JP6572485B2 - Coke oven construction method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for dismantling a part or all of an aged coke oven or constructing a new coke oven.

  Coke ovens have a long life of 30 to 50 years, but during this time, parts with high wear such as carbonization chambers are prolonged by partially repairing them.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses repairing a transshipment portion of a heating wall of a coke oven using a large module brick formed integrally. This module brick is formed integrally with a flue that forms the combustion chamber of the coke oven and the wall surface of the carbonization chamber, and is prefabricated with an irregular refractory. In this repair work using modular bricks, conventional bricks with larger dimensions are used as single bricks, so the repair work time in the coke oven can be shortened and the workload can be reduced. It is said that.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, a wall body to be repaired is divided into a plurality of laminated portions, and a refractory assembly in which a plurality of bricks are combined in a shape that matches each laminated portion is manufactured outside the furnace. A repair method is disclosed in which a wall body is constructed with the refractory aggregate after dismantling and removing the body repair portion. Using a refractory unit (brick) that is easy to manufacture and handle by workers, a refractory assembly according to the size and shape of the dismantled part and the remaining part is produced outside the furnace in a good environment. It is said that the refractory assembly can be manufactured easily and accurately, and the working time in the furnace is shortened.

  However, if the coke oven is further deteriorated, there is a problem that the cost for repair as described above becomes very high. In such a case, an old coke oven is demolished in units of several to tens of gates, and a new coke oven is constructed. Even in this case, the production amount of steel in the factory must be maintained, and in order to minimize the purchase of coke during this period, it is desirable that the repair period, that is, the construction period is as short as possible.

  Conventionally, when a coke oven is newly constructed, from the lowest hearth 1 to the sole flue portion 2, the heat storage chamber 3, the bellows portion 4, the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber 5, and the furnace top portion 6 (see FIG. 8), The bricks were constructed by stacking them one by one in order. At this time, after the hearth 1 and the sole flue portion 2 were constructed with brick, the heat storage chamber 3, the partition wall inside thereof and the brick brick were constructed with brick simultaneously.

  However, in such a conventional method for constructing a coke oven, since the number of partition walls and jitter bricks is very large, this work process takes time, and as a result, there is a problem that the entire construction period becomes long. Furthermore, during the construction of the coke oven, mortar waste and other waste generated by removing the mortar protruding from the joint between the bricks are generated. These garbage generated during the construction of the carbonization chamber, combustion chamber, and furnace top bricks pass through the bellows and gas ports in the bellows and fall down to the glitter bricks. There is a problem that mortar waste or garbage enters the gap and becomes clogged. The need for extra work to prevent this and to clean it was also the cause of the longer construction period.

  As described above, the conventional method of building a coke oven in which bricks are stacked in order from the bottom has a limit in shortening the construction period.

JP-A-4-213388 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-19968

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a coke oven that can shorten the construction period when constructing a coke oven.

According to the present invention, in the method for constructing a coke oven, a refractory block is provided on at least a hearth, a sole flue, a heat storage chamber, and a bellows portion on the foundation of the coke oven, excluding the partition wall and the glitter brick in the heat storage chamber. There is provided a method for constructing a coke oven characterized in that after the construction is performed , the construction work of the partition wall in the heat storage chamber and the brick brick is performed in parallel with the other construction work .

  In the present invention, as the refractory block for constructing the hearth, the sole flue part, the heat storage chamber and the bellows part, it is possible to use a large block having a shape obtained by dividing the coke oven in the furnace length direction and / or the height direction. Preferably, the carbonization chamber, the combustion chamber, and the furnace top are also constructed using the same large block.

  The coke oven foundation is a base portion for constructing a refractory for a coke oven, and is a base portion made of concrete, general building bricks or blocks.

According to the present invention, since the construction work of the partition wall in the heat storage chamber and the glitter brick can be performed simultaneously with other construction work, the construction period can be shortened.

  In addition, if large blocks are used, the joints generated at the construction site will be significantly reduced by construction, and the work for cleaning the joints will also be greatly reduced, so the construction period can be further shortened and gas leaks can also be reduced. it can.

It is a perspective view of the large sized block used for construction of a hearth, a sole flue part, and a thermal storage room (part). It is a perspective view which shows an example of the large sized block used for construction of a thermal storage chamber (remaining part). It is a perspective view which shows an example of the large sized block used for construction of a bellows part. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the large sized block used for construction of a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber. It is an example of the perspective view of the large sized block used for construction of a furnace top part. It is a perspective view which shows the other example of the large sized block used for construction of a bellows part. It is a perspective view which shows the other example of the large sized block used for construction of a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber. It is a section perspective conceptual view of a part of a chamber type coke oven.

In the present invention, after the construction of the hearth, the sole flue portion, the heat storage chamber, and the bellows portion is completed, the partition wall and the glitter brick in the heat storage chamber are applied. By adopting such a construction order, the construction work of the partition wall in the heat storage chamber and the brick bricks is another construction work, that is, the construction work of the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber and the top of the furnace, as well as the riser pipe, charging carriage rail Since it can be performed in parallel with the back stay and the mounting work of the kiln fitting, the construction period can be greatly shortened.

  In addition, when constructing the partition wall and the glitter brick in the heat storage chamber, an operator enters in the furnace length direction of the heat storage chamber and constructs the partition wall and the glitter brick. At this time, for example, the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber Even if it is performed in parallel, since there is a bellows part, objects do not fall into the heat storage chamber from above, and the worker can work safely in the heat storage chamber.

  In addition, construction of the partition wall in the heat storage chamber and the brick is done after construction to the bellows part, after construction of the carbonization chamber and combustion chamber is finished, or after construction of the carbonization chamber, combustion chamber and furnace top is finished. You can also. In any case, the installation work of the riser pipe, charging cart rail, backstay, and kiln fittings can be performed in parallel with the partition wall in the heat storage chamber and the construction of the glitter brick. Can do.

  In the present invention, the hearth, the sole flue, the heat storage chamber and the bellows, the carbonization chamber and the heat storage, and the furnace top are preferably constructed in large blocks.

  In the present invention, the “large block” is a refractory block having a shape obtained by dividing a coke oven in the furnace length direction and / or the height direction. As a specific example, a pre-lining block, a pre-cast block, or an integral unit thereof A compound. The “pre-lining block” is an aggregate of bricks (refractory block) in which a plurality of bricks are joined through mortar or the like at a location different from the coke oven. The “precast block” is a refractory block that is formed by filling a mold with an irregular refractory, molded, de-framed, and dried.

  The larger the unit of division, the less the worker's scaffold during construction and the shorter the construction period. However, it is possible to divide into an appropriate size according to the manufacturing equipment, construction work environment, etc. it can.

  For example, in the furnace length direction, it can be divided into one piece or two pieces or more in units of flue. In this way, since the large block has almost the same shape in the furnace top direction, manufacturing management of the block becomes easy.

  In the height direction, for example, the hearth, the hearth and the sole flue, the hearth and the sole flue and a part of the heat storage chamber, the heat storage chamber, the bellows part, the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber, and the top of the furnace, respectively. It can be divided into one or more. In this case, since the shape of the large block is similar, the manufacturing management of the block becomes easy.

  When constructing large blocks in a coke oven, they are joined to other blocks via mortar. As a mortar, the well-known mortar used at the time of brick construction in a coke oven or other molten metal containers can be used. At this time, if unevenness is provided on the joint surfaces of the large blocks, the large blocks can be joined easily and firmly.

  As described above, as the large block, a pre-lining block, a pre-cast block, or an integrated product obtained by integrating the pre-lining block and the pre-cast block can be used. When an aggregate is manufactured in advance with a plurality of bricks, a known mortar used at the time of brick construction in a coke oven or other molten metal containers can be used. Furthermore, by using a mortar with high adhesive strength, it is possible to prevent the joint portion from being opened during conveyance. For example, a mortar made of silicic acid bond can be used.

  By using such a large block and constructing the hearth, the sole flue portion, the heat storage chamber, and the bellows portion, the working scaffold can be reduced when constructing these. The installation and removal of this scaffold requires a great deal of time, but if a large block is used, the scaffold can be reduced and the construction period can be shortened. In addition to the hearth, the sole flue, the heat storage chamber, and the bellows, the construction period can be further shortened by using a large block for the construction of the carbonization chamber, the combustion chamber, and the furnace top.

  Furthermore, by using large blocks, the mortar joints at the time of coke oven construction are greatly reduced compared to the case where conventional bricks are stacked one by one. The removal work can be reduced. Moreover, the clogging of the gas port and the hole of the glitter brick due to these residues can be greatly reduced. As a result, it is possible to significantly shorten the work time for cleaning mortar scraps and the like, which has been conventionally performed, leading to a shortened construction period. In addition, since the bricks can be joined together under sufficient management in advance, the accuracy of joint thickness management can be increased, the possibility of gas leakage from the joint portion is reduced, and safety is increased.

  Here, at the time of coke extrusion work in the coke oven, the end kiln portions on the pusher side and the coke side are more easily damaged by thermal spalling than the central portion of the kiln. Therefore, as a large block used for the construction of the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber, an integrated product in which the end kiln portions on the pusher side and the coke side are precast blocks and the central portion of the kiln is integrated as a prelining block is used. It is preferable. As a result, it is possible to minimize the peeling and cracking caused by the joint portion, thereby extending the life and reducing the frequency of repairing the kiln.

  When constructing using large blocks or transporting large blocks, this large block will be lifted, but if it consists of a pre-lining block or multiple precast blocks, there will be cracks in the joints. There is also a risk that it will occur or the refractory will leave the joint and collapse partially. Then, the side of a large sized block can be restrained with a shrink film and / or a band especially for the purpose of preventing the joint from opening when it is lifted. Since the shrink film and the band restrain the side surface of the block, the joint portion can be prevented from opening and the brick can be prevented from collapsing.

  The main purpose of shrink film is to reinforce joints such as when lifting large blocks, so it is more effective to cover the surfaces including joints where the most stress is applied. Alternatively, the entire surface of the large block can be covered. Similarly, the band is more effective by being provided on the surface including the joint portion where the stress is most applied to the large block, but in addition to this, the band can be provided at several places in the height direction. A band may be provided from the bottom surface other than the side surface of the block to the top surface.

  The shrink film is generally used for packaging, and a synthetic resin film that shrinks by heat can be used. The band may be a metal band or a plastic band. As this band, a general packaging band can be used. Further, after forming a band, the band may be covered with a shrink film. The band and the shrink film may be removed immediately after the construction, but there is no problem because the band or the shrink film made of synthetic resin disappears due to the heat at the time of temperature rise even with the band attached.

  Further, instead of the shrink film, an organic coating layer can be formed so as to include a joint portion on the surface of the large block. In a large block having a mortar joint, when the large block is transferred, a tensile stress is applied to the mortar joint, so that the mortar joint is likely to crack. Therefore, by forming the organic coating layer so as to include this mortar joint, cracks in the mortar joint, drop-off of the refractory, and the like when the large block is transferred can be effectively suppressed. In addition, since the organic coating layer is decomposed by heating, the performance of the large block is not adversely affected during use.

  The organic coating layer can be formed on a surface including the joint portion at an arbitrary portion depending on the stress generated in the joint portion. That is, the coating layer may be formed on a part of the surface, or may be formed on the entire surface, and can be formed on the surface including the joint portion of an arbitrary portion according to the stress generated in the joint portion.

  The organic coating layer is preferably formed on the surface of the large block excluding the contact surface with the mortar during construction. Large blocks are often joined to other refractories (large blocks) through a mortar during construction. Mortar penetrates into the pores of the large block to form a strong connective structure.However, if a coating layer exists between the mortar and the large block, this strong connective structure is not formed, so the strength of the structure is poor. It may be enough. Furthermore, a coke oven may cause a problem because of gas leaks. Therefore, when it is desired to increase the adhesive force between the mortar and the large block, it is preferable that the coating layer is not formed on the contact surface with the mortar on the surface of the large block or the area is small.

  In the present invention, the coating layer is preferably formed of a polyurea resin or a polyurethane-urea composite resin. A polyurea resin or a polyurethane-urea composite resin is characterized by a very high tensile strength compared to other coating resins. For this reason, even if the coating thickness is thin or the coating area is small as compared with other coating resins, it can sufficiently cope with the tensile stress generated in the joint when the large block is transferred. Moreover, since the coating thickness can be reduced or the coating area can be reduced, the generation of resin decomposition gas can be suppressed. Furthermore, since the polyurea resin or the polyurethane-urea composite resin can be applied by spraying, and is cured immediately and develops strength, the joint portion of the large block can be coated quickly, and the work efficiency is excellent.

  As the polyurea resin or the polyurethane-urea composite resin that can be suitably used in the present invention, those generally available on the market for coating the surface of the structure can be used. Further, when a high strength is required for the joint portion depending on the use conditions, a material having a tensile strength of 15 MPa or more can be used. As the polyurea resin or polyurethane-urea composite resin satisfying such tensile strength conditions, those commercially available as a coating material can be used. For example, as a polyurea resin, LINE-X of Japan Homeland Security Co., Ltd. Can be used.

In the present invention, in order to shorten the construction period, it is most preferable to use a large block for construction. However, if it does not have a large influence on the construction period, a single brick is used in combination with a large block. You can also. In the present invention, a single brick can be used alone. Even in this case, by using the construction order of the present invention, the construction work of the partition wall in the heat storage chamber and the brickwork can be performed in parallel with other construction work, so the construction period can be shortened compared to the conventional method. Can do.

  A pre-lining block shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 was manufactured by assembling a silica brick using a mortar made of a silica stone using sodium silicate as a binder.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a large block used for construction of a hearth, a sole flue portion, and a heat storage chamber (part). The large block has a shape in which the hearth, the sole flue portion, and the heat storage chamber are divided into 30 pieces in the flute length direction in units of 1 flue, and the size is 520 mm long, 1350 mm wide, and 1521 mm high.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a large block used for the construction of the heat storage chamber (remainder). This large block has a shape in which the heat storage chamber is divided into three in the height direction and 15 in the furnace length direction in units of 2 flues, and the size is 1050 mm in length, 400 mm in width, and 1083 mm in height. Further, the upper surface (joint surface) of the large block is provided with unevenness for fitting with another large block (pre-lining block). In addition, although not shown in FIG. 2, the side surface was covered and restrained with a polypropylene shrink film before conveyance, and was left in the coke oven after construction.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a large block used for construction of the bellows portion. This large block has a shape in which the bellows portion is divided into 30 pieces in a unit of 1 ful in the furnace length direction, and the size is 5200 mm long, 1350 mm wide, and 1480 mm high.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a large block used for construction of the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber. This large block has a shape in which the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber are divided into 15 pieces only in the height direction, and the size is 15,700 mm in length, 953 mm in width, and 375 mm in height. Note that FIG. 4 shows from the end to 20th fl. Moreover, although not shown in FIG. 4, the coating layer of polyurea resin (LINE-X of Japan Homeland Security Co., Ltd.) was formed with a thickness of 1 mm on the entire side surface before transport.

  FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a large block used for construction of the furnace top. This large block has a shape in which the furnace top is divided into 6 pieces in the height direction and 15 pieces in the furnace length direction, and the size is 1050 mm in length, 1350 mm in width, and 360 mm in height. In addition, although not shown in FIG. 5, it clamped by the band made from a polypropylene of about 15 mm in width | variety on the side before conveyance, and pulled out the band immediately after construction in the coke oven.

  After constructing the hearth, the sole flue, the heat storage chamber and the bellows by lifting the large block with a crane and carrying it in, the carbonization chamber and combustion at the same time while constructing the partition wall and the glitter brick in the heat storage chamber The chamber and the top of the furnace were constructed with large blocks, followed by the installation work of the riser pipe, charging cart rail, backstay and kiln fittings. For the partition wall and the glitter brick, single bricks were used instead of large blocks.

  As a result of constructing 42 coke ovens by the above-described method for constructing a coke oven, the construction period that had previously required 187 days was shortened to 100 days.

  FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another example of a large block used for construction of the bellows portion. The large block shown in the figure is a precast block. Work efficiency can be improved by using a precast block for a complicated shape portion such as a bellows portion.

  FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing another example of a large block used for construction of the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber. The large block shown in the figure is an integrated body in which the end kiln parts on the pusher side and the coke side are integrated as a precast block and the central part of the kiln is integrated as a prelining block. Since the precast block has fewer joints than the brick structure, it is possible to minimize peeling and cracking caused by the joints, thereby extending the service life and reducing the frequency of repairing the kiln.

1 hearth 2 sole flue 3 heat storage chamber 4 bellows 5 carbonization chamber and combustion chamber 6 top of furnace

Claims (7)

In the construction method of the coke oven, after constructing at least the hearth, the sole flue, the heat storage chamber, and the bellows portion on the coke oven foundation using the refractory block, excluding the partition wall and the glitter brick in the heat storage chamber. construction method for coke oven which is characterized in that the construction work of the partition wall and Checker fireclay brick heat storage chamber in parallel with other construction work.   As a refractory block for constructing the hearth, sole flue, heat storage chamber, and bellows, a large block having a shape obtained by dividing a coke oven in the furnace length direction and / or the height direction is used. The method for constructing a coke oven according to claim 1, wherein the top of the furnace is also constructed using a large block having a shape obtained by dividing the coke oven in the furnace length direction and / or the height direction.   The method for constructing a coke oven according to claim 2, wherein the large block is a pre-lining block, a pre-cast block, or an integrated product thereof.   The large block used for the construction of the carbonizing chamber and the combustion chamber uses an integrated product in which the end kiln portions on the pusher side and the coke side are precast blocks and the central portion of the kiln is integrated as a prelining block. The method for constructing a coke oven according to claim 2 or claim 3.   The method for constructing a coke oven according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein irregularities are provided on the joint surfaces of the large blocks.   The construction method of a coke oven according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein a side surface of the large block is restrained by a shrink film and / or a band.   The method for constructing a coke oven according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein an organic coating layer is formed on the surface of the large block so as to include a joint portion.