JP6700930B2 - Sugar cane transplanter - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a sugar cane transplanter, and more particularly, to a sugar cane transplanter capable of reliably growing seedlings even in poorly drained land and deeply planting them.

  Conventionally, a crushed soil rotor is arranged in the front part of a sugarcane planting work machine, a ridger (grooving plow) is arranged on one side of the crushed soil rotor, an auxiliary ridger is arranged on the other side of the crushed soil, and the ridger is supplied above the ridger. The cutting device was provided, and the auxiliary ridger was constructed so as to make a groove shallower than the ridger. A soil cover plate and a pressure suppression roller are arranged behind the ridger, and a fertilizer application device is disposed above the soil cover plate and the pressure suppression roller. In such a structure, after crushing with the crushed soil rotor, a shallow V groove is formed with the auxiliary ridger, and at the time of the next work of planting, the shallow groove is used as a marker and the left and right front wheels run while stepping on the V groove. Then, the bottom of this shallow V groove is deeply plowed with a ridger to form a deeper V groove, and seed millet is aligned and dropped in this deep V groove, and the fertilizer is dropped from the fertilizer applicator, and thereafter. A technique has been known in which soil is covered with a soil cover plate, the pressure is suppressed by a pressure roller, and deep planting is performed (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP 2004-8175 A

  However, in the case of the technique of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, when planting is performed in soil with poor drainage, seed millet is buried deep in the V groove, so that if rain continues, water accumulates at the bottom of the groove and the seed millet rots. Poor germination sometimes occurred. In addition, since the deep groove is formed by the ridger, the displaced soil rises up to the side of it, and after the soil cover plate has passed, the raised soil collapses, leaving more soil on the planted seed millet. Sometimes the roots were covered and the roots were raised to a high position, and when the plants were lined up the following year, the upper roots were cut off, resulting in poor germination. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a sugar cane transplanter that can well maintain the drainage of a groove into which a seed millet is transplanted and that has a uniform depth of soil covered with the seed millet.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above, and the means for solving this problem will be described below.
That is, in claim 1, the subsoiler is provided in front of the lower part of the main frame and is formed on the bottom surface of the groove portion and the bottom surface of the groove portion when the groove is advanced as the subsoiler is formed. When a guide portion for dropping the cut portion to create a seed millet by cutting the sugarcane plants, seeds millet in the vicinity of the drainage grooves on the bottom surface of the cutting portion, cover soil for soil covering the seed millet on the bottom surface And a pressure-reducing portion that represses the groove after the soil-covering portion covers the soil.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a soil discharging plate that discharges soil that has risen near the left and right sides of the groove due to the advance of the groove making portion in a direction away from the groove as the soil advances.

  In the present invention, the working groove portion includes a groove forming plate and a lower working groove device, and the bottom surface of the lower working groove device is formed in an inverted V-shape in a front cross-sectional view in which the left-right center is higher. .

The effects of the present invention are as follows.
That is, the seed millet can be transplanted to a deep and uniform depth to improve the growth of side branches, improve the root tension, improve the growth of sugar cane, and prevent lodging. In addition, drainage becomes good, and germination failure can be reduced.

The side view which showed the whole structure of the sugar cane transplanter. The rear view which showed the whole structure of the sugar cane transplanter. The figure which shows the process of transplanting a seed millet in a groove. The figure which shows the sprouting of sugar cane. (A) A front view of the groove forming plate and the undergrooving device, (b) A side view of the groove forming plate and the undergrooving device, (c) A view showing a state in which seed mills are dropped in the groove.

  First, the overall structure of the sugar cane transplanter 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The front-back direction will be defined with the F direction as the front. The sugar cane transplanter 1 is provided with a hitch 11 at the front end for attaching to a work implement mounting device arranged at the rear of the tractor, and a horizontal frame 12 is horizontally provided at the rear of the hitch 11, and left and right of the horizontal frame 12 are provided. The main frame 13 extends rearward from both sides. A mounting table 14 is arranged on the main frame 13 in a substantially horizontal direction. Frame members 15 are erected on the front part and the left and right sides of the mounting table 14 so that the defoliated whole-stem sugar cane seedlings can be leaned against the frame members 15. In this way, the front part of the mounting table 14 is used as a mounting part for sugarcane seedlings.

  The rear part of the mounting table 14 is a step so that an operator can get on and off, and a seat 16 on which a planting operator is seated is provided at the left and right center of the rear part of the mounting table 14. Two workers can be seated on the seat 16. Further, a supply port 17 for introducing sugarcane seedlings is opened at a substantially central portion in the front, rear, left and right of the mounting table 14, and a cutting part 18 is disposed below the supply port 17. In addition, in this embodiment, since two rows are planted, two supply ports 17 are provided on the left and right. A fertilizer applicator 19 is arranged below the seat 16 at the rear center of the left and right of the placing table 14.

  The cutting part 18 is attached to the front and rear midway part of the main frame 13. The cutting section 18 is composed of a cylinder cutter or the like, and the cutter is rotated by a driving force from a driving wheel 25 described later, and when the sugarcane seedling is inserted from the supply port 17, the cutting section 18 is cut into a predetermined length to become a seed millet 4 and downward. To fall.

  A guide portion 60 is disposed below the cutting portion 18, and the seed millet 4 dropped from the cutting portion 18 is guided by the guide portion 60 and falls on both sides of the bottom surface 2a of the groove 2 formed by the groove forming portion 20 described later. . The guide portion 60 is composed of a guide plate 61 and the like that is obliquely provided from the lower side of the cutting portion 18 to the lower rear side so that the seed millet 4 is aligned so as to face in the front-rear direction and slides down. A guide plate 24, which supports the lower end of the hose communicating with the lower portion of the fertilizer applicator 19 and determines the falling position of the fertilizer, is disposed behind the guide portion 60. In this way, the seed millet 4 is applied to the fertilizer after being dropped on the bottom surface 2a of the groove 2.

  A groove 20 is disposed below the front of the main frame 13. The groove forming part 20 is composed of a groove forming plate 21, a lower groove forming device 22 and a subsoiler 23. The groove forming plate 21 is formed in a substantially V shape in a plan view, the front part thereof is supported by a supporting rod, and the upper end of the supporting rod is formed. Is attached to the horizontal frame 12 so as to be adjustable in vertical height. The undergrooving device 22 is formed in a substantially triangular pyramid shape and fixed to the front lower end of the groove forming plate 21. A subsoiler 23 is provided so as to project downward from the center of the rear portion of the undergroover 22 at the left and right. Thus, when the sugar cane transplanter 1 is advanced, a groove 2 having an inverted trapezoidal shape in cross section is formed as shown in FIG. 3, and a deeper drainage groove 3 is formed by the subsoiler 23 at the center of the bottom surface 2a.

  A drive shaft 25a is rotatably supported below the rear portion of the main frame 13, and drive wheels 25 are fixed to the left and right sides of the drive shaft 25a. A sprocket is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 25a, and the cutting portion 18 and the fertilizer applicator 19 can be driven from the sprocket via a chain. However, the power transmission member is not limited to a chain and a sprocket, and a gear, a belt, or the like can be used, and power may be transmitted from the PTO shaft of the tractor that pulls the sugar cane transplanter 1. It is also possible to directly drive the cutting unit 18 and the fertilizer applicator 19 with a motor or the like.

  A rear frame 26 extends from the rear portion of the main frame 13 further rearward. A front end of the rear frame 26 is vertically rotatably attached to a rear portion of the main frame 13, and the rear frame 26 is urged downward between a front and rear midway portion of the rear frame 26 and a support frame of the fertilizer applicator 19. A biasing member 28 composed of a spring or the like is provided. Further, the attachment bars 27 are provided laterally in the middle of the front and rear of the rear frame 31, the earth removal portions 30 are provided at both left and right ends of the attachment bars 27, and the soil covering portions 40 are provided inside the earth removal portions 30. Further, a pressure suppressing portion 50 is provided at the rear end of the rear frame 26.

  The earth discharging part 30 includes a supporting rod 31 and an earth discharging plate 32. An upper end of the supporting rod 31 is attached to the mounting bar 27, and an earth discharging plate 32 is attached to a lower end of the supporting rod 31. An attachment portion is formed between the upper portion of the support rod 31 and the attachment bar 27, and the attachment portion allows the support rod 31 to be adjusted in the left-right position and in the vertical direction, and the attachment angle of the earth discharging plate 32 can be adjusted. It can be changed. That is, the left and right positions of the mounting portion are adjusted according to the left and right width of the groove 2 and fixed by bolts or the like. Further, a pipe whose axial center faces the up-down direction is fixedly mounted on the mounting bar 27 by the mounting portion, the supporting rod 31 is inserted into the pipe, the vertical position and the angle are adjusted, and the supporting rod is supported by pins or bolts. 31 is fixed to the pipe. In this way, by adjusting the vertical position of the soil discharging plate 32, it is possible to match the height of the groove 2 on both the left and right sides, and by changing the angle of the soil discharging plate 32, the amount of soil discharged can also be adjusted. There is.

  The earth-discharging plate 32 is formed in a disk shape, and the center thereof is rotatably supported by the lower end of the support rod 31 or is non-rotatably fixed. The height of the soil discharging plate 32 is set to about the height of the upper portion of the groove forming plate 21, and the left and right soil discharging plates 32 are disposed outside the left and right ends of the groove forming plate 21. The surface of 32 is attached to the left and right diagonal outward direction, that is, is attached in a substantially inverted V shape toward the traveling direction in a plan view so as to push the soil outward.

  The soil cover 40 includes a support rod 41 and a soil cover plate 42. The upper end of the support rod 41 is attached to the mounting bar 27, and the soil cover plate 42 is rotatably or non-rotatably attached to the lower end of the support rod 41. A mounting portion is formed between the upper portion of the support rod 41 and the mounting bar 27, similarly to the earth discharging portion 30, and the mounting portion allows the support rod 41 to be adjusted in the left-right position, the vertical position, and the soil cover. The mounting angle of the plate 42 can be changed.

  The soil cover plate 42 is rearward (or frontward, or front-rear equivalent position) and lower than the soil discharge plate 32, and inside (machine center side), and the lower end of the soil cover plate 42 is the groove forming plate 21. It is attached so that it is almost the same height as the bottom edge. The left and right positions of the soil discharging plate 32 are near the left and right ends of the compression roller 52, which will be described later. Then, the surfaces of the soil cover plates 42, 42 are attached so as to face the front inward direction. That is, the soil discharging plates 32, 32 are attached so as to face in the left-right direction, that is, are attached in a substantially V shape in the traveling direction in a plan view so as to collapse the soil inward.

  The compression unit 50 includes a roller frame 51 and a compression roller 52. The roller frame 51 has a substantially inverted U-shape when viewed from the rear, and the center of the left and right is fixed to the rear end of the rear frame 26. Further, the roller shaft 52a of the compression roller 52 is rotatably supported. The compression roller 52 is formed in a cylindrical shape, the lower end of the compression roller 52 is substantially aligned with the lower end of the groove forming plate 21, and the width of the compression roller 52 is inside the width of the rear portion of the groove forming plate 21. I have to.

  In such a configuration, when the planting work is performed while pulling the sugar cane transplanter 1 by the tractor, as shown in FIG. 3( a ), the groove forming plate 21 of the groove forming portion 20 and the lower groove forming device 22 are substantially reversed. The trapezoidal groove 2 and the subsoiler 23 crush the cultivator at the center of the bottom surface 2a of the groove 2 to form the drainage groove 3, and the soil displaced by the groove forming plates 21 is piled up on both upper sides of the groove 2. Embankments 2b and 2b are formed.

  On the other hand, when the worker puts the defoliated whole-stem sugar cane seedlings into the supply port 17, the cutting unit 18 cuts the seedlings 4 to a predetermined length and the seed millet 4 drops downward, and is guided by the guide unit 60 to proceed. As shown in FIG. 3( b ), seed mills 4 are placed on the bottom surface 2 a of the groove 2 on both left and right sides of the drainage groove 3, as shown in FIG. 3B. After that, the fertilizer is dropped around the seed mill 4, and as shown in FIG. 3( c ), the embankment plate 32 pushes the embankments 2 b, 2 b that have been piled up on the side of the groove 2 outward, and the soil cover plate 42 By this, the soil on the side surface of the groove 2 is moved toward the center side to cover the seed millet 4 with soil, and the crushing roller 52 crushes the upper surface.

  In the construction of the undergrooving device 22, since the bottom surface is a horizontal surface, when the seed millet 4 falls on the bottom surface 2a of the groove 2, the seed millet 4 rolls near the center, and when it approaches, the root grows. There is a risk that they may be entangled with each other to cause entanglement and cause poor growth, or that they may get into the drainage groove 3 and become rotted due to excessive water content. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b), the left and right center of the lower surface may be an inclined surface that is slightly raised upward in a front view, and the inclined surface may be slightly raised in the front side in a side view. That is, the groove forming part 20 includes the groove forming plate 21 and the lower groove forming device 22, and the bottom surface of the lower groove forming device 22 can be formed in an inverted V shape in a front cross-sectional view with the center in the left and right being higher. With this structure, the cross-sectional shape after the groove 2 is formed by forming the groove is formed into a substantially W shape as shown in FIG. 5C. Thus, when the seed millet 4 after being cut by the cutting portion 18 falls on the bottom surface 2a of the groove 2, the seed millet 4 rolls to the left and right due to the inclination of the bottom surface, the seed millet is separated from each other, and enters the drainage groove 3. And the occurrence of poor germination and poor growth can be eliminated.

  Then, the seed millet 4 is buried at a constant depth position of the bottom surface 2a of the groove 2, and the raised embankment 2b on the upper side of the groove 2 is repelled, so that the seed millet 4 does not collapse and become deep, and the seed millet 4 does not become deep. Maintained in depth. Conventionally, the raised embankment 2b drops and fills it, resulting in uneven planting depth. If it is too shallow, root tension will be poor, and if it is too deep, germination will be delayed and weeds will be damaged, resulting in poor growth. Was supposed to. Further, since the drain groove 3 is formed on the side of the planted seed millet 4, the seed millet 4 can be prevented from decaying because the drainage groove 3 does not drain water. . However, the sugar cane transplanter 1 configured as described above may be self-propelled without being pulled by a tractor. Further, the crushing rotor may be arranged in front of the groove 20 and the sugar cane transplanter 1 may be attached to the rear part of the rotary tiller. Further, in the present embodiment, the two-row planting is used, but the one-row planting may be used as long as the seed millet is planted on the side surface of the drainage groove 3 on the bottom surface 2 a of the groove 2.

  The seed millet 4 thus planted has a bud at the node portion, and as shown in FIG. 4( a ), this bud grows to generate side branches and secondary side branches and tertiary side branches grow. After growing, it is cut and harvested at a predetermined height. The remaining stock is cut at a predetermined stock height to perform stock alignment. With this stock arrangement, the sprouting position will be closer to the ground. At the same time, root cutting is performed and the old root is cut by the root cutting to promote the generation of new roots. During the cultivation period of the first year, the soil on both sides of the groove 2 is brought closer to the plant side to promote rooting. In the following year, as shown in FIG. 4(b), buds emerge from this old strain and the yield can be increased. Then, when they grow further and are harvested, they will be stocked, rooted and cultivated as in the previous year. Similarly, in the third year, stocks are planted, roots are cut, and soil is cultivated to increase the yield and harvest. In the fourth year, old stocks are dug up, the transplanting work is performed as described above, and the above is repeated.

  As described above, the groove portion 20 provided on the lower front side of the main frame 13 and forming the groove 2 having a substantially flat bottom surface as it is advanced, and the groove portion 20 arranged on the bottom surface of the groove portion 20 and advancing the groove. 2 a sub-soiler 23 that forms a drainage groove 3 on the bottom surface 2a, a cutting portion 18 that cuts the sugar cane seedlings to form seed millet 4, and a seed millet near the drainage groove 3 on the bottom surface 2a from the cutting portion 18. According to the sugar cane transplanter 1 including the guide portion 60 for dropping 4, the soil covering portion 40 for covering the seed millet 4 on the bottom surface 2a, and the crushing portion 50 for crushing the groove 2 after the soil covering by the soil covering portion 40. A groove 2 having an inverted trapezoidal shape in cross section is formed in a field, a drainage groove 3 is formed deeper on a bottom surface 2a of the groove 2, and a seed millet 4 is placed on the bottom surface 2a of the groove 2 near the drainage groove 3. Later, it covers the trench 2 and suppresses the upper surface after covering it, so the seed millet 4 will be transplanted at a deep position, the area where the root will be expanded will be expanded, and many strong roots can be grown, and after harvesting , It is possible to prevent the rise of stocks and the deterioration of growth, eliminate stocks, and increase the sales. Further, since the deeper drainage groove 3 is formed on the bottom surface 2a of the groove 2, the drainage property is improved, and the water does not accumulate even when it is deeply planted, and the poor growth does not occur.

  Further, an earth digging plate 32 is provided for discharging the embankment 2b raised near the left and right sides of the groove 2 by the advancing of the grooving section 20 in a direction away from the groove 2 with the advancing. Since the soil can be discharged to the outside before the embankment 2b that rises on both sides of the soil is covered, when the soil cover plate 42 moves forward through the groove 2, the raised embankment 2b is dropped into the groove 2 and an excess amount of soil is removed. It is possible to cover the seed millet 4 with soil with a uniform thickness without covering it with soil.

1 Sugar cane transplanter 2 Groove 2a Bottom surface 3 Drainage groove 4 Type millet 18 Cutting section 20 Grooving section 23 Subsoiler 30 Exhaust section 40 Soil cover section 50 Squeezing section 60 Guide section

Claims (3)

A groove portion that is provided in the lower front of the main frame and forms a groove as it advances,
A sub-soiler that is disposed on the bottom surface of the groove part and forms a drain groove on the bottom surface of the groove as it advances.
A cutting part that cuts sugar cane seedlings to create seed millet,
A guide part that drops seed mills from the cutting part to the vicinity of the drainage groove on the bottom surface,
A soil covering portion for covering the seed millet on the bottom surface,
A sugar cane transplanting machine comprising: a crushing portion for crushing the groove after the soil covering by the soil covering portion. The sugar cane transplanter according to claim 1, further comprising a soil discharge plate that discharges soil that has risen near the left and right sides of the groove due to the advance of the groove making portion in a direction away from the groove as the advance proceeds. The groove forming portion includes a groove forming plate and a lower groove forming device,
The sugar cane transplanter according to claim 1, wherein a bottom surface of the undergroover is formed in an inverted V shape in a front cross-sectional view in which the center in the left and right is higher.

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