JP6635544B2 - Rotary tool - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotary tool.

  Various tools are used in industrial product production sites. For example, when cutting is performed in a narrow portion of a mechanical part, an angle head type rotary tool having a cutting tool attached to the tip is used (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP 2011-206852 A

  2. Description of the Related Art Various power transmission mechanisms are provided for a cutting tool such as a bit and a rotary tool for rotating a tightening tool such as a socket for turning a bolt. As a power transmission mechanism for transmitting a rotational force, for example, a combination of a plurality of gears is used. In the case of a power transmission mechanism in which a plurality of gears are combined, backlash (also referred to as “backlash”) increases as the gears wear. Further, it is difficult to manufacture a new gear with zero backlash. A rotating tool having an increased backlash does not transmit torque smoothly. For example, when cutting is performed using a rotating tool with increased backlash, the rotation of the blade becomes unstable, which may affect the finish of the cut surface. Therefore, the rotating tool used for cutting was actually replaced with a new one every time backlash increased.

  Thus, the present application discloses a rotary tool capable of adjusting the backlash.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides an intermediate gear that transmits power transmitted from an input gear to an output gear, at a position deviated from a virtual straight line connecting respective rotation centers of two other gears meshing with the intermediate gear. The rotation center of the intermediate gear is designed so that the center of rotation is located at the center, and the rotation axis of the intermediate gear can be adjusted.

  In detail, the rotating tool is an input gear that is rotated by receiving power transmitted from a power source, an output gear that is connected to a tip tool that is rotated by the power of the power source, and transmitted from the input gear. One or more intermediate gears for transmitting power to an output gear, wherein one or more of the two gears meshing with the intermediate gear are designed such that the rotation center is located at a position deviated from a virtual straight line connecting the rotation centers of the two gears. And a position adjusting mechanism for moving the rotation axis of at least one of the one or more intermediate gears to a virtual straight line connecting the respective rotation centers of the other two gears meshing with the predetermined intermediate gear. And. With this rotary tool, the backlash can be adjusted because the position of the intermediate gear can be adjusted by the position adjustment mechanism even when the wear of the gear progresses or the backlash of the new gear is inappropriate.

  Note that the rotary tool includes an odd number of intermediate gears, and the predetermined intermediate gear may be an odd-numbered intermediate gear among one or a plurality of intermediate gears. If the rotary tool is configured as described above, the backlash of all gears from the input gear to the output gear can be adjusted.

  The position adjusting mechanism is formed along an imaginary straight line equidistant from the rotation center of the other two gears meshing with the predetermined intermediate gear, and includes a groove into which the end of the rotation shaft of the predetermined intermediate gear fits, And a position adjusting screw that protrudes toward the inside of the groove along the longitudinal direction of the groove at both ends and supports a rotation shaft of a predetermined intermediate gear that fits into the groove. If the rotary tool is configured as described above, the user can adjust the backlash by adjusting the position of the predetermined intermediate gear.

  Further, the intermediate gears may be staggered from the input gear side to the output gear side. The staggered arrangement is a state in which the center of the intermediate gear is arranged on the side of a virtual straight line from the center of the input gear to the center of the output gear.For example, when there are a plurality of intermediate gears, the center of each intermediate gear Indicate that the intermediate gears are arranged alternately on both sides of the virtual straight line. If the intermediate gears are arranged in this way, the rotation center is located at a position deviating from a virtual straight line connecting the rotation centers of the other two gears meshing with the intermediate gear.

  With the above rotary tool, it is possible to adjust the backlash.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an angle head according to the embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the internal structure of the angle head. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a positional relationship among an input gear, an intermediate gear, and an output gear. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the longitudinal direction of the groove. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a position adjusting mechanism. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a state transition of the angle head. FIG. 7 is a first diagram showing a modification of the angle head. FIG. 8 is a second view showing a modification of the angle head.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. The embodiments described below exemplify one aspect of the present invention, and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention to the following aspects.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an angle head (an example of a “rotary tool” in the present application) of the embodiment. The angle head 1 is a tool to which a cutting tool 2 having a blade capable of cutting a metal work can be mounted. The angle head 1 rotates the cutting tool 2 by the power of a machining center to which the angle head 1 is mounted. The angle head 1 includes a rotary shaft 3 connected to a main shaft of a machining center (an example of a “power source” in the present application), and a power transmission mechanism such as a gear that transmits power from the rotary shaft 3 to the cutting tool 2. And a housing 4. The angle head 1 adopts a form in which the cutting tool 2 is disposed at the tip of a tapered rod-shaped housing 4 so that the cutting tool 2 can be inserted into a narrow portion of the work. The angle head 1 can be used, for example, for cutting a cylinder provided on a caliper of an automobile disc brake. The housing 4 has at least strength enough not to be deformed by a load applied to the cutting tool 2 at the tip.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an internal structure of the angle head 1. The angle head 1 includes an input gear 5A, a first intermediate gear 5B (an example of a "predetermined intermediate gear" in the present application), and a second intermediate gear 5C arranged in order from the rotating shaft 3 toward the cutting tool 2. , A third intermediate gear 5D (an example of the “predetermined intermediate gear” in the present application), and an output gear 5E are provided in the housing 4. The interior of the housing 4 is connected to a lubricant circulating mechanism (not shown), and may be filled with a flowing lubricant, or may be filled with a lubricant circulating in a closed space of the housing 4. May be.

  The input gear 5A is integrally formed with a bevel gear 6 provided on a rotary shaft 8A of the input gear 5A, and rotates together with the bevel gear 6 driven to rotate by a rotary shaft 3 connected to a main shaft of a machining center. The output gear 5E is a gear located at the most distal end side of the angle head 1, and is connected to the cutting tool 2 via a connecting portion 7 provided on the rotating shaft 8E. The rotation shaft 8A of the input gear 5A and the rotation shaft 8E of the output gear 5E are fitted through a bearing having a round hole formed inside the housing 4 via a bearing. The connecting portion 7 may be a screw hole into which the cutting tool 2 is screwed, or may have a collet chuck or other various tool connecting structures.

  The three intermediate gears 5B, 5C, and 5D (which are examples of the "odd number" in the present application) are gears that transmit power transmitted from the input gear 5A to the output gear 5E. The intermediate gears 5B, 5C, and 5D are staggered from the input gear 5A side to the output gear 5E side, as can be seen by watching FIG. The intermediate gear 5B is provided with a through-hole so that a cylindrical central shaft 8B passes through the center, and is rotatable about the central shaft 8B by a bearing 9B fitted in the through-hole. Similarly to the intermediate gear 5B, the intermediate gears 5C and 5D are rotatable around the central shafts 8C and 8D supporting the intermediate gears 5C and 5D by the bearings 9C and 9D.

  The end of the central shaft 8C that supports the intermediate gear 5C fits into a round hole 10C formed inside the housing 4. On the other hand, the end of the center shaft 8B that supports the intermediate gear 5B fits into a groove 10B formed inside the housing 4. The end of the central shaft 8B is chamfered along a flat inner wall surface extending along the longitudinal direction of the groove 10B, and forms a sliding surface 11B slidable along the inner wall surface. Similarly to the central shaft 8B, the end of the central shaft 8D that supports the intermediate gear 5D also fits in a groove 10D formed inside the housing 4 and forms a sliding surface 11D.

  The housing 4 is provided with screw holes 13B, 13D, 13B ', 13D' into which the position adjustment screws 12B, 12D, 12B ', 12D' are screwed. The position adjusting screw 12B protrudes along the longitudinal direction of the groove 10B toward the inside of the groove 10B at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the groove 10B, and supports the central shaft 8B fitted into the groove 10B. The position adjusting screws 12D, 12B ', and 12D' are the same as the position adjusting screw 12B. The position adjustment screws 12B, 12D, 12B ', and 12D' are screws that do not have a screw head and can be turned with a hexagon wrench that is fitted into a hexagon hole provided at the end of the screw. A screw called an enamel set or a set screw can be applied. The position adjusting screws 12B, 12D, 12B ', 12D' form position adjusting mechanisms 14B, 14D together with the grooves 10B, 10D.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a positional relationship among the input gear 5A, the intermediate gears 5B, 5C, 5D, and the output gear 5E. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the intermediate gears 5B, 5C, 5D are staggered from the input gear 5A to the output gear 5E. Then, as can be seen from the thick broken line (an example of the “virtual straight line” referred to in the present application) shown in FIG. 3, the intermediate gear 5B has the rotation centers of the input gear 5A and the intermediate gear 5C that mesh with the intermediate gear 5B. Is designed so that the rotation center is located at a position deviated from the virtual straight line connecting the. Similarly to the intermediate gear 5B, the intermediate gear 5D has a thick solid line (an example of a “virtual straight line” in the present application) shown in FIG. The rotation center is designed to be located at a position deviated from a virtual straight line connecting the rotation centers.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the longitudinal direction of the grooves 10B and 10D. The groove 10B is a groove extending along a thick broken line in FIG. 4 indicating a position where the distance from the center point of the input gear 5A is equal to the distance from the center point of the intermediate gear 5C. The groove 10D is a groove extending along a thick solid line in FIG. 4 indicating a position where the distance from the center point of the intermediate gear 5C is equal to the distance from the center point of the output gear 5E. Therefore, when the user turns each position adjusting screw 12B, 12B 'of the position adjusting mechanism 14B, the center axis 8B of the intermediate gear 5B is connected to the rotation center of the input gear 5A meshing with the intermediate gear 5B and each rotation center of the intermediate gear 5C. It can be moved to the straight side. Further, when the user turns each position adjusting screw 12D of the position adjusting mechanism 14D, the center shaft 8D of the intermediate gear 5D is shifted to the virtual straight line connecting the intermediate gear 5C meshing with the intermediate gear 5D and each rotation center of the output gear 5E. (See thick arrow in FIG. 4).

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the position adjustment mechanisms 14B and 14D. The position adjusting screws 12B and 12B 'protrude toward the inside of the groove 10B along the longitudinal direction of the groove 10B at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the groove 10B, and support the central shaft 8B fitted into the groove 10B. Therefore, if the user turns one of the pair of position adjustment screws 12B and 12B ′ facing each other with the central axis 8B therebetween, and turns the other to the right, the position adjustment screw (12B or The central axis 8B can be shifted toward 12B '). In addition, when the user rotates the at least one of the position adjustment screws (12B or 12B ') further clockwise while tightening the center axis 8B between the pair of position adjustment screws 12B and 12B', the user can tighten the center axis 8B. 8B can be in a fixed state. The position adjusting mechanism 14D is the same as the position adjusting mechanism 14B.

  The angle head 1 configured as described above can be used as follows. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a state transition of the angle head 1. At the start of use of the angle head 1 or immediately after the position adjustment of the center shafts 8B and 8D by the position adjustment mechanisms 14B and 14D, the backlash of each of the gears 5A to 5E is in an appropriate state (see FIG. )). However, when the gears 5A to 5E wear due to the use of the angle head 1, the backlash of the gears 5A to 5E increases (see FIG. 6B).

  When the backlash of each of the gears 5A to 5E increases, the rotational force of the main shaft of the machining center is not smoothly transmitted to the cutting tool 2. Therefore, the rotation of the blade of the cutting tool 2 becomes unstable, which may affect the finish of the cut surface. Therefore, when the user starts using the angle head 1 or adjusts the positions of the central axes 8B and 8D by the position adjusting mechanisms 14B and 14D, a proper use time elapses, and the position of the central axes 8B and 8D is changed. Is adjusted (see FIG. 6C). That is, the user turns the position adjusting screws 12B and 12B 'of the position adjusting mechanism 14B to move the center axis 8B of the intermediate gear 5B to the virtual straight line connecting the rotation center of the input gear 5A and the intermediate gear 5C meshing with the intermediate gear 5B. To the side. Similarly, the position of the center shaft 8D of the intermediate gear 5D is adjusted by turning each position adjusting screw 12D of the position adjusting mechanism 14D. If the positions of the center shafts 8B and 8D are properly adjusted, the backlash of each of the gears 5A to 5E becomes appropriate (see FIG. 6D).

  With the angle head 1 configured as described above, even if the wear of the gears 5A to 5E progresses or the backlash of the new gears 5A to 5E is inappropriate, the position adjusting screws 12B, 12D, and 12B are used. By turning ', 12D', the position of the intermediate gears 5B, 5D can be adjusted, so that the backlash can be adjusted. Therefore, with the angle head 1 described above, it is not necessary to replace the angle head 1 with a new one every time the backlash increases, unlike a conventional product in which the backlash cannot be returned.

  FIG. 7 is a first diagram showing a modified example of the angle head 1. In the angle head 1, the gears 5A to 5E are designed to have the same diameter so that the gears 5A to 5E wear substantially uniformly. However, the angle head 1 is not limited to the gears 5A to 5E having the same diameter. In the angle head 1 described above, for example, as shown in FIG. 7A, one or more of the gears 5A to 5E may have a different diameter from the other gears. . If a gear having an appropriate diameter can be used when designing the angle head 1, the angle head 1 having an arbitrary length can be easily manufactured.

  In the angle head 1 described above, the gears 5A to 5E are generally aligned in a staggered arrangement. However, in the angle head 1 described above, for example, the gears 5A to 5E may be arranged in an L-shape with the intermediate gear 5C as a boundary, or the gears 5A may be arranged in various other shapes. ~ 5E may be arranged.

  In the angle head 1, the three intermediate gears 5B, 5C, and 5D are arranged between the input gear 5A and the output gear 5E. However, in the angle head 1 described above, as shown in FIGS. 7B to 7D, two or less intermediate gears may be arranged between the input gear 5A and the output gear 5E. Two or more intermediate gears may be arranged. When an odd number of intermediate gears are arranged between the input gear 5A and the output gear 5E, a position adjusting mechanism such as the position adjusting mechanisms 14B and 14D is provided for each of the odd-numbered intermediate gears. The backlash of all the intermediate gears arranged between the gear 5A and the output gear 5E can be properly adjusted. However, the angle head 1 described above is used for all the intermediate gears arranged between the input gear 5A and the output gear 5E. The backlash is not limited to one that can be appropriately adjusted. In the angle head 1 described above, for example, one or more intermediate gears whose backlash cannot be adjusted may exist between the input gear 5A and the output gear 5E. That is, for example, when there are two intermediate gears 5B and 5C between the input gear 5A and the output gear 5E, both of the intermediate gears 5B and 5C can be adjusted by the position adjusting mechanism as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7D, only the intermediate gear 5C may be adjusted by the position adjusting mechanism.

  In the angle head 1 described above, for example, as shown in FIG. 7E, the adjustment direction by the position adjustment mechanism may be in the opposite direction. In the angle head 1 described above, since the gears 5A to 5E are equally worn, the groove 10B has the same distance from the center point of the input gear 5A as the distance from the center point of the intermediate gear 5C. It extended along an imaginary line indicating the position. The groove 10D is similar to the groove 10B. However, the grooves 10B and 10D may extend in a direction slightly inclined with respect to the virtual line according to the degree of progress of wear of the gears 5A to 5E.

  In the above-described embodiment, the angle head 1 on which the cutting tool 2 is mounted is described. However, the rotating tool disclosed in the present application is not limited to such a tool. The angle head 1 may rotate a fastening tool such as a socket for turning a bolt instead of the cutting tool 2.

  The angle head 1 adjusts the position of the intermediate gears 5B, 5D by turning the position adjustment screws 12B, 12D, 12B ', 12D'. Instead of the adjusting screws 12B, 12D, 12B ', 12D', a spring may press the intermediate gears 5B, 5D to automatically adjust the backlash, or an electric or hydraulic actuator may be used to adjust the intermediate gears 5B, 5D. May be automatically adjusted.

  Further, the position adjusting screws 12B, 12D, 12B ', and 12D' are screws without a head, but may be general screws with a head. In this case, the heads of the position adjustment screws 12B, 12D, 12B ', and 12D' protrude from the surface of the housing 4.

The angle head 1 is designed so that the rotation center axes of the gears 5A to 5E are all parallel, but any one or a plurality of rotation centers of the rotation center axes of the gears 5A to 5E are used. The central axis may be non-parallel to another rotation central axis. For example, if any one or more of the rotation center axes of the gears 5A to 5E are designed to be appropriately inclined, the projecting direction of the cutting tool 2 disposed at the tip of the angle head 1 will be The head 1 may be designed so as to be inclined not at right angles but slightly obliquely with respect to the tip direction.

  In the angle head 1 described above, the user adjusts the positions of the intermediate gears 5B and 5D at an appropriate timing. However, the timing for adjusting the backlash is determined, for example, by sensors for detecting wear of the gears 5A to 5E. It may be determined according to the determination result, or may be determined according to the finish of the cut surface of the work. Examples of a sensor that detects wear of the gears 5A to 5E include a vibration sensor that detects vibration of the angle head 1, an acoustic sensor that detects driving noise of the gears 5A to 5E, and a rotation angle that detects a rotation state of the cutting tool 2. Various sensors such as a sensor or an optical sensor and a load sensor for detecting a driving force of a main shaft of the machining center are exemplified.

  FIG. 8 is a second diagram showing a modified example of the angle head 1. Although the length of the angle head 1 cannot be changed, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, an extendable housing provided with a slide mechanism is employed, and the number of intermediate gears is changed according to the amount of expansion and contraction. May be a variable length type tool that can be increased or decreased.

1. Angle head: 2 Cutting tool: 3 Rotating shaft: 4 Housing: 5A Input gear: 5B First intermediate gear: 5C Second intermediate gear: 5D Third intermediate gear: 5E ··· Output gear: 6 ··· Bevel gear: 7 ··· Connection part: 8A, 8E ··· Rotating shaft: 8B, 8C, 8D ··· Central axis: 9B, 9C, 9D ··· Bearing : 10C ··· Hole: 10B, 10D ··· Groove: 11B, 11D · · · Sliding surface: 12B, 12D, 12B ', 12D' ··· Position adjusting screw: 13B, 13D, 13B ', 13D' ··· Screw hole : 14B, 14D ··· Position adjustment mechanism

Claims (3)

An input gear that is rotated by receiving power transmitted from a power source,
An output gear connected to a tool bit rotated by the power of the power source,
An intermediate gear for transmitting power transmitted from the input gear to the output gear, wherein a rotation center is disposed at a position deviated from a virtual straight line connecting respective rotation centers of the other two gears meshing with the intermediate gear. One or more intermediate gears designed to
A position adjusting mechanism for moving a rotation axis of at least one of the one or more intermediate gears to a virtual straight line connecting respective rotation centers of the other two gears meshing with the predetermined intermediate gear. ,
The position adjustment mechanism,
A groove formed along an imaginary straight line equidistant from the rotation center of the other two gears meshing with the predetermined intermediate gear, into which an end of a rotation shaft of the predetermined intermediate gear fits;
A position adjusting screw that protrudes toward the inside of the groove along the longitudinal direction of the groove within both ends of the groove and that supports a rotation shaft of the predetermined intermediate gear that fits into the groove.
Rotating tool. The rotary tool includes an odd number of the intermediate gears,
The predetermined intermediate gear is an odd-numbered intermediate gear among the one or more intermediate gears,
The rotating tool according to claim 1. The intermediate gears are staggered from the input gear side to the output gear side.
Rotation tool according to claim 1 or 2.

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