JP6575264B2 - Coke oven - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a coke oven provided with a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber, and a heat storage chamber disposed in a lower portion of the combustion chamber.

In a coke oven that heats coal to generate coke, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, a plurality of carbonization chambers and combustion chambers are alternately arranged and charged into the carbonization chamber. Coke is produced by dry distillation of coal with heat from the combustion chamber. And the coke in a carbonization chamber is extruded by the extrusion ram of a coke extruder.
Further, as shown in Patent Document 2, a heat storage chamber is disposed in the lower portion of the combustion chamber, and combustion gas and air are introduced into the combustion chamber through the heat storage chamber, and exhaust gas in the combustion chamber is discharged. It is supposed to be a structure.

  Here, since the coke oven is operated under a high temperature condition, the coke oven may be aged due to long-term use, and the thermal efficiency may be greatly reduced. The cause of this decrease in thermal efficiency has not been clarified. Conventionally, however, the use of high temperatures deteriorates the walls of the combustion chamber, carbonization chamber, and heat storage chamber, etc. When it fell, as shown, for example in patent document 2 and patent document 3, a part of furnace wall was disassembled and the refractory brick and the furnace wall brick were transshipped.

JP 2009-249453 A Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-054349 JP 07-247481 A

By the way, as shown in Patent Documents 2 and 3, when the furnace wall is dismantled and the refractory bricks and the furnace wall bricks are transshipped, there is a problem that the operation cost increases. In particular, since the heat storage chamber is located in the lower part of the combustion chamber, much labor and time are required for dismantling and transshipment operations.
Further, when the causes of the decrease in thermal efficiency are different, there is a possibility that the thermal efficiency may not be improved even if the refractory bricks and the furnace wall bricks are transshipped as described above.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described situation, and even when the thermal efficiency of the coke oven is lowered, the heat storage chamber for removing deposits while maintaining heat insulation and gas sealing performance is provided. An object of the present invention is to provide a coke oven capable of improving the thermal efficiency by a relatively simple operation by adopting the superstructure.

  In order to solve the above problems, as a result of intensive studies by the present inventors, when the coke oven is aged, the furnace wall refractory in the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber is peeled off and dropped, so that a foreign matter is formed on the upper part of the heat storage chamber. As a result, even if the furnace wall of the heat storage chamber is healthy, the introduction of combustion gas and air from the heat storage chamber to the combustion chamber and the exhaust gas exhaust from the heat storage chamber are hindered. The knowledge that it falls to is obtained.

The present invention has been made based on the above-mentioned knowledge, and a coke oven according to the present invention includes a plurality of carbonization chambers and adjacent to the carbonization chambers on both sides in the furnace width direction of the plurality of carbonization chambers. A coke oven comprising: a combustion chamber disposed; and a heat storage chamber disposed below the combustion chamber, for introducing combustion gas and air into the combustion chamber and for discharging exhaust gas in the combustion chamber. In the heat storage chamber, the bricks with gas flow paths are stacked, and the furnace wall of the heat storage chamber made of heat insulating bricks is used to remove foreign matter accumulated on the upper surface of the brick bricks. A foreign matter removing portion having an opening, wherein the foreign matter removing portion has an insertion hole portion that is not stacked with a brick brick and communicates with an upper space of the jitter brick, and a lid that seals the insertion hole portion; And the above-mentioned gitta It is characterized in that located on the upper surface from the top surface of the bricks.

According to the coke oven having this configuration, the brick wall provided with a gas flow path is stacked in the heat storage chamber, and the furnace wall of the heat storage chamber removes foreign matter accumulated on the upper surface of the jitter brick. Since the foreign substance removing part provided with the opening part for carrying out is provided, the foreign substance deposited on the upper surface of the brick brick of the heat storage chamber can be easily removed through this foreign substance removing part, and combustion from the heat storage chamber is possible. The introduction of the combustion gas and air into the chamber and the discharge of the exhaust gas from the heat storage chamber are performed satisfactorily, and the thermal efficiency can be improved with a simple operation.
Further, since the foreign matter removing portion has an insertion hole portion communicating with the upper space of the jitter brick and a lid portion that seals the insertion hole portion, when foreign matter removal is not performed, Gas leakage and heat loss from the foreign matter removing portion can be suppressed.

Here, in the coke oven of the present invention , the insertion hole portion has a metal tube having a flange portion at both ends of the opening portion, and the lid portion is a rod portion made of a heat insulating material inserted into the metal tube. The structural brick that constitutes the furnace wall of the heat storage chamber is formed with a through hole, and the metal tube is disposed so as to communicate with the through hole. It is good also as a structure fixed to the said structural brick via the other flange part.

In this case , the insertion hole portion has a metal tube having flange portions at both ends of the opening portion, and the lid portion includes a plate portion that comes into contact with one flange portion. Can be detachably attached. Therefore, by removing the lid portion, the insertion hole portion is opened, so the workability of the foreign matter removal work is improved. Moreover, since the said cover part is provided with the rod part which consists of a heat insulating material inserted in the said metal pipe, the thermal radiation from the said insertion hole part can be suppressed.
Further, a through-hole is formed in the structural brick constituting the furnace wall of the heat storage chamber, the metal pipe is disposed so as to communicate with the through-hole, and is fixed to the structural brick via the other flange portion. Therefore, the metal tube can be securely fixed in the furnace wall to constitute the insertion hole.

Furthermore, in the coke oven of the present invention, the lower end position of the insertion hole portion is located below 0 mm to 20 mm with respect to the upper surface position of the jitter brick where the upper space portion is formed, and the insertion hole portion opening area of the furnace wall, is preferably a 5000 mm ² or more 8000mm ² within the following ranges.
In this case, the lower end position of the insertion hole portion is located below 0 mm to 20 mm with respect to the upper surface position of the jitter brick, and the opening area of the insertion hole portion in the furnace wall is 5000 mm ² or more. Therefore, the foreign material deposited on the upper surface of the jitter brick can be easily removed.
Moreover, since the opening area in the said furnace wall of the said insertion hole part is restrict | limited to 8000 mm < ² > or less, a gas leak, a heat loss, the strength fall of a furnace wall, etc. can be suppressed.

  Moreover, in the coke oven of the present invention, the foreign matter removing portion has a cylindrical refractory made of a precast refractory material, the lid portion is made of refractory, and constitutes the furnace wall of the heat storage chamber. It is good also as a structure where the said cylindrical refractory material is arrange | positioned in the furnace wall brick.

  In this case, the foreign matter removing unit has a cylindrical refractory made of a precast refractory material, and the cylindrical refractory is disposed in a furnace wall brick constituting the furnace wall of the heat storage chamber. There is no great difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion with the brick, and cracks and the like can be prevented from occurring on the furnace wall. Moreover, gas-sealability improves by comprising a cover part with a refractory material, and the leak of the gas which flows through a thermal storage chamber can be suppressed.

Further, in the coke oven of the present invention, the foreign matter removing part has an insertion hole part communicating with the upper space of the glitter brick, and a lid part sealing the insertion hole part, and the insertion hole part The opening area in the furnace wall is preferably in the range of 8000 mm ^{2 to} 40000 mm ² .
Since the opening area in the furnace wall of the insertion hole portion is 8000 mm ² or more, the foreign matter deposited on the upper surface of the jitter brick can be easily removed.
Moreover, since the opening area in the said furnace wall of the said insertion hole part is restrict | limited to 40000 mm < ² > or less, the load of a furnace construction work, etc. can be suppressed.

Furthermore, in the coke oven according to the present invention, a plurality of the foreign matter removing portions may be arranged on the furnace wall of the heat storage chamber.
In the heat storage chamber, there are cases in which the height of the stacked glitter bricks may be designed to be partially different. Therefore, by forming a plurality of the foreign substance removing portions according to the upper surface position of each glitter brick, It is possible to reliably remove foreign matter accumulated on the upper surface of the brick.

  As described above, according to the present invention, even when the thermal efficiency of the coke oven is lowered, the superstructure of the heat storage chamber for removing the deposit while maintaining the heat insulating property and the gas sealing property is achieved. A coke oven capable of improving the thermal efficiency by a relatively simple operation can be provided.

It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the coke oven which is one Embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional explanatory drawing of the coke oven shown in FIG. It is a cross-sectional explanatory drawing of the carbonization chamber of a coke oven shown in FIG. 1, a combustion chamber, and a thermal storage chamber. It is explanatory drawing of the glitter brick stacked in the thermal storage chamber. It is a top view of a jitter brick. It is explanatory drawing of the foreign material removal part provided in the furnace wall of the thermal storage chamber shown in FIG. It is sectional explanatory drawing of the furnace wall in which the foreign material removal part was provided. It is explanatory drawing of a foreign material removal part. It is explanatory drawing of the cover part provided in the foreign material removal part. It is sectional explanatory drawing of the foreign material removal part provided in the furnace wall of the thermal storage chamber of the coke oven which is other embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the foreign material removal part shown in FIG.

Below, the coke oven 1 which is one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated with reference to attached drawing. In addition, this invention is not limited to the following embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 1, the coke oven 1 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of carbonization chambers 10 arranged in parallel, and a combustion chamber 20 is disposed between two adjacent carbonization chambers 10.
And as shown in FIG. 2, the thermal storage chamber 30 is arrange | positioned in the downward side of the carbonization chamber 10 and the combustion chamber 20 in parallel.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a plurality of inlets 12 for charging coal are formed on the upper surface of the carbonization chamber 10, and the carbonization chamber 10 has an end portion generated from the carbonization chamber 10. A rising pipe 14 for discharging the exhaust gas E is disposed, and the rising pipe 14 is connected to the dry men 3.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an inspection hole 21 and a thermometer 22 for inspecting the inside of the combustion chamber 20 are disposed on the upper surface of the combustion chamber 20. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a partition wall 24 is disposed in the combustion chamber 20.

The heat storage chamber 30 is configured to introduce the combustion gas G and air A into the combustion chamber 20 and to exhaust the exhaust gas in the combustion chamber 20, and as shown in FIG. It is connected to the supply pipe 5 and the flue 7 of A.
As shown in FIG. 3, the combustion gas G is introduced into the combustion chamber 20 from the one heat storage chamber 30a, and the air A is supplied from the heat storage chamber 30b adjacent to the one heat storage chamber 30a, and the inside of the combustion chamber 20 The exhaust gas E is exhausted, and the exhaust gas E in the combustion chamber 20 is exhausted to the other heat storage chamber 30c. Each heat storage chamber 30 (30a, 30b, 30c) is adjacent to the heat storage chamber 30c. Along with the chamber 30 (30a, 30b, 30c), the introduction is performed while switching the introduction of the combustion gas G, the introduction of the air A, and the exhaust gas E. Thereby, the combustion gas G will be introduce | transduced in the state in which the thermal storage chamber 30 was pre-heated with the heat | fever of the waste gas E, and thermal efficiency is improved.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in this heat storage chamber 30, a glitter brick 32 provided with a gas flow path 33 is stacked.
Here, when the coke oven 1 is used for a long period of time, bricks such as the furnace walls of the combustion chamber 20 and the carbonization chamber 10 fall off and accumulate on the top of the brick brick 32, and the outlet of the gas flow path 33 is blocked. The gas flow between the heat storage chamber 30 and the combustion chamber 20 is hindered, and the thermal efficiency is greatly reduced.

For this reason, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the furnace wall 36 of the heat storage chamber 30 is provided with a foreign matter removing unit 40 for removing foreign matter deposited on the upper surface of the jitter brick 32.
Here, as shown in FIG. 7, the furnace wall 36 of the heat storage chamber 30 includes a structural brick 37 (silica brick) stacked on the side of the glitter brick 32 and an insulating brick 38 stacked on the outside of the structural brick 37. The foreign substance removing unit 40 is formed so as to penetrate the heat insulating bricks 38 and the structural bricks 37.

As shown in FIG. 7, the foreign matter removing portion 40 includes an insertion hole portion 41 that communicates with the upper space of the jitter brick 32, and a lid portion 47 that seals the insertion hole portion 41.
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the insertion hole portion 41 is provided such that the lower end position of the insertion hole portion 41 is located 0 mm to 20 mm below the upper surface position of the jitter brick 32.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the insertion hole portion 41 includes a through hole 42 formed in the structural brick 37 and a metal tube 43 disposed so as to be connected to the through hole 42.
When the through-hole 42 is drilled in the structural brick 37, first, the heat insulating brick 38 is disassembled, and a fixing jig is inserted so that the upper brick of the opening portion does not collapse. Then, the core boring machine is fixed and processing is performed while cooling with air using a diamond processing tool.

The metal tube 43 is made of, for example, SUS304 or the like, and flange portions 44 and 44 are formed on both end surfaces thereof.
The metal tube 43 is fixed to the side surface of the structural brick 37 in which the through hole 42 is opened by the fixing bolt 9 via the flange portion 44. The metal tube 43 is positioned at the heat insulating brick 38 portion of the furnace wall 36, and an irregular refractory material such as castable is disposed on the outer peripheral side thereof, and the heat insulating bricks 38 are stacked on the upper and lower sides thereof. ing.

As shown in FIG. 9, the lid portion 47 includes a rod portion 48 that is inserted into the metal tube 43 and a plate portion 49 that is in contact with the flange portion 44 of the metal tube 43. The rod portion 48 is made of a heat insulating material and has a length that reaches the through hole 42 of the structural brick 37 from the metal tube 43.
Further, the plate portion 49 is configured to be in contact with the flange portion 44 of the metal tube 43 and fixed with the fixing bolt 9.

Then, the opening area in the furnace wall 36 of the insertion hole 41 is a 5000 mm ² or more 8000mm ² within the following ranges.
Here, the lower limit of the opening area in the furnace wall 36 of the insertion hole 41 is set to 5000 mm ² or more in consideration of the efficiency of removing foreign matters such as dropped bricks deposited on the upper surface of the jitter brick 32.

On the other hand, the upper limit of the opening area in the furnace wall 36 of the insertion hole 41 is set from the viewpoint of heat loss, gas seal, brick strength, and brick dropout.
The heat loss due to the formation of the insertion hole 41 is preferably as small as possible, but in order to suppress this heat loss to 10% or less, the opening area of the insertion hole 41 should be limited to 8000 mm ² or less. Is preferred.

Further, regarding the gas sealing property, it is necessary to consider the thermal expansion coefficient of the structural brick 37. When the insertion hole portion 41 is closed by the lid portion 47, a mortar seal is disposed between the through hole 42 of the structural brick 37 and the rod portion 48 of the lid portion 47. Usually, the gap to be sealed with the mortar is about 2 mm. Therefore, considering the size of the gap with the mortar seal, the thermal expansion coefficient of the structural brick 37 and the operation temperature, the opening area of the insertion hole 41 is 8000 mm. ^By limiting to ² or less, the gas sealability is secured.

With respect to the strength of the brick in which the insertion hole 41 is formed, it is only necessary to ensure the compressive strength that can support the brick located above the portion in which the insertion hole 41 is formed. The necessary compressive strength will vary depending on the structure of the coke oven 1 (heat storage chamber 30). Usually, if the opening area of the insertion hole 41 is 8000 mm ² or less, sufficient brick strength can be secured. it can.

  Further, in order to suppress the falling of the structural brick 37 due to the formation of the insertion hole 41, the opening diameter of the insertion hole 41 may be set to ½ or less of the minimum length of the structural brick 37. This opening diameter also varies depending on the structure of the coke oven 1 (heat storage chamber 30). Usually, the opening diameter of the insertion hole portion 41 is set to 100 mm or less to prevent the structural brick 37 from falling off. it can.

From the above viewpoint, the upper limit of the opening area in the furnace wall 36 of the insertion hole 41 is set to 8000 mm ² or less.

In the coke oven 1 according to the present embodiment having the above-described configuration, when the thermal efficiency is significantly reduced by long-term use, the cover 47 of the foreign matter removing unit 40 is removed and the insertion hole 41 is opened. The foreign matter such as dropped bricks deposited on the brick brick 32 of the heat storage chamber 30 is scraped out through the insertion hole 41. In addition, when a large foreign material exists, it is preferable to crush and scrape the foreign material in the heat storage chamber 30.
Thus, by removing the foreign matter on the glitter brick 32, the gas flow between the heat storage chamber 30 and the combustion chamber 20 is promoted, and the thermal efficiency is improved.

Further, in the present embodiment, the foreign matter removing portion 40 includes the insertion hole portion 41 communicating with the upper space of the jitter brick 32, and the lid portion 47 that seals the insertion hole portion 41. During normal operation, the insertion hole 41 is sealed by the lid 47, and gas leakage and heat loss from the foreign matter removal unit 40 can be suppressed.
Furthermore, since the lower end position of the insertion hole 41 is located below 0 mm to 20 mm with respect to the upper surface position of the jitter brick 32, the foreign matter on the jitter brick 32 is scraped so as to be dragged through the insertion hole 41. Can be easily removed.

And in this embodiment, since the opening area in the furnace wall 36 of the penetration hole part 41 is 5000 mm < ² > or more, the workability | operativity of the removal operation | work of the foreign material deposited on the upper surface of the jitter brick 32 improves. .
Moreover, since the opening area in the furnace wall 36 of the insertion hole part 41 is restrict | limited to 8000 mm < ² > or less, a gas leak, a heat loss, the strength fall of a brick, falling of a brick, etc. can be suppressed.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the insertion hole portion 41 includes a through hole 42 formed in the structural brick 37 and a metal tube 43 arranged so as to be connected to the through hole 42. Since the fixing bolt 9 is fixed to the side surface of the structural brick 37 in which the hole 42 is opened via the flange portion 44, the metal tube 43 is securely inserted so that the through hole 42 and the inner peripheral hole of the metal tube 43 are inserted. The insertion hole 41 that can be fixed and communicates with the upper space of the jitter brick 32 can be reliably formed.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the plate portion 49 of the lid portion 47 is fixed to the flange portion 44 of the metal tube 43 by the fixing bolt 9, the insertion hole portion 41 is sealed by the lid portion 47 during operation. When the foreign matter is removed, the lid 47 can be removed and the insertion hole 41 can be opened, which is excellent in workability. Moreover, since the cover part 47 has the rod part 48 inserted in the insertion hole part 41, and this rod part 48 is comprised with the heat insulating material, the heat loss from the insertion hole part 41 can be suppressed. it can.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the insertion hole 41 is closed by the lid 47, a mortar seal is disposed between the through hole 42 of the structural brick 37 and the rod 48 of the lid 47. Gas sealing properties can be improved, and gas leakage from the insertion hole 41 can be suppressed.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the metal tube 43 which comprises the penetration hole part 41 is located in the heat insulation brick 38 part among the furnace walls 36, and indefinite shape refractory materials, such as a castable, are arrange | positioned by the outer peripheral side. Since the heat insulating bricks 38 are stacked on the upper and lower sides, the difference in thermal expansion between the metal tube 43 and the heat insulating bricks 38 can be absorbed by an indeterminate shaped refractory material such as castable. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of cracks and the like in the surface.

As mentioned above, although the coke oven which is embodiment of this invention was demonstrated, this invention is not limited to this, In the range which does not deviate from the technical idea of the invention, it can change suitably.
For example, in this embodiment, although it demonstrated as what formed one foreign material removal part in the thermal storage chamber, it is not limited to this, You may form a several foreign material removal part. In particular, as shown in FIG. 4, when the stacking heights of the jitter bricks are different, it is preferable to provide a plurality of foreign matter removing portions so as to correspond to the upper surface positions of the respective jitter bricks.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, although the penetration hole part was comprised by drilling a through-hole and fixing a metal pipe in the structural brick, it is not limited to this, For example, FIG. Like the foreign substance removal part 140 shown in FIG. 11, while forming the insertion hole part 141 with the cylindrical refractory material 143 which consists of a precast refractory material, you may comprise the cover part 147 with a refractory material.

  In this case, as shown in FIG. 10, the cylindrical refractory 143 is stacked instead of the structural bricks 37 and the heat insulating bricks 38, and the insertion hole 141 is formed in the furnace wall 36. For this reason, it is not necessary to make a through hole in the structural brick 37. Moreover, since the cylindrical refractory 143 has a thermal expansion coefficient similar to that of the structural brick 37 and the heat insulating brick 38, the occurrence of cracks due to thermal expansion can be suppressed. Furthermore, by sealing the lid 147 and the cylindrical refractory 143 with mortar or the like, the gas sealability can be greatly improved. In FIG. 10, the inside of the insertion hole 141 is hollow, but a heat insulating material that can be easily attached and detached may be packed in the insertion hole 141 during operation. Thereby, the heat loss from the insertion hole 141 can be suppressed.

Then, the opening area in the furnace wall 36 of the insertion hole 141 is a 8000mm ² or more 40000 mm ² within the following ranges.
Here, the lower limit of the opening area in the furnace wall 36 of the insertion hole 141 is set to 8000 mm ² or more in consideration of the efficiency of removing foreign matters such as dropped bricks deposited on the upper surface of the jitter brick 32. The lower limit of the opening area in the furnace wall 36 of the insertion hole 141 is preferably to 8000mm ² or more, and even more preferably from 10000 mm ² or more.

On the other hand, the upper limit of the opening area in the furnace wall 36 of the insertion hole 141 is set from the viewpoint of the furnace building work load.
Regarding the brick load, it is preferable to reduce the size that can be carried by one person, but in order to suppress this workability, it is preferable to limit the opening area of the insertion hole 141 to 40000 mm ² or less.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Coke oven 10 Coking chamber 20 Combustion chamber 30 Heat storage chamber 32 Gitter brick 36 Furnace wall 37 Structural brick 38 Thermal insulation brick 40 Foreign material removal part 41 Insertion hole part 43 Metal pipe 44 Flange part 47 Cover part 48 Rod part 49 Plate part 140 Foreign substance removal Part 141 insertion hole part 143 cylindrical refractory 147 lid part

Claims (6)

A plurality of carbonization chambers, combustion chambers disposed adjacent to the carbonization chambers on both sides in the furnace width direction of the plurality of carbonization chambers, disposed below the combustion chambers, and combustion gas and A coke oven equipped with a heat storage chamber for introducing air and exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber;
Gitter bricks provided with gas flow paths are stacked in the heat storage chamber, and the furnace wall of the heat storage chamber made of heat insulating bricks has an opening for removing foreign matter accumulated on the top surface of the brick brick. It has a foreign substance removal part with
The foreign matter removing portion has an insertion hole portion that is not stacked with a brick brick and communicates with an upper space of the jitter brick, and a lid portion that seals the insertion hole portion, and the uppermost surface of the jitter brick. A coke oven characterized by being located on the top surface . Plates pre Symbol insertion hole has a metal pipe having a flange portion on the opening ends, the lid, which is brought into contact with the rod portion and the one flange portion made of a heat insulating material to be inserted into the metal tube With
A through-hole is formed in the structural brick constituting the furnace wall of the heat storage chamber, the metal pipe is disposed so as to communicate with the through-hole, and is fixed to the structural brick via the other flange portion. The coke oven according to claim 1. The lower end position of the insertion hole portion is located below 0 mm to 20 mm with respect to the upper surface position of the jitter brick where the upper space portion is formed,
Coke oven according to claim 2, the opening area in the furnace wall of the insertion hole portion, characterized in that there is a 5000 mm ² or more 8000mm ² within the following ranges. The foreign matter removing portion has a cylindrical refractory made of a precast refractory material, and the lid portion is made of a refractory.
The coke oven according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical refractory is disposed in a furnace wall brick constituting the furnace wall of the heat storage chamber. The foreign matter removing portion has an insertion hole portion communicating with the upper space of the jitter brick, and a lid portion for sealing the insertion hole portion,
The coke oven according to claim 4, wherein an opening area of the insertion hole portion in the furnace wall is in a range of 8000 mm ^{2 to} 40000 mm ² .   The coke oven according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a plurality of the foreign matter removing portions are disposed on a furnace wall of the heat storage chamber.

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