JP6600161B2 - Quick charger - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rapid charging apparatus for rapidly charging a battery mounted in a plug-in type vehicle.

  In recent years, vehicles that use electric motors that emit less greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (e.g., electric vehicles, etc.), compared to conventional vehicles that are driven by an internal combustion engine that generates power using gasoline as fuel. Plug-in hybrid vehicles, electric motorcycles, etc., hereinafter referred to as “electric vehicles”) are becoming widespread. Since an electric vehicle or the like uses electricity stored in a storage battery such as a secondary battery mounted as an energy source, it is necessary to charge the mounted battery using a charging device.

  Charging a storage battery has the disadvantage that it takes more time than gasoline refueling. In order to enable rapid charging to eliminate this drawback, electric vehicles and the like corresponding to a larger output capacity and a rapid charging apparatus having a high output capacity corresponding thereto have been developed and put into practical use. However, in order to cope with such an electric vehicle capable of rapid charging with a high output capacity, it is necessary to change the rapid charging device side so that high output is possible. However, it is not easy to review the contract power and consider the capacity of the electrical equipment at the installation location. Therefore, there has conventionally been a system that includes a storage battery (equipment storage battery) in a charging device and charges a storage battery (external storage battery) such as an electric vehicle with the power from the storage battery together with the power from the commercial power supply (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2014-2014). No. 7908 [Patent Document 1]).

JP 2014-7908 A

  The system of Patent Document 1 charges the storage battery for facilities during constant voltage charging in the second half of charging.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a quick charging device that can make maximum use of DC power from a DC power supply unit and minimize the use of a storage power storage unit included in the quick charging device.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a rapid charging apparatus capable of preventing deterioration of the storage power storage unit included in the rapid charging apparatus and extending the life of the storage power storage unit.

  The rapid charging apparatus according to the present invention charges a storage power storage unit with an output of a DC power supply unit, a storage power storage unit, and a DC power supply unit according to a charge command, and stores power in the storage power storage unit according to an output control command. Connected to the plug-in connector of the plug-in type vehicle, the power storage control unit that controls and outputs the direct current power, the power control unit that controls and outputs the direct current power output from the direct current power supply unit according to the output control command Then, the controlled DC power from the DC power source controlled by the power controller and the controlled DC power from the storage power storage controlled by the power storage controller are supplied to the battery of the plug-in type vehicle. A communication unit that communicates between one or more power plugs and at least a plug-in type vehicle to obtain power storage information of the battery, and generates a charge command and an output control command based on the power storage information obtained from the communication unit It is and a decree generating unit.

  When the direct current power supplied from the power plug to the battery is greater than or equal to the maximum direct current power supplied from the direct current power supply, the command generator generates an output control command to output the insufficient direct current power from the storage battery. When the DC power supplied from the power plug to the battery is less than the maximum DC power, a charge command is output. Thus configured, the rapid charging apparatus of the present invention outputs DC power from the storage power storage unit when the maximum DC power is greater than or equal to the DC power supplied from the DC power source unit, and the maximum DC power is the DC power source. If the DC power supplied from the power supply unit is lower than that, the power storage unit of the plug-in type vehicle can be charged only with the DC power supplied from the DC power supply unit, and the storage power storage unit can be charged with the remaining power. Therefore, the power of the plug-in type vehicle is charged by maximizing the DC power supplied from the DC power supply unit, and when the remaining power is generated, the power storage unit for storage is charged, and the power storage unit of the next plug-in type vehicle is charged. Can be prepared for charging. This also minimizes the use of the storage power storage unit.

  The maximum DC power may be within the range of DC power that can be supplied by the DC power supply unit. For example, the maximum DC power is preferably equal to or less than the contract power amount. If the maximum DC power is equal to or less than the contract power amount, the quick charging device can be changed without reviewing the existing contract power or changing the capacity of the electrical equipment at the installation location.

  It is desirable that the storage power storage unit be in a fully charged state as much as possible in preparation for charging the power storage device of the plug-in type vehicle. For this reason, when the power supply from the storage power storage unit is completed, charging is started using the remaining power of the DC power supply unit. The charging speed at this time is arbitrary, but from the viewpoint of preparing for the charging of the battery of the next plug-in type vehicle, charging at a high speed (high-speed charging) is preferable. However, if the storage power storage unit is always charged by high-speed charging, deterioration of the storage power storage unit is accelerated, and the life of the storage power storage unit is shortened. Therefore, in the present invention, it is desirable that the power storage control unit can charge the storage power storage unit by changing the output amount of DC power from the DC power supply unit in accordance with the charging command. According to this configuration, for example, when the plug-in type vehicle is frequently charged, the output amount is increased to perform high-speed charging, and when the plug-in type vehicle is not continuously charged, the output amount is decreased. Thus, it is possible to perform low-speed charging and suppress deterioration of the storage power storage unit.

  The timing for changing the charging speed is arbitrary, but for example, the command generation unit generates a charging command so as to perform high-speed charging, and performs charging at a lower speed than the high-speed charging when a predetermined time has arrived. In this way, a charging command may be generated. In this way, low-speed charging can be performed at night or the like when there are few plug-in type vehicles coming for charging. In addition, the command generation unit may charge the storage power storage unit from the high-speed charging when charging of the next plug-in vehicle does not start even after a predetermined time has elapsed since the charging of the plug-in vehicle power storage is completed. Alternatively, a charging command may be generated so as to perform low-speed low-speed charging. In this way, it is possible to suppress deterioration of the storage power storage unit by low-speed charging when there are few plug-in type vehicles coming for charging.

  This is not necessary if the plug-in type vehicle can be charged only with the capacity of the storage power storage unit, but if it is installed in a place where there are many plug-in type vehicles that come to charge, or the plug-in type that comes to charge It is conceivable that the capacity of the storage power storage unit is insufficient during a time zone when there are many type vehicles. Therefore, the quick charging apparatus may be configured to connect an external external power storage unit different from the storage power storage unit to increase the total capacity. The method for connecting the storage power storage unit and the external power storage unit is arbitrary. For example, the storage power storage unit may further include a connection terminal that connects the external power storage unit, and the external power storage unit is connected to the connection terminal. It may be possible to increase the total capacity by adding the capacity of the external power storage unit to the capacity. In addition, when the quick charging device includes two or more power plugs, at least one of the two or more power plugs is connected to the storage power storage unit, and the connector provided in the external power storage unit When the power plug is connected, the storage power storage unit is configured to function as a connection cable that connects the storage power storage unit and the external power storage unit, and the power plug is connected to the connector of the external power storage unit. It may be possible to increase the total capacity by adding the capacity of the external power storage unit to the capacity.

It is the schematic of the quick-charge apparatus of this Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the rapid charging apparatus of this Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the charge control by the quick charge apparatus of this Embodiment. (A) is a graph showing the relationship between the charging time and the output when charging a plug-in type vehicle using a quick charging device, and (B) shows the relationship between the charging time and the charge amount of the storage power storage unit. It is a graph to show. (A) is a graph which shows the relationship between the charging time and output when charging a plug-in type vehicle using a quick charging device, and (B) is the charging time and storage power storage during fast charging and slow charging. It is a graph which shows the relationship of the charge amount of a part. It is the schematic of the rapid charging device of 2nd Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the rapid charging apparatus of 2nd Embodiment. It is the schematic of the rapid charging device of 3rd Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the rapid charging apparatus of 3rd Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, the rapid charging apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a rapid charging apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram thereof. The rapid charging apparatus 1 is composed of a rapid charging apparatus main body 3 and a plug split unit 5 and is installed at the center of a parking lot where two plug-in vehicles can be parked. The rapid charging apparatus main body 3 houses a DC power supply unit 7, a storage power storage unit 9, a power storage control unit 11, a power supply control unit 13, a communication unit 17, and a command generation unit 19. The plug dividing unit 5 includes a power supply switching circuit 15, and two power plugs 21 extend. Although not shown, the quick charging apparatus 1 is provided with a charging charge input port corresponding to each power plug 21, and the charging charge is input after the vehicle is connected to the power plug 21. ing.

  The plug-in type vehicle 23 is a vehicle that travels by using an electric motor such as an electric vehicle (EV), a plug-in hybrid vehicle, and an electric two-wheeled vehicle equipped with a plug-in connector 25, and the mounted battery 27 is connected to an external power source. It is a type of vehicle that receives power from the vehicle and charges it. The capacitor 27 may be a secondary battery such as a lead storage battery, a lithium ion battery, or a nickel metal hydride battery, or a large capacity capacitor such as a lithium ion capacitor.

  The DC power supply unit 7 includes a converter, a transformer, and a rectifier (not shown). The DC power supply unit 7 is controlled by the power supply control unit 13 and converts AC power received from a commercial power source into DC power and outputs the DC power. The storage power storage unit 9 includes a storage battery (not shown) and a charge / discharge circuit. The storage battery may be a secondary battery such as a lead storage battery, a lithium ion battery, or a nickel metal hydride battery, or a large capacity capacitor such as a lithium ion capacitor. Good. The power storage control unit 11 charges the storage power storage unit 9 with the output of the DC power supply unit 7 according to the charge command, and controls and outputs the DC power stored in the storage power storage unit 9 according to the output control command. The power supply control unit 13 controls and outputs the DC power output from the DC power supply unit 7 according to the output control command. In the present embodiment, the direct-current power of the direct-current power supply unit 7 is a maximum of 30 kW so as to be equal to or less than the contract power amount of the electrical equipment at the installation site of the quick charging device 1. Further, the DC power of the storage power storage unit 9 is a maximum of 20 kW.

  The two power plugs 21 are connected to the plug-in connector 25 by two types of connection lines, that is, an A connection line and a B connection line. Specifically, it is connected to the power supply switching circuit 15 by the A connection line, connected to the plug-in connector 25 of the plug-in type vehicle 23, and controlled from the DC power supply unit 7 controlled by the power control unit 13. The DC power thus controlled and the controlled DC power from the storage power storage unit 9 controlled by the power storage control unit 11 are supplied to the battery 27 of the plug-in type vehicle 23. The two power plugs 21 are also connected to the communication unit 17 by B connection lines, respectively. The communication unit 17 communicates with the plug-in type vehicle 23 through a communication line provided in the power plug 21 to obtain the storage information of the battery 27. Here, the storage information includes at least the voltage and temperature of the storage battery. The command generation unit 19 generates a charge command, an output control command, a selection command, and a selection end command based on the power storage information obtained from the communication unit 17. The power supply switching circuit 15 is connected to the DC power supply unit 7 and the storage power storage unit 9, and is connected to the power plug 21 selected according to the selection command from the DC power supply unit 7 or the DC power supply unit 7 and the storage. The combined DC power of the power storage unit 9 is supplied, and the supply of DC power to the power plug 21 is stopped by a selection end command. That is, the maximum DC power of the rapid charging apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is 50 kW, which is a combination of the DC power 30 kW of the DC power supply unit 7 and the DC power 20 kW of the storage battery unit 9.

[Charge control by quick charger]
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing charging control by the rapid charging apparatus of the present embodiment, and FIG. 4A is a charging time when charging the plug-in type vehicle using the rapid charging apparatus of the present embodiment. FIG. 4B is a graph showing the relationship between the charging time and the amount of charge of the storage power storage unit. FIG. 4 illustrates a case where two plug-in vehicles are charged.

The rapid charging apparatus 1 is in a standby state until the plug-in type vehicle 23 is connected to any one of the power plugs 21 (step ST1). When plug-in type vehicle 23 is connected to power plug 21, command generation unit 19 determines a vehicle to be charged in the connected order (step ST2). When the vehicle for quick charging is determined, the command generator 19 generates a selection command for selecting the power plug 21 to which the vehicle is connected after confirming the payment of the fee or the willingness to pay the fee, Power supply from the power supply switching circuit 15 is started (step ST3, t _{0 in} FIGS. 4A and 4B).

  The rapid charging by the rapid charging apparatus 1 is performed according to a command from the plug-in type vehicle 23. Depending on conditions such as the charging state of the battery 27 of the plug-in type vehicle 23, if the charging capacity is less than 20%, the maximum output at the start of charging is the DC power 30 kW of the DC power supply unit 7 and storage 50 kW, which is a combination of DC power 20 kW of the power storage unit 9. Thereafter, the DC power output from the power plug 21 is controlled so as to gradually decrease in accordance with the charge capacity of the battery 27. At this time, the power storage control unit 11 controls the output so as to preferentially reduce the output from the storage power storage unit 9.

The command generator 19 monitors whether or not the DC power supplied from the power plug 21 to the battery 27 has become less than 30 kW, which is the maximum DC power from the DC power supply 7 (step ST4). When the DC power supplied from the power plug 21 to the battery 27 becomes less than 30 kW, which is the maximum DC power from the DC power supply unit 7, the command generation unit 19 generates a charge command, and the power storage control unit 11 7 output starts charging the reservoir for the power storage unit 9 (step ST5. Figure 4 t ₁ of (a) (B)). That is, when the DC power supplied from the power plug 21 to the battery 27 falls below 30 kW, which is the maximum DC power from the DC power supply unit 7, the remaining DC power is maintained while continuing to charge the battery 27 of the plug-in type vehicle 23. Charging of storage power storage unit 9 is started using electric power.

The command generator 19 monitors whether or not the charge capacity has reached a predetermined charge state based on the storage information (capacitor voltage) of the battery 27 obtained from the communication unit 17 (step ST6). The “predetermined state of charge” can be arbitrarily set, and may be a fully charged state or a state that does not reach the fully charged state such as 80% or more of the charging capacity. When it is detected that the battery is in a predetermined charging state, the command generator 19 outputs a selection end command to the power supply switching circuit 15, thereby charging the first plug-in vehicle 23. There is completed (step ST7. t ₂ in FIG. 4 (a) (B)) . In the present embodiment, it is further determined whether or not there is a vehicle connected to the other power plug 21 (step ST8). If the vehicle to the other power supply plug 21 is connected, and ends the charging of the reservoir for the power storage unit 9 (step ST9. Figure 4 t ₃ of (A) (B)), it returns to step ST2, the following determining the vehicle for charging, from step ST2 to step ST8 are repeated (t ₄ ~t ₆ in FIG. 4 (a) (B)) . If it is determined that there is no vehicle to charge to charge the reservoir for a power storage unit 9 to a predetermined charged state, the charging is completed (t ₇ in step ST10 and step ST11. FIG 4 (A) (B)) .

[Change charging mode]
The rapid charging apparatus 1 of the present embodiment can charge the storage power storage unit 9 by changing the output amount of DC power from the DC power supply unit 7 in order to suppress the deterioration of the storage power storage unit 9. is there. FIG. 5A is a graph showing the relationship between the charging time and the output of DC power from the power plug when the plug-in type vehicle is charged using the rapid charging apparatus of the embodiment, and FIG. These are graphs which show the relationship between the charging time at the time of high speed charge and low speed charge, and the charge amount of the storage battery unit for storage.

  The power storage control unit 11 of the quick charging device 1 has a timer function, and a plug-in that comes to charge in the daytime (eg, 7:00 am to 11:00 pm) as shown by a broken line a in FIG. The storage power storage unit 9 is charged by high-speed charging in preparation for the type vehicle. On the other hand, since there are fewer plug-in vehicles that come to charge at night (eg, 11:00 pm to 7:00 am) compared to daytime, fast charging is performed as shown by the solid line b in FIG. The charging command is generated so as to perform low-speed charging at a lower speed. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the storage power storage unit 9.

<Second Embodiment>
FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing the quick charging apparatus of the second embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the quick charging apparatus of the second embodiment. In FIGS. 6 and 7, the same members as those in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 and 2 plus 100. Therefore, the description is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the quick charger main body 103 of the quick charger 101 according to the second embodiment includes a connection terminal 131 for connecting an external power storage unit 129. When the plug-in type vehicle 123 can be charged only with the capacity of the built-in storage power storage unit 109, it is not necessary to connect the external power storage unit 129. In the case where it is installed in a place where there are many or when there are many plug-in type vehicles 123 coming for charging, the external power storage unit 129 is connected to the capacity of the storage power storage unit 109 by connecting the external power storage unit 129 with a cable. It is possible to increase the total capacity by adding capacity. Of course, the external power storage unit 129 may be provided with a connection terminal, and the external power storage unit may be further connectable.

<Third Embodiment>
FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing a rapid charging apparatus according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the rapid charging apparatus according to the third embodiment. In FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the same members as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are given the same number as the number of the reference numbers given in FIG. 1 and FIG. Therefore, the description is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the rapid charging apparatus 201 of the third embodiment includes a first power plug 221A and a second power plug 221B. The second power plug 221B is also electrically connected to the storage power storage unit 209, and when connected to the connector 233 provided in the external power storage unit 229, the second power plug 221B and its cable are used for storage. The power storage unit 209 is configured to function as a connection cable that connects the external power storage unit 229. When storage power storage unit 209 and external power storage unit 229 are connected, the capacity of external power storage unit 229 is added to the capacity of storage power storage unit 209, and the total capacity increases. Therefore, it is possible to increase the total capacity by a simple method using a power plug without providing a dedicated connection terminal.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been specifically described above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and can of course be modified within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. It is.

  For example, in the present embodiment, the quick charging device has two power plugs, but may have one power plug, or may have three or more power plugs. . In addition, switching between high speed charging and low speed charging is performed according to a time zone by a timer function. For example, even if a predetermined time elapses after charging of a battery of a plug-in type vehicle is completed, the next plug-in When the charging of the type vehicle does not start, a charging command may be generated so that the storage power storage unit is charged at a lower speed than the high speed charging.

  Of course, the numerical values described above are merely examples.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the quick charge apparatus which can utilize the direct-current power from a direct-current power supply part to the maximum, and can minimize utilization of the electrical storage part for a storage with which a quick charge apparatus is provided can be provided. In addition, it is possible to provide a quick charging device that can prevent deterioration of the storage power storage unit included in the quick charging device and extend the life of the storage power storage unit.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Quick charging apparatus 3 Rapid charging apparatus main body 5 Plug division | segmentation unit 7 DC power supply part 9 Storage electrical storage part 11 Electrical storage control part 13 Power supply control part 15 Power supply switching circuit 17 Communication part 19 Command generation part 21 Power plug 23 Plug-in type vehicle 25 Plug-in connector 27

Claims (4)

A quick charging device for rapidly charging a battery mounted on a plug-in type vehicle,
A DC power supply,
A power storage unit for storage;
A storage control unit that charges the storage power storage unit with an output of the DC power supply unit according to a charge command, and controls and outputs DC power stored in the storage power storage unit according to an output control command;
A power supply control unit that controls and outputs DC power output from the DC power supply unit according to the output control command;
Connected to the plug-in connector of the plug-in type vehicle and controlled from the DC power source controlled by the power source control unit and from the storage power storage unit controlled by the power storage control unit One or more power plugs for supplying the controlled DC power to the battery of the plug-in type vehicle;
A communication unit that communicates with at least the plug-in type vehicle to obtain power storage information of the battery;
A command generation unit that generates the charge command and the output control command based on the power storage information obtained from the communication unit;
The command generation unit outputs the shortage DC power from the storage power storage unit when the DC power supplied from the power plug to the battery is greater than or equal to the maximum DC power supplied from the DC power supply unit. Generating a control command, and when the DC power supplied from the power plug to the battery is less than the maximum DC power, the charging command is generated ,
The power storage control unit can charge the storage power storage unit by changing an output amount of DC power from the DC power supply unit according to the charging command,
The command generator generates the next plug-in type vehicle even after a predetermined time has elapsed after the charging of the battery of the plug-in type vehicle is completed after generating the charge command to charge at high speed. The quick charging device is characterized by generating the charging command so that the storage power storage unit is charged at a lower speed than the fast charging when the charging of the battery does not start.   The rapid charging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the maximum DC power is equal to or less than a contract power amount. The quick charging device further includes a connection terminal for connecting an external external power storage unit different from the storage power storage unit,
The rapid charging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a total capacity can be increased by adding the capacity of the external power storage unit to the capacity of the storage power storage unit by connecting the external power storage unit to the connection terminal. The quick charging device includes two or more power plugs,
Of the two or more power plugs, at least one is connected to the storage power storage unit, and is connected to a connector provided in an external power storage unit outside the storage power storage unit. , Configured to fulfill the function of a connection cable that connects the storage power storage unit and the external power storage unit,
By connecting the at least one power plug connected to the storage power storage unit to the connector of the external power storage unit, the capacity of the external power storage unit is added to the capacity of the storage power storage unit to obtain a total capacity The quick charging device according to claim 1, which can be increased.

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