JP6673726B2 - Fire fighting system - Google Patents
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- JP6673726B2 JP6673726B2 JP2016051216A JP2016051216A JP6673726B2 JP 6673726 B2 JP6673726 B2 JP 6673726B2 JP 2016051216 A JP2016051216 A JP 2016051216A JP 2016051216 A JP2016051216 A JP 2016051216A JP 6673726 B2 JP6673726 B2 JP 6673726B2
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Description
本発明は、紙、木材、繊維などが燃える一般火災（Ａ火災）に適した消火システムに関し、特に、消防法施行例別表第一（十七）に挙げられた重要文化財等の建造物の消火に好適な消火システムに関するものである。 The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing system suitable for a general fire (A fire) in which paper, wood, fiber, and the like are burned, and particularly to a building such as an important cultural property listed in Appended Table 1 (17) of the Fire Services Act. The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing system suitable for fire extinguishing.
一般火災の消火設備として、水源から揚水し消火対象物に対し放水して消火する消火設備が広く知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。紙、木材、繊維を材料として構築されている建造物は火の回りが早く、そのため速い消火速度が求められる。また、消防法施行例別表第一（十七）に挙げられた重要文化財等の建造物にあっては、水を被ることによる損失をできるだけ小さくするため、少量の水で消火できるようにすることが求められている。 2. Description of the Related Art As a fire extinguishing system for general fires, a fire extinguishing system that pumps water from a water source, discharges water to a fire extinguishing target, and extinguishes the fire is widely known (for example, see Patent Document 1). Buildings made of paper, wood, and fiber are quick to fire, and therefore require a fast extinguishing rate. In addition, for buildings such as important cultural properties listed in Appendix 1 (17) of the Fire Services Act, fire extinguishing can be carried out with a small amount of water in order to minimize the loss due to water exposure. Is required.
従来、一般火災に対し、速く、且つ少ない量で消火できる消火薬剤として、水に浸潤剤を混合した消火薬剤が知られている（例えば、特許文献２参照）。水に浸潤剤を混合した消火薬剤による消火活動にあっては、水と浸潤剤とを予め所定の割合で混合した消火薬剤を用意しておき、この消火薬剤を火災現場に搬送して消火がなされるか、又は消火薬剤を消火器に充填しておき、火災時に放射するといった消火がなされる（例えば、特許文献３参照）。 Conventionally, as a fire extinguishing agent that can extinguish a general fire quickly and with a small amount, a fire extinguishing agent in which an infiltrant is mixed with water is known (for example, see Patent Document 2). In firefighting activities using a fire extinguishing agent in which water is mixed with an infiltrant, prepare a fire extinguishing agent in which water and an infiltrant are mixed in a predetermined ratio in advance, and transport this fire extinguishing agent to the fire site to extinguish the fire. Fire extinguishing is performed by filling the fire extinguisher with a fire extinguisher and radiating it at the time of fire (for example, see Patent Document 3).
上記のように、従来の水に浸潤剤を混合した消火薬剤による消火活動では、水と浸潤剤とを予め所定の割合で混合した消火薬剤を用意しておき、この消火薬剤を火災現場に搬送して消火がなされるか、又は消火薬剤を消火器に充填しておき、火災時に放射するといった消火がなされる。このため、前者にあっては、火災場所によっては搬送に困難が伴う場合があり火災に対する早急な対応ができず、また、消火薬剤が足らなくなった場合の対応が困難であるといった問題がある。後者にあっては、初期の火災には対応できても、大規模な火災には対応できないといった問題がある。 As described above, in a conventional fire extinguishing activity using a fire extinguishing agent in which an infiltrant is mixed with water, a fire extinguishing agent in which water and an infiltrant are mixed in a predetermined ratio is prepared in advance, and the extinguishing agent is transported to a fire site. The fire is extinguished, or the fire extinguisher is filled with a fire extinguisher and the fire is extinguished in the event of a fire. For this reason, in the former, there is a problem that transportation may be difficult depending on the fire location, and it is not possible to quickly respond to the fire, and it is difficult to respond when the fire extinguishing agent runs short. The latter has a problem that it can cope with an initial fire but cannot cope with a large-scale fire.
本発明の目的は、火災の場所や規模に拘わらず、水と浸潤剤との混合水を必要な量だけ放出することができる消火システムを提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing system that can discharge a required amount of mixed water of water and an infiltrant regardless of the location and scale of a fire.
（１）上記の目的を達成するために、本発明の消火システムは、消火用水圧送管路が設けられている消防ポンプ装置に浸潤剤貯蔵容器を備え、前記消火用水圧送管路には、前記浸潤剤貯蔵容器に貯蔵した浸潤剤を吸引して前記消火用水圧送管路を通る水と混合する浸潤剤混合装置を設け、水と浸潤剤の混合水を放水ノズルから消火対象物へ放出するように構成してある。 (1) In order to achieve the above object, a fire extinguishing system according to the present invention includes a fire-fighting pump device provided with a fire extinguishing water pressure pipeline, an infiltrant storage container, and the fire extinguishing water pressure pipeline includes: An infiltrant mixing device is provided for aspirating the infiltrant stored in the infiltrant storage container and mixing with the water passing through the fire extinguishing water pressure feeding line, and discharging the mixed water of the water and the infiltrant from the water discharge nozzle to the fire extinguishing target. It is configured in.
上記（１）の消火システムによれば、火災現場で水と浸潤剤とを混合し、消火対象物に放出することができる。そして、浸潤剤貯蔵容器に浸潤剤を補充すれば、火災の場所や規模に拘わらず、水と浸潤剤との混合水を必要な量だけ放出することが可能となる。したがって、上記（１）の消火システムを手押しポンプ車、消防自動車や建造物等に適用すれば、従来の一般火災の消火活動のように、予め消火薬剤を調合し、火災現場に搬送し、又は消火器に充填する必要がなくなる。さらに、上記（１）の消火システムは、水源から水を汲み上げて消火対象物に放出するという、従来の消火活動と同様の作業で一般火災の消火を行うことができる。 According to the fire extinguishing system of (1) above, water and an infiltrant can be mixed at the fire site and released to the fire extinguishing target. Then, by replenishing the infiltrant into the infiltrant storage container, it becomes possible to discharge a required amount of mixed water of the water and the infiltrant regardless of the location and scale of the fire. Therefore, if the fire extinguishing system of the above (1) is applied to a hand-pumped car, a fire engine, a building, and the like, a fire extinguishing agent is prepared in advance and conveyed to a fire site as in a conventional general fire extinguishing activity, or There is no need to fill the fire extinguisher. Furthermore, the fire extinguishing system of the above (1) can extinguish a general fire by the same operation as the conventional fire extinguishing activity, in which water is pumped up from a water source and discharged to a fire extinguishing object.
（２）好ましくは、上記（１）の消火システムにおいて、前記消防ポンプ装置が、水源から汲み上げられた水を圧送する放水ポンプを備え、前記浸潤剤混合装置が、前記放水ポンプに圧送される水の流れで駆動し、且つ前記放水ポンプに圧送される水量に応じた量の前記浸潤剤を前記水と混合する構成にするとよい。 (2) Preferably, in the fire extinguishing system of (1), the fire pumping device includes a water discharge pump for pumping water pumped from a water source, and the infiltrant mixing device includes a water pump for water pumping to the water discharging pump. And the amount of the infiltrant according to the amount of water pumped to the water discharge pump is mixed with the water.
上記（２）の消火システムによれば、第一に、浸潤剤混合装置が、前記放水ポンプに圧送される水の流れで駆動するので、浸潤剤混合装置の駆動源が不要となる。第二に、放水ポンプに圧送される水量が変化した場合でも、常に一定の混合比率で浸潤剤と水とが混合される。つまり、上記（２）の消火システムでは、予め設定された混合比率の混合水が瞬時に得られ、混合比率が安定するまでに時間を要しない。 According to the fire extinguishing system of the above (2), first, the infiltrant mixing device is driven by the flow of water pumped to the water discharge pump, so that a drive source for the infiltrant mixing device is not required. Second, even when the amount of water pumped to the water discharge pump changes, the infiltrant and water are always mixed at a constant mixing ratio. That is, in the fire extinguishing system of the above (2), mixed water having a preset mixing ratio is obtained instantaneously, and it does not require time until the mixing ratio is stabilized.
（３）好ましくは、上記（１）又は（２）の消火システムにおいて、前記浸潤剤混合装置が、前記放水ポンプに圧送される水の流れで駆動するポンプ水車と、前記ポンプ水車に駆動され、前記放水ポンプに圧送される水量に応じた量の前記浸潤剤を前記浸潤剤貯蔵容器から吸引する浸潤剤ポンプと、前記ポンプ水車の駆動力を前記浸潤剤ポンプに伝達するための手段と、を含む構成にするとよい。 (3) Preferably, in the fire extinguishing system according to (1) or (2), the infiltrant mixing device is driven by a pump turbine driven by a flow of water pumped to the water discharge pump, and the pump turbine. An infiltrant pump for aspirating an amount of the infiltrant from the infiltrant storage container according to an amount of water pumped to the water discharge pump, and means for transmitting a driving force of the pump turbine to the infiltrant pump. It is good to have a configuration including.
上記（３）の消火システムによれば、ポンプ水車及び浸潤剤ポンプに専用の駆動源が不要となる。この結果、上記（１）〜（３）の全ての構成を備えた消火システムでは、浸潤剤混合装置が、水源から汲み上げられた水の流れのみで駆動し、駆動を開始した直後から、常に一定の混合比率の混合水を放出するようになる。 According to the fire extinguishing system of the above (3), a dedicated drive source is not required for the pump turbine and the infiltrant pump. As a result, in the fire extinguishing system having all of the above configurations (1) to (3), the infiltrant mixing device is driven only by the flow of the water pumped up from the water source, and is always constant immediately after starting the driving. The mixed water of the mixing ratio is released.
（４）好ましくは、上記（３）の消火システムにおいて、前記ポンプ水車が、前記放水ポンプに圧送される水の流れで駆動するベーンポンプである構成にするとよい。 (4) Preferably, in the fire extinguishing system of (3), the pump turbine is a vane pump driven by a flow of water pumped to the water discharge pump.
上記（４）の消火システムでは、ポンプ水車としてのベーンポンプが、水源から汲み上げられた水の流れのみで駆動する。上記（２）の構成を備える場合は、ポンプ水車の駆動力が浸潤剤ポンプに伝達され、浸潤剤ポンプがベーンポンプに連動する。これにより、浸潤剤ポンプが、ベーンポンプに圧送される水量に応じた量の浸潤剤を送り出し水と混合する。 In the fire extinguishing system of the above (4), the vane pump as a pump turbine is driven only by the flow of water pumped from the water source. When the configuration of the above (2) is provided, the driving force of the pump turbine is transmitted to the infiltrant pump, and the infiltrant pump is interlocked with the vane pump. Thereby, the infiltrant pump sends out the infiltrant in an amount corresponding to the amount of water pumped to the vane pump and mixes it with the water.
（５）好ましくは、上記（１）〜（４）のいずれかの消火システムにおいて、前記浸潤剤ポンプが、前記ポンプ水車に連動し、前記ポンプ水車に圧送される水量に応じた量の前記浸潤剤を前記浸潤剤貯蔵容器から吸引するピストンポンプを備えた構成にするとよい。 (5) Preferably, in the fire extinguishing system according to any one of (1) to (4), the infiltrant pump is interlocked with the pump turbine and has an amount corresponding to an amount of water pumped to the pump turbine. It is preferable that a piston pump for sucking the agent from the infiltrant storage container be provided.
上記（５）の消火システムでは、浸潤剤混合装置としてのピストンポンプが、ポンプ水車に圧送される水量に応じた量の浸潤剤を浸潤剤貯蔵容器から吸引し、浸潤剤と水との混合比率を常に一定に保つ。 In the fire extinguishing system of the above (5), the piston pump as the infiltrant mixing device sucks the infiltrant in an amount corresponding to the amount of water pumped to the pump turbine from the infiltrant storage container, and mixes the infiltrant with water. Is always kept constant.
（６）好ましくは、上記（１）〜（５）のいずれかの消火システムにおいて、前記消火対象物が、日本国の文化財保護法の規定によって重要文化財、重要有形民俗文化財、史跡若しくは重要な文化財として指定され、又は旧重要美術品等の保存に関する法律の規定によって重要美術品として認定された建造物であるとよい。 (6) Preferably, in the fire extinguishing system according to any one of the above (1) to (5), the fire extinguishing object is an important cultural property, an important tangible folk cultural property, a historic site, or the like according to the provisions of the Cultural Property Protection Law of Japan. The building may be designated as an important cultural property or recognized as an important art object by the provisions of the Act on the Preservation of Old Important Art Objects.
上述したように、上記（１）〜（５）の消火システムは、いずれも火災現場で水と浸潤剤とを混合し、消火対象物に放出することができる。水と浸潤剤との混合水は、紙、木材、繊維などが燃える一般火災に有効であり、特に、上記（６）に挙げた重要文化財などの建造物の消火に好適である。すなわち、上記（１）〜（５）の消火システムは、浸潤剤貯蔵容器に浸潤剤を補充すれば、火災の場所や規模に拘わらず、水と浸潤剤との混合水を必要量だけ放出することが可能であり、上記（６）に挙げた重要文化財などの建造物を火災被害から救済するための最も有効な防火設備である。 As described above, all of the fire extinguishing systems of (1) to (5) can mix water and an infiltrant at a fire site and discharge the mixture to a fire extinguishing object. The mixed water of the water and the infiltrant is effective for general fires in which paper, wood, fibers, and the like burn, and is particularly suitable for extinguishing buildings such as the important cultural properties mentioned in (6) above. That is, the fire extinguishing system of the above (1) to (5) discharges a required amount of mixed water of the water and the infiltrant irrespective of the location and scale of the fire, if the infiltrant storage container is supplemented with the infiltrant. This is the most effective fire protection facility for relieving buildings such as the important cultural properties listed in (6) above from fire damage.
本発明の消火システムによれば、水源から汲み上げられた水に浸潤剤を混合して、消火対象物に放出することが可能である。すなわち、予め用意した消火薬剤を火災現場に搬送する必要がない。また、浸潤剤貯蔵容器に浸潤剤を補充することで、火災の規模に拘わらず、水と浸潤剤との混合水を必要な量だけ放出することができる。さらに、本発明の消火システムは、従来の消火活動と同様に、水源から水を汲み上げて消火対象に放出することで、一般火災の消火を行うことができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the fire extinguishing system of this invention, it is possible to mix an infiltrant with the water pumped from the water source, and to discharge it to the fire extinguishing object. That is, there is no need to transport a prepared fire extinguishing agent to a fire site. Further, by replenishing the infiltrant into the infiltrant storage container, a required amount of mixed water of the water and the infiltrant can be discharged regardless of the scale of the fire. Further, the fire extinguishing system of the present invention can extinguish a general fire by pumping water from a water source and discharging it to a fire extinguishing target, similarly to the conventional fire extinguishing activity.
＜第一実施形態＞
以下、本発明の第一実施形態に係る消火システムについて、図１を参照して説明する。
<First embodiment>
Hereinafter, a fire extinguishing system according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
本例の消火システム１は、消火用水圧送管路２が設けられている消防ポンプ装置３に浸潤剤貯蔵容器４を備え、消火用水圧送管路２には、浸潤剤貯蔵容器４に貯蔵した浸潤剤を吸引して消火用水圧送管路２を通る水と混合する浸潤剤混合装置５を設け、水と浸潤剤の混合水を放水ノズル６から放出するように構成されている。 In the fire extinguishing system 1 of this example, a fire-fighting pump device 3 provided with a fire-extinguishing water pressure pipeline 2 is provided with an infiltrant storage container 4. An infiltrant mixing device 5 that sucks the agent and mixes it with water passing through the fire extinguishing water pressure pipe 2 is provided, and is configured to discharge a mixed water of the water and the infiltrant from a water discharge nozzle 6.
消防ポンプ装置３にあっては、本例では、揚水ポンプ７と放水ポンプ８を備え、放水ポンプ８の二次側に消火用水圧送管路２が接続されている。揚水ポンプ７には揚水ホース９が接続され、揚水ポンプ７の駆動により水源１０から水を汲み上げるようになっている。また、消火用水圧送管路２には放水ホース１１が接続され、放水ポンプ８の駆動により揚水ポンプ７で汲み上げた水を、消火用水圧送管路２を介して放水ホース１１に圧送し、放水ホース１１の先端に設けた放水ノズル６から放水するように構成されている。 In the present embodiment, the fire fighting pump device 3 includes a water pump 7 and a water discharge pump 8, and the fire extinguishing water pressure transmission line 2 is connected to the secondary side of the water discharge pump 8. A pumping hose 9 is connected to the pumping pump 7, and pumps water from a water source 10 by driving the pumping pump 7. Further, a water discharge hose 11 is connected to the fire extinguishing water pressure transmission line 2, and water pumped by the water pump 7 driven by the water discharge pump 8 is pressure-fed to the water discharging hose 11 via the fire extinguishing water pressure transmission line 2. It is configured to discharge water from a water discharge nozzle 6 provided at the tip of the eleventh.
消火用水圧送管路２に設けられ、浸潤剤貯蔵容器４に貯蔵した浸潤剤を吸引して消火用水圧送管路２を通る水と混合する浸潤剤混合装置５は、浸潤剤貯蔵容器４に貯蔵した浸潤剤を吸引して消火用水圧送管路２を通る水と所定の混合率で混合できるものであれば特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、泡消火設備の泡消火薬剤混合システムで使用される混合装置を用いることができる。 An infiltrant mixing device 5 that is provided in the fire extinguishing water pumping line 2 and sucks the infiltrant stored in the infiltrating agent storage container 4 and mixes with the water passing through the fire extinguishing water pumping line 2 is stored in the infiltrant storing container 4. It is not particularly limited as long as it can be mixed with water passing through the fire extinguishing water pressure supply pipe 2 at a predetermined mixing ratio by sucking the infiltrant that has been used, and is used, for example, in a foam extinguishing agent mixing system of foam extinguishing equipment. Can be used.
また、浸潤剤貯蔵容器４に貯蔵した浸潤剤にあっては、従来、消火薬剤に添加されている公知の浸潤剤が使用され、浸潤剤となる代表的な化学物質として、リン酸アンモニウム、硫酸アンモニウム等が挙げられる。また、消火用水圧送管路２を通る水と混合する浸潤剤の混合率は、従来、消火薬剤に添加されている浸潤剤と同じ混合率で混合される。
このように構成された消火システム１は、消防自動車に備えられ、また、建造物等の近傍に設置される。
As the infiltrant stored in the infiltrant storage container 4, a known infiltrant conventionally added to a fire extinguishing agent is used, and typical chemical substances serving as infiltrant include ammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfate. And the like. Further, the mixing ratio of the infiltrant mixed with the water passing through the fire extinguishing water pressure-feeding pipeline 2 is conventionally mixed at the same mixing ratio as the infiltrant added to the fire extinguishing agent.
The fire extinguishing system 1 configured as described above is provided in a fire engine and is installed near a building or the like.
このように構成された消火システム１によれば、放水ポンプ８の駆動により揚水ポンプ７で汲み上げた水は、放水ポンプ８の二次側に接続された消火用水圧送管路２を通る過程で、消火用水圧送管路２に設けられている浸潤剤混合装置５により浸潤剤貯蔵容器４から吸引された浸潤剤と混合され、放水ホース１１の先端に設けた放水ノズル６から水と浸潤剤を混合した混合水が放水されるので、消火能力が向上し、消火時間の短縮や水使用の少量化が図れることになり、紙、木材、繊維等を材料として構築されている建造に有効であり、特に、文化財の消火には最適である。 According to the fire extinguishing system 1 configured as described above, the water pumped up by the water pump 7 driven by the water discharge pump 8 passes through the fire extinguishing water pressure transmission line 2 connected to the secondary side of the water discharge pump 8. The water is mixed with the infiltrant sucked from the infiltrant storage container 4 by the infiltrant mixing device 5 provided in the fire-extinguishing water pressure supply line 2, and mixed with water and the infiltrant from the water discharge nozzle 6 provided at the tip of the water discharge hose 11. Since the mixed water is discharged, the fire extinguishing ability is improved, the fire extinguishing time can be shortened and the amount of water used can be reduced, and it is effective for building constructed with paper, wood, fiber, etc., It is particularly suitable for extinguishing cultural properties.
また、本発明に係る消火システムは、従来の一般火災用の消火設備に、浸潤剤貯蔵容器を備え、消火用水圧送管路に浸潤剤混合装置を設けるだけで実施することができ、火災の規模に拘わらず、水に浸潤剤を混合した混合水を必要量放出することができ、また、従来行われている一般火災の消火活動と同じ作業で行えるので、火災場所の環境の影響を受けることなく、容易に消火活動を行うことができる。 In addition, the fire extinguishing system according to the present invention can be implemented simply by providing a conventional fire extinguishing system for general fires with an infiltrant storage container and providing an infiltrant mixing device in a fire extinguishing water pressure pipeline. Regardless, the required amount of mixed water, in which an infiltrant is mixed with water, can be released, and it can be performed in the same way as a conventional fire fighting operation for general fires. And fire extinguishing activities can be performed easily.
＜第二実施形態＞
次に、本発明の第二実施形態に係る消火システムについて、図２を参照して説明する。本実施形態では、上述した浸潤剤混合装置５の具体的な構成を例示する。本実施形態において、第一実施形態と同一の構成要素については、同一の符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。
<Second embodiment>
Next, a fire extinguishing system according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, a specific configuration of the infiltrant mixing device 5 described above will be exemplified. In the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted.
本実施形態の消火システム１は、図２に示す構成の浸潤剤混合装置５を備える。浸潤剤混合装置５は、主として、ポンプ水車５１、カップリング５２及び浸潤剤ポンプ５３からなる。図中の細線で囲ったように、ポンプ水車５１、カップリング５２及び浸潤剤ポンプ５３が、機械的に一纏まりの構造体となって、浸潤剤混合装置５を構成する。この浸潤剤混合装置５は、管路及びホースを介して、放水ポンプ８、浸潤剤貯蔵容器４及び放水ノズル６が接続される。 The fire extinguishing system 1 of the present embodiment includes an infiltrant mixing device 5 having a configuration shown in FIG. The infiltrant mixing device 5 mainly includes a pump water wheel 51, a coupling 52 and an infiltrant pump 53. As surrounded by a thin line in the figure, the pump water wheel 51, the coupling 52, and the infiltrant pump 53 mechanically form a united structure, and constitute the infiltrant mixing device 5. In this infiltrant mixing device 5, a water discharge pump 8, a water infiltrant storage container 4, and a water discharge nozzle 6 are connected via a pipe and a hose.
ここで、浸潤剤混合装置５との接続に用いられる管路及びホースは、液体が通過可能であれば、特に限定されない。また、水源１０及び浸潤剤貯蔵容器４も、常時、水又は浸潤剤を貯蔵することができるものであれば、特に限定されない。つまり、水源１０及び浸潤剤貯蔵容器４が、浸潤剤混合装置５専用に設計された水源や貯蔵容器である必要はない。例えば、消火対象物、又は浸潤剤混合装置５の設置場所の付近に設けられた、既存の水源や貯蔵容器を適用することが可能である。 Here, the conduit and hose used for connection with the infiltrant mixing device 5 are not particularly limited as long as the liquid can pass through. Further, the water source 10 and the infiltrant storage container 4 are not particularly limited as long as they can always store water or the infiltrant. That is, the water source 10 and the infiltrant storage container 4 do not need to be water sources and storage containers designed specifically for the infiltrant mixing device 5. For example, it is possible to apply an existing water source or storage container provided near the fire extinguishing target or the installation location of the infiltrant mixing device 5.
本実施形態のポンプ水車５１として、例えば、ベーンポンプが用いられる。ポンプ水車５１の流入口は、消火用水圧送管路２を介して、放水ポンプ８に接続される。一方、ポンプ水車５１の流出口は、放水ホース１１を介して、放水ノズル６に接続される。ベーンポンプであるポンプ水車５１は、放水ポンプ８から供給される水の流れで駆動する。ポンプ水車５１が回転する速さは、放水ポンプ８から供給される水の体積流量に比例する。水源１０から汲み上げられ、ポンプ水車５１に圧送される水の流れを、図２中の白抜き片矢印で示す。 As the pump turbine 51 of the present embodiment, for example, a vane pump is used. The inflow port of the pump turbine 51 is connected to the water discharge pump 8 via the fire extinguishing hydraulic pressure transmission line 2. On the other hand, the outlet of the pump turbine 51 is connected to the water discharge nozzle 6 via the water discharge hose 11. The pump turbine 51, which is a vane pump, is driven by the flow of water supplied from the water discharge pump 8. The speed at which the pump turbine 51 rotates is proportional to the volume flow rate of the water supplied from the water discharge pump 8. The flow of water pumped up from the water source 10 and pumped to the pump turbine 51 is shown by a white arrow in FIG.
一方、本実施形態の浸潤剤ポンプ５３には、例えば、ピストンポンプが用いられる。浸潤剤ポンプ５３は、図示しない回転軸により駆動されるピストンを備える（図２中の小さな白抜き両矢印を参照）。浸潤剤ポンプ５３の回転軸は、カップリング５２を介して、ポンプ水車５１の回転軸に結合される。この構成により、ピストンポンプである浸潤剤ポンプ５３は、ポンプ水車５１に連動し、ポンプ水車５１に圧送される水量に応じた量の浸潤剤を浸潤剤貯蔵容器４から吸引する。この結果、ポンプ水車５１に圧送される水量に応じた量の浸潤剤が、水と混合される。浸潤剤貯蔵容器４から吸引され、ポンプ水車５１に圧送される水に混合される浸潤剤の流れを、図２中の墨塗り片矢印で示す。水と浸潤剤との混合水は、放水ノズル６から図示しない消火対象物に放出される。 On the other hand, as the infiltrant pump 53 of the present embodiment, for example, a piston pump is used. The infiltrant pump 53 includes a piston driven by a rotating shaft (not shown) (see small double-headed arrows in FIG. 2). The rotation axis of the infiltrant pump 53 is connected to the rotation axis of the pump turbine 51 via the coupling 52. With this configuration, the infiltrant pump 53, which is a piston pump, interlocks with the pump turbine 51, and sucks the infiltrant from the infiltrant storage container 4 in an amount corresponding to the amount of water pumped to the pump turbine 51. As a result, the infiltrant in an amount corresponding to the amount of water pumped to the pump turbine 51 is mixed with the water. The flow of the infiltrant mixed with the water sucked from the infiltrant storage container 4 and pumped to the pump turbine 51 is indicated by a black arrow in FIG. The mixed water of the water and the infiltrant is discharged from the water discharge nozzle 6 to a fire extinguishing object (not shown).
上述した本実施形態の浸潤剤混合装置５は、放水ポンプ８から供給される水の流れで駆動し、常に一定の混合比率で浸潤剤と水とが混合される、という効果を奏する。第一に、ポンプ水車５１は、放水ポンプ８から供給される水の流れで駆動し、この駆動力で、浸潤剤ポンプ５３を連動させる。したがって、ポンプ水車５１及び浸潤剤ポンプ５３に専用の駆動源が不要となる。第二に、ポンプ水車５１に圧送される水量が変化した場合でも、常に一定の混合比率で浸潤剤と水とが混合される。つまり、本実施形態の浸潤剤混合装置５では、予め設定された混合比率の混合水が瞬時に得られ、混合比率が安定するまでに時間を要しない。この結果、浸潤剤混合装置５が駆動を開始した直後から、常に一定の混合比率の混合水が放出されるようになる。 The infiltrant mixing device 5 of the present embodiment described above is driven by the flow of water supplied from the water discharge pump 8, and has an effect that the infiltrant and water are always mixed at a constant mixing ratio. First, the pump turbine 51 is driven by the flow of water supplied from the water discharge pump 8, and the driving force causes the infiltrant pump 53 to interlock. Therefore, a dedicated drive source is not required for the pump turbine 51 and the infiltrant pump 53. Second, even when the amount of water pumped to the pump turbine 51 changes, the infiltrant and the water are always mixed at a constant mixing ratio. That is, in the infiltrant mixing apparatus 5 of the present embodiment, mixed water having a preset mixing ratio is obtained instantaneously, and it does not require time until the mixing ratio is stabilized. As a result, immediately after the infiltrant mixing device 5 starts to be driven, mixed water having a constant mixing ratio is always discharged.
ここで、水と浸潤剤との混合比率は、消火対象物の性質を考慮して、本消火システム１のユーザが自由に設定することが可能である。水に対する浸潤剤の混合比率は、例えば、２０〜５０％にするとよい。また、浸潤剤として、例えば、メチル燐酸エステルのアンモニア塩と、モノエタノールアミンの燐酸反応液のアンモニウム付加物との一方又は両方を適用することができる。 Here, the user of the fire extinguishing system 1 can freely set the mixing ratio between water and the infiltrant in consideration of the properties of the fire extinguishing target. The mixing ratio of the wetting agent to water may be, for example, 20 to 50%. As the infiltrating agent, for example, one or both of an ammonium salt of methyl phosphate and an ammonium adduct of a phosphoric acid reaction solution of monoethanolamine can be used.
上記の組成の浸潤剤を、上記の混合比率で水に加えることにより、第一に、水を多く含むので大きな蒸発潜熱を発生させることができ、可燃物に対する冷却効果が発揮される。第二に、浸潤剤に含まれる特殊な燐酸塩類が加熱分解され、可燃物の表面に皮膜が形成される。これにより、可燃物への酸素の供給が遮断され、且つ輻射熱の伝播が防止される。第三に、高温における燐酸化物（Ｐ２Ｏ５）の脱水作用により、可燃物を難燃化させることができ、可燃物の再燃が防止される。第四に、特殊な燐酸塩類が加熱分解される過程において、不燃性又は難燃性ガスが生成される。この中間生成物である不燃性又は難燃性ガスは、酸化の連鎖反応、すなわち、燃焼の継続を断ち切る負触媒効果（抑制消火）を発揮する。さらに、不燃性又は難燃性ガスは、酸素などの支燃性ガスを希釈する効果もある。 By adding the infiltrant having the above composition to water in the above mixing ratio, first, since it contains a large amount of water, a large latent heat of vaporization can be generated, and a cooling effect on combustibles is exhibited. Secondly, special phosphates contained in the infiltrant are thermally decomposed to form a film on the surface of the combustible. As a result, the supply of oxygen to the combustibles is shut off, and the propagation of radiant heat is prevented. Third, combustibles can be made flame-retardant due to the dehydration effect of the phosphorous oxide (P 2 O 5 ) at high temperatures, and re-burning of the combustibles is prevented. Fourth, non-combustible or flame-retardant gases are generated in the process of specially decomposing phosphates. The non-combustible or flame-retardant gas, which is an intermediate product, exhibits a chain reaction of oxidation, that is, a negative catalytic effect (suppression-extinguishing) for stopping continuation of combustion. Further, the non-combustible or non-flammable gas has an effect of diluting a supporting gas such as oxygen.
＜消火システムの用途＞
上述したように、第一及び第二実施形態の消火システムは、いずれも火災現場で水と浸潤剤とを混合し、消火対象物に放出することができる。水と浸潤剤との混合水は、紙、木材、繊維などが燃える一般火災に有効であり、特に、消防法施行例別表第一（十七）に挙げられた重要文化財などの建造物の消火に好適である。すなわち、第一及び第二実施形態の消火システムは、浸潤剤貯蔵容器４に浸潤剤を補充すれば、火災の場所や規模に拘わらず、水と浸潤剤との混合水を必要量だけ放出することが可能であり、重要文化財などの建造物を火災被害から救済するための最も有効な防火設備である。
<Use of fire suppression system>
As described above, both the fire extinguishing systems of the first and second embodiments can mix water and an infiltrant at a fire site and discharge the mixture to a fire extinguishing object. The mixed water of water and infiltrant is effective for general fires in which paper, wood, fiber, etc. burn, especially for buildings such as important cultural properties listed in Appendix 1 (17) Suitable for fire extinguishing. That is, the fire extinguishing systems of the first and second embodiments discharge only a required amount of mixed water of water and the infiltrant, regardless of the location and scale of the fire, if the infiltrant storage container 4 is supplemented with the infiltrant. It is the most effective fire protection equipment to save buildings such as important cultural properties from fire damage.
＜その他の変更＞
本発明の消火システム、これを構成する消防ポンプ装置及び浸潤剤混合装置は、上述した第一及び第二実施形態の構成に限定されるものではない。例えば、揚水及び放水のためのポンプは、揚水ポンプ７及び放水ポンプ８の二つに限らない。揚水及び放水を単一のポンプで行う構成としてもよいし、又は揚水及び放水を三つ以上のポンプで行う構成としてもよい。また、本発明の消火システムは、消防ポンプ装置３を台車に設置した、手押しポンプ車の形態で実施することが可能である。手押しポンプ車の形態とすることにより、火災現場への機動性が高まる。これに加え、本発明の消火システムに用いる水源は、特に限定されるものではない。例えば、消防用水、貯水槽、消火栓といった人工の防火水槽に加え、川や池のような無限水利を利用してもよい。
<Other changes>
The fire-extinguishing system of the present invention, the fire-fighting pump device and the infiltrant mixing device that constitute it are not limited to the above-described first and second embodiments. For example, the pumps for pumping and discharging water are not limited to the two pumps 7 and 8. Pumping and discharging water may be performed by a single pump, or pumping and discharging water may be performed by three or more pumps. Further, the fire extinguishing system of the present invention can be embodied in the form of a hand-operated pump truck in which the fire-fighting pump device 3 is installed on a bogie. By adopting the form of a hand-pumped truck, mobility to a fire spot is enhanced. In addition, the water source used in the fire extinguishing system of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, in addition to artificial fire water tanks such as fire water, water storage tanks, and fire hydrants, infinite water resources such as rivers and ponds may be used.
１ 消火システム
２ 消火用水圧送管路
３ 消防ポンプ装置
４ 浸潤剤貯蔵容器
５ 浸潤剤混合装置
５１ ポンプ水車（ベーンポンプ）
５２ カップリング
５３ 浸潤剤ポンプ（ピストンポンプ）
６ 放水ノズル
７ 揚水ポンプ
８ 放水ポンプ
９ 揚水ホース
１０ 水源
１１ 放水ホース
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fire extinguishing system 2 Fire extinguishing water pressure pipeline 3 Fire pumping device 4 Infiltrant storage container 5 Infiltrant mixing device 51 Pump turbine (vane pump)
52 Coupling 53 Infiltrant pump (piston pump)
6 water discharge nozzle 7 water pump 8 water discharge pump 9 water supply hose 10 water source 11 water discharge hose
Claims (2)
前記消防ポンプ装置が、水源から汲み上げられた水を圧送する放水ポンプを備え、
前記浸潤剤混合装置が、前記放水ポンプに圧送される水の流れで駆動するベーンポンプと、前記ベーンポンプに連動して駆動され、前記ベーンポンプに圧送される水量に応じた量の前記浸潤剤を前記浸潤剤貯蔵容器から吸引し、前記放水ポンプに圧送される水量に応じた量の前記浸潤剤を前記水と混合するピストンポンプと、前記ベーンポンプの駆動力を前記ピストンポンプに伝達するカップリングと、を含み、
前記浸潤剤混合装置が駆動を開始した直後から、常に一定の混合比率の混合水が放出され、前記混合水の水に対する前記浸潤剤の混合比率は、２０〜５０％であり、前記浸潤剤として、メチル燐酸エステルのアンモニア塩と、モノエタノールアミンの燐酸反応液のアンモニウム付加物との一方又は両方が適用される、
ことを特徴とする消火システム。 The fire-extinguishing pump is provided with a fire extinguishing water pumping line, and an infiltrant storage container is provided. A fire extinguishing system configured to provide an infiltrant mixing device for mixing with water passing therethrough, and to discharge mixed water of the water and the infiltrant to a fire extinguishing target from a water discharge nozzle ,
The fire pump device includes a water discharge pump for pumping water pumped from a water source,
The wetting agent mixing device, and a vane pump driven by the flow of water pumped to the water discharge pump is interlocked to drive the vane pump, the infiltration of the wetting agent in an amount corresponding to the amount of water is pumped into the vane pump A piston pump that sucks from the agent storage container and mixes the infiltrant with the water in an amount corresponding to the amount of water pumped to the water discharge pump, and a coupling that transmits the driving force of the vane pump to the piston pump. seen including,
Immediately after the infiltrant mixing device starts to be driven, mixed water having a constant mixing ratio is always released, and the mixing ratio of the infiltrant to the mixed water is 20 to 50%. One or both of an ammonium salt of methyl phosphate and an ammonium adduct of a phosphoric acid reaction solution of monoethanolamine are applied,
A fire extinguishing system characterized by the following.
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