JP6655588B2 - Method of manufacturing aluminum-based composite material, aluminum-based composite material manufactured by the method, and aluminum-based structure including aluminum-based composite material - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an aluminum-based composite material, an aluminum-based composite material manufactured by the method, and an aluminum-based structure including the aluminum-based composite material.

  Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) are based on metal materials and use special processes to uniformly distribute different types, different forms of ceramics and non-metal reinforced phases in a continuous metal substrate. It is a new composite material. Its performance combines the advantages of a metal substrate and a reinforcing phase, has high specific strength and specific rigidity, can withstand high temperatures, withstand abrasion, has high lateral performance and interlaminar shear strength, and has high thermal stability Because of its volume stability and material design possibilities, it is first applied to the aerospace industry.

  At present, mass-production and commercialization of metal-based composite materials are difficult, for example, because of the following problems. 1.It must be performed at high temperature to ensure that the metal substrate has sufficient fluidity and penetrates well into the gaps between the strengthening phases and composites with it, however, Harmful interfacial reactions may occur with the substrate. 2. Poor compatibility between the metal substrate and the reinforcing phase. 3. It must be ensured that the reinforcing phase is uniformly distributed in the base material in the content and direction according to the design requirements.

  A main object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an aluminum-based composite material that can produce an aluminum-based metal into an aluminum-based metal composite material having favorable mechanical strength.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum-based composite material having favorable mechanical strength.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an aluminum-based structure having favorable mechanical strength.

  In the method for treating an aluminum-based metal according to the present invention, the surface of the aluminum-based metal is covered with borax, and the aluminum-based metal is heated so as to exceed the melting point of the borax.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum-based metal is an aluminum metal.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum-based metal is an aluminum alloy.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the borax is mixed with the ceramic material, and then the surface of the aluminum-based metal is covered, and the aluminum-based metal is heated so as to exceed the melting point of the borax. The content is 0.01 to 90 wt%.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the hardness of the ceramic material is greater than the hardness of aluminum.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the ceramic material is silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, boron carbide, zirconium carbide, titanium carbide, beryllium carbide. Beryllium carbide, Zirconium boride, Titanium diboride, Rhenium diboride, Rhenium diboride, Aluminum boride, Aluminum oxide, Boron nitride ), Diamond, and combinations thereof.

  The aluminum-based composite material of the present invention contains 7 to 9 atomic% of aluminum, 11 to 13 atomic% of sodium, and 79 to 81 atomic% of oxygen.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum-based composite material includes 8 atomic% aluminum, 12 atomic% sodium, and 80 atomic% oxygen.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum-based composite further includes a ceramic material, wherein the aluminum-based composite has an aluminum content of 2 to 3 wt%, a sodium content of 3.5 to 5 wt%, and oxygen. Is 26 to 27% by weight, and the content of the ceramic material is 65 to 68% by weight.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the hardness of the ceramic material is greater than the hardness of aluminum.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the ceramic material is silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, boron carbide, zirconium carbide, titanium carbide, beryllium carbide. Beryllium carbide, Zirconium boride, Titanium diboride, Rhenium diboride, Rhenium diboride, Aluminum boride, Aluminum oxide, Boron nitride ), Diamond, and combinations thereof.

  The aluminum-based structure of the present invention includes an aluminum-based substrate made of an aluminum-based metal and an aluminum-based composite material provided in the aluminum-based substrate. The aluminum-based composite material contains 7-9 atomic% of aluminum, 11-13 atomic% of sodium, and 79-81 atomic% of oxygen.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum-based composite material includes 8 atomic% aluminum, 12 atomic% sodium, and 80 atomic% oxygen.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum-based composite further includes a ceramic material, wherein the aluminum-based composite has an aluminum content of 2 to 3 wt%, a sodium content of 3.5 to 5 wt%, and oxygen. Is 26 to 27% by weight, and the content of the ceramic material is 65 to 68% by weight.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the hardness of the ceramic material is greater than the hardness of aluminum.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the ceramic material is silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, boron carbide, zirconium carbide, titanium carbide, beryllium carbide. Beryllium carbide, Zirconium boride, Titanium diboride, Rhenium diboride, Rhenium diboride, Aluminum boride, Aluminum oxide, Boron nitride ), Diamond, and combinations thereof.

4 is a photograph taken by an optical microscope according to one embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a photograph of a cross section of aluminum treated by the method for treating an aluminum-based metal of the present invention, taken by an optical microscope.

4 is an image obtained by a scanning electron microscope according to one embodiment of the present invention.

It is an analysis result figure of the aluminum element in one example of the present invention.

It is an analysis result figure of sodium element in one example of the present invention.

It is an analysis result figure of an oxygen element in one example of the present invention.

4 is an image obtained by a scanning electron microscope according to one embodiment of the present invention.

It is an analysis result figure of sodium element in one example of the present invention.

It is an analysis result figure of the magnesium element in one example of the present invention.

It is an analysis result figure of the aluminum element in one example of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an analysis result of oxygen or 5F element in one example of the present invention.

4 is a photograph taken by an optical microscope according to one embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a photograph of another example of the present invention taken by an optical microscope. 5 is a photograph of another example of the present invention taken by an optical microscope. 5 is a photograph of another example of the present invention taken by an optical microscope. 5 is a photograph of another example of the present invention taken by an optical microscope. 5 is a photograph of another example of the present invention taken by an optical microscope.

1 is a photograph of an example of an aluminum-based structure having a single-layer aluminum-based composite material of the present invention.

5 shows the measurement results of bending strength of aluminum metal, an aluminum-based structure having a single-layer aluminum-based composite material of the present invention, and an aluminum-based structure having a four-layered aluminum-based composite material of the present invention.

  In the method for producing an aluminum-based composite material of the present invention, the surface of the aluminum-based metal is covered with borax, and the aluminum-based metal is heated so as to exceed the melting point of the borax. The melting point of borax is 743 ° C. Among them, the aluminum-based metal may be an aluminum metal or an aluminum alloy.

  More specifically, borax is spread flat on an aluminum base metal composed of aluminum, an aluminum alloy or / and a combination thereof, and is heated, for example, in a high temperature environment of a high temperature furnace to exceed 743 ° C. Thereby, borax and aluminum react to form a strengthening phase. In the course of the reaction, the reaction can proceed with or without protection by an inert gas (eg, argon). In other words, the above-described method for treating an aluminum-based metal of the present invention can be performed in an environment where oxygen is present.

  From another angle, the above-described method for producing an aluminum-based composite material is substantially a method for treating an aluminum-based metal. In the light micrograph shown in FIG. 1 (VHX-5000, Keyence, USA), the bright areas are aluminum not treated by the method of the present invention, and the dark areas are aluminum treated by the method of the present invention. . Among them, the portions indicated by the numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 in the bright region and the portions indicated by the numbers 5, 6, 7, and 8 in the dark region in the drawing are Nanoindenters (Nanoindenter XP, MTS). , USA), and the hardness and Young's modulus were measured, and the results are as shown in Table 1 below.

  As can be seen from Table 1, the mechanical strength of the aluminum treated by the method of the present invention was clearly superior to aluminum not treated by the method of the present invention. More specifically, the aluminum treated by the method of the present invention has an average Berkovich hardness of 4.59 Gpa ((4.13 + 4.33 + 5.01 + 4.89) /) at the locations indicated by the numerals 5, 6, 7, and 8. 4 = 4.59), and the average value of the Young's modulus is 126.98 Gpa ((124.4 + 122.2 + 132.8 + 128.5) /4=126.98). On the other hand, in the aluminum not treated by the method of the present invention, the average value of the Berkovich hardness at the locations indicated by the numerals 1, 2, 3, and 4 is 0.6 GPa ((0.534 + 0.677 + 0.655 + 0.534) / 4). = 0.6), and the average value of the Young's modulus is 75.2 GPa ((71.42 + 79.19 + 73.35 + 76.84) /4=75.2). That is, after being treated with the method of the present invention, the Berkovich hardness and Young's modulus of aluminum have been increased to 7.65 times and 1.68 times the original values, respectively.

  The Berkovich hardness and Young's modulus of the 5083 aluminum alloy were also measured, and the results are shown in Table 2.

  As can be seen from Table 2, the mechanical strength of the 5083 aluminum alloy treated by the method of the present invention was clearly superior to the 5083 aluminum alloy not treated by the method of the present invention. More specifically, in the 5083 aluminum alloy treated by the method of the present invention, the average value of the Berkovich hardness at the locations indicated by the numerals 5, 6, 7, and 8 is 5.02 GPa ((4.87 + 5.22 + 4.98 + 5.01 Gpa). ) / 4 = 5.02), and the average value of the Young's modulus is 126.2 GPa ((125.8 + 131.4 + 121.5 + 126.1) / 4 = 126.2). On the other hand, in the aluminum not treated by the method of the present invention, the average value of the Berkovich hardness at the locations indicated by the numerals 1, 2, 3, and 4 is 1.08 GPa ((1.081 + 1.121 + 1.983 + 1.122) / 4. = 1.08), and the average Young's modulus is 71.96 Gpa ((72.33 + 71.88 + 73.54 + 70.09) / 4 = 71.95). That is, after being treated by the method of the present invention, the Berkovich hardness and Young's modulus of the 5083 aluminum alloy were improved to 4.65 times and 1.37 times the original values, respectively.

  Thus, according to the method of the present invention, an aluminum-based metal can be manufactured into an aluminum-based composite material having high mechanical strength. Alternatively, from another angle, the mechanical strength of the aluminum-based metal can be improved.

  On the other hand, there is good compatibility between the aluminum-based metal treated by the method of the present invention and the aluminum-based metal not treated by the method of the present invention. Further, a photographic view by an optical microscope shown in FIG. 2 shows a cross section of aluminum treated by the method of the present invention. From this figure it can be seen that the aluminum treated by the method of the invention and the aluminum not treated by the method of the invention are connected to each other without gaps, they have good compatibility, and the interfacial bonding is It turns out that it is good.

  In a scanning electron microscope image as shown in FIG. 3 (Nova 230 Variable Pressure SEM (VP-SEM) (at 10 kV accelerating voltage), FEI, USA), dark areas are not treated by the method of the present invention. Aluminum, and the bright areas are aluminum treated by the method of the present invention. When the elemental analysis was performed on the bright region, the results shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C were obtained. 4A, 4B, and 4C, respectively, that the bright region contains about 8 atomic% of aluminum, about 12 atomic% of sodium, and about 80 atomic% of oxygen. Furthermore, the aluminum-based metal treated by the method of the present invention is an aluminum-based composite material having favorable mechanical strength. Among them, the aluminum-based composite material contains 7 to 9 atomic% of aluminum, 11 to 13 atomic% of sodium, and 79 to 81 atomic% of oxygen, preferably, about 8 atomic% of aluminum and about 12 atomic% of sodium. Contains about 80 atomic% oxygen.

  In a scanning electron microscope image (Nova 230 Variable Pressure SEM (VP-SEM) (at 10 kV accelerating voltage), FEI, USA) as shown in FIG. 4D, dark areas are not treated by the method of the present invention. 5083 aluminum alloy, and the bright area is 5083 aluminum alloy treated by the method of the present invention. When the elemental analysis was performed on the bright region, the results shown in FIGS. 4E to 4H were obtained. 4E, 4F, 4G, and 4H, respectively, reveal that the bright region contains about 12 atomic% of sodium, about 8 atomic% of magnesium, about 7 atomic% of aluminum, and about 73 atomic% of oxygen.

  In another embodiment, the borax is mixed with the ceramic material and then coated over the aluminum-based metal and heated to above 743 ° C. More specifically, a higher strength ceramic material (eg, having a higher hardness than aluminum) can be mixed with borax to further improve mechanical strength such as, for example, hardness and Young's modulus. Among them, ceramic materials include silicon carbide, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, boron carbide, zirconium carbide, titanium carbide, beryllium carbide, and boride. Zirconium (Zirconium boride), titanium diboride (Titanium diboride), rhenium diboride (Rhenium diboride), aluminum boride (Aluminum boride), aluminum oxide (Aluminium oxide), boron nitride (Boron nitride), diamond, and these Is preferably selected from the group consisting of: The content of the ceramic material is 0.01 to 90 wt% with respect to the borax, preferably 66 wt% ceramic material: 33% borax.

  In one embodiment, borax is first mixed with silicon carbide, the ratio being 66 wt% silicon carbide: 33% borax. Thereafter, the surface of the aluminum alloy is covered with the mixture, and the mixture is heated to exceed 743 ° C. In the light micrograph (VHX-5000, Keyence, USA) as shown in FIG. 5A, the bright region is silicon carbide and the dark region is the strengthening phase formed by the reaction between borax and aluminum. When the mechanical strength of the whole was measured, it was found that the hardness was 9.7 GPa and the Young's modulus was 140 GPa. As can be seen from the foregoing, the method of the present invention can achieve the effect of strengthening the aluminum-based metal by infiltrating a high-strength ceramic material, such as silicon carbide, into the aluminum phase. In another embodiment, when silicon carbide is in the 5083 aluminum alloy composite, when tungsten carbide is in the aluminum composite, when titanium carbide is in the 5083 aluminum alloy composite, titanium oxide is in the aluminum composite. And the titanium oxide in the 5083 aluminum alloy composite is shown in FIGS. 5B-5F, respectively.

  Furthermore, by mixing borax with a ceramic material, and then covering the surface of the aluminum-based metal and heating it to exceed 743 ° C., an aluminum-based composite material containing a ceramic material having favorable mechanical strength is obtained. Obtainable. Among them, ceramic materials include silicon carbide, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, boron carbide, zirconium carbide, titanium carbide, beryllium carbide, and boride. Zirconium (Zirconium boride), titanium diboride (Titanium diboride), rhenium diboride (Rhenium diboride), aluminum boride (Aluminum boride), aluminum oxide (Aluminium oxide), titanium oxide (Titanium oxide), boron nitride (Boron) nitride, diamond, and combinations thereof. The content of the ceramic material is 0.01 to 90 wt% with respect to the borax, preferably 66 wt% ceramic material: 33% borax.

  The aluminum-based composite material can be embedded in an aluminum-based substrate to form an aluminum-based structure. More specifically, the aluminum-based structure includes an aluminum-based substrate made of an aluminum-based metal and an aluminum-based composite material provided in the aluminum-based substrate. In other words, an aluminum-based substrate made of an aluminum-based metal sandwiches the multilayer reinforced structure. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the aluminum-based structure has a single-layer aluminum-based composite material, and the aluminum-based composite material is sandwiched between two aluminum metal layers. However, in another embodiment, the aluminum-based structure is not limited to having only a single layer of aluminum-based composite material, and the aluminum-based composite material is not limited to being sandwiched between two aluminum metal layers. Absent.

A three-point bending test was performed on aluminum metal (No layer), an aluminum-based structure with a single layer of aluminum-based composite (1 layer), and an aluminum-based structure with 4 layers of aluminum-based composite (4 layers). The bending strength is evaluated. Among them, bending test, flexural strength tester (Instron 5900, Instron Corp., USA) were performed using, conditions, depress the rate is 3 × 10 ^-4 in / sec, at intervals of both points are 6mm is there. The results are as shown in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the bending strength of the aluminum-based structure having the four-layer aluminum-based composite material is clearly greater than the bending strength of the aluminum metal, and the bending strength of the aluminum-based structure having the single-layer aluminum-based composite material is shown. Is also slightly greater than the bending strength of aluminum metal. As a result, the aluminum-based structure of the present invention has preferable strength as compared with aluminum metal.

Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been disclosed by the foregoing description and drawings, various additions, many modifications and substitutions can be used in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and are limited by the appended claims. It is to be understood that such changes do not depart from the spirit and scope of the principles of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains will appreciate that the invention can be used to modify many forms, structures, arrangements, proportions, materials, parts and packages. Therefore, the examples disclosed herein should not be considered as limiting the invention, but as illustrating the invention. The scope of the invention is to be limited by the appended claims, including their legal equivalents, and not by the foregoing description.

Claims (6)

  By covering the surface of the aluminum-based metal with borax and heating the aluminum-based metal to exceed the melting point of the borax, an aluminum-based composite is formed, and the borax is flattened on the surface of the aluminum-based metal. A method for manufacturing an aluminum-based composite material to be laid.   2. The method for producing an aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum-based metal is an aluminum metal.   The method according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum-based metal is an aluminum alloy.   After mixing the borax with the ceramic material, cover the surface of the aluminum-based metal and heat so as to exceed the melting point of the borax, the content of the ceramic material with respect to the borax is 0.01 to 90 wt%. The method for producing an aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1.   The method for producing an aluminum-based composite material according to claim 4, wherein the hardness of the ceramic material is higher than the hardness of aluminum.   The ceramic material is silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, boron carbide, zirconium carbide, titanium carbide, beryllium carbide, zirconium boride. (Zirconium boride), titanium diboride (Titanium diboride), rhenium diboride (Rhenium diboride), aluminum boride (Aluminum boride), aluminum oxide (Aluminium oxide), boron nitride (Boron nitride), diamond, and the like. The method for producing an aluminum-based composite material according to claim 4, which is selected from the group consisting of combinations.