JP6602196B2 - Gasification device and gasification combined power generation facility - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a gasification device that generates gas fuel by partially burning carbon-containing solid fuel such as coal or biomass to gasify, a gasification device manufacturing method for manufacturing the gasification device, and a gasification device. The present invention relates to a gasification combined power generation facility.

  The gasification combined power generation facility (coal gasification combined power generation facility) is composed of a coal supply device, a coal gasification device, a gas purification device, a gas turbine facility, a steam turbine facility, an exhaust heat recovery boiler, a gas purification device, and the like. . In the coal gasification combined power generation facility, a coal gasification apparatus has a gasification furnace disposed in a pressure vessel, and a combustion apparatus is disposed vertically below the gasification furnace, while a heat exchanger ( Gas cooler) is arranged. Moreover, the coal gasification apparatus is maintaining the inside of a gasification furnace in a high pressure state by filling the annulus part (pressure holding part) between a pressure vessel and a gasification furnace with inert gas, such as nitrogen. . The gasification furnace and the annulus portion communicate with each other through a pressure equalizing pipe, thereby suppressing an increase in the differential pressure between the gasification furnace and the annulus portion due to pressure fluctuation in the gasification furnace.

  In the coal gasifier, when the amount of fuel supplied fluctuates when the load changes, such as when the load rises, and the pressure inside the gasifier rises, the generated gas in the gasifier passes through the pressure equalizing pipe and the annulus part The pressure difference between the gasification furnace and the annulus is suppressed. The annulus section supplies a pressurizing gas such as nitrogen to maintain the pressure of the annulus section, so that the product gas flowing from the gasifier to the annulus section returns to the gasifier. Thus, the annulus can maintain an inert gas atmosphere. On the other hand, the product gas contains unreacted components and ash (hereinafter referred to as char), and the char may flow into the annulus with the product gas. The coal gasifier is provided with a slag hopper that stores water at the lower end, and char flowing into the annulus may contaminate the annulus. For this reason, even when the product gas in the gasification furnace flows out to the annulus part through the pressure equalizing tube and char may flow into the annulus part together with the product gas, it is necessary to catch the char. As what solves such a subject, there exists a thing described in the following patent document 1, for example. In the coal gasifier described in Patent Document 1, a char receiving portion is provided below an end portion on the space portion (annulus portion) side of the pressure equalizing pipe.

JP 2014-080506 A

  In the conventional coal gasifier (Patent Document 1), there is provided a char receiving portion that recovers the char that flows from the gasifier through the pressure equalizing pipe and the product gas. The char receiving portion is disposed in the space portion, the first inclined portion constituting the bottom portion is fixed to the inner wall surface of the pressure vessel, and is used for pressurization between the furnace wall of the gasification furnace and the outer wall of the char receiving portion. A gas flow path through which gas flows is provided. In this case, during the operation of the coal gasifier, the gasification furnace becomes hot because the fuel partially burns and gasifies inside, while the pressure vessel is filled with an inert gas in the annulus (space). Therefore, it is not as hot as the gasifier. For this reason, the gasification furnace and the pressure vessel have different amounts of thermal elongation in the vertical direction, and the vertical positions of the pressure equalizing tube fixed to the gasification furnace and the char receiving portion fixed to the pressure vessel are shifted. Then, the pressure equalizing tube and the char receiving portion may interfere with each other, or the distance between the pressure equalizing tube and the char receiving portion may be increased, making it difficult to collect the char.

  The present invention solves the above-described problem, and suppresses the interference between the pressure equalizing pipe and the char receiving portion and appropriately collects the char flowing from the gasifier through the pressure equalizing pipe to the annulus portion (pressure holding portion). An object of the present invention is to provide a gasification device, a gasification device manufacturing method, and a gasification combined power generation facility.

  In order to achieve the above object, a gasification apparatus of the present invention includes a gasification furnace for gasifying a carbon-containing solid fuel, a pressure vessel for storing the gasification furnace, the gasification furnace, and the pressure vessel. A pressure holding unit filled with a pressurizing gas, a pressurizing gas supply device that supplies the pressurizing gas to the pressure holding unit, and a pressure equalizing pipe that communicates the inside of the gasification furnace and the pressure holding unit And a char receiving part for receiving the char flowing into the pressure holding part through the pressure equalizing pipe, wherein the pressure equalizing pipe and the char receiving part are supported by the gasification furnace. .

  Therefore, the gasification furnace is housed in the pressure vessel, and the pressure holding unit is defined between the two. By connecting the inside of the gasification furnace and the pressure holding unit with a pressure equalizing pipe, The pressure difference with the pressure holding unit can be reduced, and the pressurization gas supply device supplies the pressurizing gas to the pressure holding unit, thereby suppressing the inflow of the generated gas from the gasification furnace to the pressure holding unit. In addition, by providing the char receiving portion, the char can be received when the char flows into the pressure holding portion due to the pressure fluctuation of the gasification furnace. The pressure equalizing tube and the char receiving portion are supported by the same gasification furnace, so that the pressure equalizing tube and the char receiving portion move together with the gasification furnace even if a difference in thermal expansion occurs between the gasification furnace and the pressure vessel. Thus, the pressure equalizing tube and the char receiving portion do not interfere with each other, and the distance between the pressure equalizing tube and the char receiving portion is not increased. As a result, interference between the pressure equalizing pipe and the char receiving section can be suppressed, and char that flows from the gasification furnace to the pressure holding section through the pressure equalizing pipe can be properly recovered.

  In the gasification apparatus of the present invention, the gasification furnace has a cylindrical shape with a polygonal cross-sectional shape at a vertical height position where the char receiving portion is disposed, and the char receiving portion is the gasification furnace of the gasification furnace. The side portions are fixed to the opposing wall portions constituting the polygonal cross section so as to be line symmetric with respect to the center in the vertical direction of the pressure holding portion.

  Therefore, at the vertical height position between the pressure equalizing pipe 141 and the char receiving portion 142, the polygonal cylindrical gasification furnace is stored in the cylindrical pressure vessel, and the plurality of char receiving portions are opposed to the gasification furnace. By fixing to the outer surface of each wall part, the char receiving part is arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the pressure holding part, and the flow path of the pressurizing gas that rises the pressure holding part is also with respect to the center of the pressure holding part Therefore, the occurrence of pressure imbalance with respect to the gasifier can be suppressed.

  In the gasification apparatus of the present invention, the char receiving portion is characterized in that the other side portion has a curved shape along the inner surface of the pressure vessel, and a constant gap is provided between the char receiving portion and the inner surface of the pressure vessel. .

  Therefore, the char receiving part supported by the gasification furnace has a curved shape, and the char receiving part is separated from the pressure vessel through the gap by providing a constant gap with the inner surface of the pressure vessel. It is possible to suppress interference between the pressure equalizing tube and the char receiving portion due to the difference in thermal expansion between the gasification furnace and the pressure vessel, and it is possible to suppress the char from dropping from the gap between the char receiving portion and the pressure vessel.

  In the gasifier of the present invention, a plurality of the pressure equalizing tubes are provided in a bent shape, arranged corresponding to the two char receiving portions, and one end portion of the gas equalizer tube along the horizontal direction. The other end portion is inserted into the char receiving portion along the vertical direction.

  Therefore, by inserting the other end of the pressure equalizing tube into the char receiving portion, when the generated gas flows from the gasifier through the pressure equalizing tube into the pressure holding portion, the char contained in the generated gas is surely secured by the char receiving portion. I can take it.

  In the gasification apparatus of the present invention, the pressure holding unit has a gas passage through which the pressurizing gas passes through the pressure holding unit at a vertical height position where the char receiving unit is disposed, and the gas flow The passage area of the passage is set to an area where the flow rate of the pressurizing gas is equal to or higher than the char end velocity.

  Therefore, by setting the flow area of the gas flow path to an area where the flow rate of the pressurizing gas is equal to or higher than the char terminal velocity of the pressurizing gas, the pressure holding unit can be raised only by changing the shape of the existing components. The nitrogen gas can be at or above the char terminal velocity, so that the char that has flowed into the pressure holding unit can be prevented from dropping, and the structure can be prevented from becoming complicated.

  In the gasification apparatus of the present invention, the flow channel area of the gas flow channel can be adjusted by a closing plate that partially closes the pressure holding unit.

  Therefore, by adjusting the flow passage area of the gas flow passage with the closing plate, the size of the flow passage area of the gas flow passage can be adjusted without changing the shape of the char receiving portion, etc. The performance can be improved.

  In the gasification apparatus of the present invention, the char receiving portion has a box shape having an opening in the vertical direction, and a wall portion is provided around the bottom along the gasification furnace and the pressure vessel. An inclined portion inclined outward is provided between the bottom portion and the wall portion with respect to a central axis extending in the vertical vertical direction of the char receiving portion toward the opening.

  Therefore, by providing the inclined portion between the bottom portion and the wall portion of the char receiving portion, the char flowing into the pressure holding portion through the pressure equalizing pipe from the gasifier can be reliably received by the char receiving portion. The char can be easily floated by the generated gas to prevent the fall.

  In the gasification apparatus of the present invention, the char receiving portion has a box shape having an opening in the vertical direction, and a mouth plate through which the flow gas flows is arranged at a predetermined interval from the bottom. A gas supply line for supplying the flowing gas is connected to a space between the bottom and the eye plate.

  Therefore, when an inert gas is supplied from the gas supply line to the space between the bottom of the char receiving unit and the eye plate, the char accumulated in the char receiving unit floats due to the flowing gas, and the char receiving unit While storing a large amount of char, it is possible to prevent the char from falling.

  In the gasifier of the present invention, a perforated plate is provided between the bottom portion and the eye plate, and the gas supply line is connected to a space portion between the bottom portion and the perforated plate.

  Therefore, when the flowing gas is supplied from the gas supply line to the space between the bottom of the char receiving portion and the perforated plate, the flowing gas is rectified when it passes through the perforated plate and acts on the eye plate. The inert gas is uniformly supplied to the char accumulated in the portion, and the char accumulated in the char receiving portion can be appropriately suspended.

  The gasification device manufacturing method of the present invention includes a gasification furnace for gasifying a carbon-containing solid fuel, a pressure vessel for storing the gasification furnace, and a pressure vessel between the gasification furnace and the pressure vessel. A pressure holding unit filled with gas, a pressurizing gas supply device for supplying a pressurizing gas to the pressure holding unit, a pressure equalizing pipe communicating the inside of the gasification furnace and the pressure holding part, and the pressure equalizing pipe And a char receiving unit that receives the char flowing into the pressure holding unit through the gasification device, wherein the pressure equalizing pipe and the char receiving unit are supported by a wall surface of the gasification furnace. Is.

  Therefore, by supporting the pressure equalizing tube and the char receiving portion on the wall of the gasification furnace, the pressure equalizing tube and the char receiving portion move together with the gasification furnace even if a difference in thermal expansion occurs between the gasification furnace and the pressure vessel. Therefore, the pressure equalizing tube and the pressure vessel do not interfere with each other, and the distance between the pressure equalizing tube and the char receiving portion does not increase. As a result, interference between the pressure equalizing pipe and the char receiving section can be suppressed, and char that flows from the gasification furnace to the pressure holding section through the pressure equalizing pipe can be properly recovered.

  The gasification combined power generation facility gasification apparatus of the present invention is configured to gasify a carbon-containing solid fuel to generate a combustible gas, and to remove impurities from the combustible gas generated by the gasification apparatus. A gas purification device that performs gas purification, a gas turbine facility that rotates a turbine by burning a mixed gas of at least a part of the combustible gas purified by the gas purification device and compressed air, and the gas turbine facility The exhaust heat recovery boiler which produces | generates steam with the waste gas from this, and the steam turbine equipment which rotationally drives a turbine with the steam produced | generated by the said exhaust heat recovery boiler are characterized by the above-mentioned.

  Therefore, even if a difference in thermal expansion occurs between the gasification furnace and the pressure vessel in the gasifier, the pressure equalizing tube and the pressure vessel do not interfere with each other, and the distance between the pressure equalizing tube and the char receiving portion does not increase. The interference between the pressure equalizing pipe and the char receiving portion can be suppressed, and the char flowing from the gasification furnace to the pressure holding portion through the pressure equalizing pipe can be properly recovered. As a result, it is possible to reduce the processing cost in the boiler by preventing the char from falling at the pressure holding unit and suppressing the deterioration of the drainage property of the stored water.

  According to the gasification device, the gasification device manufacturing method, and the gasification combined power generation facility of the present invention, the pressure equalizing tube and the char receiving portion are supported by the gasification furnace, and therefore, interference between the pressure equalizing tube and the char receiving portion is suppressed. In addition, the char flowing from the gasifier through the pressure equalizing tube to the annulus portion (pressure holding portion) can be properly recovered.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a gasifier according to the first embodiment. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1 showing a horizontal cross section of the gasifier. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a pressure equalizing device. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a combined coal gasification combined power generation facility to which the gasification apparatus of the first embodiment is applied. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a pressure equalizing device in the gasifier of the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a pressure equalizing device.

  Exemplary embodiments of a gasifier, a method of manufacturing a gasifier, and a combined gasification power generation facility will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this embodiment, and when there are two or more embodiments, what comprises combining each embodiment is also included.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a combined coal gasification combined power generation facility to which the gasification apparatus of the first embodiment is applied.

  The coal gasification combined power generation facility (IGCC: Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle) of the first embodiment adopts an air combustion method in which coal gas is generated by a gasifier using air as an oxidizer and is purified by a gas purifier. The coal gas is supplied as fuel gas to the gas turbine equipment for power generation. That is, the coal gasification combined power generation facility of the first embodiment is an air combustion type (air blowing) power generation facility. As the fuel supplied to the gasifier, for example, a carbon-containing solid fuel such as coal is used.

  In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the coal gasification combined power generation facility (gasification combined power generation facility) 10 includes a pulverized coal supply facility 11, a coal gasification device 12, a char recovery device 13, and a gas purification device 14. , A combined power generation facility 15 and an exhaust heat recovery boiler (HRSG) 16 are provided.

  The pulverized coal supply facility 11 is a facility that pulverizes coal into fine particles to produce pulverized coal. The pulverized coal produced by the pulverized coal supply facility is supplied to the gasifier apparatus 12. The coal gasifier 12 uses pulverized coal and is a device that can use char (unreacted coal and ash) recovered by the char recovery device 13. The coal gasifier 12 gasifies coal (pulverized coal) as a carbon-containing fuel supplied therein by partially burning it with an oxidizing agent (air, oxygen), and generates combustible gas. The coal gasifier 12 is provided with a gas generation line 31 for combustible gas toward the char recovery device 13 and can discharge combustible gas containing char.

  The char recovery device 13 includes a dust collector and a supply hopper. In this case, the dust collector is constituted by one or a plurality of porous filters or cyclones, and can separate char contained in the combustible gas generated by the coal gasifier 12. The combustible gas from which the char has been separated is sent to the gas purifier 14 through the gas discharge line 32.

  The gas purification device 14 performs gas purification by removing impurities such as sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds from the combustible gas from which the char has been separated by the char recovery device 13. The gas purifier 14 purifies the combustible gas to produce fuel gas, and supplies it to the combined power generation facility 15.

  The combined power generation facility 15 includes a gas turbine facility, a steam turbine facility, and a generator. The exhaust heat recovery boiler 16 generates steam from the heat of the exhaust gas used in the steam turbine facility of the combined power generation facility 15 and sends the steam to the steam turbine facility. The exhaust gas from which heat has been recovered by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 16 is freed of harmful substances by the gas purification device 33, and the purified exhaust gas is discharged from the chimney 34 to the atmosphere.

  In the combined coal gasification combined power generation facility 10 configured as described above, the pulverized coal generated by the pulverized coal supply facility 11 is supplied to the coal gasifier 12. Further, the char recovered by the char recovery device 13 is supplied to the coal gasifier 12. The coal gasifier 12 generates combustible gas (coal gas) by burning the supplied pulverized coal and char with compressed air (oxygen) and gasifying the pulverized coal and char. This combustible gas is discharged from the coal gasifier 12 through the gas generation line 31 and sent to the char recovery device 13. In the char recovery device 13, the combustible gas is separated from the combustible gas by the dust collector, and the combustible gas from which the char has been separated is sent to the gas purification device 14 through the gas discharge line 32. On the other hand, the fine char separated from the combustible gas is returned to the coal gasifier 12 for recycling.

  The combustible gas from which the char has been separated is subjected to gas purification by removing impurities such as sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds in the gas purification device 14 to produce fuel gas. In the combined power generation facility 15, the compressed air supplied from the gas turbine facility and the fuel gas supplied from the gas purification device 14 are mixed and burned to generate combustion gas to drive the turbine. To generate electricity. The exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine equipment generates steam by exchanging heat with the feed water in the exhaust heat recovery boiler 16, and supplies the generated steam to the steam turbine equipment to rotationally drive the turbine. Then, power is generated by the generator. The gas purification device 33 removes harmful substances from the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust heat recovery boiler 16, and the purified exhaust gas is released from the chimney 34 to the atmosphere.

  Hereinafter, the coal gasification apparatus 12 in the coal gasification combined power generation facility 10 described above will be described in detail. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a gasifier according to the first embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the coal gasifier 12 is disposed above the gasifier 101 and a gasifier 101 that gasifies coal (pulverized coal) as a carbon-containing fuel. It has a heat exchanger 102 and a pressure vessel 103 for storing the gasification furnace 101, and an annulus portion (pressure holding portion) 104 is defined between the gasification furnace 101 and the pressure vessel 103.

  The gasification furnace 101 has a hollow shape, and is provided with a reductor part 111, a diffuser part 112, and a combustor part 113 from the upper part in the vertical direction. Further, the gasification furnace 101 is provided with a heat exchanger accommodating portion 114 for accommodating the heat exchanger 102 above the reductor portion 111 in the vertical direction, and a gas discharge port 115 is formed above the heat exchanger accommodating portion 114. Has been. At least a part of the furnace wall surface of the gasification furnace 101 is configured by a plurality of heat transfer tubes (not shown) in which the furnace wall extends in the vertical direction and is arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction.

  The pressure vessel 103 has a hollow shape, and an upper end portion in the vertical direction is joined to the outer peripheral portion of the gasification furnace 101, and a slag hopper 116 for storing water is provided at the lower end portion. The gasification furnace 101 is water-sealed with a lower end portion immersed in water stored in the slag hopper 116. In this pressure vessel 103, an annulus portion 104 is defined in a space portion between the gasification furnace 101 and the pressure vessel 103 by arranging the gasification furnace 101 therein.

  The combustor unit 113 is a space that partially burns pulverized coal, char, and air, and the high-temperature combustion gas that burns part of the pulverized coal and char in the combustor unit 113 passes through the diffuser unit 112. It flows into the reductor unit 111. The reductor unit 111 is maintained at a high temperature necessary for the gasification reaction and supplies pulverized coal to the combustion gas from the combustor unit 113 to convert the pulverized coal into volatile components (carbon monoxide, hydrogen, lower hydrocarbons, etc.). It is a space that is pyrolyzed and gasified to generate a combustible gas, and the gasified combustible gas (generated gas) flows from the lower side to the upper side in the vertical direction.

  Further, the pressure vessel 103 applies a pressurizing gas (for example, nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas, natural gas, etc. as an inert gas) to the annulus portion 104 formed between the pressure vessel 103 and the gasification furnace 101. A pressurizing gas supply device 119 is provided. That is, a plurality of gas nozzles 120 are provided in the circumferential direction in the pressure vessel 103, and are fixed so as to penetrate the pressure vessel 103 and have a tip portion positioned at the annulus portion 104. The gas nozzle 120 is provided outside the reductor unit 111 in the pressure vessel 103, and is connected to a nitrogen gas supply line 121 as a pressurizing gas. The nitrogen gas supply line 121 is provided with a flow rate adjustment valve 122. When nitrogen gas is supplied to the lower part of the annulus part 104 by the gas nozzle 120, the nitrogen gas rises in the annulus part 104 and fills the entire region.

  The heat exchanger 102 is provided inside the wall surface of the gasification furnace 101 and is provided vertically above the reductor unit 111. A plurality of heat exchangers 102 are provided along the vertical vertical direction to cool the generated gas by exchanging heat with the generated gas generated in the reductor unit 111. The number of heat exchangers 102 is not limited.

  The gasification furnace 101 is composed of a plurality of heat transfer tubes (not shown) in which a furnace wall 125 extends in the vertical direction and is arranged in the circumferential direction, and the heat transfer tubes are connected via fins. The plurality of heat transfer tubes have their lower ends collected in the header 125a and their upper ends collected in the header 125b. The steam drum 126 is connected to the header 125a via the downcomer 127, and is connected to the header 125b via the ascending pipe 128, and a circulation pump 129 is provided in the downcomer 127. Further, the downcomer 127 is provided with a branch pipe 130, which is connected to one end (inlet header) of the heat transfer pipe of the heat exchanger 102 (for example, an evaporator), and the other end of the heat transfer pipe. The delivery pipe 131 connected to the section (exit header) is connected to the steam drum 126.

  In the gasification furnace 101, a plurality of cooling pipes (hanger pipes) 132 as hanging tools are arranged along the vertical direction in the vertical direction, supported by the gasification furnace 101, and the heat exchanger 102 The hanger tube 132 is suspended and supported. The plurality of hanger pipes 132 are connected to the water supply pipe 133 from the outside at the lower end collecting portion, and are connected to the water supply pipe 134 at the upper end portion. In the heat exchanger 102 (for example, a economizer), a water supply pipe 134 is connected to one end (inlet header) of the heat transfer pipe, and a water supply pipe 135 connected to the other end (outlet header) of the heat transfer pipe is: It is connected to the steam drum 126. The steam pipe 136 from the steam drum 126 is connected to one end (inlet header) of the heat transfer tube of the heat exchanger 102 (for example, a superheater), and the other end (outlet header) of the heat transfer tube is discharged from the steam. A pipe 138 is connected, and a steam discharge pipe 138 is connected to a steam turbine (not shown).

  In the coal gasifier 12, a plurality of pressure equalizing pipes 141 communicating the upper part in the vertical direction in the gasifier 101 and the upper part of the annulus 104 are provided on the furnace wall of the gasifier 101 at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. . Further, the coal gasifier 12 is provided with a char receiving portion 142 that receives the char flowing from the gasification furnace 101 through the pressure equalizing pipe 141 into the annulus portion 104.

  The coal gasifier 12 maintains the high pressure state in the gasification furnace 101 by the annulus part 104 by filling the annulus part 104 between the gasification furnace 101 and the pressure vessel 103 with nitrogen gas. And the inside of the gasification furnace 101 and the annulus part 104 are connected by the pressure equalizing pipe 141, and the inside of the gasification furnace 101 and the exterior (annulus part 104) are equalized. The pressure equalizing pipe 141 suppresses an increase in the differential pressure between the gasification furnace 101 and the annulus portion 104 due to the pressure fluctuation in the gasification furnace 101.

  However, since the pressure in the gasification furnace 101 rises when the fuel supply amount fluctuates when the load of the coal gasifier 12 increases or when the fuel supply amount fluctuates even during rated operation, the pressure in the gasification furnace 101 increases. The generated gas flows through the pressure equalizing tube 141 to the annulus unit 104. The generated gas contains char, and when the char flows into the annulus 104 and falls into the stored water of the slag hopper 116, the fine particles in the stored water increase, and the drainage property exceeds the allowable value. There is. Therefore, a char receiving portion 142 is provided below the opening of the annulus portion 104 in the pressure equalizing pipe 141. Then, even when the product gas in the gasification furnace 101 flows to the annulus unit 104 through the pressure equalizing pipe 141, the char included in the product gas is received by the char receiving unit 142.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the char receiving portion 142 has a box shape with an opening in the vertical direction, and is supported by being suspended by being fixed to the outer surface of the furnace wall in the gasification furnace 101. . That is, in the present embodiment, the gasification furnace 101 has a polygonal cylindrical shape including a curved surface. For example, the gasification furnace 101 has a rectangular cross-sectional cylindrical shape, and the pressure vessel 103 has a circular cross-sectional cylindrical shape. The gasification furnace 101 is disposed in the pressure vessel 103 as an annulus part (pressure holding part) 104 with a gap. The gasification furnace 101 has four wall portions 101a, 101b, 101c, and 101d, and one side portion of the char receiving portion 142 is fixed to the outer surfaces of the two opposing wall portions 101a and 101b. The char receiving portions 142 fixed to the wall portions 101a and 101b have substantially the same configuration. The char receiving portion 142 is not limited to two, and is installed corresponding to the pressure equalizing pipe 141. A plurality of pressure equalizing tubes 141 are provided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction at the upper part in the vertical direction in the gasification furnace 101.

  That is, the char receiving portion 142 includes a bottom portion 151, a first vertical wall portion 152, a second vertical wall portion 153, a first side wall portion 154, and a second side wall portion 155, and an opening 156 is provided on the upper side. Yes. The bottom portion 151 is provided along the horizontal direction, and the first vertical wall portion 152 is provided so as to rise in the vertical direction from the end portion of the bottom portion 151 on the gasification furnace 101 side via the first inclined portion 157. The two vertical wall portions 153 are provided to rise in the vertical direction from the end portion of the bottom portion 151 on the pressure vessel 103 side via the second inclined portion 158. The first side wall portion 154 and the second side wall portion 155 are provided so as to rise in the vertical direction from the respective end portions of the bottom portion 151 on the circumferential side of the annulus portion 104 via the third and fourth inclined portions 159 and 160.

  The char receiving portion 142 has a substantially trapezoidal shape in plan view with the vertical wall portions 152 and 153 and the side wall portions 154 and 155, and the vertical portions 151, 158, 159, and 160 with respect to the bottom portion 151. The wall portions 152 and 153 and the side wall portions 154 and 155 spread outward with respect to the central axis extending in the vertical vertical direction of the char receiving portion 142. Therefore, the char receiving unit 142 can collect the received char on the bottom 151 by gravity and prevent it from being scattered toward the central axis. The inclined portions 157, 158, 159, and 160 may be curved instead of linearly inclined. The bottom portion 151, the vertical wall portions 152 and 153, and the side wall portions 154 and 155 are connected to each other. It is good also as the curved surface shape united.

  In the char receiving portion 142, the first vertical wall portion 152 is disposed along the furnace wall of the gasification furnace 101, and the upper portion of the first vertical wall portion 152 is fixed to the furnace wall of the gasification furnace 101 by the connecting portion 161. Has been. This connection part 161 is a welding part, Comprising: It is provided in the 1st vertical wall part 152 upper part along the horizontal direction. In the char receiving portion 142, the second vertical wall portion 153 has a curved shape along the inner surface of the pressure vessel 103, and there is a certain gap between the outer surface of the second vertical wall portion 153 and the inner surface of the pressure vessel 103. It is provided so that the outer surface of the second vertical wall portion 153 and the inner surface of the pressure vessel 103 are not restrained in the vertical vertical direction. For this reason, even if a difference in thermal expansion occurs between the gasification furnace 101 and the pressure vessel 103, the pressure equalizing pipe 141 and the char receiving part 142 move in the same direction together with the gasifying furnace 101, and the pressure equalizing pipe 141 and the char receiving part 142 does not interfere, and the distance between the pressure equalizing tube 141 and the char receiving portion 142 does not increase.

  On the other hand, the pressure equalizing pipe 141 has, for example, a bent L shape, and a plurality (two in this embodiment) are provided in the annulus portion 104. The char receiving portion 142 is fixed to the wall portion 101a (101b) in the gasification furnace 101, and is disposed so as to close the space to the inner surface of the pressure vessel 103 in the annulus portion 104 with a certain gap. Each pressure equalizing pipe 141 is provided so as to face the upper side in the vertical direction corresponding to each char receiving portion 142. Note that the number of pressure equalizing tubes 141 is not limited to two, and may be four or more.

  That is, each pressure equalizing pipe 141 has a substantially similar configuration and is disposed in the annulus portion 104. Each pressure equalizing tube 141 has one end penetrating through the wall portions 101 a and 101 b of the gasification furnace 101, and the other end inserted into the char receiving portion 142. The pressure equalizing pipe 141 is configured by connecting a first straight line portion 171 along the horizontal direction and a second straight line portion 172 along the vertical direction in series. In addition, the 1st linear part 171 and the 2nd linear part 172 may be connected at right angle, and may be connected with a curved part. The second straight portion 172 may be branched from the first straight portion 171 and divided into a plurality of forks to be inserted into the char receiving portion 142. In the pressure equalizing pipe 141, the lower portion of the second straight portion 172 in the vertical direction is inserted into the char receiving portion 142 from the opening 156, and the lower end portion of the second straight portion 172 is on the upper surface (inner bottom surface) of the bottom portion 151 in the vertical direction. It is opposed with a predetermined gap. The lower end portion of the second straight portion 172 has an opening with an enlarged diameter toward the bottom portion 151. The lower end portion of the second straight portion 172 is located above the inclined portions 157, 158, 159, and 160 in the vertical direction and opens toward the central axis extending in the vertical vertical direction of the char receiving portion 142. It is more preferable because the char collected so as to approach is easily returned to the pressure equalizing tube 141.

  Since the char receiving portion 142 and the pressure equalizing tube 141 are supported by the wall portion 101a of the gasification furnace 101, the pressure equalizing tube 141 and the char receiving portion 142 are both the same against the thermal expansion due to the temperature change of the gasification furnace 101. Move in the direction. For this reason, the pressure equalizing tube 141 and the char receiving portion 142 do not interfere with each other, and the distance between the pressure equalizing tube 141 and the char receiving portion 142 is not increased, and the lower end portion of the second straight portion 172 is perpendicular to the bottom portion 151. The predetermined gap provided on the upper surface (inner bottom surface) in the direction does not change. For this reason, it becomes possible to reliably return the char received by the char receiving portion 142 to the gasification furnace 101 through the pressure equalizing pipe 141, and the char can be properly recovered into the gasification furnace 101.

  Further, the annulus section 104 includes two water supply pipes 135 that connect the other end (exit header) of the heat transfer pipe of the heat exchanger 102 (for example, a economizer) and the steam drum 126 along the vertical direction. Has been. Each water pipe 135 is disposed in a space between the wall 101 c of the gasification furnace 101 and the pressure vessel 103 and in a space between the wall 101 d of the gasification furnace 101 and the pressure vessel 103.

  In the annulus section 104, a gas flow path in which a part of the cross section of the gas flow path is closed by the char receiving section 142 and the water supply pipe 135 is formed above the heat exchanger 102 in the vertical direction. This gas flow path is configured by a space between the walls 101 c and 101 d of the gasification furnace 101 and the pressure vessel 103 and a gap between the second vertical wall 153 of the char receiving portion 142 and the pressure vessel 103. The The flow channel area of the gas flow channel is set to an area that is equal to or higher than the char terminal velocity of the nitrogen gas rising in the gas flow channel of the annulus 104. The char terminal velocity of the nitrogen gas is set based on the density of the char particles, and the mass (weight) per unit volume as the char density is measured by an experiment or the like. Even when the char that has flowed into the annulus 104 is not received by the char receiver 142 at the vertical height position where the gas is disposed, the nitrogen gas rising in the gas flow path causes the annulus 104 to move vertically downward. The flow rate of nitrogen gas that does not fall.

  In the annulus section 104, the flow rate of nitrogen gas at which the char does not fall due to the nitrogen gas rising in the gas flow path, that is, the char terminal velocity of the nitrogen gas is the space not blocked by the char receiving section 142 and the water supply pipe 135, that is, , Determined by the flow channel area of the gas flow channel. When the flow channel area of the gas flow channel is reduced, the speed of the nitrogen gas rising through the gas flow channel is increased. For example, the horizontal size of the char receiving unit 142 is adjusted when the coal gasifier 12 is designed. To do. Further, the flow passage area of the gas flow passage can be adjusted by providing not only the char receiving portion 142 and the water supply pipe 135 but also a closing plate 162 that closes a part of the passage cross section of the gas flow passage of the annulus portion 104. Good.

  Here, the operation of the coal gasifier 12 of the first embodiment described above will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the coal gasifier 12, the burner 117 of the gasifier 101 is charged with nitrogen and pulverized coal, and the burner 118 is charged with char and compressed air (oxygen) and ignited. Is done. Then, in the combustor unit 113, high-temperature combustion gas is generated by the combustion of pulverized coal and char. The high-temperature combustion gas generated in the combustor unit 113 rises to the reductor unit 111 through the diffuser unit 112. In the reductor unit 111, pulverized coal is mixed with high-temperature combustion gas, and gasification reaction is performed in a high-temperature reducing atmosphere to generate combustible gas (coal gas).

  At this time, water is supplied from the water supply pipe 133 to the hanger pipe 132, and the water supply ascends the hanger pipe 132 and is supplied to the heat exchanger 102 (for example, a economizer) through the water supply pipe 134. The feed water heated by the heat exchanger 102 (for example, a economizer) is sent to the steam drum 126 through the water pipe 135. The steam drum 126 feeds water through a downcomer 127 by a circulation pump 129, partly to the lower part of the plurality of heat transfer tubes constituting the furnace wall 125, and the other part through the branch pipe 130 to the heat exchanger 102 (for example, evaporation) ). When the feed water rises up the plurality of heat transfer tubes, the gasification furnace 101 is cooled and sent to the steam drum 126 through the riser tube 128. In addition, the heat exchanger 102 (for example, an evaporator) heats the feed water with the generated gas rising in the heat exchanger 102 and sends it to the steam drum 126 through the delivery pipe 131 in the state of brackish water mixing. Further, the steam drum 126 is subjected to brackish water separation, and sends steam to the heat exchanger 102 (for example, a superheater) through the steam pipe 136 and superheats here. The heat exchanger 102 (for example, a superheater) superheats steam with the generated gas rising in the heat exchanger 102 and supplies the generated superheated steam to a steam utilization facility such as a steam turbine through a steam discharge pipe 138.

  The pressurizing gas supply device 119 supplies nitrogen gas to the annulus portion 104 between the gasification furnace 101 and the pressure vessel 103 by the gas nozzle 120, and the nitrogen gas rises in the annulus portion 104. Since the gasifier 101 and the annulus section 104 are provided with a pressure equalizing pipe 141 that communicates the gasifier 101 and the annulus section 104, the pressure in the gasifier 101 fluctuates due to a load fluctuation of the coal gasifier 12 or the like. In addition, the pressure equalizing pipe 141 suppresses an increase in the differential pressure between the gasification furnace 101 and the annulus portion 104.

  That is, during operation, the coal gasifier 12 supplies the predetermined nitrogen gas to the annulus unit 104 by the pressurization gas supply device 119, so that the pressure of the annulus unit 104 is higher than the pressure in the gasification furnace 101. Highly maintained. Here, due to pressure fluctuations in the gasification furnace 101, the pressure of the product gas rising in the gasification furnace 101 may be higher than the pressure of the annulus section 104. Then, if the pressure in the annulus portion 104 remains unchanged and lower than the pressure in the gasification furnace 101, a part of the generated gas in the gasification furnace 101 flows out to the annulus portion 104 through the pressure equalizing pipe 141. The char contained in the generated gas may also flow out to the annulus 104.

  At this time, since each char pressure equalizing pipe 141 has a char receiving portion 142 arranged at the lower part in the vertical direction, the char that flows out to the annulus portion 104 through the pressure equalizing pipe 141 together with the generated gas is received by the char receiving portion 142. Therefore, it accumulates here and is prevented from falling below the annulus 104. The char accumulated in the char receiving portion 142 is floated by the generated gas flowing into the annulus portion 104 through the pressure equalizing tube 141, and the annulus portion 104 is supplied with nitrogen gas from the gas nozzle 120, and the nitrogen gas is supplied to the char receiving portion 142. In the vicinity of, the flow area of the gas flow path becomes narrower, and the gas flow path is accelerated to rise upward in the vertical direction. Since the nitrogen gas flow velocity at this time is equal to or higher than the char end velocity, even if the char flowing into the annulus portion 104 is not received by the char receiving portion 142, it does not fall vertically downward of the annulus portion 104, The char rises upward in the vertical direction along with the flow of nitrogen gas, fluidizes in the vertical direction above the char receiving portion 142, and is finally received by the char receiving portion 142.

  Then, when the coal gasifier 12 returns to the rated operation, the pressure in the gasification furnace 101 decreases, and when the pressure in the annulus section 104 is equal to the pressure in the gasification furnace 101, the char that accumulates in the char receiving section 142. The char that fluidizes in the vertical direction above the char receiving portion 142 is sucked by the pressure equalizing pipe 141 and returned to the gasification furnace 101 from the annulus section 104 through the pressure equalizing pipe 141. For this reason, the char receiving part 142 does not become full.

  As described above, in the gasification apparatus according to the first embodiment, the gasification furnace 101, the pressure vessel 103, and the annulus portion 104 filled with nitrogen gas between the gasification furnace 101 and the pressure vessel 103, A pressurizing gas supply device 119 for supplying nitrogen gas to the annulus section 104, a pressure equalizing pipe 141 communicating the inside of the gasification furnace 101 with the annulus section 104, an annulus section supported by the gasification furnace 101 and passing through the pressure equalizing pipe 141 A char receiving portion 142 is provided to receive the char flowing into 104.

  Therefore, the gasification furnace 101 is stored in the pressure vessel 103, and the annulus part 104 is defined between the two, and the gas inside the gasification furnace 101 and the annulus part 104 are communicated with each other by the pressure equalizing pipe 141, so that the gas The pressure difference between the gasification furnace 101 and the annulus part 104 can be reduced, and the pressurization gas supply device 119 supplies nitrogen gas to the annulus part 104, so that the generated gas from the gasification furnace 101 to the annulus part 104 can be reduced. Inflow can be suppressed, and by providing the char receiving portion 142, when char flows into the annulus portion 104 due to pressure fluctuations in the gasification furnace 101, char can be received.

  The pressure equalizing tube 141 and the char receiving portion 142 are fixed to the furnace wall of the same gasification furnace 101 and supported by suspension, so that even if a difference in thermal expansion occurs between the gasification furnace 101 and the pressure vessel 103, The pressure tube 141 and the char receiving portion 142 are moved in the same direction together with the gasification furnace 101. Therefore, the pressure equalizing pipe 141 and the char receiving section 142 do not interfere with each other, and the distance between the pressure equalizing pipe 141 and the char receiving section 142 is not increased. As a result, interference between the pressure equalizing pipe 141 and the char receiving section 142 can be suppressed, and char flowing from the gasification furnace 101 through the pressure equalizing pipe 141 to the annulus section 104 can be properly recovered.

  In the gasification apparatus of the first embodiment, the gasification furnace 101 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape at the vertical height positions of the pressure equalizing pipe 141 and the char receiving portion 142, and the pressure vessel 103 has a circular cross-sectional shape. It has a cylindrical shape, and one side portion of the two char receiving portions 142 is fixed to the outer surfaces of two opposing wall portions 101a and 101b in the gasification furnace 101, respectively. Therefore, the char receiving part 142 is arranged in line symmetry with respect to the center of the annulus part 104 in the vertical direction, and the gas flow path of nitrogen gas rising up the annulus part 104 is also line symmetric with respect to the center of the annulus part 104. Therefore, the occurrence of pressure imbalance with respect to the gasification furnace 101 can be suppressed.

  In the gasification device of the first embodiment, the other side portion of the char receiving portion 142 is curved along the inner surface of the pressure vessel 103, and a constant gap is provided between the inner surface of the pressure vessel 103. Therefore, the char receiving portion 142 is separated from the pressure vessel 103 through a gap, and interference between the pressure equalizing pipe 141 and the char receiving portion 142 due to a difference in thermal expansion between the gasification furnace 101 and the pressure vessel 103 can be suppressed. . Further, since the nitrogen gas narrows the flow passage area of the gas flow passage in the vicinity of the char receiving portion 142 and the gas flow passage speeds up and moves up the annulus portion 104, the nitrogen gas becomes higher than the char terminal velocity. Even when the char that has flowed into the portion 104 is not received by the char receiving portion 142, the char rises upward in the vertical direction together with the nitrogen gas flow, and the char falls from the gap between the char receiving portion 142 and the pressure vessel 103. Can be suppressed. Therefore, it can be easily floated by the generated gas and prevented from falling.

  In the gasification device of the first embodiment, a plurality of pressure equalizing tubes 141 are provided in a bent shape, are arranged to face the plurality of char receiving portions 142, and one end portion is disposed in the horizontal direction along the wall portion 101a of the gasification furnace 101, 101b is penetrated and the other end part is inserted in the char receiving part 142 along a perpendicular direction. Accordingly, when the other end portion of the pressure equalizing pipe 141 is inserted into the char receiving portion 142, when the generated gas flows from the gasification furnace 101 through the pressure equalizing tube 141 into the annulus portion 104, the char contained in the generated gas is charged. It can be reliably received by the receiving portion 142. In this case, the number of pressure equalizing pipes 141 and the number of char receiving portions 142 are not limited, and may be the same number or different numbers.

  In the gasification device of the first embodiment, the annulus part 104 is formed so that a part of the flow passage area of the gas flow path is blocked by the char receiving part 142 and the water supply pipe 135, etc., so that the gas flow path is narrowed. The area is set to be equal to or higher than the char terminal velocity of nitrogen gas rising in the gas flow path. Therefore, by simply changing the shape of the existing component member, the nitrogen gas rising up the annulus portion 104 can be set to be equal to or higher than the char terminal velocity, and the char falling into the annulus portion 104 can be suppressed. Can be prevented from becoming complicated.

  In the gasifier of the first embodiment, the flow channel area of the gas flow channel can be adjusted by the closing plate 162 that closes the annulus portion 104. Therefore, the flow passage area of the gas flow passage is adjusted without changing the shape of the char receiving portion 142 and the like, so that the nitrogen gas rising up the annulus portion 104 becomes equal to or higher than the char terminal velocity. The fall of the char that has flowed into 104 can be suppressed, and the performance can be improved with a simple configuration.

  In the gasification device of the first embodiment, the vertical shape of the vertical wall 152 along the gasification furnace 101 and the pressure vessel 103 around the bottom 151 is formed in a box shape having an opening 156 above the char receiving portion 142 in the vertical direction. 153 and the side wall portions 154 and 155, and the vertical direction of the char receiving portion 142 toward the opening portion 156 between the bottom portion 151 and the vertical wall portions 152 and 153 and the side wall portions 154 and 155. Inclined portions 157, 158, 159, and 160 that are inclined outward with respect to the extending central axis are provided. Therefore, the char flowing into the annulus portion 104 from the gasification furnace 101 through the pressure equalizing tube 141 can be reliably received by the char receiving portion 142, and the received char is brought closer to the central axis side, so that the gasification through the pressure equalizing tube 141 is performed. It can be easily returned to the furnace 101.

  Moreover, in the method for manufacturing the gasifier of the first embodiment, the char receiving portion 142 is fixed to the outer surface of the furnace wall of the gasifier 101. Therefore, even if a difference in thermal expansion occurs between the gasification furnace 101 and the pressure vessel 103, the pressure equalizing tube 141 and the char receiving portion 142 move together with the gasification furnace 101 in the same direction. Therefore, the pressure equalizing pipe 141 and the char receiving section 142 do not interfere with each other, and the distance between the pressure equalizing pipe 141 and the char receiving section 142 is not increased. As a result, interference between the pressure equalizing pipe 141 and the char receiving section 142 can be suppressed, and char flowing from the gasification furnace 101 through the pressure equalizing pipe 141 to the annulus section 104 can be properly recovered.

  Moreover, in the coal gasification combined cycle power generation facility of the first embodiment, the coal gasifier 12 that gasifies coal to generate a combustible gas, and impurities from the combustible gas generated by the coal gasifier 12 Gas purifier 14 for purifying gas by removing gas, gas turbine equipment for rotating a turbine by burning a mixed gas of combustible gas and compressed air gas purified by gas purifier 14, and gas turbine equipment The exhaust heat recovery boiler 16 that generates steam from the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas and the steam turbine equipment that rotationally drives the turbine by the steam generated by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 16 are provided. Therefore, in the coal gasifier 12, interference between the pressure equalizing pipe 141 and the char receiving portion 142 can be suppressed, and char that flows from the gasification furnace 101 through the pressure equalizing pipe 141 to the annulus portion 104 can be properly recovered. Can do. As a result, it is possible to reduce the treatment cost in the boiler and lengthen the operation period of the operation by preventing the char from falling at the annulus 104 and suppressing the deterioration of the drainage property of the stored water.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a pressure equalizing device in the gasifier of the second embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the pressure equalizing device. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the same function as embodiment mentioned above, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the coal gasifier 12 (see FIG. 1) is provided with a pressure equalizing pipe 141 that communicates the upper part in the gasification furnace 101 and the upper part of the annulus portion 104. In addition, a char receiving portion 181 for receiving the char flowing from the gasification furnace 101 through the pressure equalizing pipe 141 into the annulus portion 104 is provided.

  The char receiving portion 181 has a box shape with an opening in the vertical direction, and is supported by being suspended by being fixed to the outer surface of the furnace wall in the gasification furnace 101. The char receiving portion 181 has a box shape having an opening 156 on the upper side, and a plate 182 through which an inert gas (nitrogen gas) for allowing the char to flow at a predetermined interval upward from the bottom portion 151 circulates. Has been placed. Further, the char receiving portion 181 has a perforated plate 183 disposed between the bottom portion 151 and the eye plate 182. The eye plate 182 and the perforated plate 183 are provided at the height positions of the inclined portions 157, 158, 159, and 160.

  The eye plate 182 is formed of, for example, a porous member such as sintered metal, and fluidized nitrogen can flow in the plate thickness direction, but it is desirable that char particles cannot flow in the plate thickness direction. In addition, although this eye plate 182 is a horizontal flat plate shape, it is good also as a curved shape where the center part was dented vertically downward. This is preferable because the char collected with respect to the central axis extending in the vertical vertical direction of the char receiving portion 142 is easily moved and the char is easily returned to the gasification furnace 101 through the pressure equalizing pipe 141.

  The perforated plate 183 is formed with a through hole 183a uniformly in a horizontal flat plate, and may be formed of, for example, punching metal, and fluidized nitrogen can flow in the thickness direction. The char receiving portion 181 has a first space portion R1 formed between the bottom portion 151 and the perforated plate 183, a second space portion R2 provided between the perforated plate 183 and the eye plate 182, and the first space portion R1. A gas supply line 184 for supplying fluidized nitrogen is connected. For this reason, the supplied fluidized nitrogen diffuses into the first space R1, then moves to the second space R2, further diffuses in the second space R2, and flows substantially uniformly in the thickness direction from the eye plate 182. Can be ejected.

  On the other hand, the pressure equalizing pipe 141 has, for example, a bent L shape, and a plurality (two in this embodiment) are provided in the annulus portion 104. Each pressure equalizing pipe 141 has one end portion of the first straight portion 171 passing through the wall portions 101a and 101b of the gasification furnace 101, the other end portion of the second straight portion 172 being inserted into the char receiving portion 181, and the second The lower end portion of the straight line portion 172 faces the upper surface of the eye plate 182 with a predetermined gap.

  Therefore, if the pressure of the product gas rising in the gasification furnace 101 may be higher than the pressure of the annulus portion 104 due to pressure fluctuations in the gasification furnace 101 or the like, the product gas in the gasification furnace 101 is Part of the gas flows out to the annulus part 104 through the pressure equalizing pipe 141, and the char contained in the generated gas also flows out to the annulus part 104. At this time, since each char pressure equalizing pipe 141 has the char receiving portion 181 disposed in the lower part in the vertical direction, the char that flows into the annulus portion 104 through the pressure equalizing pipe 141 together with the generated gas is received by the char receiving portion 181. Thus, it is deposited and collected here, and it is prevented that the annulus 104 falls downward in the vertical direction.

  Then, the fluidized nitrogen gas is supplied from the gas supply line 184 to the first space portion R1, rectified by the perforated plate 183, and then flows into the second space portion R2, and flows through the eye plate 182 to be ejected. It flows upward in the vertical direction of 181. For this reason, the char deposited on the char receiving portion 181 is wound up by the fluidized nitrogen gas rising inside and becomes fluidized above the char receiving portion 181.

  On the other hand, when the pressure fluctuation in the gasification furnace 101 is reduced, the pressure in the gasification furnace 101 decreases, the pressure in the annulus part 104 becomes higher than the pressure in the gasification furnace 101, and the nitrogen gas in the annulus part 104 is reduced. It flows into the gasification furnace 101 through the pressure tube 127. Then, the char fluidized above the vertical direction of the char receiving portion 181 is sucked by the pressure equalizing pipe 141 and returned to the gasification furnace 101 from the annulus portion 104 through the pressure equalizing pipe 141. For this reason, the char receiving part 181 does not become full. Further, the annulus 104 is supplied with nitrogen gas from the gas nozzle 120, and the nitrogen gas narrows the area of the gas flow path in the vicinity of the char receiving part 181 to increase the speed of the gas flow path so that the annulus 104 is Since the nitrogen gas rises and exceeds the char terminal velocity, even when the char flowing into the annulus 104 is not received by the char receiver 181, the char rises upward along with the nitrogen gas flow. For this reason, the char that has been fluidized above the char receiving portion 181 in the vertical direction does not fall downward.

  As described above, in the gasification apparatus of the second embodiment, the pressure equalizing pipe 141 that communicates the inside of the gasification furnace 101 and the annulus part 104, and the annulus part 104 that is supported by the gasification furnace 101 and passes through the pressure equalizing pipe 141. And a char receiving portion 181 for receiving the char flowing into the gas receiving portion. The char receiving portion 181 is provided with an eye plate 182 through which fluidized nitrogen gas flows at a predetermined interval from the bottom portion 151, and between the bottom portion 151 and the eye plate 182. A gas supply line 184 is connected to the first space portion R1.

  Accordingly, when the fluidized nitrogen gas is supplied from the gas supply line 184 to the first space R1, the fluidized nitrogen gas flows through the eye plate 182 and flows upward in the vertical direction of the char receiving unit 181. The char accumulated in the char receiving part 181 floats with nitrogen gas, is sucked by the pressure equalizing pipe 141, is returned to the gasification furnace 101 from the annulus part 104 through the pressure equalizing pipe 141, and the char to the char receiving part 181 is A large amount of storage can be suppressed. Further, the nitrogen gas rising up the annulus portion 104 can be set to be equal to or higher than the char end velocity, so that the char flowing into the annulus portion 104 can be prevented from falling.

  In the gasifier of the second embodiment, a porous plate 183 is provided between the bottom 151 of the char receiving portion 181 and the eye plate 182, and a gas supply line is provided in the first space R 1 between the bottom 151 and the porous plate 183. 184 is connected. Accordingly, when the flowing nitrogen gas is supplied from the gas supply line 184 to the first space portion R1, the nitrogen gas is rectified when passing through the perforated plate 183, and acts on the pan 182 so as to flow through the pan 182. Nitrogen gas is uniformly supplied in the horizontal direction of the char receiving portion 181. Therefore, the fluidized nitrogen gas is uniformly ejected and supplied to the char accumulated in the char receiving portion 181, and the char accumulated in the char receiving portion 181 can be appropriately floated.

  In the above-described embodiment, the char receiving portion has a box shape with an opening in the vertical direction. However, the shape is not limited to this shape, and may be, for example, a bowl shape or a dish shape.

  In the above-described embodiment, the char receiving portion is directly fixed to the outer surface of the furnace wall of the gasification furnace, but may be indirectly fixed via a bracket or the like. Further, a receiving seat may be fixed to the outer surface of the furnace wall of the gasification furnace, and the lower portion of the char receiving portion may be supported by the receiving seat. Furthermore, although the two char receiving portions are disposed with respect to the two wall portions of the gasification furnace, four may be disposed with respect to all the wall portions. That is, the number of pressure equalizing tubes and the number of char receiving portions are not limited, and may be the same number or different numbers.

  In the above-described embodiment, coal is used as a fuel. However, it can be applied to high-grade coal or low-grade coal, and is not limited to coal, but can be used as a renewable biological organic resource. For example, it is also possible to use thinned wood, waste wood, driftwood, grass, waste, sludge, tires, and recycled fuel (pellets and chips) made from these raw materials. .

  Although the present embodiment has been described for the tower type gasification furnace, even in the crossover type gasification furnace, by replacing the vertical vertical direction of each device to match the gas flow direction of the product gas, Implementation is possible as well.

10 Coal gasification combined power generation facility (gasification combined power generation facility)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Pulverized coal supply equipment 12 Coal gasifier 13 Char recovery device 14 Gas refiner 15 Combined power generation facility 16 Waste heat recovery boiler 101 Gasification furnace 102 Heat exchanger 103 Pressure vessel 104 Annulus part (Pressure holding part)
117, 118, 117 Burner 119 Gas supply device for pressurization 120 Gas nozzle 121 Energy-saving device (heat exchanger)
122,123 Superheater (Heat exchanger)
124 Evaporator (heat exchanger)
135 Water supply pipe 141 Pressure equalizing pipe 142,181 Char receiving part 162 Closure plate 182 Eye plate 183 Porous plate 184 Gas supply line

Claims (11)

A gasification furnace for gasifying carbon-containing solid fuel;
A pressure vessel housing the gasifier;
A pressure holding unit filled with a gas for pressurization between the gasification furnace and the pressure vessel;
A pressurizing gas supply device for supplying pressurizing gas to the pressure holding unit;
A pressure equalizing pipe communicating the inside of the gasification furnace and the pressure holding unit;
A char receiving portion for receiving the char flowing into the pressure holding portion through the pressure equalizing pipe;
With
The pressure equalizing pipe and the char receiving portion are supported by the gasification furnace ,
The char receiving portion has an opening above the vertical direction, and a mouth plate through which a flow gas flows is disposed at a predetermined interval from the bottom portion, and the space portion between the bottom portion and the eye plate has the opening. A gas supply line for supplying fluid gas is connected,
A gasifier characterized by that. The gasification furnace has a cylindrical shape with a polygonal cross-section at a vertical height position where the char receiving portion is disposed,
Side portions of the char receiving portion are fixed to the opposing wall portions constituting the polygonal cross section of the gasification furnace so as to be line-symmetric with respect to the vertical center of the pressure holding portion. The gasifier according to claim 1.   3. The gasification according to claim 2, wherein the char receiving portion has a shape in which the other side portion extends along the inner surface of the pressure vessel, and a constant gap is provided between the char receiving portion and the inner surface of the pressure vessel. apparatus.   A plurality of pressure equalizing tubes are provided in a bent shape, arranged corresponding to the char receiving portion, one end penetrates the wall of the gasifier along the horizontal direction, and the other end is vertical. The gasifier according to claim 2, wherein the gasifier is inserted into the char receiving portion along the line. The pressure holding part has a gas flow path through which the pressurizing gas passes through the pressure holding part at a vertical height position where the char receiving part is disposed, and a flow area of the gas flow path is: The gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a flow rate of the pressurizing gas is set to an area that is equal to or higher than a char terminal velocity.   6. The gasifier according to claim 5, wherein a flow passage area of the gas flow passage can be adjusted by a closing plate that partially closes the pressure holding portion. The gasifier according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a heat exchanger is disposed in the gasification furnace, and a water supply pipe of the heat exchanger is disposed in the gas flow path. The char receiving portion has a box shape having an opening above the vertical direction, and a wall portion is provided around the bottom portion along the gasification furnace and the pressure vessel, and between the bottom portion and the wall portion. any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the inclined portion is provided which is inclined outwardly relative to the center axis extending in the vertical down direction of the char receiving toward the opening between The gasifier according to one item. The gasifier according to claim 8, wherein the pressure equalizing pipe has a lower end portion located vertically above an upper end of the inclined portion. The perforated plate is provided between the bottom part and the eye plate, and the gas supply line is connected to a space part between the bottom part and the perforated plate . The gasifier according to one item . The gasification device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a carbon-containing solid fuel is supplied to generate a combustible gas;
A gas purifier for purifying gas by removing impurities from the combustible gas generated by the gasifier;
A gas turbine facility that rotates a turbine by burning a mixed gas of at least a part of the combustible gas purified by the gas purification device and compressed air; and
An exhaust heat recovery boiler that generates steam from exhaust gas from the gas turbine equipment;
Steam turbine equipment for rotationally driving a turbine with steam generated by the exhaust heat recovery boiler;
A combined gasification power generation facility comprising:

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