JP6573486B2 - Fixed member - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fixing member for fixing a functional panel.

  Conventionally, a structure for supporting a solar panel on a roof surface of a building is known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a support frame that supports a solar panel. The support frame includes a support column that protrudes from the roof, a pair of vertical members that are supported by the support column, and a horizontal member that is installed on the vertical member. The solar panel is being fixed to the stand by the fixed piece in the back surface side.

JP 2013-144917 A

  In general, when a solar panel, for example, is installed as a functional panel on the roof surface of a building, it is desired that the number of solar panels installed on the roof surface is large in order to increase the total power generation amount. On the other hand, periodic maintenance is required for the roof surface and the solar panels installed on the roof surface. Therefore, when the number of installed solar panels is large, the amount of work such as removal of the solar panels at the time of maintenance has been great. In particular, when the back surface side of the solar panel is fixed with respect to the roof surface, it is difficult to access the back surface side of the solar panel, which is a fixed portion, and workability is reduced.

  An object of this invention is to provide the fixing member which can fix a functional panel so that the back side of a functional panel can be accessed easily.

  One embodiment of the present invention extends across the front-rear direction when the water side of the functional panel arranged in an inclined manner is the front and the water upper side is the rear, and an upper surface portion facing the back surface of the functional panel; A fixing member for fixing the functional panel to the cross member provided with at least one of the front side surfaces facing the underwater side, the fixing member being fixed to the cross member and having a predetermined width in the front-rear direction; A movable part fixed at a position behind the center in the front-rear direction of the function panel, and a shaft part that rotatably connects the fixed part and the movable part, and the axis of the shaft part is the width of the fixed part It is parallel to the extending direction of the cross member at a position rearward in the front-rear direction with respect to the center of the direction, and the fixing portion abuts at least one of the upper surface portion and the front side surface portion of the cross member and is fixed to the cross member. A fixing structure is provided.

  According to such a fixing member, the functional panel can be tilted with the shaft portion as a fulcrum at a position behind the center in the front-rear direction (water side). Can be tilted. In this case, by tilting the functional panel, it becomes easy to access the space on the back side of the functional panel. In particular, when the lower side of the functional panel is lifted, it becomes easy to access the upper surface part and the front side part of the cross member to which the fixing part is fixed from the lower side.

  The fixed portion may further include a bearing portion through which the shaft portion is inserted and a plate-like rising portion that supports the bearing portion. In this case, the position of the bearing portion can be arranged higher than the position of the cross member by the rising portion, and the height for supporting the functional panel can be easily adjusted.

  The rising portion may be disposed on a plane orthogonal to the axis of the shaft portion. Thereby, the load concerning a shaft part can be received as a force in the in-plane direction of a rising part, and a rising part becomes difficult to bend.

  Further, the cross member has a front side surface portion and a rear side surface portion facing the front side surface portion, and the fixing portion is disposed on either the inner side or the outer side sandwiched between the front side surface portion and the rear side surface portion. The first contact piece that contacts the front side surface portion and the second contact piece that faces the first contact piece and that is disposed on one side and contacts the rear side surface portion may be included. Thereby, since the fixing | fixed part of a fixing member contact | abuts and is supported by the back side part and front side part of a horizontal member, it is suppressed that a fixing member falls.

  Further, the fixed part may have a restricting part that restricts the rotation of the movable part by contacting the movable part. Further, the movable part may be supported by inclining the functional panel while being in contact with the restricting part. According to this, since the functional panel can be tilted and supported in a state where the rotation of the movable portion is restricted, the load applied to the shaft portion can be reduced when the functional panel is inclined.

  According to the fixing member of the present invention, the functional panel can be fixed so that the back side of the functional panel can be easily accessed.

FIG. 1 shows a building having a solar panel installation structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a side view. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a solar panel installation structure. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view along the north-south direction of the solar panel installation structure. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view along the east-west direction of the solar panel installation structure. FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a fixing member of the rear end panel row. 8A and 8B are diagrams for explaining the tilting posture of the rear end panel row, in which FIG. 8A shows before rotation and FIG. 8B shows after rotation. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a fixing member of the rear panel row according to the second embodiment. FIGS. 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating the tilting posture of the rear end panel row according to the second embodiment, in which FIG. 10A shows before rotation and FIG. 10B shows after rotation. FIGS. 11A and 11B are diagrams illustrating the tilting posture of the rear end panel row according to the third embodiment, in which FIG. 11A shows before rotation and FIG. 11B shows after rotation.

  Embodiments according to the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. For convenience, the same reference numerals are given to substantially the same elements, and the description thereof may be omitted.

(First embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 1, the building 1 is an industrialized house having a steel frame frame structure, and the frame is configured by a combination of structural members that have been standardized (standardized) in advance. In addition, although this embodiment demonstrates to an example the industrialized house provided with the frame of the steel frame ramen structure, a frame structure (pin brace structure) and a wooden frame may be sufficient. The building 1 has a predetermined planar module. The planar module means a basic dimension that serves as a design standard in architecture, and the building 1 is configured such that the planar dimension is an integral multiple of the planar module. The building 1 in this embodiment is a two-story building having a flat module of 305 mm, for example, and includes a solar panel (functional panel) 50 on a substantially flat land roof (roof) 3 serving as a rooftop. A veranda 5 is formed on the second floor, which is the lower floor of the flat roof 3. The building 1 in the illustrated example is built so that the front side faces the south side, and the solar panel 50 is provided to be inclined toward the south side.

  In the description of the present specification, “south side”, “north side”, “east side”, and “west side” do not strictly indicate just south, true north, true east, and true west. For example, if the south side is defined as “within ± 45 degrees south of azimuth” and the south side is the front, the side that faces the south side on the right side is the east side, the side that faces the east side is the west side, and the south side. The opposite side may be the north side. The definition of the south side is not limited to the above, and may include a wider range. Also, the north-south direction and the east-west direction do not follow a strict direction, and the direction connecting the south side and the north side as defined in this specification and the direction connecting the east side and the west side are defined as the north-south direction and the east-west direction. .

  FIG. 2 shows a solar panel installation structure (functional panel installation structure) A <b> 1 and is a plan view of the building 1. In FIG. 2, the upper side of the drawing shows the north side, and the lower side, the right side, and the left side show the south side, the east side, and the west side, respectively. For convenience of explanation, the lower side in FIG. 2 may be the front and the upper side in FIG. 2 may be the rear. As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of solar panels 50 are arranged on the flat roof 3 of the building 1. The flat roof 3 of the building 1 has a roof surface that is a rectangular region 3a having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view. The rectangular region 3 a is an inner side in a plan view of the parapet 6 formed along the outer peripheral edge 4 of the roof surface of the land roof 3.

  The outer peripheral edge 4 is the position of the intersection of the virtual vertical plane passing through the center of the outer peripheral beam 2a arranged along the outer periphery of the building 1 among the roof beams 2 constituting the frame of the building 1 and the roof surface. Assumed. The outer peripheral edge 4 is composed of a south end edge 4S which is an outer periphery on the south side, a north end edge 4N which is an outer periphery on the north side, an east end edge 4E which is an outer periphery on the east side, and a west end edge 4W which is an outer periphery on the west side. . A plurality of solar panels 50 are connected in the east-west direction to form a panel row R. In addition, the connection includes not only the case where adjacent solar panels 50 arranged in strict contact with each other but also the case where the solar panels 50 are arranged with a predetermined gap. Moreover, the panel row | line | column R forms the panel row | line group G by arrange | positioning in multiple steps at predetermined intervals in the north-south direction. The panel row R in the present embodiment is formed by six solar panels 50 connected in the east-west direction. Further, the panel row group G is formed by six stages of panel rows R arranged in the north-south direction. The connecting direction (in the east-west direction in the embodiment) of the plurality of solar panels 50 forming the panel row R is relative to the arrangement direction (in the north-south direction in the embodiment) of the plurality of panel rows R forming the panel row group G. Orthogonal.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, since the solar panels 50 are provided to be inclined, adjacent panel rows R are shaded by the shadows of the solar panels 50 (for example, at a point of 34 degrees north latitude in the winter season ( A shadow generated by sunlight of about 32 degrees, which is the south-mid altitude of the winter solstice), is arranged at a predetermined interval so as not to reach the solar panel 50 adjacent to the north side. The interval between the adjacent panel rows R is an east-west passage P1 extending in the east-west direction. That is, the panel row group G formed by the six-stage panel row R includes five east-west passages P1. Of the six rows of panel rows R, the panel row arranged on the most south side is the front end panel row (end panel row) Rf, and the panel row arranged on the most north side is the rear end panel row (end panel row). ) Rr. Between the front end panel row Rf and the rear end panel row Rr, four stages of panel rows R arranged in the north-south direction are arranged.

  An east-west passage P1 is formed between the four panel rows R arranged between the front end panel row Rf and the rear end panel row Rr. Further, an east-west passage P1 is formed between the front end panel row Rf and the panel row R on the north side of the front end panel row Rf. Further, an east-west passage P1 is formed between the rear end panel row Rr and the panel row R on the south side of the rear end panel row Rr.

  The front end panel row Rf is arranged along the south end edge 4S that is the outer peripheral edge on the south side of the rectangular region 3a. A width W1 between the front end panel row Rf and the south end edge 4S is formed to be smaller than the width W2 of the east-west passage P1. In this embodiment, the width W1 between the front end panel row Rf and the south end edge 4S is, for example, about 50 to 140 mm, and the width W2 of the east-west passage P1 is about 200 to 300 mm. Further, the rear end panel row Rr is arranged along the north end edge 4N that is the outer peripheral edge on the north side of the rectangular region 3a. A width W3 between the rear end panel row Rr and the north end edge 4N is formed to be smaller than the width W2 of the east-west passage P1. In the present embodiment, a width W3 between the rear end panel row Rr and the north end edge 4N is, for example, about 100 to 180 mm. The width W1 between the front end panel row Rf and the south end edge 4S is a horizontal distance from a virtual vertical plane passing through the south end edge 4S to the front end panel row Rf. The width W3 between the rear end panel row Rr and the north end edge 4N is a horizontal distance from an imaginary vertical plane passing through the north end edge 4N to the rear end panel row Rr. Thus, the solar panel 50 arrange | positioned at the land roof 3 can be increased by arrange | positioning the front-end panel row | line | column Rf and the rear-end panel row | line | column Rr close to the outer periphery 4.

  A north-south passage P2 extending in the north-south direction is formed between at least one side edge of the east side and west side edges of the panel row group G and the outer peripheral edge 4 of the rectangular region 3a. The north-south passage P2 communicates with the east-west passage P1. Therefore, by passing through the north-south passage P2, it is possible to easily move from one east-west passage P1 to another east-west passage P1. In the present embodiment, the side edge GW on the west side of the panel row group G substantially coincides with the west end edge 4W that is the outer peripheral edge on the west side in plan view. On the other hand, the east side edge GE of the panel row group G is disposed at a predetermined interval from the east end edge 4E which is the east side outer peripheral edge. The north-south passage P2 is formed by the distance between the east side edge GE of the panel row group G and the east end edge 4E. The width W4 of the north-south passage P2 in the present embodiment is formed wider than the width of the east-west passage P1, and is formed to have a width of about 250 to 600 mm, for example. The width W4 of the north-south passage P2 is a horizontal distance from the east side edge of the panel row group G to a virtual vertical plane passing through the east end edge 4E.

  The flat roof 3 is provided with elevating means that leads from the north-south passage P2 down to the floor. In the present embodiment, a ladder La (see FIG. 1) is provided at the east end edge 4E of the flat roof 3 so as to be connected to the downstairs beyond the parapet 6. The ladder La may be permanently installed, but is usually removable with respect to the installable structure formed on the flat roof 3 or the outer wall surface, and is prepared by an operator at the time of maintenance. In the embodiment, a hook as an installable structure is provided on the land roof 3, and the upper end of the ladder La can be attached to the hook. Note that the installable structure is not limited to the hook, but may have a structure for attaching the upper end of the ladder. The lower end of this ladder is connected to, for example, an empty space SP on the ground. Moreover, the ladder (illustration omitted) connected to the veranda 5 may be used as a raising / lowering means connected to the downstairs from the north-south passage P2. For example, an openable door can be provided on the floor of the north-south passage P2 located above the veranda 5, and a ladder connected to the veranda 5 can be installed below the door. Thus, by installing the ladder La leading from the north-south passage P2 to the downstairs, the operator can easily access all five east-west passages P1 from the ladder La via the north-south passage P2.

  Next, the structure for fixing the solar panel 50 to the flat roof 3 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the solar panel 50 is attached to the gantry 30, and the gantry 30 is fixed to and supported by the column base 20. The column base 20 is fixed above the roof beam 2 constituting the frame of the building 1 and protrudes on the land roof 3. The roof beam 2 in the present embodiment has an outer peripheral beam 2a disposed along the outer peripheral edge 4, and a column base 20 is disposed above the outer peripheral beam 2a.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the flat roof 3 includes a floor panel 11 supported by the roof beam 2, a heat insulating material 12 disposed on the upper surface side of the floor panel 11, and a board 13 disposed on the upper side of the heat insulating material 12. And a waterproof sheet 14 attached to the upper surface of the board 13. The floor panel 11 is formed by an ALC panel, for example. A mortar 16 is placed between the floor panel 11 and the outer wall panel 15.

  A waterproof steel plate 18 is provided on the outer periphery of the flat roof 3. The waterproof steel plate 18 covers the inside from the upper end of the outer wall panel 15 forming the parapet 6 along the shape of the parapet 6, and further covers the outer periphery of the roof surface of the land roof 3 with a predetermined width. The inner peripheral edge of the waterproof steel plate 18 is covered with the waterproof sheet 14.

  As shown in FIG. 3, at least a part of the column base 20 (for example, the column base 20 arranged at both ends in the north-south direction) is fixed to the outer peripheral beam 2 a constituting the roof beam 2. Thus, by arranging the column base 20 above the outer peripheral beam 2a, it is possible to install the solar panel 50 up to the most outward position of the roof surface within a range where the center of gravity does not go out.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, a column base 20 is disposed on the flat roof 3 at the center of the building 1 in the north-south direction. A beam extending in the east-west direction as a part of the roof beam 2 is formed below the column base 20. The roof beam 2 has a beam extending in the east-west direction including the outer peripheral beam 2a and a pair of beams extending in the north-south direction at the west and east side edges, and the beam extending in the east-west direction and the beam extending in the north-south direction are mutually Orthogonal. The column base 20 supported by the beam extending in the east-west direction is fixed at a position at least one plane module away from the beam extending in the north-south direction. For example, the column base 20W fixed to the most west side is fixed at a position one plane module away from the beam extending in the north-south direction on the west side, and the column base 20E fixed to the east side is the north-south direction on the east side. It is fixed at a position two modules away from the beam extending in the direction. That is, the column base 20 is not fixed above the west and east beams extending from north to south.

  The column base 20 is a member for supporting the gantry 30 on the flat roof 3. The column base 20 has a column head unit 21, a column base unit 22, and a connection unit 23. The stigma unit 21 has a cylindrical leg portion 21a attached to the pedestal unit 22, and a plate-like support portion 21b joined to the upper end of the leg portion 21a for fixing the joint hardware 41. . The column base unit 22 includes a bottom plate 22a that is joined to the upper flange of the outer peripheral beam 2a, an intermediate portion 22b that is formed in a cross shape in plan view, and an upper plate 22c that is joined to the upper end of the intermediate portion 22b. These are integrally welded. The connection unit 23 is a member for connecting the column head unit 21 and the column base unit 22, and includes a plate-like bottom plate 23 a and a cylindrical connection portion 23 b joined to the upper surface of the bottom plate 23 a. The upper flange of the outer peripheral beam 2a and the bottom plate 22a of the column base unit 22 are joined together by, for example, bolts and nuts. Further, the upper plate 22c of the column base unit 22 and the bottom plate 23a of the connecting unit 23 are joined together by, for example, bolts and nuts. Furthermore, the lower end of the leg portion 21a of the stigma unit 21 is attached to the connecting portion 23b. For example, a groove is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the connecting portion 23b and the outer peripheral surface of the lower end of the leg portion 21a so as to be screwed to each other, thereby joining the connecting portion 23b and the leg portion 21a. In the illustrated example, the height of the intermediate portion 22b is substantially the same as the height of the floor panel 11. The leg portion 21 a projects through the through hole 25 formed in the heat insulating material 12 and the waterproof steel plate 18 and projects upward from the land roof 3. A water stop treatment is applied to the boundary between the leg portion 21a and the waterproof steel plate 18.

  The gantry 30 (see FIG. 2) includes a cross member 34 and a vertical member 31. The cross member 34 extends with the east-west direction, which is the connecting direction of the panel rows R, as the longitudinal direction. The longitudinal member 31 extends with the north-south direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the transverse member 34 as the longitudinal direction. The cross member 34 in the present embodiment is arranged such that the longitudinal direction is the direction intersecting the front-rear direction when the water-side side of the solar panel 50 is the front and the water-side is the rear. The solar panel 50 is supported by the cross member 34, and the cross member 34 is supported by the column base 20 via the vertical member 31. It is also possible to directly support the cross member 34 with the column base 20. However, the number of the column bases 20 can be reduced by interposing the highly rigid vertical member 31 as in the present embodiment. As a result, the construction becomes easier as compared with the aspect in which the cross member 34 is directly supported by the column base 20.

  The gantry 30 is fixed to the column base 20 via a joint hardware 41. The joint hardware 41 (see FIG. 5) is a plate-shaped member having a substantially U-shaped cross section, and includes a rectangular plate-shaped bottom surface portion 41a, a side surface portion 41b erected from one end of the bottom surface portion 41a, and a side surface portion 41b. And a plate-like upper surface portion 41c extending horizontally at the upper end. The joint hardware 41 is fixed to the column base 20 by fixing the bottom surface portion 41 a to the support portion 21 b of the column base 20 with a bolt 42 a and a nut 42 b. The side surface portion 41b having a rectangular plate shape that is long in the horizontal direction is formed with insertion holes 41d for fixing the vertical members 31 to both ends in the longitudinal direction.

  The longitudinal member 31 (see FIG. 3) is fixed to the flat roof 3 so that both ends thereof are fixed to the joint hardware 41 so as to extend from north to south. The vertical member 31 (see FIG. 5) is a long member having a substantially U-shaped cross section, a plate-like bottom surface portion 31a, a side surface portion 31b standing from one end of the bottom surface portion 31a, and an upper end of the side surface portion 31b. And a plate-like upper surface portion 31c extending horizontally. In addition, ribs 31d and 31e that protrude downward and extend in the longitudinal direction are formed at the ends of the bottom surface portion 31a and the upper surface portion 31c opposite to the side surface portion 31b.

  The vertical member 31 is supported by the upper surface portion 41c of the joint hardware 41 on one end side in the longitudinal direction of the joint hardware 41, and the side surface portion 31b of the side metal portion 41b is connected to the side surface portion 41b of the joint hardware 41 by bolts 44a and nuts 44b. Fixed. Similarly, in the vertical member 31, the other end is fixed to a joint hardware 41 fixed to another column base 20. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, two vertical members 31 are connected and extend in the north-south direction. One longitudinal member 31 is supported by the column base 20 fixed respectively above the outer peripheral beam 2a on the south side and above the central roof beam 2 in the north-south direction. The other vertical member 31 is supported by the column base 20 fixed to the upper side of the outer peripheral beam 2a on the north side and the upper side of the central roof beam 2 in the north-south direction.

  In addition, in the joint hardware 41 fixed to the outer peripheral side of the flat roof 3, only the insertion hole 41d on the one end side in the longitudinal direction is used. Therefore, in the joint hardware 41, the edge on the side (outside) where the unused insertion hole 41d is formed may be processed into a predetermined shape. For example, the side of the joint hardware 41 where the unused insertion hole is formed is connected to the roof periphery (the upper end of the parapet 6) and the solar panel 50 at the shortest distance from this periphery. You may form so that it may fit in the side. In this case, when the building 1 is looked up from the ground, the joint hardware 41 cannot be visually recognized unless the solar panel 50 is visible, so that the design of the entire building 1 is improved.

  In addition, it is also possible to fix the vertical member 31 directly to the column base 20 without providing the joint hardware 41. However, the vertical member 31 needs a certain height in order to secure a desired strength. When the vertical member 31 is fixed directly to the column base 20, the height of the solar panel 50 increases. Therefore, there is a possibility that it may be easily affected by the oblique line regulation and the appearance design may be deteriorated. By using the joint hardware 41 as in the present embodiment, the height position of the vertical member 31 with respect to the column base 20 can be adjusted. As a result, the strength of the vertical member 31 is ensured while suppressing the height of the solar panel 50. It becomes easy to plan.

  The cross member 34 (refer to FIG. 2) is fixed to the land roof 3 so as to extend in the east-west direction by being installed on the plurality of vertical members 31. In the present embodiment, cross members 34 are used on the front side and the rear side below each panel row R, and these cross members 34 are longitudinal members 31 at predetermined intervals according to the size of the solar panel 50. It is fixed to. In addition, the rear side member 34 corresponding to one panel row R and the front side member 34 of the panel row R arranged on the north side of the panel row R are arranged at a certain interval.

  The cross member 34 (see FIGS. 6 and 8) is a long member having a hat-shaped cross section, and is disposed opposite to the front side wall part (front side part) 34b erected along the longitudinal direction and the front side wall part 34b. The rear side wall portion (rear side surface portion) 34c and the upper wall portion (upper surface portion) 34a connecting the upper ends of the front side wall portion 34b and the rear side wall portion 34c are provided. A base portion 34d extending outward is formed at the lower ends of the front side wall portion 34b and the rear side wall portion 34c.

  The upper wall portion 34a faces the back surface of the solar panel 50, and is inclined so as to descend to the front side (south side) so as to be substantially the same angle as the installation angle of the solar panel 50. Further, in the cross member 34, the front side wall part 34 b faces the water side of the solar panel 50, and the rear side wall part 34 c faces the water side of the solar panel 50. In the present embodiment, the inclination of the upper wall portion 34a is, for example, about 10 degrees. The base portion 34d of the cross member 34 is fixed to the upper surface portion 31c of the plurality of vertical members 31 by bolts 35a and nuts 35b. Since the cross member 34 and the vertical member 31 are fixed in contact with each other by the base portion 34d and the upper surface portion 31c, they are stably fixed. By adjusting the inclination of the upper wall portion 34a to the installation angle of the solar panel 50, the solar panel 50 can be received by the surface, and more stable installation is possible.

  The solar panel 50 in the present embodiment includes a panel part (panel body) 51 in which cells for receiving sunlight and generating power are arranged in parallel, and a frame part 53 provided on the outer periphery of the panel part 51. Yes. The frame portion 53 is fixed to the outer periphery of the panel portion 51 and protrudes to the panel back surface side (side on which the cross member 34 is disposed). Further, the frame portion 53 is formed with a plate-like mounting piece 53a formed so as to face the outer periphery of the panel portion 51 (see FIG. 8).

  As shown in FIG. 6, the front edge 50c (the inner edge facing the other panel row R adjacent to the south side) and the rear edge 50d (with respect to the inner edge) of the solar panel 50 in the rear panel row Rr. The outer edge portion on the opposite side) is fixed to the cross member 34 arranged along each. A hinge portion (fixing member) 80 is provided at the rear edge 50d (north side) of the solar panel 50. The solar panel 50 is detachably attached to the cross member 34 of the gantry 30 via the hinge portion 80. The hinge portion 80 includes a fastening portion 85 that can be removed from the east-west passage P1 side. This removal operation is a tightening / releasing operation of the fastening portion 85, that is, an operation that can be fixed by tightening the fastening portion 85 and can be removed by loosening.

  The hinge part 80 rotates to the movable part 83 via a movable part 83 fixed at a position behind the center in the front-rear direction of the frame part 53 of the solar panel 50 and a shaft part 82 such as a hollow rivet. The fixing part 81 is freely attached, and the fixing part 81 is fixed to the cross member 34 via a fastening part 85 (bolts 85a and nuts 85b). The fixing portion 81 has a predetermined width in the front-rear direction. In the present embodiment, the fixing portion 81 has substantially the same width as the width from the front side wall portion 34b to the rear side wall portion in the cross member 34.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the fixing portion 81 is erected from a bottom surface portion 81a in which an insertion hole (fixing structure) 81d for a bolt 85a is formed, and one end of the bottom surface portion 81a (the west side edge in the illustrated example). Side surface portion (rising portion) 81b and an upper surface portion (regulating portion) 81c protruding from the upper end of the side surface portion 81b so as to face the bottom surface portion 81a. The bottom surface portion 81a is inclined at substantially the same angle as the upper wall portion 34a of the cross member 34, and the upper wall portion 34a of the cross member 34 and the surfaces are in contact with each other (see FIG. 8). The bottom surface portion 81a is detachably fixed to the upper wall portion 34a of the cross member 34 by bolts 85a and nuts 85b.

  An arm piece 81e having a surface facing the side surface portion 81b is formed on the upper end side of the side surface portion 81b. The arm piece 81e is formed so as to protrude from the upper front edge of the side part 81b. A bearing hole (bearing portion) 81f for inserting the shaft portion 82 is formed at a position facing each other on the distal end side of the arm piece 81e and the side surface portion 81b. The upper surface portion 81c is formed only on the front side in the range facing the upper wall portion 34a of the cross member 34, and is inclined at substantially the same angle as the upper wall portion 34a.

  As shown in FIG. 8, on the upper end side of the side surface portion 81b, the movable portion 83 is rotatably attached via a shaft portion 82 inserted through the bearing hole 81f. The axial direction of the shaft portion 82 is parallel to the extending direction of the cross member 34 and is orthogonal to the plane in which the side surface portion 81b extends. Further, the axis of the shaft portion 82 is located behind the center of the fixing portion 81 in the front-rear direction (width direction) and above the upper wall portion 34 a of the cross member 34. The movable portion 83 has a plate-like connecting piece 83a in which an insertion hole 83c for a bolt 87a is formed, and a pair of shaft bracket pieces 83b protruding from both left and right edges of the connecting piece 83a. A pair of shaft bracket pieces 83b are formed with bearing holes (bearing portions) 83d through which the shaft portion 82 is inserted. The pair of shaft bracket pieces 83b is disposed inside the side surface portion 81b and the arm piece 81e, and the shaft portion 82 inserted into the bearing hole 81f is also inserted into the bearing hole 83d of the shaft bracket piece 83b. As a result, the fixed portion 81 and the movable portion 83 are rotatably connected via the shaft portion 82.

  The insertion hole 83c formed in the connecting piece 83a is located on the rear side of the connecting piece 83a. The connection piece 83a is fixed to the attachment piece 53a of the solar panel 50 by bolts 87a and nuts 87b. Thus, the solar panel 50 can be tilted with respect to the cross member 34 with the shaft portion 82 as a rotation center (fulcrum). Further, the connecting piece 83a can come into contact with the upper surface portion 81c, and the rotation of the movable portion 83 is restricted by contacting the upper surface portion 81c. In a state where the connecting piece 83a is in contact with the upper surface portion 81c, the connecting piece 83a is inclined in the same manner as the upper surface portion 81c, so that the solar panel 50 can be inclined and fixed.

  The worker lifts the solar panel 50 from the east-west passage P1 side with the hinge portion 80 as a fulcrum, and creates a work space below the solar panel 50. The worker enters the work space and performs the tightening / loosening operation of the bolt 85a and the nut 85b at the place to remove the solar panel 50.

  A fixed piece 75 is fixed to the front edge 50c (south side) of the solar panel 50. The fixed piece 75 is a plate-like member having an L-shaped cross section, a plate-like portion 75a whose surfaces are in contact with the front side wall portion 34b of the cross member 34, and an upper surface portion 75b protruding forward from the upper end of the plate-like portion 75a. have. The upper surface portion 75b is flush with the upper wall portion 34a of the cross member 34 and is inclined at substantially the same angle as the upper wall portion 34a of the cross member 34. The upper surface portion 75b is fixed to the solar panel 50 by bolts 77a and nuts 77b. The plate-like portion 75a is fixed to the front side wall portion 34b by a fastening portion 76 (bolts 76a and nuts 76b) while being in contact with the front side wall portion 34b. As a result, the fixed piece 75 is detachably attached to the cross member 34 of the gantry 30 via the fastening portion 76. Since the fastening portion 76 is provided adjacent to the east-west passage P1, it can be removed from the east-west passage P1 side. This removal operation is an operation of tightening / loosening the fastening portion 76, that is, an operation that can be fixed by tightening the fastening portion 76 and can be removed by loosening.

  When maintaining the solar panel 50 and the flat roof 3 described above, the operator performs an attaching / detaching operation of the solar panel 50 while moving the north-south passage P2 and the east-west passage P1. The worker moves from the north-south passage P2 to the east-west passage P1 adjacent to the south side of the rear end panel row Rr. And the nut 76b which has fixed the fixed piece 75 to the cross member 34 is operated and removed from the east-west passage P1 side. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 8B, the solar panel 50 is flipped upward with the hinge portion 80 as the center of rotation. As a result, the worker can access the cross member 34 that fixes the rear edge 50d of the solar panel 50 from the east-west passage P1 side. In this state, the operator operates and removes the nut 85b that fixes the hinge portion 80 and the cross member 34 from the east-west passage P1 side. The solar panel 50 can be removed from the gantry 30 by the above operation. Thereby, the worker can inspect and repair the flat roof 3 at the position where the solar panel 50 is disposed. After the inspection and repair are completed, the solar panel 50 can be attached to the gantry 30 by a procedure reverse to the removal. Thus, even if the rear end panel row Rr is arranged close to the outer peripheral edge 4 of the roof, the solar panel 50 is attached to and detached from the rear end panel row Rr only by the detachment operation from the east-west passage P1 side. be able to.

  According to the hinge part 80 described above, the solar panel 50 can be tilted with the shaft part 82 as a fulcrum at a position behind (in the water side) from the center in the front-rear direction. It can be tilted by lifting the side. In this case, by tilting the solar panel 50, the space on the back surface side of the solar panel 50 can be easily accessed from the underwater side of the solar panel 50.

  The fixed portion 81 further includes bearing holes 81f and 83d through which the shaft portion 82 is inserted, and a plate-like side surface portion 81b that supports the bearing holes 81f and 83d. The side surface portion 81b is an axis of the shaft portion 82. It is arrange | positioned on the plane orthogonal to. Since the positions of the bearing holes 81f and 83d can be arranged higher than the position of the cross member 34 by the side surface portion 81b, the height for supporting the solar panel 50 can be easily adjusted. Further, when the solar panel 50 is supported at a high position as described above, when the solar panel 50 is rotated, a load is locally applied to the shaft portion 82 serving as a fulcrum. The shaft portion 82 is supported by the side surface portion 81b. However, if the side surface portion 81b is parallel to the axis of the shaft portion 82, the load acts on the side surface portion 81b as a force in the out-of-plane direction. It becomes easy. On the other hand, in the above configuration, since the side surface portion 81b is arranged on a plane orthogonal to the axis of the shaft portion 82, a load applied to the shaft portion 82 can be received as a force in the in-plane direction, and bending is difficult.

  The fixed portion 81 has an upper surface portion 81 c that restricts the rotation of the movable portion 83 by being in contact with the movable portion 83. According to this, since the solar panel 50 can be tilted and supported in a state where the rotation of the movable portion 83 is restricted, the load applied to the shaft portion 82 can be reduced.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a solar panel installation structure A2 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The solar panel installation structure A2 according to the present embodiment is different from the solar panel installation structure A1 according to the first embodiment in that a hinge part (fixing member) 180 is used instead of the hinge part 80. Hereinafter, points different from the first embodiment will be mainly described, and the same elements and members will be denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  The solar panels 50 forming the rear end panel row Rr are fixed to the cross member 34 arranged below the front end edge 50c (south side) by a fixing piece 75, and the rear end edge 50d (north side) ) Is fixed by a hinge part 180 to the cross member 34 arranged below. The hinge part 180 includes a movable part 183 fixed to the frame part 53 of the solar panel 50 and a fixed part 181 rotatably attached to the movable part 183 via a shaft part 182 such as a hollow rivet. The fixing portion 181 is fixed to the cross member 34 via a fastening portion 185 (bolt 185a and nut 185b). The fixing portion 181 includes a bottom surface portion (upper contact piece) 181a in which an insertion hole 181d of the bolt 185a is formed, and a side surface portion 181b erected from one end of the bottom surface portion 181a (west end edge in the illustrated example). The upper surface portion 181c projecting from the upper end of the side surface portion 181b so as to face the bottom surface portion 181a, and the plate-shaped front contact piece (first contact piece) projecting downward from the front and rear ends of the bottom surface portion 181a. 181g and a rear contact piece (second contact piece) 181h.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the bottom surface portion 181 a is inclined at substantially the same angle as the upper wall portion 34 a of the cross member 34, and the upper wall portion 34 a of the cross member 34 overlaps and abuts the surfaces. In this state, the front contact piece 181g and the rear contact piece 181h are disposed on the outer sides of the front side wall part 34b and the rear side wall part 34c facing each other, and the front side contact piece 181g is disposed on the front side wall part 34b. The rear abutting piece 181h can abut the rear side wall portion 34c with each other. Further, the vertical length of the rear contact piece 181h is longer than the vertical length of the front contact piece 181g, and the upper end position of the rear contact piece 181h is the upper end of the front contact piece 181g. It is higher than the position. As a result, the heights of the rear contact piece 181h and the rear side wall part 34c coincide, and the heights of the front contact piece 181g and the front side wall part 34b coincide. Therefore, the hinge part 180 can be supported more stably. A slight clearance may be provided between the front contact piece 181g and the rear contact piece 181h and the front side wall part 34b and the rear side wall part 34c for easy mounting. The lower ends of the front contact piece 181g and the rear contact piece 181h are in contact with the upper surface of the base portion 34d of the cross member 34. Thereby, the installation state of the hinge part 180 with respect to the cross member 34 becomes more stable.

  The bottom surface portion 181a is detachably fixed to the upper wall portion 34a of the cross member 34 by bolts 185a and nuts 185b. In the present embodiment, an example in which the bottom surface portion 181a and the upper wall portion 34a are fastened is shown, but for example, the rear contact piece 181h and the front side wall portion 34b may be fastened.

  An arm piece 181e having a surface facing the side surface portion 181b is formed on the upper end side of the side surface portion 181b. The arm piece 181e is formed so as to protrude from the upper front edge of the side surface portion 181b. A bearing hole 181f for inserting the shaft portion 182 is formed at a position facing each other on the distal end side of the arm piece 181e and the side surface portion 181b. The upper surface portion 181c is formed only on the front side in the range facing the upper wall portion 34a of the cross member 34, and is inclined at substantially the same angle as the upper wall portion 34a.

  On the upper end side of the side surface portion 181b, a movable portion 183 is rotatably attached via a shaft portion 182 inserted through the bearing hole 181f. The axial direction of the shaft portion 182 is parallel to the extending direction of the cross member 34 and is orthogonal to the plane in which the side surface portion 181b extends. The axis of the shaft portion 182 is located on the rear side with respect to the center in the width direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the cross member 34 and above the upper wall portion 34a of the cross member 34. The movable portion 183 has a plate-like connecting piece 183a in which an insertion hole 183c of the bolt 187a is formed, and a pair of shaft bracket pieces 183b protruding from the left and right side edges of the connecting piece 183a. A pair of shaft bracket pieces 183b are formed with bearing holes 183d through which the shaft portion 182 is inserted. The pair of shaft bracket pieces 183b is disposed inside the side surface portion 181b and the arm piece 181e, and the shaft portion 182 inserted through the bearing hole 181f is also inserted into the bearing hole 183d of the shaft bracket piece 183b. As a result, the fixed portion 181 and the movable portion 183 are rotatably connected via the shaft portion 182.

  The insertion hole 183c formed in the connecting piece 183a is located on the rear side of the connecting piece 183a. The connecting piece 183a is fixed to the attachment piece 53a of the solar panel 50 by a bolt 187a and a nut 187b. Thereby, the solar panel 50 can be tilted with respect to the cross member 34 with the shaft portion 182 as a rotation center (fulcrum). Further, the connecting piece 183a can come into contact with the upper surface portion 181c, and the rotation of the movable portion 183 is restricted by contacting the upper surface portion 181c. In a state where the connecting piece 183a is in contact with the upper surface portion 181c, the connecting piece 183a is inclined in the same manner as the upper surface portion 181c, so that the solar panel 50 can be fixed by being inclined.

  The worker lifts the solar panel 50 from the east-west passage P1 side with the hinge portion 180 as a fulcrum, and creates a work space below the solar panel 50. The worker enters the work space, and performs the tightening / loosening operation of the bolt 185a and the nut 185b at the place to remove the solar panel 50.

  As described above, the cross member 34 has the front side wall part 34b facing the rear side wall part 34c, and the fixing part 181 has the front side contact piece 181g that contacts the front side wall part 34b and the front side contact piece 181g. And a rear abutting piece 181h that abuts against the rear side wall portion 34c. Moreover, both the front side contact piece 181g and the rear side contact piece 181h are disposed outside between the rear side wall part 34c and the front side wall part 34b. Thereby, since the fixing | fixed part 181 of the hinge part 180 contact | abuts and is supported by the rear side wall part 34c and the front side wall part 34b of the horizontal member 34, when attaching / detaching with respect to the horizontal member 34, the hinge part 180 falls down. Is suppressed and construction becomes easy.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a solar panel installation structure A3 according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The solar panel installation structure A3 according to the present embodiment is different from the solar panel installation structure A2 according to the second embodiment in that a cross member 234 is used instead of the predetermined cross member 34. Hereinafter, points different from the second embodiment will be mainly described, and the same elements and members will be denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  The cross member 234 used in the present embodiment is disposed at the same position as the cross member 34 to which the hinge portion 180 is fixed in the second embodiment. That is, the cross member 234 is fixed to the vertical member 31 below the rear end edge portion 50d (north side) forming the rear end panel row Rr.

  The cross member 234 is a long member having a substantially U-shaped cross section, and includes a bottom portion 234a in which an insertion hole is formed, and a front side wall portion (front side surface portion) erected substantially at right angles from the front end and the rear end of the bottom portion 234a. 234b and a rear side wall part (rear side part) 234c. The bottom portion 234a of the cross member 234 is fixed to the upper surface portion 31c of the plurality of vertical members 31 by bolts 235a and nuts 235b. Further, an insertion hole through which the bolt 267a (see FIG. 11) is inserted is formed in the front side wall portion 234b.

  A hinge portion 180 is fixed to the rear end edge portion 50d of the solar panel 50 forming the rear end panel row Rr. The distance between the inner side surfaces of the front side wall part 234b and the rear side wall part 234c is substantially the same as the distance between the outer side surfaces of the front side contact piece 181g and the rear side contact piece 181h in the hinge part 180. The front contact piece 181g and the rear contact piece 181h are disposed inside the front side wall part 234b and the rear side wall part 234c, and the front side contact piece 181g and the front side wall part 234b are in contact with the rear side wall part 234b. The piece 181h can be in contact with the rear side wall portion 234c with respect to each other. A slight clearance may be provided between the front contact piece 181g and the rear contact piece 181h and the front side wall part 234b and the rear side wall part 234c for easy attachment. The front contact piece 181g of the hinge part 180 is fixed to the front side wall part 234b by a fastening part 267 (bolt 267a and nut 267b).

  As described above, the cross member 234 has the front side wall part 234b facing the rear side wall part 234c, and the fixing part 181 has the front side contact piece 181g that contacts the front side wall part 234b and the front side contact piece 181g. And a rear abutting piece 181h that abuts against the rear side wall portion 234c. Moreover, both the front side contact piece 181g and the rear side contact piece 181h are disposed inside the rear side wall part 234c and the front side wall part 234b. As a result, the fixing portion 181 of the hinge portion 180 abuts and is supported by the rear side wall portion 234c and the front side wall portion 234b of the cross member 234, so that the hinge portion 180 falls when being attached to or detached from the cross member 234. Is suppressed and construction becomes easy.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was explained in full detail with reference to drawings, a specific structure is not restricted to this embodiment. For example, the planar shape of the flat roof is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a corner, a colonnade, etc. may be formed in the flat roof.

  Moreover, although the example where the front-end edge part 50c of the solar panel 50 is fixed with the fixed piece 75 with respect to the front side wall part 34b of the cross member 34 was shown, it is not limited to this. The fixing member used for the front end edge portion 50c is a mechanism independent of the fixing member used for the rear end edge portion 50d. For example, instead of the fixing piece 75, a hinge member provided with a predetermined rotation mechanism may be used. Good. When the solar panel 50 is rotated by lifting the underwater side, it is desirable that an operation for attaching / detaching the front end edge 50c of the solar panel 50 to the cross member is possible from the underwater side.

  Moreover, although the example in which the functional panel is installed inside the outer peripheral beam is shown, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when the functional panel is provided on the outer peripheral side with respect to the outer peripheral beam, that is, for example, provided with a ridge having no beam, the functional panel may be installed so as to protrude from the ridge portion. However, since the load on the building and the installation strength of the functional panel will be higher, it is desirable that the cross member is not installed on the outer periphery than the outer beam, and that the functional panel is installed on the inner edge side of the outer beam. Is desirable.

  Moreover, although the example where the building was built so that the front might turn to the south side was shown, it is not limited to this, and it cannot be overemphasized that the front of a building may be which direction. Moreover, although the example which fixed the solar panel so that it may incline toward the south was shown, it is not limited to this.

  Moreover, although the solar panel (solar power generation module) was illustrated as a functional panel, it is not limited to this. As the functional panel, various functional panels such as a heat collecting panel of a solar heat utilization system and a composite panel in which a photovoltaic power generation cell is installed on the surface side of the heat collecting panel can be used. When a solar panel is used as the functional panel, it is advantageous in that a stable light energy utilization function can be obtained regardless of the angle.

  Moreover, although the flat roof was illustrated as a substantially flat roof, it is not limited to this. The substantially flat roof may be substantially flat when viewed as the entire roof surface, and may be, for example, a folded plate roof. In addition, when a flat roof is provided as a substantially flat roof, each passage formed on the roof surface becomes flat, so that an operator can easily walk.

  In this embodiment, the column base 20 is fastened and fixed to the roof beam 2 (outer peripheral beam 2a). For example, the column base 20 is anchored to the floor panel 11. Also good. In this case, the column base can be formed only by the stigma unit 21 and the connection unit 23, and the connection part 23b can be fixed to the floor panel 11 by, for example, anchor bolts. Note that the column base 20 can be firmly connected when the column base 20 is fastened and fixed to the roof beam 2. Furthermore, since the column base 20 is fastened and fixed to the outer peripheral beam 2a, it is not necessary to separately provide an auxiliary beam for supporting the column base 20 from below, which is advantageous for reducing the weight of the building 1.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Building, 3 ... Flat roof (roof), 34 ... Cross member, 34a ... Upper wall part (upper surface part), 34b ... Front side wall part (front side part), 34c ... Rear side wall part (rear side part), 50 ... Solar panel (functional panel), 80, 180 ... hinge part (fixing member), 181g ... front side contact piece (first contact piece), 181h ... rear side contact piece (second contact piece).

Claims (4)

In the inclined functional panel, the lower side of the functional panel extends forward and the upper side of the functional panel extends rearward, and extends in the front-rear direction. A fixing member for fixing the functional panel to a cross member provided with at least one of the front side surface portions,
A fixed portion fixed to the cross member and having a predetermined width in the front-rear direction;
A movable part fixed at a position behind the center in the front-rear direction of the functional panel;
A shaft portion that rotatably connects the fixed portion and the movable portion,
The axis of the shaft portion is parallel to the extending direction of the cross member at a position rearward in the front-rear direction from the center in the width direction of the fixed portion,
The fixing portion is provided with a fixing structure for abutting at least one of the upper surface portion and the front side surface portion of the cross member and being fixed to the cross member ,
The fixed portion includes a bearing portion through which the shaft portion is inserted, and a plate-like rising portion that supports the bearing portion,
The rising portion is disposed on a plane orthogonal to the axis of the shaft portion . The cross member has a front side surface portion and a rear side surface portion facing the front side surface portion,
The fixing portion includes a first abutting piece disposed on either the inner side or the outer side sandwiched between the front side surface portion and the rear side surface portion and abutting on the front side surface portion, and the first abutting piece. The fixing member according to claim 1 , further comprising a second abutting piece disposed on the one side and abutting against the rear side surface portion. The fixing part fixing member according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has a regulating portion for regulating a rotation of the movable portion by being abutted to the movable portion. The fixed member according to claim 3, wherein the movable portion supports the functional panel in an inclined state in contact with the restricting portion.

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