JP6712426B2 - Method and apparatus for producing feed - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing a feed using a food residue and an apparatus therefor, and more particularly, to a feed residue capable of reducing the content of fine metal impurities in the feed and providing a high-quality feed. The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing ration feed.

As the diet becomes richer in recent years, the amount of food residues discharged from the home, the food processing industry and the restaurant industry is increasing year by year.

In the past, it was common to treat these food residues by methods such as incineration, but in recent years, there is an increasing tendency to attach importance to environmental problems and effective use of resources, and food residues are used as feed. Ingenuity is being elaborated on the technology to be converted and utilized.

There are various methods for producing feed from food residues, such as a method of boiling food residues, a method of steaming, and a method of fermenting (Patent Document 1).

However, in these methods, since the water content of the produced feed is high, the rotting rate is high and there is a problem in terms of long-term storage.

On the other hand, as a method of producing feed from food residues, there is a method of drying under reduced pressure at oil temperature. The feed produced by this method is superior to the feeds produced by other methods in that it has a low water content, is less likely to rot, can be stored for a long period of time, and is not particularly limited in the storage conditions of the feed.

Since the feed obtained by drying under reduced pressure in oil temperature has excellent long-term storability as described above, it is expected to become a feed product that stimulates consumers' willingness to purchase and the sales volume is dramatically increased.
In order to increase the sales quantity, in addition to long-term shelf life, it is necessary that the item is an item that stimulates consumers' willingness to purchase. One of the conditions for being such an item is the metal content in the feed.

Conventionally, metal is removed before the oil-temperature reduced-pressure drying treatment, so that the feed rarely contains metal.

Since there is no legal regulation in Japan at present, there is no request to reduce the content of such fine metal impurities.

In recent years, it has been required to improve the quality of the final product feed. Although it is not actually a problem, it is expected that it does not contain metal impurities such as fine metal powder and contributes to high quality as an item that stimulates consumers' willingness to purchase.

JP, 9-24360, A

Then, the subject of this invention is reducing the content of the fine metal impurity in feed, and providing the manufacturing method of a feed using a food residue which can provide a high quality feed, and its apparatus. ..

Other problems of the present invention will be clarified by the following description.

The above problems can be solved by the following inventions.
The method for producing a feed according to claim 1, wherein an oil-temperature reduced-pressure drying step of removing moisture in the food residue by subjecting the food residue to an oil-temperature reduced-pressure drying treatment,
Then, in the oil temperature reduced pressure drying step, an oil extraction step of separating the oil component in the feed material that has been subjected to the oil temperature reduced pressure drying treatment,
Next, a crushing step of crushing the feed material from which the oil content has been separated in the oil pressing step,
Then, a sorting step of sieving the feed material crushed in the crushing step,
Next, the method is characterized by having a metal impurity removing step of applying a magnetic force to the feed material screened in the separating step to remove metal impurities.
The method for producing a feed according to a second aspect is the method for producing a feed according to the first aspect, characterized in that it has a step of roughly crushing a food residue as a pretreatment of the oil temperature reduced pressure drying step.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the method for producing the feed according to the second aspect, wherein foreign substances are removed from the coarsely crushed food residue after the step of roughly crushing.
The method for producing a feed according to claim 4, wherein in the method for producing a feed according to claim 1, 2 or 3, when the feed raw material is sieved in the separating step, a vibration for obtaining a feed raw material of 1 mm or more and 4 mm or less is obtained. It is characterized by using a sieve.
The method for producing a feed according to claim 5 is the method for producing a feed according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a magnet is provided as a device for removing magnetic impurities by applying a magnetic force in the metal impurity removal step. It is characterized by using a drum type separator.
The apparatus for producing feed according to claim 6, wherein an oil temperature reduced pressure dryer that removes water in the food residue by subjecting the food residue to an oil temperature reduced pressure drying process,
In the oil temperature reduced pressure dryer, an oil squeezing machine for separating the oil content in the feed material that has been subjected to the oil temperature reduced pressure drying treatment,
A crusher for crushing the feed material from which the oil has been separated by the oil crusher,
A vibrating screen for sieving the feed material that has been crushed by the crusher,
A metal impurity removing machine for removing metal impurities by applying a magnetic force to the feed raw material sieved by the vibrating sieve is provided.
The feed manufacturing apparatus according to claim 7 is the feed manufacturing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that it has a coarse crusher for roughly crushing food residues as pretreatment means for the oil-temperature reduced-pressure dryer. To do.
The feed producing apparatus according to claim 8 is the feed producing apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising a foreign matter removing machine for removing foreign matter from the coarsely crushed food residue as post-treatment means of the coarse crushing machine. Is characterized by.
A ninth aspect of the present invention is the feed producing apparatus according to the sixth, seventh or eighth aspect, wherein the vibrating sieve has an opening of 1 mm or more and 4 mm or less.
The feed producing apparatus according to claim 10 is the feed producing apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the metal impurity removing machine is a drum-type separator provided with a magnet.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the content of the fine metal impurities in feed can be reduced and the feed manufacturing method using the food residue and the apparatus which can provide high quality feed can be provided.

Block diagram illustrating an example of a manufacturing apparatus for carrying out the method for manufacturing a feed using the food residue of the present invention The figure explaining an example of an oil temperature decompression dryer Structural sectional view conceptually showing the structure of the metal impurity removing machine

Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a manufacturing apparatus for carrying out the method for manufacturing feed according to the present invention.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a coarse crusher for roughly crushing food residues. Reference numeral 2 is a foreign matter removing machine that removes foreign matter from the coarsely crushed food residue. Reference numeral 3 denotes an oil-temperature reduced-pressure dryer that removes water in the food residue by subjecting the food residue to an oil-temperature reduced-pressure drying treatment. Reference numeral 4 is an oil pressing machine for separating the oil content in the feed material which has been dried under reduced pressure at oil temperature. 5 is a crusher for crushing the feed material from which oil has been separated. Reference numeral 6 is a vibrating screen for sieving the pulverized feed raw material. A metal impurity removing machine 7 removes metal impurities by applying a magnetic force to the screened feed material.

The food residue is not particularly limited as long as it is an organic waste such as food. An example is a dregs.

The food residue is first supplied to the coarse crusher 1. The coarse crusher 1 coarsely crushes the food residue, which is a relatively large solid contained in the food residue, into fragments.
The foreign matter removing machine 2 separates and removes impurities such as metal and plastic from the food residue. As a means for separating contaminants, a means such as centrifugal separation or air blowing can be appropriately selected or used in combination. Although the metal here is of a relatively large form, a magnet can be used if necessary to separate such metal.

The separated and removed impurities may be sold or industrial waste may be processed if a certain amount of capacity is secured.

Next, the food residue is supplied to the oil temperature reduced pressure dryer 3 and dehydrated by the oil temperature reduced pressure drying process. That is, the food residue is heated and decompressed in oil such as waste edible oil to remove water in the food residue as steam. In this way, the water contained in the food residue is removed, and the food residue is reformed into the feed raw material and can be a useful feed valuable.

Hereinafter, an example of the oil temperature reduced pressure dryer 3 will be described with reference to FIG.

The oil temperature reduced pressure dryer 3 shown in FIG. 2 includes a pretreatment tank 31, an oil measuring tank 32, a boiler 33, an oil temperature reduced pressure drying device 34, a mist catcher 35, a condenser 36, a cooling tower 37, an oil separator 38, an oil tank 39. Equipped with. However, the oil temperature reduced pressure dryer 3 is not limited to such a configuration.

The feed raw material separated and removed by the foreign matter removing machine 2 is introduced into the pretreatment tank 31. In the pretreatment tank 31, medium oil is supplied from an oil measuring tank 32 containing oil such as waste cooking oil. The feed material is introduced into the pretreatment tank 31 and preheated. The heat source for preheating is supplied from the boiler 33.

The feed raw material preheated in the pretreatment tank 31 is introduced into the oil temperature reduced pressure drying device 34, and is dehydrated by the oil temperature reduced pressure drying process. That is, the feed material is heated and decompressed in oil such as waste edible oil to remove water in the feed material as steam.

In the oil-temperature reduced-pressure drying device 34, the vapor released from the feed material is collected by the mist catcher 35. The collected vapor is introduced into the condenser 36 to generate condensed water. Cooling water circulates in the condenser 36. The cooling water is cooled by the cooling tower 37.

The condensed water generated by the condenser 36 can be treated by a wastewater treatment facility or the like (not shown).

The feed valuables obtained by dehydration in the oil-temperature reduced-pressure drying device 34 are introduced into the oil separator 38 to separate the oil. The separated oil is stored in the oil tank 39. The oil stored in the oil tank 39 can be returned to the oil measuring tank 32 as medium oil and reused.

Next, the valuable material obtained by being dehydrated by the oil-temperature reduced-pressure dryer 3 is further supplied to the oil squeezing machine 4, and further oil content is separated. The oil component separated here can also be stored in the oil tank 39. The method of squeezing the oil by the oil squeezing machine 4 is not particularly limited, but in general, a pressing method such as a screw press can be used.

The oil separated by the oil crusher 4 can be stored in an oil tank (not shown). The oil stored in the oil tank can be reused as the oil mixed with the food residue in the mixing tank when the mixing tank is installed as a pretreatment of the oil-temperature reduced-pressure dryer 3.

Then, the feed material from which the oil content has been separated is provided to the crusher 5. At this time, it is preferable to grind so that the particle size is 1 to 4 mm or less when the final product is made as a feed for pigs, chickens and the like.

The crushed feed raw material is supplied to the vibrating screen 6. The opening of the vibrating screen 6 is preferably about 1 to 4 mm. The vibrating sieve 6 allows the feed material that could not pass through the sieve to be returned to the pulverizer 5 in the previous stage and pulverized again.

Next, the feed raw material that has passed through the sieve by the vibrating sieve 6 is supplied to the metal impurity removing machine 7, and the fine metal impurities that may be mixed in the feed raw material are removed by magnetic force.

Here, an example of the metal impurity removing machine will be described with reference to FIG.

The metal impurity removing machine 7 is not particularly limited as long as it can apply a magnetic force to remove the metal impurities, and a drum type separator having a magnet as shown in FIG. 3 can be preferably used.

As shown in FIG. 3, the drum separator has a rotating drum 71. The drum 71 is provided with an element (magnet) 72 that has magnetic force and does not rotate in a part of the inside thereof.

In the illustrated example, the feed raw material is fed through the feed raw material feeding port 73 located above the metal impurity removing machine 7 and comes into contact with the surface of the drum 71. Since the drum 71 is rotating, the feed material that comes into contact with the drum 71 is transferred in the rotating direction of the drum 71. Inside the drum 71, there is an element 72 that has a magnetic force and does not rotate. When the feed material comes into contact with the drum 71 above the element 72, metallic impurities that are magnetic substances are mixed into the feed material. In this case, the metal impurities are attracted to the surface of the drum 71 by magnetic force.

The non-magnetic material in the feed material is transferred in the rotation direction with the rotation of the drum 71 and is collected in the feed collection port 74.

On the other hand, the metal impurities adsorbed on the surface of the drum 71 by the magnetic force are transferred in the rotating direction as the drum 71 rotates, and when the element 72 does not exist and reaches a region having no magnetic force, the drum 71 And is collected in the metal impurity recovery port 75. In this way, it is possible to remove and collect fine metal impurities that are mixed in the feed raw material.

The strength of the magnetic force applied to the metal impurity removing machine 7 is not particularly limited and can be appropriately determined according to the design of each plant. For example, it can be in the range of 1500 to 8000G.

The metal impurities removed by the metal impurity remover 7 can be removed by adhering to a magnet, and are mainly iron-based compounds containing iron as a main component, but not limited to this. By increasing the strength of the magnetic force, it is possible to remove stainless compounds and the like, and it is possible to remove the content of metal impurities in the feed with a higher probability.

The removed metal impurities may be treated by industrial waste treatment or the like, or may be treated for sale when a certain amount of capacity is secured.

As described above, the feed material obtained by being supplied to the metal impurity removing machine 7 has a reduced content of fine metal impurities and becomes a high quality feed as a final product.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described aspect, and a magnet may be provided at the inlet of the feed raw material of the oil pressing machine 4. Since the oil crusher 4 includes the magnet, it is possible to further remove metal impurities that could not be removed by the foreign matter remover 2, and the oil crusher 4 is clogged with metal impurities during oil crushing, which causes a mechanical failure. There is an effect that the risk can be reduced. The metal impurities removed at this time may be sold or industrial waste may be processed if a certain amount of capacity is secured.

Further, although the above description has described the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. In the present invention, the step of performing coarse crushing treatment by the coarse crusher 1 and/or the step of performing foreign matter removal treatment by the foreign matter removing machine 2 may be omitted.

Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

(Example 1)
Using the manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, 6900.0 g of feed manufactured by omitting the metal impurity removing machine 7 was prepared.
Next, the above-mentioned feed was subjected to a metal impurity removing treatment using a metal impurity removing machine 7 having the design described below. The respective weights of the product side and the metal impurity side are shown in Table 1.

<Metallic impurity remover 7>
Drum diameter: 381 mm
Drum width: 356mm
Rotation speed: 40 rpm
Maximum feed raw material throughput: 42 m ³ /Hr
Magnetic force: 1500G

<Evaluation>
As shown in Table 1, the metal impurities removing machine 7 was able to remove 7.3 g of the metal impurities contained in 6900.0 g of the feed. That is, according to the present invention, it can be understood that a trace amount of metal impurities mixed in by about 0.1% with respect to 100% of feed can be removed.

1: Coarse crusher 2: Foreign matter remover 3: Oil temperature reduced pressure dryer 4: Oil crusher 5: Crusher 6: Vibrating screen 7: Metal impurity remover

Claims (2)

The food residue, which is a relatively large solid contained in the food residue, is roughly crushed and fragmented using a coarse crusher,
A relatively large form of metal from the food residue that has been roughly crushed, and foreign substances that are contaminants containing plastic are removed by a foreign substance removing machine,
The food residue is put into an oil-temperature reduced-pressure dryer to remove water in the food residue by an oil-temperature reduced-pressure drying treatment ,
In the oil temperature reduced pressure dryer, the feed material that has been subjected to the oil temperature reduced pressure drying process is sent to an oil pressing machine to separate the oil content in the feed material and the magnet provided in the oil pressing machine cannot remove it in the foreign matter removing machine. Further removed metallic impurities,
Oil components are separated by the oil pressing machine , and the feed material from which metal impurities that could not be removed by the foreign matter removing machine are further removed is ground by a grinding machine,
The feed raw material pulverized by the pulverizer is sieved with a vibrating sieve having an opening of 1 to 4 mm without using wind force,
A method for producing a feed, which comprises removing fine metal impurities by applying a magnetic force to the feed material that has passed through the vibrating screen using a metal impurity removing machine including a drum-type separator provided with a magnet. .. A coarse crusher for coarsely crushing and fragmenting food residues, which are relatively large solids contained in food residues,
A foreign matter removing machine for removing foreign matter, which is a contaminant containing relatively large-sized metal and plastic, from the food residue subjected to coarse crushing treatment,
An oil temperature reduced pressure dryer for removing water in the food residue by subjecting the food residue to an oil temperature reduced pressure drying treatment,
In the oil-temperature reduced-pressure dryer, while separating the oil component in the feed raw material that has been subjected to the oil-temperature reduced-pressure drying treatment, an oil extractor equipped with a magnet for further removing metal impurities that could not be removed by the foreign matter removing machine ,
A crusher for crushing the feed raw material in which the oil components are separated by the oil crusher, and the metal impurities that could not be removed by the foreign matter remover are further removed ,
A vibrating sieve having an opening of about 1 to 4 mm for sieving the feed material pulverized by the pulverizer without using wind force ,
An apparatus for producing feed, comprising a metal impurity removing machine that removes fine metal impurities from a feed material that has passed through the vibrating screen using a drum-type separator provided with a magnet .

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