JP6598754B2 - Rotating electric machine and method of manufacturing rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine having a permanent magnet in a rotor and a method for manufacturing the rotating electrical machine.

  A rotating electrical machine may be assembled in a state where the axis of the rotor is deviated from the axis of the stator. Hereinafter, the deviation of the axis of the rotor relative to the axis of the stator is referred to as “axis deviation”, and the magnitude of the axis deviation is referred to as “axis deviation”. If the rotor rotates in a state where the shaft is displaced, an unbalanced electromagnetic excitation force is generated in the rotor, which causes vibration and noise. For this reason, when assembling a rotating electrical machine, it is performed to detect and adjust the axial deviation of the rotor. In Patent Document 1 below, the rotor is rotated by external power, the induced power generated in the stator winding is measured to calculate an integral value, and the eccentric amount of the rotor shaft center is calculated based on the calculated integral value. A method of detecting is described.

JP-A-11-201712

  However, in the detection method described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to measure the induced power generated in the windings of the stator for all the windings, which makes the measurement complicated, and the structure of the measuring device and the measurement are performed. The structure of the rotating electrical machine is also complicated, and there is a problem that it is not possible to easily measure the amount of axial deviation of the rotor and adjust the axial deviation of the rotor.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a rotating electrical machine that can easily measure the amount of axial deviation of a rotor. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a rotating electrical machine that can easily adjust the axial deviation of a rotor.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the present invention provides a stator that is formed in a cylindrical shape and has a first axis, and is disposed on the inner peripheral side or outer peripheral side of the stator via a gap. A rotor that rotates in the direction around the axis of two axes, an outer shell that covers the stator, two bearings that rotatably support the rotor, and three that are arranged symmetrically with respect to the first axis The rotating electrical machine having the above teeth as a stator has a voltage measuring terminal capable of measuring an induced power generated in a winding wound around two or more teeth out of three or more teeth, Has a first outer shell to which the stator iron core of the stator is fixed, and a bearing holding portion that holds at least one of the two bearings, and is configured to be movable in a direction intersecting the first axis. A second outer shell.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily perform the measurement of the amount of axial deviation of the rotor with respect to the axis of the stator and the adjustment of the axial deviation.

Sectional drawing which shows the rotary electric machine which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the stator and the rotor when the rotating electrical machine shown in FIG. 1 is cut along the II-II plane. Connection diagram of windings in rotating electrical machine according to Embodiment 1 Vector diagram showing the induced power generated in each winding shown in FIG. Sectional drawing of the rotary electric machine which shows the state which the 1st axial center and the 2nd axial center shifted | deviated FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the stator and the rotor when the rotating electrical machine shown in FIG. 5 is cut along the VI-VI plane. Relationship diagram of induced electric power generated in windings to change in gap length due to axial deviation Connection diagram for explaining the method according to the first embodiment for measuring the axis deviation Sectional drawing of the rotary electric machine which concerns on Embodiment 1 after adjusting axial deviation to the minimum Flowchart showing the flow of processing of axis deviation adjustment based on the measurement of the axis deviation amount and the axis deviation amount Connection diagram for measuring axis deviation using a network of impedance elements Cross-sectional view of stator and rotor according to Embodiment 2 Cross-sectional view of stator and rotor according to Embodiment 3 Connection diagram showing the position of the voltage measurement terminal according to the third embodiment Vector diagram showing the induced power generated in each winding in the third embodiment Cross section of rotating electric machine according to Embodiment 4 Vector diagram of induced power generated in each winding shown in FIG.

  Embodiments of a rotating electrical machine according to embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a rotating electrical machine 10 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the stator 11 and the rotor 12 when the rotating electrical machine 10 shown in FIG. 1 is cut along the II-II plane. FIG. 3 is a connection diagram of the winding 11c in the rotary electric machine 10 according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 2, from the viewpoint of avoiding complexity, the cut surface related to the winding 11 c is not illustrated.

  The rotating electrical machine 10 is provided integrally with the stator 11 having a cylindrical inner periphery, a cylindrical rotor 12 disposed inside the stator 11 via a gap 12a, and the rotor 12. A rotary shaft 13, a first bearing 14 and a second bearing 15 that rotatably support the rotary shaft 13, and a first outer shell 16 and a second outer shell 17 that cover the stator 11 are provided.

  The stator 11 has a first axis AX1. The stator 11 has a stator core 11a composed of a yoke 11y and teeth 11t, and a winding 11c. The stator core 11a is made of a magnetic material. Examples of the magnetic material include an electromagnetic steel plate, amorphous, or a dust core.

  The teeth 11t protrude from the yoke 11y toward the first axis AX1 of the stator 11. Twelve teeth 11t are provided point-symmetrically in the direction around the axis of the first axis AX1, that is, every 30 °.

  The winding 11c is wound around the tooth 11t. The four windings 11c wound around the four teeth 11t at positions shifted by 90 ° are connected in series. The four windings 11c connected in series have the same phase. In the first embodiment, three sets of in-phase windings 11c are formed. Hereinafter, these three sets are referred to as a U phase, a V phase, and a W phase. The four windings 11c constituting the U phase are denoted as windings U1, U2, U3, U4, and the four windings 11c constituting the V phase are denoted as windings V1, V2, V3, V4, The four windings 11c constituting the W phase are denoted as windings W1, W2, W3, and W4. Note that which windings are connected in series to have the same phase depends on the number of phases, the number of poles of the rotor 12 and the number of teeth 11t of the stator 11, and concentrated winding or distributed winding. In this case, it depends on the number of teeth 11t that the winding 11c straddles.

  As shown in the connection diagram of FIG. 3, the U-phase windings U1, U2, U3, U4 are connected in series, and the relay point between the winding U1 and the winding U2 is a first measurement terminal for voltage measurement. Connected to the terminal T1, a relay point between the winding U2 and the winding U3 is connected to a voltage measurement terminal T2 which is a second measurement terminal. Winding U1 is connected to lead part TU. Winding U4 is connected to connection point N with the other phase. The V-phase windings V1, V2, V3, and V4 are connected in series. Winding V1 is connected to lead-out part TV. Winding V4 is connected to connection point N with the other phase. The W-phase windings W1, W2, W3, and W4 are connected in series. The winding W1 is connected to the lead portion TW. Winding W4 is connected to a connection point N with another phase. The voltage measuring terminals T1, T2 and the lead portions TU, TV, TW have a structure that allows voltage measurement from the outside of the rotating electrical machine 10 through a window hole 17d opened in the second outer shell 17. The window hole 17 d may be provided in the first outer shell 16. Note that the window hole 17d need not be provided as long as the lead wire electrically connected to the voltage measuring terminals T1, T2 and the lead portions TU, TV, TW can be drawn to the outside.

  Subsequently, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotor 12 rotates in the direction around the second axis AX <b> 2. 1 and 2 show a case where the second axis AX2 of the rotor 12 coincides with the first axis AX1 of the stator 11. The rotor 12 has a permanent magnet 12m on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 13 via a rotor yoke 12y. As shown in FIG. 2, the permanent magnet 12m of the rotor 12 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and four combinations of N poles and S poles are arranged at intervals of 90 ° in the direction around the axis of the second axis AX2. It is the specification of the pole. One combination of the N pole and the S pole is called “one pole pair”, and the example of FIG. 2 is a specification having a permanent magnet of a four pole pair.

  The rotating shaft 13 is formed in a cylindrical shape. The rotating shaft 13 shares an axis with the rotor 12. That is, the axis of the rotating shaft 13 coincides with the second axis AX2. Therefore, the rotating shaft 13 rotates integrally with the rotation of the rotor 12 in the direction around the axis of the second axis AX2. The rotating shaft 13 is provided in a state protruding from both ends of the rotor 12 in the axial direction of the second axis AX2. The rotating shaft 13 has a load side shaft end portion 13a and an anti-load side shaft end portion 13b. The load side shaft end 13a is an end protruding from one end of the rotor 12 in the axial direction of the second axis AX2. Further, the anti-load side shaft end portion 13b is an end portion protruding from a different side from the load side shaft end portion 13a among both ends of the rotor 12 in the axial direction of the second axis AX2.

  The 1st bearing 14 and the 2nd bearing 15 are arrange | positioned in the position which pinches | interposes the rotor 12 to the axial direction of 2nd axial center AX2. The first bearing 14 supports the load side shaft end 13 a of the rotary shaft 13. The second bearing 15 supports the anti-load side shaft end 13 b of the rotating shaft 13.

  The first outer shell 16 is formed in a cylindrical shape and is disposed on the load side of the rotating electrical machine 10. The first outer shell 16 includes a frame portion 16a, a flange portion 16b, and a bearing holding portion 16c. The frame portion 16a is formed to be bent in a bowl shape. A side portion of the frame portion 16 a is connected to the flange portion 16 b or formed integrally, and is directed to the anti-load side of the rotating electrical machine 10. The flange portion 16b is formed in a state of spreading in the radial direction of the first axis AX1. The bearing holding portion 16 c holds the first bearing 14. The bearing holding portion 16c has a through hole 16d that allows the rotary shaft 13 to pass through in the axial direction of the first axis AX1. The through hole 16d has a diameter larger than the diameter of the load side shaft end portion 13a of the rotary shaft 13. Since the first outer shell 16 accommodates and holds the stator 11, the inner peripheral surface of the frame portion 16 a is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the stator 11. In this embodiment, in particular, in order to improve heat conduction from the stator core 11 a to the frame portion 16 a, the stator core 11 a is embedded in the frame portion 16 a, and a flange portion 16 b that forms the end portion of the first outer shell 16. The example which does not protrude from is shown.

  The second outer shell 17 is formed in a cylindrical shape and is disposed on the non-load side of the rotating electrical machine 10. The second outer shell 17 includes a frame portion 17a, a flange portion 17b, and a bearing holding portion 17c.

  The frame portion 17a is formed to be bent in a bowl shape. A side portion of the frame portion 17 a is connected to the flange portion 17 b or formed integrally, and is directed to the load side of the rotating electrical machine 10. The flange portion 17b is formed in a state of spreading in the radial direction of the first axis AX1. The flange portion 17 b abuts on the flange portion 16 b of the first outer shell 16. The bearing holding portion 17 c holds the second bearing 15.

  The second outer shell 17 has a structure that can move relative to the stator 11 in a direction intersecting the first axis AX1. In this embodiment, since the stator core 11a does not protrude from the first outer shell 16, the fitting position cannot be adjusted using the outer periphery of the stator core 11a. The structure is difficult to determine the relative position in the radial direction.

  Next, the manufacturing method of said rotary electric machine 10 is demonstrated. Here, a case where the stator core 11a is made of an electromagnetic steel plate is taken as an example.

  First, a plurality of iron core plates punched into a desired shape from a strip-shaped magnetic steel sheet material are prepared, and the stator core 11a is formed by caulking the layers and fixing and laminating them by welding or bonding. And the stator 11 is formed by arrange | positioning the coil | winding 11c to the upper part which gave the electrical insulating material which abbreviate | omitted illustration to the yoke 11y and the teeth 11t. Next, the stator 11 is mounted and fixed to the first outer shell 16 by press fitting or shrink fitting. On the other hand, after the rotating shaft 13 is mounted on the rotor 12 and the first bearing 14 and the second bearing 15 are mounted on the rotating shaft 13, the rotor 12 is disposed inside the stator 11. Then, the second outer shell 17 is placed so as to enclose the stator 11 and the rotor 12.

  In the rotating electrical machine 10 assembled in this manner, the rotor 12 is rotated by applying an external force to the load side shaft end portion 13 a of the rotating shaft 13. Then, the magnetic fluxes generated from the permanent magnet 12m are linked to the windings U1 to U4, V1 to V4, and W1 to W4, and the induced powers EU1 to EU4, EV1 to EV4, and EW1 to EW4 are each wound by the alternating linkage flux. Occurs between both ends. These are represented by voltage vector diagrams as shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a vector diagram showing the induced power generated in each winding 11c shown in FIG.

  The induced electric power generated in each winding alternates at a speed that is a number of pole pairs that is the rotational speed of the rotor 12, that is, four times as high. The circumference, area, and spacing of the inner peripheral surface of the teeth 11t around which the windings are wound are equal, and the distance from the first axis AX1 of the stator 11 is the same, and the number of turns of each winding is the same. The strength and spacing of the magnetic poles of the magnets are equal, and furthermore, the first axis AX1 of the stator 11 and the second axis AX2 of the rotor 12 coincide with each other as shown in FIG. When the amplitudes Bg of the windings are equal over the entire circumference, the induced electric power E generated in each winding is equal. In this case, the phase of the induced power of the windings in each phase is also equal, and as shown in FIG. 4, the phase is shifted by ± 120 ° from the V phase and the W phase with respect to the U phase induced power. Induced electric power. At this time, the amplitude of the magnetic flux density in the air gap is Bga, and the induced power is Ea.

  Next, the necessity of measuring the amount of axial deviation of the rotating electrical machine 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating electrical machine 10 showing a state in which the first axis AX1 of the stator 11 and the second axis AX2 of the rotor 12 are shifted, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the rotating electrical machine 10 shown in FIG. It is a cross-sectional view of the stator 11 and the rotor 12 at the time of cutting | disconnecting by VI-VI plane.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in the rotating electrical machine 10, the first axis AX <b> 1 and the second axis AX <b> 2 may be displaced due to assembly accuracy in the manufacturing process or dimensional variation of the component parts. If the first axis AX1 and the second axis AX2 are shifted, the distance of the gap 12a between the inner periphery of the stator 11 and the outer periphery of the rotor 12 becomes non-uniform. This state is a state in which the magnetic center axis of the stator 11 and the magnetic center axis of the rotor 12 are deviated from each other. When the rotor 12 rotates in such a state, an unbalanced electromagnetic excitation force is generated, which causes vibration and noise. For this reason, it is necessary to measure the amount of deviation between the first axis AX1 and the second axis AX2 and adjust the amount of deviation to be small.

  Next, a method for adjusting the axis of the rotating electrical machine 10 will be described.

  First, the principle of deviation amount measurement will be described. Consider a case where the permanent magnet 12m is magnetized in the radial direction and the rotor yoke 12y is provided on the inner diameter side of the permanent magnet 12m as shown in FIG. At this time, the amplitude of the magnetic flux density in the gap 12a is Bg, the distance of the gap 12a is Lg, the thickness of the permanent magnet 12m is Lm, the recoil relative permeability of the permanent magnet 12m is μr, and the residual magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet 11m is Br. The following approximate expression holds.

    Bg = Br / (1 + μr · Lg / Lm) (Formula 1)

  Here, the amplitude Bg of the magnetic flux density and the distance Lg of the air gap 12a when the first axis AX1 of the stator 11 and the second axis AX2 of the rotor 12 coincide are defined as Bga and Lga, respectively. At this time, if the second axis AX2 of the rotor 12 is shifted by ΔLg in the direction of the tooth 11t around which the winding U1 is wound, the following equation is expressed between these Lg, Lga, and ΔLg. There is a relationship.

    Lg = Lga−ΔLg (Formula 1-1)

  Therefore, for the amplitude Bgu1 of the magnetic flux density when the first axis AX1 of the stator 11 and the second axis AX2 of the rotor 12 are shifted, the above (Formula 1-1) is substituted into the above (Formula 1). By doing so, it can be expressed as:

    Bgu1 = Br / {1 + μr · (Lga−ΔLg) / Lm} (Formula 2)

  Further, the above (formula 2) can be expanded as the following formula.

Bgu1 = {Br / (1 + μr · Lga / Lm)}
/ {1-μr · ΔLg / Lm / (1 + μr · Lga / Lm)} (Formula 3)

  Here, a typical value of the recoil relative permeability μr is 1.05 to 3.6. Since ΔLg can be designed to be sufficiently smaller than Lga and Lm, the second term of the denominator of (Equation 3) is sufficiently smaller than 1 of the first term, and (Equation 3) is an approximate expression of the following equation: Can be expressed as

Bgu1≈ {Br / (1 + μr · Lga / Lm)} ·
{1 + μr · ΔLg / Lm / (1 + μr · Lga / Lm)} (Formula 4)
= Bga + ΔBg

  As described in the last equation of (Equation 4), if the first term of (Equation 4) is Bga and the second term is ΔBg, these Bga and ΔBg can be expressed by the following equations.

    Bga = Br / (1 + μr · Lga / Lm) (Formula 5)

    ΔBg = Bga · μr · ΔLg / Lm / (1 + μr · Lga / Lm) (Formula 6)

  As can be understood from the above (formula 6), the increase amount ΔBg of the amplitude Bg of the magnetic flux density is proportional to the decrease amount ΔLg of the distance Lg of the air gap 12a.

  Here, since the induced power E of the winding 11c is proportional to the amplitude Bg of the magnetic flux density, it is necessary to grasp the relationship between the distance Lg of the air gap 12a and the induced power EU1 of the winding 11c. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship of the induced power generated in the winding with respect to the change in the gap length due to the axis deviation. In FIG. 7, the horizontal axis represents the distance Lg of the gap 12a, and the vertical axis represents the induced power EU1. When the relationship diagram shown in FIG. 7 is obtained, by measuring the displacement ΔEU1 from the voltage EU1a when the induced power generated at both ends of the winding 11c wound around the tooth 11t in the shifting direction is not shifted. The decrease amount ΔLg of the distance Lg of the gap 12a can be grasped.

  In this case, since the induced electric power due to the magnetic flux linked to the entire inner peripheral surface of the tooth 11t is measured, the distance Lg of the gap 12a in the axial direction of the first axis AX1 of the stator 11 is different, that is, fixed. When the first axis AX1 of the child 11 and the second axis AX2 of the rotor 12 are not parallel, the average distance between the inner peripheral surface of the tooth 11t and the outer periphery of the rotor is measured.

  In the above description, an example of the structure having the rotor yoke 12y and the permanent magnet 12m magnetized in the radial direction is taken as an example, and the amplitude of the magnetic flux density of the air gap 12a with respect to the distance Lg of the air gap 12a by formula expansion. Although the relationship between Bg and the induced electric power E was demonstrated, it is not limited to this example. The relationship shown in FIG. 7 is also observed in the case of a polar anisotropic magnet without a rotor yoke 12y and having a gradient between magnetic poles, or in the case of an IPM structure in which a magnet is embedded in an iron core.

  Next, a method for measuring the amount of axial deviation using the above principle in the above-described structure and adjusting the axis based on the result will be described with reference to the drawings of FIGS. FIG. 8 is a connection diagram for explaining a method of measuring an axis deviation. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating electrical machine 10 after adjusting the axial deviation to the minimum.

  First, as shown in FIG. 5, a rotation drive unit 18 that is an external power source is attached to the load-side shaft end 13 a of the rotation shaft 13. Next, the rotation shaft 18 rotates the rotation shaft 13 in the direction around the axis of the second axis AX2. Then, the rotation of the rotation shaft 13 causes the rotor 12 to rotate integrally with the rotation shaft 13 in the direction around the second axis AX2.

  The lead-out portions TU, TV, TW and voltage measuring terminals T1, T2 of the stator 11 are connected to each other between TU-TV, TV-TW, TW-TU, TU-T1, and T1-T2. The voltage measuring device 19 is connected by the connection shown in FIG.

  The rotor 12 is rotated in the direction around the axis of the second axis AX2 by the rotation driving unit 18, and measured between the TU-TV, TV-TW, TW-TU, TU-T1, and T1 measured by the voltage measuring device 19. The voltage values between −T2 are Vuv, Vvw, Vwu, EU1, and EU2.

  The induced power Ea generated in the winding 11c when the first axis AX1 of the stator 11 and the second axis AX2 of the rotor 12 coincide with each other is divided into four equal parts of the induced power generated in each phase. It becomes a voltage and can be expressed by the following formula.

    Ea = {(Vuv + Vvw + Vwu) / 3 / √3} / 4 (Expression 7)

  Even if the first axis AX1 and the second axis AX2 are misaligned before adjustment of the axis, the induced power of the winding 11c where the induced power increases and the induced power of the winding 11c where the induced power decreases. Therefore, the value obtained by (Equation 7) hardly changes. Further, since the induced power Ea can be obtained while adjusting the second axis AX2, the change in the induced power Ea does not cause a problem.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the induced power EU1 and the induced power EU2 are induced power caused by the interlinkage magnetic flux of the teeth 11t1 and the teeth 11t2 that are shifted by 90 ° about the first axis AX1 of the stator 11 around the axis. Is measured. The axis deviation amount is obtained from each of these two induced electric powers EU1 and EU2 and the induced electric power Ea obtained from (Equation 7) when the axes coincide with each other. More specifically, by applying the difference between the induced power EU1 and the voltage EU1a to FIG. 7, the axis deviation amount ΔLg in the direction of the tooth 11t1 is obtained, and the difference between the induced power EU2 and the voltage EU1a is shown in FIG. 7, the amount of axis deviation ΔLg in the direction of the teeth 11t2 is obtained. Then, based on the obtained axial deviation amount ΔLg in the two directions, the second outer shell 17 is moved in the direction intersecting the first axis AX1, as shown in FIG. 9, and the second bearing 15 is moved. The inclination of the second axis AX2 of the rotor 12 is changed. While performing such adjustment work, the adjustment is finished when the induced power EU1 and the induced power EU2 coincide with the induced power EUa obtained by (Equation 7), and the coupling unit 20 causes the first outer shell 16 and the second outer shell to be adjusted. 17 is connected. Examples of the coupling means 20 include a technique such as welding or adhesion, but any means or technique may be used.

  8 illustrates the configuration in which the voltage measurement terminals T1 and T2 are provided in the U phase, but the voltage measurement terminals T1 and T2 may be provided in the V phase or the W phase.

  FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the flow of the above-described axis deviation amount measurement and the axis deviation adjustment process performed based on the axis deviation amount.

  In step S101, an external force is applied to the load side shaft end portion of the rotating shaft by external power to rotate the rotor. In step S102, an induced power generated in the winding by the rotational drive of the rotor is measured by a measuring instrument. In step S103, the second outline is moved in a direction intersecting the first axis, which is the axis of the stator, to a position where the target value of the induced power that minimizes the amount of axial deviation is reached. In step S104, the first outline and the second outline are fixed.

  In step S103, the target value of the induced power that minimizes the amount of axial deviation is set. However, the amount of axial deviation does not have to be minimum in a strict sense, and the radial unbalanced electromagnetic excitation is not necessary. When the force suppression value or the vibration noise suppression value satisfies the required specification, it may be a target value that can be set to less than the amount of axial deviation that satisfies the required specification.

  In the rotary electric machine 10 thus obtained, the second axis AX2 may be mechanically inclined with respect to the first axis AX1. When the second axis AX2 is mechanically tilted with respect to the first axis AX1, an unbalanced electromagnetic excitation force is generated in the axial direction. However, since the first axial center AX1 and the second axial center AX2 are electromagnetically coincident with each other, the unbalanced electromagnetic excitation force in the radial direction is suppressed, and the rotating electrical machine has less vibration noise. Further, when the ratio of the positional deviation amount of the inner peripheral surface of the planar teeth 11t perpendicular to both axial centers to the axial length of the stator core 11a is small with respect to the ratio of the axial deviation amount to the average gap length, The influence of the unbalanced magnetic excitation force in the axial direction is also slight.

  In (Expression 7), by measuring three interphase voltages Vuv, Vvw, and Vwu and obtaining an average value, variations in distance from the first axis AX1 in the inner diameters of the twelve teeth 11t are corrected. However, if the accuracy of the component is good, it may be obtained by measuring only the phase voltage of one phase. In addition, when using the voltage value Vuv between TU-TV as an interphase voltage, it can obtain | require by following Formula.

    Ea = (Vuv / √3) / 4 (Expression 8)

  Further, as a method for obtaining the averaged Ea, as shown in FIG. 11, it is obtained by dividing the interphase voltage into equal parts and measuring the divided voltage using the network 21 of impedance elements having an impedance of Z. May be. FIG. 11 is a connection diagram in the case of measuring the axial deviation using the circuit network 21 of the impedance element. In the rotating electrical machine 10 according to the first embodiment, since the number of windings 11c in each phase is 4, in FIG. 11, four impedance elements are connected in series for each phase, and each series circuit is connected to the Y connection. In addition, each of the end portions on the side that is not Y-connected is connected to any one of the lead portion TU, the lead portion TV, or the lead portion TW.

  As the impedance element, a single element having resistance, inductance, or capacitor characteristics, or a composite thereof can be used.

  When a resistor is used as the impedance element, the induced power is consumed by the resistor, the resistor generates heat, and the resistance value of each resistor changes depending on the temperature coefficient of the resistor. For this reason, it is necessary to use a high-resistance resistor so that the temperature rise does not increase, or to prevent the resistance value of each resistor from varying even if the temperature rises.

  On the other hand, in the case of an inductance or a capacitor, although there is a slight amount of heat generated by a resistance component such as an internal equivalent series resistance, the use of a resistor having a small resistance component can suppress a temperature rise, and thus is suitable as an impedance element. In particular, if a large current can be passed through the winding 11c of the rotating electrical machine 10, it is possible to perform electromagnetic axis alignment that takes into account the effect of the armature reaction by the winding 11c. In this sense, an inductance or a capacitor is suitable as an impedance element.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the first embodiment, the induced electric power of the winding U1 wound around the tooth 11t1 and the winding U2 wound around the tooth 11t2 in the same phase is measured. The axial deviation direction and the axial deviation amount can be measured without measuring the induced power of the windings U1 and U2. As an example, the second axis AX2 may be adjusted by measuring the induced power of the winding 11c wound around the teeth 11t having different phases.

  FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the stator 11 and the rotor 12 according to the second embodiment. In FIG. 12, the connection points of the voltage measurement terminals T1 and T2 when measuring the induced power of the winding U1 wound around the U-phase tooth 11t1 and the winding W1 wound around the W-phase tooth 11t3 are shown. Show.

  As shown in FIG. 12, in the second embodiment, the induced power EU1 of the winding U1 and the induced power EW1 of the winding W1 wound around the teeth 11t1 and 11t3 at positions shifted by 60 ° are measured. The axis deviation amount ΔLg in each direction at the teeth 11t1 and the teeth 11t3 is obtained from each of these two induced powers EU1 and EW1 and the induced power Ea obtained from (Equation 7) when the axes coincide. Thereafter, the second axis AX2 of the rotor 12 is adjusted using the method described in the first embodiment, and after the adjustment is completed, the first outer shell 16 and the second outer shell 17 are coupled by the coupling means 20. As a result, the rotating electrical machine 10 with reduced vibration noise and reduced unbalanced electromagnetic excitation force in the radial direction can be obtained.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
In the first embodiment, the induced electric power of the winding U1 wound around the tooth 11t1 and the winding U2 wound around the tooth 11t2 is measured. In the second embodiment, the winding U1 wound around the tooth 11t1. And the induced electric power of the coil | winding W1 wound around the teeth 11t3 was measured. That is, in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, the induced power of the winding 11c wound around only one tooth 11t was measured, and the amount of axial deviation in the tooth direction was measured. It is also possible to measure and adjust the amount of axial deviation and the direction of axial deviation by measuring the induced power generated at both ends connected in series of the winding 11c wound over the teeth 11t. is there.

  FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the stator 11 and the rotor 12 according to the third embodiment. In FIG. 13, one of the two teeth measures voltage when measuring the induced power of the winding U1 wound around the U-phase tooth 11t1 and the winding W1 wound around the W-phase tooth 11t3. The connection locations of the terminals T1, T2 are shown. FIG. 14 is a connection diagram illustrating the position of the voltage measurement terminal according to the third embodiment. FIG. 15 is a vector diagram showing the induced power generated in each winding in the third embodiment.

  In the third embodiment, as shown in the connection diagram of FIG. 14, the relay point between the winding V1 and the winding V2 is connected to the voltage measuring terminal T1, and the relay point between the winding U3 and the winding U4 is Are connected to the voltage measurement terminal T2, and the relay point between the winding W3 and the winding W4 is connected to the voltage measurement terminal T3 which is the third measurement terminal.

  The magnitude of the voltage obtained by dividing the voltage of the combined induced power measured between T2 and T3 by √3 is equal to the magnitude of the induced power EV4 generated in the winding V4, as can be seen from FIG. Further, the induced power measured between T1 and TV is the induced power of the winding V1, as can be seen from FIG. Therefore, by using the relationship of FIG. 7, the amount of axial deviation ΔLg in each direction in the tooth 11t4 around which the winding V1 is wound and the tooth 11t5 around which the winding V4 is wound is obtained. Thereafter, the second axis AX2 of the rotor 12 is adjusted using the method described in the first and second embodiments, and after the adjustment is completed, the first outer 16 and the second outer shell 16 are connected by the coupling means 20. By coupling with the outer shell 17, the rotating electrical machine 10 with reduced vibration noise and reduced unbalanced electromagnetic excitation force in the radial direction can be obtained.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
In the rotating electrical machine 10 according to the first to third embodiments, the phases of the induced power generated in the windings 11c wound around the teeth 11t constituting each phase are all the same, but the number of phases, the teeth Depending on the combination of the number of 11t and the number of poles of the permanent magnet, the phase of the induced power generated in each winding 11c constituting each phase may be different. However, even in such a case, the amount of axial deviation in the direction of the corresponding tooth 11t can be obtained from the measured induced power.

  FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating electrical machine 10 according to the fourth embodiment. In FIG. 16, the stator 11 and the rotor of the rotating electrical machine 10 have 12 teeth 11 t in the stator 11, and the rotor 12 has 10 poles of permanent magnets having 5 combinations of N poles and S poles. 12 is shown. Further, FIG. 16 shows a connection location of voltage measurement terminals T1, T2 for adjusting the axis. The rotating electrical machine 10 according to the fourth embodiment is characterized in the arrangement of the windings 11c constituting each phase. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 16, in the U phase and the W phase other than the V phase, the windings U1, U2 and the windings W1, W2 are arranged in the counterclockwise order. In the V phase, the windings V2 and V1 are arranged in the counterclockwise order. Such an arrangement prevents the measurement resolution of the shift direction and the shift amount from deteriorating by increasing the two teeth for measuring the induced power 90 ° from each other without increasing the number of voltage measurement terminals. This is because of consideration. That is, by arranging the windings U1, U2, V2, and V1 in the counterclockwise order, the teeth 11t6 to which the voltage measurement terminal T1 is connected and the teeth 11t7 to which the voltage measurement terminal T2 is connected are formed. It becomes possible to arrange so that the position is shifted by 90 °.

  FIG. 17 is a vector diagram of the induced power generated in each winding shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 17, the phase of the induced power generated in each of the four windings constituting each phase is shifted by ± 15 ° with respect to the phase of the combined induced power of each phase.

  When the phase of the induced power generated in the windings 11c constituting each phase is deviated from the induced power of the entire phase as shown in FIG. 17, the first axis AX1 of the stator 11 and the rotor 12 The induced power of each winding 11c when it coincides with the second axis AX2 is obtained by dividing the voltage component contributed by each winding 11c of the phase voltage by the cosine value of the shifted phase angle. Specifically, it can be expressed by the following formula.

    Ea = {(Vuv + Vvw + Vwu) / 3 / √3} / 4 / cos15 ° (Equation 9)

  As shown in FIG. 16, in the fourth embodiment, the induced power EU1 of the winding U1 and the induced power EV1 of the winding V1 wound around the teeth 11t6 and 11t7 at positions shifted by 90 ° are measured. From these two induced powers EU1 and EV1 and the induced power Ea when the axis obtained from (Equation 9) coincides, the axes in the respective directions in the teeth 11t6 and the teeth 11t7 using the relationship of FIG. A deviation amount ΔLg is obtained. Then, based on the obtained axial deviation amount ΔLg in the two directions, the second outer shell 17 is moved in the direction intersecting the first axis AX1, as shown in FIG. 9, and the second bearing 15 is moved. The inclination of the second axis AX2 of the rotor 12 is changed. While performing such adjustment work, the adjustment is terminated when the induced power EU1 and the induced power EU2 coincide with the induced power EUa obtained by (Equation 9), and the coupling unit 20 causes the first outer shell 16 and the second outer shell to be adjusted. 17 is connected. In this way, the rotating electrical machine 10 with reduced vibration noise, in which the radial unbalanced electromagnetic excitation force is suppressed, is obtained.

  The configuration shown in the rotary electric machine according to the first to fourth embodiments described above is an example of a three-phase concentrated winding stator having 12 teeth and one winding applied to one tooth. However, if the number of teeth is three or more, the position of the second axis on the plane orthogonal to the first axis can be measured, so the amount of axial deviation of the second axis relative to the first axis is measured. be able to. In addition, the number of phases is not ask | required at the time of this measurement.

  For example, 2 teeth 3 phase configuration with 3 teeth, 2 pole 2 phase or 4 pole single phase configuration with 4 teeth, number of teeth, winding connection order, voltage measurement terminal connection point, concentrated winding or distributed winding Winding method such as Y connection or △ connection method, number of phases and number of poles, arrangement of rotor to stator such as internal or external type, radial gradient, isotropic However, it is not intended to limit the magnetization and the gradient of the rotor magnet, such as the polar gradient and the iron core embedded type. Further, the present invention can be combined with another known technique, and a part of the configuration can be omitted or changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Rotating electric machine, 11 Stator, 11a Stator iron core, 11c, U1, U2, U3, U4, V1, V2, V3, V4, W1, W2, W3, W4 Winding, 11t, 11t1, 11t2, 11t3, 11t4 11t5, 11t6, 11t7 teeth, 11y yoke, 12 rotor, 12a gap, 12m permanent magnet, 12y rotor yoke, 13 rotating shaft, 13a load side shaft end, 13b anti-load side shaft end, 14th 1 bearing, 15 2nd bearing, 16 1st shell, 16a frame, 16b flange, 16c bearing holder, 16d through hole, 17 second shell, 17b flange, 17c bearing holder, 17d window hole, 18 rotation Drive unit, 19 voltage measuring device, 20 coupling means, 21 network of impedance elements, AX1 first axis, AX2 second axis, TU, TV, W lead section, T1, T2, T3 voltage measuring terminal.

Claims (14)

A stator formed in a cylindrical shape and having a first axis; a rotor that is disposed on an inner peripheral side or an outer peripheral side of the stator via a gap and rotates around an axis of a second axis; and the stator In the rotating electrical machine, the stator has three or more teeth arranged symmetrically with respect to the first axis, and an outer shell covering the rotor, two bearings for rotatably supporting the rotor,
A voltage measuring terminal capable of measuring an induced power generated in a winding wound around two or more of the three or more teeth;
The outer shell is
A first outer shell to which the stator core of the stator is fixed;
A second outer shell having a bearing holding portion for holding at least one of the two bearings and configured to be relatively movable in a direction intersecting the first axis;
I have a,
The voltage measurement terminal has a first measurement terminal and a second measurement terminal, and the first measurement terminal and the second measurement terminal are provided in the same phase,
At least one of the first measurement terminal and the second measurement terminal is a winding relay point . A stator formed in a cylindrical shape and having a first axis; a rotor that is disposed on an inner peripheral side or an outer peripheral side of the stator via a gap and rotates around an axis of a second axis; and the stator In the rotating electrical machine, the stator has three or more teeth arranged symmetrically with respect to the first axis, and an outer shell covering the rotor, two bearings for rotatably supporting the rotor,
A voltage measuring terminal capable of measuring an induced power generated in a winding wound around two or more of the three or more teeth;
The outer shell is
A first outer shell to which the stator core of the stator is fixed;
A second outer shell having a bearing holding portion for holding at least one of the two bearings and configured to be relatively movable in a direction intersecting the first axis;
Have
The voltage measurement terminal has a first measurement terminal and a second measurement terminal, and the first measurement terminal and the second measurement terminal are provided in different phases ,
At least one of the first measurement terminal and the second measurement terminal is a relay point of the winding.
Rotary electric machine characterized a call. A tooth around which the winding measured by the first measurement terminal is wound and a tooth around which the winding measured by the second measurement terminal is wound around the first axis. the rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is arranged in 90 ° shifted position to. A tooth around which the winding measured by the first measurement terminal is wound and a tooth around which the winding measured by the second measurement terminal is wound around the first axis. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotating electrical machine is disposed at a position shifted by 60 °. A tooth around which the winding measured by the first measurement terminal is wound and a tooth around which the winding measured by the second measurement terminal is wound around the first axis. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotating electrical machine is disposed at a position shifted by 30 °. A stator formed in a cylindrical shape and having a first axis; a rotor that is disposed on an inner peripheral side or an outer peripheral side of the stator via a gap and rotates around an axis of a second axis; and the stator In the rotating electrical machine, the stator has three or more teeth arranged symmetrically with respect to the first axis, and an outer shell covering the rotor, two bearings for rotatably supporting the rotor,
A voltage measuring terminal capable of measuring an induced power generated in a winding wound around two or more of the three or more teeth;
The outer shell is
A first outer shell to which the stator core of the stator is fixed;
A second outer shell having a bearing holding portion for holding at least one of the two bearings and configured to be relatively movable in a direction intersecting the first axis;
Have
The voltage measurement terminal includes a first measurement terminal, a second measurement terminal, and a third measurement terminal. The first measurement terminal is provided in a first phase, and the second measurement terminal and the third measurement terminal. Are in different phases
Rotary electric machine characterized a call. The first measurement terminal is a terminal that measures an induced electric power of a winding wound around one of the teeth, and the second measurement terminal and the third measurement terminal straddle two or more teeth. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 6 , wherein the rotating electrical machine is a terminal for measuring an induced power generated at both ends of the wound winding connected in series. One of the first outline and the second outline is provided with a window hole for connecting an external measuring instrument to a terminal for measuring the induced power. Item 8. The rotating electrical machine according to any one of Items 1 to 7 . The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein the stator core does not protrude from the first outer shell. A stator formed in a cylindrical shape and having a first axis, a rotor arranged on the inner peripheral side or the outer peripheral side of the stator via a gap and rotating around the axis of the second axis, and the rotor Two bearings that rotatably support the stator, a first outer shell to which a stator core of the stator is fixed, and a bearing holding portion that holds at least one of the two bearings. A second outer shell configured to be relatively movable in a direction intersecting with the one axis , three or more teeth disposed symmetrically with respect to the first axis , and three or more teeth. the induced power generated in wound winding into two or more teeth of out have a measurable voltage measuring terminal to the stator, the voltage measuring terminal, a first measurement terminal and a second measurement The first measurement terminal and the second measurement terminal are provided in the same phase, and At least one of the measuring terminal and the second measurement terminals A manufacturing method of a rotating electric machine is a relay point of the winding,
A first step of rotating the rotor with external force;
A second step of measuring with said first measuring terminal and the second measurement terminals an induced power generated wound winding the two or more teeth by rotation of said rotor,
The second contour moves in a direction intersecting the first axis to a position where the target value of the induced electric power for reducing the amount of axial deviation between the first axis and the second axis is reached. 3 steps,
A fourth step of fixing the first outline and the second outline;
The manufacturing method of the rotary electric machine characterized by including. A stator formed in a cylindrical shape and having a first axis, a rotor arranged on the inner peripheral side or the outer peripheral side of the stator via a gap and rotating around the axis of the second axis, and the rotor Two bearings that rotatably support the stator, a first outer shell to which a stator core of the stator is fixed, and a bearing holding portion that holds at least one of the two bearings. A second outer shell configured to be relatively movable in a direction intersecting with the one axis, three or more teeth disposed symmetrically with respect to the first axis, and three or more teeth. The stator has a voltage measurement terminal capable of measuring an induced power generated in a winding wound around two or more of the teeth, and the voltage measurement terminal includes a first measurement terminal and a second measurement terminal. The first measurement terminal and the second measurement terminal are provided in different phases. Wherein at least one of the first measurement terminal and the second measurement terminals A manufacturing method of a rotating electric machine is a relay point of the winding,
A first step of rotating the rotor with external force;
A second step of measuring the induced power generated in the winding wound around the two or more teeth by the rotation of the rotor using the first measurement terminal and the second measurement terminal;
The second contour moves in a direction intersecting the first axis to a position where the target value of the induced electric power for reducing the amount of axial deviation between the first axis and the second axis is reached. 3 steps,
A fourth step of fixing the first outline and the second outline;
The manufacturing method of the rotary electric machine characterized by including. A stator formed in a cylindrical shape and having a first axis, a rotor arranged on the inner peripheral side or the outer peripheral side of the stator via a gap and rotating around the axis of the second axis, and the rotor Two bearings that rotatably support the stator, a first outer shell to which a stator core of the stator is fixed, and a bearing holding portion that holds at least one of the two bearings. A second outer shell configured to be relatively movable in a direction intersecting with the one axis, three or more teeth disposed symmetrically with respect to the first axis, and three or more teeth. The stator has a voltage measurement terminal capable of measuring an induced power generated in a winding wound around two or more of the teeth. The voltage measurement terminal includes a first measurement terminal and a second measurement terminal. A terminal and a third measurement terminal, wherein the first measurement terminal is provided in a first phase, and the second meter Terminal and the third measurement terminal is a manufacturing method of a rotating electric machine is provided in the different phases,
A first step of rotating the rotor with external force;
A second step of measuring the induced power generated in the winding wound around the two or more teeth by the rotation of the rotor using the first measurement terminal and the second measurement terminal;
The second contour moves in a direction intersecting the first axis to a position where the target value of the induced electric power for reducing the amount of axial deviation between the first axis and the second axis is reached. 3 steps,
A fourth step of fixing the first outline and the second outline;
The manufacturing method of the rotary electric machine characterized by including. The target value of the induced electric power is obtained from a voltage value obtained by measuring an interphase voltage of all phases, an interphase voltage of two phases, or a phase voltage of one phase . A manufacturing method of a rotating electrical machine according to item 1 . Target value of the induced power, any claim 10, characterized in that determining the divided voltage of the phase voltage by connecting a network was divided equally impedance element to the lead-out portion of the total phase 12 A method for manufacturing a rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 .

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