JP6653962B2 - Rapeseed oil cake manufacturing method, rapeseed oil cake manufacturing apparatus, and rapeseed oil cake manufacturing management system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rapeseed oil cake production method, a rapeseed oil cake production apparatus, and a rapeseed oil cake production management system.

  Rapeseed oil cake obtained as a by-product in the vegetable oil production process is used for applications such as feed, fertilizer, and food materials.

  The rapeseed oil cake production process includes a solvent removal process for removing the solvent from the extracted cake obtained by extracting oil with a solvent. Extracted lees contain about 8% by weight of water, but in order to increase the degree of protein denaturation in the desolvation step, 5 to 20% by weight of water is further added to the extracted lees. It becomes 24 mass%. Since the rapeseed oil cake after the removal of the solvent has a high water content, a drying step of heating to, for example, 80 to 90 ° C. is performed in order to reduce the water content, and the water content becomes 15 to 20% by mass. The rapeseed oil cake after the drying step is subjected to a cooling step of cooling to 30 to 40 ° C. using a meal cooler or the like, and has a water content of 10 to 13% by mass. Thereafter, the rapeseed oil cake is passed through a sizing process for the purpose of uniforming the particle diameter, and stored or filled. In addition, in the steps after the cooling step, if the amount of water is large, dew forms and bacteria are generated in the process equipment, causing a problem that the product is contaminated with the bacteria. In particular, vegetable oil cake immediately after the cooling step has a high product temperature and is apt to generate water vapor, so that dew condensation tends to occur.

  For this reason, it has been proposed that the moisture content of the product be reduced to a certain level or less, and that in the production of rapeseed oil cake, a conveyer or other conveyance device is devised so that dew condensation due to a temperature difference between indoors and outdoors does not occur in the conveyance device (Patent Documents) 1).

JP 2015-127253 A

  In order to solve the hygienic problem of rapeseed oil cake, it is necessary to sufficiently reduce the moisture in the drying step, but a great deal of cost has been involved in heating. On the other hand, moisture management during the process to solve hygiene problems can measure the water content of rapeseed oil cake by loss on drying, etc., but sampling is required, it takes time, and it is immediately reflected in manufacturing conditions. It was difficult.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a rapeseed oil cake manufacturing method, a rapeseed oil cake manufacturing apparatus, and a rapeseed oil cake manufacturing method in which a drying step is not performed for cost reduction in a rapeseed oil cake manufacturing process, and dew condensation in the vegetable oil cake manufacturing process is further suppressed. It is to provide a production management system.

  The present invention provides the following [1] to [7] to achieve the above object.

[1] In the desolvation step, water is added to rapeseed oil cake in an amount of 0.3 to 2% by mass based on the rapeseed oil cake to make the water content of the rapeseed oil cake after the desolvation process 14 to 18% by mass. A method for producing rapeseed oil cake, comprising performing a cooling step.
[2] The method for producing rapeseed oil cake of [1], wherein the desolvation step uses a desolentizer toaster.
[3] The method for producing rapeseed oil cake of [1] or [2], wherein the cooling step uses a meal cooler.
[4] The dew point temperature and temperature of any space through which the rapeseed oil cake passes from the outlet of the cooling step within 15 minutes after the outlet of the cooling step are measured, and the dew point temperature becomes 1 ° C. or more lower than the temperature. Production of the rapeseed oil cake according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the desolvation step and / or the cooling step are controlled so that the dew point temperature does not become lower than the temperature by 15 ° C. or more. Method.
[5] The method for producing rapeseed oil cake according to [4], wherein the treatment for controlling the solvent removal step controls an amount of water added and / or controls a heating temperature.
[6] The method for producing rapeseed oil cake according to [4] or [5], wherein the processing for controlling the cooling step controls the air volume in the cooling step.
[7] A dew point thermometer or hygrometer, and a thermometer are installed so that the dew point temperature and the temperature of any space of the device through which the rapeseed oil cake passes can be measured within 15 minutes after the meal cooler outlet from the meal cooler outlet. Rapeseed oil cake production equipment, each of which is electrically connected to a control device for the desolvizer toaster and / or the meal cooler [8] Within 15 minutes after the meal cooler outlet from the meal cooler outlet A dew point thermometer or hygrometer, and a thermometer are installed to measure the dew point temperature and temperature in any space of the device through which rapeseed oil cake passes, each controlling a desolvizer toaster and / or a meal cooler. Electrically connected to the device so that the dew point temperature is at least 1 ° C. lower than the temperature and / or the dew point temperature is Ri so as not 15 ℃ or lower, rapeseed meal production management system that controls Desolation Ruben inductive board toaster and / or Mirukura operating conditions

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the manufacturing cost of rapeseed oil cake can be reduced by omitting a drying process in the manufacturing process of rapeseed oil cake. In addition, by suppressing dew condensation in the production process of rapeseed oil cake, there is no problem in the hygiene of the rapeseed oil cake product, and a rapeseed oil cake production method and a rapeseed oil cake production management system that can be used for feed, fertilizer, or food are provided. can do.

[Production method of rapeseed oil cake 1: first embodiment]
In the method for producing rapeseed oil cake according to the first embodiment of the present invention, in the desolvation step, water is added to the rapeseed oil cake in an amount of 0.3 to 2% by mass, and the water content of the rapeseed oil cake after the solvent removal step is reduced. By setting the content to 14 to 18% by mass, the cooling step is performed without passing through the drying step. Hereinafter, the production process of rapeseed oil cake will be described in order.

  The oil raw material (extracted raw material) that has been subjected to pretreatment such as fine selection, crushing, drying, heating, and pressing is separated into oil and rapeseed cake in a pressing step and / or a solvent extraction step. The solvent can be performed using an organic solvent such as hexane, acetone, and ethanol, but hexane is generally used in Japan. The oil raw material (extraction raw material) is not particularly limited, and soybean, rapeseed, corn, cottonseed, safflower, sunflower, peanut, sesame, flaxseed, rice bran, grape seed and the like can be used. Alternatively, rapeseed is preferably used. Most preferably rapeseed.

  Since rapeseed oil cake generated in the solvent extraction step contains a solvent, it is heated to remove the solvent. The desolvation step is performed by adding water and heating or heating, and in addition to desolvation of oil cake, protein denaturation occurs. For the desolvation step, for example, an apparatus called a desolvizer toaster can be used. Inside the desolventizer / toaster, the desolvation step is carried out under water-heating and heating conditions, and is carried out in a tower (in a processing apparatus) which is heated to a steam atmosphere. The water content is 0.3 to 2% by mass, preferably 0.5 to 1.5% by mass, based on the rapeseed oil cake. The amount of water added is more preferably 0.5 to 1.2% by mass based on rapeseed oil cake, and most preferably 0.6 to 1.0% by mass based on rapeseed oil cake. The humidity inside the desorbentizer / toaster is preferably 30 to 100%, more preferably 50 to 100%, and even more preferably 80 to 100%. As for temperature, 50-130 ° C is preferred, 80-120 ° C is more preferred, and 90-110 ° C is still more preferred.

  In order to adjust the quality of oil and the like of the product of rapeseed oil cake, fats and oils and the soapstock generated in the purification process of oils and fats can be added to the rapeseed oil cake, but it is preferable to add them in the solvent removal step.

  The water content of the rapeseed oil cake after the solvent removal step is 13 to 18% by mass, and more preferably 14 to 16% by mass.

  In the production of ordinary rapeseed oil cake, heating and drying are performed using a meal dryer after the solvent removal step. In the present invention, the following cooling step is performed immediately after the solvent removal step.

  The oil cake that has gone through the solvent removal step is cooled using a meal cooler or the like. In the cooling step, for example, the oil cake may be dropped in an air stream, or a gas may be sprayed on the oil cake. Increasing the air volume in the cooling step can lower the temperature of the rapeseed oil cake, but the fine powder of the rapeseed oil cake is easily blown off by the wind pressure. The oil cake that has passed through the cooling step is a product in which the particle size is adjusted in the sizing step.

[Rapeseed oil cake production method 2: Second embodiment]
The method for producing rapeseed oil cake according to the second embodiment of the present invention is, in addition to the method for producing rapeseed oil cake according to the first embodiment described above, in order to prevent dew condensation on the device, from the outlet of the cooling step. The dew point temperature and the temperature of any space where the rapeseed oil cake passes within 15 minutes after the outlet of the cooling step are measured, and the dew point temperature is lower than the temperature by 1 ° C. or more, and / or the dew point temperature However, the solvent removal step and / or the cooling step are controlled so that the temperature does not become lower than the temperature by 15 ° C. or more.

  In the second embodiment of the present invention, the dew point temperature and the temperature of any space where rapeseed oil cake passes from the outlet of the cooling step to the space within 15 minutes after the outlet of the cooling step are measured. The dew point temperature can be measured directly with a dew point thermometer, or by measuring the temperature and relative humidity to determine the water vapor pressure (partial pressure of water vapor in humid air) and determining the temperature at which the water vapor pressure is set to the saturated water vapor pressure. Obtainable. The formula for calculating the dew point temperature may be calculated automatically using a computer or the like, or may be approximately calculated using a saturated water vapor pressure table in JIS Z 8806 “Humidity-Measurement Method” or the like. As the dew point thermometer, a polymer type capacitance sensor, an aluminum oxide type capacitance sensor, a mirror type sensor, or the like can be used.

  When the dew point temperature is calculated from the temperature and the relative humidity, the relative humidity is measured using a hygrometer and a thermometer, and the dew point temperature is calculated. As the hygrometer, a dry-wet bulb hygrometer, a ventilation dry-wet bulb hygrometer, or an electronic hygrometer can be used, but an electronic hygrometer that detects a change in electric resistance from the viewpoint of durability and accuracy is more preferable. Note that as the electronic hygrometer, an electric resistance type, a capacitance type, or the like can be used. As the thermometer, a metal thermometer using a bimetal for the sensing part, an electric thermometer that detects a change in electric resistance due to the temperature of platinum or the like, an electric thermometer that detects a change in the manner of a capacitor according to temperature, and the like are used. be able to. An electric thermometer is preferable because it is electrically connected to a control device for the heating step or the cooling step. Further, an electric thermometer that detects a change in electric resistance is more preferable in terms of durability and accuracy.

  In the present invention, a dew point thermometer and a thermometer, or a hygrometer and a thermometer so that the dew point temperature and temperature of any space through which the rapeseed oil cake passes can be measured within 15 minutes after the cooling process outlet from the cooling process outlet. Install. The dew point thermometer and thermometer, or the hygrometer and thermometer may be installed in any space where rapeseed oil cake passes from the cooling process outlet within 15 minutes after the cooling process outlet, but within 5 minutes from the cooling outlet It is preferably installed in a space where rapeseed oil cake passes, and more preferably in a space where rapeseed oil cake passes within 2 minutes. More preferably, it is installed at a cooling process outlet or a transport device after the cooling outlet. When installed in a transport device, a transport device immediately after the cooling step exit is preferable. It is preferable that the transporting device has a cover in order to prevent mixing of dust and the like. In this case, a dew point thermometer or a thermometer is installed in the cover or at the entrance of the transporting device. Note that a conveyor can be used as the transport device. The dew point thermometer and the thermometer may be installed at the same place or at different places, but it is more preferable that the dew point thermometer and the thermometer are installed in this order from the upstream side of the process. Note that a plurality of dew point thermometers and thermometers or a plurality of hygrometers and thermometers may be installed and appropriately selected and used. When calculating the dew point temperature from the thermometer and the hygrometer, it is more preferable that the thermometer for measuring the dew point temperature and the thermometer for measuring the temperature are the same.

In the present invention, the desolvation step and / or the dew-point temperature obtained from the above-mentioned dew-point thermometer should be 1 ° C or more lower than the temperature obtained from the thermometer and / or not to be 15 ° C or more. Alternatively, the cooling step is controlled.
The greater the difference between the dew point temperature and the temperature, the lower the risk of dew condensation.Therefore, it is more preferable to control the dew point temperature to be lower than the temperature by 2 ° C. or more, and the dew point temperature is higher than the temperature. More preferably, the temperature is controlled to be lower than 3 ° C. In addition, since the dew point temperature is lowered more than necessary, excessive heating and air blowing cause an increase in energy cost in the manufacturing process. Therefore, it is preferable that the dew point temperature is controlled so as not to be lower than the temperature by 15 ° C. or more. , More preferably 10 ° C. or more, and still more preferably 6 ° C. or more.

  In the present invention, the dew point temperature is controlled to be lower than the temperature by a certain temperature or more. However, if the same standard cannot be achieved, the conditions of the desolvation step and / or the cooling step are changed to lower the dew point temperature. Let it. Methods for lowering the dew point temperature include reducing the amount of water added in the desolvation step (desolventizer / toaster), increasing the heating temperature, and increasing the air volume in the cooling step (meal cooler). Alternatively, a plurality of methods may be used at the same time, but it is preferable to increase the air volume in the cooling step because the conditions can be changed immediately. In addition, control is performed so that the dew point temperature does not become lower than the temperature by a certain temperature or more. If the standard cannot be achieved, the conditions of the desolvation step and / or the cooling step are changed to raise the dew point temperature. Let it. Examples of the method of increasing the dew point temperature include increasing the amount of water in the desolvation step, lowering the heating temperature, and reducing the air flow in the cooling step.

[Rapeseed oil cake production equipment]
In the present invention, the rapeseed oil cake manufacturing apparatus is a dew point thermometer or a hygrometer so that the dew point temperature and the temperature of any space of the device through which the rapeseed oil cake passes can be measured within 15 minutes after the meal cooler outlet from the meal cooler outlet, And a thermometer are installed, each of which is electrically connected to the control device of the desolvizer toaster and / or the meal cooler. The installation conditions of the thermometer, dew point thermometer, and hygrometer are as described above.

[Rapeseed oil cake production management system]
In the present invention, the rapeseed oil cake production management system is a dew point thermometer or humidity so that the dew point temperature and the temperature of any space of the device through which the rapeseed oil cake passes can be measured within 15 minutes after the meal cooler outlet from the meal cooler outlet. A thermometer and a thermometer, each of which is electrically connected to the control device of the desorventizer toaster and / or the meal cooler, such that the dew point temperature is at least 1 ° C. below the temperature, and / or Alternatively, the operating condition of the desolvizer toaster and / or the meal cooler is controlled such that the dew point temperature does not become lower than the temperature by 15 ° C. or more. The installation conditions for the thermometer, dew point thermometer, and hygrometer, and the operating conditions for the desolvizer toaster and meal cooler are as described above.

Next, the present invention will be described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[Comparative Example 1]
Rapeseed extract lees (moisture content 8% by mass) was converted to a desorventizer toaster (processing amount 24 t / h, heating: indirect steam, blowing steam amount: 4 t / h, water content 2,240 L / h (9.3%) ), The solvent was removed at an outlet temperature of 103 ° C) to obtain rapeseed oil cake having a water content of 20% by mass. Further, rapeseed oil cake having a water content of 13% by mass was obtained through a meal dryer (rotary dryer) and a meal cooler.

[Example 1]
Rapeseed extract lees (water content 8% by mass) were mixed with a desorventizer toaster (processing amount 24 t / h, heating: indirect steam, blowing steam amount: 4 t / h, water content 200 L / h (0.83%), The solvent was removed at an outlet temperature of 105 ° C) to obtain rapeseed oil cake having a water content of 14% by mass. Further, rapeseed oil cake was obtained through a meal cooler. Rapeseed oil cake having a water content of 13% by mass was obtained.

  As described above, in Example 1 in which the amount of water is 0.3 to 2% by mass and the amount of water after the solvent removal step is in the range of 13 to 18% by mass, rapeseed oil cake can be produced without using a meal dryer. did it.

[Reference Example 1]
The rapeseed meal that passed through the meal dryer was cooled with a meal cooler (inlet fan 15 Hz). When the temperature inside the conveyer with a cover installed at the outlet of the meal cooler was measured, it was about 15-22 ° C. Occasionally, condensation was observed in the conveyor.

  On the other hand, a thermometer (temperature measuring resistance zone 1NRZS2 manufactured by Chino Co., Ltd.) and a hygrometer (hygrometer HN-CDA manufactured by Chino Co., Ltd.) are installed on a covered conveyor installed at the outlet of the meal cooler. Wiring was performed from the hygrometer to a computing unit (HN-GV1F, a humidity computing unit manufactured by Chino Co., Ltd.), and further from the computing unit to a control panel in a cooling process. The temperature and dew point temperature were displayed on the control panel of the cooling process, and when the value obtained by subtracting the dew point temperature from the temperature was less than 3 ° C., the rotation speed of the intake fan of the meal cooler was increased, and the discharge amount of the meal cooler was reduced. Further, when the value obtained by subtracting the dew point temperature from the temperature was 6 ° C. or more, the rotation speed of the intake fan of the meal cooler was reduced, and the temperature and the dew point temperature were electrically measured with time.

  As described above, when the difference between the temperature and the dew point temperature was reduced, by increasing the number of revolutions of the intake fan from 15 Hz to 25 Hz, it was possible to increase the displacement and widen the difference between the temperature and the dew point temperature. This reduced the risk of condensation. At 1:00 when the difference between the temperature and the dew point temperature was widened, the number of exhausts was reduced and the energy cost was reduced by reducing the rotation speed of the intake fan from 25 Hz to 15 Hz. In addition, no condensation was observed. Although this result is a reference example, since the control of the temperature and the dew point temperature can be used as a parameter unique to the device after the meal cooler, it can be used regardless of the presence or absence of the drying step.

Claims (8)

In solvent removal step, water is added 0.3 to 2% by mass relative to rapeseed oil cake, the moisture content of rapeseed meal after solvent removal step and 1 3 to 1 4% by weight, cooling without a drying step A method for producing rapeseed oil cake, comprising performing a step.   The method for producing rapeseed oil cake according to claim 1, wherein the desolvation step uses a desolventizer toaster.   The method for producing rapeseed oil cake according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cooling step uses a meal cooler. Measure the dew point temperature and temperature of any space through which the rapeseed oil cake passes within 15 minutes after the outlet of the cooling step from the outlet of the cooling step, so that the following condition 1 or condition 2 ,
Controlling the solvent removal step and / or the cooling step,
The method for producing rapeseed oil cake according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:
Condition 1: the dew point temperature is lower than the temperature by 1 ° C. or more
Condition 2: the dew point temperature is lower than the temperature by 1 ° C. or more, and the dew point temperature is not lower than the temperature by 15 ° C. or more.   The method for producing rapeseed oil cake according to claim 4, wherein the treatment for controlling the desolvation step includes controlling the amount of water added and / or controlling the heating temperature.   The method for producing rapeseed oil cake according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the processing for controlling the cooling step is to control an air volume in the cooling step. A dew point thermometer or hygrometer, and a thermometer are installed so that the dew point temperature and temperature of any space of the device through which the rapeseed oil cake passes can be measured within 15 minutes after the meal cooler outlet from the meal cooler outlet,
Each is electrically connected to the control device of the desorventizer toaster and / or the meal cooler so as to satisfy the following condition 1 or condition 2 .
Rapeseed meal manufacturing apparatus characterized by.
Condition 1: the dew point temperature is lower than the temperature by 1 ° C. or more
Condition 2: the dew point temperature is lower than the temperature by 1 ° C. or more, and the dew point temperature is not lower than the temperature by 15 ° C. or more. A dew point thermometer or hygrometer, and a thermometer are installed so that the dew point temperature and temperature of any space of the device through which the rapeseed oil cake passes can be measured within 15 minutes after the meal cooler outlet from the meal cooler outlet,
Each is electrically connected to the controller of the desorventizer toaster and / or meal cooler,
So that the following condition 1 or 2
A rapeseed oil cake production management system, characterized by controlling operating conditions of a desolvantizer / toaster and / or a meal crusher .
Condition 1: the dew point temperature is lower than the temperature by 1 ° C. or more
Condition 2: the dew point temperature is lower than the temperature by 1 ° C. or more, and the dew point temperature is not lower than the temperature by 15 ° C. or more.