JP6589282B2 - Rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine in which a rectifying element that generates an alternating current to generate a field current is disposed on a rotor side.

  The rotating electrical machine is mounted as a drive source in various drive devices. For example, an IPM motor (HYPERLINK "http://www.weblio.jp") that can obtain a large output (large torque) using a magnet torque of a permanent magnet embedded on the rotor side as a rotating electrical machine for vehicles. / content / Interior + Permanent + Magnet + Motor "\ o" Meaning of Interior Permanent Magnet Motor "Interior Permanent Magnet Motor) is known. Such IPM motors employ a neodymium magnet that has a high residual magnetic flux density and can ensure heat resistance, in response to demands for miniaturization and high output (high energy density). This neodymium magnet is a high-cost factor because it adds expensive rare earth elements such as Dy (dysprosium) and Tb (terbium). Moreover, securing the supply for the future may become unstable as the number increases.

  For this reason, in recent rotating electrical machines, a wound field synchronous motor in which a permanent magnet is replaced with an electromagnet has been proposed. In this wound field synchronous motor, an induced current generated by a rotor side coil is applied to the field. A self-excited type using a magnetic current has been proposed.

  As this self-excited winding field synchronous motor (rotary electric machine), for example, as described in Patent Document 1, a frequency higher than the fundamental frequency of the AC drive current supplied to the armature coil on the stator side The leakage magnetic flux (harmonic magnetic flux) is linked to a coil arranged on the rotor side.

  In the rotating electrical machine described in Patent Document 1, half-wave rectification is performed by a rectifying element while an alternating induction current is generated by a first coil that links leakage magnetic flux, and another second coil is self-excited. Thus, an electromagnet can be provided, and a magnet torque can be used instead of a permanent magnet.

JP 2014-54067 A

  However, in the rotating electric machine as described in Patent Document 1, in order to form an electromagnet with a direct current, a circuit configuration in which second coils installed in a plurality of locations are connected in series using two diodes. It is said. In this circuit configuration, there is a problem that the load on the diode is large, the induced voltage and the winding resistance are high, the copper loss is increased, and the conversion efficiency is lowered.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a rotating electrical machine that generates a magnetic force by effectively utilizing a leakage magnetic flux linked to the rotor side by being superimposed on a magnetic flux of a fundamental frequency with little loss and rotationally driving. It is aimed.

One aspect of the invention of a rotating electrical machine that solves the above problems is a rotating electrical machine that includes a stator having an armature coil that generates a magnetic flux when energized, and a rotor that rotates by the passage of the magnetic flux. A plurality of induction coils that generate an induced current by interlinking of harmonic components superimposed on the magnetic flux, a plurality of rectifier elements that rectify the induced current, and a field through which the induced current rectified by the rectifier element flows. A magnetic coil and a cover provided at an axial end of the rotor, and the induction coil and the field coil are arranged around a rotation axis to form a closed circuit with the rectifying element. A plurality of holders are formed on the outer surface of the cover, which accommodate the rectifier element and are provided with connection contacts that form the closed circuit, and the rectifier element is connected to the connection contact Has a connecting pin which, butt the connecting pin is fixed to the holder by fastening members in a state of being connected to the connection contacts, the field coil is being stretched in the radial direction of the rotor The induction coil is wound around an auxiliary pole disposed in a slot formed between the salient poles, and the auxiliary pole includes a body portion around which the induction coil is wound. And a pair of legs supported by the salient poles adjacent to the complementary poles .

  Thus, according to one aspect of the present invention, each of the induction coil, the field coil, and the rectifying element is arranged (segmented) so as to form a plurality of closed circuits, and the same number is provided in each closed circuit. Since the N-pole and S-pole electromagnets are provided, current induction and generation of electromagnetic force can be performed separately and function efficiently. Further, while rectifying each closed circuit to keep the load on the rectifying element small, it is possible to avoid making the induced voltage and the winding resistance unnecessarily high and to keep the copper loss small.

  Therefore, it is possible to provide a rotating electrical machine that can generate electromagnetic force by effectively utilizing the leakage magnetic flux linked to the rotor side with little loss and can be driven to rotate with high efficiency.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a rotating electrical machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a radial cross-sectional view of a semicircular portion of a circle showing a schematic overall configuration. FIG. 2 is a radial cross-sectional view enlarging a part of a circular shape showing a schematic overall configuration in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a simple circuit configuration diagram in which the induction coil and the field coil are connected via a diode. FIG. 4 is a circuit configuration diagram to be compared with the circuit of FIG. FIG. 5 is a circuit configuration diagram different from FIG. 4 compared with the circuit of FIG. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the overall appearance of the rotating electrical machine. FIG. 7 is an axial sectional view of the entire rotating electrical machine.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1-7 is a figure which shows the rotary electric machine which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

  1 and 2, the rotating electrical machine 100 has a structure that does not require energy input from the outside to the rotor 21 as will be described later. For example, the rotating electrical machine 100 has a performance suitable for mounting in a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle. have.

  A rotating electrical machine 100 includes a stator (stator) 11 formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and a rotor that is fixed to a shaft (rotary shaft) 101 that rotates as a drive shaft shown in FIGS. (Rotor) 21, and the rotor 21 is attached to the shaft 101 so as to rotate integrally with the shaft 101 aligned with the axis.

  The stator 11 is formed with a plurality of salient poles that are radially extended so that the outer peripheral surface 22a of the rotor teeth 22 of the rotor 21 faces the inner peripheral surface 12a through the air gap G. The stator teeth 12 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction. The stator teeth 12 are formed with an armature coil 14 by using a status lot 13 which is a space formed between adjacent side surfaces and concentrating three-phase windings for each phase individually. . The stator teeth 12 function as an electromagnet that generates a magnetic flux that rotates the rotor 21 that is housed facing the armature coil 14 by inputting a three-phase AC drive current to the armature coil 14.

  In the rotor 21, similarly to the stator teeth 12, a plurality of rotor teeth (saliency poles) 22 that are elongated in the radial direction and are formed in a salient pole shape are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction. The rotor teeth 22 are formed in such a manner that the outer circumferential surface 22a is appropriately close to the inner circumferential surface 12a of the stator teeth 12 at the time of relative rotation by making the number of the circumferential teeth different from that of the stator teeth 12.

  As a result, the rotating electrical machine 100 generates a magnetic flux when the armature coil 14 in the status lot 13 of the stator 11 is energized, and the outer periphery of the rotor teeth 22 that faces the magnetic flux from the inner peripheral surface 12a of the stator teeth 12. It can be linked to the surface 22a. In this rotating electrical machine 100, the rotor 21 is relatively rotated by a reluctance torque (main rotational force) that attempts to minimize the magnetic path through which the magnetic flux interlinking with the stator teeth 12 passes. As a result, the rotating electrical machine 100 can output, as mechanical energy, electrical energy that is energized and input from the shaft 101 that rotates integrally with the rotor 21 that rotates relatively in the stator 11 while matching the axis. That is, the rotating electrical machine 100 is constructed as a reluctance motor.

  At this time, in the rotating electrical machine 100, harmonic components are superimposed on the magnetic flux interlinking from the inner peripheral surface 12 a of the stator tooth 12 to the outer peripheral surface 22 a of the rotor tooth 22. For this reason, on the rotor 21 side as well, an electromagnetic current can be obtained by generating an induction current (auxiliary current) in the built-in coil by utilizing the change in the magnetic flux density of the harmonic component of the magnetic flux linked from the stator 11 side. .

  Specifically, simply supplying the driving power of the fundamental frequency to the armature coil 14 of the stator 11 simply rotates the rotor 21 (rotor teeth 22) with the main magnetic flux that fluctuates at the fundamental frequency. Even if the coil is simply arranged on the side, the interlinkage magnetic flux does not change and no induced current is generated.

  On the other hand, a harmonic component is superimposed on the magnetic flux, and the harmonic component interlinks with the rotor teeth 22 from the outer peripheral surface 22a side while temporally changing at a period different from the fundamental frequency. From this, the harmonic component superimposed on the magnetic flux of the fundamental frequency can efficiently generate an induced current without being separately input by installing a coil in the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface 22a of the rotor tooth 22. As a result, the harmonic magnetic flux that causes iron loss can be recovered as energy for self-excitation.

  Therefore, in the rotating electrical machine 100 of the present embodiment, the entire induction coil 27 concentratedly wound around the complementary core material (complementary electrode) 25 is accommodated in the rotor slot 23 between the rotor teeth 22 on the rotor 21 side. The field coils 28 (281, 282) that are concentratedly wound and connected in series are arranged so that the entire rotor teeth 22 are in one stage (one block).

  The complementary core material 25 supports legs (supporting portions) 35 on both side surfaces 22b facing each other with the rotor teeth 22 instead of screwing the shaft 101 parallel to the axis of the rotor 21 or the end cover. The body portion 31 around which the induction coil 27 is wound is connected and supported by the leg portion 35 so as to be positioned and held in the rotor slot 23 between the side surfaces 22b of the rotor teeth 22.

  The main body 31 of the auxiliary pole core material 25 is made of a magnetic steel sheet so as to be in a plate shape that can be wound around the induction coil 27 while facing the both side surfaces 22b of the rotor teeth 22 of the rotor 21 while extending in parallel with the shaft 101. The body portion 31 is formed by laminating, and in the rotor slot 23 between the rotor teeth 22, the induction coil 27 is wound by extending from the axial center outward in the radial direction of the rotor 21. The outer end surface 32 a of the outer end portion 32 is assembled to the rotor 21 so as to face the inner peripheral surface 12 a of the stator teeth 12 of the stator 11. The main body 31 of the complementary core material 25 is formed such that the outer end 32 on the outer peripheral surface side of the rotor 21 is thicker than the axial center side of the rotor 21, and the wound induction coil 27 rotates. It is designed to suppress shifting due to the centrifugal force of time. Here, the radially outward direction of the rotor 21 means a direction from the shaft center toward the outside of the outer peripheral surface on a straight line passing through the shaft center.

  The leg portions 35 of the complementary core material 25 are extended in parallel with the shaft 101 and are formed by laminating electromagnetic steel plates. The leg portion 35 of the complementary core member 25 has a plate shape that is extended so as to be supported from the radially inner end portion 31 i of the rotor 21 of the main body portion 31 toward both side surfaces 22 b of the rotor teeth 22. Is formed. Further, the leg portion 35 supports the main body portion 31 by assembling (connecting) the front end portion 36 by fitting into the support groove 39 formed on the both side surfaces 22b of the rotor teeth 22. ing. Thereby, the complementary core member 25 is assembled by fitting the tip portion 36 of the leg portion 35 into the support groove 39 of the rotor tooth 22 from the end face side in the rotation axis direction and sliding it. Here, the radially inward direction of the rotor 21 means a direction from the outer peripheral surface toward the axial center side on a straight line passing through the axial center.

  The leg portion 35 of the complementary core member 25 is formed by laminating electromagnetic steel plates that secure a sufficient strength to support the main body portion 31 and have the width as narrow as possible. It is formed in a shape that extends in the direction of the rotation axis with a width equal to or less than the thickness of the sheet. That is, the leg portion 35 is formed in a plate shape with a small cross-sectional area so as to limit the amount of magnetic flux passing between the main body portion 31 and the rotor tooth 22 as much as possible. In order to function as a separate magnetic pole (complementary pole), it is formed so as to be supported in a magnetically independent form.

  As a result, the amount of magnetic flux passing through the leg portion 35 of the supplementary core material 25 is limited in the rotor 21, and the magnetic flux lines that are about to pass through immediately become dense, so that the rotor 21 is easily magnetically saturated. From such a structure, the magnetic coupling between the complementary core material 25 and the rotor teeth 22 can be suppressed, and the complementary core material 25 can be supported in a state sufficiently magnetically independent from the rotor teeth 22. . For this reason, it can be avoided that magnetic fluxes interlinking with each of the rotor teeth 22 and the supplementary core material 25 interfere with each other to reduce the generation efficiency of the induced current and electromagnetic force, and the rotor 21 can have a large torque. Can be rotated with high efficiency.

  Further, with this structure, the rotor 21 is configured so that a part of the field coil 28 is disposed on the axially inner side of the rotor teeth 22 or the entire rotor teeth 22 before the auxiliary pole core material 25 is supported by the rotor teeth 22. Alternatively, the whole can be wound, and thereafter, the leg portion 35 of the complementary core member 25 can be fitted into the support groove 39 of the rotor tooth 22 and supported.

  At this time, the induction coil 27 may be wound around the main body 31 before or after the leg portions 35 of the supplementary core material 25 are supported by the rotor teeth 22. The field coil 28 includes a first field coil 281 that is radially inward of the leg portion 35 of the complementary pole core material 25 and a radially outer portion of the first field coil 281 that is radially outward of the leg portion 35 of the complementary pole core material 25. The first and second field coils 281 and 282 are connected in series to form the field coil 28. The first and second field coils 281 and 282 are connected in series.

  In this way, the rotor 21 can be positioned on the outer peripheral surface side of the rotor 21 by winding the induction coil 27 around the main body 31 of the complementary core material 25 by being supported by the legs 35 of the complementary core material 25. . Further, since the leg portion 35 of the complementary core member 25 is fitted into and supported by the support groove 39 of the rotor tooth 22, the first pole of the field coil 28 is not obstructed by the leg portion 35 of the complementary pole core member 25. The second field coils 281 and 282 can be wound around the entire rotor teeth 22. According to the embodiment of the present invention, with such a configuration, an induction current is efficiently generated in the induction coil 27 by effectively using the space in the rotor slot 23, and the induction current is converted into the field coil 28. To effectively generate electromagnetic force.

  When the first and second field coils 281 and 282 of the field coil 28 are wound around the entire rotor teeth 22 (both radially inward and radially outward) in one step, they are complementary poles. What is necessary is just to wind in the state which left the space which the leg part 35 of the core material 25 slides in the rotor slot 23. FIG. When the first and second field coils 281 and 282 are wound around the rotor teeth 22 before and after the auxiliary pole core material 25 is supported, the inner side (radially inward) of the rotor teeth 22 is wound. ), After winding the first field coil 281, before winding the induction coil 27 around the main body 31 of the complementary core material 25, or in a state where the induction coil 27 is wound around the main body 31. What is necessary is just to wind the 2nd field coil 282 around the outer peripheral side outer side (radial direction outer side) of the rotor teeth 22. FIG.

  The induction coil 27 employs a complementary core material 25 made of electromagnetic steel (magnetic material), thereby increasing the magnetic permeability so that the magnetic flux can be linked with high density. The inner peripheral surface of the stator tooth 12 By positioning it on the magnetic path facing through the air gap G as small as possible at 12a, more harmonic magnetic fluxes are linked. The induction coil 27 strictly performs magnetic field analysis so as to effectively use the third time harmonic component of the magnetic flux interlinking from the inner peripheral surface 12a of the stator tooth 12 to the outer peripheral surface 22a side of the rotor tooth 22. By checking the harmonic magnetic path, it is installed so that an induced current can be generated efficiently. The induction coil 27 is disposed between the rotor teeth 22 so as to ensure a necessary and sufficient gap between the induction coil 27 and the field coil 28.

Thus, by adopting the concentrated winding structure, the induction coil 27 and the field coil 28 do not need to be wound in the circumferential direction over a plurality of slots, and can be downsized as a whole. In addition, the induction coil 27 can efficiently generate and recover the induced current due to the linkage of the third time harmonic magnetic flux in the rotation coordinate (dq axis) while reducing the copper loss loss on the primary side. Energy loss can be increased.
Here, the third-order temporal harmonic in the rotational coordinates (dq axis) is the second-order spatial harmonic in the stationary coordinates.

  Further, the induction coil 27 is effectively interlinked by using a third time harmonic magnetic flux having a temporal change and an amplitude larger than that of the second time harmonic magnetic flux in the rotation coordinate. An induced current can be generated and recovered efficiently.

  Thus, the induction coil 27 and the field coil 28 are divided so that the magnetic flux paths do not interfere with each other, and are effectively used as a whole by winding them over a length (width) equivalent to the entire length of the rotor teeth 22. Since the magnetic flux is generated, the induced current can be efficiently generated while reducing the magnetic interference, and the magnetic flux can be generated effectively by functioning as an electromagnet.

  The rotating electrical machine 100 has a structure that mainly uses the 3f-order time harmonic magnetic flux (f = 1, 2, 3,...) In the rotation coordinates, and the number of salient poles (rotor teeth 22) on the rotor 21 side. P: The number of status lots 13 on the side of the stator 11 is 2: 3. For example, the third-order time harmonic magnetic flux pulsates in a short cycle because the frequency is higher than the fundamental frequency input to the armature coil 14. For this reason, the rotor 21 can generate an induced current efficiently by changing the magnetic flux intensity linked to the induction coil 27 between the rotor teeth 22, and the harmonic component superimposed on the magnetic flux of the fundamental frequency can be generated. Loss energy can be efficiently recovered and rotated.

  Further, as described above, the rotating electrical machine 100 has a structure that determines the quality of the relative magnetic action between the rotor 21 side and the stator 11 side, and has a ratio of the number of rotor teeth salient poles P to the number of status lots S. The reason why P / S = 2/3 is adopted is to reduce rotation of electromagnetic noise by reducing electromagnetic vibration.

  Specifically, when the magnetic field analysis of the magnetic flux density distribution is performed in the same manner as described above, the magnetic flux density distribution is also distributed in the circumferential direction within a mechanical angle of 360 degrees in accordance with the ratio of the number of salient teeth P and the number of status lots S. Therefore, uneven distribution is also recognized in the electromagnetic force distribution acting on the stator 11.

  On the other hand, in the rotating electrical machine 100, by adopting a structure in which the number of rotor teeth salient poles P / the number of status lots S = 2/3, a uniform density distribution is obtained over the entire circumference of a mechanical angle of 360 degrees. Magnetic flux can be linked, and the rotor 21 can be rotated in the stator 11 with high quality.

  As a result, the rotating electrical machine 100 can be rotated using the harmonic magnetic flux, so that the loss energy can be efficiently recovered and the electromagnetic vibration can be greatly reduced and the rotor can be rotated with high silence.

  Thus, the rotating electrical machine 100 efficiently generates an induced current in the induction coil 27 disposed on the q-axis on the rotor 21 side without supplying power to other than the armature coil 14 of the stator 11 and is disposed on the d-axis. The field coil 28 can be supplied as a field current and function as a self-excited electromagnet, and an auxiliary rotational force (electromagnetic force) that assists the main rotational force by supplying power to the armature coil 14 can be obtained to achieve high efficiency. Can be rotated. That is, in this rotating electrical machine 100, the q-axis harmonic magnetic flux can also be used as a field energy source, and a self-excited magnet torque with a higher mutual inductance coefficient than a structure in which no auxiliary pole is arranged on the q-axis. The density can be improved.

  And the induction coil 27 is formed in the concentrated winding used as the same circumference winding with respect to the radial direction of the rotor 21, is arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor 21, and is connected in parallel. Further, the field coil 28 in which the field coils 281 and 282 are connected in series to form a single stage is formed in a concentrated winding in which the adjacent windings are opposite to each other in the radial direction of the rotor 21. Further, both end portions of the field coils 281 and 282 connected in series are further connected in series between the outer circumferential side and the axial center side of the rotor 21 in the circumferential direction.

  The induction coil 27 and the field coil 28 form a closed circuit 30 (see FIG. 3) together with diodes (rectifier elements) 29A and 29B, with two sets of the rotor teeth 22 and the rotor slot 23 at adjacent positions as one set. is doing.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the closed circuit 30 includes two induction coils 27 in which both end portions of two field coils 28 (two sets of field coils 281 and 282) connected in series are connected in parallel. Both ends are connected via diodes 29A and 29B, respectively.

  Specifically, the closed circuit 30 is concentratedly wound in the same circumferential direction as the first connection end portion 28a on one side of the two field coils 28 that are concentratedly wound in the opposite circumferential direction and connected in series. The two first connection end portions 27a of the two induction coils 27 connected in parallel are connected at one connection point. Further, the second connection end portion 28b on the opposite side of the two field coils 28 connected in series is connected to the connection pin 29c on the cathode side of both the diodes 29A and 29B, and the two connected in parallel. The two second connection ends 27b of the induction coil 27 are connected to the connection pins 29c on the anode side of the diodes 29A and 29B.

  The diodes 29A and 29B do not form a general H-bridge type full-wave rectifier circuit, but are connected so as to have a phase difference of 180 degrees, and invert one induced current to generate a half-wave rectified output. A neutral point clamp type half-wave rectifier circuit is formed.

  As a result, in the rotating electrical machine 100, the induction coil core material 25 having a high permeability of the induction coil 27 has as little interference as possible with the field coil 28 (less reduction in induction current), and the stator teeth 12 By passing the harmonic component superimposed on the interlinkage magnetic flux from the peripheral surface 12a to the outer peripheral surface 22a side of the rotor teeth 22, an induced current can be efficiently generated and recovered. The induced currents individually generated by the induction coils 27 can be used after being rectified by the diodes 29A and 29B and then combined and flowed individually to the field coils 28 connected in series. 28 can be effectively self-excited to generate a large magnetic flux (electromagnetic force).

  Further, in this rotating electrical machine 100, the closed circuit 30 is configured by two sets of the adjacent induction coil 27 and the field coil 28 and the diodes 29A and 29B, but the induction coil 27 in the closed circuit 30 is the same. The field coil 28 is wound in such a manner that the winding directions wound around the entire circumferential direction of the rotor 21 are alternated.

  For this reason, in the rotating electrical machine 100, the magnetization direction of the electromagnet generated in the field coil 28 by energization of DC power is alternated in the circumferential direction, and the N pole and the S pole with respect to the stator teeth 12 of the stator 11. And face each other. That is, in the rotating electrical machine 100, one of the field coils 28 for each closed circuit 30 functions as a first electromagnet that causes the N pole to face the stator 11, and the other of the field coils 28 corresponds to the stator 11. The field coils 28 are arranged so as to function as second electromagnets that face the S poles and to function as electromagnets that face the same number of N or S poles.

  As a result, the rotating electrical machine 100 effectively uses the generated magnetic flux while avoiding mutual interference and weakening by the induction coil 27 and the field coil 28 that are divided and separately used for excitation and field. Further, it can be used after being smoothed, and can be efficiently recovered and output as energy. That is, the rotor teeth 22 constitute salient poles around which the field coil 28 is wound, and the complementary pole core material 25 constitutes an auxiliary pole around which the induction coil 27 is wound.

  Further, in this rotating electrical machine 100, six sets of the closed circuit 30 shown in FIG. 3 are arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction of the rotor 21 as shown in FIG. 6, and the number of rotor teeth salient poles P / status lot By adopting the structure in which the number S = 2/3, the waveform of the harmonic magnetic flux linked to the induction coil 27 of each closed circuit 30 can be made common. For this reason, the induced current generated by the induction coil 27 without phase difference can be supplied to the field coil 28 as a comparable field current rectified by the diodes 29A and 29B, and the generated electromagnetic force can be effectively used without loss. Thus, the rotor 21 can be driven to rotate efficiently and with high quality.

  With such a circuit configuration, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, when all the induction coils 27 and the field coils 28 of the rotor 21 are rectified by two diodes 29A and 29B, and each is a series circuit that functions as an electromagnet. Rather than being segmented into six sets for each closed circuit 30 shown in FIG. 3, it is possible to avoid the winding resistance from being integrated and becoming a high resistance value.

  For this reason, for example, in the case where the rotor 21 is rotated at a low speed in order to drive the vehicle at a low speed, the change in the amount of magnetic flux linked to the induction coil 27 is reduced and the induced current is also reduced. Then, it is possible to excite the field coil 28 without wasting power by wasting the winding resistance of the induction coil 27 and the field coil 28 (reducing the limiting resistance value). Thereby, the electromagnetic force can be efficiently generated and the rotational force generated by the armature coil 14 of the stator 11 can be effectively assisted.

  At this time, the induction voltage generated by the induction coil 27 and the field voltage generated by the field coil 28 can also be dispersed and suppressed to a low voltage, and the copper loss generated by energizing the winding can be reduced. it can. Therefore, it is not necessary to consider that the integrated value of the induction voltage of the induction coil 27 and the field voltage of the field coil 28 does not exceed the upper limit, and a desired torque can be obtained because the voltage value becomes too high. It is possible to avoid becoming impossible.

  By the way, lowering the resistance and lowering the voltage of the induction coil 27 and the field coil 28 can also be achieved by connecting each of the induction coil 27 and the field coil 28 in parallel as shown in FIG. . However, each of the induction coil 27 and the field coil 28 that are connected in parallel with both ends connected to each other generates an induced voltage that generates a magnetic flux in a direction that cancels the generation (change) of the magnetic flux. A current that circulates in the parallel circuit of the field coil 28 is generated, thereby preventing the generation of magnetic flux (magnetic force). For this reason, as the rectifying circuit of the rotating electrical machine 100, it is preferable to arrange six sets of the closed circuit 30 in the rotor 21.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the rotating electrical machine 100 is formed by pressure molding after winding the armature coil 14 of the stator 11, the induction coil 27 of the rotor 21, and the field coil 28. The coil end cover 110 is attached and covered on the outer end surface of the rotor 21 in which the axially outer shape of the shaft 101 is constant.

  The coil end cover 110 is attached to a connecting end portion 101a side of a shaft (drive shaft) 101 to be described later, and a plurality of sets of diodes 29A and 29B are provided for each closed circuit 30 on the outer surface 110a on the outer side in the axial direction. It is supposed to be installed in. The diodes 29A and 29B are accommodated in a case (package) 121, and the case 121 is easily fitted into a plurality of holders 111 formed on the outer surface 110a of the coil end cover 110 to connect the connection pin 29c. The closed circuit 30 is formed by connecting to the connection contact 112.

  The holder 111 is disposed at a position corresponding to the closed circuit 30 in the circumferential direction of the outer surface 110a of the coil end cover 110, and can be fitted with the case 121 including the connection pin 29c, and has the same shape in the circumferential direction. It is formed in a continuous hole shape.

  Thereby, the coil end cover 110 can make the center of gravity coincide with the axial center of the shaft 101 by arranging the holder 111 evenly in the circumferential direction of the outer surface 110a (on the circumference centering on the rotation axis). The rotation quality of 21 is not deteriorated. In the present embodiment, the case where the holders 111 are arranged at equal intervals on the coil end cover 110 on the outer end face side of the rotor 21 will be described as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the holders 111 may be arranged on the outer peripheral surface side of the rotor 21, and may be arranged at positions where the rotational centers are unequal so that the center of gravity coincides with the axis.

  Specifically, the diodes 29A and 29B are housed in the case 121 as a pair, and the cathode-side connection pins 29c are connected to each other to be exposed to the outside, and the anode-side connections are connected to each other. It is packaged in a cathode common type in which the pin 29c is exposed to the outside as it is.

  The coil end cover 110 is clamped by hexagonal bolts 118 while the circuit board 115 is sandwiched between the outer end surfaces of the rotor 21 and an end plate 116 that functions as a balance correction plate and a heat radiating plate, which will be described later, is positioned further outward. The shaft 101 is screwed.

  Although not shown, the circuit board 115 is formed with a conduction pattern that connects the induction coil 27, the field coil 28, and the diodes 29A and 29B to form the closed circuit 30. The circuit board 115 is formed with contacts 115a for connecting the induction coil 27 and the field coil 28 on the rotor 21 side, and connected to the connection pins 29c of the diodes 29A and 29B set on the coil end cover 110. Thus, a contact 115b for connecting the conducting wire 113 connected to the connection contact 112 formed in the holder 111 is also formed.

  The end plate 116 is manufactured so as not to affect the formation of a magnetic path during operation by molding a non-magnetic metal plate, for example, a brass plate, into a disk shape having substantially the same diameter as the coil end cover 110. The end plate 116 is in close contact with a heat radiating surface (for example, an aluminum base surface) 121a formed on one side of the case 121, which will be described later, and heat generated during the function of the diodes 29A and 29B is exchanged and released to the outside. It functions as a heat sink. The end plate 116 is also formed so as to correct the deviation of the shaft 101 (around the rotation axis) corresponding to various components installed in the rotating electrical machine 100, and functions as a balance correction plate to rotate the entire plate. It is designed to ensure balance.

  The case 121 is screwed to the coil end cover 110 together with the end plate 116 with a fastening bolt 119 in a state of being set in the holder 111, and the end plate 116 is in close contact with the heat radiating surface 121a. It is supposed to be.

  Here, the rotating electrical machine 100 has a coupling end 101a on one end side of the shaft 101 formed in a knurled shape, for example, in a coupling hole (not shown) provided on the mechanism side constituting the power transmission path on the vehicle side. The housing (not shown) formed in a shape covering the whole of the stator 11 is attached and installed to the vehicle side by screwing or the like. ing.

  The rotation of the rotating electrical machine 100 is detected by a resolver (rotation detecting element) 131 attached to the rotating end 101b opposite to the connecting end 101a of the shaft 101 so as to be positioned in the housing. 131 detects the rotation of the shaft 101 by fixing the rotor resolver 132 to the rotation end 101b of the shaft 101 so as to rotate integrally with the holding ring 139 and fixing the resolver stator 133 to the housing side so as not to rotate. It has become.

  For this reason, in the rotating electrical machine 100, the diodes 29A and 29B (case 121) are installed on the coil end cover 110 disposed on the side of the connecting end 101a opposite to the rotating end 101b on which the resolver 131 is installed. It can be avoided that noise generated during operation of the diodes 29A and 29B affects the resolver 131 and lowers the detection accuracy.

  As described above, in the rotating electrical machine 100 of the present embodiment, a plurality of closed circuits 30 are formed by the induction coil 27 of the supplementary core material 25, the field coil 28 of the rotor teeth 22, and the diodes 29A and 29B. Since it functions as an electromagnet in which the outer peripheral surface 22a side of two adjacent rotor teeth 22 is an N-pole or an S-pole, it functions efficiently separately from induction (induction) of current and generation of electromagnetic force (field). be able to.

  In addition, since the induced current is generated and rectified in each of the plurality of closed circuits 30 to obtain the field current, the current value (load) rectified by the diodes 29A and 29B is kept small, and the induced voltage and winding resistance are reduced. It is possible to avoid unnecessarily high. Thereby, copper loss can be suppressed and electromagnetic force (magnet torque) can be generated efficiently.

  Therefore, the rotating electrical machine 100 that can generate electromagnetic force by effectively using the leakage magnetic flux (harmonic) interlinked from the stator 11 side to the rotor 21 side with little loss and can be driven to rotate efficiently. Can be provided.

  Further, since the diodes 29A and 29B are set in the holder 111 of the coil end cover 110 attached to the connecting end 101a side that is axially separated from the resolver 131 on the rotating end 101b side of the shaft 101, rectification of the induced current is performed. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of noise that affects the rotation detection of the resolver 131, and to prevent the rotation quality from being deteriorated.

  In addition, the diodes 29A and 29B can be connected to the closed circuit 30 by simply packaging the diodes 29A and 29B in the case 121 and setting them in the holder 111 on the outer surface 110a side of the coil end cover 110. The work such as replacement can be easily completed simply by removing.

  In this coil end cover 110, the holder 111 on the outer surface 110a side is evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the circumference centered on the axis so as to correspond to the plurality of closed circuits 30, so that the diodes 29A, 29B (case 121) ) Can be set to coincide with the center of the axis even in the set state, and the rotation quality is prevented from deteriorating due to the layout of the diodes 29A and 29B.

  Here, as another aspect of the present embodiment, although illustration is omitted, in the present embodiment, the case where the induction coil 27 is arranged on the complementary core material 25 installed in the rotor slot 23 is taken as an example. Explain, but not limited to this. For example, the induction coil 27 may be arranged on the outer peripheral surface 22a side close to the stator 11 of the rotor teeth 22 and the field coil 28 may be arranged on the shaft 101 (axial center) side. In this case as well, as in this embodiment, segmentation is performed for each closed circuit 30 to suppress the current value rectified by the diodes 29A and 29B, and the induced voltage and winding resistance are unnecessarily increased. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the copper loss and efficiently generate the electromagnetic force.

  Further, the present invention is not limited to the radial gap structure in which the air gap G is formed in the radial direction as in the rotary electric machine 100, but can be applied to an axial gap structure in which the gap is formed in the rotation axis direction. In this case as well, segmentation may be performed for each closed circuit 30.

  In addition, the stator 11 and the rotor 21 are not limited to being formed of a laminated structure of electromagnetic steel plates. For example, a soft magnetic composite material (Soft Magnetic Composites) in which the surface of magnetic particles such as iron powder is insulation-coated. Further, a powder magnetic core produced by iron powder compression molding and heat treatment, so-called SMC core may be employed. This SMC core is suitable for an axial gap structure because it is easy to mold.

  Further, the rectification processing of the induced current is not limited to the diodes 29A and 29B, and other semiconductor elements such as switching elements may be mounted.

  The acquisition of magnet torque is not limited to the field coil 28, and a permanent magnet may be used in combination.

  Moreover, the rotary electric machine 100 is not limited to vehicle-mounted use, For example, it can employ | adopt suitably as drive sources, such as a wind power generation and a machine tool.

  While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. All such modifications and equivalents are intended to be included in the following claims.

11 Stator 12 Stator Teeth 13 Status Lot 14 Armature Coil 21 Rotor 22 Rotor Teeth
23 Rotor slot 25 Supplement core material (complement)
27 Inductive coils 28, 281, 282 Field coils 29A, 29B Diode (rectifier element)
30 closed circuit 100 rotating electrical machine 101 shaft (rotating shaft)
110 Coil end cover 110a Outer surface (outer end surface)
111 Holder 115 Circuit board 116 End plate 121 Case (package)
121a Heat dissipation surface 131 Resolver (detection element)
G Air gap

Claims (4)

A rotating electrical machine comprising: a stator having an armature coil that generates magnetic flux by energization; and a rotor that rotates by passage of the magnetic flux,
The rotor includes a plurality of induction coils in which an induced current is generated by interlinking of harmonic components superimposed on the magnetic flux, a plurality of rectifier elements that rectify the induced current, and the induction rectified by the rectifier element A field coil through which a current flows, and a cover provided at an axial end of the rotor,
The induction coil and the field coil are arranged around a rotation axis to form a closed circuit with the rectifying element,
The outer surface of the cover is formed with a plurality of holders that accommodate the rectifying element and are provided with connection contacts that form the closed circuit,
The rectifying element has a connection pin connected to the connection contact, and the connection pin is fixed to the holder by a fastening member in a state where the connection pin is connected to the connection contact ;
The field coil is wound around salient poles extending in the radial direction of the rotor,
The induction coil is wound around an auxiliary pole disposed in a slot formed between the salient poles;
The auxiliary pole includes a main body around which the induction coil is wound, and a pair of legs supported by the salient pole adjacent to the auxiliary pole . The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 , wherein a circuit board connected to the connection contact, the induction coil, and the field coil is disposed inside the cover . The plurality of holders are arranged in the circumferential direction at equal intervals on the outer surface of the cover,
The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the rectifying element is accommodated in the holder such that a longitudinal direction thereof faces a circumferential direction . 4. The rectifying element according to claim 1, wherein the rectifying element is disposed on a side opposite to the axial direction across the rotor with respect to a position where a detecting element for detecting rotation of the rotating shaft is installed. The rotating electrical machine according to item 1 .

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