JP6571568B2 - Power management apparatus and power management method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a power management apparatus and a power management method.

  In recent years, power generation systems using natural energy, such as solar power generation systems, are being introduced into homes for general households or industrial facilities. In these power generation systems, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, generated power is used as a power source for electronic devices and storage batteries. At present, an electric power purchase system for selling generated electric power and purchasing it by an electric power company has been established in order to make the electric power generation system using natural energy more popular.

  The power generation system has a great influence on the power supply-demand balance. Therefore, an operator of the power system (for example, a power company) has the authority to command suppression of power output from the power generation system. In this command, an upper limit of the output power of the PCS included in the power generation system and an output control period for controlling the output power to be equal to or lower than the upper limit are designated. In the power generation system that has received this command, during the output control period, it is obliged to output control the output power of the power generation system below the upper limit specified by the command. In particular, in a power generation system including a plurality of PCSs of power generation devices, it is obliged to output control the output power of each PCS to an upper limit specified by the above command.

Japanese Patent No. 5738212

  Here, when power purchase from the power system occurs due to an increase in power consumption in the power generation system during the output control period, output power exceeding the upper limit specified by the command may be allowed. In this case, simply assigning a priority to each of the plurality of PCSs included in the power generation system and controlling the output power of the upper PCS cannot obtain output power to cover the power consumption. Electricity may not be reduced or eliminated. In addition, other functions of the power generation system may be hindered. In Patent Document 1, such a problem is not considered at all.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a condition, and it aims at providing the power management apparatus and power management method which can reduce or eliminate the power purchase from the electric power system in an output control period.

  In order to achieve the above object, a power management apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention is connected between a power generation path connected to a power system and a power load and the power generation apparatus, and controls the power generation apparatus. Based on the output control information, the management unit that manages multiple power control devices that can be connected to the power system and the power reception point power that flows through the power reception point is detected based on the detection result of the power detector provided at the power reception point on the current path An output control period indicating a period for limiting the output power of the plurality of power control devices is set in the output control information. The power management process is performed when receiving point power is supplied to the first power control apparatus. In the power management process, the management unit includes a first power control apparatus whose priority order set in advance for each power control apparatus is a predetermined order. Of the first output power to be output When the receiving point power supplied from the power system can be reduced to a predetermined value or less by adjusting the first output upper limit value indicating the limit, the adjusted first output upper limit value is set in the first power control device, and the first output If the output shortage period in which the first output power becomes less than the power threshold after the time when the upper limit value is set becomes equal to or greater than the first time threshold, the power management process is performed again by lowering the predetermined rank by one.

  In the power management apparatus configured as described above, in the power management process, when the management unit determines that the power receiving point power cannot be reduced to a predetermined value or less by adjusting the first output upper limit value, the rated output power of the first power control apparatus And a power management process in which the smaller one of the power generation capacities of the first power generation devices connected to the first power control device is set as the first output upper limit value in the first power control device, and then the predetermined order is lowered by one. It is good also as a structure which implements again.

  In the power management apparatus configured as described above, when the output shortage period becomes equal to or greater than the first time threshold, the management unit detects the second power control apparatus detected last when the output shortage period reaches the first time threshold. After setting the second output control value based on the output power and the third output power of the first power control device detected one time before the detection of the second output power in the first power control device, a predetermined order It is good also as a structure which carries out power management processing again by lowering by one.

  In the power management apparatus having the above configuration, the power threshold value may be a value obtained by multiplying the first output upper limit value by a predetermined ratio that is greater than 0 and less than 1.

  In the power management apparatus having the above-described configuration, the management unit newly sets the priority order of each power control apparatus when the power management period that has elapsed since the last time the priority order was set becomes equal to or greater than the second time threshold. It is good.

  In the power management apparatus configured as described above, the management unit may newly set the priority of each power control apparatus when the number of operating power control apparatuses increases or decreases.

  In the power management device having the above configuration, the priority order of the second power control device to which the energy storage device is not connected among the plurality of power control devices is the third power control device to which the energy storage device is connected. It is good also as a structure set higher than.

  Further, in the power management apparatus having the above configuration, the priority order may be further set in the order of the magnitude of the rated output power of each power control apparatus.

  Moreover, in the power management apparatus having the above-described configuration, the priority order may be further set in the order of unique identification numbers assigned to the respective power control apparatuses.

  In order to achieve the above object, a power management method according to an aspect of the present invention controls a power generation device connected between a power path connected to a power system and a power load and the power generation device, and A power management method for managing a power control apparatus that can be interconnected with a power system, based on output control information in which an output control period indicating a period for limiting output power of a plurality of power control apparatuses is set And a step of detecting the power receiving point power flowing through the power receiving point based on the detection result of the power detector provided at the power receiving point on the power supply path. The power management process is performed when receiving point power is supplied from the power system to the energization path, and the step of performing the power management process has a priority set in advance for each power control device. When the first output upper limit value indicating the upper limit of the first output power output by the first power control device, which is the order, is adjusted, and the receiving point power supplied from the power system can be reduced to a predetermined value or less, the adjusted first When the output shortage period during which the first output power is less than the power threshold after the time when the first output upper limit value is set and the time when the first output upper limit value is set is greater than or equal to the first time threshold. The step of performing the power management process by lowering the predetermined order by one is performed again.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the power management apparatus and power management method which can reduce or eliminate the power purchase from the electric power system in an output control period can be provided.

It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of a solar energy power generation system. It is a graph for demonstrating the electric power control of the photovoltaic power generation system accept | permitted in an output control period in a surplus purchase system. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of the power management process of the controller in a surplus purchase system. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of a private consumption control process. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of the electric power control process of PCS for electric power generation. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of the power control process of composite type PCS. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the operation example of the surplus purchase control of a solar power generation system. It is a block diagram which shows the other structural example of a solar power generation system. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of a wind power generation system.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the solar power generation system 100. The photovoltaic power generation system 100 is a distributed power source capable of grid-connected operation with the commercial power system CS, and includes a solar cell string PV and a power storage device S. The photovoltaic power generation system 100 is electrically connected to the commercial power system CS via, for example, a single-phase three-wire energization path P. In this solar power generation system 100, the generated power of the solar cell string PV is converted from direct current to alternating current, and power is transmitted from the solar power generation system 100 to the commercial power system CS via the current path P (that is, reverse power flow). The electric power can be sold to an electric power company or the like. It is also possible to receive power from the commercial power system CS to the power supply path P and purchase the power from an electric power company or the like. Hereinafter, the power that is reversely flowed (sold) into the commercial power system CS may be referred to as reverse power flow.

  The energization path P includes the first energization path Pa, the second energization path Pb, and the third energization path Pc, and is connected to the power conditioner 1. Hereinafter, the power conditioner 1 is referred to as a PCS (Power Conditioning System) 1. The PCS 1 in FIG. 1 includes a power generation PCS 1a and a composite PCS 1b.

  The first current path Pa is connected to the power generation PCS 1a, and the second current path Pb is connected to the composite PCS 1b. The third current path Pc is connected to the commercial power system CS. Moreover, the electric power load L is connected to the 3rd electricity supply path Pc. This power load L is a power load (equipment) such as household appliances and factory equipment, for example, and consumes power WL supplied from the third energization path Pc. Hereinafter, the power WL consumed by the power load L is referred to as power consumption WL.

  Next, the configuration of the solar power generation system 100 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the photovoltaic power generation system 100 includes a watt-hour meter M, a solar cell string PV, a power storage device S, a PCS 1 including a power generation PCS 1 a and a composite PCS 1 b, and a controller 3. .

  The watt-hour meter M is provided at a power receiving point on the third current path Pc between the commercial power system CS and the power load L. The watt-hour meter M is a power detector that detects the direction in which the power Wr flows at the power receiving point on the third energization path Pc, the power amount ([Wh]), and the power value ([W]). Is output to the controller 3. Hereinafter, the power Wr detected by the watt-hour meter M is referred to as a power receiving point power Wr. The watt-hour meter M indicates the power value of the receiving point power Wr flowing in the direction away from the commercial power grid CS as a positive value, and the power value of the receiving point power Wr flowing in the direction toward the commercial power grid CS is negative. Shown by value. That is, the watt-hour meter M indicates the power value of the power supplied from the commercial power system CS as a positive value of the receiving point power Wr, and indicates the power value of the reverse power flow as a negative value of the receiving point power Wr.

  The solar cell string PV includes a first solar cell string PVa and a second solar cell string PVb. Each solar cell string PVa, PVb is a power generation device including one or a plurality of solar cell modules connected in series. The first solar cell string PVa is connected to the power generation PCS 1a, and outputs DC power WGa generated by receiving sunlight to the power generation PCS 1a. Hereinafter, this DC power WGa is referred to as generated power WGa. The second solar cell string PVb is connected to the composite type PCS 1b, and outputs DC power WGb generated by receiving sunlight to the composite type PCS 1b. Hereinafter, this DC power WGb is referred to as generated power WGb. In addition, the generated power WGa and WGb may be collectively referred to as generated power WG. Note that the number of solar cell strings PV connected to the power generation PCS 1a and the composite PCS 1b is not limited to the example of FIG.

  The power storage device S is an energy storage device having a charge / discharge function capable of repeated charge / discharge. For example, the power storage device S can charge the DC power WS supplied from the composite PCS 1b, and can discharge the DC power corresponding to the amount of storage to the composite PCS 1b. Hereinafter, the electric power WS supplied and charged from the composite PCS 1b to the power storage device S during charging is referred to as charging power WS, and the power output from the power storage device S to the composite PCS 1b during discharge is referred to as discharge power. Call. In addition, the structure of the electrical storage apparatus S is not specifically limited. For example, the power storage device S may include secondary batteries such as a lithium secondary battery, a nickel hydride battery, a nickel cadmium battery, and a lead battery. Alternatively, the power storage device S may include an electric double layer capacitor. Further, the number of power storage devices S is not limited to the example illustrated in FIG. 1 and may be plural.

  Next, the power generation PCS 1a will be described. The power generation PCS 1a is a power control device that controls power generation of a power generation device such as the first solar cell string PVa, and is assigned a unique device ID number “T001”. The power generation PCS 1a is connected to the energization path P (first energization path Pa) and the first solar cell string PVa, and is connected to the commercial power system CS via the energization path P. The power generation PCS 1a can convert the generated power WGa of the first solar cell string PVa to output power WOa to the first current path Pa. Further, the power generation PCS 1a normally controls the operating voltage (operating point) of the first solar cell string PVa so that the generated power WGa is maximized by, for example, MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) control. However, when it is necessary to limit the power generation of the first solar cell string PVa, the power generation PCS 1a sets the operating voltage of the first solar cell string PVa to a value that deviates from the maximum output operating voltage, and the generated power WGa Adjust.

  The power generation PCS 1a includes a DC / DC converter 11a, an inverter 12a, a communication unit 15a, a memory 16a, and an IC 17a. The DC / DC converter 11a and the inverter 12a are connected to each other via a bus line provided with a smoothing capacitor.

  The DC / DC converter 11a is a direct current converter controlled by the IC 17a, and is provided between the first solar cell string PVa and the inverter 12a. The DC / DC converter 11a converts the generated power WGa of the first solar cell string PVa into direct-current power having a predetermined voltage value and outputs it to the inverter 12a. Further, the DC / DC converter 11a prevents a reverse current from flowing through the first solar cell string PVa.

  The inverter 12a is a power converter controlled by the IC 17a, and is provided between the DC / DC converter 11a and the first current path Pa. The inverter 12a uses the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control or the PAM (Pulse Amplitude Modulation) control to convert the DC power output from the DC / DC converter 11a into an AC frequency according to the power standards of the commercial power system CS and the power load L. Can be converted to AC power WOa and output to the first current path Pa. Hereinafter, the power WOa that the inverter 12a converts to DC power output from the DC / DC converter 11a and outputs the DC power to the first current path Pa is referred to as output power WOa.

  Here, the upper limit value Ua of the output power WOa that can be output from the power generation PCS 1 a to the first energization path Pa is limited by the power control management of the controller 3. Hereinafter, this upper limit value Ua is referred to as an output upper limit value Ua. The output upper limit value Ua is normally smaller (for example, other than the output control period described later) of the rated output power Ea of the power generation PCS 1a and the power generation capacity EGa of the generated power WGa that can be generated by the first solar cell string PVa. Set to the same value. Further, the output upper limit value Ua is 0 or more by the power control management of the controller 3 in the output control period designated by the operator when the output control of the receiving point power Wr is instructed by the operator of the commercial power system CS, for example. In addition, it is set to a value equal to or less than the normal set value (that is, the same value as the smaller one). The rated output power Ea is a rated power value Ea set as the upper limit of the output power WOa that can be output from the power generation PCS 1a guaranteed at the time of design. The power generation capacity EGa of the generated power WGa is a rated power value set as the upper limit of the generated power WGa of the first solar cell string PVa guaranteed at the time of design.

  In the present embodiment, the rated output power Ea (for example, 4 [kW]) is the same as the power generation capacity EGa (for example, 4 [kW]) of the generated power WGa. In this case, the output upper limit value Ua can be represented by a value {(Xa / 100) × Ea} using the rated output power Ea [kW] of the power generation PCS 1a and the conversion control value Xa [%]. The conversion control value Xa is a ratio Xa indicating the ratio of the output upper limit value Ua to the rated output power Ea of the power generation PCS 1a, and is 100% or more with respect to the rated output power Ea by the power control management of the controller 3. [%] Set to the following value.

  The communication unit 15 a is a communication interface that performs wireless communication or wired communication with the controller 3. For example, the communication unit 15a transmits the operation state (particularly, the power conversion amount, the rated output power Ea, etc.) of the DC / DC converter 11a and the inverter 12a to the controller 3. The communication unit 15a receives control information for managing the power control of the power generation PCS 1a from the controller 3 and transmits the control information to the IC 17a.

  The memory 16a is a non-volatile storage medium that holds stored information non-temporarily without supplying power. The memory 16a stores control information, a program, and the like used in each component (particularly, the IC 17a) of the power generation PCS 1a.

  The IC 17a is a control unit that controls each component of the power generation PCS 1a using information, a program, and the like stored in the memory 16a. For example, the IC 17a controls the DC / DC converter 11a and the inverter 12a based on the control information output from the controller 3, and particularly controls the power conversion thereof.

  Next, the composite type PCS 1b will be described. The composite PCS 1b is a power control device that controls the power generation of the power generation device such as the second solar cell string PVb, and is assigned a unique device ID number “T002”. The composite PCS 1b can be connected to an energy storage device such as the power storage device S in addition to the power generation device. The composite PCS 1b is connected to the energization path P (second energization path Pb), the second solar cell string PVb, and the power storage device S, and is connected to the commercial power system CS via the energization path P. The composite PCS 1b can convert at least a part of the generated power WGb of the second solar cell string PVb and output it to the second energization path Pb. Further, the composite PCS 1b normally controls the operating voltage (operating point) of the second solar cell string PVb so that the generated power WGb is maximized by, for example, MPPT control. However, when it is necessary to limit the power generation of the second solar cell string PVb, the composite PCS 1b sets the operating voltage of the second solar cell string PVb to a value that deviates from the maximum output operating voltage, and generates the generated power WGb. Adjust.

  The composite PCS 1b also functions as a storage / discharge control device for the power storage device S. For example, the composite PCS 1b supplies at least a part of the generated power WGb to the power storage device S as the charging power WS based on the control information output from the controller 3, or uses the power WIb flowing through the second current path Pb as power. It can be converted and supplied to the power storage device S as the charging power WS, or the discharge power can be supplied from the power storage device S.

  The composite PCS 1b includes a DC / DC converter 11b, a bidirectional inverter 12b, a smoothing capacitor 13b, a bidirectional DC / DC converter 14b, a communication unit 15b, a memory 16b, and an IC 17b. . Further, the DC / DC converter 11b, the bidirectional inverter 12b, and the bidirectional DC / DC converter 14b are connected to each other via a bus line BL.

  The DC / DC converter 11b is a direct current converter connected to the second solar cell string PVb. The DC / DC converter 11b is provided between the second solar cell string PVb and the bus line BL, converts the generated power WGb of the second solar cell string PVb into DC power having a predetermined voltage value, and outputs it to the bus line BL. . Further, the DC / DC converter 11b prevents a reverse current from flowing through the second solar cell string PVb.

  The bidirectional inverter 12b is a bidirectional power converter controlled by the IC 17b, and is provided between the bus line BL and the second energization path Pb. The bidirectional inverter 12b can perform bidirectional a and b power conversion as shown in FIG. 1 by PWM control or PAM control. For example, the bidirectional inverter 12b can AC / DC convert AC power WIb input from the second energization path Pb into DC power and output the DC power to the bus line BL. In addition, the bidirectional inverter 12b uses the DC power (at least one of the generated power WGb and the discharge power of the power storage device S) input from the bus line BL according to the power standards of the commercial power system CS and the power load L. DC / AC conversion into AC power WOb having a frequency can be performed and output to the second energization path Pb.

  In the following description, the bidirectional inverter 12b performs power conversion of power input from the bus line BL and outputs the power to the second energization path Pb as power conversion in the reverse conversion direction b. Also, power conversion in the reverse conversion direction b is called reverse conversion, and power WOb that is output after reverse conversion is called output power WOb. The bidirectional inverter 12b converting the power WIb input from the second energization path Pb and outputting it to the bus line BL is referred to as power conversion in the forward conversion direction a. Further, power conversion in the forward conversion direction a is referred to as forward conversion, and forward-converted power WIb is referred to as forward-converted power WIb. The upper limit values Ub and UIb of the output power WOb and the forward conversion power WIb are limited by the power control management of the controller 3. Hereinafter, the upper limit value Ub of the output power WOb is referred to as an output upper limit value Ub, and the upper limit value UIb of the forward conversion power WIb is referred to as a forward conversion upper limit value UIb.

  The output upper limit value Ub is usually the same value as the smaller one of the rated output power Eb of the composite PCS 1b and the power generation capacity EGa of the generated power WGb that can be generated by the second solar cell string PVb (for example, other than the output control period). Set to Further, the output upper limit value Ub is 0 or more by the power control management of the controller 3 in the output control period designated by the operator, for example, when the output control of the reverse power flow is instructed by the operator of the commercial power system CS or the like. It is set to a value equal to or less than the normal set value (that is, the same value as the smaller one). The rated output power Eb is a rated power value Eb set as an upper limit of the output power WOb that can be output from the composite PCS 1b guaranteed at the time of design. Further, the power generation capacity EGa of the generated power WGb is a rated power value set as the upper limit of the generated power WGb of the second solar cell string PVb guaranteed at the time of design.

  In the present embodiment, the rated output power Eb (for example, 4 [kW]) has the same value as the power generation capacity EGa (for example, 4 [kW]) of the generated power WGb. In this case, the output upper limit value Ub can be represented by a value {(Xb / 100) × Eb} using the rated output power Eb [kW] and the conversion control value Xb [%] of the composite PCS 1b. The conversion control value Xb is a ratio Xb indicating a positive value of the ratio of the output upper limit value Ub to the rated output power Eb of the composite PCS 1b, and is 0 [0] with respect to the rated output power Eb by the power control management of the controller 3. %] To 100 [%] or less.

  The forward conversion upper limit UIb can be represented by a value {(XIb / 100) × EIb} [kW] using the rated forward converted power EIb [kW] and the forward conversion control value XIb [%]. The forward conversion upper limit value UIb is normally set to the same value as the rated forward conversion power EIb. The rated forward conversion power EIb is a rated value EIb set as the upper limit of the forward conversion power WIb input to the composite PCS 1b guaranteed at the time of design. The forward conversion control value XIb is a ratio XIb indicating the ratio of the forward conversion upper limit value UIb to the rated forward conversion power EIb of the composite PCS 1b, and is 0 [%] with respect to the rated forward conversion power EIb by the power control management of the controller 3. It is set to a value of 100% or less. In the present embodiment, the rated forward conversion power EIb has the same value as the rated output power Eb. Therefore, the forward conversion control value XIb may be indicated by a negative value of the conversion control value Xb [%]. That is, it may be expressed as XIb = (− Xb).

  The smoothing capacitor 13b is connected to the bus line BL, and removes or reduces fluctuations in the bus voltage value of power flowing through the bus line BL.

  The bidirectional DC / DC converter 14b is a charge / discharge power conversion unit controlled by the IC 17b, and is provided between the bus line BL and the power storage device S. Bidirectional DC / DC converter 14b can DC / DC convert the DC power input from bus line BL into DC charging power WS suitable for the power standard of power storage device S and output the same to power storage device S. Bidirectional DC / DC converter 14b can also convert the discharge power of power storage device S into direct-current power of a predetermined voltage value and output it to bus line BL. In the following description, the bidirectional DC / DC converter 14b converts the power input from the bus line BL into power and outputs it to the power storage device S as power conversion in the charging direction A. Furthermore, power conversion in the charging direction A is referred to as charge conversion. The bidirectional DC / DC converter 14b converts the discharge power of the power storage device S into power and outputs it to the bus line BL is called power conversion in the discharge direction B. Furthermore, power conversion in the discharge direction B is referred to as discharge conversion.

  The communication unit 15 b is a communication interface that performs wireless communication or wired communication with the controller 3. For example, the communication unit 15b includes operating states of the DC / DC converter 11b, the bidirectional inverter 12b, and the bidirectional DC / DC converter 14b (particularly, power conversion amount, power conversion direction, rated forward conversion power EIb, rated output power Eb, etc. ) And information output from the power storage device S (especially, the operating state of the power storage device S, temperature, remaining free capacity, etc.) are transmitted to the controller 3. Further, the communication unit 15b receives control information for managing the power control of the composite PCS 1b and the charge / discharge control of the power storage device S from the controller 3, and transmits the control information to the IC 17b.

  The memory 16b is a non-volatile storage medium that holds stored information non-temporarily without supplying power. The memory 16b stores control information, a program, and the like used in each component (particularly, the IC 17b) of the composite PCS 1b.

  The IC 17b is a control unit that controls each component of the composite PCS 1b by using information and programs stored in the memory 16b. For example, the IC 17b controls the DC / DC converter 11b, the bidirectional inverter 12b, and the bidirectional DC / DC converter 14b based on the control information output from the controller 3, and in particular controls their power conversion.

  Next, the controller 3 will be described. The controller 3 is a power management device that manages power control of the power generation PCS 1a and the combined PCS 1b that can be interconnected with the commercial power system CS. As shown in FIG. 1, the controller 3 includes a display unit 31, an input unit 32, a communication unit 33, a communication I / F 34, a storage unit 35, and a CPU 36.

  The display unit 31 displays information on the photovoltaic power generation system 100 on a display (not shown).

  The input unit 32 receives a user input and outputs input information corresponding to the user input to the CPU 36. For example, the input unit 32 receives an output control period (to be described later) designated by an operator of the commercial power system CS, a designated control value α (to be described later), and the like. In this case, the output control period and the designated control value α are associated with each other, set in output control information described later, and stored in the storage unit 35.

  The communication unit 33 is a communication interface that performs wireless communication or wired communication with the power generation PCS 1a and the composite PCS 1b. For example, the communication unit 33 receives information related to the power generation PCS 1a and the composite type PCS 1b, outputs the information to the CPU 36, and transmits control information output from the CPU 36 to the power generation PCS 1a and the composite type PCS 1b. The communication unit 33 receives, for example, information related to power conversion of the composite PCS 1b, information related to the state of the power storage device S (particularly charge / discharge), information related to power conversion of the power generation PCS 1a, and transmits the information to the CPU 36. .

  The communication I / F 34 is a communication interface connected to a network NT (for example, the Internet).

  The storage unit 35 is a storage medium that holds stored information non-temporarily without supplying power. The storage unit 35 stores various information and software programs used by each component (particularly the CPU 36) of the controller 3. Further, the storage unit 35 stores output control information acquired by an information acquisition unit 361 described later or created by user input. In this output control information, an output control period and a designated control value α are set in association with each other. The output control period and the designated control value α are designated by the operator or user of the commercial power system CS. The output control period is a period in which the photovoltaic power generation system 100 performs control to suppress the total output power WT output to the energization path P, and is a period in which the output powers WOa and WOb of the power generation PCS 1a and the combined PCS 1b are limited. is there. The designated control value α is an output control value indicating an upper limit value UT of the total output power WT that is allowed when the total output power WT is larger than the power consumption WL in the output control period. The designated control value α is a ratio α = {(Ua / Ea) × 100} = {(Ub) indicating the ratio of the output upper limit values Ua and Ub to the rated output power Ea of the power generation PCS 1a and the rated output power Eb of the composite PCS 1b. / Eb) × 100} [%] (0 ≦ α ≦ 100).

  The CPU 36 controls each component of the controller 3 using control information and a program stored in the storage unit 35 that holds information non-temporarily. The CPU 36 includes an information acquisition unit 361, a power monitoring unit 362, a calculation unit 363, a timer 364, and a management unit 365 as functional components.

  The information acquisition unit 361 acquires various information (for example, output control information) from the network NT via the communication I / F 34. The output control information is, for example, notified to the photovoltaic power generation system 100 or disclosed to the network NT (or a server connected to the network NT).

  The power monitoring unit 362 monitors the power of the solar power generation system 100. The power monitoring unit 362 monitors the power flowing through the power receiving point on the third conduction path Pc between the commercial power system CS and the power load L based on the detection result of the watt-hour meter M provided in the third conduction path Pc. . The power monitoring unit 362 functions as, for example, a power detection unit, and detects the power receiving point power Wr based on the detection result of the watt-hour meter M. In addition, the power monitoring unit 362 generates input / output power (that is, output power WOa, forward-converted power WIb, output power WOb, and the like) based on the information received from the power generation PCS 1a and the composite type PCS 1b. ) Is detected.

  The power monitoring unit 362 also functions as a power storage monitoring unit that monitors the state of the power storage device S. For example, the power monitoring unit 362 operates based on the information related to the power storage device S transmitted from the composite PCS 1b (for example, the charge operation and the charge power value, the discharge operation and the discharge power value, the charge and discharge operation). Stop), temperature, remaining free space, etc.

  Further, the power monitoring unit 362 may detect the power consumption WL based on, for example, the power receiving point power Wr detected by the watt-hour meter M and the input / output powers WOa, WIb, WOb of each PCS 1 received by the communication unit 33. it can. Or you may provide the other watt-hour meter (not shown) which detects the power consumption WL in the electricity supply path between the electric power load L and the 3rd electricity supply path Pc. In this case, the power monitoring unit 362 can detect the power consumption WL based on the detection result of the other watt-hour meter. In addition, the power monitoring unit 362 can also detect the generated power WGa and WGb of the first and second solar cell strings PVa and PVb by the communication unit 33. Alternatively, the power monitoring unit 362 converts the conversion control value Xa and the conversion control value Xb notified from the controller 3 to the power generation PCS 1a and the composite PCS 1b, and the input / output power WOa of the power generation PCS 1a and the composite PCS 1b received by the communication unit 33. Based on, WIb, WOb, etc., the generated power WGa, WGb of each solar cell string PVa, PVb can also be detected.

  The calculation unit 363 calculates and determines various management parameters. For example, the calculation unit 363 calculates the upper limit value UT of the total output power WT based on the designated control value α set in the output control information. The upper limit value UT is gradually limited during the period from the start of the period during which output control is performed with the command control value α to the time after the predetermined first transient control time Tγ1, and output control is performed with the command control value α. In the period from the time before the predetermined second transient control time Tγ2 before the end of the period to the end of the period, it is gradually relaxed. Hereinafter, the first transient control time Tγ1 and the first transient control time Tγ2 may be collectively referred to as a transient control time Tγ. During the transient control time Tγ, the calculation unit 363 calculates a transient control value γ (α <γ <100), which is a provisional output control value A set to the conversion control values Xa and Xb. Although the calculation method of the transient control value γ is not particularly limited, when the current time is within the first transient control time Tγ1, it can be calculated by, for example, γ = {(α−100) × t1 / Tγ1 + 100}. Further, when the current time is within the second transient control time Tγ2, for example, γ = {(α−100) × t2 / Tγ2 + 100} can be calculated. However, t1 is the time elapsed from the start time of the first transient control time Tγ1 to the current time point, and t2 is the time from the current time point within the second transient control time Tγ2 to the end point of the output control period. . Further, the calculation unit 363 calculates the output upper limit value Ua [kW] and the conversion control value Xa [%] of the power generation PCS 1a, or the output upper limit value Ub [kW] and the conversion control value Xb [%] of the composite PCS 1b. And so on.

  The timer 364 is a timekeeping unit, which measures the current date and time (that is, the current date and time) or the elapsed time from a predetermined time point to the present time.

  The management unit 365 manages power control of the power generation PCS 1a and the composite PCS 1b. For example, the management unit 365 controls the power generation control of the solar cell string PV by the DC / DC converters 11a and 11b, the bidirectional inverter 12b, and the bidirectional DC / DC converter 14b based on the control information transmitted from the communication unit 33 to the composite PCS 1b. Manage power conversion. Further, the management unit 365 manages the control of the first solar cell string PVa in the DC / DC converter 11a and the power conversion of the DC / DC converter 11a and the inverter 12a based on the control information transmitted from the communication unit 33 to the power generation PCS 1a. . In addition, the management unit 365, in the output control period set in the output control information, based on the output control information, the monitoring result of the power monitoring unit 362, the calculation / decision result of the calculating unit 363, etc. The power control of the type PCS 1b is managed.

Further, the management unit 365 sets the priority order of the PCS 1 to be controlled when performing power control of the PCS 1. If it demonstrates concretely, the management part 365 will confirm PCS1 in which electric power control is possible during driving | operation, and sets the priority of each PCS1. This priority order can be set by the following procedures (I) to (III) based on the following three conditions (1) to (3), for example.
(1) Presence or absence of connection of an energy storage device such as the power storage device S,
(2) Size of rated output power (3) Assigned unique device ID number

(I) First, the management unit 365 identifies N PCS1 capable of controlling power during operation, out of M PCS1 provided in the solar power generation system 100. M is a natural number of 2 or more. N is a natural number of 1 or more and M or less, and indicates the number of operating PCSs 1 capable of managing power.

(II) Next, the management unit 365 sets the priority of the power control device 1 to which the energy storage device is not connected based on the condition (1) over the power control device 1 to which the energy storage device is connected. Set higher. That is, of the N PCSs 1, H PCSs 1 to which energy storage devices (for example, power storage devices S) are not connected are identified. H is a natural number of 0 or more and N or less. Based on the condition (2), the priority order of each of the H PCSs 1 is set in descending order of the rated output power E. That is, among the H PCSs 1, the priority of the PCS 1 having the highest rated output power E is set to the first (highest), and the priority of the PCS 1 having the lowest rated output power E is set to the H th. . However, when the condition (2) is applied, if there are I PCSs 1 having the same rated output power E, the priority order of each PCS 1 of the I units is set based on the device ID number based on the condition (3). (For example, in ascending order of ID number). Note that I is a natural number of 0 or more and H or less.

(III) Further, the priority order of the (N−H) PCSs 1 to which the energy storage devices are connected is similarly set based on the above conditions (2) and (3). That is, the management unit 365 sets the priority of the PCS1 having the highest rated output power E among the (N−H) PCS1s to the (N−H) th and sets the priority of the PCS1 having the lowest rated output power E. The priority is set to the Nth (lowest). However, if there are J PCSs 1 having the same rated output power E, the priority order of each (N−H) PCS 1 is set based on the device ID number based on the condition (3) (for example, the ID number In ascending order). J is a natural number of 0 or more and (N−H) or less.

  In the following description, the output power WO, the rated output power E, the conversion control value X, and the output upper limit value U of the PCS 1 having the nth priority may be represented by WOn, En, Xn, and Un, respectively. Note that the variable n is a natural number of 1 or more. In the present embodiment, the priority order of the power generation PCS 1a is set to n = 1 (the highest order), and the priority order of the composite PCS 1b is set to n = 2. In this case, each output power is W1 = Wa, W2 = Wb, each rated output power is E1 = Ea, E2 = Eb, each conversion control value is X1 = Xa, X2 = Xb, and each output upper limit value is U1 = Ua = (Xa × Ea), U2 = Ub = (Xb × Eb).

Next, an example of power control of the solar power generation system 100 in the surplus purchase system will be described. FIG. 2 is a graph for explaining the power control of the photovoltaic power generation system 100 that is allowed during the output control period in the surplus purchase system. The thick solid line in FIG. 2 shows the change over time of the upper limit value UT of the total output power WT that is actually allowed in the surplus purchase system. Hereinafter, the upper limit value UT is referred to as an allowable upper limit value UT. The alternate long and short dash line indicates the change over time of the total sum ΣWG = (WGb + WGa) of the generated power WG in the normal state of the solar cell string PV under MPPT control. Note that the normal state is an ideal state in which there is no bad weather and no shading of the light receiving surface due to the shadow of an object.
A broken line indicates a change with time of the power consumption WL of the power load L. In FIG. 2, the output control period is from 9:00 to 15:00, and the designated control value α = 40 [%] is designated in the output control information. 2 shows a case where the rated output powers Ea and Eb of the PCSs 1a and 1b are at least equal to or less than the power generation capacities EGa and EGb of the solar cell strings PVa and PVb, respectively. The maximum value of the output control values Ua and Ub in a state where there is no output control instruction (0 to 9 o'clock and 15:00 to 24:00 outside the output control period) is 100 [%]. If the rated output powers Ea and Eb of the PCSs 1a and 1b are at least larger than the power generation capacities EGa and EGb of the solar cell strings PVa and PVb, the maximum values of the output control values Ua and Ub are the generated powers. Needless to say, the values are based on the power generation capacities EGa and EGb of WGa and WGb.

  In the surplus purchase system, power sale is permitted in the area below the thick solid line in FIG. 2 (in other words, the area between the thick solid line and the horizontal axis). In other words, when there is an output control instruction for the designated control value α [%], in the output control period, as a general rule, the allowable upper limit value UT is a designated upper limit based on the designated control value α, as from 9:00 to 10:00 in FIG. It is limited to the value UTα = {(α / 100) × (Eb + Ea)}. However, when the power consumption WL exceeds the specified upper limit value UTα as from 10:00 to 15:00 in FIG. 2, the power corresponding to the difference is generated from the power generation PCS 1a and the composite PCS 1b as shown by the hatched portion in FIG. Further output is allowed. That is, in this case, the allowable upper limit value UT is the same value as the power consumption WL. Hereinafter, the allowable upper limit value UT having the same value as the power consumption WL is referred to as a consumption upper limit value UTβ.

  Note that, when the temporal change of the allowable upper limit value UT, the power consumption WL, and the total generated power ΣWG is seen, the total generated power ΣWG and the allowable upper limit value UT are consumed at 9 to 10 in the output control period of FIG. It is larger than the power WL. That is, WL <UT = UTα <ΣWG. Therefore, in this time zone, the output upper limit value Ua of the output power WOa and the output upper limit value Ub of the output power WOb so that the allowable upper limit value UT becomes the specified upper limit value UTα = {(α / 100) × (Eb + Ea)}. Is limited based on the instruction control value α.

  Further, in the output control period from 10:00 to 14:30, the allowable upper limit value UT is set to the same value as the power consumption WL, and the total generated power ΣWG is larger than the power consumption WL. That is, UT = UTβ = WL <ΣWG. Therefore, in this time zone, the photovoltaic power generation system 100 adjusts the output upper limit value Ua of the output power WOa and the output upper limit value Ub of the output power WOb so that the allowable upper limit value UT is the same value as the power consumption WL. The

  In addition, from 14:30 to 15:00 in the output control period, the allowable upper limit value UT is set to the same value as the power consumption WL, and the total generated power ΣWG is smaller than the power consumption WL. That is, UT = WL> ΣWG. Therefore, in this time zone, the photovoltaic power generation system 100 cannot supply the same power as the power consumption WL to the power load L only with the total generated power ΣWG. That is, even if the power generation PCS 1a and the composite PCS 1b output the conversion control value Xb and the conversion control value Xa as 100%, the power consumption WL is insufficient. Therefore, the solar power generation system 100 purchases power by supplying insufficient power from the commercial power system CS.

  Next, the power management process of the PCS 1 performed by the controller 3 in order to perform the above-described power control when the photovoltaic power generation system 100 receives an output control instruction will be described. FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the power management process of the controller 3 in the surplus purchase system. The processing in FIG. 3 is started when, for example, the information control unit 361 acquires the output control information or the content of the output control instruction is input by the user to the input unit 32.

  The management unit 365 reads the output control information from the storage unit 35, and acquires the schedule of the output control period set in the output control information and the instruction control value α in each output control period (S101). The timer 364 acquires the current date and time, and determines whether or not the latest output control period has been reached (S102). When it is not determined that the output control period has been reached (NO in S102), the management unit 365 sets the conversion control values Xa and Xb of the PCSs 1a and 1b to 100 [%] (S103). Under the control of the management unit 365, the communication unit 33 notifies the PCSs 1a and 1b of the conversion control values Xa and Xb (S104). Then, the process returns to S101.

  When it is determined that the output control period has been reached (YES in S102), the power monitoring unit 362 detects the power receiving point power Wr and the power consumption WL based on the detection result of the watt-hour meter M (S105), and It is determined whether the power receiving point power Wr is greater than 0 [W] (that is, power purchase) (S106).

  When power purchase (Wr> 0) (YES in S106), the power monitoring unit 362 determines whether or not the power consumption WL is equal to or greater than the sum ΣEn = (Ea + Eb) of the rated output powers Ea and Eb of the PCSs 1a and 1b. Is determined (S107). When WL ≧ ΣEn (YES in S107), the management unit 365 sets the conversion control values Xa and Xb of each PCS1 to 100 [%] (S108). Then, in order to notify each PCS 1 of the conversion control values Xa and Xb, the process proceeds to S120 described later. On the other hand, if WL ≧ ΣEn is not satisfied (NO in S107), a private consumption control process is performed (S200), and the process returns to S101. The self-consumption control process includes the following power management process. That is, the management unit 365 sets the output upper limit values Un−1,... Based on the instruction control value α in the PCS 1n−1,. Determination process for determining whether or not the power purchase can be stopped (that is, the receiving point power Wr supplied from the commercial power system CS can be set to 0) by adjusting the second output upper limit value Un set in the second PCS 1n. To implement. When determining that the power purchase cannot be stopped in the determination process, the management unit 365 sets the rated output power En of the PCS 1n in the rank n as the output upper limit value Un, and then lowers the rank n by 1 and repeats the determination process. carry out. In addition, when determining that the power purchase can be stopped in the determination process, the management unit 365 sets the adjusted output upper limit value Un to the PCS 1n of the rank n. When the output power WOn output from the PCS 1n in the rank n after the setting of the output upper limit value Un is less than the power threshold (PCS control time ta described later) becomes equal to or greater than the time threshold Ta, the management unit 365 further sets the rank n. And the above power processing is performed again. Further details of the private consumption control process will be described in detail later with reference to FIG.

  If it is not a power purchase (NO in S106), the timer 364 acquires the current date and time and determines whether or not the current time is within the transient control time Tγ (S110). That is, the timer 364 determines whether or not the current time is within the first transient control time Tγ1 starting from the start point of the output control period, or within the second transient control time Tγ2 starting from the end point of the output control period. Determine whether. The time lengths of the first and second transient control times Tγ1 and Tγ2 may be the same or different. When it is not determined that it is within the transient control time Tγ (NO in S110), the management unit 365 sets the instruction control value α as the output control value A. And a process progresses to S114 mentioned later. On the other hand, when it is determined that it is within the transient control time Tγ (YES in S110), the calculation unit 363 calculates the transient control value based on the output control period, the current date and time, the transient control time Tγ, the instruction control value α, and the like. γ (α <γ <100) is calculated (S112). The management unit 365 sets the transient control value γ as the output control value A (S113). Then, the management unit 365 sets the output control value A [%] for the conversion control values Xa and Xb of each PCS 1 (S114), and the process proceeds to S120.

  Next, under the control of the management unit 365, the communication unit 33 notifies the PCSs 1a and 1b of the conversion control values Xa and Xb (S120). The timer 364 acquires the current date and time and determines whether or not the output control period has ended (S121). If it is determined that the output control period has ended (YES in S121), the process returns to S101. On the other hand, when it is not determined that the output control period has ended (NO in S121), the process returns to S105.

  Next, details of the private consumption control process in S200 of FIG. 3 will be described. FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the private consumption control process.

  First, the management unit 365 confirms the PCS 1 that can control power during operation (that is, the power generation PCS 1a and the combined PCS 1b), and sets the priority order of the PCS 1 (S201). And the management part 365 sets the variable n which shows the order | rank of PCS1 of control object to 1 (S202). The timer 364 sets the PCS control time ta and the control interval time tb to 0 and starts measuring time (S203). The PCS control time ta is a device control period for performing power control of the PCS 1 of rank n. As will be described later, the output power WOn output from the PCS 1n of rank n after the time when the output upper limit value Un is set is It is also a period (output shortage period) that is less than the power threshold. The control interval time tb is an effective period of the priority order set in S201, and is also a power management period that has elapsed since the last priority order was set.

  Next, the timer 364 acquires the current date and time, and determines whether or not the current time is within the transient control time Tγ (S204). When it is not determined that it is within the transient control time Tγ (NO in S204), the management unit 365 sets the instruction control value α to the output control value A (S205). And a process progresses to S208 mentioned later. On the other hand, when it is determined that it is within the transient control time Tγ (YES in S204), the calculation unit 363, based on the output control period, the current date and time, the transient control time Tγ, the instruction control value α [%], etc. A transient control value γ [%] (α <γ <100) is calculated (S206). The management unit 365 sets the transient control value γ as the output control value A (S207), and the process proceeds to S208.

  Next, the management unit 365 sets the output control value A [%] to the conversion control value Xn−1,... Of the PCS 1 having the (n−1) th or higher priority (S208). That is, if n = 1, the output control value A [%] is set to the conversion control value Xb of the PCS 1b with the second priority or higher. Note that if n = 2, there is no PCS1 with a priority higher than that, and the process of S208 is omitted.

  Whether or not the management unit 365 can cancel the power purchase and set the receiving point power Wr = 0 by adjusting the conversion control value Xn of the PCS 1 with the priority n to a value within the range of 100 [%] or less. Is determined (S209). For example, the management unit 365 determines whether or not the determination formula {Xna + χ × 100 × (Wr / ΣU)} ≦ 100 [%] is satisfied. In the determination formula, Xna is a conversion control value that is actually set at the determination time of the PCS 1 with the nth priority. χ is a variable set to a value within a predetermined numerical range (for example, 0 to 9.9), and is set to 1.0 which is an initial value at the time of factory shipment in the present embodiment. The variable χ can be changed for each PCS using the setting information stored in the storage unit 35 of the controller 3 and is updated by restarting the PCS 1 and the controller 3. ΣU is the sum of the output upper limit values U of each PCS 1. In the present embodiment, the rated output power Ea of the power generation PCS 1a is larger than the power generation capacity EGa of the first solar cell string PVa, and the rated output power Eb of the composite PCS 1b is larger than the power generation capacity EGb of the second solar cell string PVb. Therefore, ΣU = Σ (Xn × En) = {(Xa × Ea) + (Xb × Eb)}.

  When it is determined that the power receiving point power Wr = 0 can be set (YES in S209), the management unit 365 sets the conversion control value Xn of the PCS 1 having the nth priority to a value that makes the power receiving point power Wr = 0 ( S210). And a process progresses to S215 mentioned later.

  When it is not determined that the power receiving point power Wr = 0 can be set (NO in S209), the management unit 365 sets the conversion control value Xn of the PCS1 with the priority nth to 100 [%] (S211), and the priority n Is determined to be lowest (S212). When it is not determined that the priority order n is the lowest (NO in S212), the management unit 365 adds 1 to the variable n (S213), and the timer 364 clears the PCS control time ta (that is, sets it to 0). Timekeeping is resumed (S214). Then, the process returns to S208. If it is determined that the priority n is the lowest (YES in S212), the process proceeds to S215.

  Next, under the control of the management unit 365, the communication unit 33 notifies each PCS 1 of the conversion control values Xn, Xn-1,... (S215). That is, the conversion control value Xa is notified to the power generation PCS 1a, and the conversion control value Xb is notified to the composite PCS 1b. Then, the timer 364 acquires the current date and time and determines whether or not the output control period has ended (S216). If it is determined that the output control period has ended (YES in S216), the process of FIG. 4 ends to return to the process of S101 of FIG.

  When it is not determined that the output control period has ended (NO in S216), the power monitoring unit 362 detects the power reception point power Wr and the power consumption WL based on the detection result of the watt-hour meter M (S217), and the power reception It is determined whether the point power Wr is less than 0 [W] (that is, power sale) (S218). If the power is sold (Wr <0) (YES in S218), the management unit 365 sets the conversion control values Xa and Xb of each PCS1 to the output control value A [%] and notifies each PCS1 (S219). . Then, the process returns to S201.

  When it is not the power sale (NO in S218), the management unit 365 determines that the output power WOn of the PCS 1n with the n-th priority is (100-Q) [%] of the output upper limit value Un = (Xn × En) of the PCS 1n. It is determined whether it is less than (S220). That is, a value obtained by multiplying the first output upper limit value Un by a predetermined ratio (100-Q) [%] larger than 0 and smaller than 1 is used as a power threshold, and the output power WOn is equal to the power threshold {Un × (100-Q). / 100} is determined. If WOn <{Un × (100−Q) / 100} (YES in S220), the process proceeds to S222 described later. On the other hand, when WOn <{Un × (100−Q) / 100} is not satisfied (NO in S220), the timer 364 clears the PCS control time ta (that is, sets it to 0) and restarts time measurement (S221). Then, the process proceeds to S222.

  The Q is a ratio that can be arbitrarily set within the range of 0 [%] <Q <100 [%]. However, if the ratio Q is too small, the PCS control time ta is likely to be cleared frequently. If the ratio Q is too large, the PCS control time ta is difficult to be cleared. Therefore, in this embodiment, the ratio Q is set to about 10 [%].

  Next, the timer 364 determines whether or not the control interval time tb is less than a time threshold Tb (eg, 3600 [sec]) (S222). If tb <Tb is not satisfied (NO in S222), the process returns to S201 to reset the priority order of each PCS1. If tb <Tb (YES in S222), the timer 364 further determines whether or not the PCS control time ta is equal to or greater than the time threshold Ta (<Tb, for example, 300 [sec]) (S223). If ta ≧ Ta is not satisfied (NO in S223), the process returns to S204.

  When ta ≧ Ta (YES in S223), the calculation unit 363 calculates the average control value Xnm (S224). The average control value Xnm is, for example, the first conversion control value Xn1 = (WOn1 / En) based on the last detected first instantaneous output power WOn1, and the second instantaneous output power WOn1 detected one time before. Conversion control value Xn2 = (WOn2 / En) based on the above. Alternatively, the average control value Xnm may be a conversion control value corresponding to the average power value Wnm of the first and second instantaneous output powers WOn1 and WOn2. The first instantaneous output power WOn1 is the output power WOn of the PCS 1n of the rank n detected last when the PCS control time ta reaches the time threshold Ta. Further, the second instantaneous output power WOn2 is the output power WOn of the PCS 1n in the rank n detected once before the detection of the first instantaneous output power WOn1. When performing the above calculation, the decimal part may be rounded down. The calculation method of the average control value Xnm is not particularly limited, but a calculation average, a geometric average, or the like can be used.

  Next, the management unit 365 sets the average control value Xnm to the conversion control value Xn of the PCS 1n whose priority is nth and notifies the PCS1 (S225), and whether or not the nth priority is lowest. Is determined (S226). If it is determined that the priority n is the lowest (YES in S226), the process returns to S201.

  When it is not determined that the priority n is the lowest (NO in S226), the management unit 365 adds 1 to the variable n (S227), and the timer 364 clears the PCS control time ta (that is, sets it to 0). Timekeeping is resumed (S228). Then, the process proceeds to S204.

  In the process of FIG. 4 described above, the average control value Xnm is calculated in S224 and S225, and the average control value Xnm is set as the conversion control value Xn of the PCS1n with the priority order. The present invention is not limited to this illustration. Instead of S224 and S225, a process of setting 100 [%] to the conversion control value Xn of the PCS 1n with the priority n and notifying the PCS 1 may be employed.

  Moreover, in the process of FIG.3 and FIG.4 demonstrated above, the case where the number of PCS1 which the photovoltaic power generation system 100 with which the photovoltaic power generation system 100 is equipped is two as shown in FIG. 1 is given is mentioned as an example. As described above, it goes without saying that the same control can be performed when the number of manageable PCSs 1 is three or more.

  Next, the power control process of the power generation PCS 1a that has received the notification of the conversion control value Xa will be described. FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the power control process of the power generation PCS 1a. First, when the communication unit 15a receives the conversion control value Xa (S301), the IC 17a outputs the ratio of the output power WOa output to the first conduction path Pa to the rated output power Ea of the power generation PCS 1a {100 × (WOa / Ea)} exceeds the conversion control value Xa (S302). When the ratio {100 × (WOa / Ea)} exceeds the conversion control value Xa (YES in S302), the output power WOa is reduced by reducing the power conversion amount in the inverter 12a (S303). . Then, the process returns to S301.

  On the other hand, if the ratio {100 × (WOa / Ea)} does not exceed the conversion control value Xa (NO in S302), whether or not the ratio {100 × (WOa / Ea)} is less than the conversion control value Xa. Is determined (S304). If the ratio {100 × (WOa / Ea)} is not less than the conversion control value Xa (YES in S304), the process directly returns to S301. When the ratio {100 × (WOa / Ea)} is less than the conversion control value Xa (YES in S304), the output power WOa is increased by increasing the power conversion amount in the inverter 12a (S305). ). Then, the process returns to S301.

  Next, the power control process of the composite PCS 1b that has received the notification of the conversion control value Xb will be described. FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the power control process of the composite PCS 1b.

  First, when the communication unit 15 receives the conversion control value Xb (S401), the IC 17 compares the ratio of the output power WOb output to the second conduction path Pb with respect to the rated output power Eb of the composite PCS 1b {100 × (WOb / Eb)} [%] is determined whether it exceeds the conversion control value Xb (S402). When the ratio {100 × (WOb / Eb)} exceeds the conversion control value Xb (YES in S402), the output power WOb is reduced by reducing the reverse conversion amount in the bidirectional inverter 12b (S403). . And a process progresses to S406 mentioned later.

  On the other hand, if the ratio {100 × (WOb / Eb)} does not exceed the conversion control value Xb (NO in S402), whether or not the ratio {100 × (WOb / Eb)} is less than the conversion control value Xb. Is determined (S404). If the ratio {100 × (WOb / Eb)} is not less than the conversion control value Xb (NO in S404), the process proceeds to S406. When the ratio {100 × (WOb / Eb)} is less than the conversion control value Xb (YES in S404), the output power WOb is increased by increasing the reverse conversion amount in the bidirectional inverter 12b. (S405). Then, the process proceeds to S406.

  Next, for example, when the output power WOb decreases in S403, surplus power may be generated in the generated power WGb. When there is surplus power, the bus voltage value of the bus line BL increases. Therefore, if the bus voltage value of the bus line BL is equal to or higher than the threshold value (YES in S406), the bidirectional DC / DC converter 14b performs charge conversion (S407). With this process, the power storage device S performs charging, and the process returns to S401.

  On the other hand, if the bus voltage value of the bus line BL is less than the threshold value (NO in S406), it is determined that there is no surplus power in the generated power WGb, and the bidirectional DC / DC converter 14b performs discharge conversion (S408). With this process, the power storage device S performs discharging, and the process returns to S401.

  Next, the power control of the photovoltaic power generation system 100 during the output control period in the surplus purchase system will be described in more detail with an operation example. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining an operation example of surplus purchase control of the photovoltaic power generation system 100. FIG. 7 shows an operation example before and after reaching the output control period. In FIG. 7, the power generation capacities EGa and EGb of the first and second solar cell strings PVa and PVb are both 4 [kW]. Unless otherwise specified, the generated power WGa and WGb of the first and second solar cell strings PVa and PVb are the same as the power generation capacities EGa and EGb. The rated output powers Ea and Eb of the power generation PCS 1a and the composite PCS 1b are both 4 [kW].

(First control example)
First, an example of power control in the first transient control time Tγ1 immediately after the start of the output control period will be described. The instruction control value α is 50 [%], the first transient control time is 5 [min], and the transient control value γ changes linearly with the elapsed time t1 from the start of the output control period. To do.

  First, when the photovoltaic power generation system 100 is in a power selling state immediately after the start of the first transient control time Tγ1, the conversion control values of the power generation PCS 1a and the combined PCS 1b are set to Xa = Xb = γ [%]. The

  At the elapsed time t1 = 1 [min], the transient control value γ = 90 “%”. At this time, if the power consumption WL is 7.6 [kW], when the transient control value γ is set to the conversion control values Xa and Xb, the photovoltaic power generation system 100 generates 0.4 [kW] from the commercial power system CS. You need to buy electricity. In this case, the power generation PCS 1a with the first priority can further increase the output power WOa by 0.4 [kW] when the conversion control value Xa is set to γ = 90 [%]. Therefore, if the conversion control value Xa is set to 100 [%], a state in which no power is purchased (Wr = 0) can be obtained. Therefore, Xa = 100 [%] is notified to the power generation PCS 1a. The composite PCS 1b having the second priority is notified of the same conversion control value Xb = 90 [%] as the transient control value γ.

  At the elapsed time t1 = 2 [min], the transient control value γ = 80 “%”. At this time, consider the case where the power consumption WL is reduced and the photovoltaic power generation system 100 sells 0.5 [kW] to the commercial power system CS. In this case, since the transient control value γ is set for the conversion control values Xa and Xb, Xa = Xb = 80 [%] is notified to the power generation PCS 1a and the composite PCS 1b.

  At the elapsed time t1 = 4 [min], the transient control value γ = 60 “%”. At this time, if the power consumption WL is 6.8 [kW], when the transient control value γ is set to the conversion control values Xa and Xb, the photovoltaic power generation system 100 generates 2.0 [kW] from the commercial power system CS. You need to buy electricity. In this case, the power generation PCS 1a with the first priority can further increase the output power WOa by only 1.6 [kW] in a state where the conversion control value Xa is set to γ = 60 [%]. That is, even if the conversion control value Xa is set to 100 [%], 0.4 [kW] is insufficient, and the power purchase of the solar power generation system 100 cannot be eliminated. Therefore, Xa = 100 [%] is notified to the power generation PCS 1a. Then, the target of the personal consumption control process moves to the composite PCS 1b with the second priority, and the conversion control value Xb is {γ + (χ × 100 × 0.4) / Eb} = 70 [%] (note that χ = 1.0) is notified to the composite PCS 1b.

  At the elapsed time t1 = 5 [min], the first transient control time Tγ1 ends and the transient control value γ = 50 “%”. At this time, when the photovoltaic power generation system 100 sells power to the commercial power system CS, since the transient control value γ is set in the conversion control values Xa and Xb, the power generation PCS 1a and the composite PCS 1b have Xa = Xb = 50 [%] is notified.

(Second control example)
Next, the power control process will be described in the period after the first transient control time Tγ1 has elapsed and before the second transient control time Tγ2 starts. During this period, the output control value A is set to a constant instruction control value α = 50 [%].

  When the power consumption WL is 6.0 [kW], when the output control value A = α is set to the conversion control values Xa and Xb, the photovoltaic power generation system 100 buys 2.0 [kW] from the commercial power system CS. I need to get electricity. In this case, the power generation PCS 1a with the first priority can further increase the output power Wa by 2.0 [kW]. Therefore, if the conversion control value Xa is set to 100 [%], a state in which no power is purchased (Wr = 0) can be obtained. Therefore, Xa = 100 [%] is notified to the power generation PCS 1a. The composite PCS 1b having the second highest priority is notified of the same conversion control value Xb = 50 [%] as the output control value A = α.

  Next, in the above-described state, that is, in the state of Xa = 100 [%], Xb = 50 [%], and power purchase (Wr = 2.0 [kW]), the time threshold Ta (for example, 300) related to the PCS control time ta Consider the case where [sec]) has elapsed and the output power WOa of the power generation PCS 1a is 2.2 [kW]. For example, when the output upper limit Un of the output power WOa is set to 4 [kW], but the generated power WGa of the power generation PCS 1a has peaked at 2.2 [kW] for reasons such as bad weather. is there. In this case, the power generation PCS 1a operates at 55 [%] in terms of the conversion control value Xa, but the output power WOa (= 2.2 [kW]) is the power threshold {Un × (100−Q) / 100} (= 3.6 [kW]). Here, it is assumed that the value Q relating to the power threshold is set to 10 [%]. That is, the output power WOa is smaller than (100−Q) = 90 [%] of the output upper limit value Ua (= 4 [kW]). Therefore, the conversion control value Xa of the power generation PCS 1a is the conversion control value Xa1 (= 55 [%]) based on the first instantaneous output power WOn1 detected last when the time threshold Ta has elapsed, and one time before that. The average control value Xam = 55 [%] with the conversion control value Xa2 (= 55 [%]) based on the detected second instantaneous output power WOn2 is set. Then, the target of the personal consumption control process moves to the composite PCS 1b with the second priority, and the conversion control value Xb is {α + (χ × 100 × 1.8) / Eb} = 95 [%] (note that χ = 1.0) is notified to the composite PCS 1b.

  In this state, that is, in the state of Xa = 55 [%], Xb = 95 [%], and power purchase (Wr = 2.0 [kW]), 10 [min] has elapsed, and the output of each PCS 1a, 1b Consider a case where the powers WOa and WOb are 2.2 [kW], respectively. In this case, since the order n to be controlled is already second (lowest), the conversion control values Xa and Xb are maintained.

  Further, when the control interval time tb (3600 [sec]) has passed, the priority order of the PCS1 that is subject to self-consumption control is reset, and the priority order of the control target is returned to the first power generation PCS1a. At this time, if the power consumption WL is 6.0 [kW], Xa = 100 [%] is notified to the power generation PCS 1a. The composite PCS 1b having the second highest priority is notified of the same conversion control value Xb = 50 [%] as the output control value A = α.

  When the power consumption WL is 7.0 [kW] five minutes after the priority is reset, when the output control value A = α is set for the conversion control values Xa and Xb, the photovoltaic power generation system 100 is commercial It is necessary to purchase 3.0 [kW] from the power system CS. In this case, the power generation PCS 1a having the first priority can further increase the output power WOa by only 2.0 [kW]. That is, even if the conversion control value Xa is set to 100 [%], 1.0 [kW] is insufficient, and the power purchase of the solar power generation system 100 cannot be eliminated. Therefore, Xa = 100 [%] is notified to the power generation PCS 1a. Then, the target of the personal consumption control process moves to the composite PCS 1b having the second priority, and the conversion control value Xb is {α + (χ × 100 × 1.0) / Eb} = 75 [%] (note that χ = 1.0, Eb = 4.0) is notified to the composite type PCS 1b.

  When the solar power generation system 100 is in a power sale state 10 minutes after the priority order is reset, the conversion control values of the power generation PCS 1a and the combined PCS 1b are set to Xa = Xb = α [%]. .

(Third control example)
Next, a case where the instruction control value α is changed to 30 [%] when the output control value A is operating at a constant instruction control value α = 50 [%] will be described. In this case, the output control value A gradually changes from 50 [%] to 30 [%] according to the elapsed time. The power control process during the transient control time Tγ is the same as that in the first control example.

  When the power consumption WL is 3.4 [kW] in a period in which the output control value A is set to a constant instruction control value α = 30 [%], the output control value A = α Is set, it is necessary for the photovoltaic power generation system 100 to purchase 1.0 [kW] from the commercial power system CS. In this case, the power generation PCS 1a with the first priority can further increase the output power WOa by 2.8 [kW]. Therefore, the conversion control value Xa is set to {α + (χ × 100 × 1.0) / Ea} = 55 [%] (where χ = 1.0) and is notified to the power generation PCS 1a. The composite PCS 1b having the second highest priority is notified of the same conversion control value Xb = 30 [%] as the output control value A = α.

  Further, when the power consumption WL is 7.4 [kW], when the output control value A = α is set to the conversion control values Xa and Xb, the photovoltaic power generation system 100 is 5.0 [kW] from the commercial power system CS. Need to buy electricity. In this case, the power generation PCS 1a with the first priority can further increase the output power WOa only by 2.8 [kW] when the conversion control value Xa is set to α = 30 [%]. That is, even if the conversion control value Xa is set to 100 [%], 2.2 [kW] is insufficient, and the power purchase of the solar power generation system 100 cannot be eliminated. Therefore, Xa = 100 [%] is notified to the power generation PCS 1a. Then, the target of the self-consumption control process moves to the composite PCS 1b having the second priority, and the conversion control value Xb is {α + (χ × 100 × 2.2) / Eb} = 85 [%] (note that χ = 1.0) is notified to the composite PCS 1b.

  Also, consider a case where the power consumption WL is 9.4 [kW] and the photovoltaic power generation system 100 is purchasing 7.0 [kW] from the commercial power system CS. In this case, the power consumption WL exceeds the sum ΣU = (Ea + Eb) = 8 [kW] of the output control target values of each PCS1. Therefore, Xa = 100 [%] is notified to the power generation PCS 1a, and Xb = 100 [%] is notified to the composite PCS 1b. The shortage of 1.4 [kW] is purchased.

  In the present embodiment, when the power consumption WL exceeds the specified upper limit value UTα during the output control period in the surplus purchase system, the power purchase from the commercial power system CS is canceled and the receiving point power Wr = 0. Although the configuration has been described, the present invention is not limited to this example. In this case, the power purchased (that is, the receiving point power Wr> 0) may be set to a predetermined value or less. This predetermined value is a value larger than 0 [W], for example. Such a configuration determines, for example, whether or not the power receiving point power Wr (> 0) can be made equal to or lower than a predetermined value in S209 of FIG. 4, and in S210 of FIG. 4, the conversion control value Xn of the PCS1 having the nth priority order. Can be realized by setting the power receiving point power Wr (> 0) to a value equal to or less than a predetermined value.

  According to the present embodiment described above, the power management device 3 is connected between the power generation path PV connected to the power system CS and the power load L and the power generation device PV, and controls the power generation device PV. Based on the detection result of the power detector M provided at the power receiving point on the energization path P, and a management unit 365 that manages a plurality of power control devices 1 that can be interconnected with the power system CS based on the output control information. A power detection unit 362 that detects a power receiving point power Wr flowing through the point. In the output control information, an output control period indicating a period for limiting the output power WO of the plurality of power control apparatuses 1 is set. The management unit 365 performs power management processing when the power receiving point power Wr is supplied from the power system CS to the energization path P during the output control period. In the power management process, the management unit 365 sets the upper limit of the first output power WOn output by the first power control device 1n having a predetermined priority order n (nth) for each power control device 1. When the power receiving point power Wr (> 0) supplied from the power system CS can be reduced to a predetermined value (for example, 0 [W]) or less by adjusting the first output upper limit value Un indicating the adjusted first output upper limit value After setting Un to the first power control device 1n and setting the first output upper limit value Un, the first output power WOn is less than the power threshold {Un × (100−Q) / 100} (where 0 <Q < 100) When the output shortage period ta becomes equal to or greater than the first time threshold Ta, the power management process is performed again with the predetermined rank n lowered by one.

  In the output control information, an instruction control value α indicating an upper limit of output power set in each power control apparatus in the output control period is further set. In the power management process described above, output control values Un-1,... Based on the instruction control value α are set in the power control devices 1n-1,.

  Further, the power management method by the power management device 3 is connected between the power supply path P connected to the power system CS and the power load L and the power generation device PV to control the power generation device PV and to communicate with the power system CS. A power management method for managing a power control apparatus 1 capable of system operation, and based on output control information in which an output control period indicating a period for limiting output power WO of a plurality of power control apparatuses 1 is set. And a step of detecting the power receiving point power Wr flowing through the power receiving point based on the detection result of the power detector M provided at the power receiving point on the energization path P. There is a step of performing a power management process when receiving point power Wr is supplied from the power system CS to the energization path P in the output control period, and the step of performing the power management process is performed on each power control device 1. In advance Supplied from the electric power system CS by adjusting the first output upper limit value Un indicating the upper limit of the first output power WOn output from the first power control device 1n having the predetermined priority order n (nth). When the received power point power Wr (> 0) to be set can be set to a predetermined value (for example, 0 [W]) or less, the adjusted first output upper limit value Un is set in the first power control device 1n, and the first output The output shortage period ta during which the first output power WOn is less than the power threshold {Un × (100−Q) / 100} (where 0 <Q <100) after the upper limit Un is set is the first time threshold Ta. If it becomes above, the step which lowers | hangs the predetermined order n by 1 and performs a power management process is included again.

  According to these configurations, at the time of power purchase, the first output upper limit value Un (that is, the upper limit value of the output power WOn that can reduce the power to be purchased to a predetermined value or less) is set in the power control device 1n in order of priority. Thus, it is possible to attempt to reduce the purchased power to a predetermined value or less. Even if the first output upper limit value Un is set, the actual output power WOn of the power control device 1n is set to the power threshold {Un × (100−Q) / 100 over a long period of time equal to or greater than the first time threshold Ta. } If not, it is possible to change the power control device 1 that is the target of the above attempt to the lower power control device 1n-1 and perform the above attempt again. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently reduce or eliminate power purchase from the power system CS during the output control period.

  Also, according to the present embodiment, in the power management apparatus 3, when the management unit 365 determines that the power receiving point power Wr cannot be made equal to or lower than the predetermined value by adjusting the first output upper limit value, the first power control apparatus After setting the smaller one of the rated output power En of 1n and the power generation capacity of the first power generation device PV connected to the first power control device 1n to the first power control device 1n as the first output upper limit value Un, The power management process is performed again by lowering the predetermined order n by one.

  According to this configuration, even if the first output upper limit value Un set in the power control device 1n of the predetermined rank n is adjusted, the first power point Wr supplied from the power system CS cannot be reduced to a predetermined value or less. The output upper limit Un can be set to the maximum value allowed in the output control period (that is, the smaller of the rated output power En and the power generation capacity of the first power generator PV). Therefore, the first output power WOn output from the power control device 1n can be utilized to the maximum. Furthermore, by changing the target to the lower (n-1) power control device 1n-1 and performing the power management process again, the shortage (power purchase) power that cannot be covered by the first output power WOn alone can be obtained. Attempts to bring it below the predetermined value can be made again.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, in the power management apparatus 3, the management unit 365 has the second output of the first power control apparatus 1n detected last when the output shortage period ta reaches the first time threshold Ta. A second output control value Xnm based on the power WOn1 and the third output power WOn2 of the first power control device 1n detected one time before the detection of the second output power WOn1 is set in the first power control device 1n. After that, the power management process is performed again by lowering the predetermined order n by one.

  According to this configuration, when the period ta during which the actual output power WOn is less than the power threshold {Un × (100−Q) / 100} continues for the first time threshold Ta or more, the power value close to the actual output power WOn. The second output control value Xnm corresponding to can be set. Thereafter, the power control apparatus 1 that is the target of the above attempt can be changed.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, in the power management apparatus 3, the power threshold {Un × (100−Q) / 100} is a predetermined ratio (100−Q) that is greater than 0 and smaller than 1 for the first output upper limit Un. ) Multiply by [%]. Note that Q is a ratio that can be arbitrarily set within a range of 0 [%] <Q <100 [%], and is set to about 10 [%], for example.

  According to this configuration, the power threshold {Un × (100−Q) / 100} can be set in consideration of the first output upper limit Un.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, in the power management apparatus 3, the management unit 365 causes each power control apparatus to operate when the power management period tb that has elapsed since the last priority setting is equal to or greater than the second time threshold value Tb. A priority of 1 is newly set.

  According to this configuration, each time the second time threshold value Tb elapses, the priority of each power control device 1 can be newly set and reviewed.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, in the power management apparatus 3, the management unit 365 newly sets the priority order of each power control apparatus 1 when the operating number N of the power control apparatus 1 increases or decreases.

  According to this configuration, the priority order can be set according to the operating state of each power control device 1 managed by the power management device 3.

  Moreover, according to this embodiment, in the power management device 3, the priority of the second power control device 1a to which the energy storage device S is not connected among the plurality of power control devices 1 is determined by the energy storage device S. It is set higher than the connected third power control apparatus 1b.

  According to this configuration, the priority order of the power control device 1a that has no possibility of storing the generated power WG in the energy storage device S can be set higher. In other words, the power control apparatus 1a that can output more generated power WG to the energization path P can be preferentially targeted for trying to reduce the power to be purchased to a predetermined value or less.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, in the power management apparatus 3, the priority is further set in the order of the rated output power E of each power control apparatus 1.

  According to this configuration, the priority of the power control apparatus 1 (that is, the power control apparatus 1 having a higher rated output power E) that is likely to be able to increase the output power WO can be set higher.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, in the power management apparatus 3, the priority order is further set in the order of the unique identification numbers assigned to the respective power control apparatuses 1.

  According to this configuration, the priority order can be set according to the device setting of the power control apparatus 1.

<Second Embodiment>
Next, a second embodiment will be described. In the second embodiment, the controller 3 is provided integrally with the composite PCS 1b. Hereinafter, a configuration different from the first embodiment will be described. Moreover, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure part similar to 1st Embodiment, and the description may be abbreviate | omitted.

  FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating another configuration example of the solar power generation system 100. In the photovoltaic power generation system 100 of FIG. 8, the composite PCS 1 b includes the controller 3, and includes a DC / DC converter 11 b, a bidirectional inverter 12 b, a smoothing capacitor 13 b, a bidirectional DC / DC converter 14 b, A display unit 31, an input unit 32, a communication unit 33, a communication I / F 34, a storage unit 35, and a CPU 36 are provided. The DC / DC converter 11b, the bidirectional inverter 12b, and the bidirectional DC / DC converter 14b are controlled by the CPU 36, respectively. The display unit 31, the input unit 32, the communication unit 33, the communication I / F 34, the storage unit 35, and the CPU 36 constitute a power management apparatus that controls and manages the power generation PCS 1a and the composite PCS 1b.

  In the present embodiment, the controller 3 is built in the composite PCS 1b. However, the controller 3 is not limited to this example, and the controller 3 may be provided in the power generation PCS 1a.

  According to the present embodiment described above, the power management device 3 is configured to be provided integrally with one of the first power control device 1a and the second power control device 1b.

  According to this configuration, one of the first power control device 1a and the second power control device 1b and the power management device 3 may not be provided separately. Therefore, the configuration of the system 100 including the first power control device 1a and the second power control device 2b (and the power management device 3) can be simplified.

<Third Embodiment>
Next, a third embodiment will be described. In the third embodiment, the distributed power source performs power generation using renewable energy other than sunlight (natural energy power generation such as wind, hydropower, geothermal, biomass, solar heat, waste power generation, etc.). Hereinafter, a configuration different from the first and second embodiments will be described. Moreover, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to 1st and 2nd embodiment, and the description may be abbreviate | omitted.

  Here, a wind power generation system 101 will be described as an example of a power generation system using renewable energy. The wind power generation system 101 is a distributed power source that supplies power by a power generation method using wind power.

  FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the wind power generation system 101. As shown in FIG. 9, the wind power generation system 101 includes a wind power generation device AG. The wind power generator AG includes a first wind power generator AGa and a second wind power generator AGb. Each wind power generator AGa, AGb includes, for example, a horizontal axis propeller type windmill (not shown) and a generator (not shown) driven by the rotation of the windmill. When the windmill blade receives wind, the windmill rotates. The rotational force is transmitted to the generator, and AC power is output from the generator as generated power. The first wind power generator AGa is connected to the AD / DC converter 18a of the power generation PCS 1a, and the second wind power generator AGb is connected to the AD / DC converter 18b of the composite PCS 1b.

  The power generation PCS 1a includes an AC / DC converter 18a in addition to the inverter 12a, the communication unit 15a, the memory 16a, and the IC 17a. The AC / DC converter 18a is provided between the first wind power generator AGa and the inverter 12a, converts AC generated power generated by the first wind power generator AGa into DC power, and outputs the DC power to the inverter 12a. The AC / DC converter 18a also functions as a backflow prevention device that prevents a reverse current from flowing through the first wind power generator AGa.

  The composite PCS 1b includes an AC / DC converter 18b in addition to the bidirectional inverter 12b, the smoothing capacitor 13b, the bidirectional DC / DC converter 14b, the communication unit 15b, the memory 16b, and the IC 17b. The AC / DC converter 18b, the bidirectional inverter 12b, and the bidirectional DC / DC converter 14b are connected to each other via a bus line BL. The AC / DC converter 18b is provided between the second wind power generator AGb and the bus line BL, converts AC generated power generated by the second wind power generator AGb into DC power, and outputs the DC power to the bus line BL. The AC / DC converter 18b also functions as a backflow prevention device that prevents a reverse current from flowing through the second wind power generator AGb.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described above. The above-described embodiment is an exemplification, and various modifications can be made to the combination of each component and each process, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that it is within the scope of the present invention.

  For example, in the first to third embodiments described above, at least some or all of the functional components 361 to 365 of the ICs 17a and 17b and the CPU 36 are physical components (for example, electric circuits, elements, Etc.).

  In the first to third embodiments described above, the photovoltaic power generation system 100 includes the power generation PCS 1a to which the energy storage device is not connected and the composite PCS 1b to which the energy storage device (power storage device S) is connected. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. The solar power generation system 100 may be configured to include a plurality of three or more PCSs 1. Furthermore, PCS1 should just be the structure which consists of at least one of PCS1a to which an energy storage device is not connected, and PCS1b to which an energy storage device (for example, electrical storage device S) is connected. That is, PCS1 may be comprised by PCS1a to which an energy storage device is connected, and PCS1b to which an energy storage device is connected like the above-mentioned 1st-3rd embodiment. Or PCS1 may be comprised only by PCS1a to which an energy storage device is not connected, and may be comprised only by PCS1b to which an energy storage device is connected.

100 Solar Power Generation System 101 Wind Power Generation System 1 PCS (Power Conditioner)
1a PCS for power generation
1b Composite PCS
11a, 11b DC / DC converter 12a inverter 12b bidirectional inverter 13b smoothing capacitor 14b bidirectional DC / DC converter 15a, 15b communication unit 16a, 16b memory 17a, 17b IC
18a, 18b AC / DC converter 3 Controller 31 Display unit 32 Input unit 33 Communication unit 34 Communication I / F
35 Memory 36 CPU
361 Information Acquisition Unit 362 Power Monitoring Unit 363 Calculation Unit 364 Timer 365 Management Unit CS Commercial Power System L Power Load NT Network M Energy Meter BL Bus Line PV Solar Cell String AG Wind Power Generation Device S Power Storage Device P Current Path

Claims (10)

Based on the output control information, a plurality of power control devices that are connected between the power system and the power supply path connected to the power load and the power generation device to control the power generation device and can be interconnected with the power system are managed. A management unit, and a power detection unit that detects power reception point power flowing through the power reception point based on a detection result of a power detector provided at a power reception point on the current path,
In the output control information, an output control period indicating a period for limiting the output power of the plurality of power control devices is set,
The management unit performs power management processing when the power receiving point power is supplied from the power system to the energization path in the output control period,
In the power management process, the management unit has a first output upper limit value indicating an upper limit of the first output power output by the first power control device whose priority order set in advance for each of the power control devices is a predetermined order. When the receiving point power supplied from the power system can be reduced to a predetermined value or less by adjusting the power, the adjusted first output upper limit value is set in the first power control device, and the first output upper limit value is set to A power management apparatus that lowers the predetermined rank by one and performs the power management process again when an output shortage period in which the first output power becomes less than a power threshold after the set time becomes equal to or greater than a first time threshold.   In the power management process, when the management unit determines that the power receiving point power cannot be equal to or less than the predetermined value by adjusting the first output upper limit value, the rated output power of the first power control device and the power output power After the smaller one of the power generation capacities of the first power generators connected to the first power controller is set as the first output upper limit value in the first power controller, the predetermined rank is lowered by one and the power The power management apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the management process is performed again.   When the output shortage period becomes equal to or greater than the first time threshold, the management unit detects the second output power of the first power control device that was last detected when the output shortage period reached the first time threshold. And a second output control value based on the third output power of the first power control device detected one time before the detection of the second output power is set in the first power control device, the predetermined power The power management apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power management process is performed again by lowering the rank by one.   The power management apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power threshold is a value obtained by multiplying the first output upper limit value by a predetermined ratio that is greater than 0 and less than 1. 5.   The said management part newly sets the said priority of each said power control apparatus, if the power management period which passed since the time when the said priority was set last becomes more than a 2nd time threshold value. Item 5. The power management apparatus according to any one of Items 4.   The power management device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the management unit newly sets the priority of each of the power control devices when the number of operating power control devices increases or decreases.   The priority order of the second power control device to which the energy storage device is not connected among the plurality of power control devices is set higher than the third power control device to which the energy storage device is connected. The power management apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6.   The power management apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the priority order is further set in order of magnitude of rated output power of each of the power control apparatuses.   The power management apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the priority is further set in the order of unique identification numbers assigned to the power control apparatuses. It is a power management method for managing a power control device that is connected between a power path and a power generation device connected to a power system and a power load and controls the power generation device and can be interconnected with the power system.
Managing a plurality of the power control devices based on output control information in which an output control period indicating a period for limiting the output power of the plurality of power control devices is set;
Detecting power receiving point power flowing through the power receiving point based on a detection result of a power detector provided at a power receiving point on the energization path, and
The managing step includes a step of performing a power management process when the power receiving point power is supplied from the power system to the energization path in the output control period,
The step of performing the power management process includes:
Supplied from the power system by adjusting the first output upper limit value indicating the upper limit of the first output power output by the first power control device whose priority order set in advance for each of the power control devices is a predetermined order. When the received power at the receiving point can be set to a predetermined value or less, the adjusted first output upper limit value is set in the first power control device;
If the output shortage period in which the first output power is less than the power threshold after the time when the first output upper limit value is set is equal to or greater than the first time threshold, the power management process is performed with the predetermined order lowered by one. A step where the step is performed again;
Power management method including.

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