JP6688397B2 - Clean and efficient mining method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a clean and efficient coal mining method, and has particular application in the field of solid waste treatment of mines.

  With the increasing integration of resources by the nation, the number of large-scale mines with annual output of 10 million tons is increasing, and the solid waste generated in the mines is explosively increasing. Solid wastes from coal mines are mainly waste stones, waste stones after washing and coal separation, and coal ash, which are often concentrated outdoors under current treatment methods, which not only damages the ecological environment of the mining area. , Seriously affect the living environment of personnel in the mining area.

  Based on the national comprehensive plan and requirements, the construction of new modern coal mines is the direction of future development of our coal industry, in order to achieve the goal of safe and low carbon type coal mines operation and sustainable development. , It is necessary to change the treatment method of solid waste in the mine, and it is strongly desired to search for a new method of recycling and comprehensive utilization of solid waste in the mining area. In recent years, coal mining companies have also made comprehensive use methods, such as power generation from solid waste, manufacturing of building materials, recovery of valuable mineral products, manufacturing of chemical industrial products, soil improvement, fertilizer production, backfilling (building construction Restoration, reclaiming of depressions and wastelands, reclamation of mining traces of mines, restoration of collapsed sites of coal mines), pavement of roads, etc., but we are unable to thoroughly solve the solid waste treatment problem, Currently, there is no coal mining method that not only promptly disposes solid waste on the ground but also does not carry the solid waste in the mine to the ground.

  The present invention provides a clean and efficient coal mining method that overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and not only rapidly disposes of solid waste on the ground, but also does not carry the solid waste in the mine to the ground. Is intended.

  In order to achieve the technical object, the clean and efficient coal mining method of the present invention is characterized by including the following steps.

  (A) Calculate the volume of solid waste including underground waste rocks, ground waste rocks, and coal ash generated in existing mines.

  (B) A long face for filling the solid waste of the mine is arranged in the coal bed in the specified section of the mine, and the first short face and the second short face are arranged on both sides of the long face, respectively. The width of the short cutting face is w, and the equipment such as the coal mining machine, the hydraulic support and the belt conveyor for the first short cutting face and the second short cutting face is adjusted, and the first short cutting face and the second short cutting face are simultaneously mined, During the mining process, solid waste from existing mines and waste stones generated during mining are filled, anchor bolts are supported on the edges of the filling surface and the solid coal side, and the tunnels on both sides of the filling surface are filled. Hold.

  (C) After the mining of the first short cutting face and the second short cutting face is completed, the excavator excavates the excavated portion between the first short cutting face and the second short cutting face, whereby the first short cutting face, (2) A long face mining system is constructed by the tunnel and the excavated part that are reserved by the short face.

  (D) While mining the first long face, moving the mining equipment for the first short face to the third short face on the left side for mining, and the mining equipment for the second short face on the fourth short side on the right side. After moving to the face and excavating, the waste stones generated during the mining of the long face are also transported to and filled in the third short face and the fourth short face, and the cavities are formed after the first long face is mined. , The cavities of the mining site collapse immediately.

  (E) After completing the mining of the third short cutting face and the fourth short cutting face, further excavating the excavated portions, respectively arranging the second long cutting face and the third long cutting face, and repeating step d to repeat the short cutting face. The continuous mining of filling mining and efficient mining of long face is realized, and in this way, the mining of coal seams in all specified zones is completed.

  All the short facets are of the same width and are determined by the formula w = Q / (2l * h), w ≦ 60m, the specific dimensions being determined by the solid waste amount Q (where l is the short facet). Length, h is the mining height of the short face.)

  The width of all the long facets is 150 m to 300 m.

  The width of the mine shaft filled with the short face and reserved is 4 to 6 m.

  By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art.

  (1) Since all the solid waste in the mine can be filled with short facets, the solid waste accumulation problem on the ground is solved, and the requirement that the solid waste inside the mine is not carried out to the ground is also satisfied. The cost of treatment is reduced, the damage to the ecological environment is reduced, which is beneficial to the sustainable development of the mine.

  (2) After the long face is collected, the short face on both sides is filled at the same time for mining, thereby realizing a continuous mining system of filling and mining the short face and efficiently collecting the long face.

  (3) Solid wastes fill the cavities of short-cut mines to form the tunnels, eliminating coal columns and increasing the recovery rate of resources.

It is a schematic diagram of the clean and efficient coal mining method of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the clean and efficient coal mining method of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the clean and efficient coal mining method of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the clean and efficient mining method of the present invention includes the following steps.

  (A) Calculate the volume of solid waste including underground waste rocks, ground waste rocks, and coal ash generated in existing mines.

  (B) The long face 21 for filling the solid waste of the mine is arranged in the coal layer of the defined section of the mine, and the width of the long face is 150 m to 300 m, and the long face 21 has a width of 150 m to 300 m on both sides. 1 short cutting face 11 and 2nd short cutting face 12 are arranged, the width of the arranged short cutting faces is w, all the short cutting faces are the same width, and the formula w = Q / (2l * h), w ≦ 60m The concrete size is determined by the solid waste amount Q (where l is the length of the short cutting face, h is the mining height of the short cutting face), and the first short cutting face 11 and the second short cutting face are determined. The equipment such as the coal mining machine, the hydraulic support, and the belt conveyor in 12 were adjusted, and the first short cutting face and the second short cutting face were mined at the same time. In the mining process, solid waste in the existing mine and generated during mining Fill with waste stones and support anchor bolts on the edge of the filling surface and on the solid coal side. Pending tunnel 3 of the filling surface sides, the two short working face width of tunnel 3 which is suspended by filling is 4-6 m.

  (C) After the excavation in the first short cutting face 11 and the second short cutting face 12 is completed, the excavation machine excavates the excavated portion 4 between the first short cutting face 11 and the second short cutting face 12, thereby A long face mining system is constituted by the tunnel 3 and the excavation part 4, which are reserved by the first short face 11 and the second short face 12.

  (D) While mining the first long face 21, the mining equipment for the first short face 11 is moved to the third short face 14 on the left side for mining, and the mining facility for the second short face 12 is on the right side. The first short cutting face 21 is moved to the fourth short cutting face 13 for mining, and the waste stone generated during the mining of the long cutting face 21 is also transported to and filled by the third short cutting face 14 and the fourth short cutting face 13. After the mining, the mining trace cavity 5 is formed, and the mining trace cavity collapses immediately.

  (E) After completing the mining of the third short cutting face 14 and the fourth short cutting face 13, further excavating the excavated portions, disposing the second long cutting face 22 and the third long cutting face 23, respectively, and repeating step d. By this, continuous mining of filling mining of short face and efficient harvesting of long face is realized, and in this way, mining of coal seams of all specified zones is completed.

3 Tunnel 4 Open-cut part 5 Mining trace cavity 11 1st short facet 12 2nd short facet 13 4th short facet 14 3rd short facet 21 1st long facet 22 2nd long facet 23 3rd long facet

Claims (3)

(A) calculating the volume of solid waste including underground waste rock, ground waste rock and coal ash generated in the existing mine;
(B) The first long face (21) for filling the solid waste of the mine is arranged in the coal bed of the defined section of the mine, and the first short face (21) is provided on each side of the first long face (21). 11) and the second short cutting face (12) are arranged, the width of the arranged short cutting face is set as w, and the coal mining machine, the hydraulic support and the first short cutting face (11) and the second short cutting face (12) are arranged. Adjusting equipment such as belt conveyors, the first short cutting face and the second short cutting face are mined at the same time, and in the mining process, solid waste from existing mines and waste stones generated during mining are filled to fill the filling surface. Anchor bolt support to the edge and solid coal side, and to hold the tunnels (3) on both sides of the filling surface,
(C) After the mining of the first short cutting face (11) and the second short cutting face (12) is completed, the excavator is used to excavate a portion between the first short cutting face (11) and the second short cutting face (12) ( 4) digging, thereby forming a long face mining system with the tunnel (3) reserved by the first short face (11), the second short face (12) and the excavation part (4);
(D) While excavating the first long cutting face (21), the mining equipment of the first short cutting face (11) is moved to the third short cutting face (14) on the left side to perform the mining, and the second short cutting face. The mining equipment of (12) is moved to the fourth short cutting face (13) on the right side for mining, and the waste stone generated during the mining of the first long cutting face (21) is also the third short cutting face (14) and the fourth short cutting face (14). A step of transporting and filling the short cutting face (13), forming a mining trace cavity (5) after mining the first long cutting face (21), and immediately collapsing the mining trace cavity;
(E) After the third short cutting face (14) and the fourth short cutting face (13) have been mined, the excavation parts (4) are further advanced, respectively, and the second long cutting face (22) and the third long cutting face (22), respectively. By arranging 23) and repeating step d, it is possible to realize continuous mining such as filling mining of short face and efficient harvesting of long face, and in this way, mining coal layers of all specified zones. Steps to complete,
Only including,
The widths w of all the short facets are the same width and are determined by the formula w = Q / (2l * h), w ≦ 60m, and the specific dimensions are determined by the solid waste amount Q (where l Is the length of the short face, and h is the mining height of the short face.) A clean and efficient mining method.   The clean and efficient coal mining method according to claim 1, wherein the first long face (21), the second long face (22) and the third long face (23) have a width of 150 m to 300 m. .   The width of the tunnel (3) filled with the first short cutting face (11), the second short cutting face (12), the third short cutting face (14) and the fourth short cutting face (13) is 4 to 6 m. The clean and efficient coal mining method according to claim 1, wherein

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