JP6652910B2 - Orbit test equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a track test device, in particular, a rail, a rail fastening device, a sleeper, and an elastic material interposed between them, and a track member attached thereto, which constitute a railroad track, and are affected by the track support rigidity. The present invention relates to a track test apparatus capable of performing performance evaluation under dynamic conditions in consideration of the above, and also capable of evaluating the performance of wheels and the like constituting a bogie of a railroad vehicle traveling on a track.

  Conventional track test apparatuses (hereinafter, referred to as conventional techniques) include conventional techniques A to F described below.

  The prior art A uses wheels rolling on rails of a track laid circumferentially to reproduce rolling contact between the wheels and rails within the device, and to clarify the cause of damage to the track and to improve reliability. This is a high-speed track tester for the development of rails with high performance (see Non-Patent Document 1). Prior art A is similar to the present invention and will be further described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the related art A, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the related art A.

  7 and 8, reference numeral 21 denotes a rail laid through a sleeper 23 along the inner surface of a pit 22 constructed in a circumferential shape, and reference numeral 24 denotes a rotating shaft perpendicular to the inside of the pit 22 by a motor 25. A rotor that rotates horizontally around 26, 27 is a wheel that rolls on rails 21 mounted horizontally on arms 28 attached to both ends of the rotor 24, and 29 is a rotor that moves the rotor 24 up and down together with the arm 28. A hydraulic cylinder 30 as a lateral pressure applying means for applying a steady lateral pressure to the wheel 27, a hydraulic cylinder 30 as a wheel load adding means for inclining the arm 28 to add a steady wheel weight to the wheel 27, and 31 , A watering nozzle for watering a part of the rail 21. Note that the rail fastening device existing between the rail 21 and the sleeper 23 is not shown.

  According to the prior art A, a motor 25 rotates a rotor 24 around an axis of rotation 26 together with an arm 28 to roll a wheel 27 on a rail 21, and applies a lateral pressure and a wheel load to the wheel 27 to a hydraulic cylinder for lateral pressure. The rolling contact between the wheel 27 and the rail 21 can be simulated in a laboratory by adding the wheel cylinder 29 and the wheel-loading hydraulic cylinder 30.

  The prior art B is a two-cylinder rolling contact tester for evaluating the wear characteristics and the rolling fatigue characteristics between two objects by contacting and rolling a rail wheel and a wheel.

  Prior art C is a high-frequency dynamic characteristic tester that mainly evaluates dynamic characteristics of a track member such as an elastic material.

  The prior art D is a four-axis fatigue tester for a rail fastening device that mainly evaluates fatigue characteristics under dynamic conditions by imitating a train load using a real rail fastening device.

  The prior art E is an integrated roadbed test apparatus that grasps the dynamic behavior of a track using a full-scale track model.

  The prior art F is a high-speed vehicle test bench that uses a full-size vehicle to run at high speed on a rail wheel (rail wheel), and reproduces and verifies the behavior of the vehicle.

Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers 51: 461, pp. 291-295

  According to the prior art B, only the element level test of the rail and the wheel can be performed, and further, the test cannot be performed under dynamic conditions in consideration of the influence of the track support rigidity.

  According to the prior art C, only the element-level test of a track member such as an elastic material can be performed, and the phenomenon associated with the wear of the rail and the wheel cannot be reproduced.

  According to the prior art D, since the rail fastening device is fixed on the surface plate, a test cannot be performed under dynamic conditions in consideration of the influence of the track support structure. Moreover, it is not possible to reproduce the phenomenon associated with the wear of the rails and wheels.

  According to the prior art E, it is not possible to reproduce the influence of wear due to the contact between the rail and the wheel or the resonance phenomenon due to the interaction between the track and the unsprung mass of the vehicle.

  According to the conventional technology F, the track is configured as a track wheel (rail wheel), so that dynamic evaluation cannot be performed in consideration of the influence of the support stiffness of the track by focusing on the track.

  According to the prior art A, the problems of the prior arts B to F can be partially solved. However, the prior art A is mainly aimed at elucidating the wear and damage of the rail 21, To evaluate the performance of the rails, rail fastening devices, sleepers, and the elastic materials interposed between them, and the track members attached to them, which make up the railroad track, under conditions that take into account the effects of track support stiffness. Could not.

  Further, according to the prior art A, since only the steady component can be set as the exciting force applied to the wheel 26, the influence of the dynamic load fluctuation cannot be considered.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to consider the influence of the rail support stiffness on the rails, rail fastening devices, sleepers, and elastic materials interposed between them and the track members attached thereto, which constitute the railroad track. It is an object of the present invention to provide a track test apparatus capable of performing performance evaluation under dynamic conditions and performing performance evaluation of wheels constituting a bogie of a railway vehicle running on a track.

  The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and has the following features.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a rail laid through a rail fastening device and a sleeper along an inner side surface of a pit constructed in a circumferential shape, and a horizontal inside the pit about a vertical rotation axis. A rotating rotor, a wheel rolling on the rail, horizontally attached to an arm attached to the rotor, steady lateral pressure applying means for applying a steady lateral pressure to the wheel, and a steady wheel load on the rail. And a stationary wheel load adding unit for adding a variable wheel load and a lateral pressure to the wheel. .

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the variable wheel load / lateral pressure applying means is provided on the arm.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, a wheel load / lateral pressure measuring gauge and a rail displacement sensor are installed on the rail, and the rail, the sleeper and the inside of the side wall of the pit are installed. In which an acceleration sensor is installed.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to third aspects, a wheel load / lateral pressure measuring gauge is installed on the wheel, and an axle box support for supporting a rotating shaft of the wheel is provided. It is characterized in that an acceleration sensor is installed in the device.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the steady-state lateral pressure applying means is attached to the rotating shaft, and is attached to the wheel via the rotor. It is characterized by applying pressure.

  A sixth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the fifth aspect of the present invention, the steady lateral pressure applying means comprises a weight or a hydraulic device.

  The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the steady-state wheel load adding means comprises a hydraulic device mounted on the rotor. is there.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, the variable wheel load / lateral pressure applying means is based on HILS control in which a computer simulation and a vibration mechanism are linked. It is characterized in that a fluctuating wheel load and lateral pressure are applied to the wheels by a vibrator.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, the fluctuating wheel weight / lateral pressure applying means is provided by an electric hydraulic device or a forced vibrator using an unbalanced weight. It is characterized in that a variable wheel load / lateral pressure is applied to the wheel.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, the wheel is attached to the arm attached to both ends of the rotor. Things.

  The invention according to claim 11 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 10, the flange of one of the wheels is mounted on the upper side, and the flange of the other wheel is mounted on the lower side. .

  A twelfth aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the invention of the tenth or eleventh aspect, the vertical position of the wheel and the angle with respect to the rail can be individually adjusted.

  According to a thirteenth aspect, in the invention according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, a pair of the wheels are attached to the arm attached to one end of the rotor, and Is characterized in that a counterweight is attached to the other end.

  According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the thirteenth aspect, a distance between the pair of wheels attached to the arm is variable.

  The invention according to claim 15 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 13 or 14, the vertical position of the wheel and the angle with respect to the rail can be individually adjusted.

  The invention according to claim 16 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the wheel is attached to each of a pair of the arms attached to one end of the rotor, It is characterized in that a counterweight is attached to the other end of the rotor.

  The invention according to claim 17 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 16, the distance between the wheels attached to each of the pair of arms is variable.

  The invention according to claim 18 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 16 or 17, the vertical position of the wheel and the angle with respect to the rail are adjustable.

  According to the present invention, the rail, the rail fastening device, the sleeper, and the elastic material interposed therebetween and the track member attached to the rail, which constitute the railroad track, are dynamically changed in consideration of the influence of the rail support rigidity. Performance can be evaluated under typical conditions, and the performance of wheels constituting a bogie of a railway vehicle running on a track can be evaluated.

It is a top view showing one embodiment of a track test device of the present invention. It is a sectional view showing one embodiment of a track test device of the present invention. It is a top view which shows other embodiment of the track test apparatus of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows other embodiment of the track test apparatus of this invention. It is a top view which shows another embodiment of the track test apparatus of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows other embodiment of the track test apparatus of this invention. It is a top view which shows the prior art A. It is sectional drawing which shows the prior art A.

  An embodiment of a track test apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view showing one embodiment of a track test device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a track test device of the present invention.

  1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a rail laid through a sleeper 3 along the inner surface of a pit 2 constructed in a circumferential shape. The rail 1 is fixed to the sleeper 3 by a rail fastening device (not shown). Reference numeral 4 denotes a rotor which rotates horizontally in a pit 2 around a vertical rotation axis 6 by a motor 5, and 7 rolls on a rail 1 horizontally mounted on arms 8 mounted on both ends of the rotor 4. Weight 9 as a means for applying a steady lateral pressure to the wheel 7 by moving the rotor 4 up and down together with the arm 8, and a weight 10 as a steady wheel load through the arm 8. Is a hydraulic device as a stationary wheel load adding means. The sleeper 3 may be fixed directly to the inner surface of the pit 2 or may be elastically supported via an elastic material.

  Reference numeral 11 denotes a variable wheel load / side pressure applying unit that is mounted on the arm 8 and applies a variable wheel load / side pressure to the wheel 7. The variable wheel weight / lateral pressure applying means 11 applies a variable wheel load / lateral pressure to the wheel 7 by a vibrator controlled by HILS (Hardware In the Loop Simulation) which links a computer simulation and a vibration mechanism. Alternatively, a variable wheel load and a lateral pressure are applied to the wheels 7 by a forced vibration by a forced vibration device using an electric hydraulic device or an unbalanced weight. 12 is a wheel load / lateral pressure measurement gauge installed on the rail 1, 13 is a rail displacement sensor installed on the rail 1, and 14 is an acceleration installed inside the side wall of the rail 1, the sleeper 3 and the pit 2. A sensor 15 is a wheel load / lateral pressure measurement gauge installed on the wheel 7, 16 is an acceleration sensor installed on an axle box support device 19 that supports a rotating shaft (shaft) of the wheel 7, 17 is a rail 1 is a watering nozzle for watering a part of the nozzle. Oil can be applied instead of water.

  According to the track test apparatus of the present invention configured as described above, the variable wheel load / side pressure applying means 11 is installed, the wheel load / side pressure measuring gauge 12 and the rail displacement sensor 13 are installed. Therefore, it is possible to simulate a state where an actual bogie is traveling on an actual track, and furthermore, a rail constituting a railroad track, a rail fastening device, a sleeper, and an elastic material interposed therebetween. The performance of the track members attached thereto can be evaluated under dynamic conditions in consideration of the effect of the support rigidity of the track, and the performance evaluation of the wheels 7 and the like constituting the bogie of the vehicle traveling on the track can be performed. You can also.

  Further, by attaching the acceleration sensor 16 to the axle box support device 19, it is possible to measure the axle box acceleration and evaluate the actual wheel load / lateral pressure fluctuation (see FIG. 1).

  In addition, it is also possible to evaluate the performance by installing the rail fastening device, the sleeper 3 and the elastic material interposed between them and the track member attached thereto in the device and exchanging them. is there.

  Furthermore, various sensors installed in each part of the test apparatus can be used for detecting an abnormality of the apparatus and automatically stopping the apparatus.

  In FIGS. 1 and 2, the wheels 7 installed on the arm 8 are all mounted with their flanges facing up, but the flanges of one wheel 7 face up and the flanges of the other wheel 7 May be attached with the side down. As a result, the rail 1 and the wheel 7 can be brought into contact with each other at both corners (gauge corners) of the rail head. The difference between the contact points of the wheels 7 can be set to simulate the traveling state of the bogie.

  1 and 2, the vertical position of the wheel 7 and the angle with respect to the rail, which are installed on the arm 8, may be individually adjustable. Thereby, the difference of the contact point of the rail 1 and the wheel 7 between the front axis and the rear axis of the bogie during curve running, that is, the lateral displacement and the attack angle of each of the front and rear axes of the bogie are set, and the running state of the bogie is set. Can be simulated.

  Another embodiment of the track test apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 3 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the track test apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the track test apparatus of the present invention.

  3 and 4, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 indicate the same items, and the description will be omitted. 1 and 2 is different from the track test apparatus of FIGS. 1 and 2 in that the wheels 7 are mounted on arms 8 mounted on both ends of the rotor 4 in the track test apparatus of FIGS. 3. In the track test apparatus shown in FIG. 4, a pair of wheels 7 are attached to an arm 8 attached to one end of the rotor 4, and a counterweight 18 is attached to the other end of the rotor 4. On the point.

  According to the track test device shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, in addition to the effects of the track test device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, it is possible to directly simulate the traveling state of the bogie. Further, if the distance between the wheels 7 is made variable, the influence of the distance between the wheel sets (axle distance) can also be considered.

  Further, in FIGS. 3 and 4, the vertical position of the wheel 7 and the angle with respect to the rail, which are installed on the arm 8, may be adjustable. Thereby, the difference of the contact point of the rail 1 and the wheel 7 between the front axis and the rear axis of the bogie during curve running, that is, the lateral displacement and the attack angle of each of the front and rear axes of the bogie are set, and the running state of the bogie is set. Can be simulated.

  Still another embodiment of the track test apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 5 is a plan view showing still another embodiment of the track test apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing still another embodiment of the track test apparatus of the present invention.

  5 and 6, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 denote the same items, and a description thereof will be omitted. 1 and 2 is different from the track test apparatus of FIGS. 1 and 2 in that the wheels 7 are mounted on arms 8 mounted on both ends of the rotor 4 in the track test apparatus of FIGS. 5. In the track test apparatus shown in FIG. 6, the wheel 7 is attached to each of a pair of arms 8 attached to one end of the rotor 4, and the counterweight 18 is attached to the other end of the rotor 4. It is in the point.

  According to the track test apparatus shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in addition to the effects of the track test apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, if the distance between the wheels 7 is made variable, the influence of the distance between the wheel sets should be examined. Can be.

  5 and 6, the upper and lower positions of the wheels 7 and the angles of the wheels 7 provided on the arm 8 may be individually adjustable. Thereby, the difference of the contact point of the rail 1 and the wheel 7 between the front axis and the rear axis of the bogie during curve running, that is, the lateral displacement and the attack angle of each of the front and rear axes of the bogie are set, and the running state of the bogie is set. Can be simulated.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the fluctuating wheel load / lateral pressure applying means 11 is installed, and the wheel load / side pressure measurement gauge 12 and the rail displacement sensor 13 are installed on the rail 1. 1, the acceleration sensor 14 is installed inside the side wall of the sleeper 3 and the pit 2, the wheel load / lateral pressure measuring gauge 15 is installed on the wheel 7, and the acceleration sensor 16 is installed on the axle box support device 19. It is possible to simulate the state where an actual bogie is running on an actual track, and furthermore, rails, rail fastening devices, sleepers, and elastic materials interposed between the rails and the rails constituting the railroad track and accompanying these The performance of the track member can be evaluated under dynamic conditions in consideration of the effect of the support stiffness of the rail 1, and the performance of the wheels 7 and the like constituting the bogie of the railway vehicle running on the track is evaluated. It is also possible.

1: Rail 2: Pit 3: Sleeper 4: Rotor 5: Motor 6: Rotating shaft 7: Wheel 8: Arm 9: Weight 10: Hydraulic device 11: Variable wheel load / lateral pressure applying means 12: Wheel load / side Pressure gauge (for rail)
13: Rail displacement sensor 14: Acceleration sensor (for rails, sleepers, pit side walls)
15: Wheel load / lateral pressure measurement gauge (for wheels)
16: acceleration sensor (for shaft box)
17: Watering nozzle 18: Counterweight 19: Shaft box support device 21: Rail 22: Pit 23: Sleeper 24: Rotor 25: Motor 26: Rotating shaft 27: Wheel 28: Arm 29: Hydraulic device 30: Hydraulic device 31: Watering nozzle

Claims (18)

A rail laid through a rail fastening device and a sleeper along an inner surface of a pit constructed in a circumferential shape, a rotor that horizontally rotates around a vertical rotation axis in the pit, and attached to the rotor A wheel that rolls on the rail, mounted on the arm horizontally, a stationary lateral pressure applying unit that applies a stationary lateral pressure to the wheel, and a stationary wheel weight adding unit that applies a stationary wheel weight to the rail. In a track test device equipped with
A track testing apparatus, characterized in that a variable wheel load / lateral pressure applying means for applying the variable wheel load / lateral pressure to the wheel is installed.   The trajectory test device according to claim 1, wherein the variable wheel load / lateral pressure applying means is provided on the arm.   The wheel load / lateral pressure measurement gauge and a rail displacement sensor are installed on the rail, and an acceleration sensor is installed inside the side wall of the rail, the sleeper, and the pit. Orbital test device as described.   The wheel load / side pressure measurement gauge is installed on the wheel, and an acceleration sensor is installed on an axle box supporting device that supports a rotating shaft of the wheel, wherein the acceleration sensor is installed. Orbital test device according to 1.   The track test according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the steady lateral pressure applying means is attached to the rotating shaft, and applies steady lateral pressure to the wheel via the rotor. apparatus.   The trajectory test apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the steady lateral pressure applying means comprises a weight or a hydraulic device.   The track test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the steady-state wheel load adding means comprises a hydraulic device attached to the rotor.   2. The variable wheel load / lateral pressure applying means according to claim 1, wherein the variable wheel load / lateral pressure applying means applies a variable wheel load / lateral pressure to the wheel by a vibrator under HILS control in which a computer simulation and a vibration mechanism are linked. 9. The trajectory test device according to any one of items 1 to 7.   8. The variable wheel load / lateral pressure applying means according to claim 1, wherein the variable wheel load / lateral pressure applying means applies the variable wheel load / lateral pressure to the wheel by an electric hydraulic device or a forced shaker using an unbalanced weight. The trajectory test device according to any one of the above.   The track test device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the wheels are attached to the arms attached to both ends of the rotor.   11. The track test apparatus according to claim 10, wherein a flange of one of the wheels is mounted on an upper side, and a flange of the other wheel is mounted on a lower side.   The track test apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, wherein an upper and lower position of the wheel and an angle with respect to a rail can be individually adjusted.   A pair of the wheels are attached to the arm attached to one end of the rotor, and a counterweight is attached to the other end of the rotor, wherein: 10. The trajectory test device according to any one of 9.   The track test apparatus according to claim 13, wherein a distance between the pair of wheels attached to the arm is variable.   The track test apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the vertical position of the wheel and the angle with respect to the rail are adjustable.   The wheel is attached to each of a pair of the arms attached to one end of the rotor, and a counterweight is attached to the other end of the rotor. The trajectory test apparatus according to any one of 1 to 9,   The track test apparatus according to claim 16, wherein a distance between the wheels attached to each of the pair of arms is variable.   18. The track test apparatus according to claim 16, wherein an upper and lower position of the wheel and an angle with respect to the rail are adjustable.

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