JP6663613B2 - Plant lighting equipment and plant lighting device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to lighting technology for plants, and more particularly to controlling pests that cause harm to plants or promoting plant growth (these are collectively referred to as "promoting plant growth"). Lighting device for plants and lighting device for plants.

  In developed countries such as the Netherlands and Japan, developments are underway to dramatically increase crop production efficiency by combining electronics with conventional agriculture. For example, pests pose a threat to plant growth, and systems for controlling the pests using artificial light instead of conventional spraying of chemicals have been proposed.

  For example, in Patent Literature 1, UV-B light, which is an effective ultraviolet light as a measure against plant pests, is used, and the light distribution can be easily controlled according to the growth of the plant, and the plant grows and approaches the device. There has been proposed a lighting device capable of preventing a leaf burning problem from occurring in a plant.

Further, in Patent Literature 2, similarly, UV-B light is used, and furthermore, by connecting a reflector having a transmission hole to a straight-tube light source, leaf burning of a plant leaf which is close to the light source is performed. There has been proposed a lighting device for controlling plant diseases capable of suppressing the occurrence of plant diseases.
In addition, in addition to the above-mentioned UV-B light for controlling pests, it is known that, for example, when UV-A light is added to visible light as an effective light for promoting the growth of plants, irradiation with the light promotes the growth of the plants. I have.
Further, in Patent Document 3, in any stage of growth of the plant, the light emitting portions 9 of the plurality of lamps 2 are in the unfolded state and the folded state in order to be able to irradiate ultraviolet rays of favorable intensity from the tip to the root of the plant and reduce the manufacturing cost. There is disclosed a plant lighting fixture that can be switched between the above.

  On the other hand, if the irradiation target is not limited to plants, lighting equipment is also used in offices and furniture. For example, in the lighting equipment of Patent Document 4, a light source is provided at an end of a cylindrical light diffusing member having a plurality of through holes. It is arranged so that light diffused from the light source via the light diffusing member is uniformly radiated in all directions.

JP 2012-170361 A JP 2013-126379 A JP 2010-267591 A JP 2013-62084 A

However, although the techniques described in the above-mentioned patent documents show some effects as pest control of plants, it can be said that there is still room for improvement in at least the following points.
That is, as disclosed in Patent Document 2 above, in general, plants are often planted at a relatively high density at a plant growing site, and there is a demand for efficiently diffusing light from a light source to the surroundings. Is persistent.

  However, the lighting fixture disclosed in Patent Literature 1, for example, has a problem that it is difficult to uniformly illuminate the side while much light reaches the upper side of the plant. In addition, since the installation height with respect to the plant can be adjusted, it is possible to prevent the intensity of the irradiation light from becoming too strong, but it is undeniable that a disadvantage that a relatively large-scale device configuration such as a drive mechanism is generated occurs.

  Further, in Patent Literature 2, the light directed to the base table 13 cannot be sufficiently utilized in the first place, and it cannot be said that the light utilization efficiency is high. Further, in Patent Document 2, since the light source is arranged below the plant, light can be irradiated to the side, but depending on the plant, there are many plants whose height is relatively large. On the other hand, a mechanism for adjusting the height must be separately prepared, which increases the cost and makes it difficult to ensure uniformity of the irradiation light.

  Further, in the configuration of Patent Document 3, especially when the apparatus is arranged between plants in a folded state, the intensity of light directly emitted from the light source is inevitably increased due to being too close to the plants, causing leaf burning and the like. Would. Further, it is apparent that when the plants are arranged in the folded state between the plants, uniformity of the irradiation light in the vertical direction is difficult.

  On the other hand, Patent Literature 4 is not necessarily used for plants in the first place, and a tubular light diffusing member having a plurality of through holes is not necessarily optimized for use in plants. As described above, the configuration of Patent Document 4 cannot be applied as it is in terms of effectively utilizing light from a light source for plant use, and it is hard to say that the uniformity of irradiation light in the vertical direction is particularly sufficient.

  The present invention has been made in view of an example of solving such a problem, and irradiates light that promotes plant growth, evenly in the height direction of the plant without excessively increasing the irradiation intensity. It is an object of the present invention to provide a lighting device for plants and a lighting device for plants that can perform the lighting.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a plant lighting device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: (1) a hollow tube having a reflecting surface formed at least inside, and capable of guiding light for promoting plant growth; A main body, a light source insertion portion provided in a region other than the end portion of the cylindrical main body and capable of inserting a light source for irradiating the light, and a cylindrical main body provided on a side surface of the cylindrical main body. A plurality of through-holes that diffuse light from the light source disposed around the light source, and an aperture ratio in a facing portion facing the light source, of a side surface of the cylindrical body in which the through-hole is formed. Is characterized in that the aperture ratio is lower on the end side than on the facing portion.

  In the lighting device for a plant according to (1), (2) the opposed portion includes a first light-shielding region in which the through-hole is not formed, and the tubular main body sandwiches the first light-shielding region. Preferably, a first through-hole region and a second through-hole region are formed on the side surface of the cylindrical main body in the main axis direction.

  Further, in the plant lighting device according to the above (1) or (2), (3) the cylindrical main body is prismatic, and the first outer peripheral surface into which the light source is inserted, the first outer peripheral surface. It is preferable to include a second outer peripheral surface capable of facing the plant in opposition to a surface, and a third outer peripheral surface disposed on both sides of the first outer peripheral surface and the second outer peripheral surface.

  Further, in the plant lighting device according to the above (3), (4) in the tubular main body, the first outer peripheral surface and the second outer peripheral surface are parallel to each other, and the third outer peripheral surface. Are preferably provided in a hexagonal prism shape having a total of 720 degrees of internal angles.

Further, in the plant lighting device according to (4), it is preferable that (5) the through-hole is not formed in at least one of the first outer peripheral surface and the second outer peripheral surface.
Further, in the plant lighting device according to any one of (1) to (5), (6) the side surface of the tubular main body extends along a main axis direction of the tubular main body. It is preferable that a second light-shielding region having a predetermined width in a circumferential direction of the cylindrical main body and not having the through hole is formed.

  Further, in the plant lighting device according to any one of the above (1) to (6), (7) the light source is a light bulb-type lamp, and a central axis of the light bulb-type lamp is the cylindrical main body. The direction is preferably orthogonal to the main axis direction.

  Further, in the plant lighting device according to any one of (1) to (7), (8) the plurality of through holes are formed along a main axis direction of the tubular main body. It is preferable that the center positions of the through-holes adjacent in the main axis direction are arranged on the side surface of the cylindrical main body so as to be staggered along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical main body so as to be shifted in the circumferential direction.

  (9) In the plant lighting device according to (8), (9) the plurality of through-holes extend along the circumferential direction so that a dense region and a sparse region are formed in the circumferential direction. It is preferable that the pitch between adjacent through holes is different.

  In the plant lighting device according to any one of (1) to (9), (10) the opposing portion may have a distance to an upper end and a distance to a lower end of the tubular main body equal. Preferably, it is installed at the center of the tubular main body.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a lighting device for plant according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein (11) a reflecting surface is formed at least inside, and light for promoting plant growth can be guided. A hollow cylindrical main body, provided in a region other than the end of the cylindrical main body, a light source insertion portion capable of inserting a light source for irradiating the light, provided on a side surface of the cylindrical main body, (A) a distance from the light source: any position between 600 mm and 800 mm, and (b) a plurality of through-holes that diffuse light from the light source disposed around the inside of the tubular main body. ) Height: From the lower end to the upper end when the tubular main body is used upright, (c) Width: A range extended by the length of the cylindrical main body on both sides with the cylindrical main body as the center. On the measurement surface installed under specified conditions, the light source When measured the quantity of light emitted to the ambient through, it said the ratio of the average value _{I ave} of the light intensity to maximum _{I max} of the light intensity _(I max _{/ I ave)} is less than 160% I do.

  In order to further solve the above problems, a plant lighting device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a plant lighting device according to any one of the above (1) to (11), and a light for promoting plant growth. And a light source for irradiating light.

  According to the present invention, since the intensity of irradiation light that diffuses from a region close to the light source to the surroundings is suppressed from being too strong, it is possible to prevent the growth of the plant from being adversely inhibited. In addition, since light can be diffused and irradiated uniformly in the height direction of the plant in particular, the productivity can be increased even for plants having a relatively high height.

It is a mimetic diagram of plant lighting equipment ID containing plant lighting fixture 100 concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the light source LS among the plant lighting devices ID. It is a development view of the main parts which constitute plant lighting fixture 100. It is the elements on larger scale which show the arrangement form of the through-hole 12 among the lighting fixtures 100 for plants. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement of a sparse area RA and a dense area CA in a side surface 10b of the tubular main body 10. It is a mimetic diagram of plant lighting equipment ID containing plant lighting fixture 200 concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of a plant lighting device ID including a plant lighting device 300 according to a third embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of a plant lighting device ID including a plant lighting device 400 according to a fourth embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of a plant lighting device ID including a plant lighting device 500 according to a fifth embodiment. It is a figure explaining the irradiation simulation by the plant lighting device ID containing the plant lighting fixture 100, and a graph of a simulation result. It is an image figure at the time of arrange | positioning the plant lighting device ID between plants. It is a schematic diagram of the lighting fixture for plants which concerns on the modification 1. It is a schematic diagram of the lighting fixture for plants which concerns on the modification 2.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described. In each of the drawings, the main axis direction in which the main axis of the tubular main body 10 of the plant lighting device 100 extends is defined as the Z direction, and the directions intersecting with the Z direction are defined as the X direction and the Y direction for convenience. However, these orientations do not limit the technical scope of the present invention in any way.

<< 1st Embodiment >>
The detailed structures of the plant lighting fixture 100 and the plant lighting device ID according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, FIG. 1A is a diagram schematically illustrating the appearance of the plant lighting fixture 100, and FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram illustrating the plant lighting device ID viewed from above the Z axis (above the main axis). FIG. 1C is an external view of the plant lighting device ID viewed from the side (the side of the side surface 10b). As shown in these figures, the plant lighting device ID includes at least a light source LS and a plant lighting fixture 100. Among these, the plant lighting fixture 100 is configured to have at least a tubular main body 10, a light source insertion portion 11, and a plurality of through holes 12.

  FIG. 2 shows an example of a light source LS suitable for the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the light source LS has a function of irradiating light for promoting plant growth. The light emitted by the light source LS is, for example, ultraviolet light. Among these, it is desirable that light in the UV-B region (hereinafter, also referred to as “UV-B light”) having a wavelength effective for controlling pests attached to plants is used in the present embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, UV-B light is used for controlling pests. However, the present invention is not limited to this form. As long as plant growth is promoted, for example, a UV-A region which is a wavelength region that promotes plant growth is used. Light or light in other wavelength ranges may be used.

The specific structure of the light source LS is not particularly limited, but in consideration of cost and availability, a light bulb type light source (a light bulb type UV lamp having a wavelength of UV-B) as illustrated in FIG. Is optimal. In addition, such a light bulb-type light source may have any shape as long as the outer shape is a light bulb. For example, in addition to a light bulb (incandescent bulb), a known light bulb-type halogen lamp, a light bulb-type fluorescent tube, a compact light-emitting tube, a light bulb-type LED, and the like May be applied.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1B, the light source LS is a light bulb-type lamp, and the central axis of the light bulb-type lamp is orthogonal to the main axis direction of the tubular main body 10. Is preferred.

  Note that the light source LS may have a remote controller so that remote control is possible. Thereby, the worker can control ON / OFF of the light emitted from the light source LS of the plant lighting device ID by controlling the switch of the remote controller. Further, if the light source LS is a light source capable of emitting a plurality of types of wavelengths, the wavelength to be emitted can be appropriately switched via the remote controller.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the cylindrical main body 10 has a reflective surface formed at least on the inner side 10 a and has a hollow shape capable of guiding light for promoting the growth of the above-described plant. The tubular main body 10 of the present embodiment has a prismatic shape, and has a first outer peripheral surface P1 into which the light source LS (more specifically, a power cord of the light source LS) is inserted, and faces the first outer peripheral surface P1. It is configured to include a second outer peripheral surface P2 capable of facing a plant P (described later), and a third outer peripheral surface P3 arranged on both sides of the first outer peripheral surface P1 and the second outer peripheral surface P2.

As will be described later in detail, a plurality of third outer peripheral surfaces P3 can be provided. In FIG. 1, a total of four (P3a to P3d) are arranged on both sides of the opposing first outer peripheral surface P1 and second outer peripheral surface P2. I have. In other words, in the cylindrical main body 10 of the first embodiment, the first outer peripheral surface P1 and the second outer peripheral surface P2 are parallel to each other, and a total of four third outer peripheral surfaces P3 are provided to reduce the sum of the inner angles. It can be said that it is a hexagonal column of 720 degrees.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 1A, in the present embodiment, it is preferable that the through-hole 12 is not formed in the first outer peripheral surface P1 and the second outer peripheral surface P2 that can face the plant P. In the present embodiment, the through holes 12 are not formed on both the first outer peripheral surface P1 and the second outer peripheral surface P2. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the through holes 12 are not formed on at least one of them. You may.

  In the cylindrical main body 10 in the present embodiment, the size of the first outer peripheral surface P1 and the size of the second outer peripheral surface P2 are equal, and the four third outer peripheral surfaces P3a to P3d are also equal in size, and It is preferable that the size of the third outer peripheral surface P3 is configured to be larger than the size of the first outer peripheral surface P1. However, the present invention is not limited to this mode, and the cylindrical main body 10 in the present embodiment may have a regular hexagonal column outer shape.

In the cylindrical main body 10 of the present embodiment, it is preferable that a mirror-finished reflection surface is formed not only on the inside 10a but also on the outside 10b.
As a material of the cylindrical main body 10, a material that efficiently reflects light emitted from the light source LS is desirable. In this embodiment, a mirror-finished aluminum plate material having a high reflectance of UV-B light is used. In addition, the cylindrical body 10 having the above-mentioned reflecting surface is also characterized in that the reflectance of UV-B light is 80% or more. This is because if the reflectance of UV-B light is less than 80%, the efficiency of irradiation to plants is poor and the function as a pest control cannot be sufficiently exhibited.

In the present embodiment, aluminum is used as the material of the cylindrical main body 10 from the viewpoint of high reflectance of UV-B light, but is not limited to this material as long as the reflectance of UV-B light is 80% or more. . Further, other known materials such as Ag may be applied in accordance with light in a wavelength range used as illumination.
Further, since the cylindrical main body 10 only needs to be able to secure the reflectance of UV-B light of 80% or more at least on the inner surface of the cylinder, for example, an Al-deposited plate material or an Al-coated plate material obtained by depositing or coating aluminum on a steel plate may be used. Good. In this case, a nickel plating layer, a chromium plating layer, a zinc plating layer, or the like may be further formed on the surface of the steel sheet (under the Al layer) to have an anticorrosion function.

Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the light source insertion section 11 of the present embodiment is provided in a region other than the end portions (10c, 10d) of the tubular main body 10 and can insert the light source LS. It has become.
Here, the “region other than the end” includes a region near the center of the tubular main body 10 described later, and refers to a region of the side surface of the cylindrical main body 10 that is different from the end 10c or the end 10d in the main axis direction.
In the light source insertion portion 11 of the present embodiment, an opening is provided on a side surface (third outer peripheral surface P3) of the cylindrical main body 10, and an opening / closing door 11a is fixed to the side surface of the cylindrical main body 10 so as to open and close this opening. It is formed by being done.

The opening / closing door 11a is provided with a handle 11b, and the operator can grip the handle 11b to open and close the opening / closing door 11a to put the light source LS in and out.
Further, a power cord insertion window 11c is formed on the first outer peripheral surface P1 at a position corresponding to the position of the light source LS disposed inside the cylindrical body 10a. Accordingly, it is possible to supply electric power to the light source LS from the outside in a state where the light source LS is arranged inside the cylindrical main body 10a.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a light source fixing portion 18 is provided at a position corresponding to the opening / closing door 11 a in the inside 10 a of the cylindrical main body 10, and the light source LS of the cylindrical main body 10 is provided by the light source fixing portion 18. It is possible to fix and arrange on the inside 10a. The method of installing the light source LS by the light source fixing unit 18 is not particularly limited, and the light source LS may be fixed via a known fixing means such as a bolt.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of through holes 12 are formed on the side surface of the cylindrical main body 10 of the present embodiment. The plurality of through-holes 12 have a function of diffusing light from the light source LS disposed on the inner side 10a of the tubular main body 10 to the surroundings.
In the present embodiment, among the side surfaces of the cylindrical main body 10 in which the through-holes 12 are formed, the opening ratio of the facing portion 10e facing the light source LS is closer to the end portion (10c side or 10d side) than the facing portion 10e. Side) is lower than the aperture ratio.

The “opening ratio” in the present embodiment refers to, for example, the area occupied by the through-hole 12 in the facing portion 10e.
Further, the “opposing portion” refers to a region on a side surface of the tubular body 10 facing the light source LS when the light source LS is installed on the tubular body 10.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1C and the like, the facing portion 10e is a distance between the upper end (for example, the end 10c side) and a lower end (for example, the end 10d side) of the tubular main body 10. Are installed at the center of the tubular main body 10 so that the values of. Hereinafter, a position that is not an end in the main axis direction of the tubular main body 10 in which the facing portion 10e is arranged will be described as “near the center” of the body.
As shown in other examples described later, the facing portion 10e does not necessarily have to be at the center as the central portion in the main axis direction, and may be appropriately shifted to the upper end side or the lower end side as described above. The definition “around the center” includes such a concept.

Here, since the through-hole 12 is not formed in the facing portion 10e in the first embodiment, the aperture ratio in the facing portion 10e in the present embodiment is zero. In other words, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1C, the facing portion 10e includes a first light-shielding region 13 in which the through hole 12 is not formed, and has a cylindrical shape corresponding to the position of the facing portion 10e. A first through-hole region 14 and a second through-hole region 15 are formed on the side surface of the cylindrical main body 10 in the main axis direction of the cylindrical main body 10 so as to sandwich the first light-shielding region 13 extending in the circumferential direction near the center of the main body 10. Is formed. As described above, in the present embodiment, the region extending along the circumferential direction (or around the main axis) of the cylindrical main body 10 and having no through hole 12 having a predetermined width in the main axis direction is also referred to as a first light-shielding region 13. .
Regarding the width in the main axis direction, in the present embodiment, the facing portion 10e and the first light shielding region 13 have substantially the same size. However, the present invention is not limited to this mode, and the width of the first light-shielding region 13 in the main axis direction may be larger than the width of the facing portion 10e in the main axis direction, or may be smaller.

  In the present embodiment, the through-hole 12 is not formed in the facing portion 10e, but the opening ratio in the region other than the facing portion 10e (end side (10c side or 10d side) with respect to the facing portion 10e) is higher than the opening ratio. As shown in other examples described later, one or a plurality of through holes 12 may be formed in the facing portion 10e.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1C, an end plate 16a is provided at an end portion 10c which is an upper end of the tubular main body 10, and an end plate 16b is provided at an end portion 10d which is a lower end. Note that these end plates 16a and 16b are made of a known metal material having a reflectance of UV-B light of 80% or more, or at least a surface facing the inside of the cylindrical main body 10 is mirror-finished to obtain UV-B light. It is desirable that the reflectance of the B light be 80% or more.
Thereby, the light from the light source LS is reflected to the center by the end plate without leaking and leaking at the end of the cylindrical main body 10, and efficiently from the side surface of the cylindrical main body 10 to the periphery through the through hole 12. It is possible to spread.
Note that the end plates 16a and 16b are not essential, and at least one or both may be omitted as appropriate.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1C, a hanging fixing portion 17 is provided at an end 16 a which is an upper end of the tubular main body 10. The material of the suspension fixing portion 17 is not particularly limited, and various known metal materials can be used.
In the present embodiment, it is possible to use the plant lighting device ID in a suspended state via the suspension fixing portion 17.
In the present embodiment, the suspension type using the hanging fixing part 17 is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this mode. Instead of the hanging fixing part 17, a fixing part capable of standing the plant lighting device ID from the ground is provided at the lower end. May be provided at the end 16b.

<Method of forming tubular main body 10>
Next, a method for forming the tubular main body 10 will be described with reference to FIG.
First, a pair of flat plates having the shapes shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B are prepared by press molding. As described above, a known metal material having a reflectance of UV-B light of 80% or more can be applied to the material of these flat plates.

At this time, in the one flat plate shown in FIG. 3A, a region to which the opening / closing door 11a is attached later and a facing portion 10e (also a first light shielding region 13) are provided at the center, while a plurality of plates are provided on both sides thereof. A through hole 12 is formed, and a first through hole region 14 and a second through hole region 15 are provided, respectively.
In addition, while a region that will later become the second outer peripheral surface P2 is formed on the upper side of the flat plate shown in FIG. 3A, a region that becomes the first outer peripheral surface P1 of the other flat plate is formed below the lower side. A fixed connection area FP is formed.
In addition, there is no particular limitation on a method of fixing the connection area FP to a portion to be the first outer peripheral surface P1 of the other flat plate, and a known fixing means such as riveting or welding may be applied.

Further, in the other flat plate shown in FIG. 3B, an area which will later become the opposing portion 10e (also the first light shielding area 13) is provided in the center so as to correspond to the one flat plate described above. A plurality of through holes 12 are formed on both sides thereof, and a first through hole region 14 and a second through hole region 15 are provided respectively.
In addition, while a region that will later become the first outer peripheral surface P1 is formed on the upper side of the flat plate shown in FIG. 3B, a region that becomes the second outer peripheral surface P2 of one of the flat plates is formed below the lower side. A fixed connection area FP is formed.

In addition, as a fixing method of the portion of the one flat plate to be the second outer peripheral surface P2 and the connection area FP, known fixing means such as riveting or welding can be applied in the same manner as described above.
Further, as is apparent from FIG. 3, in the present embodiment, in the state of a flat plate, a plurality of through holes 12 are provided in the flat plate so as to form a sparse area RA and a dense area CA described later.
Then respectively mountain fold around the center axis CL ₂ using these plates by fixing the mutual connection region FP as described above, the tubular body 10 of this embodiment is formed.

<The form of the through-hole 12 in the side surface of the cylindrical main body 10>
Next, the features of the plurality of through holes 12 formed in the side surface of the cylindrical main body 10 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
First, a plurality of through holes 12 in the present embodiment are formed along the main axis direction (Z direction) of the cylindrical main body 10 and along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical main body 10 (θ _Z direction around the Z axis). The through holes 12 adjacent to each other in the main axis direction are arranged on the side surface of the cylindrical main body 10 so as to be shifted in the circumferential direction so as to be staggered.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the side surface of the cylindrical main body 10 of the present embodiment has a first through-hole region 14 and a second through-hole region 15 in the main axis direction with an opposing portion 10 e interposed therebetween. Is provided.
At this time, when the central axis CL ₁ of the center takes in the circumferential direction of the opposing portions 10e, the first through-hole row M1~Mn of the through-holes 12 in the region 14 (n is a natural number) a predetermined pitch Pt is in the main axis direction ₅ Are arranged side by side. Further, in the second through-hole region 15, column N1 to Nn (n is a natural number) of the central axis CL ₁ of the through from the side hole 12 are arranged side by side at a predetermined pitch Pt ₅ in the spindle direction. In the present embodiment, the distance D ₁ of the from the center axis CL ₁ to the first through-hole region 14, and the distance D ₂ from the central axis CL ₁ to the second through-hole region 15, is set to be equal to each other ing.

Thus, in the present embodiment, the pitch Pt ₅ column M1~Mn in the first through-hole region 14 has a pitch Pt ₅ equal the size of the column N1~Nn in the second through-hole region 15. This makes it possible to substantially uniformly diffuse light in the main axis direction with the opposing portion 10e as a boundary.
In the present embodiment it has been the above such form may be pitch Pt ₅ and the different sizes of the pitch Pt ₅ column N1~Nn column M1~Mn not limited to this aspect.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4A, in the row M1 in the first through-hole region 14, the through-holes 12 having different hole diameters are arranged at different pitches in the circumferential direction.
That is, as shown in the figure, in the row M1, there are a dense area CA in which the through holes 12 are dense and a sparse area RA in which the through holes 12 are less dense than the dense area CA. The through hole 12 between pitches adjacent to each other in the low-density regions RA While that is a Pt _1, the pitch of the through holes 12 adjacent to each other in the dense area CA has a _Pt 2 _{(<Pt 1).}
Further, at this time, it is preferable that the diameter of the through hole 12 in the dense area CA is set to be larger than the diameter of the through hole 12 in the sparse area RA. However, the present invention is not limited to this mode. For example, the hole diameters of the through holes 12 may be equal to each other by making only the density of the through holes 12 different.

The sparse in the column M2 that one shift to the edge 10c side from the column M1 in the region RA, the plurality of through holes at a predetermined pitch Pt ₃ shifted by the form in the circumferential direction with respect to the through hole 12 of the column M1 described above 12 are formed. The circumferential pitch of the through holes 12 in the row M2 is the same as that in the row M1, and a description thereof will be omitted. Similarly, in the column M2 that one shifts from the column M1 to the end portion 10c side in dense region CA, a plurality in the form shifted by a predetermined pitch Pt ₄ in the circumferential direction with respect to the through hole 12 of the column M1 described above A through hole 12 is formed. At this time, in the present embodiment, it is preferable that the pitch Pt ₃ is substantially equal to the pitch Pt ₄ .
The pitch forms between the through-holes 12 in the second through-hole region 15 is the same as the first through-hole region 14 described above (symmetry through the central axis CL _1), a description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the plurality of through holes 12 have different pitches between the adjacent through holes 12 along the circumferential direction so that the dense area CA and the sparse area RA are formed in the circumferential direction.
FIG. 5 shows an example of such an arrangement of the dense area CA and the sparse area RA.
As shown in the figure, the cylindrical main body 10 of the present embodiment has a hexagonal column shape, and includes a first outer peripheral surface P1 on which the light source LS is installed (where the power cord insertion window 11c is formed), and the first outer peripheral surface P1. No through hole 12 is formed in the second outer peripheral surface P2 opposite to.

On the other hand, on the four third outer peripheral surfaces P3a to P3d, a dense area CA and a sparse area RA of the through hole 12 are present, respectively. More specifically, for example, on the third outer peripheral surface P3a, a sparse region RA is provided on the side adjacent to the second outer peripheral surface P2, while a dense region CA is provided on the side adjacent to the third outer peripheral surface P3b. ing.
In the present embodiment, as described later with reference to FIG. 11, the first outer peripheral surface P1 and the second outer peripheral surface P2 are arranged so as to face the plant P (close to other outer peripheral surfaces). At this time, if the intensity of light diffused from the first outer peripheral surface P1 and the second outer peripheral surface P2 is high, the growth of the plant P may be obstructed, such as causing leaf burning.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the above-mentioned adverse effects are eliminated by not forming the through holes 12 in the first outer peripheral surface P1 and the second outer peripheral surface P2. In addition, since it can be said that the first outer peripheral surface P1 and the second outer peripheral surface P2 in the present embodiment do not have the through hole 12 in the main axis direction, the first outer peripheral surface P1 and the second outer peripheral surface P2 will be described later. It can be said that it also functions as the second light shielding area 19.
In addition, as long as the growth of the plant P is not hindered, at least one or both of the first outer peripheral surface P1 and the second outer peripheral surface P2 is not used as the second light-shielding region 19, and the first outer peripheral surface P1 and / or Alternatively, some through holes 12 may be formed in the second outer peripheral surface P2. In other words, the opening ratio on the first outer peripheral surface P1 and the second outer peripheral surface P2 may be lower than the opening ratio on the third outer peripheral surface P3 within a range that does not hinder the growth of the plant P.

Furthermore, the present embodiment is also characterized in that the light intensity is adjusted on the four third outer peripheral surfaces P3a to P3d depending on the degree to the plant P. That is, in the four third outer peripheral surfaces P3a to P3d, the side relatively closer to the plant P is a sparse region RA, and the dense region CA is relatively far from the plant P.
Thereby, the intensity of the light diffused from the four third outer peripheral surfaces P3a to P3d to the plant P can be homogenized, and the pests including the back of the plant P can be appropriately removed without inhibiting the growth of the plant P. It is possible to control.

<< 2nd Embodiment >>
Next, a second embodiment of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In the above-described first embodiment, the outer shape of the cylindrical main body 10 is a hexagonal prism. However, in the present embodiment, the outer shape of the cylindrical main body 10 is mainly a square prism having a rhombic cross section in the horizontal direction (XY directions). There is a feature.
Therefore, in the following, the points different from the above-described embodiments will be mainly described, and members having the same functions as those in the above-described embodiments will be denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be appropriately omitted (the same applies to other embodiments). ).

  That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the tubular lighting device 200 of the present embodiment uses the tubular main body 10 having a rhombic cross section. At this time, as is apparent from FIG. 6A, since the light source LS is installed on two outer peripheral surfaces, these surfaces are defined as a first outer peripheral surface P1, and two surfaces facing the first outer peripheral surface P1 are defined. Are defined as a second outer peripheral surface P2.

FIGS. 6B and 6C show the shapes of the plant lighting fixture 200 viewed from the side in the X direction.
As shown in the drawing, a part of each of the adjacent second outer peripheral surfaces P2 forms a second light-shielding region 19 having a width L1 in the Y direction (the circumferential direction of the tubular main body 10 or the direction around the main axis). I have. Further, a second light-shielding region 19 having a width L1 in the Y direction is also formed by a part of the adjacent first outer peripheral surfaces P1, and a power cord insertion window 11c is formed near the center thereof. I have.
Note that the “second light-shielding region 19” in the present embodiment extends along the main axis direction of the cylindrical main body 10 and has a predetermined width in the circumferential direction or around the main axis of the cylindrical main body 10 (L1 in the present embodiment). ) Means a region in which the through-hole 12 is not formed.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the second light-shielding region 19 formed by two adjacent second outer peripheral surfaces P2 and the second light-shielding region 19 formed by two adjacent first outer peripheral surfaces P1 are Y. The size in the direction is L1 and is set substantially equal.

  Further, on the two adjacent second outer peripheral surfaces P2, a sparse area RA and a dense area CA are formed in order in the Y direction from the second light-shielding area 19 in contact with each other. At this time, as is clear from FIGS. 6B and 6C, the two adjacent first outer peripheral surfaces P1 are symmetrical with respect to a tangent line where they are in contact with each other, and further, the two adjacent second outer peripheral surfaces P1 P2 also has a symmetrical shape centered on the tangent line where the two touch each other.

  Further, opposed portions 10e facing the light source LS are formed on the two second outer peripheral surfaces P2, and the first light-shielding region 13 including the opposed portions 10e is formed with a predetermined width in the main axis direction. The first light-shielding region is also formed with a predetermined width in the main axis direction on the first outer peripheral surface P1 so as to correspond to the first light-shielding region 13 formed on the second outer peripheral surface P2. Further, similarly to the first embodiment, a first through-hole region 14 and a second through-hole region 15 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tubular main body 10 so as to sandwich the first light-shielding region 13.

  The plant lighting fixture 200 according to the second embodiment described above and the plant lighting device ID including the same can also provide effects similar to those of the above-described first embodiment. Further, according to the present embodiment, the width in the Y direction can be smaller than that in the X direction, and an apparatus having a slim profile in a specific direction (Y direction in the present embodiment) can be configured. . Thereby, for example, it is possible to efficiently arrange the plant lighting device ID even for a row of plants having narrow ridges.

<< 3rd Embodiment >>
Next, a third embodiment of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In each of the above-described embodiments, the outer shape of the cylindrical main body 10 is a hexagonal prism and a quadrangular prism, respectively. There is a main feature in the point.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 7A, in the plant lighting fixture 300 of the present embodiment, the light source LS is installed on the first outer peripheral surface P1, and the two first light sources LS are at least partially opposed to the first outer peripheral surface P1. The second outer peripheral surface P2 is arranged non-parallel to the first outer peripheral surface P1. Further, a third outer peripheral surface P3 is disposed between the first outer peripheral surface P1 and each of the second outer peripheral surfaces P2.

FIGS. 7B and 7C show the shapes of the plant lighting fixture 300 as viewed from the side in the X direction.
As shown in the drawing, a part of each of the adjacent second outer peripheral surfaces P2 forms a second light-shielding region 19 having a width L2 in the Y direction. Also, a second light-blocking region 19 having a width L2 in the Y direction is formed by the first outer peripheral surface P1, and a power cord insertion window 11c is formed near the center thereof.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the second light-shielding region 19 formed by two adjacent second outer peripheral surfaces P2 and the second light-shielding region 19 formed by the width of the first outer peripheral surface P1 are in the Y direction. The size is L2 and is set substantially equal.

Further, on the two adjacent second outer peripheral surfaces P2, a sparse area RA and a dense area CA are formed in order in the Y direction from the second light-shielding area 19 in contact with each other. At this time, as is clear from FIGS. 7B and 7C, the two adjacent second outer peripheral surfaces P2 have a symmetrical shape about a tangent line where they are in contact with each other.
On the other hand, in two third outer peripheral surfaces P3 adjacent to the first outer peripheral surface P1, respectively, a sparse region RA and a dense region CA are formed by a plurality of through holes 12 from the boundary with the first outer peripheral surface P1. .

  Further, opposed portions 10e facing the light source LS are formed on the two second outer peripheral surfaces P2, and the first light-shielding region 13 including the opposed portions 10e is formed with a predetermined width in the main axis direction. The first light-shielding region 13 is also formed with a predetermined width in the main axis direction on the first outer peripheral surface P1 so as to correspond to the first light-shielding region 13 formed on the second outer peripheral surface P2. Further, also on the third outer peripheral surface P3, the first light shielding region 13 is formed between the first through hole region 14 and the second through hole region 15, respectively.

  The plant lighting fixture 300 according to the third embodiment described above and the plant lighting device ID including the same can also provide the same effects as the first embodiment. Further, according to the present embodiment, when arranging a plurality of plant lighting devices ID between the ridges of the plant P, for example, by arranging the plurality of plant lighting devices ID in a staggered manner, the intensity of light diffused to the surroundings is increased. It is possible to secure a walking space and a working space for the worker while homogenizing as much as possible.

<< 4th Embodiment >>
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In each of the above-described embodiments, the outer shape of the cylindrical main body 10 is a prism. However, in the present embodiment, a hollow cylinder (a cylinder) that is a circle (or an ellipse) in a horizontal direction (XY directions) is used instead. The main feature is that it is in the shape of a).
That is, as shown in FIG. 8A, in the plant lighting device 400 of the present embodiment, it is difficult to distinguish the first outer peripheral surface P1 and the second outer peripheral surface P2, and the light source LS is positioned at a predetermined position in the circumferential direction. Installed in

FIGS. 8B and 8C show the shapes of the plant lighting fixture 400 viewed from the side in the X direction.
As shown in the figure, first, a second light-shielding region 19 having a width L3 is formed around an area on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical main body 10 where the light source LS (the power cord insertion window 11c) is installed, and the first light-shielding area 19 is formed. The same second light-shielding region 19 is formed as the opposing portion 10e on the side facing the light-shielding region 13 and near the plant P.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the second light-shielding regions 19 having the width L3 in the Y direction are arranged so as to face each other, and the sparse regions RA are arranged in order from the second light-shielding regions 19 in the circumferential direction (θz). And the dense area CA are formed along the circumferential direction.

  On the other hand, in the main axis direction of the cylindrical main body 10, a first light-shielding region 13 is formed around the power cord insertion window 11c, and the first through-hole region 14 and the second through-hole Each of the regions 15 is formed along the main axis direction.

  The same effects as in the first embodiment described above can also be achieved by the plant lighting device 400 according to the fourth embodiment described above and the plant lighting device ID including the same. Further, according to this embodiment, it is possible to further homogenize the light irradiation in the circumferential direction as compared with the above-described embodiments.

<< 5th Embodiment >>
Next, a fifth embodiment of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In each of the above-described embodiments, the through-hole 12 formed on the side surface of the cylindrical main body 10 has the sparse area RA and the dense area CA formed along the circumferential direction θz, but in the present embodiment, instead of this. The main feature is that the pitch between adjacent through holes 12 in the circumferential direction θz is uniform.

That is, as shown in FIG. 9, in the plant lighting device 500 of the present embodiment, in the plant lighting device 100 of the first embodiment, the through holes 12 formed in the third outer peripheral surfaces P3a to P3d are arranged in the circumferential direction. All are sparse regions RA at θz.
In addition, regarding the main axis direction (Z direction) of the cylindrical main body 10, similarly to the first embodiment, a plurality of through holes 12 are formed along the main axis direction (Z direction), and as a staggered arrangement along the circumferential direction theta _Z, it is arranged around the position of the through hole 12 adjacent to the spindle direction is shifted in the circumferential direction on the side of the cylindrical body 10.

Further, also in the present embodiment, the first through-hole region 14 and the second through-hole region 15 are provided in the main axis direction of the cylindrical main body 10 so as to interpose the facing portion 10e that is also the first light-shielding region 13. I have.
In the present embodiment, the through holes 12 formed in the third outer peripheral surfaces P3a to P3d are all sparse regions RA in the circumferential direction θz, but are not limited to this mode, and may be all dense regions CA in the circumferential direction θz. .
The diameter of the through-hole 12 is also not particularly limited, and may be the same diameter in the circumferential direction θz, or the third outer peripheral surfaces P3a to P3d are closer to the plant P than the other hole diameters. A small hole diameter may be used.

<Irradiation simulation experiment using plant lighting device ID>
FIG. 10 shows a result of examining, by simulation, an irradiation state by the plant lighting device ID including the plant lighting device 100 according to the first embodiment as an example. FIG. 10A is a schematic diagram illustrating a measurement environment using the plant lighting device ID in this simulation. As shown in the figure, the measurement environment in this simulation is, for example, a state in which a plant lighting device ID is suspended (a state in which a main axis direction is set vertically) assuming a greenhouse or a plant cultivation factory. The measurement surface MP was placed at a position separated by a predetermined distance from the lighting device ID for use, and the amount of light received on this surface was calculated by simulation.

At this time, the specified conditions of the measurement surface MP are as follows.
(A) distance Dt from light source LS to the center of measurement plane MP: any position between 600 mm and 800 mm,
(B) Height: length T from the lower end to the upper end when the cylindrical main body 10 is erected and used so that the center point of the measurement plane MP faces the light source LS (assumed as a point light source);
(C) Width: a range in which both sides of the cylindrical main body 10 are extended by the length T of the above-described cylindrical main body 10 around the cylindrical main body 10,
And

Here, an example of a usage form of the plant lighting device ID including the plant lighting fixture 100 is shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the plant lighting device ID including the plant lighting device 100 of the present embodiment is used by being installed in, for example, a greenhouse or an indoor or outdoor plant growing place.
At this time, a plurality of plants P are planted in a row separated from each other by a distance X, and the plant P is suspended from the installation location SP via the hanging fixing portion 17 so as to be arranged between the plant rows. Lighting device ID is attached. In addition, as an example of the installation location SP, for example, a ceiling of a plant cultivation site can be exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to this mode, and a configuration in which the installation site is erected on the ground may be used.

The distance X can be calculated backward from the degree of efficient density of the plants P and the scale of the plant cultivation site. At present, the distance X is generally about 120 cm to 160 cm.
In consideration of the background described above, in the simulation in the present embodiment, an arbitrary position where the distance Dt from the light source LS is 600 mm to 800 mm is defined as the measurement plane MP.

FIG. 10B shows a graph of the amount of light calculated on the measurement plane MP.
As is clear from the graph, not only does the light reach the upper and lower ends of the vertical direction (main axis direction, Z direction) of the measurement plane MP, but also the width direction (Y direction) perpendicular to the vertical direction is sufficient. Is spreading. Further, it can be seen that the intensity of the light from the light source LS is also suppressed by the presence of the first light-shielding region 13 and the second light-shielding region 19, because the light irradiated near the facing portion 10e is not too strong.
In other words, according to the above-described simulation results, the light from the light source LS is diffused almost uniformly in all directions, and does not inhibit the growth of the plant P around the plant, but has a sufficient amount of light for controlling pests. Has been proven to be available.

<Light quantity and uniformity in the measurement plane MP>
Further, in the above-described simulation, the amount of light and the degree of uniformity in the measurement plane MP were calculated using the plant lighting devices of some embodiments under the specified conditions in which the distance Dt from the light source LS was changed.
Table 1 shows the calculated light amounts and the degree of uniformity in the measurement plane MP.
In this measurement, the effective range of the measurement surface MP was 1600 mm × 1600 mm, and the length T of the cylindrical main body 10 was 1600 mm.

From the results in Table 1, it is preferable that the degree of uniformity in the measurement plane MP satisfies at least one of the following.
(I _max / I _ave ) is not more than 1.6 (160%) ・ (I _min / I _ave ) is not less than 0.50 (50%) ・ (I _min / I _max ) is 0 .30 (30%) or more

As described above, the plant lighting device of each embodiment includes a hollow cylindrical main body 10 having a reflection surface formed at least on the inner side 10a and capable of guiding light for promoting the growth of the plant P, 10, a light source insertion portion 11 provided in a region other than the end portions (10c, 10d) and capable of inserting the light source LS for irradiating the light, and a cylindrical member provided on a side surface of the cylindrical body 10 And a plurality of through-holes 12 arranged on the inner side 10a of the main body 10 for diffusing light from the light source LS to the surroundings, and installed under the specified conditions specified in the above (a) to (c). On the measurement surface, when the illuminance of light emitted from the light source LS to the surroundings through the through hole 12 is measured on the measurement surface MP, the ratio of the average value I _ave of the light amount to the maximum value I _max of the light amount (I _max / I _ave) is at 160% or less It is characterized by a door.

  Thus, in the present embodiment, the intensity of light diffused into the plant P can be homogenized, and the pests can be appropriately removed over a wide range including the back of the plant P without inhibiting the growth of the plant P. It is possible to control.

  The embodiments described above are merely examples, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Hereinafter, as an example, a modified example that can be appropriately applied to the above embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.

<Modification 1>
FIG. 12 shows a plant lighting device according to a modification.
In each of the embodiments described above, the opposing portion 10e and the first light-shielding region 13 are arranged at the center in the main axis direction.
However, in the present invention, the facing portion 10e and the first light shielding region 13 are located at positions shifted upward or downward from the center (center) in the main axis direction of the cylindrical main body 10 as shown in FIG. You may arrange as vicinity.
Further, as shown in the figure, the end plate 16a may be omitted from the upper end of the tubular main body 10, and the end plate 16b may be omitted from the lower end.

<Modification 2>
Next, FIG. 13 shows a plant lighting device according to a second modification.
In each of the above-described embodiments, the opposing portion 10 e has been described as a region in which the through hole 12 is not formed as the first light shielding region 13.
However, the present invention is not limited to this form, and some through holes 12 may be formed in the facing portion 10e as long as growth of the plant P is not inhibited such as burning of leaves.

In other words, the opening ratio (the rate at which the through-holes 12 are formed) in the facing portion 10e is lower than the first through-hole region 14 and the second through-hole region 15 as long as the growth of the plant P is not hindered. Alternatively, the through hole 12 may be formed as illustrated in FIG.
Further, similarly to the first modification, the end plate 16a may be omitted from the upper end of the tubular main body 10, and the end plate 16b may be omitted from the lower end.

  As described above, the plant lighting fixture and lighting device of the present invention can be widely applied in the field of plant cultivation regardless of the type of plant.

P Plant LS Light source ID Plant lighting device 100 to 400 Plant lighting fixture 10 Cylindrical body 11 Light source insertion part 12 Through hole 13 First light shielding area 14 Second through hole area 15 Third through hole area 16 End plate 17 Hanging Fixing part 18 Light source fixing part 19 Second light shielding area

Claims (12)

At least a reflective surface is formed on the inside, and a hollow cylindrical main body capable of guiding light for promoting plant growth,
A light source insertion portion that is provided in a region other than the end portion of the cylindrical main body and that can insert a light source that irradiates the light,
A plurality of through-holes provided on the side surface of the tubular main body and diffusing light from the light source disposed inside the tubular main body to the surroundings,
A lighting device for plants, characterized in that, among the side surfaces of the cylindrical body in which the through-hole is formed, an aperture ratio at an opposing portion facing the light source is lower than an aperture ratio at an end portion side than the opposing portion. . The facing portion includes a first light-blocking region where the through hole is not formed,
2. The plant lighting device according to claim 1, wherein a first through-hole region and a second through-hole region are formed on a side surface of the cylindrical main body with respect to a main axis direction of the cylindrical main body so as to sandwich the first light-shielding region. . The tubular main body has a prismatic shape,
A first outer peripheral surface into which the light source is inserted, a second outer peripheral surface opposing the first outer peripheral surface and facing the plant, and arranged on both sides of the first outer peripheral surface and the second outer peripheral surface; The lighting device for plants according to claim 1, comprising a third outer peripheral surface. The tubular main body is
The first outer peripheral surface and the second outer peripheral surface are parallel to each other, and
The plant lighting device according to claim 3, wherein the third outer peripheral surface is provided in a total of four, and has a hexagonal prism shape with a sum of internal angles of 720 degrees.   The plant lighting device according to claim 4, wherein the through hole is not formed in at least one of the first outer peripheral surface and the second outer peripheral surface.   On the side surface of the cylindrical main body, there is formed a second light-shielding region that extends along the main axis direction of the cylindrical main body and has a predetermined width in a circumferential direction of the cylindrical main body and does not have the through hole. The lighting device for plants according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the lighting device is a lighting device for plants.   The plant light according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the light source is a light bulb-shaped lamp, and a central axis of the light bulb-shaped lamp is orthogonal to a main axis direction of the tubular main body. Appliances.   The plurality of through-holes are formed along the main axis direction of the cylindrical main body, and are staggered along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical main body so that the centers of the through holes adjacent in the main axial direction are arranged. The plant lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a position of the lighting device is shifted in the circumferential direction and arranged on a side surface of the tubular main body.   The plant lighting device according to claim 8, wherein the plurality of through holes have different pitches between adjacent through holes along the circumferential direction such that a dense region and a sparse region are formed in the circumferential direction.   The plant according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the facing portion is installed at the center of the tubular main body so that a distance to an upper end and a distance to a lower end of the tubular main body are equal. lighting equipment. At least a reflective surface is formed on the inside, and a hollow cylindrical main body capable of guiding light for promoting plant growth,
A light source insertion portion that is provided in a region other than the end portion of the cylindrical main body and that can insert a light source that irradiates the light,
A plurality of through-holes provided on the side surface of the tubular main body and diffusing light from the light source disposed inside the tubular main body to the surroundings,
(A) distance from the light source: any position between 600 mm and 800 mm,
(B) Height: from the lower end to the upper end when the cylindrical main body is used upright,
(C) Width: On the measurement surface installed under the condition defined by a range extended by the length of the tubular main body on both sides with the cylindrical main body as the center, the light source passes through the through hole. A plant characterized in that when measuring the amount of light applied to the surroundings, a ratio of the average value I _ave of the light amount to the maximum value I _max of the light amount (I _max / I _ave ) is 160% or less. Lighting equipment. A lighting device for plants according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
A light source that emits light that promotes plant growth;
Lighting equipment for plants including.