JP6729429B2 - forklift - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a forklift truck.

It is widely known to perform cargo handling by a forklift, and for example, when moving a load placed on a pallet, the fork is inserted into the pallet and the load on the pallet is lifted. By the way, if the pallet is placed at a position where the fork cannot be inserted sufficiently into the pallet, the fork cannot lift the load. Therefore, when the fork cannot be sufficiently inserted into the pallet, for example, by using the sheath fork disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is possible to place a load by the fork. Inserting the fork into the sheath fork increases the length of the fork and allows the fork to be fully inserted into the pallet.

As another conventional technique, for example, a forklift-only auxiliary tool disclosed in Patent Document 2 is known. This forklift-only auxiliary tool includes a rectangular and tubular main body having a size that fits into a fork, and a similarly rectangular and tubular rod having a size that sequentially enters the main body. The main body and the rod member constitute a telescopic rod, and a base portion of the main body which is a base portion of the telescopic rod is provided with a mounting portion for fixing to a fork of a forklift truck. Further, an L-shaped engaging portion that engages with the pallet is detachably provided with a bolt at the tip of the telescopic rod.

When pulling out a pallet loaded with a load in the back of the container by using this auxiliary tool for a forklift, the main body is fixed to the fork of the forklift truck, and the telescopic rod is inserted into the insertion hole of the pallet. The fork is moved up and down to hang the L-shaped engaging portion on the side edge or the frame of the pallet and pull the pallet to the entrance/exit of the container. After towing, the rods will be stored in the main body and shortened, and the pallet will be transported.

JP, 2004-51354, A JP, 2004-142834, A

However, in Patent Documents 1 and 2, there is a problem that it is necessary to attach and detach the sheath fork or the forklift dedicated auxiliary tool to the fork of the forklift. The operation of attaching and removing the heavy fork or forklift or auxiliary equipment for the forklift is complicated. In addition, a place for storing the sheath fork or auxiliary equipment for forklift is required. In addition, in a forklift with a fork or a forklift-only auxiliary tool attached, the fork is long, so the forklift is restricted in its small rotation. There is.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to place a pallet at a position where a fork cannot be sufficiently inserted without the need for attaching or detaching a sheath fork or a forklift dedicated auxiliary tool. The purpose of this is to provide a forklift that enables the handling of cargo.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention provides a forklift having a placing part capable of placing a load, and a forklift provided with a rising part rising from a base end of the placing part. And a pallet locking mechanism capable of locking the pallet, the pallet locking mechanism being rotatably provided on a side surface of the mounting portion, and having a rotation axis having an axis along the longitudinal direction of the mounting portion. The rotating shaft includes: a moving shaft; and a locking portion that is provided at a tip of the rotating shaft and that can be locked with the pallet in front of a tip of the placing portion by rotating the rotating shaft. The shaft diameter of is smaller than the plate thickness of the mounting portion.

In the present invention, the load of the pallet placed at the position where the fork cannot be fully inserted can be pulled out to the position where the fork is fully inserted by the pallet locking mechanism. Further, since the shaft diameter of the rotating shaft is smaller than the plate thickness of the mounting portion, the pallet locking mechanism provided on the fork does not hinder normal cargo handling that does not require pulling out.

Further, in the above-mentioned forklift, the locking portion may be a cylindrical shaft portion that is bent in a direction intersecting with the axis of the rotating shaft.
In this case, since the shaft part in which a part of the rotating shaft is bent is the locking part, the locking part can be configured relatively simply by bending the rotating shaft. Further, since the shaft portion has a cylindrical shape, it is possible to maintain a good locked state between the locking portion and the pallet.

Further, in the above forklift, the rotating shaft may be provided on a side surface inside the placing portion.
In this case, compared with the case where the rotation shaft is provided on the outer side surface of the mounting portion, the rotation shaft is less likely to interfere with other members during cargo handling, and damage to the pallet locking mechanism can be suppressed.

Further, in the above forklift, a rotation drive source that rotates the rotation shaft may be provided on the back surface of the rising portion.
In this case, since the rotary drive source for the rotary shaft is provided, the rotary shaft can be rotated by the operation of the rotary drive source.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a forklift capable of loading and unloading a pallet placed in a position where the fork cannot be sufficiently inserted without requiring the attachment and detachment of a sheath fork or a forklift auxiliary device. ..

It is a side view which shows the forklift truck which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the principal part of the forklift truck which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a side view of the fork provided on the left side of the lift bracket, and (b) is a plan view of the fork. It is a perspective view of a metal pallet as an object of cargo handling work. (A) is a side view showing a state in which the pallet is inserted in the middle, (b) is a side view showing a state in which a shaft portion is erected, and (c) is a state in which the pallet is pulled out. It is a side view shown. (A) is a side view of the fork provided on the left side of the forklift according to the reference example , and (b) is a side view of the fork provided on the left side. It is a perspective view of a wooden pallet.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, the forklift according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that "front and rear", "right and left", and "up and down" that specify the direction are shown with reference to a state in which the operator of the forklift is seated on the driver's seat and faces the forward side of the forklift.

As shown in FIG. 1, the forklift includes a cargo handling device 12 at the front of a vehicle body 11. A driver's seat 13 is provided near the center of the vehicle body 11. Drive wheels 14 as front wheels are provided at the front of the vehicle body 11, and steered wheels 15 as rear wheels are provided at the rear of the vehicle body 11. A counterweight 16 is provided at the rear portion of the vehicle body 11, and the counterweight 16 is for adjusting the vehicle weight and balancing the weight of the vehicle body 11. The forklift of the present embodiment is an engine forklift that travels by the driving force of an internal combustion engine (not shown) mounted on the vehicle body 11. The vehicle body 11 is provided with a head guard 17 that covers an upper portion of the driver's seat 13.

The cargo handling device 12 includes a mast 20 having an outer mast 18 and an inner mast 19. The pair of left and right outer masts 18 are provided with inner masts 19 that are slidable inside the outer masts 18. A tilt cylinder 21 that is operated by hydraulic pressure is installed between the vehicle body 11 and the outer mast 18. The mast 20 tilts in the front-rear direction with the lower end as a fulcrum by the operation of the tilt cylinder 21. The mast 20 is provided with a lift cylinder 22 that is hydraulically operated. The operation of the lift cylinder 22 causes the inner mast 19 to slide up and down in the outer mast 18. A pair of left and right forks 30 is provided on the mast 20 via a lift bracket 24, and the lift bracket 24 is provided so as to move up and down with respect to the inner mast 19.

As shown in FIG. 2, the lift bracket 24 includes a pair of upper and lower finger bars 25 and 26, and a connecting member 27 that connects both ends of the pair of upper and lower finger bars 25 and 26, respectively. The upper finger bar 25 is an upper finger bar, and the lower finger bar is a lower finger bar. The finger bars 25 and 26 are members that lock the pair of left and right forks 30 , respectively. A backrest 28 can be attached to the lift bracket 24 as shown in FIG. 1. The backrest 28 is not shown in FIG.

The fork 30 includes a mounting portion 31 on which a load can be mounted, and a rising portion 32 formed by rising from the base end of the mounting portion 31. The mounting portion 31 and the rising portion 32 are integrally formed, and the fork 30 has a substantially L-shape. As shown in FIG. 3A, the mounting portion 31 is formed so that the plate thickness decreases from the base end toward the tip. The upper surface 33 of the mounting portion 31 is a substantially horizontal flat surface, and the lower surface 34 is inclined with respect to the upper surface 33. The outer side surface 35 of the mounting portion 31 is a part of the outer side surface of the fork 30, and the inner side surface 36 of the mounting portion 31 is a part of the inner side surface of the fork 30. As shown in FIG. 3B, the tip of the mounting portion 31 is formed in an arc shape in plan view.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the plate thickness of the rising portion 32 is constant, and the front surface (front surface) 37 and the rear surface (back surface) 38 of the rising portion 32 are substantially vertical surfaces. The front surface 37 of the rising portion 32 and the upper surface 33 of the mounting portion 31 form a substantially right angle. Outer surface 39 of the rising portion 32 is a portion of the outer surface of the fork 30, the inner side surface 40 of the rising portion 32 is a portion of the inner surface of the fork 30. Therefore, the side surface 35 of the mounting portion 31 and the side surface 39 of the rising portion 32 are the outer surface of the fork 30, and the side surface 36 of the mounting portion 31 and the side surface 40 of the rising portion 32 are the inner surface of the fork 30.

An upper hook 41 locked to the finger bar 25 and a lower hook 42 locked to the finger bar 26 are fixed to the rear surface 38 of the rising portion 32. As shown in FIG. 3B, the upper hook 41 has a hole 44 formed in parallel with the extending direction of the rising portion 32. A lock pin 45 is inserted into the hole 44 (see FIG. 1). The lock pin 45 is a member for positioning the fork 30 with respect to the finger bar 25.

In the present embodiment, the pallet locking mechanism 50 is provided on each fork 30. The pallet locking mechanism 50 is a mechanism for pulling out a pallet of a load placed at a position where the fork 30 cannot be fully inserted to a position where the fork 30 is fully inserted.
The pallet locking mechanism 50 includes a rotating shaft 51 that is rotatably provided on the inner side surface 36 of the mounting portion 31.

The rotation shaft 51 has a shaft main body 52 having an axis P extending along the longitudinal direction of the mounting portion 31, and a cylindrical shaft part bent at a tip end of the shaft main body 52 in a direction intersecting with the shaft center P. And 53. The shaft body 52 is rotatably supported by a plurality of (two) shaft support members 54 attached to the inner side surface 36. The shaft body 52 is formed with a shaft diameter enlarging portion 55 whose shaft diameter is larger than the shaft diameter of the shaft body 52. The end surface of the shaft diameter enlarging portion 55 on the tip end side is a tip end side shaft support member 54. Abutting the end face of. The shaft diameter enlarging portion 55 is provided to receive a load in the direction of the axis P received by the rotating shaft 51 when the rotating shaft 51 pulls out the pallet.

The tip of the shaft body 52 projects from the tip of the mounting portion 31, and the end of the shaft body 52 on the opposite side of the tip projects from the rear surface 38 of the rising portion 32 to the lift bracket 24 side. As shown in FIG. 3A, since the shaft diameter of the rotating shaft 51 is smaller than the thickness of the mounting portion 31, most of the shaft main body 52 does not substantially protrude from the side surface 36 in a side view.

The shaft portion 53 is integrally formed with the shaft main body 52 and corresponds to a locking portion capable of locking with the pallet. The shaft portion 53 normally extends inward in the width direction in front of the mounting portion 31, and when the pallet is pulled out, the shaft portion 53 is turned upward by turning the turning shaft 51. The length of the shaft portion 53 is set so that it does not exceed the width of the mounting portion 31 and does not hinder the drawing of the pallet. The highest portion of the shaft portion 53 in the normal state does not exceed the upper surface 33 of the mounting portion 31.

As shown in FIG. 3B, the rear surface 38 of the rising portion 32 is provided with an electric motor 56 as a rotary drive source for rotating the rotary shaft 51. The electric motor 56 and the rotating shaft 51 are connected via a gear (not shown), and the rotation of the electric motor 56 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 51. The electric motor 56 rotates the rotating shaft 51 by 90° so that the shaft portion 53 stands up from the normal state, and rotates the rotating shaft 51 in the opposite direction by 90° so as to return the standing shaft portion 53 to the normal state. Reverse rotation is performed. A harness (not shown) of the electric motor 56 is connected to a connector (not shown) provided on the lift bracket 24. This connector is connected to the cable connected to the power supply. The driver's seat 13 is provided with an operation switch (not shown) for the electric motor 56, and the electric motor 56 is controlled by operating an operation switch of an operator of the forklift.

Next, the cargo handling work by the forklift of the present embodiment will be described. The load W that is the target of the cargo handling work is placed on the metal pallet 60 shown in FIG. 4 as an example. The pallet 60 includes a frame member 61 that surrounds the four sides, and a flat mounting plate 62 that is fixed above and below the frame member 61. The frame member 61 is formed with an insertion opening 63 into which the fork 30 can be inserted.

When the load W of the pallet 60 is loaded at a position where the fork 30 cannot be fully inserted, for example, when the fork 30 is loaded in the back of a truck bed, the pallet locking mechanism 50 locks the pallet 60 and the fork 30 can be fully inserted. Pull the pallet 60 together with the load W to the position. A specific procedure for pulling out the pallet 60 is shown in FIGS. 5(a) to 5(c).

First, as shown in FIG. 5A, the forklift operator inserts the fork 30 into the insertion opening 63 of the pallet 60 as much as possible. At this time, the pallet locking mechanism 50 is in a normal state, and the shaft portion 53 is in a state of not standing up. Next, the forklift operator inserts the fork 30 as much as possible, and then positively rotates the electric motor 56 to rotate the rotating shaft 51. As shown in FIG. 5B, the rotation of the rotation shaft 51 causes the shaft portion 53 to stand upright. The operator raises the fork 30 after standing up the shaft portion 53 and retracts the forklift. The shaft portion 53 is locked to the frame member 61 of the pallet 60 by the retraction of the forklift. When the forklift further retracts, the pallet 60 is pulled out together with the load W as shown in FIG.

When the shaft portion 53 is locked to the mounting plate 62 of the pallet 60 and the pallet 60 is pulled out together with the load W, the rotating shaft 51 receives a load in the axial center P direction. When the shaft diameter enlarging portion 55 is brought into contact with the shaft support member 54, the load of the rotary shaft 51 is received by the shaft support member 54.

When the pallet 60 is pulled out together with the load W to a position where the fork 30 can be sufficiently inserted into the pallet 60, the operator rotates the rotating shaft 51 in the opposite direction by the reverse rotation of the electric motor 56. By rotating the rotating shaft 51 in the opposite direction, the shaft portion 53 falls down and the pallet locking mechanism 50 becomes normal. After the state of the pallet locking mechanism 50, the operator fully inserts the fork 30 into the pallet 60 and lifts the fork 30 to scoop the load together with the pallet 60 and move the load W. In this embodiment, the frame member 61 of the pallet 60 is a locked portion to which the locking portion is locked. Therefore, if the fork 30 can be inserted to a position where the shaft portion 53 of the pallet locking mechanism 50 exceeds the locked portion of the pallet 60, the pallet 60 can be pulled out. When the pallet locking mechanism 50 is in a normal state, normal cargo handling work that does not require pulling out the pallet 60 is possible.

The forklift of this embodiment has the following effects.
(1) The load W of the pallet 60 placed at a position where the fork 30 cannot be fully inserted can be pulled out to a position where the fork 30 is fully inserted by the pallet locking mechanism 50. Further, since the shaft diameter of the rotating shaft 51 is smaller than the plate thickness of the mounting portion 31, even when the pallet locking mechanism 50 is provided on the fork 30, the pallet locking mechanism 50 needs to be pulled out. Do not interfere with normal cargo handling.

(2) Since the locking portion is the shaft portion 53 formed by bending a part of the rotating shaft 51, the locking portion can be relatively easily formed only by bending the rotating shaft 51. Further, since the shaft portion 53 has a cylindrical shape, the shaft portion 53 and the pallet 60 can be kept in a good locked state.

(3) Since the rotating shaft 51 is provided on the inner side surface 36 of the mounting portion 31, compared with the case where the rotating shaft 51 is provided on the outer side surface 35 of the mounting portion, the rotating shaft 51 rotates during cargo handling. The shaft 51 is less likely to interfere with other members, and damage to the pallet locking mechanism 50 can be suppressed.

(4) Since the electric motor 56 as a rotation drive source for rotating the rotating shaft 51 is provided on the rear surface (back surface) 38 of the rising portion 32, the rotating shaft 51 is rotated by the operation of the electric motor 56. Can be made. Therefore, the operator of the forklift can operate the electric motor 56 by operating the operation switch from the driver's seat 13 when pulling out the pallet 60, and does not need to leave the driver's seat 13.

(5) When the pallet 60 is pulled out, a load in the direction of the axis P is generated on the rotating shaft 51. However, since the rotating shaft 51 is provided with the shaft diameter enlarging portion 55 that comes into contact with the shaft supporting member 54, the fork 30 supports the shaft supporting portion. The load in the direction of the axis P received by the rotary shaft 51 can be received via the member 54.

(6) Since the pallet locking mechanism 50 is provided, it is not necessary to attach or remove the sheath fork or the auxiliary tool dedicated to the forklift. Further, a place for storing the sheath fork or the auxiliary tool dedicated to the forklift is unnecessary. Although the shaft portion 53 is located in front of the tip of the fork 30, as compared with a forklift in which a sheath fork or a forklift-only auxiliary tool is still attached, the shaft portion 53 hardly interferes with a small turn of the forklift.

( Reference example )
Next, a forklift according to a reference example will be described. The structure of the pallet locking mechanism of this reference example is different from the structure of the pallet locking mechanism of the first embodiment. In this reference example , the description of the first embodiment is cited for the configuration common to the first embodiment, and common reference numerals are used.

As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, a pallet locking mechanism 70 is provided on each fork 30. Although only the left fork 30 is shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the pallet locking mechanism 70 is also provided on the right fork 30. The pallet locking mechanism 70 is a mechanism for pulling out a pallet of a load placed at a position where the fork 30 cannot be fully inserted to a position where the fork 30 is fully inserted. The pallet locking mechanism 70 includes a rotating rod 71 as a rotating member that is rotatably provided on the inner side surface 36 of the mounting portion 31.

The rotating rod 71 is an elongated rod main body 72 along the longitudinal direction of the mounting portion 31, and a shaft bent at a tip of the rod main body 72 in a direction intersecting with the upper surface 33 of the mounting portion 31 (upward). And a part 73. A base end of the rod main body 72 opposite to the shaft portion 73 is connected to a fulcrum shaft 74 provided on the rear surface 38 of the rising portion 32. The fulcrum shaft 74 is rotatably supported by a shaft support member 75 provided on the rear surface 38 of the rising portion 32 of the fork 30. The axis Q direction of the fulcrum shaft 74 is a direction along the left-right direction of the fork 30. Therefore, the rotating rod 71 can rotate about the fulcrum shaft 74 as a fulcrum, and the rotation of the rotating rod 71 causes the shaft portion 73 to be displaced in the up-and-down direction so that the rotating rod 71 appears and disappears from the upper surface 33.

The rear surface 38 of the rising portion 32 is provided with an electric motor 76 as a rotary drive source for rotating the fulcrum shaft 74. The fulcrum shaft 74 is connected to the electric motor 76 so that the rotation of the electric motor 76 is transmitted to the fulcrum shaft 74. A receiving member 77 that receives the rotating rod 71 is provided on the inner side surface 36 of the fork 30. The receiving member 77 restricts the rotation of the rotation rod 71 toward the lower surface 34 side. A harness (not shown) of the electric motor 76 is connected to a connector (not shown) provided on the lift bracket 24 as in the first embodiment. The driver's seat 13 is provided with an operation switch (not shown) for the electric motor 56, and the electric motor 56 is controlled by operating an operation switch of an operator of the forklift.

The shaft portion 73 is integrally formed with the rod main body 72, and corresponds to a locking portion that enables locking with the pallet when the pallet is pulled out. Although the shaft portion 73 is upright, the tip of the shaft portion 73 does not exceed the upper surface 33 of the mounting portion 31 in a normal state in which the rotating rod 71 is not rotated. When the rotating rod 71 is rotated in one direction (counterclockwise direction in FIG. 6A), the shaft portion 73 is displaced beyond the upper surface 33. When the rotating rod 71 is rotated in the other direction (clockwise direction in FIG. 6A) when the shaft portion 73 is displaced beyond the upper surface 33, the rod main body 72 is received by the receiving member 77. Upon receipt, the shaft 73 returns to its original position.

When pulling out the pallet 60, the operator of the forklift aligns the tip of the fork 30 with the gap G and then operates the electric motor 76 to rotate the rotating rod 71 about the fulcrum shaft 74. The shaft 73 is displaced beyond the upper surface 33 by the rotation of the rotary rod 71, and can be locked with the pallet 60. According to this reference example , the same operational effects as the operational effects (1) to (4) and (6) of the first embodiment are exhibited.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention, and for example, the following modifications may be made.

○ In the above embodiment, the rotation driving source for rotating the rotation shaft is provided, rotation driving source is not essential. For example, the rotary shaft may be rotated by the operator of the human power. When pivoting the rotating shaft by the operator of the human power, but preferably comprises a mechanical mechanism which allows the rotation of the rotary shaft at the driver's seat, the pivot shaft operator is away from the PC from the driver's seat It does not prevent you from directly operating.
○ In the above embodiment, using an electric motor as a rotation drive source of the rotation shaft, rotary drive source is not limited to the electric motor. A hydraulic cylinder may be used as the rotary drive source, for example.
In the above embodiment, the locking portion is the shaft portion formed by bending a part of the rotating shaft, but the invention is not limited to this. The locking portion may be a separate member that constitutes a part of the rotation shaft . Further, the locking portion is not limited to the shaft portion, and the shape thereof is arbitrary as long as it can be locked with the pallet.
○ In the above embodiment has been be provided a rotation shaft on a side surface of the inner fork, may be provided a rotation shaft on a side surface of the outer forks. Alternatively, for example, a rotating shaft provided on the inner side surface of the right fork may be provided a rotation shaft outside the side surface of the left fork.
In the above embodiment, the metal pallet is used, but the wooden pallet 80 shown in FIG. 7 may be the target of the cargo handling work. The wooden pallet 80 includes three girder members 81 arranged in parallel with each other and a plurality of deck boards 82 fixed above and below the girder member 81. An insertion opening 83 into which the fork 30 can be inserted is formed between the beam members 81. The deck boards 82 are arranged in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the girder member 81, and a gap G is formed between the deck boards 82 adjacent to each other. When pulling out the wooden pallet 80, the locking portion may be inserted into the gap G to lock the wooden pallet 80. If the gap G side of the deck board 82 of the wooden pallet 80 is the locked portion, and the fork 30 can be inserted to a position where the locking portion of the pallet locking mechanism exceeds the locked portion of the wooden pallet 80, the It is possible to pull out the pallet 80.

Reference Signs List 11 vehicle body 12 cargo handling device 13 driver's seat 20 mast 24 lift bracket 28 backrest 30 fork 31 mounting portion 32 rising portions 35, 36, 39, 40 side surface 37 front surface 38 rear surface 50, 70 pallet locking mechanism 51 rotating shaft 53, 73 Shafts 56, 76 Electric motor 60 Metal pallet 71 Rotating rod 74 Support shaft 80 Wood pallet G Gap P, Q Axis W Load

Claims (4)

A loading unit that allows loading,
In a forklift truck having a fork provided with a rising portion rising from the base end of the mounting portion,
The fork is provided with a pallet locking mechanism that can lock the pallet,
The pallet locking mechanism is
A rotation shaft that is rotatably provided on the side surface of the mounting portion and has a shaft center along the longitudinal direction of the mounting portion,
A locking portion that is provided at the tip of the rotation shaft and that can be locked with the pallet in front of the tip of the mounting portion by rotation of the rotation shaft;
The forklift truck is characterized in that a shaft diameter of the rotating shaft is smaller than a plate thickness of the mounting portion. The forklift according to claim 1, wherein the locking portion is a cylindrical shaft portion that is bent in a direction that intersects with the axis of the rotation shaft. The forklift according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotating shaft is provided on a side surface inside the placing portion. The forklift according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a rotary drive source that rotates the rotary shaft is provided on a back surface of the rising portion .

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