured.

  When the display control unit 51 controls the energization of the display unit 4 based on a decrease in the voltage of the power source 21, for example, a reference voltage source for generating a predetermined threshold voltage or a storage element in which a threshold voltage is recorded, the threshold value A comparison circuit that compares the voltage with the voltage of the power supply 21 and an output circuit that outputs a drive signal for the switch means 11 based on the comparison result of the comparison circuit can be used. When a commercially available microcomputer or the like is used for the control unit 5, the display control means 51 may be configured by an element built in the microcomputer or the like. However, the display control means 51 does not have to control the display state of the display unit 4 based on the voltage of the power supply 21. For example, there is no abnormality such as gas leakage or smoke generation that causes an alarm, It may be configured to control the display state of the display unit 4 based on monitoring data from each sensor or the like so that the display unit 4 displays the presence of the sign.

  In the present embodiment, the electrical connection and disconnection between the display unit 4, the power supply unit 2, and the ground potential are switched by the on / off operation of the switch unit 11. The on operation and the off operation of the switch unit 11 are controlled by the drive signal from the display control unit 51 as described above. The switch means 11 is, for example, an open / close element of an electric circuit that has three terminals, of which two terminals are electrically connected and separated by an input signal to the remaining one terminal. The switch means 11 has an insulation resistance that is high enough to connect the two terminals with a resistance value that is low enough to allow the energization of the display unit 4 to be performed appropriately and to stop the energization reliably. The relay is not particularly limited, and an electromagnetic relay or the like may be used. A semiconductor element such as a field effect transistor (FET) or a connection transistor that is small and easy to control is preferably used.

  FIG. 2 shows an example in which four field effect transistors are used for the switch means 11. The first energizing terminal S1 of the display unit 4 is connected to the drains of the P-type transistor Q1 and the N-type transistor Q2, and the second energizing terminal S2 is connected to the drains of the P-type transistor Q3 and the N-type transistor Q4. Has been. The sources of the P-type transistors Q1 and Q3 are connected to a power supply line that supplies power at a voltage Vdd from the battery 21 via the resistor R1. The sources of the N-type transistors Q2 and Q4 are connected to the ground potential. The gates of the transistors Q1 to Q4 are connected to the display control means 51, respectively. As a result, the energization from the power source 21 to the display unit 4 via the transistors Q1 to Q4 can be controlled by the display control means 51. Since the resistors R4 to R7 are connected between the gates and the sources of the transistors Q1 to Q4, the transistors Q1 to Q4 are stably turned off even when the output of the display control means 51 is indefinite (high impedance). Kept in a state.

  In the example shown in FIG. 2, a resistor R2 and a resistor R3 are connected in series between the first energization terminal S1 of the display unit 4 and the ground potential, and a connection point between the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 is connected to the defect detection unit 14. It is connected. Thereby, the voltage of the first energization terminal S1 is less than the allowable input voltage range of the control unit 5 (specifically, in the example of FIG. 2 in which the control unit 5 includes the fault detection unit 14). And is input to the defect detection means 14.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the defect detection means 14 is configured to detect a defect such as a disconnection and / or a short circuit of the display unit 4 based on a change in the voltage of the first energization terminal S1 of the display unit 4. For example, the malfunction of the display unit 4 is detected by comparing a value obtained by dividing the voltage of the first energization terminal S1 by the resistors R2 and R3 with a predetermined threshold at a predetermined timing. Therefore, it is mainly composed of one or a plurality of reference voltage sources for generating a predetermined threshold voltage or a storage element in which a threshold is recorded, a comparison circuit, and a timer circuit for counting time until a predetermined timing. Can do. Therefore, similarly to the display control means 51 described above, it can be constituted by circuit elements built in a microcomputer or the like that can constitute the main part of the control unit 5. For this reason, the malfunction detection means 14 can be included in the control unit 5 as shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the defect detection means 14 is connected to the first energization terminal S1 of the display unit 4, but the switch means 11 and the display unit 4 are connected as shown in FIG. In this case, the second energizing terminal S2 and the defect detecting means 14 may be connected via the resistor R2 instead of the first energizing terminal S1. Regardless of which of the first and second energization terminals S1 and S2 and the malfunction detection means 14 are connected, the malfunction of the display unit 4 can be detected by the same method. The malfunction detection operation of the display unit 4 by the display control means 51, the switch means 11, and the malfunction detection means 14 will be described later.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a failure notification unit 16 is connected to the alarm device 1 of the present embodiment. For example, when the failure detection unit 14 determines that the display unit 4 has a failure, the failure notification unit 16 The means 16 notifies that a problem has occurred. The failure notification means 16 is not particularly limited as long as it can generate sound and light that can be sensed by the user or the like, or can change the appearance. Various lamps and light emitting diodes that can recognize the failure information by the user's vision. It may be a failure display means such as a fire extinguisher device or a display device using liquid crystal or organic EL, and such a display means and a sound generating device such as a buzzer or a speaker are used in combination. May be. Preferably, a light emitting diode with low power consumption is used for the failure display means.

  The external operation means 12 is provided in a part of the casing 91 (see FIG. 3) of the alarm device 1 so that a user or the like can operate the alarm device 1 from the outside, and inputs a predetermined voltage or electric signal, A part of the electric circuit of the control unit 5 is electrically connected to the control unit 5 so as to be grounded. By providing the external operation means 12, the user can cause the alarm device 1 to perform a desired specific operation at a desired timing. The specific configuration of the external operation means 12 is not particularly limited as long as it can function in this manner. For example, the external operation means 12 is a switch such as a push button type or a slide type as shown in FIG. It may be a keyboard with several keys or a touch panel display so that somewhat complicated information can be input.

  Further, the purpose of providing the external operation means 12 is not only for instructing the notification of the malfunction of the display unit 4 as described above, but also for the purpose of instructing the alarm device 1 about other operations. Good. For example, according to the operation of the external operation means 12, it may be configured such that the detection result of the presence / absence of an abnormality other than the display unit 4 is displayed together, or the external operation means 12 is operated. In response to the failure, the failure detection unit 14 may perform a failure detection operation of the display unit 4 and notify each of the results.

  The display unit 4 is mainly configured by a display device whose display state is set by being energized. For example, as with the display unit used for the above-described failure notification unit 16, a fire device such as various lamps and light emitting diodes is used. Or a display device. However, as will be described later, since the failure detection operation of the electrical member according to the present embodiment involves energization and stop of the electrical member, when the display unit 4 is a failure detection target, it is set once by energization. It is preferable that the display state is a type of display that can be maintained even when the energization is stopped. In addition, such a type of display does not need to be energized all the time, so it is normally used in a non-energized state. It is preferable to obtain a configuration.

  As a non-energized display that can be maintained even after the end of energization, the display state once set by energization is exemplified by a display using a magnetic reversal element, and when the display unit 4 is a defect detection target, Such a type of commercially available display may be used. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the display 40 using the magnetic reversal element includes terminals provided on a coil 45 that constitutes an electromagnet 46 together with an iron core 44 (in the example shown in FIG. 9, a set terminal 45 a, a common terminal 45 b, And the disk 41 having the N pole and the S pole according to the polarity of the end of the electromagnet 46 determined by the direction of the current in the coil 45 by flowing a current between any two of the reset terminals 45c). And either one of the front and back surfaces is stopped toward the viewing side (for example, the side opposite to the coil 45 side). The iron core 44 is made of a material having a relatively large residual magnetization, and once the coil 45 is energized and the desired surface of the disk 41 is directed to the viewing side, the state is obtained by magnetic force without requiring energization. Configured to maintain.

  In the display 40 using the magnetic reversal element illustrated in FIG. 9, the disk 41 formed so that the north pole and the south pole of the permanent magnet 41 c are located at both ends as shown in FIG. And an electromagnet 46 around which a coil 45 is wound around the iron core 44. The display member 43 is fixed to the iron core 44 so that both ends of the iron core 44 are positioned so as to sandwich the disk 41. . As for both surfaces of this disk 41, for example, the first surface is orange to be a first display 41a, the second surface is black to be a second display 41b, and for example, the display 40 is connected to the power source 21. When the battery is used for a display such as a battery voltage drop, the black second display 41b indicates that the battery capacity has dropped below the specified value or the battery is detached, and the orange color indicates It can be set to indicate that the capacity of the battery has a sufficient capacity (voltage) equal to or greater than a specified value. The colors of the first and second displays 41a and 41b are not limited to these, and any color may be used.

  When the display unit 4 of the alarm device 1 of this embodiment is configured by the display 40 using such a magnetic reversal element, any two of the set terminal 45a, the common terminal 45b, and the reset terminal 45c are connected to the first energization terminal S1. Or it can control to a desired display state by using as 2nd electricity supply terminal S2. For example, when the set terminal 45a of the coil 45 is connected to the power supply unit 2 (see FIG. 1) as the first energizing terminal S1, and the common terminal 45b is connected to the ground potential as the second energizing terminal S2, via the switch means 11, respectively. A current flows in the direction indicated by the arrow A in FIG. 10, and an N pole and an S pole appear at both ends of the iron core 44 as shown in FIG. Accordingly, the N pole and S pole of the disk 41 rotate so as to be attracted to different magnetic poles of the iron core 44, stop in the state shown in FIG. 10, and the color of the first display 41a changes to the viewer side (shown in FIG. 10). In the example shown, it is exposed to the side opposite to the coil 45 side. Conversely, when the set terminal 45a is connected to the ground potential and the common terminal 45b is connected to the power supply unit 2, a current flows in the direction opposite to the direction indicated by the arrow A in FIG. 10, and the magnetic poles generated in the iron core 44 are also shown in FIG. The N pole and S pole of the disk 41 are attracted to the opposite end of the iron core 44 from the state shown in FIG. 10 to expose the second display 41b of the disk 41 to the display window side. be able to.

  When the display 40 using the magnetic reversal element shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 is used for the display unit 4, the set terminal 45a and the common terminal 45b are used as the first and second energization terminals S1 and S2 as described above. Instead of using, the reset terminal 45c and the common terminal 45b, or the set terminal 45a and the reset terminal 45c may be used as the first and second energization terminals S1 and S2. Regardless of which terminal is used, the display state of the display 40 can be set to either the first display 41a or the second display 41b by changing the polarity of the applied voltage. Further, the common terminal 45b is connected to the ground potential, the set terminal 45a is connected to the power supply unit 2 when displaying the first display 41a, and the reset terminal 45c is connected to the power supply unit 2 when displaying the second display 41b. Thus, the display state can be controlled.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the coil 45 of the display unit 40 shown in FIG. 10 has two coils 451 and 452 arranged side by side, and the iron core 44 has approximately half the number of turns of the coil 45 shown in FIG. It is also possible to have a configuration in which both are wound around and are connected in parallel. With such a parallel connection configuration, the resistance between the terminals 45d and 45e at both ends of the coil of the electromagnet 46 is approximately the resistance between the set terminal 45a or the reset terminal 45c and the common terminal 45b in FIG. The voltage is halved, and approximately half the voltage is sufficient to pass the same current as the entire coil of the electromagnet 46. In this case, the current flowing through each of the coils 451 and 452 is also halved. However, since the two coils 451 and 452 are formed side by side on the iron core 44, the number of turns of the coil in the entire iron core 44 is doubled, and the magnetomotive force is increased. Will be the same. For this reason, the disk 41 can be driven with half the voltage compared to the case where a voltage is applied between the set terminal 45a or reset terminal 45c and the common terminal 45b shown in FIGS. That is, the display state can be controlled with a small voltage despite the fact that the conducting wire is wound around the same size iron core with the same number of turns as a whole. If the voltage required to rotate the disk 41 is higher than the voltage of the power source 21 (for example, battery), it cannot be used without a booster circuit. However, by forming the coils 451 and 452 with the configuration shown in FIG. Even when a lithium ion battery or the like is used as the power source 21, a display that requires a relatively large magnetomotive force, such as a large disk 41 or a large iron core remanent magnetization, is used for the display unit 4 without providing a booster circuit. It is also possible.

  An example of the appearance of the alarm device 1 of the present embodiment having the display unit 4 and the external operation means 12 shown in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. The alarm device 1 is externally provided with a casing 91 that accommodates the respective means and components shown in FIG. 1, and a push button switch 12a is provided as an external operation means 12 at the lower end of the casing 91 in FIG. ing. In addition, a display window 94 is provided in the lower left corner of the housing 91 in FIG. 3 and a display unit disposed behind the display window 94, for example, a display 40 using a magnetic reversal element ( The display member 43 shown in FIG. 9 is exposed.

Further, in FIG. 3, above the push button switch 12a, the light emitting diode 16a as the above-described failure notification means, and the light emitting diodes 18a to 18e as alarm means when the detection unit 3 detects an abnormality in the surrounding environment, It is provided over two rows. For example, the light emitting diode 18a may be an alarm means for detecting CO ₂ exceeding a specified value, the light emitting diode 18b may be for gas leakage, and the light emitting diodes 18c-18e may be a fire alarm. The light-emitting diodes 18c to 18e may be controlled so that only one or all of the light-emitting diodes 18c to 18e are turned on or blinks in order for alerting. In addition, the casing 91 is provided with an opening 92 at the upper right position in FIG. 3, and as one of the alarm means, a ringing sound such as a buzzer or a speaker (not shown) disposed behind the opening 92 is provided in the casing 91. It is emitted from the alarm device 1 without being blocked by 91.

  In addition, a pluggable power switch 93 for the alarm device 1 is provided on the side surface of the housing 91. Although the alarm device 1 is installed with the back side facing the wall or ceiling of the room in FIG. 3, it is preferable that an abnormality can always be detected because of the nature of an alarm device. A power switch 93 is provided on the side surface of the housing 91 that is relatively difficult for the user to reach so as not to be easily stopped. On the other hand, the push button switch 12a, the display window 94, the light emitting diodes 16a, 18a to 18e, and the opening 92 are arranged on the front surface of the casing 91 that is directed toward the center of the room so as to be easily operated or recognized by the user ( 3 is provided on the front). The appearance of the alarm device 1 of the present embodiment, the arrangement of the display window 94 provided according to each component such as the display unit 4 and each light emitting diode are not limited to those illustrated in FIG. You may arrange | position in the arbitrary positions of the housing | casing of the shape.

  Next, regarding the fault detection operation of the electric member of the alarm device 1 of the present embodiment (hereinafter also simply referred to as “detection operation of the present embodiment”), the circuit shown in FIG. Will be described as an example.

  The detection operation of the present embodiment is performed with the energization of the display unit 4. Further, in the detection operation of the present embodiment using the circuit illustrated in FIG. 2, the display unit 4 is connected between two terminals like the display 40 using the magnetic reversal element shown in FIGS. With respect to the direction of the flowing current, when the display device is used in both one direction and the opposite direction, a failure of the display unit 4 is detected as the current flows in any direction. can do. First, current flows from the first energization terminal S1 of the display unit 4 shown in FIG. 2 toward the second energization terminal S2, that is, energization (energization) in which the first energization terminal S1 has a higher potential than the second energization terminal S2. A case where a defect detection operation of the display unit 4 is performed along with A) will be described.

  FIG. 4 shows the gate voltages of transistors Q1 to Q4 (hereinafter, transistors Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 are also simply referred to as Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4, respectively) controlled by the display control means 51 of the present embodiment. 4 is a timing chart showing changes in gate voltages VG1 and VG4 of Q1, Q4 and voltages VS1, VS1a, VS1c of the first energization terminal S1 of the display unit 4. In FIG. 4, V1H (for example, approximately Vdd) and V4L (for example, approximately ground potential) indicate voltages at which Q1 and Q4 are turned off, and V1L and V4H indicate voltages at which Q1 and Q4 are respectively turned on ( V3H and V2L and V3L and V2H in FIG. 6 also indicate voltages having similar meanings with respect to Q3 and Q2, respectively). It should be noted that Q2 and Q3 are not changed from the off state in the failure detection accompanying the energization A, so the description in FIG. 4 is omitted. FIGS. 5A to 5C show the on / off states of Q1 to Q4 in the periods t11 to t13 shown in FIG. 4, and Q1 to Q4 are indicated by using electrical symbols of the switches for easy understanding. Has been.

  First, in a period (t11) before the display unit 4 is energized, the display control means 51 controls the gate voltage of Q1 to be V1H and the gate voltage of Q4 to be V4L. As a result, FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, since all of Q1 to Q4 are turned off, no current flows through the display unit 4. In this state, the voltage at the first energizing terminal S1 is at the same level as the ground potential connected via the resistors R2 and R3 (see FIG. 2), and is approximately 0 volts.

  Next, the display unit 4 is energized for a predetermined period (t12). Specifically, the display control means 51 controls the gate voltage of Q1 to V1L and the gate voltage of Q4 to V4H. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 5B, Q1 and Q4 are turned on, and the first energization terminal S1 of the display unit 4 is electrically connected to the power supply line of the power supply unit 2 that supplies power at the voltage Vdd, The second energizing terminal S2 is connected to the ground potential. As a result, the current i1 flows through a path indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 5B.

  In this embodiment, since the capacitor 22 is connected to the power source 21 via the resistor R1, immediately after Q1 and Q4 are turned on, the current i1 is not supplied from the power source 21, but the capacitor 22 is mainly discharged. It will flow by doing. For this reason, the voltage across the terminals of the capacitor 22, that is, the voltage Vdd, which has been substantially charged up to the output voltage VBAT of the power supply 21, decreases with time. Therefore, the voltage VS1 of the first energization terminal S1 when the display unit 4 is normal rises to near VBAT when Q1 is turned on, and then decreases as shown in FIG. 4 as the voltage Vdd decreases. .

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, after a predetermined period (t12) has elapsed since the start of energization of the display unit 4, the display control means 51 performs Q4 while the gate voltage of Q1 remains V1L. As shown in FIG. 5C, Q1 is turned on and Q4 is turned off as shown in FIG. 5C. That is, while the first energization terminal S1 of the display unit 4 is electrically connected to the power supply unit 2, the electrical connection between the second energization terminal S2 and the ground potential is interrupted, and the display unit 4 is energized. Stop. On the other hand, since the power source 21 and the capacitor 22 are connected via R1, the capacitor 22 that has been discharged while Q4 is on is recharged by the power source 21 when Q4 is turned off. Accordingly, the voltage Vdd increases. Since Q1 is in the on state at this time, the voltage VS1 of the first energization terminal S1 when the display unit 4 is normal is also a period (t13) in which Q1 is on and Q4 is off as shown in FIG. ). Then, after a predetermined period, in the period t14, the gate voltage of Q1 is controlled to be V1H, and all of Q1 to Q4 are again turned off as shown in FIG. 5A, and the first energization terminal S1 is turned on. The voltage is also substantially 0 volts as in the period t11.

  Among the detection operations of the present embodiment, in the detection operation associated with the energization A, a failure of the display unit 4 is detected based on a change in the voltage of the first energization terminal S1 between the period t12 and the period t13 illustrated in FIG. be able to. That is, the voltage of the first energization terminal S1 between the period t12 and the period t13 depends on the impedance of the circuit to which the capacitor 22 is connected. Therefore, there is a problem such as disconnection or short circuit in the energization path to the display unit 4. Since there is a change compared to the normal voltage, a defect can be detected by this change. For example, in the circuit illustrated in FIG. 2, if the energization path of the display unit 4 is disconnected, the capacitor 22 is not discharged regardless of the on / off states of Q1 to Q4, so that the voltage Vdd is also substantially the same as the voltage VBAT of the power supply 21. The voltage of the first energization terminal S1 during the periods t12 and t13 remains substantially the same voltage as VBAT.

  On the other hand, when the energization path of the display unit 4 is short, that is, when the first and second energization terminals S1 and S2 are short-circuited, when Q1 and Q4 are turned on, both ends of the capacitor 22 are short-circuited. Immediately after Q1 and Q4 are turned on, the capacitor 22 is discharged at once, and the voltage Vdd and the voltage of the first energization terminal S1 are also substantially 0 volts. Thereafter, when Q4 is turned off in the period t13, even if the first and second energization terminals S1 and S2 are short-circuited, the connection with the ground potential is cut off, so that the capacitor 22 starts to be charged. For this reason, the voltage VS1a of the first energization terminal S1 when the energization path of the display unit 4 is short-circuited starts to rise from approximately 0 volts as shown in FIG. In short, the voltage at the first energization terminal S1 changes differently from that in the normal state in both cases of disconnection and short circuit. Therefore, the disconnection of the display unit 4 is made by comparing the voltage of the first energization terminal S1 at a predetermined point in time t12 and the period t13 in which at least Q1 is in the on state with the threshold voltage set in advance as a defect detection reference. And shorts can be detected. Further, the amount of change in voltage during a predetermined period after Q1 and Q4 are turned on, not the voltage of the first energization terminal S1 at a specific time point, is compared with a predetermined threshold value, so that the display unit 4 A defect may be detected.

  Next, current flows from the second energization terminal S2 of the display unit 4 shown in FIG. 2 toward the first energization terminal S1, that is, energization in which the second energization terminal S2 has a higher potential than the first energization terminal S1 ( The case where the malfunction detection of the display part 4 is performed with electricity supply B) is demonstrated. In the energization B, unlike the energization A described above, the display unit 4 is energized by turning on the transistors Q2 and Q3.

  FIG. 6 shows changes in the gate voltages VG2 and VG3 of Q2 and Q3 and the voltages VS1, VS1b, and VS1d of the first energization terminal S1 of the display unit 4, similarly to the gate voltages of Q1 and Q4 in FIG. It is a timing chart which shows. In the failure detection associated with the energization B, since Q1 and Q4 do not change from the off state, the description in FIG. 6 is omitted. 7A and 7B show the on / off states of Q1 to Q4 in the periods t22 and t23 shown in FIG. 6, respectively, in the same manner as in FIGS. 5A to 5C.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in the period t21, as in the period t11 in FIG. 4 described above, all of Q1 to Q4 are in the off state, no current flows through the display unit 4, and the first energization terminal S1 The voltage is approximately 0 volts.

  Next, the display unit 4 is energized for a predetermined period (t22). Specifically, the display control means 51 controls the gate voltage of Q3 to V3L and the gate voltage of Q2 to V2H. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 7A, Q3 and Q2 are turned on, and the second energization terminal S2 of the display unit 4 is electrically connected to the power supply line of the voltage Vdd of the power supply unit 2, while the first energization terminal S1 is connected to the ground potential. As a result, a current i2 flows through a path indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 7A.

  In the energization B, unlike the energization A described above, the first energization terminal S1 is connected to the ground potential. Therefore, the voltage is 0 volt in the period t22, which is substantially the same as that in the period t21. After that, similarly to Q4 of the energization A described above, the display control means 51 controls so that only the gate voltage of Q2 becomes V2L again. As shown in FIG. 7B, Q3 remains on and Q2 is off. become. That is, while the second energization terminal S2 of the display unit 4 is electrically connected to the power supply unit 2, the electrical connection between the first energization terminal S1 and the ground potential is interrupted, and the display unit 4 is energized. Stop. Accordingly, the voltage at the first energization terminal S1 becomes substantially the same voltage as the second energization terminal S2, although there is a slight voltage drop in the display unit 4 due to the current flowing through the resistors R2 and R3 (see FIG. 2). . And since the 2nd electricity supply terminal S2 at this time is in the same condition as the 1st electricity supply terminal S1 in the period t13 in the malfunction detection accompanying the electricity supply A, the voltage of the 1st electricity supply terminal S1 when the display part 4 is normal As shown in FIG. 6, VS1 rises rapidly as Q2 is turned off, and thereafter, similarly to the voltage at the first energization terminal S1 in the period t13 shown in FIG. 4, the period after Q2 is turned off. During (t23), it rises as the capacitor 22 is charged.

  On the other hand, even if the energization path of the display unit 4 is disconnected or short-circuited, in the period t22, since Q2 is on, the voltage is approximately 0 volts as in the normal state. Therefore, in a state where both Q2 and Q3 are on, even when the first energization terminal S1 is monitored, it is not possible to distinguish between normal operation, disconnection, and short circuit. However, in this embodiment, after the period t22, only Q2 is turned off while Q3 remains on. Then, unlike the normal time in which the capacitor 22 is kept charged to some extent during the period t22, the capacitor 22 is almost completely discharged during the period t22 when the display unit 4 is short-circuited. Therefore, the voltage VS1b of the first energization terminal S1 when the display unit 4 is short-circuited rises from approximately 0 volts as the capacitor 22 is charged, as shown in FIG. In addition, when the display unit 4 is disconnected, the first energization terminal S1 is not electrically connected to the second energization terminal S2 side. Will remain. That is, in the period t23 after Q2 is turned off, the voltage of the first energizing terminal S1 when the display unit 4 is normal is different from both the voltage at the time of disconnection and the short circuit. Accordingly, also in the energization B, by comparing the voltage of the first energization terminal S1 at a predetermined time point during the period t23 after Q2 is turned off while Q3 is on, by comparing a preset threshold voltage, A disconnection and a short circuit of the display unit 4 can be detected.

  In the above description, the detection operation of the present embodiment has been described with an example in which the voltage of the first energization terminal S1 is monitored as shown in FIG. 2, but the second energization terminal S2 has a problem via the resistor R2. Even when the failure detection is performed based on the change in the voltage of the second energization terminal S2 connected to the detection means 14, the situation in the energization A and the energization B is only reversed. The disconnection and short circuit of the display unit 4 can be detected.

  In short, in the present embodiment, one of the two energization terminals of the display unit 4 is electrically connected to the power supply unit 2 and the other is electrically connected to the ground potential, and after the energization to the display unit 4 is performed, The display control means 51 is configured to cut off the connection between the other energization terminal and the ground potential while the other energization terminal is connected to the power supply unit 2. Then, the malfunction detection means 14 is configured to detect a disconnection and a short circuit of the display unit 4 by comparing the voltage of one or the other energization terminal in this state with a predetermined threshold voltage. Thus, both the disconnection and the short circuit of the display unit 4 can be detected based on the voltage of only one energization terminal, regardless of the detection operation associated with either energization A or energization B.

  The length of the energization period (for example, period t12 in FIG. 4 and period t22 in FIG. 6) in the detection operation of the present embodiment, and after the energization period ends, the first and second energization terminals S1 and S2 The length of the period (for example, the period t13 in FIG. 4 and the period t23 in FIG. 6) until the electrical connection between any one of the power source unit 2 and the power source unit 2 is interrupted is the first and second energization terminals S1, It may be appropriately set according to the specific change tendency of the voltage of S2. In other words, the energization of the electric member (display unit 4) that is a defect detection target so that the defect of the display unit 4 can be detected based on the change in voltage of the first and second energization terminals S1 and S2 during these periods. The capacitance value of the capacitor 22 and the resistance value of the resistor R1 are selected according to the resistance value of the path, the resistance value of the switch means 11, and the like. In addition, the timing at which one of the voltages at the first and second energization terminals S1 and S2 is compared with a predetermined threshold voltage, that is, the timing at which the disconnection and short-circuit detection operations of the display unit 4 are actually performed, It may be determined appropriately according to the change in the voltage of the terminal. However, the voltage of one of the current-carrying terminals is compared with the threshold voltage in a state in which one of the current-carrying terminals is connected to the power supply unit 2 and the electrical connection between the other current-carrying terminal and the ground potential is interrupted. In this case, it is preferable that the comparison is made immediately after the connection between the other energizing terminal and the ground potential is cut off, because the influence of the subsequent variation in the charging speed of the capacitor 22 is reduced.

  Note that each of the two energization terminals of the display unit 4 is connected to the failure detection means 14 via the resistor R2 or the like. For example, in the energization A described above, the energization B is based on the voltage of the first energization terminal S1. Then, if the defect detection means 14 is configured to detect the defect based on the voltage of the second energization terminal S2, the display unit 4 is energized, that is, even during the period t12 in FIG. 4 or the period t22 in FIG. Both disconnection and short-circuit of the display unit 4 can be detected. However, two sets of resistors R2 and R3 are necessary, and the current flowing through these resistors when the display unit 4 is energized increases to increase power consumption, and the circuit configuration in the defect detection means 14 becomes complicated. As illustrated in FIG. 2, a configuration in which failure detection is performed based only on the voltage of one energization terminal is preferable.

  Further, if the malfunction detection operation is performed in a state where any of the energization terminals of the display unit 4 and the power supply unit 2 are connected, the source of the transistors Q1 and Q3 is not the resistance of any of the energization terminals of the display unit 4. It is also possible to connect to the failure detection means 14 via R2 and perform a failure detection based on this source voltage. However, with this connection, current always flows through the resistors R2 and R3 even when the display unit 4 is not energized, resulting in an increase in current consumption. Therefore, as shown in FIG. It is preferable that the drain side, that is, the display unit 4 side, and the defect detection means 14 are connected.

  The threshold voltage serving as a reference for detecting disconnection and short-circuit of the display unit 4 is set according to a specific change in the energization voltage to the display unit 4. For example, when the detection operation is performed along with the energization A described above, in the periods t12 and t13 in FIG. 4, as described above, the voltage VS1 of the first energization terminal S1 when the display unit 4 is normal is It changes as shown in FIG. On the other hand, as described above, the voltage VS1a of the first energization terminal S1 when the display unit 4 is short-circuited changes as shown in FIG. 4, and when the display unit 4 is disconnected, the first energization is performed. The terminal voltage is approximately the same voltage as VBAT. Therefore, for example, the threshold voltages Vth1 and Vth2 whose relative magnitudes are illustrated in FIG. 4 are set in the malfunction detection means 14, and at some point in the periods t12 and t13 or throughout these periods, The failure detection means 14 is configured to detect disconnection of the display unit 4 when the voltage at the one energizing terminal S1 is higher than the threshold voltage Vth2, and to detect a short circuit of the display unit 4 when lower than the threshold voltage Vth1. Also good.

  Further, when the detection operation is performed along with the energization B described above, the voltage of the first energization terminal S1 when the display unit 4 is normal in the period t23 in FIG. VS1 changes as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the voltage VS1b of the first energization terminal S1 when the display unit 4 is short-circuited changes as shown in FIG. 6, and is approximately 0 volts when the display unit 4 is disconnected. Therefore, for example, the threshold voltage Vth4 whose relative magnitude is illustrated in FIG. 6 is set in the malfunction detection means 14, and at some point in the period t23 or throughout these periods, the first energization terminal S1. The malfunction detection means 14 may be configured to detect a disconnection or a short circuit of the display unit 4 when the voltage is lower than the threshold voltage Vth4. As shown in FIG. 6, a threshold voltage Vth5 larger than the voltage VS1 of the first energization terminal S1 when the display unit 4 is normal may be provided as necessary. If there is a situation in which either disconnection or short circuit can hardly occur, either the upper limit or the lower limit threshold voltage may be set for either energization A or energization B.

  In addition, although the example of the threshold voltage with which the voltage of 1st electricity supply terminal S1 is compared was demonstrated here, it is the same also about the threshold voltage in case the voltage of 2nd electricity supply terminal S2 is used for the malfunction detection of the display part 4. FIG. is there. In this case, the description regarding the detection operation associated with the energization A when the voltage of the first energization terminal S1 is used for failure detection applies to the detection operation associated with the energization B, and similarly, the voltage of the first energization terminal S1. The description regarding the detection operation associated with the energization B in the case where is used for defect detection applies to the detection operation associated with the energization A.

  As described above, the threshold voltage serving as a defect detection reference may be changed between the case where the failure detection operation of the display unit 4 is performed along with the energization A and the case where the detection operation is performed along with the energization B. In other words, when the detection operation is performed in accordance with either the energization A or the energization B, the failure detection operation is performed based on the voltage of the first energization terminal S1, and the failure is based on the voltage of the second energization terminal S2. The threshold voltage may be changed depending on the detection operation. For example, as described above, the threshold voltage may be different depending on whether the detection operation is associated with the energization A or the energization B for the detection of the disconnection. Also, the lower threshold voltage Vth1 and threshold voltage Vth4 shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, respectively, are set to different magnitudes depending on the voltage drop at the display unit 4 as described above. preferable. Therefore, the malfunction detection means 14 has a storage element capable of recording a plurality of threshold voltages or a reference voltage source capable of generating a plurality of threshold voltages, and is configured so that an appropriate one can be selected from the plurality of threshold voltages. It is preferable.

  In addition, the defect detection means 14 provides information on the energization direction to the display unit 4 so that the threshold voltage can be appropriately selected depending on which direction the energization A or B is energized. It is preferable that the display control unit 51 can obtain the information. Needless to say, at the start and end of energization of the display unit 4, the display control unit 51 is configured to transmit the energization start and end information to the failure display control unit 14.

  Further, in the failure detection means 14, for example, not only the so-called lower limit and upper limit threshold voltages but also one or a plurality of threshold voltages are set as failure detection standards, such as Vth1 and Vth2 shown in FIG. It's okay. For example, when the display device 40 illustrated in FIG. 11 is used in the display unit 4, threshold voltages Vth3 and Vth6 may be set as shown in FIGS. In the display unit 40 illustrated in FIG. 11, an energization path through which current flows when energized, that is, a coil 451 and a coil 452 are connected in parallel. When the energization paths are connected in parallel as described above, only one of them may be disconnected first. Even if only one of them is disconnected, the display function may be maintained, but if one of them is disconnected, the life of the other is often exhausted, so that it can be dealt with early, such as replacement, It is preferable that even if only one of them is disconnected, it can be detected. However, it may not be detected only with the threshold voltage (for example, the threshold voltage Vth2 in FIG. 4) set on the assumption of complete disconnection detection.

  However, in the detection method of the present embodiment, if only one of the energization paths connected in parallel is disconnected, for example, when the above-described energization A is performed as the resistance of the energization path increases, As indicated by a symbol VS1c in FIG. 4, the voltage of the first energization terminal S1 gradually decreases as compared to the voltage VS1 when the display unit 4 is normal during energization of the display unit 4 (period t12). By utilizing this difference, even when only one of the energization paths connected in parallel is disconnected, this can be detected.

  That is, when the display unit 4 is normal, at least a voltage that can be reached by the first energization terminal S1 during energization of the display unit 4 and only one of the energization paths of the display units 4 connected in parallel is disconnected. In addition to the threshold voltages Vth1 and Vth2, a threshold voltage Vth3 that is smaller than the lowest voltage that is reached when the fault detection means 14 is set. And the malfunction detection means 14 compares the voltage of 1st electricity supply terminal S1 with each threshold voltage at the timing when the voltage of 1st electricity supply terminal S1 becomes below threshold voltage Vth3 when the display part 4 is normal. By being configured to perform, it is possible to detect disconnection of only one of the energization paths connected in parallel. The defect detection means 14 of this embodiment may be configured in this way.

  Further, when the above-described energization B is performed, the voltage VS1d of the first energization terminal S1 when only one of the energization paths connected in parallel of the display unit 4 is disconnected is the period t23 as shown in FIG. , The display unit 4 shifts to a larger side than the voltage VS1 when the display unit 4 is normal. Accordingly, in the energization B, as in the case of the energization A described above, at least the voltage that can be reached by the first energization terminal S1 when the display unit 4 is normal and only one of the energization paths of the display unit 4 is present. The threshold voltage Vth6 smaller than the lowest voltage reached when the wire is disconnected is set in the defect detection means 14, and the voltage at the first energization terminal S1 becomes equal to or lower than the threshold voltage Vth6 when the display unit 4 is normal. The failure detection means 14 may be configured to compare the voltage of the first energization terminal S1 with each threshold voltage. With this configuration, when the energization paths of the display unit 4 are connected in parallel, it is possible to detect even one of the disconnections. Even when three or more energization paths are connected in parallel, it is possible to detect one or more disconnections of all the energization paths instead of complete disconnection by appropriately providing a threshold voltage. May also be possible.

  The detection operation of the present embodiment is performed with the energization of the display unit 4. The energization of the display unit 4 may be performed for detection of a malfunction of the display unit 4, but accompanying the energization of the display unit 4 performed for other purposes, The defect detection means 14 may be configured to perform a defect detection operation. By performing the detection operation along with energization performed for other purposes, it is possible to save the power consumed by energizing the display unit 4 necessary for detecting a failure. For example, as described above, the display unit 4 is a non-energized display, and the display control unit 51 determines that the display state of the display unit 4 needs to be changed, and the display unit 4 displays based on the determination. A malfunction detection operation may be performed along with energization performed to change the state.

  Further, for example, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the display unit 4 is a non-energized display using a magnetic reversal element, and energization of the display unit 4 based on the control of the display control unit 51 is performed. In the case where the change is made only when it is determined that the display state of the display unit 4 needs to be changed, the display unit 4 is accompanied by energization performed as a countermeasure against the fact that the display state of the display unit 4 can be changed unintentionally. The malfunction detection operation may be performed. That is, when the display unit 4 is a non-energized display using a magnetic reversal element, the battery is temporarily displayed in a normal display state (for example, when the display unit 4 is a battery remaining amount display of the power supply unit 2). When the remaining amount of battery is less than the specified value, it is displayed in the correct display state), and while it is not energized, it is displayed on the display unit 4 such as a fixing magnet such as a memo or a magnetic ornament. Due to the approach, the display state may be changed from the normal display state. In order to prevent such an erroneous display state from continuing for a long time, the alarm device 1 of the present embodiment may be provided with a regular display operation means 52 as shown in FIG.

  In addition to the control of energization of the display unit 4 by the display control unit 51, the regular display operation unit 52 is periodically set so that the display unit 4 should be in a state that should be displayed at that time, that is, a regular display state. The energization to the display unit 4 is controlled. For example, when the display unit 4 displays whether or not the voltage of the power supply unit 2 is equal to or higher than a specified value, the voltage of the power supply unit 2 is periodically checked, and the display state of the display unit 4 at that time is Regardless of how it is configured, the switch unit 11 is controlled to energize the display unit 4 so that the display unit 4 is in a normal display state according to the voltage of the power supply unit 2 at that time. Is done. The regular regular display operation by the regular display operation means 52 may be performed every arbitrary time, for example, every 30 minutes, every hour, or at intervals of more. Also good. The detection operation of the present embodiment may be periodically performed at predetermined time intervals (first set time) in accordance with part or all of the energization by the regular display operation unit 52.

  Further, regular regular display operation by the regular display operation means 52 is not provided for each set time, but a plurality of set times are provided, and regular display operation is performed periodically for each set time. Good. For example, instead of or in addition to the regular display operation for each set time (first set time) in the standard mode, the regular display operation means is configured to perform the regular display operation for each set time that can be said to be the special mode. May be. For example, when the alarm device 1 is installed or when the external operation means 12 is operated, there is a high possibility that a magnet, a magnetic ornament, etc. will be approached. In the meantime, instead of or in addition to the standard mode setting time, for example, it is preferable that the regular display operation is periodically performed with a special mode setting time shorter than the standard mode setting time. Then, during the predetermined time, the malfunction of the display unit 4 is detected as the display unit 4 is energized by the normal display operation performed every special mode set time (second set time). The detection means 14 may be configured.

  The regular display operation means 52 can be constituted by elements incorporated in the microcomputer or the like when a commercially available microcomputer or the like is used for the control unit 5, similarly to the display control means 51. A part or the whole may be constituted by the same elements as those constituting 51.

  Further, the detection operation of the present embodiment may be performed when the external operation means 12 is operated. That is, the display control means 51 is configured to newly energize the display unit 4 in accordance with the operation of the external operation means 12, and the defect detection means 14 is configured to perform a detection operation along with this energization. Also good.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the alarm device 1 according to the present embodiment is provided with a failure notification unit 16, and when it is determined that the display unit 4 is defective, the failure notification unit 16 notifies the failure. Good. As described above, the failure notification means 16 may be a failure display means such as a light emitting diode that notifies the user so as to be visually recognized, and such a display means and a sound generation device such as a buzzer or a speaker. And may be used in combination. For example, when the malfunction of the display unit 4 is notified, as shown in FIG. 12A, the light emitting diode 16a provided as the failure notification means may be lit or blinked. In addition, a buzzer or a speaker (not shown) disposed behind the opening 92 may ring and these sounds may be emitted from the opening 92.

  In the above description, the alarm device 1 of the present embodiment including the display unit 4 that can be energized in either direction of the two energization terminals has been described with reference mainly to the circuit shown in FIG. The vessel may include a display that is energized in only one direction, in which case the display 4 may be connected as shown in FIG. FIG. 8 shows a peripheral circuit of the display unit 4a in which only the energization current flows from the first energization terminal S1 to the second energization terminal S2, and the first energization terminal S1 is shown in FIG. Like the circuit to be connected, it is connected to the power supply unit 2 through the transistor Q1, but is not connected to the ground potential. The second energization terminal S2 is directly connected to the ground potential without passing through the switch means 11 (see FIG. 1). Note that the circuit shown in FIG. 8 is the same as the circuit shown in FIG. 2 except that the transistors Q2 to Q4 are not present, so the description of the same components and the reference numerals in FIG. 8 are omitted.

  In the alarm device of the other embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the display unit 4 is shown in FIG. 2 because only the energization in which the current flows from the first energization terminal S1 to the second energization terminal S2, that is, the energization A described above. The transistors Q2 and Q3 are not necessary, and display is made by configuring the defect detection means 14 to compare the voltage of the first energization terminal S1 with a predetermined threshold voltage during the period t12 shown in FIG. Since both disconnection and short-circuit of the portion 4 can be detected, it is not necessary to cut off the connection between the second energization terminal S2 and the ground potential, so that the transistor Q4 shown in FIG. 2 is also unnecessary.

  Moreover, in the alarm device of one embodiment and the alarm device of other embodiments, the display window 94 is provided not only on the front surface as shown in FIG. 3 but also on the side surface so that the display unit 4 can be seen from any direction. The display unit 4 may be configured by a plurality of displays, and the defect detection means 14 may be applied to each display. In this case, when a plurality of displays are connected in parallel, it is configured to detect that one of the displays is defective based only on the voltage of the energization terminal of any one display. It's okay. Alternatively, when each display is driven independently, a defect detection means 14 may be provided for each display, or only one defect detection means 14 is provided for connection to each display. The failure detection means 14 may be configured so that a failure can be detected for each display by adopting a structure that can be switched.

  As described above, according to the present invention, since the power storage means is discharged when the electric member is energized, if there is a problem such as a disconnection or a short circuit in the electric member, the electric member of the electric member is normal along with the discharge. A change in voltage different from the time can be obtained. Then, the failure of the electric member can be detected by comparing this voltage with a failure detection means, for example, with a predetermined threshold voltage or the like. The power storage means that discharges when energized can be simply configured with a capacitor and a resistor, for example, and the capacitor can be provided for other purposes in the power supply unit, and further, the defect detection means Since it can be realized by functions such as a microcomputer that controls the alarm operation of the alarm device, there are few additional parts, it has a simple structure, and a simple method is used to detect problems such as disconnection or short-circuiting of electrical components. Can do. Therefore, it becomes easy to check electric members such as alarm members and indicators regularly and frequently when there is a suspicion of malfunction. As a result, the failure of the electric member is not noticed and left unattended, and can be detected at an early stage, thereby preventing a situation in which normal operation cannot be obtained when it should be operated. Further, by using the voltage of the energization terminal in a state where one end of the energization path is connected to the power supply unit and the other end is opened after energization of the electric member, 1 can be used regardless of the direction of the current in the energization path. Both the disconnection and the short circuit of the electric member can be detected only by the voltage of one energizing terminal, and the malfunction of the electric member can be detected with a simpler circuit structure. Furthermore, when the energization path of the electric member is a coil constituting an electromagnet, a threshold voltage is appropriately provided even if only one of the energization paths connected in parallel is disconnected so that a large magnetomotive force can be obtained at a low voltage. Thus, such disconnection can be detected, and appropriate measures such as replacement can be taken before the electric member having such an electromagnet completely stops functioning.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Alarm 2 Power supply part 3 Detection part 4, 4a Display part 5 Control part 51 Display control means 52 Regular display operation means 11 Switch means 12 External operation means 14 Defect detection means 16 Failure notification means 21 Power supply 22 Power storage means (capacitor)
40 Display 41 using magnetic reversal element 41 Disk 43 Display member 45 Coil 45a Set terminal 45b Common terminal 45c Reset terminal 46 Electromagnet S1 First energizing terminal S2 Second energizing terminal

Claims (6)

A power supply unit including a power supply that supplies power at a predetermined voltage, and an alarm device that is driven by energization from the power supply unit and includes a detection unit that detects an abnormality in the monitoring area,
An electrical member having at least two energization terminals, and performing a predetermined operation by energization of the energization terminal from the power supply unit;
Power storage means configured to store electric power of the power source and to discharge when energized to the electrical member;
A control unit that controls switching between electrical connection and disconnection between the energization terminal and the power supply unit or the ground potential;
Fault detecting means configured to detect a fault of the electrical member, and
The electrical member has first and second energization terminals;
The control unit is configured to control electrical connection and disconnection between each of the first and second energization terminals and each of the power supply unit and the ground potential,
The failure detection means is configured to detect a failure of the electrical member based on a change in energization voltage to the electrical member due to discharge of the power storage means, and a predetermined time from the start of energization to the electrical member. The alarm device comprised so that the malfunction of the said electrical member might be detected based on the voltage of the said 1st electricity supply terminal and / or the said 2nd electricity supply terminal after progress . In a state in which the control unit is electrically connected to the power source unit and one of the first and second energization terminals after a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of energization of the electrical member. The switching control is performed so that the electrical connection between the other of the two energization terminals and the ground potential is interrupted, and the failure detection means immediately after the switching control, the first and second energization terminals The alarm device according to claim 1 , wherein the alarm device is configured to perform a detection operation in which both disconnection and short circuit of the electric member can be detected based on the voltage of only one or the other. When the malfunction detection means performs the detection operation based on the one voltage of the first and second energization terminals, and the detection operation based on the other voltage of the first and second energization terminals. The alarm device according to claim 2 , wherein the detection reference is configured to be different depending on whether the detection is performed. A power supply unit including a power supply that supplies power at a predetermined voltage, and an alarm device that is driven by energization from the power supply unit and includes a detection unit that detects an abnormality in the monitoring area,
An electrical member having at least two energization terminals, and performing a predetermined operation by energization of the energization terminal from the power supply unit;
Power storage means configured to store electric power of the power source and to discharge when energized to the electrical member;
A control unit that controls switching between electrical connection and disconnection between the energization terminal and the power supply unit or the ground potential;
Fault detecting means configured to detect a fault of the electrical member, and
The failure detection means is configured to detect a failure of the electrical member based on a change in energization voltage to the electrical member due to discharge of the power storage means,
The electrical member has a plurality of parallel-connected energization paths through which current flows by energization from the power supply unit,
At least two detection criteria, which are satisfied when all of the plurality of energization paths of the electric member are disconnected, and a detection criterion which is satisfied only when at least one of the plurality of energization paths is disconnected in the failure detection means. alarm device ing provided with disconnection detection criteria. A power supply unit including a power supply that supplies power at a predetermined voltage, and an alarm device that is driven by energization from the power supply unit and includes a detection unit that detects an abnormality in the monitoring area,
An electrical member having at least two energization terminals, and performing a predetermined operation by energization of the energization terminal from the power supply unit;
Power storage means configured to store electric power of the power source and to discharge when energized to the electrical member;
A control unit that controls switching between electrical connection and disconnection between the energization terminal and the power supply unit or the ground potential;
A failure detection means configured to detect a failure of the electrical member;
It possesses an external operating means capable of operating from the outside, the,
The failure detection means is configured to detect a failure of the electrical member based on a change in energization voltage to the electrical member due to discharge of the power storage means, and the electrical member at every predetermined first set time. The failure detection operation of the electric member is performed every second set time shorter than the first set time during the predetermined time from the installation of the alarm device and / or the operation of the external operation means. It is configured to perform the detection operation, alarm. A power supply unit including a power supply that supplies power at a predetermined voltage, and an alarm device that is driven by energization from the power supply unit and includes a detection unit that detects an abnormality in the monitoring area,
An electrical member having at least two energization terminals, and performing a predetermined operation by energization of the energization terminal from the power supply unit;
Power storage means configured to store electric power of the power source and to discharge when energized to the electrical member;
A control unit that controls switching between electrical connection and disconnection between the energization terminal and the power supply unit or the ground potential;
Fault detecting means configured to detect a fault of the electrical member, and
The failure detection means is configured to detect a failure of the electrical member based on a change in energization voltage to the electrical member due to discharge of the power storage means,
An alarm device , wherein the electrical member is a display device configured such that a display state is set by energization from the power supply unit and the display state can be maintained even after the energization is stopped.

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