JP6658259B2 - Separation device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a separation device for separating a raw material liquid containing a low-boiling component and a high-boiling component into a distillate fluid and a bottom liquid.

  Conventionally, as a device for distillation of alcoholic beverages and petrochemicals, removal of ammonia, and recovery of carbon dioxide, a plurality of shelves are provided at predetermined intervals in a vertical direction in a cylindrical tower. A tray column has been developed in which the contact between gas and liquid (gas-liquid contact) is carried out step by step. In a tray column, a gas layer containing relatively high boiling components is sent to the upper stage, and a liquid layer containing relatively high boiling components flows down to the lower stage. The balance is established.

  In such a tray tower, it is necessary to secure a distance (height of the step) between the shelves at least several tens of cm (for example, about 60 cm) due to the structure of the shelves. When the number of stages is increased, there is a problem that the device itself becomes higher in the vertical direction. Further, the tray tower has a problem that the structure inside the tower is complicated and the apparatus itself requires a large cost.

  Therefore, one end of the flow path inclined vertically downward from one end to the other end is cooled and the other end is heated, and the raw material liquid is introduced from the center of the flow path. A technique for distilling is disclosed (for example, Patent Document 1). In such a technique, the height of the gas layer formed above the flow channel and through which the gas generated by heating the raw material liquid flows is reduced to about several mm, and the surface of the liquid layer in the flow channel is reduced. Gas-liquid contact can greatly reduce the time to reach gas-liquid equilibrium, and the separation performance of low-boiling components and high-boiling components can be improved even when the equipment is downsized compared to a plate tower. It can be maintained or improved.

JP-A-2005-223580

  In the separation device in which the height of the flow path is reduced, there is a need for the development of a technique for reducing the energy required for heating and cooling.

  In view of such problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a separation device capable of reducing energy required for heating and cooling.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a separation device of the present invention is characterized in that a raw material liquid including a first component and a second component having a higher boiling point than the first component flows from one end to the other end. A first flow path flowing through the second flow path, a second flow path stacked below the first flow path via a partition, and a vaporized gas discharged from one end of the first flow path. And a compressor that is introduced into the other end of the first flow path in the two flow paths, and a portion of the second flow path that is the most vertically lower one end side of the first flow path is the second flow path. Is located below the most vertically upper part on the other end side of the first flow path.

  Further, a heat exchange section for exchanging heat between the raw material liquid and a distillate fluid in which the first component has a higher concentration than the raw material liquid discharged from one end side of the first flow path in the second flow path. The raw material liquid that has been heat-exchanged by the heat exchange unit may be introduced into the first flow path.

  Further, a heating unit for heating at least a part of the first flow path and a cooling unit for cooling at least a part of the second flow path may be provided.

  Also, one or more ribs are provided upright in the first flow path from the upper surface of the partition wall and restrict the flow of the raw material liquid in the extending direction of the first flow path. In the first flow path, the flow may flow through a partitioned flow path that is a flow path partitioned by the rib.

  Further, one or a plurality of fins may be provided upright in the second flow path from the lower surface of the partition.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the energy required for heating and cooling.

It is a figure explaining a separation device concerning an embodiment. It is a figure explaining a rib and a fin. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the flow of liquid and gas in a first flow path and a second flow path.

  Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dimensions, materials, other specific numerical values, and the like shown in the embodiments are merely examples for facilitating the understanding of the invention, and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. In the specification and the drawings, elements having substantially the same function and configuration will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted. Elements not directly related to the present invention will be omitted. I do.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a separation device 100 according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 1, a vertical cross-sectional view is shown for the main body 110 for easy understanding. Further, in the following drawings including FIG. 1 of the present embodiment, the X-axis (horizontal direction), the Y-axis (horizontal direction), and the Z-axis (vertical direction) that intersect vertically are defined as illustrated. Further, in FIG. 1, the flow of the liquid is indicated by a solid arrow, and the flow of the gas is indicated by a broken arrow.

  The separation apparatus 100 converts a raw material liquid including a first component (for example, methanol) and a second component (for example, water) having a higher boiling point than the first component into a higher concentration of the first component than the raw material liquid. Is separated into a distillate fluid and a bottom product in which the second component has a higher concentration than the raw material solution. Hereinafter, the first component is referred to as a low boiling component, and the second component is referred to as a high boiling component.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the separation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes a main body 110, a heating unit 210, a cooling unit 220, a raw material liquid introduction unit 230, a compressor 240, a heat exchanger 250, And a part 260.

  The main body 110 includes, for example, a bottom wall 112, an upper wall 114, and a side wall 116 formed of a metal material such as stainless steel, and a space is formed inside. A partition 120 made of a metal material such as stainless steel is provided inside the main body 110. The partition wall 120 divides a space formed inside the main body 110 into two in the vertical direction. As will be described in detail later, of the spaces divided by the partition wall 120, the space located above is the first channel HR, and the space located below is the second channel CR. That is, the end of the second flow channel CR located below the one end of the first flow channel HR is the one end of the second flow channel CR, and the end of the second flow channel CR is located below the other end of the first flow channel HR. The end of the second flow channel CR is the other end of the second flow channel CR. In other words, the end side (the end side in the extending direction of the flow path) closest to the one end side of the first flow path HR is one end side of the second flow path CR, and the other end of the first flow path HR. The end side closest to the side is the other end side of the second flow path CR. In the present embodiment, the first flow path HR (at least the bottom surface of the first flow path HR) and the second flow path CR (at least the bottom surface of the second flow path CR) are connected to one end side (the left side in FIG. 1). ) From the other end side (the right side in FIG. 1), for example, is inclined about 2.5 degrees vertically downward.

  When the separation device 100 is started, the heating unit 210 that heats the other end of the upper wall 114 is driven to heat the first flow passage HR, and the cooling unit that cools one end of the bottom wall 112 is driven. By driving 220, the second flow path CR is cooled, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, heating by the heating unit 210 and cooling by the cooling unit 220 are stopped.

  In the side wall 116 provided on one end side (the left side in FIG. 1) of the main body 110, a raw material liquid inlet 130 is provided above the partition wall 120, and a gas outlet 132 is provided above the raw material liquid inlet 130. Is provided. Further, of the side wall 116 provided on the other end side (the right side in FIG. 1) of the main body 110, a bottom discharge port 134 is provided above the partition wall 120.

  A distillate discharge port 140 is provided below the partition 120 in the side wall 116 provided on one end side of the main body 110. In the side wall 116 provided on the other end side of the main body 110, a gas inlet 142 is provided below the main body 110, and a residue outlet 144 is provided below the gas inlet 142. I have.

  Further, a rib 150 is provided in the first flow path HR, and a rib 152 and a fin 154 are provided in the second flow path CR.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the ribs 150 and 152 and the fin 154, and shows a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the rib 150 is erected from the upper surface of the partition wall 120 in the first channel HR and extends from one end to the other end (from the raw material liquid inlet 130 to the bottom discharge port 134). There are provided a plurality. The plurality of ribs 152 are provided upright from the upper surface of the bottom wall 112 in the second flow channel CR and extend from one end to the other end (from the distillate discharge port 140 to the gas introduction port 142). The plurality of fins 154 are provided upright in the second flow channel CR from the lower surface of the partition wall 120 and extend from one end to the other end.

  Therefore, the raw material liquid introduced into the first flow path HR from the raw material liquid inlet 130 is divided into the first flow path DR1 (partition flow path) which is a flow path partitioned by the rib 150 due to the inclination of the first flow path HR. ). In addition, the liquid (hereinafter, referred to as “residue liquid”) generated in the second flow path CR causes the second partitioned flow path DR2, which is the flow path partitioned by the rib 152, to be inclined by the inclination of the second flow path CR. It will flow. In the present embodiment, the flow rate of the raw material liquid introduced by the raw material liquid introduction unit 230 is an amount that does not overflow the ribs 150 and 152. Therefore, a liquid layer, which is a liquid layer, is formed in the first partition channel DR1 and the second partition channel DR2. However, the liquid layer may overflow above the rib 150 and above the rib 152. The gas (evaporated gas) generated in the first flow path HR flows above the liquid layer, and the gas (evaporated gas) introduced into the second flow path CR similarly flows above the liquid layer. Becomes

  Here, the dimensional relationship between the first flow path HR and the second flow path CR will be described. The distance Wh between the base ends of the ribs 150 (the width of the first partitioned flow path DR1) and the distance between the base ends of the ribs 152 are described. Is, for example, about 1 mm, and the height of the ribs 150, 152 is, for example, about 3 mm. The distance Hh between the tip of the rib 150 and the upper wall 114 and the distance Hc between the tip of the rib 152 and the partition 120 shown in FIG. 2 are about 100 μm to 10 mm.

  Referring back to FIG. 1, the raw material liquid introduction unit 230 is configured by, for example, a pump or the like, and introduces the raw material liquid into the main body 110 (first flow path HR) via the raw material liquid introduction port 130. As described above, in the present embodiment, since the main body 110 (the bottom surface of the first flow path HR) is vertically inclined downward from one end to the other end, the main body 110 is provided through the raw material liquid inlet 130. The introduced raw material liquid flows from one end to the other end of the first flow path HR. Further, since the first flow path HR is heated by the heating unit 210 and the second flow path CR, the raw material liquid is vaporized in the first flow path HR to generate an evaporative gas. The generated evaporative gas is discharged from the gas discharge port 132.

  The compressor 240 compresses the evaporated gas discharged from the gas discharge port 132 and introduces the compressed gas into the main body 110 (second flow path CR) through the gas inlet 142. With the configuration including the compressor 240, the vaporized gas can be compressed and the temperature of the vaporized gas can be increased. Therefore, the evaporative gas introduced into the second flow path CR has a higher temperature than the evaporative gas discharged from the first flow path HR. That is, the second channel CR has a higher temperature than the first channel HR.

  Then, the heat of the second channel CR is transmitted to the first channel HR via the partition 120. Thereby, the raw material liquid in the first flow path HR is heated, and evaporative gas is generated from the raw material liquid.

  Here, the flow of the liquid and the gas in the first channel HR and the second channel CR will be specifically described. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the flow of liquid and gas in the first channel HR and the second channel CR. In FIG. 3, the flow of the liquid is indicated by solid arrows, and the flow of the gas is indicated by broken arrows. In FIG. 3, the ribs 150 and 152 and the fin 154 are omitted for easy understanding.

  As described above, the main body 110 (the bottom surfaces of the first flow path HR and the second flow path CR) moves from one end (the raw material liquid inlet 130 side) to the other end (the bottom liquid discharge port 134 side). As shown in FIG. 3A, the raw material liquid introduced from the raw material liquid inlet 130 flows toward the bottom discharge port 134 by its own weight, and the first flow path HR ( It flows through the first partition channel DR1).

  The first channel HR is heated by the heating unit 210 and the second channel CR. Then, as shown in FIG. 3B, the raw material liquid is heated to the boiling point of the low-boiling component or more when passing through the first flow path HR, and contains a large amount of the low-boiling component from the raw material liquid. A gas (evaporated gas) is generated.

  Since the lower surface of the first channel HR is in contact with the second channel CR over the entire area via the partition wall 120, the entire area is heated. In addition, since the highest temperature evaporating gas, that is, the evaporating gas compressed by the compressor 240 is introduced from the other end of the second flow passage CR, the other end of the second flow passage CR has the highest temperature. Become.

  Therefore, in the first flow path HR, the portion where the other end side of the second flow path CR is laminated, that is, the other end side of the first flow path HR (the can discharge port 134 side) has the highest temperature. Therefore, in the first flow path HR, the amount of evaporative gas generated increases from one end to the other end. Then, in the first flow path HR, a pressure difference is generated between one end (the raw material liquid inlet 130 side) and the other end (the bottom liquid outlet 134 side). That is, in the first flow path HR, the pressure is higher at the other end than at the one end. Thereby, the evaporative gas generated in the first flow path HR flows in a direction opposite to the flow of the liquid, that is, toward one end (the gas outlet 132 side).

  Thus, the evaporated gas flowing toward one end is discharged from the gas discharge port 132 and introduced into the compressor 240. Then, after the vaporized gas is compressed and heated by the compressor 240, it is introduced from the other end side of the second flow channel CR through the gas inlet 142.

  Since the upper surface of the second flow path CR is in contact with the first flow path HR over the entire area via the partition 120, heat is transferred from the second flow path CR to the first flow path HR over the entire area. You. Note that, as described above, the highest temperature evaporating gas, that is, the evaporating gas compressed by the compressor 240 is introduced from the other end side of the second flow channel CR. The end side has the highest temperature. Then, since heat is transferred from the second flow path CR to the first flow path HR, the temperature of the second flow path CR gradually decreases from the other end to the one end (the first flow path HR). In HR, the temperature gradually increases from the other end to the one end).

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3 (c), the evaporative gas is cooled below the boiling point of the low-boiling component when passing through the second channel CR, and the low-boiling component and the high-boiling component are reduced to the second boiling point. The liquid condenses on the upper surface of the two flow channels CR (the lower surface of the partition 120) to become a liquid (residual liquid). That is, the heat of condensation of the evaporated gas is transmitted to the first flow passage HR via the partition 120, and the evaporated gas becomes a residual liquid. Then, the residual liquid generated in the second flow channel CR falls on the bottom surface of the second flow channel CR and flows toward the other end through the second flow channel CR (the second partition flow channel DR2). Becomes

  In this way, the residual liquid flowing toward the other end is discharged from the residual liquid outlet 144, merges with the raw material liquid, and is again introduced into the first flow path HR. That is, in the separation device 100 according to the present embodiment, since the low-boiling component and the high-boiling component condensed in the second flow channel CR return to the first flow channel HR, the reflux is performed. In addition, it is possible to improve the performance of separating low-boiling components and high-boiling components. The reflux amount of the residual liquid is controlled by adjusting the opening of a valve 146 (see FIG. 1) provided in a pipe connecting the residual liquid outlet 144 and the raw material liquid inlet 130.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 3C, the gas (distilled fluid) that has reached one end of the second flow channel CR is discharged to the outside through the distilled fluid discharge port 140. In addition, the liquid that has not evaporated in the first flow path HR is discharged to the outside as a bottom liquid through the bottom discharge port 134, cooled by the cooling unit 260, and then sent to a subsequent process.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the heat exchanger 250 exchanges heat between the distillate fluid (gas) discharged from the distillate discharge port 140 and the raw material liquid before being introduced into the first flow path HR. . Thereby, the raw material liquid can be preheated by the heat of the distillate fluid, and the evaporative gas can be efficiently generated in the first flow path HR. Further, the distillate fluid can be cooled to be a liquid (distillate), and handling of the distillate fluid can be facilitated.

  As described above, according to the separation device 100 of the present embodiment, the evaporative gas generated in the first flow passage HR is compressed by the compressor 240, heated, and introduced into the second flow passage CR. The temperature of the second channel CR can be higher than that of the first channel HR. Further, by the configuration in which the second flow path CR is stacked below the first flow path HR via the partition wall 120, the heat of the second flow path CR is transmitted to the first flow path HR through the partition wall 120, that is, The heat exchange can be performed between the first flow path HR and the second flow path CR. Therefore, the first flow path HR can be heated without separately applying heat from the outside, and the second flow path CR can be cooled without separately cooling from the outside. Thereby, the energy required for heating and cooling can be reduced, and the raw material liquid can be separated (distilled).

  In addition, with the configuration in which the rib 150 is provided in the first flow path HR, the heat transfer area can be expanded, and the heat transfer from the second flow path CR to the first flow path HR can be performed more efficiently. Further, by providing the fins 154 on the lower surface of the partition 120, the heat transfer area can be further expanded, and the heat transfer from the second flow path CR to the first flow path HR can be performed more efficiently.

  Accordingly, the temperature difference (minimum heat exchange temperature difference) between the first flow passage HR and the second flow passage CR can be extremely reduced, and the work of the compressor 240 can be reduced. Thereby, the energy consumption of the compressor 240 can be reduced.

  In addition, the configuration in which the ribs 152 are provided in the second flow passage CR can expand the heat transfer area, increase the heat radiation of the second flow passage CR, and efficiently cool the second flow passage CR. can do.

  Further, the configuration in which the ribs 150 are provided in the first flow path HR and the configuration in which the ribs 152 are provided in the second flow path CR allow the width of the flow path through which the raw material liquid or the residual liquid flows (between the base ends of the ribs 150). Since the distance Wh and the distance Wc) between the base ends of the ribs 152 can be reduced, the raw material liquid and the residual liquid can be rectified, and the heat transfer to the raw material liquid and the residual liquid can be performed uniformly. Becomes

(Modification)
In the above embodiment, the configuration in which the heating unit 210 and the cooling unit 220 are driven only when the separation device 100 is started has been described as an example. However, the heating unit 210 and the cooling unit 220 may be driven even during normal operation (during rated operation). Thereby, the first flow passage HR can be heated and the second flow passage CR can be cooled, and the energy consumption of the compressor 240 can be reduced.

  In addition, the heating unit 210 and the cooling unit 220 are configured by, for example, a heat exchanger, and the heating unit 210 may use waste heat of a facility where the separation device 100 is installed. It is good to use the cooling water of the facility where it is installed. Accordingly, the first flow path HR can be heated and the second flow path CR can be cooled by using the waste heat and the cooling water that are discarded, and the energy efficiency of the entire separation device 100 can be improved. Becomes possible.

  As described above, the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to such embodiments. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the claims, and it is understood that these also naturally belong to the technical scope of the present invention. Is done.

  For example, in the above embodiment, a configuration in which the bottom surfaces (the main body 110) of the first flow path HR and the second flow path CR are inclined vertically downward by about 2.5 degrees from one end side to the other end side will be described. did. However, the bottom surfaces of the first flow passage HR and the second flow passage CR may both extend in the horizontal direction, or the bottom surface of one of the flow passages may be vertically downward from one end to the other end. And the bottom surface of the other flow path may extend in the horizontal direction. Further, the angle of the bottom surface of the first flow passage HR and the angle of the bottom surface of the second flow passage CR may be different.

  In addition, the inclination angle of the bottom surface of the second flow channel CR is a predetermined angle between 0 degree and 10 degrees, that is, the most vertically lower portion of one end side of the first flow channel HR in the second flow channel CR, It is preferable that the second flow path CR be located below the most vertically upper part on the other end side of the first flow path HR. Accordingly, the residual liquid condensed on the upper surface of the second flow channel CR (the lower surface of the partition 120) can be dropped on the bottom surface of the second flow channel CR, and the heat from the second flow channel CR to the first flow channel HR can be reduced. It is possible to avoid a situation where transmission is hindered.

  If the inclination angle of the bottom surface of the second flow channel CR exceeds 10 degrees, the residual liquid condensed on the upper surface of the second flow channel CR does not fall from the lower surface of the partition 120, but flows along the partition 120. Then, heat transfer from the second flow path CR to the first flow path HR is impeded.

  It is also conceivable that the main body is formed of a double pipe, the inner flow path is the first flow path HR, and the outer flow path is the second flow path CR. Is reduced. However, by laminating the first flow path HR and the second flow path CR vertically as in the above embodiment, it is possible to prevent a situation in which the maintainability of both flow paths is reduced.

  In the above embodiment, the dimensional relationship and the inclination angle of the first flow passage HR and the second flow passage CR have been described. , The target separation performance, and the flow rate (processing speed) of the raw material liquid introduced by the raw material liquid introduction unit 230.

  In addition, the space between the tip of the rib 150 and the upper wall 114 in the first channel HR and the space between the tip of the rib 152 and the partition 120 in the second channel CR obstruct the flow of gas. A plate or a porous body may be provided. This makes it possible to improve the gas diffusion rate and improve the performance of separating low-boiling components and high-boiling components.

  In the above embodiment, the configuration in which the rib 150 extends from one end to the other end of the first flow path HR has been described as an example. However, the shape of the rib 150 is not limited as long as the flow of the raw material liquid can be restricted in the extending direction of the first flow path HR (the flow path width direction). Similarly, the configuration in which the rib 152 extends from one end to the other end of the second flow channel CR has been described as an example. However, the shape of the rib 152 is not limited as long as the flow of the raw material liquid can be restricted in the extending direction of the second flow channel CR (the flow channel width direction).

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention can be utilized for the separation apparatus which isolate | separates the raw material liquid containing a low boiling component and a high boiling component into a distillate fluid and a bottoms.

CR second flow path DR1 first division flow path (division flow path)
HR 1st flow path 100 Separation device 120 Partition wall 150 Rib 154 Fin 210 Heating section 220 Cooling section 240 Compressor 250 Heat exchanger

Claims (5)

A first flow path in which a raw material liquid including a first component and a second component having a higher boiling point than the first component flows from one end to the other end;
A second flow path stacked below the first flow path via a partition,
A compressor that compresses the vaporized gas discharged from one end of the first flow path and introduces the vaporized gas to the other end of the first flow path in the second flow path;
With
In the second flow path, the most vertically lower part on one end side of the first flow path is located lower than the most vertically upper part on the other end side of the first flow path in the second flow path. Characteristic separation device. A heat exchange unit that performs heat exchange between the raw material liquid and a distillate fluid in which the first component is discharged from one end of the first flow path in the second flow path and the first component is higher in concentration than the raw material liquid;
The separation device according to claim 1, wherein the raw material liquid that has been heat-exchanged by the heat exchange unit is introduced into the first flow path. A heating unit for heating at least a part of the first flow path;
A cooling unit that cools at least a part of the second flow path;
The separation device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: A first or a plurality of ribs that stand in the first flow path from the upper surface of the partition wall and restrict the flow of the raw material liquid in the extending direction of the first flow path;
4. The separation device according to claim 1, wherein the raw material liquid flows through a defined flow path that is a flow path partitioned by the rib in the first flow path. 5.   The separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising one or more fins erected in the second flow path from a lower surface of the partition.

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