JP6569150B2 - Metalworking oil composition - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a metalworking oil composition.

As metalworking oil compositions, mineral oils or synthetic oils as base oils and various additives added thereto are widely used. In addition, the metal working oil composition is required to have not only processing performance and wear resistance but also a high flash point. For example, the base oil contains an ester oil, a hydrocarbon oil, and an extreme pressure agent of 0.005 to 20% by mass based on the total amount of the composition, and the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is 37 mm ² / s or less, And the metalworking oil composition which made the flash point 250 degreeC or more is proposed (patent document 1).

JP 2008-163115 A

On the other hand, in the metal processing field, there is a processing field in which higher speed is being promoted to improve productivity, such as cutting.
However, although the metalworking oil composition described in Patent Document 1 has a high flash point, a large amount of oily smoke is generated when the cutting process is speeded up.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the metalworking oil composition which can suppress generation | occurrence | production of oil smoke while being high in processing performance and excellent in abrasion resistance.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a metalworking oil composition as shown below.
(1) (A) Polyhydric alcohol and fatty acid ester, and (B) simple substance sulfur are blended, the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is 5 mm ² / s to 70 mm ² / s, and the flash point is 200 ° C. The metalworking oil composition characterized by being the above.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a metalworking oil composition having high processing performance and excellent wear resistance and capable of suppressing generation of oil smoke. Therefore, the metalworking oil composition of the present invention can be suitably used particularly in the field of high-speed cutting.

The metalworking oil composition of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as “the present composition”) comprises (A) a polyhydric alcohol and an ester of a fatty acid, and (B) simple sulfur, and has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. 5 mm ² / s or more and 70 mm ² / s or less, and a flash point is 200 ° C. or more.
Hereinafter, the composition will be described in detail.

[Component (A)]
(A) component in this composition is ester of a polyhydric alcohol and a fatty acid.
Here, the polyhydric alcohol is preferably a divalent to 10-valent alcohol, more preferably a divalent to 6-valent alcohol, and even more preferably a divalent to 5-valent alcohol. Examples of such polyhydric alcohols include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, butylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, glycerin, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, and sorbitol. Two or more of these polyhydric alcohols may be mixed and used.
Among these polyhydric alcohols, it is preferable to use at least one of trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, neopentyl glycol, and glycerin from the viewpoint of thermal stability and oxidation resistance stability.

(A) Although it does not specifically limit as a fatty acid which comprises a component, A C6-C26 fatty acid is preferable. Examples of such fatty acids include heptadecanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonadecanoic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, isostearic acid, elaidic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid. Among these fatty acids, those having 8 to 18 carbon atoms are more preferably used.
If the fatty acid has 6 or more carbon atoms, the flash point of the composition does not decrease. If the carbon number is 26 or less, the viscosity of the composition does not increase and the composition adheres to the workpiece and is removed. The amount produced is small and economical.

The fatty acid ester of the polyhydric alcohol as the component (A) is obtained by a dehydration reaction between the polyhydric alcohol and the fatty acid. However, the transesterification method may be used without being limited to the dehydration reaction between the polyhydric alcohol and the fatty acid. .
The 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity of the component (A) is preferably 4 mm ² / s or more and 69 mm ² / s or less, more preferably 8 mm ² / s or more and 60 mm ² / s or less, and 12 mm ² / s or more and 50 mm or less. More preferably, it is ² / s or less. When the 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity of the component (A) is 4 mm ² / s or more, the lubricity can be sufficiently maintained during metal processing, the flash point can be controlled high, and the generation of oil smoke and mist can also be suppressed. . When the 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity of the component (A) is 69 mm ² / s or less, the consumption (loss amount) of the present composition during processing can be reduced.
(A) The compounding quantity of a component is 10 mass% or more on the basis of this composition whole quantity basis, 40 mass% or more is preferable, and it is more preferable that it is 80 mass% or more. When the blending amount of the component (A) is equal to or more than the above lower limit value, the friction coefficient of the composition is lowered and the processability can be sufficiently secured.
Here, the flash point of the component (A) is preferably 200 ° C. or higher, and more preferably 250 ° C. or higher. By setting the flash point of the component (A) to 200 ° C. or higher, it becomes easy to set the flash point of the composition to 200 ° C. or higher.

[(B) component]
The component (B) in the present composition is elemental sulfur. By blending simple sulfur, the workability can be improved without lowering the oil flash point (without increasing the amount of generated oil smoke). Here, the improvement of workability means suppression of tool wear, improvement of machining accuracy, reduction of cutting resistance in the case of cutting, and the like.
As the elemental sulfur, any form such as lump, powder, and molten liquid may be used. Powdered so-called powdered sulfur is preferable because it is excellent in handling properties and can be efficiently dissolved in the component (A).
Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the compounding quantity of (B) component in this composition, It is preferable that it is 0.05 mass% or more and 1 mass% or less on the basis of the composition whole quantity, and 0.1 mass% or more and 0.7 mass%. Or less, more preferably 0.15% by mass or more and 0.6% by mass or less, and most preferably 0.2% by mass or more and 0.5% by mass or less.
(B) When the compounding quantity of component is 0.05 mass% or more, while being able to fully reduce a friction coefficient, abrasion resistance is also improved and generation | occurrence | production of oil smoke can be suppressed effectively. Moreover, generation | occurrence | production of oil smoke can fully be suppressed, ensuring the solubility to (A) component as the compounding quantity of (B) component is 1 mass% or less.

[This composition]
This composition has the above-described components (A) and (B) as essential components, and has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 5 mm ² / s or more and 70 mm ² / s or less with high processing performance and high speed processing. The generation of oil smoke can be sufficiently suppressed. In particular, the effect of the present composition is more exhibited during high-speed cutting at 100 m / min or more where oily smoke is likely to occur.
When the 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity of the composition is 5 mm ² / s or more, it is excellent in processability, can suppress the generation of mist, and can control the flash point sufficiently high. Moreover, the consumption (loss amount) of this composition at the time of a process can be decreased as 40 degreeC kinematic viscosity of this composition is 70 mm < ² > / s or less. Therefore, the 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity of the composition is preferably 10 mm ² / s or more and 60 mm ² / s or less, and more preferably 15 mm ² / s or more and 50 mm ² / s or less.

Further, when the flash point of the composition is 200 ° C. or higher, there is little risk of ignition during processing. Therefore, for example, in a factory, facilities corresponding to the Fire Service Act can be made light. The preferred flash point of the composition is 250 ° C. or higher.
Moreover, it is preferable that the dynamic friction coefficient of this composition is 0.05 or more and 0.2 or less. When the dynamic friction coefficient is 0.05 or more, when applied to cutting, the tool is likely to bite the work material, and the processing performance is improved. When the dynamic friction coefficient is 0.2 or less, the frictional force between the tool and the work material can be reduced, and the machining performance can be sufficiently maintained. Here, the dynamic friction coefficient means a coefficient measured in a reciprocating friction test described later.
When such a composition has a dynamic friction coefficient in a small range, when used for metal processing, the processing performance is high and the tool life can be extended. In particular, it can be suitably used for cutting.

[Component (C)]
Although this composition makes the said (A) component and (B) component essential, it is preferable to mix | blend sulfurized fats and oils as (C) component further. By blending the sulfurized fats and oils, the friction coefficient can be further reduced, and the wear resistance can be further improved. Moreover, generation | occurrence | production of oil smoke can be suppressed more.
The sulfurized fat is obtained by reacting sulfur or a sulfur-containing compound with fats and oils (lard oil, whale oil, vegetable oil, fish oil, etc.). For example, sulfurized lard, sulfide rapeseed oil, sulfide castor oil, sulfide soybean oil , And sulfurized rice bran oil.

(C) preferably 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity of component is less than 100 mm ² / s or more 2000 mm ² / s, more preferably at most 200 mm ² / s or more ^{1800mm 2 / s, 300mm 2 /} s or more 1500 mm ² / s More preferably, it is as follows.
When the 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity of the component (C) is 100 mm ² / s or more, the coefficient of friction of the present composition can be effectively reduced, and the workability is improved. Moreover, the consumption (loss amount) of this composition at the time of a process can be decreased as (C) component 40 degreeC kinematic viscosity is 2000 mm < ² > / s or less. In particular, during cutting, the amount of chip removal is reduced and the load on the pump is reduced.
The flash point of the component (C) is preferably 200 ° C. or higher, more preferably 250 ° C. or higher. By setting the flash point of the component (C) to 200 ° C. or higher, it becomes easy to set the flash point of the composition to 200 ° C. or higher.

  (C) The preferable compounding quantity of a component is 0.5 mass% or more and 30 mass% or less on the composition whole quantity basis, More preferably, it is 1 mass% or more and 20 mass% or less, More preferably, it is 2 mass% or more and 15 It is below mass%. When the blending amount of the component (C) is 0.5% by mass or more, the wear resistance of the present composition is improved, and the friction coefficient is reduced to contribute to the improvement of workability. Moreover, the viscosity of this composition can be suppressed as the compounding quantity of (C) component is 30 mass% or less, and the consumption (loss amount) of this composition at the time of a process can be decreased. In particular, during cutting, the amount of chip removal is reduced and the load on the pump is reduced.

Here, in this composition, the mass blending ratio (C) / (B) of the component (C) and the component (B) is preferably 2 or more and 75 or less, more preferably 4 or more and 50 or less. 7 or more and 30 or less.
When (C) / (B) is 2 or more, the wear resistance of the present composition can be sufficiently improved. Moreover, the extreme pressure property of this composition can fully be improved as (C) / (B) is 75 or less. That is, when (C) / (B) is in the above range, both the wear resistance and extreme pressure property of the composition can be achieved, and as a result, the high workability of the composition and the suppression of the generation of oil smoke are effective. Can be achieved.

In the present composition, various base oils and additives can be blended as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
Here, in the present invention, the composition obtained by blending the component (A) and the component (B) includes not only “a composition containing the component (A) and the component (B)” but also “(A ) And a composition containing a reaction product obtained by reacting the component (A) and the component (B) instead of at least one of the component (B) and the component (B). It also includes the meaning of “thing”. The same applies when the component (C) of the present invention and various base oils and additives are blended.
Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular as a base oil, Mineral oil and synthetic oil are mentioned. As mineral oil, various things can be mentioned. For example, distillate oil obtained by atmospheric distillation of paraffinic crude oil, intermediate crude oil, or naphthenic crude oil, or by distilling the residual oil of atmospheric distillation under reduced pressure, or purifying it according to a conventional method. For example, solvent refined oil, hydrogenated refined oil, dewaxed oil, and clay-treated oil can be used.

Examples of synthetic oils include esters, poly-α-olefins, olefin copolymers alkylbenzene, alkylnaphthalene, polyoxyalkylene glycol, and polyphenyl ether.
Among these, specific examples of the ester include octyl palmitate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, octyl stearate, and 2-ethylhexyl oleate. Examples of the poly-α-olefin include polybutene, 1-octene oligomer, 1-decene oligomer and the like. Examples of the olefin copolymer include ethylene-propylene copolymer.
Among these synthetic oils, esters are preferably used from the viewpoint of low viscosity and high flash point.

In this composition, mineral oil may use 1 type among the above, and may use it in combination of 2 or more type. Moreover, 1 type of said synthetic oil may be used and it may use it in combination of 2 or more type. Further, one or more mineral oils and one or more synthetic oils may be used in combination.
However, when blending the above-described various base oils, the composition should have a kinematic viscosity of 40 ° C. of 5 mm ² / s to 70 mm ² / s and a flash point of 200 ° C. or higher.

  Examples of additives that can be blended in the present composition include extreme pressure agents, oil agents, antioxidants, rust inhibitors, metal deactivators, and antifoaming agents. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of the extreme pressure agent include a sulfur-based extreme pressure agent, a phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent, an extreme pressure agent containing sulfur and a metal, and an extreme pressure agent containing phosphorus and a metal. These extreme pressure agents can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Any extreme pressure agent may be used as long as it contains a sulfur atom or a phosphorus atom in the molecule and can exhibit load resistance and wear resistance. Examples of extreme pressure agents containing sulfur in the molecule include sulfurized fatty acids, sulfurized esters, sulfurized olefins, dihydrocarbyl polysulfides, thiadiazole compounds, alkylthiocarbamoyl compounds, triazine compounds, thioterpene compounds, dialkylthiodipropionate compounds, and the like. Can do. These extreme pressure agents are blended so as to be about 0.05% by mass or more and 0.5% by mass or less based on the total amount of the composition from the viewpoint of the blending effect.

Examples of the oily agent include fatty alcohols, fatty acid compounds such as fatty acids and fatty acid metal salts, ester compounds such as polyol esters, sorbitan esters, and glycerides, and amine compounds such as aliphatic amines. Examples of fatty acids include oleic acid and lauric acid.
The blending amount of these oil-based agents is about 0.1% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less, preferably about 0.5% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the composition from the viewpoint of the blending effect. .

As the antioxidant, amine-based antioxidants, phenol-based antioxidants, and sulfur-based antioxidants can be used. These antioxidants can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
Examples of the amine antioxidant include monoalkyl diphenylamine compounds such as monooctyl diphenylamine and monononyl diphenylamine, 4,4′-dibutyldiphenylamine, 4,4′-dipentyldiphenylamine, 4,4′-dihexyldiphenylamine, 4 , 4′-diheptyldiphenylamine, 4,4′-dioctyldiphenylamine, dialkyldiphenylamine compounds such as 4,4′-dinonyldiphenylamine, polyalkyl such as tetrabutyldiphenylamine, tetrahexyldiphenylamine, tetraoctyldiphenylamine, tetranonyldiphenylamine Diphenylamine compounds, α-naphthylamine, phenyl-α-naphthylamine, butylphenyl-α-naphthylamine, pentylphenyl-α-na Ethylamine, hexyl phenyl -α- naphthylamine, heptylphenyl -α- naphthylamine, octylphenyl -α- naphthylamine, and naphthylamine-based compounds such as nonylphenyl -α- naphthylamine.

Examples of the phenolic antioxidant include monophenolic compounds such as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 4,4 ′ Examples include diphenolic compounds such as -methylenebis (2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) and 2,2'-methylenebis (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol).
Examples of the sulfur-based antioxidant include 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4- (4,6-bis (octylthio) -1,3,5-triazin-2-ylamino) phenol, phosphorus pentasulfide and Examples thereof include thioterpene compounds such as a reaction product with pinene, and dialkylthiodipropionates such as dilauryl thiodipropionate and distearyl thiodipropionate.
The blending amount of these antioxidants is about 0.01% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, and preferably about 0.03% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the composition.

Examples of the rust inhibitor include metal sulfonates and succinates. The blending amount of these rust preventives is about 0.01% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, preferably about 0.05% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the composition from the viewpoint of the blending effect. .
Examples of the metal deactivator include benzotriazole and thiadiazole. The preferred compounding amount of these metal deactivators is about 0.01% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, preferably 0.01% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the composition, from the viewpoint of the blending effect. Degree.
Examples of the antifoaming agent include methyl silicone oil, fluorosilicone oil, and polyacrylate. The blending amount of these antifoaming agents is about 0.0005% by mass or more and 0.01% by mass or less based on the total amount of the composition from the viewpoint of the blending effect.

[Examples 1-6, Comparative Examples 1-5]
A metalworking oil composition having the composition shown in Table 1 was prepared and used as a sample oil for evaluation. Below, the detail of each used component is shown.

<(A) component>
Ester 1: Pentaerythritol tetraester, 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity 33.5 mm ² / s, flash point 280 ° C.
Ester 2: Trimethylolpropane triester, kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. 49.5 mm ² / s, flash point 320 ° C.
Ester 3: Trimethylolpropane triester, 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity 16.1 mm ² / s, flash point 264 ° C.
<Mineral oil>
Mineral oil 1: paraffinic, 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity 45.1 mm ² / s, flash point: 266 ° C.
Mineral oil 2: paraffinic, 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity 9.92 mm ² / s, flash point: 176 ° C.

<(B) component>
Elemental sulfur: Hosoi Chemical powder sulfur <(C) component>
Sulfurized oil and fat: 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity 705.8 mm ² / s, flash point 250 ° C., sulfur content 7% by mass
<Other ingredients>
Polysulfide: DAILUBE GS-440L made by Dainippon Ink
Overbased Ca sulfonate: OLOA247E manufactured by Chevron Japan

〔Evaluation method〕
For each sample oil, a 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity (conforming to JIS K 2283) and a flash point (conforming to JIS K 2265 conforming COC method) were measured, and an oil smoke generation test, a welding test and a reciprocating dynamic friction test were performed under the following conditions. The results are shown in Table 1.
(1) Oil Smoke Generation Test 0.2 mL of sample oil was dropped on a steel plate (SPCC-SD) heated to 185 ° C., and a 300 mL glass beaker was inverted and covered. The amount of oil smoke generated after 1 minute was visually observed through the wall of the beaker, and the degree of oil smoke generation was evaluated according to the following criteria.
A: Almost no oil smoke is generated B: Some oil smoke is observed C: Large amount of oil smoke is observed

(2) Welding test A welding load (WL: unit N) was determined by a shell four-ball test (according to ASTM D 2783).

(3) Reciprocating friction test machine: F-2100 manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd.
Sphere: 3/16 inch SUJ2
Test plate: SPCC-SD
Sliding speed: 20mm / s
Sliding distance: 2cm
Load: 3kgf (29.4N)
Test temperature: 25 ° C
Evaluation item: Friction coefficient at the 30th sliding

〔Evaluation results〕
From the results shown in Table 1, all of the sample oils of Examples 1 to 6 which are the metalworking oil compositions of the present invention have less generation of oily smoke, extremely high welding load and excellent wear resistance, and friction. It can be understood that the coefficient is low and the processability is also excellent. Moreover, it can also be understood that Examples 1-3, 5 and 6 obtained by blending the component (C) have a lower friction coefficient and are more excellent in workability than Example 4.
On the other hand, since the sample oils of Comparative Examples 1 to 5 lack at least one of the predetermined configurations of the present invention, they satisfy all of the suppression of oil generation, wear resistance and workability. Can not.

  The metalworking oil composition of the present invention can be suitably used for metalworking such as cutting and grinding.

Claims (10)

(A) Polyhydric alcohol and fatty acid ester, (B) simple substance sulfur, (C) sulfurized fat and oil ,
40 ° C. kinematic viscosity of not more than ^{5 mm} 2 / s or more 70 mm ² / s, metalworking oil composition characterized by a flash point is 200 ° C. or higher. The metalworking oil composition according to claim 1, wherein
The metalworking oil composition, wherein the polyhydric alcohol in the component (A) is at least one of neopentyl glycol, glycerin, pentaerythritol, and trimethylolpropane. In the metalworking oil composition according to claim 1 or 2,
The metal processing oil composition, wherein the component (A) has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 4 mm ² / s or more and 69 mm ² / s or less. In the metalworking oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The blending amount of the component (B) is 0.05% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less based on the total amount of the composition. In the metalworking oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
The blending amount of the component (C) is 0.5% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less based on the total amount of the composition. In the metalworking oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 ,
The metalworking oil composition, wherein the mass blending ratio (C) / (B) of the component (C) and the component (B) is 2 or more and 75 or less. In the metalworking oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The mass blending ratio (C) / (B) of the component (C) and the component (B) is 7 or more and 30 or less.
The metalworking oil composition characterized by the above-mentioned. In the metalworking oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 ,
The metal processing oil composition, wherein the (C) component has a 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity of 100 mm ² / s to 2000 mm ² / s. In the metalworking oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
The flash point is 250 ° C or higher
The metalworking oil composition characterized by the above-mentioned. The metalworking oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein the metalworking oil composition is a cutting oil composition.