Deprecated: The each() function is deprecated. This message will be suppressed on further calls in /home/zhenxiangba/zhenxiangba.com/public_html/phproxy-improved-master/index.php on line 456
JP6693573B2 - Piping diagnosis method - Google Patents
[go: Go Back, main page]

JP6693573B2 - Piping diagnosis method - Google Patents

Piping diagnosis method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP6693573B2
JP6693573B2 JP2018554806A JP2018554806A JP6693573B2 JP 6693573 B2 JP6693573 B2 JP 6693573B2 JP 2018554806 A JP2018554806 A JP 2018554806A JP 2018554806 A JP2018554806 A JP 2018554806A JP 6693573 B2 JP6693573 B2 JP 6693573B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
pipe
temperature
abnormal point
piping
abnormal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP2018554806A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPWO2018105142A1 (en
Inventor
▲高▼須 庸一
庸一 ▲高▼須
添田 武志
武志 添田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fujitsu Ltd
Original Assignee
Fujitsu Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fujitsu Ltd filed Critical Fujitsu Ltd
Publication of JPWO2018105142A1 publication Critical patent/JPWO2018105142A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP6693573B2 publication Critical patent/JP6693573B2/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17DPIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D5/00Protection or supervision of installations
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N25/00Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
    • G01N25/72Investigating presence of flaws

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)

Description

本願は、配管診断方法、装置およびシステムに関する。   The present application relates to a piping diagnosis method, a device and a system.

工場やプラント等の各種設備には、液体が流れる配管が備わっている。配管は、流体の含有物やスケール等の析出物により詰まることがある。また、配管は、流体の影響を受けて減肉することがある。配管に異常があると設備の運転に支障を来す。そこで、近年、配管の異常を把握するための各種技術が開発されている(例えば、特許文献1−2を参照)。   Various facilities such as factories and plants are equipped with pipes through which liquid flows. The piping may be clogged with fluid inclusions or scale deposits. Further, the piping may be thinned due to the influence of the fluid. If the piping is abnormal, it will interfere with the operation of the equipment. Therefore, in recent years, various techniques for grasping abnormality of piping have been developed (for example, refer to Patent Document 1-2).

特開2009−31243号公報JP, 2009-31243, A 特開昭64−54240号公報JP-A-64-54240 特開昭61−26809号公報JP-A-61-26809

配管の詰まりを把握する技術としては、例えば、配管の各部に設けた圧力計で差圧を基に把握するものがある。しかし、差圧を基に配管の詰まりを把握する場合、配管の各部に圧力計が備わっていることが前提となる。また、差圧を基に配管の詰まりを把握する場合、詰まっている位置の正確な把握は難しい。そこで、圧力計が不要で且つ詰まっている箇所や減肉箇所も特定可能な技術として、例えば、配管内にファイバースコープを挿入して管内を観察するものや、打音検査によるもの、超音波探傷によるものを適用することも考えられる。しかし、配管を備える各種設備の中には、例えば、設備を容易に停止できないもの、管内を観察するのが容易でない長尺の配管を備えるものもある。また、打音検査や超音波探傷を行うには高度な技能が求められるため、配管の異常を日常的に把握する手法として用いるのは難しい。   As a technique for grasping the clogging of the pipe, for example, there is a technique for grasping the clogging based on the differential pressure with a pressure gauge provided at each portion of the pipe. However, when grasping the clogging of the pipe based on the differential pressure, it is premised that each part of the pipe is equipped with a pressure gauge. Further, when grasping the clogging of the pipe based on the differential pressure, it is difficult to accurately grasp the clogging position. Therefore, as a technique that does not require a pressure gauge and can identify a clogged portion or a thinned portion, for example, one in which a fiberscope is inserted into the pipe to observe the inside of the pipe, one by tap sound inspection, ultrasonic flaw detection It is also conceivable to apply the above. However, among various types of equipment including pipes, for example, some equipment cannot be easily stopped, and some long pipes are not easy to observe inside the pipe. In addition, since a high level of skill is required to perform hammering sound inspection and ultrasonic flaw detection, it is difficult to use it as a method for routinely grasping abnormalities in piping.

そこで、本願は、設備を通常通りに運転している状態で配管の異常箇所を特定可能にする技術を開示する。   Therefore, the present application discloses a technique that enables identification of an abnormal portion of a pipe in a state where equipment is normally operated.

本願は、次のような配管診断方法を開示する。すなわち、本願で開示する配管診断方法は、配管を流れる流体に周期的な温度変化を与える工程と、温度変化を与えられた流体が通過する部位の配管表面の温度を測定する工程と、配管表面の温度変化より配管の異常箇所の位置を推定する工程と、を備える。   The present application discloses the following piping diagnosis method. That is, the pipe diagnosing method disclosed in the present application includes a step of periodically changing the temperature of a fluid flowing through the pipe, a step of measuring a temperature of a pipe surface at a portion through which the fluid subjected to the temperature change passes, and a surface of the pipe. And estimating the position of the abnormal portion of the pipe from the temperature change.

また、本願は、配管を流れる流体に周期的な温度変化を与える温度調整部と、温度変化を与えられた流体が通過する部位の配管表面の温度を測定する温度計測部と、温度変化を与えられた流体が通過する部位の配管表面の温度変化を表示する表示部と、を備える配管診断装置を開示する。   In addition, the present application provides a temperature adjusting unit that gives a periodic temperature change to a fluid flowing in a pipe, a temperature measuring unit that measures a temperature of a pipe surface at a portion through which the fluid having the temperature change passes, and a temperature change unit. Disclosed is a piping diagnostic device, comprising: a display unit that displays a temperature change on the surface of the piping where the generated fluid passes.

また、本願は、配管を流れる流体に周期的な温度変化を与える温度調整部と、温度変化を与えられた流体が通過する部位の配管表面の温度を測定する温度計測部と、配管表面の温度変化より配管の異常診断を行う処理部と、を備える配管診断システムを開示する。   Further, the present application is directed to a temperature adjusting unit for periodically changing the temperature of a fluid flowing through a pipe, a temperature measuring unit for measuring a temperature of a pipe surface at a portion through which the fluid subjected to the temperature change passes, and a temperature of the pipe surface. Disclosed is a pipe diagnosis system including a processing unit that performs a pipe abnormality diagnosis based on a change.

上記の配管診断方法、装置およびシステムであれば、設備を通常通りに運転している状態で配管の異常箇所を特定可能である。   With the above-described piping diagnosis method, device, and system, it is possible to identify an abnormal portion of piping while the equipment is operating normally.

図1は、配管診断装置の構成図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a piping diagnostic device. 図2は、配管診断方法のフロー図である。FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the piping diagnosis method. 図3は、配管の各部に設置されている既設の圧力計の指示値を使って行われる配管の閉塞の推測手法をイメージした図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an image of a method for estimating the blockage of the pipe, which is performed by using the indicated value of the existing pressure gauge installed in each part of the pipe. 図4は、閉塞部の前後における流体の圧力の変化をグラフで表した図である。FIG. 4 is a graph showing changes in the fluid pressure before and after the closed portion. 図5は、加熱部が配管を流れる流体に与える温度変化の一例である。FIG. 5 is an example of a temperature change applied to the fluid flowing through the pipe by the heating unit. 図6は、加熱部が正弦波の波形に沿った周期的な温度変化を流体に与える場合に観測される配管表面の各部の温度変化の一例を示した図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the temperature change of each part on the surface of the pipe observed when the heating part gives a periodic temperature change along the waveform of a sine wave to the fluid. 図7は、閉塞部の長さを表したグラフの一例である。FIG. 7 is an example of a graph showing the length of the closed portion. 図8は、加熱部の変形例を示した図である。FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a modified example of the heating unit. 図9は、変形例に係る配管診断方法のフロー図である。FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a piping diagnosis method according to a modification. 図10は、変形例で用いる配管モデルを示した図である。FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a piping model used in the modified example. 図11は、閉塞部付近における配管内の圧力を示したグラフである。FIG. 11 is a graph showing the pressure inside the pipe in the vicinity of the closed portion. 図12は、閉塞部付近の等価回路モデルを示した図である。FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit model near the closed portion. 図13は、第1の算出例で用いる閉塞部付近における配管内の圧力を示したグラフである。FIG. 13 is a graph showing the pressure in the pipe in the vicinity of the closed portion used in the first calculation example. 図14は、第2の算出例で用いる閉塞部付近における配管内の圧力を示したグラフである。FIG. 14 is a graph showing the pressure in the pipe in the vicinity of the closed portion used in the second calculation example. 図15は、第3の算出例で用いる減肉部付近における配管内の圧力を示したグラフである。FIG. 15 is a graph showing the pressure in the pipe in the vicinity of the thinned portion used in the third calculation example. 図16は、メンテナンスのタイミングの一例を示したグラフである。FIG. 16 is a graph showing an example of maintenance timing. 図17は、本変形例に係る配管診断方法に用いることが可能な配管診断装置の構成図である。FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram of a pipe diagnostic device that can be used in the pipe diagnostic method according to the present modification.

以下、実施形態について説明する。以下に示す実施形態は、単なる例示であり、本開示の技術的範囲を以下の態様に限定するものではない。   Hereinafter, embodiments will be described. The embodiments described below are merely examples, and the technical scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the following aspects.

図1は、配管診断装置の構成図である。配管診断装置1は、配管Pを局部的に加熱する加熱部2(本願でいう「温度調整部」の一例である)と、加熱部2よりも下流側で長手方向沿いに配管Pの表面に離散配置される複数の熱電対3A,3B,3C,3D(何れも本願でいう「温度計測部」の一例である)と、各熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dの計測値をグラフ表示する表示装置4とを備える。配管診断装置1は、配管Pの異常が疑われる場合に一時的に設置されてもよいし、或いは、配管Pに常時設置されていてもよい。   FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a piping diagnostic device. The piping diagnostic device 1 includes a heating unit 2 (which is an example of a “temperature adjusting unit” in the present application) that locally heats the pipe P, and a surface of the pipe P on the downstream side of the heating unit 2 along the longitudinal direction. A plurality of discretely arranged thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D (all of which are examples of the "temperature measuring unit" in the present application) and the measured values of each thermocouple 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D are displayed in a graph. And a display device 4. The piping diagnostic device 1 may be installed temporarily when the abnormality of the piping P is suspected, or may be installed in the piping P at all times.

加熱部2は、配管Pを局部的に加熱可能であれば如何なるものであってもよく、例えば、配管用のジャケットヒータ、汎用の赤外線ヒータ、工業用ドライヤ、その他各種の熱源機器を適用可能である。例えば、輻射熱を発する赤外線ヒータ、温風を発する工業用ドライヤは、加熱対象の物体に対して非接触で加熱可能なため、配管Pが高温の物体を接触させることができない仕様の場合であっても配管Pを局部的に加熱可能である。また、例えば、ジャケットヒータは、接触している物体を直接加熱可能なため、配管Pが高温の物体を接触させることができる仕様の場合には、配管Pを効率的に加熱可能である。   The heating unit 2 may be of any type as long as it can locally heat the pipe P. For example, a jacket heater for pipes, a general-purpose infrared heater, an industrial dryer, and various other heat source devices can be applied. is there. For example, an infrared heater that emits radiant heat and an industrial dryer that emits warm air can heat an object to be heated in a non-contact manner. Can also locally heat the pipe P. Further, for example, since the jacket heater can directly heat the contacting object, the piping P can be efficiently heated in the case where the piping P has a specification capable of contacting a high-temperature object.

加熱部2は、配管Pを流れる流体に周期的な温度変化を与える。配管Pを流れる流体の温度は、例えば、加熱部2の電熱線の印加電圧を増減させたり、加熱部2の電熱線に通電する電源回路の開閉器を開閉させたりすることにより変化させることができる。   The heating unit 2 applies a periodic temperature change to the fluid flowing through the pipe P. The temperature of the fluid flowing through the pipe P can be changed by, for example, increasing or decreasing the applied voltage of the heating wire of the heating unit 2 or opening and closing the switch of the power supply circuit that energizes the heating wire of the heating unit 2. it can.

熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dは、何れも配管Pの表面に取り付けられた接触式の熱電対である。熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dは、配管Pの長手方向沿いに並んでおり、配管P表面の各部の温度を測定する。   The thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D are all contact type thermocouples attached to the surface of the pipe P. The thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the pipe P, and measure the temperature of each part on the surface of the pipe P.

表示装置4は、熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dに繋がる導線が接続される入力部や、入力部に入力された電気信号を処理する処理部と、処理部で処理された電気信号の情報を表示装置に表示する表示部とを備える。表示装置4は、熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dから得た電気信号を処理し、配管P表面の各部の温度を、横軸を時間軸とするグラフに表示する。表示装置4は、配管P表面の各部の温度を表す複数の線を1つのグラフに重畳的に表示する。表示装置4は、入力部や処理部、表示部をデジタル信号の処理回路で実現してもよいし、アナログ信号の処理回路で実現してもよい。入力部や処理部、表示部がデジタル信号の処理回路で実現される場合、表示装置4としては、例えば、パーソナルコンピュータやその他各種の情報処理装置を適用可能である。   The display device 4 includes an input unit to which conductors connected to the thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D are connected, a processing unit that processes an electric signal input to the input unit, and information on the electric signal processed by the processing unit. Is displayed on the display device. The display device 4 processes the electric signals obtained from the thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, and displays the temperature of each part on the surface of the pipe P in a graph with the horizontal axis as the time axis. The display device 4 superimposes and displays a plurality of lines representing the temperature of each part of the surface of the pipe P on one graph. In the display device 4, the input unit, the processing unit, and the display unit may be realized by a digital signal processing circuit or an analog signal processing circuit. When the input unit, the processing unit, and the display unit are realized by a digital signal processing circuit, as the display device 4, for example, a personal computer or other various information processing devices can be applied.

なお、加熱部2は、自身が有する制御回路の動作に従って制御量を変化させることにより、配管Pを流れる流体に温度変化を与えるものであってもよいし、或いは、制御線を介して繋がる表示装置4から送られた制御信号を受けて制御量を変化させることにより、配管Pを流れる流体に温度変化を与えるものであってもよい。   The heating unit 2 may change the control amount according to the operation of the control circuit of the heating unit 2 so as to change the temperature of the fluid flowing through the pipe P, or display connected via a control line. The temperature of the fluid flowing through the pipe P may be changed by changing the control amount in response to the control signal sent from the device 4.

以下、配管診断装置1を使った配管診断方法について説明する。図2は、配管診断方法のフロー図である。以下、図2のフロー図に示す符号を引用しながら本実施形態の配管診断方法を説明する。   Hereinafter, a pipe diagnosis method using the pipe diagnosis device 1 will be described. FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the piping diagnosis method. Hereinafter, the piping diagnosis method of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the reference numerals shown in the flow chart of FIG.

例えば、配管Pを備える設備の各種プロセス値から配管Pの閉塞が疑われる場合や、配管Pを備える設備の過去の運転実績や保守作業の経験から配管Pの閉塞が予測される場合、まず、配管診断装置1の設置箇所の検討が行われる(S101)。配管Pの閉塞は、例えば、配管Pの各部に設置されている既設の圧力計の指示値、配管Pにある流量調整弁といった自動制御される弁の開度の変化、ポンプの吐出圧力や消費電力の変化、その他各種プロセス値の変化に基づいて推測される。なお、本願でいう「閉塞」および「詰まり」とは、配管内の流路が完全に塞がった状態を意味するものに限定されるものでなく、配管の内面に僅かな析出物が付着して流路断面の有効面積が配管の設計値より僅かに減少した状態を含む概念である。   For example, when the blockage of the pipe P is suspected from various process values of the facility including the pipe P, or when the blockage of the pipe P is predicted from the past operation record of the facility including the pipe P or the experience of maintenance work, first, The installation location of the piping diagnostic device 1 is examined (S101). The blockage of the pipe P is, for example, a reading of an existing pressure gauge installed in each part of the pipe P, a change in the opening degree of an automatically controlled valve such as a flow rate adjusting valve in the pipe P, a discharge pressure or consumption of the pump. It is estimated based on changes in power and other process values. The "clogging" and "clogging" referred to in the present application are not limited to those in which the flow path in the pipe is completely closed, and a slight deposit adheres to the inner surface of the pipe. This is a concept including a state in which the effective area of the flow path cross section is slightly smaller than the design value of the pipe.

図3は、配管Pの各部に設置されている既設の圧力計の指示値を使って行われる配管Pの閉塞の推測手法をイメージした図である。また、図4は、閉塞部(本願でいう「異常箇所」の一例である。本願でいう「異常箇所」とは、配管内の流路断面の有効面積を局部的に変化させる部位をいう)の前後における流体の圧力の変化をグラフで表した図である。図4は、内径90mmの配管に閉塞部があり、当該配管に液体を適当な流速で流した場合に閉塞部の前後で生じる流体の圧力の変化を表している。配管Pに閉塞部がある場合、閉塞部の前後では、例えば、図4に示されるような圧力損失が生じる。よって、配管Pに、例えば、3つの圧力計PiA,圧力計PiB,圧力計PiCが既設されており、3つの圧力計PiA,PiB,PiCのうち隣り合う2つの圧力計間(圧力計PiAと圧力計PiBとの間、又は、圧力計PiBと圧力計PiCとの間)で優位な差圧がある場合、当該区間内に閉塞部があると推定できる。   FIG. 3 is a diagram imagining an estimation method of blockage of the pipe P, which is performed by using an indicated value of an existing pressure gauge installed in each part of the pipe P. In addition, FIG. 4 is an example of a closed portion (an “abnormal portion” in the present application. The “abnormal portion” in the present application refers to a portion that locally changes the effective area of the flow passage cross section in the pipe). FIG. 6 is a graph showing changes in the pressure of the fluid before and after. FIG. 4 shows a change in the pressure of the fluid that occurs before and after the closed portion when a pipe having an inner diameter of 90 mm has a closed portion and a liquid is caused to flow through the pipe at an appropriate flow rate. When the pipe P has a closed portion, a pressure loss as shown in FIG. 4, for example, occurs before and after the closed portion. Therefore, for example, three pressure gauges PiA, pressure gauges PiB, and pressure gauges PiC are already installed in the pipe P, and between two adjacent pressure gauges among the three pressure gauges PiA, PiB, PiC (pressure gauge PiA When there is a predominant pressure difference between the pressure gauge PiB or between the pressure gauge PiB and the pressure gauge PiC, it can be estimated that there is a blockage portion in the section.

本実施形態の配管診断方法においては、圧力計の指示値や過去の保守作業の経験等を基にして推定される配管Pの閉塞箇所(以下、「推定閉塞箇所」という)へ配管診断装置1が設置される。配管診断装置1の設置に際しては、配管Pの推定閉塞箇所の配管表面に熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dが取り付けられ、推定閉塞箇所よりも上流側の適当な箇所の配管表面に加熱部2が取り付けられる。配管診断装置1の設置は、配管Pを備える設備の運転中であってもよいし停止中であってもよい。また、配管診断装置1は、配管Pに常時設置されていてもよい。   In the pipe diagnosing method of the present embodiment, the pipe diagnosing device 1 is connected to a blockage point (hereinafter referred to as “estimated blockage point”) of the pipe P estimated based on an indication value of a pressure gauge, experience of past maintenance work, and the like. Is installed. When installing the pipe diagnostic device 1, the thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D are attached to the pipe surface at the estimated blockage point of the pipe P, and the heating unit 2 is provided on the pipe surface at an appropriate point upstream from the estimated blockage point. Is attached. The installation of the pipe diagnostic device 1 may be performed while the equipment including the pipe P is operating or may be stopped. Further, the pipe diagnostic device 1 may be always installed in the pipe P.

本実施形態の配管診断方法では、配管Pに設置された配管診断装置1の加熱部2で配管Pを流れる流体に周期的な温度変化が与えられる(S102)。配管Pを流れる流体は、配管Pを備える設備が通常運転中に配管Pへ流す液体であってもよいし、或いは、配管Pを診断するために用意された液体であってもよい。また、配管Pを流れる流体の流速は、配管Pを備える設備が通常運転の場合に出現する成り行きの流速であってもよいし、或いは、配管Pを診断するためにポンプの回転数や弁の開度で特別に調整された特定の流速であってもよい。また、配管Pを備える設備にヒータ、ボイラー、冷凍機、温度調整弁或いはその他の温度調整手段が備わっており、推定閉塞箇所が当該温度調整手段より下流側の場合、加熱部2の代わりに当該温度調整手段で配管Pを流れる流体に温度変化が与えられてもよい。   In the pipe diagnosing method of the present embodiment, the heating unit 2 of the pipe diagnosing device 1 installed in the pipe P gives a periodic temperature change to the fluid flowing through the pipe P (S102). The fluid flowing through the pipe P may be a liquid that flows into the pipe P during normal operation of the equipment including the pipe P, or may be a liquid prepared for diagnosing the pipe P. The flow velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipe P may be a flow velocity that appears when the equipment including the pipe P is in normal operation, or the rotational speed of a pump or a valve for diagnosing the pipe P may be used. It may be a specific flow velocity that is specifically adjusted by the opening degree. Further, when the equipment including the pipe P is equipped with a heater, a boiler, a refrigerator, a temperature adjusting valve, or other temperature adjusting means, and the estimated blockage point is on the downstream side of the temperature adjusting means, the heating section 2 is replaced with the relevant part. A temperature change may be applied to the fluid flowing through the pipe P by the temperature adjusting means.

本実施形態の配管診断方法では、配管Pを流れる流体が周期的に温度変化している状態で配管P表面の各部の温度測定が行われる(S103)。すなわち、熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dで配管P表面の各部の温度測定が行われ、熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dから得られた電気信号が表示装置4で処理され、配管P表面の各部の温度が表示装置4の表示部に画面表示される。   In the pipe diagnosing method of the present embodiment, the temperature of each part on the surface of the pipe P is measured while the temperature of the fluid flowing through the pipe P is periodically changing (S103). That is, the temperature of each part of the surface of the pipe P is measured by the thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, the electric signal obtained from the thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D is processed by the display device 4, and the surface of the pipe P is processed. The temperature of each part is displayed on the screen of the display device 4.

本実施形態の配管診断方法では、配管Pを流れる流体が周期的に温度変化している状態で測定された配管P表面の各部の過渡的な温度変化より、配管Pの閉塞部の位置の推定(S104)および長さの推定(S105)が行われる。図5は、加熱部2が配管Pを流れる流体に与える温度変化の一例である。加熱部2によって与えられる温度変化が、例えば、図5に示されるような正弦波の波形を描く場合、表示装置4の表示部には、配管P表面の各部の温度が以下のように表示される。   In the pipe diagnosing method of the present embodiment, the position of the closed portion of the pipe P is estimated from the transient temperature change of each part on the surface of the pipe P measured in the state where the temperature of the fluid flowing through the pipe P is periodically changed. (S104) and length estimation (S105) are performed. FIG. 5 is an example of a temperature change applied to the fluid flowing through the pipe P by the heating unit 2. When the temperature change given by the heating unit 2 draws a sinusoidal waveform as shown in FIG. 5, for example, the temperature of each portion of the surface of the pipe P is displayed on the display unit of the display device 4 as follows. It

図6は、加熱部2が正弦波の波形に沿った周期的な温度変化を流体に与える場合に観測される配管P表面の各部の温度変化の一例を示した図である。図6のグラフで凡例に示す4つの長さは何れも加熱部2から熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dまでの長さの一例を表している。よって、図6のグラフで「9.5m」と記載されている線は熱電対3Aの計測値を表し、「10.5m」と記載されている線は熱電対3Bの計測値を表し、「11.5m」と記載されている線は熱電対3Cの計測値を表し、「12.5m」と記載されている線は熱電対3Dの計測値を表す。   FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the temperature change of each part on the surface of the pipe P observed when the heating part 2 gives a periodic temperature change along the waveform of a sine wave to the fluid. Each of the four lengths shown in the legend in the graph of FIG. 6 represents an example of the length from the heating unit 2 to the thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D. Therefore, in the graph of FIG. 6, the line described as "9.5 m" represents the measured value of the thermocouple 3A, the line described as "10.5 m" represents the measured value of the thermocouple 3B, and " The line described as "11.5 m" represents the measured value of the thermocouple 3C, and the line described as "12.5 m" represents the measured value of the thermocouple 3D.

加熱部2が正弦波の波形に沿った温度変化を流体に与える場合、表示装置4の表示部には、例えば、図6に示されるような波形で配管P表面の各部の温度変化が表示される。配管Pの閉塞部は、例えば、流体の含有物やスケール等の析出物によって形成される。また、配管Pの閉塞部は、多少の厚みを有している。よって、配管P内の流体から配管P表面へ至る熱の伝達経路にある物体の熱伝導率や熱容量は、閉塞部を形成する析出物の影響により、閉塞部が存在する部位と存在しない部位との間で相違する。よって、例えば、図2に示したように、熱電対3Bに対応する部位に閉塞部がある場合、配管P内の流体から配管P表面へ至る熱の伝達経路にある物体の熱伝導率や熱容量は、閉塞部が存在する部位にある熱電対3Bの設置箇所と、閉塞部が存在しない部位にある熱電対3A,3C,3Dの設置箇所とで相違する。したがって、熱電対3Bに対応する部位に閉塞部がある場合、表示装置4の表示部には、例えば、図6に示されるような波形が表示される。すなわち、表示装置4の表示部には、波形が互いに殆ど一致する熱電対3A,3C,3Dの計測値の正弦波と、熱電対3A,3C,3Dの計測値の線に比べて遅延し且つ変化幅も小さい熱電対3Bの計測値の正弦波が表示される。よって、配管Pの閉塞部の位置は、熱電対3Bが設置されている箇所と推定される。また、配管Pの閉塞部の長さは、熱電対3Aが設置されている箇所から熱電対3Cが設置されている箇所までの長さよりも短いと推定される。なお、図6の波形から得られる熱電対3A,3B,3Cの遅延時間を数字で表すと、例えば、以下の表に示されるような値になる。

Figure 0006693573
When the heating unit 2 applies a temperature change along the waveform of the sine wave to the fluid, the temperature change of each part on the surface of the pipe P is displayed on the display unit of the display device 4 with the waveform as shown in FIG. 6, for example. It The closed portion of the pipe P is formed of, for example, a fluid inclusion or a deposit such as scale. Further, the closed portion of the pipe P has some thickness. Therefore, the thermal conductivity and the heat capacity of the object in the heat transfer path from the fluid in the pipe P to the surface of the pipe P are divided into a region where the closed portion exists and a region where the closed portion does not exist due to the influence of the precipitate forming the closed portion. Differ between Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, when there is a closed portion at a portion corresponding to the thermocouple 3B, the thermal conductivity and heat capacity of the object in the heat transfer path from the fluid in the pipe P to the surface of the pipe P. Is different between the installation location of the thermocouple 3B at the site where the blocking section exists and the installation location of the thermocouples 3A, 3C, 3D at the site where the blocking section does not exist. Therefore, when the site corresponding to the thermocouple 3B has a blocking portion, the display unit of the display device 4 displays a waveform as shown in FIG. 6, for example. That is, on the display section of the display device 4, the sine wave of the measured values of the thermocouples 3A, 3C and 3D whose waveforms almost match each other and the line of the measured values of the thermocouples 3A, 3C and 3D are delayed and A sine wave of the measured value of the thermocouple 3B having a small change width is displayed. Therefore, the position of the closed portion of the pipe P is estimated to be the place where the thermocouple 3B is installed. The length of the closed portion of the pipe P is estimated to be shorter than the length from the location where the thermocouple 3A is installed to the location where the thermocouple 3C is installed. If the delay times of the thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C obtained from the waveforms of FIG. 6 are expressed by numbers, for example, the values shown in the following table will be obtained.
Figure 0006693573

以上の工程を経ることにより、配管Pの閉塞部の位置や長さの推定は完了する。しかし、例えば、表示装置4の表示部に表示される正弦波が何れも殆ど一致しており、熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dの各計測値の正弦波の波形間に顕著な差が見出されない場合には、熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dの取付位置が上流側或いは下流側へ変更され、表示装置4の表示部に表示される表示内容の確認が再び行われることになる。   Through the above steps, the estimation of the position and length of the closed portion of the pipe P is completed. However, for example, the sine waves displayed on the display unit of the display device 4 are almost the same, and there is a significant difference between the waveforms of the sine waves of the measured values of the thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D. If not, the mounting positions of the thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D are changed to the upstream side or the downstream side, and the display content displayed on the display section of the display device 4 is confirmed again.

また、閉塞部の長さのより精密な推定結果が求められる場合には、ステップS104の処理で得られた閉塞部の箇所付近に、ステップS101で取り付けられた熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dの取付間隔よりも狭い間隔で熱電対が複数取り付けられ、ステップS102以降の処理が再び繰り返される。図7は、閉塞部の長さを表したグラフの一例である。例えば、ステップS104の処理で得られた閉塞部の箇所付近に、ステップS101で取り付けられた熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dの取付間隔よりも狭い間隔(例えば、0.25m間隔)で熱電対が9つ取り付けられた場合、各熱電対で観測される温度変化の遅延時間は、例えば、図7に示すグラフのように表される。すなわち、例えば、閉塞部が1m程度の長さである場合、各熱電対で観測される温度変化の遅延時間を、遅延時間を縦軸にしたグラフで熱電対毎にプロットすると、4つの熱電対が他の熱電対よりも温度変化に遅延を生じることになる。ステップS104の処理で推定される閉塞部の長さの推定精度を上げるには、このように、配管Pに取り付ける熱電対の間隔を狭くすればよいことが判る。   Further, when a more accurate estimation result of the length of the closed portion is required, the thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D attached in step S101 are provided near the closed portion obtained in the process of step S104. A plurality of thermocouples are attached at an interval narrower than the attaching interval of, and the processing from step S102 is repeated again. FIG. 7 is an example of a graph showing the length of the closed portion. For example, in the vicinity of the closed portion obtained in the process of step S104, the thermocouples are arranged at intervals (for example, 0.25 m intervals) narrower than the attachment intervals of the thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D attached in step S101. When 9 are attached, the delay time of the temperature change observed in each thermocouple is expressed as a graph shown in FIG. 7, for example. That is, for example, when the closed portion has a length of about 1 m, if the delay time of temperature change observed in each thermocouple is plotted for each thermocouple in a graph with the delay time on the vertical axis, four thermocouples are obtained. Causes a delay in temperature change more than other thermocouples. In order to improve the estimation accuracy of the length of the closed portion estimated in the process of step S104, it is understood that the interval between the thermocouples attached to the pipe P should be narrowed in this way.

上記一連の工程を経ることにより、配管Pの詰まっている箇所が特定される。上記一連の工程は、配管Pに流体が流れていることを前提とした工程であるため、配管Pを備える設備が運転中であると否とに関わりなく、配管Pの詰まっている箇所の特定が可能である。   By passing through the above series of steps, the location where the pipe P is clogged is specified. Since the above-mentioned series of steps is a step on the assumption that the fluid is flowing through the pipe P, regardless of whether the equipment including the pipe P is in operation or not, the location where the pipe P is clogged can be identified. Is possible.

なお、上記実施形態の配管診断方法では、閉塞部の検出を例示したが、配管Pの肉厚が局部的に減少した減肉部(本願でいう「異常箇所」の一例である)の検出も閉塞部の検出と同様に行うことができる。減肉部では、閉塞部とは逆の挙動、すなわち、減肉部の熱電対が他の熱電対よりも早く温度変化することになる。   In the pipe diagnosing method of the above embodiment, the detection of the closed portion is illustrated, but the detection of the thinned portion (which is an example of the “abnormal portion” in the present application) in which the wall thickness of the pipe P is locally reduced is also detected. It can be performed in the same manner as the detection of the blockage portion. At the thinned portion, the behavior opposite to that of the closed portion, that is, the thermocouple of the thinned portion changes temperature faster than other thermocouples.

また、上記実施形態の配管診断方法では、加熱部2が正弦波の波形に沿った温度変化を流体に与えていた。しかし、加熱部2が流体に与える温度変化は、正弦波の波形に沿ったものに限定されない。加熱部2が流体に与える温度変化は、例えば、周期的な矩形波であってもよい。また、上記実施形態の配管診断方法では、加熱部2が一定周期の温度変化を流体に与えていた。しかし、加熱部2が流体に与える温度変化は、一定周期のものに限定されない。加熱部2が流体に与える温度変化は、例えば、周期が変化する波形であってもよい。   Further, in the pipe diagnosing method of the above-described embodiment, the heating unit 2 gives the fluid a temperature change along a sinusoidal waveform. However, the temperature change applied to the fluid by the heating unit 2 is not limited to that along the waveform of the sine wave. The temperature change applied to the fluid by the heating unit 2 may be, for example, a periodic rectangular wave. Further, in the pipe diagnosing method of the above embodiment, the heating unit 2 gives the fluid a temperature change of a constant cycle. However, the temperature change applied to the fluid by the heating unit 2 is not limited to a constant cycle. The temperature change applied to the fluid by the heating unit 2 may be, for example, a waveform whose period changes.

加熱部2が周期的な温度変化を流体に与える場合、表示装置4の表示部に現れる波形の上限値と下限値との差分が、理論的には非周期的な単発の波形の上限値と下限値との差分に比べて、2倍の大きさで現れる。よって、周期的な温度変化を用いれば、非周期の温度変化を用いる場合よりも明確な配管Pの診断が可能である。例えば、配管Pを備える設備の運転に支障を与えないような±1℃程度の温度変化を周期的に与える場合、配管Pを流れる流体の性質や配管Pの素材、閉塞部を構成する物質の性質、配管Pを流れる流体の流速等にもよるが、閉塞部では温度変化の上限値と下限値との間に1.6℃程度の差分が観測され、閉塞部以外の箇所では温度変化の上限値と下限値との間に2.6℃程度の差分が観測されることが検証で明らかとなっている。したがって、上記実施形態のように周期的な温度変化を与える配管診断方法は、非周期的な単発の温度変化を与える手法よりも有効な診断結果を得ることが可能である。   When the heating unit 2 gives a periodic temperature change to the fluid, the difference between the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the waveform appearing on the display unit of the display device 4 is theoretically equal to the upper limit value of the aperiodic single-shot waveform. It appears twice as large as the difference from the lower limit. Therefore, the use of the periodic temperature change enables a clearer diagnosis of the pipe P than the case of using the aperiodic temperature change. For example, when a temperature change of about ± 1 ° C. is periodically given so as not to hinder the operation of equipment equipped with the pipe P, the nature of the fluid flowing through the pipe P, the material of the pipe P, and the substance forming the closed portion Although it depends on the property and the flow velocity of the fluid flowing through the pipe P, a difference of about 1.6 ° C. is observed between the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the temperature change in the closed portion, and the temperature change occurs in the places other than the closed portion. The verification has revealed that a difference of about 2.6 ° C. is observed between the upper limit value and the lower limit value. Therefore, the pipe diagnosing method that gives a periodic temperature change as in the above embodiment can obtain a more effective diagnosis result than the method that gives an aperiodic single-shot temperature change.

また、上記実施形態の配管診断装置1は、離散配置された4つの熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dを備えていた。しかし、配管Pの表面温度を計測する手段は、離散配置された4つの熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dに限定されない。配管Pの表面温度を計測する手段は、3つ以下または5つ以上の熱電対であってもよいし、或いは、サーモグラフィ、放射温度計、その他各種の温度計測手段であってもよい。   Further, the pipe diagnostic device 1 of the above-described embodiment includes four thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D that are discretely arranged. However, the means for measuring the surface temperature of the pipe P is not limited to the four thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D which are discretely arranged. The means for measuring the surface temperature of the pipe P may be three or less or five or more thermocouples, or a thermography, a radiation thermometer, and various other temperature measuring means.

また、上記実施形態の配管診断方法では、表示装置4の表示部に表示される画面を基にした配管診断が行われていたが、例えば、熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dの測定値を演算処理するコンピュータ(本願でいう「処理部」の一例である)を上記の配管診断装置1に組み合わせた配管診断システムが用意され、熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dの測定値に基づく配管Pの異常診断が当該配管診断システムで自動的に行われてもよい。   Further, in the pipe diagnosing method of the above-described embodiment, the pipe diagnosing is performed based on the screen displayed on the display unit of the display device 4. However, for example, the measured values of the thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D are displayed. A pipe diagnostic system is prepared in which a computer for performing arithmetic processing (which is an example of a “processing unit” in the present application) is combined with the above-described pipe diagnostic device 1, and a pipe P based on measured values of thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D is provided. The abnormality diagnosis may be automatically performed by the piping diagnosis system.

図8は、加熱部2の変形例を示した図である。上記実施形態の配管診断装置1では、加熱部2が配管Pを局部的に加熱しており、熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dが加熱部2よりも下流側に設けられていた。しかし、上記実施形態の配管診断装置1は、加熱部2に代えて、例えば、推定閉塞箇所とその周辺全体を加熱する非局部的な加熱手段である加熱部2′(本願でいう「温度調整部」の一例である)を備えるものであってもよい。配管Pに閉塞部がある場合、配管P内の流体から配管P表面へ至る熱の伝達経路にある物体の熱伝導率や熱容量は、閉塞部が存在する部位と存在しない部位とで相違することは上述した通りである。当該相違は、熱の伝達経路が逆方向の場合、すなわち、熱が配管P表面から配管P内の流体へ伝達される場合も同様である。よって、配管P内を流体が流れている状態で配管P表面を加熱すると、配管P表面から配管P内の流体へ伝達される熱量は、閉塞部が存在する部位と存在しない部位との間で相違する。したがって、配管診断装置1が加熱部2に代えて加熱部2′を備える本変形例の場合、配管Pの表面温度を計測する熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dあるいはその他の温度計測手段が、配管P表面のうち特に加熱部2′で加熱される部位に設置されれば、上記実施形態の配管診断装置1と同様、配管Pの閉塞部の位置や長さの推定が可能である。   FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a modified example of the heating unit 2. In the pipe diagnosing device 1 of the above embodiment, the heating unit 2 locally heats the pipe P, and the thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D are provided on the downstream side of the heating unit 2. However, in the piping diagnostic device 1 of the above-described embodiment, instead of the heating unit 2, for example, a heating unit 2 ′ (“temperature adjustment in the present application” that is a non-local heating means that heats the estimated closed position and the entire periphery thereof. (Which is an example of a “unit”). When the pipe P has a closed portion, the thermal conductivity and the heat capacity of the object in the heat transfer path from the fluid in the pipe P to the surface of the pipe P are different between the portion where the closed portion exists and the portion where the closed portion does not exist. Is as described above. The difference is the same when the heat transfer path is in the opposite direction, that is, when heat is transferred from the surface of the pipe P to the fluid in the pipe P. Therefore, when the surface of the pipe P is heated while the fluid is flowing in the pipe P, the amount of heat transferred from the surface of the pipe P to the fluid in the pipe P is between the portion where the closed portion exists and the portion where the closed portion does not exist. Be different. Therefore, in the case of the present modification in which the piping diagnostic device 1 includes the heating unit 2'instead of the heating unit 2, the thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D for measuring the surface temperature of the pipe P or other temperature measuring means, If it is installed on the surface of the pipe P that is particularly heated by the heating unit 2 ', it is possible to estimate the position and length of the closed portion of the pipe P, as in the pipe diagnostic device 1 of the above embodiment.

また、上記の配管診断装置1および配管診断システムは、通信ネットワークを用いたクラウドコンピューティング技術を用いて実現されるものであってもよい。例えば、加熱部2や熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dが設置されている工場等の設備が通信ネットワークに接続されており、熱電対3A,3B,3C,3Dの計測値等の各種情報が遠隔地のサーバへ送られて処理されることで、配管Pの診断が実現されるようにしてもよい。   Moreover, the above-described piping diagnosis device 1 and piping diagnosis system may be realized by using cloud computing technology using a communication network. For example, equipment such as a factory in which the heating unit 2 and the thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D are installed are connected to a communication network, and various information such as measured values of the thermocouples 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D is displayed. The diagnosis of the pipe P may be realized by being sent to a server at a remote place and processed.

ところで、上記の実施形態は、更に次のような処理が組み合わされてもよい。図9は、変形例に係る配管診断方法のフロー図である。本変形例は、上記実施形態によって配管Pの異常箇所(例えば、閉塞部や減肉部)の位置と長さが推定された場合に、当該異常箇所の現在の流路の状態(例えば、流路断面の有効面積、析出物の厚さ、減肉部の減肉量等)を把握するために用いられる。   By the way, in the above embodiment, the following processing may be further combined. FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a piping diagnosis method according to a modification. In this modification, when the position and the length of an abnormal portion (for example, a closed portion or a thinned portion) of the pipe P are estimated by the above-described embodiment, the current flow path state (for example, flow) of the abnormal portion is estimated. It is used to understand the effective area of the road cross section, the thickness of the precipitate, the amount of thinning of the thinned portion, etc.).

本変形例の配管診断方法では、上記のステップS101からステップS105までの一連の処理によって異常箇所の位置と長さが推定された後(S201)、当該異常箇所の差圧を基に当該異常箇所における圧力損失が取得される(S202)。また、当該異常箇所における初期から現在までの圧力損失の変化量と配管内径(直径)との関係式で用いられる定数の算出が行われる(S203)。そして、当該異常箇所における現在の流路の状態の算出が行われる(S204)。   In the pipe diagnosing method of the present modified example, after the position and length of the abnormal portion are estimated by the series of processes from step S101 to step S105 (S201), the abnormal portion is detected based on the differential pressure of the abnormal portion. The pressure loss at is acquired (S202). Further, the constant used in the relational expression between the change amount of the pressure loss from the initial stage to the present and the pipe inner diameter (diameter) at the abnormal portion is calculated (S203). Then, the current flow path state at the abnormal location is calculated (S204).

各ステップにおける具体的な算出処理の方法について以下に説明する。   A specific calculation processing method in each step will be described below.

図10は、本変形例で用いる配管モデルを示した図である。また、図11は、閉塞部付近における配管内の圧力を示したグラフである。また、図12は、閉塞部付近の等価回路モデルを示した図である。例えば、配管に閉塞部が出現すると、閉塞部が流体の障害物となるため、図11に示されるように、閉塞部で圧力損失が発生する。配管には、通常、適当な間隔で圧力計が設置されているため、閉塞部の前後にある2つの圧力計(例えば、図10の「圧力計1」と「圧力計3」)の差圧をΔP0とし、この2つの圧力計の間において閉塞部が無い箇所(例えば、図10の「圧力計2」と「圧力計3」の間)の圧力損失をΔP1とし、閉塞部における圧力損失(例えば、図10の「圧力計1」と「圧力計2」の間)をΔP2とすると、ΔP0は、図12の等価回路モデルでも表されるように、下記の式(1)で表される。
ΔP0=ΔP1+ΔP2・・・(1)
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a piping model used in this modification. Further, FIG. 11 is a graph showing the pressure inside the pipe in the vicinity of the closed portion. Further, FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit model in the vicinity of the closed portion. For example, when a blocking portion appears in the pipe, the blocking portion serves as an obstacle to the fluid, so that a pressure loss occurs in the blocking portion as shown in FIG. Since the pressure gauges are usually installed in the pipes at appropriate intervals, the pressure difference between the two pressure gauges (for example, “pressure gauge 1” and “pressure gauge 3” in FIG. 10) before and after the closed portion. Is defined as ΔP0, the pressure loss at a portion where there is no blockage portion between these two pressure gauges (for example, between “pressure gauge 2” and “pressure gauge 3” in FIG. 10) is ΔP1, and pressure loss at the closed portion ( For example, assuming that “between pressure gauge 1” and “pressure gauge 2” in FIG. 10 is ΔP2, ΔP0 is expressed by the following equation (1) as expressed in the equivalent circuit model in FIG. ..
ΔP0 = ΔP1 + ΔP2 (1)

一般的に配管の圧力損失は以下に示すファニングの式(2)で表される。
ΔP=4・f・(L/D)・(ρv2・2)・・・(2)
ΔP;圧力損失, f;係数, L;配管長, D;配管径, ρ;流体密度,v;流速
Generally, the pressure loss of the pipe is expressed by the Fanning equation (2) shown below.
ΔP = 4 · f · (L / D) · (ρv 2 · 2) ... (2)
ΔP: pressure loss, f: coefficient, L: pipe length, D: pipe diameter, ρ: fluid density, v: flow velocity

ここで、流速vは、流量をQとすると、以下に示す式(3)で表される。
v=Q/S=4Q/(π・D2)・・・(3)
S;流路面積, D;配管内径(直径)
Here, the flow velocity v is represented by the following equation (3), where Q is the flow rate.
v = Q / S = 4Q / (π · D 2 ) ... (3)
S: flow path area, D: pipe inner diameter (diameter)

また、圧力損失ΔPは、以下に示す式(4)で表される。
ΔP=4・f・(L/D)・ρ/2・(4Q/(π・D2))2・・・(4)
Further, the pressure loss ΔP is represented by the following equation (4).
ΔP = 4 · f · (L / D) · ρ / 2 · (4Q / (π · D 2 )) 2 (4)

ここで、流量Qと流体密度ρは、配管が閉塞しても一定である。また、レイノルズ数が大きく変化しない領域では係数fも大きく変化しないため、圧力損失ΔPは配管長に比例し、配管内径の5乗に反比例する。従って、式(1)より、ΔP0は以下に示す式(5)で表される。
ΔP0=ΔP1+ΔP2=C・(L−l)/D5+C・l/(D−d)5・・・(5)
C;定数, L;配管長, l; 閉塞部長, D;配管径, d/2;析出物厚
Here, the flow rate Q and the fluid density ρ are constant even if the pipe is blocked. Further, in the region where the Reynolds number does not change significantly, the coefficient f does not change greatly either, so the pressure loss ΔP is proportional to the pipe length and inversely proportional to the fifth power of the pipe inner diameter. Therefore, from the equation (1), ΔP0 is represented by the following equation (5).
ΔP0 = ΔP1 + ΔP2 = C · (L−1) / D 5 + C · l / (D−d) 5 (5)
C: constant, L: pipe length, l: closed part length, D: pipe diameter, d / 2; precipitate thickness

ここで、ΔP0は閉塞部の前後にある2つの圧力計(例えば、図10の「圧力計1」と「圧力計3」)の指示値の差から取得できる(S202の処理に相当)。LとDは既知である。lはステップS201で推定できる。また、Cは初期値または閉塞のない配管から算出できる(S203の処理に相当)。ΔP0、L、D、l、Cが特定されれば、析出物の厚さd/2は式(5)より算出できる(S204の処理に相当)。   Here, ΔP0 can be acquired from the difference between the indicated values of the two pressure gauges (for example, “pressure gauge 1” and “pressure gauge 3” in FIG. 10) before and after the closed portion (corresponding to the processing of S202). L and D are known. l can be estimated in step S201. Further, C can be calculated from an initial value or a pipe without blockage (corresponding to the process of S203). If ΔP0, L, D, l, and C are specified, the thickness d / 2 of the precipitate can be calculated from the equation (5) (corresponding to the processing of S204).

なお、ここでは閉塞部における析出物の厚さを例に説明したが、例えば、配管の腐食によって生じる減肉部における配管の減肉量についても閉塞部と同様、式(5)式を用いて算出することができる。また、図10には直線状の配管を図示しているが、エルボや分岐、合流のある配管でも他の部分より圧力損失を見積もることで、析出物厚や減肉量は計算可能である。また、ここでは円形の流路を形成する丸形の管を例に説明したが、例えば、矩形の流路を形成する角型の管、或いはその他の形状の流路を形成する管にも適用可能である。   In addition, although the thickness of the deposits in the closed portion has been described as an example here, for example, as with the closed portion, the amount of thinning of the pipe in the thinned portion caused by corrosion of the pipe is calculated using the formula (5). It can be calculated. Further, although a straight pipe is shown in FIG. 10, the thickness of the precipitate and the amount of wall thinning can be calculated by estimating the pressure loss from other portions even in a pipe having an elbow, a branch, and a confluence. Further, here, the description has been given by taking a round tube forming a circular flow path as an example, but it is also applied to, for example, a rectangular tube forming a rectangular flow path or a tube forming another shape of flow path. It is possible.

<第1の算出例>
図13は、第1の算出例で用いる閉塞部付近における配管内の圧力を示したグラフである。図10に示した配管モデルにおいて、配管の内径(直径)Dが90mm、閉塞部の前後にある2つの圧力計の間の配管長Lが10mと仮定し、この配管に流体を流したときの圧力損失ΔP0が6847Paであったと仮定する。この配管に閉塞部が無い場合のCは、例えば、圧力計2と圧力計3の指示値を使い、0.9×10-3と算出される。そして、ステップS201の処理で閉塞部長lが6mと推定された場合、式(5)を使うと、下記の表2に示すように、析出物厚d/2は15mmと推定できる。

Figure 0006693573
<First calculation example>
FIG. 13 is a graph showing the pressure in the pipe in the vicinity of the closed portion used in the first calculation example. In the piping model shown in FIG. 10, it is assumed that the inner diameter (diameter) D of the piping is 90 mm and the piping length L between the two pressure gauges before and after the closed portion is 10 m. It is assumed that the pressure loss ΔP0 is 6847 Pa. C in the case where there is no blockage portion in this pipe is calculated as 0.9 × 10 −3 using the indicated values of the pressure gauges 2 and 3, for example. Then, when the closed portion length 1 is estimated to be 6 m in the process of step S201, the precipitate thickness d / 2 can be estimated to be 15 mm by using the formula (5) as shown in Table 2 below.
Figure 0006693573

<第2の算出例>
図14は、第2の算出例で用いる閉塞部付近における配管内の圧力を示したグラフである。図10に示した配管モデルにおいて、配管の内径(直径)Dが90mm、閉塞部の前後にある2つの圧力計の間の配管長Lが10mと仮定し、この配管に流体を流したときの圧力損失ΔP0が6979Paであったと仮定する。この配管に閉塞部が無い場合のCは、例えば、圧力計2と圧力計3の指示値を使い、0.9×10-3と算出される。そして、ステップS201の処理で閉塞部長lが1mと推定された場合、式(5)を使うと、下記の表3に示すように、析出物厚d/2は22mmと推定できる。

Figure 0006693573
<Second calculation example>
FIG. 14 is a graph showing the pressure in the pipe in the vicinity of the closed portion used in the second calculation example. In the piping model shown in FIG. 10, it is assumed that the inner diameter (diameter) D of the piping is 90 mm and the piping length L between the two pressure gauges before and after the closed portion is 10 m. It is assumed that the pressure loss ΔP0 is 6979 Pa. C in the case where there is no blockage portion in this pipe is calculated as 0.9 × 10 −3 using the indicated values of the pressure gauges 2 and 3, for example. Then, when the closed portion length 1 is estimated to be 1 m in the process of step S201, the precipitate thickness d / 2 can be estimated to be 22 mm by using the formula (5) as shown in Table 3 below.
Figure 0006693573

<第3の算出例>
図15は、第3の算出例で用いる減肉部付近における配管内の圧力を示したグラフである。図10に示した配管モデルにおいて、配管の内径(直径)Dが90mm、減肉部(閉塞部と同じ部位にあるものとする)の前後にある2つの圧力計の間の配管長Lが10mと仮定し、この配管に流体を流したときの圧力損失ΔP0が1410Paであったと仮定する。この配管に減肉部が無い場合のCは、例えば、圧力計2と圧力計3の指示値を使い、0.9×10-3と算出される。そして、ステップS201の処理で閉塞部長lが2mと推定された場合、式(5)を使うと、下記の表4に示すように、減肉量d/2は6mmと推定できる。

Figure 0006693573
<Third calculation example>
FIG. 15 is a graph showing the pressure in the pipe in the vicinity of the thinned portion used in the third calculation example. In the piping model shown in FIG. 10, the inside diameter (diameter) D of the piping is 90 mm, and the piping length L between the two pressure gauges before and after the thinned portion (assumed to be at the same site as the closed portion) is 10 m. It is assumed that the pressure loss ΔP0 when flowing the fluid in this pipe was 1410 Pa. C when there is no thinned portion in this pipe is calculated as 0.9 × 10 −3 using the indicated values of the pressure gauges 2 and 3, for example. Then, when the closed portion length 1 is estimated to be 2 m in the process of step S201, it is possible to estimate the thickness reduction amount d / 2 to be 6 mm by using the formula (5), as shown in Table 4 below.
Figure 0006693573

図16は、メンテナンスのタイミングの一例を示したグラフである。例えば、上述した第1の算出例と第2の算出例を比較した場合、第1の算出例では析出物の厚さが15mmなので配管の有効内径(直径)が60mmであるのに対し、第2の算出例では析出物の厚さが22mmなので配管の有効内径(直径)が46mmであると推定できる。よって、第2の算出例の方が第1の算出例よりもメンテナンスの必要性が高いと判断できる。また、本変形例を用いて析出物の厚さや減肉量を定期的に算出すれば、例えば、図16のグラフで示されるように、配管の有効内径が低下する傾向を把握可能である。配管の有効内径が低下する傾向を把握できれば、配管内の洗浄や配管の交換といった配管メンテナンスを適切なタイミングで行うことができる。   FIG. 16 is a graph showing an example of maintenance timing. For example, when the first calculation example and the second calculation example described above are compared, in the first calculation example, since the thickness of the precipitate is 15 mm, the effective inner diameter (diameter) of the pipe is 60 mm. In the calculation example of No. 2, since the thickness of the precipitate is 22 mm, it can be estimated that the effective inner diameter (diameter) of the pipe is 46 mm. Therefore, it can be determined that the need for maintenance is higher in the second calculation example than in the first calculation example. Further, if the thickness of the precipitate and the amount of wall thinning are periodically calculated using this modification, it is possible to grasp the tendency that the effective inner diameter of the pipe is reduced, as shown in the graph of FIG. 16, for example. If it is possible to grasp the tendency that the effective inner diameter of the pipe decreases, it is possible to perform the pipe maintenance such as cleaning the inside of the pipe and replacement of the pipe at appropriate timing.

図17は、本変形例に係る配管診断方法に用いることが可能な配管診断装置の構成図である。本変形例に係る配管診断方法は、上記実施形態の配管診断装置1を使って実現可能であるが、例えば、図17に示すような配管診断システム1Sを使って実現することも可能である。配管診断システム1Sは、ヒータ2S、ヒータ2Sを制御するヒータ制御部2SC、ヒータ2Sの取付箇所の配管表面温度を検出する複数の温度センサ3ST、各温度センサ3STのデータを収録する温度データストレージ3STS、温度データストレージ3STSに収録されたデータを用いて演算を行う温度データ演算部3STC、各圧力計のデータを収録する圧力データストレージ3SPS、圧力データストレージ3SPSに収録されたデータを用いて演算を行う圧力データ演算部3SPCを備える。   FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram of a pipe diagnostic device that can be used in the pipe diagnostic method according to the present modification. The pipe diagnosing method according to this modification can be realized by using the pipe diagnosing device 1 of the above-described embodiment, but can also be realized by using the pipe diagnosing system 1S as shown in FIG. 17, for example. The pipe diagnostic system 1S includes a heater 2S, a heater control unit 2SC that controls the heater 2S, a plurality of temperature sensors 3ST that detect the pipe surface temperature at the mounting location of the heater 2S, and a temperature data storage 3STS that records data of each temperature sensor 3ST. , A temperature data calculator 3STC that performs an operation using the data recorded in the temperature data storage 3STS, a pressure data storage 3SPS that records the data of each pressure gauge, and an operation that uses the data recorded in the pressure data storage 3SPS The pressure data calculation unit 3SPC is provided.

ヒータ2Sは、上記実施形態の加熱部2と同様、配管Pの表面を加熱するヒータである。ヒータ2Sは、上記実施形態の加熱部2と同じヒータであってもよいし、或いは、加熱部2とは別体のヒータであってもよい。ヒータ制御部2SCは、ヒータ2Sの通電を制御する装置であり、ヒータ2Sが配管Pを周期的に加熱するよう、ヒータ2Sに通電する電流を周期的に変化させる。   The heater 2S is a heater that heats the surface of the pipe P, as in the heating unit 2 of the above embodiment. The heater 2S may be the same heater as the heating unit 2 of the above embodiment, or may be a heater separate from the heating unit 2. The heater control unit 2SC is a device that controls the energization of the heater 2S, and periodically changes the current supplied to the heater 2S so that the heater 2S periodically heats the pipe P.

温度センサ3STは、上記実施形態の熱電対3A〜3Dと同様、配管Pの表面温度を計測するセンサである。温度センサ3STは、上記実施形態のステップS104で推定された異常箇所の長さを精密に測定するべく、熱電対を配管Pの長手方向沿いに、熱電対3A〜3Dよりも細かい間隔で並んでいる。   The temperature sensor 3ST is a sensor that measures the surface temperature of the pipe P, similarly to the thermocouples 3A to 3D of the above embodiment. The temperature sensor 3ST arranges the thermocouples along the longitudinal direction of the pipe P at finer intervals than the thermocouples 3A to 3D in order to accurately measure the length of the abnormal portion estimated in step S104 of the above embodiment. There is.

この配管診断システム1Sでは、閉塞部あるいは減肉部といった異常箇所の長さを測定するに際し、図8を使って説明したのと同様、温度センサ3STと同じ位置に取り付けられたヒータ2Sが配管Pを加熱する際の配管Pの表面温度の変化量に基づいて異常箇所の長さを測定する。例えば、配管Pをヒータ2Sで表面から加熱した場合に、析出物が堆積している箇所と析出物が堆積していない箇所とでは配管Pの表面から流体までの熱容量が相違するため、配管Pの表面温度の上昇率も相違することになる。減肉している箇所も同様である。この配管診断システム1Sでは、異常箇所におけるこのような熱的特性に着目し、ヒータ2Sと同じ箇所に取り付けた複数の温度センサ3STで表面温度の上昇率が相違する箇所を捉えて異常箇所の長さを測定する。すなわち、配管診断システム1Sでは、温度データストレージ3STSに収録されたデータを温度データ演算部3STCで解析し、ヒータ2Sと同じ箇所に取り付けた複数の温度センサ3STのうち表面温度の上昇率が相違する箇所を特定する。例えば、配管Pに複数取り付けられた温度センサ3STの取付箇所の範囲内に閉塞部あるいは減肉部が収まっていれば、複数の温度センサ3STのうち表面温度の上昇率が隣のセンサと相違する箇所が2箇所現れる。よって、温度データ演算部3STCは、温度の上昇率が隣のセンサと相違する2箇所の間の長さを、異常箇所の長さlとして出力する。   In this piping diagnosis system 1S, when measuring the length of an abnormal portion such as a blockage portion or a wall thinning portion, the heater 2S attached at the same position as the temperature sensor 3ST is connected to the pipe P in the same manner as described with reference to FIG. The length of the abnormal portion is measured based on the amount of change in the surface temperature of the pipe P when heating the pipe. For example, when the pipe P is heated from the surface by the heater 2S, the heat capacity from the surface of the pipe P to the fluid differs between the place where the deposit is deposited and the place where the deposit is not deposited. The rate of increase of the surface temperature of the will also be different. The same applies to the places where the thickness is reduced. In this piping diagnosis system 1S, paying attention to such a thermal characteristic in the abnormal portion, a plurality of temperature sensors 3ST attached to the same portion as the heater 2S captures a portion where the rate of increase in surface temperature is different, and the length of the abnormal portion is increased. Measure the height. That is, in the piping diagnostic system 1S, the data recorded in the temperature data storage 3STS is analyzed by the temperature data calculator 3STC, and the increase rate of the surface temperature among the plurality of temperature sensors 3ST attached at the same location as the heater 2S is different. Identify the location. For example, if the closed portion or the thinned portion is within the range of the mounting location of the temperature sensors 3ST attached to the pipe P, the increase rate of the surface temperature of the temperature sensors 3ST is different from that of the adjacent sensor. Two places appear. Therefore, the temperature data calculation unit 3STC outputs the length between two locations where the temperature increase rate is different from that of the adjacent sensor as the length 1 of the abnormal location.

この配管診断システム1Sであれば、閉塞部或いは減肉部の長さlを、上記実施形態の配管診断装置1よりも精密に取得することができる。また、閉塞部或いは減肉部における流路の状態(例えば、配管の有効内径や析出物の厚さ、減肉量)も、圧力データストレージ3SPSと圧力データ演算部3SPCを使って取得することができる。   With this piping diagnosis system 1S, the length 1 of the closed portion or the thinned portion can be acquired more accurately than the piping diagnosis device 1 of the above embodiment. In addition, the state of the flow path in the closed portion or the thinned portion (for example, the effective inner diameter of the pipe, the thickness of the deposit, and the thinned amount) can be acquired using the pressure data storage 3SPS and the pressure data calculation unit 3SPC. it can.

P・・配管
PiA,PiB,PiC・・圧力計
1・・配管診断装置
1S・・配管診断システム
2・・加熱部
2S・・ヒータ
2SC・・ヒータ制御部
3A,3B,3C,3D・・熱電対
3ST・・温度センサ
3STS・・温度データストレージ
3STC・・温度データ演算部
3SPS・・圧力データストレージ
3SPC・・圧力データ演算部
4・・表示装置
P ・ ・ Piping PiA, PiB, PiC ・ ・ Pressure gauge 1 ・ ・ Piping diagnostic device 1S ・ ・ Piping diagnostic system 2 ・ ・ Heating unit 2S ・ ・ Heater 2SC ・ ・ Heater control unit 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D ・ ・ Thermoelectric 3ST temperature sensor 3STS temperature data storage 3STC temperature data calculation unit 3SPS pressure data storage 3SPC pressure data calculation unit 4 display device

Claims (5)

配管を流れる流体に周期的な温度変化を与える工程と、
前記温度変化を与えられた流体が通過する部位の配管表面の温度を測定する工程と、
前記配管表面の温度変化より前記配管の異常箇所の位置を推定する工程と、
前記配管の異常箇所の長さと差圧を測定する工程と、
測定された前記異常箇所の長さと差圧、及び、前記異常箇所の初期の流路の状態に基づいて、前記異常箇所の現在の流路の状態を算出する工程と、を備える、
配管診断方法。
A step of periodically changing the temperature of the fluid flowing through the pipe,
Measuring the temperature of the piping surface of the portion where the fluid given the temperature change passes,
Estimating the position of the abnormal portion of the pipe from the temperature change of the pipe surface,
A step of measuring the length and differential pressure of the abnormal portion of the pipe,
The length and differential pressure of the measured abnormal point, and, based on the state of the initial flow path of the abnormal point, a step of calculating the current flow path state of the abnormal point ,
Plumbing diagnostic method.
前記異常箇所の現在の流路の状態を算出する工程では、測定された前記異常箇所の長さと差圧、及び、前記異常箇所の初期の配管内径に基づいて、前記異常箇所の現在の流路の状態を算出する、
請求項に記載の配管診断方法。
In the step of calculating the current flow path state of the abnormal point, based on the measured length and differential pressure of the abnormal point, and the initial pipe inner diameter of the abnormal point, the current flow path of the abnormal point Calculate the state of
The pipe diagnosis method according to claim 1 .
前記異常箇所の現在の流路の状態を算出する工程では、前記異常箇所における初期から現在までの圧力損失の変化量と配管内径との関係式を用いて、前記異常箇所の現在の流路の状態を算出する、
請求項に記載の配管診断方法。
In the step of calculating the current flow path state of the abnormal point, using the relational expression between the change amount of the pressure loss from the initial point in the abnormal point to the present and the pipe inner diameter, the current flow path of the abnormal point Calculate state,
The pipe diagnosis method according to claim 2 .
前記配管の異常箇所の長さは、前記配管表面の温度変化を用いて測定される、
請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載の配管診断方法。
The length of the abnormal point of the pipe is measured using the temperature change of the pipe surface,
The piping diagnosis method according to claim 1 .
前記異常箇所の現在の流路の状態とは、前記異常箇所に析出している析出物の厚さ、または、前記異常箇所を形成する減肉部の減肉量である、
請求項1から4の何れか一項に記載の配管診断方法。
The current state of the flow path of the abnormal point is the thickness of the precipitates deposited in the abnormal point, or the amount of thinning of the thinned portion forming the abnormal point,
The pipe diagnosis method according to claim 1 .
JP2018554806A 2016-12-09 2017-04-24 Piping diagnosis method Expired - Fee Related JP6693573B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016239162 2016-12-09
JP2016239162 2016-12-09
PCT/JP2017/016211 WO2018105142A1 (en) 2016-12-09 2017-04-24 Method, device and system for diagnosing pipe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPWO2018105142A1 JPWO2018105142A1 (en) 2019-06-24
JP6693573B2 true JP6693573B2 (en) 2020-05-13

Family

ID=62491529

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2018554806A Expired - Fee Related JP6693573B2 (en) 2016-12-09 2017-04-24 Piping diagnosis method

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JP6693573B2 (en)
WO (1) WO2018105142A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7307588B2 (en) * 2019-05-09 2023-07-12 株式会社東芝 Determining method for formation of flow path, determining device for performing the same, and power generation device
JP7324169B2 (en) * 2020-03-31 2023-08-09 日立グローバルライフソリューションズ株式会社 Foreign object detection system
CN111350948A (en) * 2020-04-13 2020-06-30 安徽理工大学 Pipeline leakage position calculation method based on beam forming
JP7024028B1 (en) 2020-09-11 2022-02-22 東芝プラントシステム株式会社 Residual fluid level detection device, detection system, and detection method
JP7812370B2 (en) * 2020-09-18 2026-02-09 ワットロー・エレクトリック・マニュファクチャリング・カンパニー Device for detecting material deposits in a fluid flow conduit - Patent application
CN113108711A (en) * 2021-04-16 2021-07-13 南京金创有色金属科技发展有限公司 High-temperature pipeline compensation section deformation measurement method
CN121754793A (en) * 2024-09-30 2026-03-31 心擎医疗(苏州)股份有限公司 Flushing system abnormality detection method, device and system for medical equipment

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61195326A (en) * 1985-02-26 1986-08-29 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Water leak detection device
JPH01147354A (en) * 1987-12-03 1989-06-09 Nkk Corp Thickness-reduction part detecting method for internal surface of body to be inspected
JPH0293315A (en) * 1988-09-30 1990-04-04 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Method for testing the thickness of metal pipe walls, etc.
JPH07103960B2 (en) * 1991-04-06 1995-11-08 石油資源開発株式会社 Pipeline leak detection method
JP2000161943A (en) * 1998-11-26 2000-06-16 Hitachi Ltd Pipe thickness measuring device
JP4579749B2 (en) * 2005-04-01 2010-11-10 東電工業株式会社 Pipe thinning prediction apparatus and pipe thinning prediction method
US9377424B2 (en) * 2013-01-17 2016-06-28 University Of South Carolina Methods of detecting latent stains on a surface

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2018105142A1 (en) 2018-06-14
JPWO2018105142A1 (en) 2019-06-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP6693573B2 (en) Piping diagnosis method
CN110297009B (en) Non-invasive wall diagnosis
KR101135168B1 (en) Method and system for inspecting creep and thinned damage in heat exchanger steam tube
US10401250B2 (en) Leakage detection and leakage location in supply networks
US10634536B2 (en) Method and system for multi-phase flow measurement
JP6685404B2 (en) Piping network leak detection system, leak detection device used therefor, and leak detection method
CN102652258B (en) Fouling detection device and fouling detection method
JP7006766B2 (en) Piping diagnostic method, piping diagnostic device, and piping diagnostic system
CN102317749A (en) Measuring device for heat exchangers
JP2015132453A (en) Boiler water wall tube overheat damage diagnostic apparatus and boiler water wall tube overheat damage diagnostic method
CN116839521A (en) Online monitoring method and system for scale of heat exchange system pipeline
CN102597742B (en) Deposition sensor based on differential heat transfer resistance
CN110909505A (en) Transient temperature field calculation method of nuclear power plant fatigue monitoring and life evaluation system
JP5559091B2 (en) Calibration device for flow measuring device
JPH07198503A (en) Fluid temperature measuring device in piping
CN112525774B (en) Measuring method for flow velocity, density and viscosity based on vortex shedding flowmeter frequency spectrum
CN115930874A (en) Deposit Thickness Estimation Device, Estimation Method, and Non-Transitory Computer-Readable Recording Medium
CN204176341U (en) A kind of leak detecting device of defeated hot three layers of sleeve pipe
JP2002022686A (en) High-temperature heat transfer section damage / dirt evaluation method
CN104534895A (en) Device and method for measuring material temperature uniformity of heating furnace
JP2012154855A (en) Physical quantity measuring device and physical quantity measuring method
CN204373714U (en) Outer clip hot type bore Ф 6-20mm gas flow sensor
CN203785811U (en) Freeze dryer plate layer temperature monitoring device and freeze dryer
JP7111014B2 (en) Flow measurement system, flow measurement device and flow measurement method
JP2006010473A (en) Method for measuring fluid temperature flowing through pipe and method for measuring fluid heat quantity

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20190307

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20200107

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20200302

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20200317

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20200330

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 6693573

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees