JP6730064B2 - Ship and cargo handling method - Google Patents

Description

The present disclosure relates to ships and cargo handling methods.

There is known a ship having a deck crane at a position in the left-right direction corresponding to the center position of the opening of the hold in the left-right direction and a hopper on the port side of the opening of the hold (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2013-180692 JP

In the conventional vessels as described above, since the cargo in the hold cannot be lifted and lowered by the deck crane, the frequency of turning of the deck crane increases and it is difficult to realize efficient cargo handling.

Therefore, in one aspect, an object of the present invention is to make it possible to realize an efficient lifting and lowering operation by a deck crane.

According to one aspect, a hold provided with a hatch cover,
A conveyor provided on the first side in the left-right direction of the hull and extending in the front-rear direction of the hull;
A crane having a grab for grasping a cargo, and having a swing shaft on a second side opposite to the first side in the left-right direction with respect to the center position of the opening of the hold in the left-right direction ;
A hopper provided on the first side with respect to the center position of the hold in the left-right direction, for dropping the cargo grasped by the grab by the crane;
Only including,
A ship is provided in which the hopper is provided on the side opposite to the side where the crane is provided with respect to the opening of the hold in the front-rear direction .

Efficient loading and unloading with a deck crane can be realized.

It is a side view which shows roughly the internal structure of the ship 100 by one Example, and the structure on a deck. It is a figure which shows the ship 100 of FIG. 1 in a schematic top view. It is a figure which shows roughly the loading/unloading structure relevant to the deck crane 2 by a top view. It is a schematic side view of the unloading structure shown in FIG. It is an explanatory view of a levitation handling using the unloading structure by an example. It is explanatory drawing of a comparative example. It is explanatory drawing of another comparative example. It is explanatory drawing of the fixed amount dispensing device 81. FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 8. It is a schematic side view of the loading/unloading structure by a 1st modification. It is a figure which shows the unloading structure by a 2nd modification in a schematic top view. FIG. 12 is a schematic side view of the unloading structure shown in FIG. 11. It is a figure which shows the unloading structure by 3rd modification from a schematic top view.

Hereinafter, each embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view schematically showing an internal structure and a deck configuration of a boat 100 according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the ship 100 of FIG. 1 in a top view.

The vessel 100 is optional, but in the present embodiment, as an example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a chip ship (wood chip carrier).

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ship 100 includes deck cranes (unloader cranes) 1, 2, 3, a hold (holding) 40, a hopper 60, and a conveyor 70 (hereinafter referred to as “main conveyor 70”). ) And. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the ship 100 includes three deck cranes 1, 2, and 3, but the number of deck cranes is arbitrary.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the deck cranes 1, 2, and 3 include crane posts 11, 12, and 13 provided on the deck of the hull 101, respectively. The deck cranes 1, 2, and 3 each include a grab (grab bucket) 50, a jib 52, and a hoisting wire 54. Inside the crane posts 11, 12, and 13, motors (not shown) for driving the grab 50, jib 52, and hoisting wire 54, motors for turning (not shown), and the like are provided, respectively.

The deck cranes 1, 2, and 3 each grab the cargo (wood chips) loaded in the hold 40 with the grab 50 and drop the gripped wood chips into the hopper 60. The deck cranes 1, 2 and 3 respectively perform opening/closing operation of the grab 50, raising/lowering operation of the jib 52 (raising/lowering operation), hoisting/lowering operation of the hoisting wire 54, and swing operation of the deck crane body. Realize cargo handling through.

As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of holds 40 are provided side by side in the front-rear direction. The deck cranes 1, 2, and 3 are provided at positions where they can cooperate to realize cargo handling for all the holds 40. In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, as an example, the deck crane 1 is provided between the first hold 40 and the second hold 40 from the bow side, and the deck crane 2 is the third from the bow side. It is provided between the hold 40 and the fourth hold 40, and the deck crane 3 is provided between the fifth hold 40 and the sixth hold 40 from the bow side.

Each of the holds 40 is provided with a hatch cover 424 that can be opened and closed. In the present embodiment, as an example, the hatch cover 424 is a foldable type. The hatch cover 424 is supported on the upper portion of the hatch combing 422 (see FIG. 3, etc.). The hatch coaming 422 projects, for example, above the upper deck and forms an opening 426 (see FIG. 3) of the corresponding hold 40 (hereinafter referred to as “hold opening 426”). In the following, as an example, the center position in the left-right direction of each hold opening 426 is assumed to be located on the center line CL of the ship 100.

As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of hoppers 60 are provided side by side in the front-rear direction. The plurality of hoppers 60 are provided, for example, at positions where they can cooperate to realize cargo handling for all deck cranes 1, 2, and 3. In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, as an example, four hoppers 60 are provided, and the first hopper 60 from the bow side is adjacent to the bow side with respect to the first hold 40 from the bow side. The second hopper 60 from the side is provided between the second hold 40 and the third hold 40 from the bow side, and the remaining two hoppers 60 are the first hopper 60 and the second hopper 60 from the bow side. The hopper 60 is provided so as to be substantially symmetrical with respect to the front and rear. Each of the hoppers 60 has an opening 602 (see FIG. 3) (hereinafter, referred to as “hopper opening 602”) that extends in a tubular shape in the vertical direction and opens upward, at the upper end.

As shown in FIG. 2, the main conveyor 70 is provided on the deck of the hull 101. The main conveyor 70 extends in the front-rear direction on one side of the hull 101 in the left-right direction. In the present embodiment, as an example, the main conveyor 70 extends in the front-rear direction on the port side, but it may extend in the front-rear direction on the starboard side. The main conveyor 70 conveys the wood chips on the main conveyor 70 in the front-back direction of the hull 101 (eg, toward the bow side). The main conveyor 70 is, for example, in the form of a belt conveyor. The main conveyor 70 may be connected to a shuttle conveyor (not shown) that extends in the left-right direction of the hull 101, for example, at the end on the bow side. The wood chips dropped onto the hopper 60 by the deck cranes 1, 2, and 3 as described above are conveyed to the outside of the ship (for example, a land hopper) via the main conveyor 70, the shuttle conveyor, and the like.

Next, a structure applicable to the above-described ship 100 and related to unloading and unloading (hereinafter, referred to as “unloading structure”) will be described.

3 and 4 are explanatory views of the unloading structure according to one embodiment, FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the unloading structure related to the deck crane 2 in a top view, and FIG. It is a schematic side view of the unloading structure shown in FIG. Since FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams for explaining the positional relationship of each component, the shapes and the like of each component are shown very schematically. For example, in FIG. 4, only the upper part of the hopper 60 is shown. Note that, in FIG. 4, a circle on the lower side of the main conveyor 70 schematically represents a roller, and a circle of the hatch cover 424 schematically represents a hinge (the same applies to FIG. 10 described later and the like).

Here, the unloading structure for the deck crane 2 will be described, but the unloading structure for the other deck cranes 1 and 3 may be the same. 3 and 4 show a hopper 60 used for cargo handling by the deck crane 2. Here, one hopper 60 (front side hopper 60) used for cargo handling by the deck crane 2 will be described, but other hoppers 60 (rear side hopper 60) used for cargo handling by the deck crane 2 are also substantially front and rear. It is only symmetrical. In the description relating to FIGS. 3 and 4, the “hopper 60” refers to the hopper 60 of FIGS. 3 and 4 used for loading and unloading by the deck crane 2 unless otherwise specified.

The deck crane 2 has a turning axis R on the side opposite to the main conveyor 70 with respect to the center position of the hold opening 426 in the left-right direction (on the center line CL). In the present embodiment, as an example, in response to the main conveyor 70 being provided on the port side with respect to the center line CL as described above, the deck crane 2 is provided with respect to the center line CL as shown in FIG. And has a turning axis R on the starboard side. When the main conveyor 70 is provided on the starboard side with respect to the center line CL, the deck crane 2 has the turning axis R on the port side with respect to the center line CL.

The crane post 12 of the deck crane 2 is preferably arranged at a position as close to starboard as possible within a range that does not obstruct the starboard-side passage 102 on the deck. As a result, when the hopper opening 602 is arranged on the line L1 (see FIG. 3) that connects the swing axis R of the deck crane 2 and the center position C1 of the hold opening 426 in a top view, the right side of the hopper opening 602 is located. The position of the end can be brought closer to the port side (and directly above the main conveyor 70). As a result, the width of the hopper 60 in the left-right direction can be reduced, and the need for a feeder conveyor (see FIG. 6) described later can be reduced or eliminated. Note that, in FIG. 3 and the like, the passage 102 is formed between two one-dot chain lines (between the left and right directions). The passage 102 has a width that allows a work vehicle such as a bulldozer to pass through.

In the example shown in FIG. 3, the installation area of the crane post 12 (area on the deck) is in the front-rear direction with respect to the starboard side edge of the hold opening 426 (starboard side hatch combing 422) in the left-right direction. Visually overlap. However, if possible, the installation area of the crane post 12 may be further brought closer to the starboard side, and may be set, for example, on the starboard side with respect to the starboard side edge of the hold opening 426 in the left-right direction. ..

The hopper 60 is provided on the opposite side of the swing axis R of the deck crane 2 with respect to the center line CL. In the present embodiment, as described above, since the deck crane 2 has the turning axis R on the starboard side with respect to the center line CL, the hopper 60 is on the port side with respect to the center line CL, as shown in FIG. It is provided. The horizontal position of the hopper 60 is based on the horizontal center line C2 of the hopper opening 602. Therefore, “the hopper 60 is provided on the port side with respect to the center line CL” means “the center line C2 of the hopper opening 602 is located on the port side with respect to the center line CL”. In other words, “the hopper 60 is provided on the port side with respect to the center line CL” means that the hopper 60 is arranged symmetrically on the port side rather than symmetrically. The center line C2 of the hopper opening 602 passes through the center of the width of the hopper opening 602 in the left-right direction in top view or the center of gravity (or a predetermined position described later) of the outer shape (outer shape in top view). You can

As shown in FIG. 3, the hopper 60 is preferably arranged such that the hopper opening 602 is located on a line L1 connecting the turning axis R of the deck crane 2 and the center position C1 of the hold opening 426 in a top view. It This makes it possible to realize the later-described loading and unloading method for the wood chips stacked on the hold 40, so that the loading and unloading efficiency can be improved. Further, more preferably, the hopper 60 is arranged so that the predetermined position of the hopper opening 602 is located on the line L1 in a top view. For example, the predetermined position of the hopper opening 602 is a top view, and when the center position of the grab 50 coincides with the predetermined position, the wood chips are not spilled from the glove 50 into the hopper 60 and out of the hopper 60. It is a position that can be dropped with. In this case, the cargo handling method described below can be more reliably realized for the wood chips stacked on the hold 40, and thus the cargo handling efficiency can be further improved. The predetermined position of the hopper opening 602 may be, for example, the position of the center of gravity of the outer shape (outer shape in top view) of the hopper opening 602.

As shown in FIG. 3, the hopper 60 is preferably provided so as to overlap the main conveyor 70 in a top view. That is, the hopper 60 includes a portion located right above the main conveyor 70. As a result, the horizontal distance from the hopper 60 to the main conveyor 70 can be shortened, and as a result, the mechanism for laterally conveying the wood chips dropped to the hopper 60 to the main conveyor 70 can be downsized or omitted. .. For example, it is possible to eliminate the feeder conveyor (see FIG. 6) for conveying the wood chips from the hopper 60 to the main conveyor 70 in the left-right direction. In this case, interruption of cargo handling due to belt replacement due to wear of the feeder conveyor and bearing failure due to chip dust can be eliminated.

The hopper 60 is provided in the front-rear direction on the side opposite to the side where the deck crane 2 is provided with respect to the hold opening 426. That is, the hopper 60 and the deck crane 2 are provided so as to sandwich the hold opening 426 in the front-rear direction. However, the position of the hopper 60 in the front-rear direction is arbitrary as long as the later-described loading and unloading method is possible, and for example, the rear end portion or the whole of the hopper 60 is a front edge portion of the hold opening portion 426 in a top view. It may be located behind. Alternatively, the hopper 60 may be a movable type that can travel in the front-rear direction on the main conveyor 70 together with the payout device 80 (described later).

The hopper 60 is preferably provided with a guide portion 610 for guiding (returning) the wood chips spilled from the grab 50 of the deck crane 2 into the hold 40 through the hold opening 426. The guide portion 610 may be integrally formed with the hopper 60. The guide portion 610 is provided on the side where the corresponding hold 40 exists. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the guide portion 610 is provided on both the front side and the rear side of the hopper 60. Here, the guide portion 610 on the rear side of the hopper 60 will be described as a representative, but the guide portion 610 on the front side of the hopper 60 may be symmetrical in the front-rear direction.

The guide portion 610 is provided on the rear side surface of the hopper 60 and projects rearward. The guide portion 610 extends to a region overlapping the hold opening portion 426 in a top view. The guide 610 preferably forms a downwardly sloping surface toward the hold opening 426 to facilitate gravity falling of the wood chips into the hold 40, as shown in FIG. That is, the guide portion 610 forms an inclined surface whose tip side (the side close to the hold opening 426) is lower than the root side (the body side of the hopper 60). As shown in FIG. 3, the guide portion 610 may extend over the range in which the hopper opening 602 and the hold opening 426 overlap in the left-right direction. In the modified example, a structure is used in which the upper portion (the highest position) of the hatch cover 424 in the folded state (the hinge in FIG. 4) comes forward of the front end of the hold opening 426. In this case, the guide portion 610 may extend rearward to the upper portion of the hatch cover 424 in the folded state.

As shown in FIG. 4, the guide part 610 is provided at a position higher than the hatch cover 424 in the folded state. In other words, a space for folding the hatch cover 424 is provided below the hopper 60 and the guide portion 610. In the present embodiment, as an example, the hatch cover 424 is opened and closed in the front-rear direction, and in the open state, two panels are folded on both sides of the hold opening 426 in the front and rear. 3 and 4, the hatch cover 424 is shown in a state in which only the front side is folded for the sake of explanation. However, at the time of cargo handling, as shown in FIG. Both sides of the hold opening 426 are opened and are folded on both sides of the hold opening 426.

In the example shown in FIG. 4, a part of the hatch cover 424 in the folded state is located between the tip end side of the guide portion 610 and the hold opening portion 426 in the vertical direction. In this case, a part of the hatch cover 424, which is rearward of the front end side of the guide portion 610 in the front-rear direction, forms a downward inclined surface toward the hold opening portion 426, and the wood chips spilled from the grab 50 are guided. The portion 610 and the part of the hatch cover 424 are guided into the hold 40. Note that, unlike the example shown in FIG. 4, the guide portion 610 may extend rearward of the rear edge of the folded hatch cover 424 in the front-rear direction.

The hopper 60 is provided with a sweeping device or a discharging device 80 (hereinafter, represented by a “discharging device 80”) that sends the wood chips inside the main conveyor 70. The payout device 80 is provided between the hopper 60 and the main conveyor 70 in the vertical direction. The dispensing device 80 dispenses the wood chips dropped on the hopper 60 onto the main conveyor 70. The payout device 80 may have any configuration. For example, the dispensing device 80 may be a device that dispenses the wood chips in the hopper 60 onto the main conveyor 70 in a manner of scraping the wood chips from the bottom of the hopper 60 by a wheel that is rotationally driven (FIGS. 8 and 8). 9). Alternatively, the dispensing device 80 includes a belt conveyor, and the wood chips dropped onto the hopper 60 in a manner of sweeping the wood chips from the bottom of the hopper 60 by the belt conveyor (for example, by sweeping the friction of the upper surface of the belt formed of a rubber material). It may be a device for paying out to the main conveyor 70. Alternatively, the dispensing device 80 includes a screw conveyor, and is a device that dispenses the wood chips dropped on the hopper 60 onto the main conveyor 70 in a manner of scraping the wood chips from the bottom of the hopper 60 by the rotation of the screw conveyor. Good. The payout device 80 may be realized by combining any two or more of these devices.

Next, a cargo handling method using the cargo handling structure according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a cargo handling method using the unloading structure according to the present embodiment, and is a diagram schematically showing a cross-sectional view taken along the line L1 of FIG. In FIG. 5, the two states of the deck crane 2 during the lifting operation are shown in an overlapping manner. These two states are alternately realized during the downward loading as shown by arrows R1 and R2.

According to the unloading structure according to the present embodiment, for example, the following cargo handling method involving elevation and cargo handling can be realized. The operator of the deck crane 2 sees from above, the turning position of the deck crane 2 such that the jib 52 is on the line L1 (the line connecting the turning axis R of the deck crane 2 and the center position C1 of the hold opening 426). In order to realize the following cargo handling method with a cargo handling. When the operator of the deck crane 2 grips the wood chips stacked on the hold 40 with the grab 50, the hoisting wire 54 is wound while lowering the jib 52 as indicated by an arrow R1. As a result, the glove 50 is directed above the hopper opening 602. Then, when the grab 50 comes above the hopper opening 602, the operator of the deck crane 2 opens the grab 50 and drops the wood chips into the hopper 60. When the wood chips are dropped onto the hopper 60, the operator of the deck crane 2 lowers the hoisting wire 54 while raising the jib 52, as indicated by the arrow R2. As a result, the grab 50 moves toward the wood chips stacked on the hold 40. The operator of the deck crane 2 grips the wood chips with the grab 50 when the grab 50 reaches a position where the wood chips can be gripped. Thereafter, similarly, the above-described operation indicated by the arrows R1 and R2 is repeated.

Here, a comparative example will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. In the first comparative example shown in FIG. 6, the pivot axis of the deck crane DK and the center line C2 of the hopper HP coincide with the center line CL. In the second comparative example shown in FIG. 7, the swing axis of the deck crane DK coincides with the center line CL, and the hopper HP is arranged on the port side of the hold opening 4260 (that is, the hopper HP is positioned relative to the hold opening 4260). Is arranged so as to be adjacent from the port side and overlaps with the main conveyor in a top view). In the arrangement of the second comparative example, the length of the hold 400 in the front-rear direction is relatively long, and the hopper HP cannot be arranged on the turning radius of the deck crane DK between the adjoining front and rear holds 400 on the deck. Sometimes it can be adopted.

In the first comparative example shown in FIG. 6, although the lifting and lowering operation of the kind described with reference to FIG. 5 can be realized, a relatively long feeder conveyor 720 is required. The feeder conveyor 720 has a function of sweeping the wood chips from the bottom of the hopper HP by the friction of the upper surface of the belt, so that the upper surface of the belt is worn and the belt needs to be replaced. Further, since the bearing (not shown) that rotatably supports the roller is exposed to the environment in which the chip dust flies, the feeder conveyor 720 is likely to be damaged due to the chip dust.

In this respect, according to the present embodiment, the feeder conveyor 720 can be eliminated, so that the above-mentioned inconvenience caused by the existence of the feeder conveyor 720 can be eliminated.

In the second comparative example shown in FIG. 7, it is not possible to realize the same kind of downward loading described with reference to FIG. 5, and it is necessary to perform loading/unloading accompanied by turning of the deck crane DK. Specifically, when the operator of the deck crane DK grabs the wood chips stacked on the hold 400 with the grab, the operator turns the deck crane DK toward the port side hopper HP, and the grab comes above the hopper opening. At this time, the operator of the deck crane DK opens the grab and drops the wood chips into the hopper. As described above, in the second comparative example shown in FIG. 7, since the cargo handling accompanied by the turning of the deck crane DK is required, the cargo handling efficiency tends to be lower than that in the first comparative example. Further, it is necessary for the deck crane DK itself to have a high turning ability.

In this respect, according to the present embodiment, as described above, the lifting operation can be realized continuously without the turning of the deck crane 2, and therefore it is efficient. That is, the number of turns of the deck crane 2 until the loading and unloading of one hold 40 is completed can be efficiently reduced. It is also advantageous in that the deck crane 2 itself does not need to have a high turning ability.

In the present embodiment, the wood chips may be collected in the vicinity of the center of the hold 40 by a working vehicle such as a bulldozer during the above-mentioned lifting operation in the hold 40. In this case, the deck crane 2 can continue the downward cargo handling for a relatively long time at the turning position shown in FIG. 3 (the position where the jib 52 overlaps the line L1 in a top view) for a relatively long time until the cargo handling in one hold 40 is completed. The number of turns of the deck crane 2 can be further reduced.

FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a fixed amount dispensing device 81 that can be used as the dispensing device 80. 8: is a figure which shows the hopper 60, the main conveyor 70, and the fixed amount dispensing device 81 in a schematic top view, and FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional drawing along line AA of FIG.

The fixed amount dispensing device 81 includes a wheel 810 having a plurality of blades and a motor 812 that rotationally drives the wheel 810. Although not shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 for a schematic view, the motor 812 may be provided with a cover member. The wheel 810 is provided above a slit-shaped outlet 820 provided at the bottom of the hopper 60, and is rotatable in a horizontal plane. When the motor 812 rotates the wheel 810, the wood chips accumulated in the bottom part by gravity inside the hopper 60 are discharged onto the main conveyor 70 through the discharge port 820 at the bottom part of the hopper 60 in a mode of being scraped off by the wheel 810.

In the example shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the fixed amount dispensing device 81 includes two sets of wheels 810 and a motor 812 arranged side by side in the front-rear direction, but only one set may be provided, or three or more sets. May be provided.

Next, a modified example of the unloading structure according to the above-described embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In each of the following modifications, configurations that may be substantially the same as the unloading structure according to the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals in FIGS. 10 to 12, and description thereof will be omitted or simplified.

FIG. 10 is a schematic side view of the unloading structure according to the first modification.

The unloading structure according to the first modification is different from the unloading structure according to the above-described embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 in that the hopper 60 is replaced with a hopper 60A and the guide part 610 is replaced with a guide part 610A. The points are different.

The height of the hopper 60A is different from that of the hopper 60 according to the above-described embodiment, and the height of the hopper opening 602 is lower than that of the hopper 60 according to the above-described embodiment. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, the hopper 60A has a hopper opening 602 at a position lower than the upper portion (highest position) (the hinge in FIG. 10) of the hatch cover 424 in the folded state.

The guide part 610A is different from the guide part 610 according to the above-described embodiment in function, attachment position, and the like. Specifically, the guide portion 610A has a function of guiding (returning) the wood chips spilled from the grab 50 of the deck crane 2 into the hopper 60A. The guide portion 610A is provided on the upper surface of the hatch cover 424. As shown in FIG. 10, the guide portion 610A extends to a position above the hopper opening portion 602 of the hopper 60A when the hatch cover 424 is folded. The guide portion 610A forms a downward inclined surface toward the hopper opening portion 602 of the hopper 60A in order to utilize the action of gravity. The guide portion 610A may extend over the range in which the hopper opening 602 and the hold opening 426 overlap in the left-right direction.

The unloading structure according to the first modification can also achieve the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment. Further, according to the first modification, as shown in FIG. 10, the height of the hopper 60A can be made lower than the height of the hopper 60 according to the above-described embodiment. Lowering the hopper 60A is advantageous from the viewpoint of reducing the air resistance received by the ship 100 while traveling. Therefore, according to the first modified example, it is possible to reduce the air resistance caused by the hopper, which is the air resistance received by the boat 100 during travel, as compared with the above-described embodiment.

11 and 12 are explanatory views of the unloading structure according to the second modification, FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically showing the unloading structure according to the second modification in a top view, and FIG. It is a schematic side view of the unloading structure shown in FIG.

The unloading structure according to the second modification is different from the unloading structure according to the above-described embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 in that the hopper 60 is replaced with a hopper 60A and the hatch cover 424 is replaced with a hatch cover 424A. The points are different.

The hopper 60A may be similar to the first modified example described above with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, the hopper 60A has a hopper opening 602 at a position lower than the upper portion of the hatch cover 424A in the folded state. However, in the second modification, the guide portion 610 is provided in the hopper 60A in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment.

The hatch cover 424A opens and closes in the front-rear direction, and in the open state, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, is in a state of being folded on the side opposite to the side on which the hopper 60A is provided (rear side). That is, the hatch cover 424A is not a type that opens separately from the center of the hold opening 426 in the front-rear direction in the front-rear direction (the type of the hatch cover 424 described above), but one end side of the hold opening 426 (the hopper 60A). Side) to the other end (deck crane 2 side). For example, the hatch cover 424A may be a link type double folding type including four panels and links 4241 as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. As a result, as can be seen by comparing with FIG. 4, the height of the hopper 60A can be made lower than the height of the hopper 60 according to the above-described embodiment. That is, since the hatch cover 424A in the folded state does not exist on the hopper 60A side when the hold 40 is opened, the hopper opening 602 of the hopper 60A can be lowered by that amount. That is, the height of the hopper opening 602 of the hopper 60A can be designed independently of the height of the hatch cover 424A in the folded state.

The unloading structure according to the second modification can also achieve the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment. Further, according to the second modified example, similar to the first modified example, it is possible to reduce the air resistance received by the boat 100 during travel, which is caused by the hopper.

FIG. 13 is a diagram schematically showing the unloading structure according to the third modification in a top view.

The unloading structure according to the third modified example is different from the unloading structure according to the above-described embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 in that the hopper 60 is replaced with a hopper 60B and a feeder conveyor 72 is added.

The hopper 60B is different in arrangement position from the hopper 60 according to the above-described embodiment. Specifically, the hopper 60B is arranged on the starboard side of the hopper 60 according to the above-described embodiment. Therefore, unlike the hopper 60 according to the above-described embodiment, the hopper 60B does not extend onto the main conveyor 70. However, the hopper 60B is provided on the side opposite to the turning axis R of the deck crane 2 (that is, on the port side) with respect to the center line CL, as in the above-described embodiment.

The feeder conveyor 72 extends in the left-right direction between the hopper 60B and the main conveyor 70. The feeder conveyor 72 includes a belt (not shown) supported by a plurality of rollers (not shown). The feeder conveyor 72 has a function of receiving the wood chips from the hopper 60B by sweeping the wood chips from the bottom of the hopper 60B (sweeping the wood chips by the friction of the upper surface of the belt formed of a rubber material) and the main conveyor 70 from the hopper 60B. Equipped with a transport function to transport wood chips up to.

With the unloading structure according to the third modification, the same effect as that of the above-described embodiment can be obtained. Specifically, in the unloading structure according to the third modified example, as with the above-described embodiment, since it is provided on the opposite side of the swing axis R of the deck crane 2 with respect to the center line CL, the wood stacked on the hold 40. It will be easier to implement a downward load on the chip. As a result, the efficiency of cargo handling can be improved. However, in the third modification, unlike the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, the hopper opening 602 is formed on the line L1 connecting the turning axis R of the deck crane 2 and the center position of the hold opening 426. It becomes difficult to place. However, in the third modified example, as compared with the comparative example (not shown) in which the hopper is arranged such that the center position is on the center line CL, the wood chips stacked on the hold 40 can be lifted and lowered. It will be easier.

Further, in the unloading structure according to the third modified example, since the hopper 60B is provided on the main conveyor 70 side (port side) with respect to the center line CL, the hopper is arranged such that the center position is on the center line CL. The lateral length of the feeder conveyor 72 can be shortened as compared with the comparative example.

Here, since the feeder conveyor 72 has a function of sweeping the wood chips from the bottom of the hopper 60B by the friction of the upper surface of the belt as described above, the upper surface of the belt is worn and the belt needs to be replaced. Further, since the bearing (not shown) that rotatably supports the roller is exposed to the environment in which the chip dust flies, the feeder conveyor 72 is easily damaged due to the chip dust.

In this regard, according to the unloading structure according to the third modified example, as described above, the left-right length of the feeder conveyor 72 is shortened as compared with the comparative example in which the hopper is arranged such that the center position is on the center line CL. Therefore, the belt replacement cost of the feeder conveyor 72 and the possibility of failure can be reduced as compared with the comparative example.

Although the respective embodiments have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the claims. Further, it is possible to combine all or a plurality of the constituent elements of the above-described embodiments.

For example, in the above-described embodiment (the same applies to the first to third modified examples), the wood chips are the transportation target, but a cargo other than the wood chips may be the transportation target.

Further, in the above-described embodiment (similarly to the first to third modified examples), the hatch cover 424 is a type that opens and closes in the front-rear direction of the hull 101, but it may be a type that opens and closes in the left-right direction of the hull 101. Good. For example, in the second modified example described above, a hatch cover that is folded to one of the left and right sides of the hold opening 426 in the open state may be used instead of the hatch cover 424A. In this case, the hatch cover is preferably folded to the side opposite to the side on which the hopper 60A is provided in the left-right direction (that is, the starboard side in the second modification described above), as in the second modification described above. In this case, like the second modification described above, it is possible to provide the hopper having the hopper opening at a position lower than the upper portion of the hatch cover in the folded state, and as a result, it is possible to reduce the air resistance caused by the hopper. .. However, priority may be given to the convenience of the landing site (belt conveyor height, restrictions on starboard/porting due to restrictions on mooring arrangements, etc.). In this case, the hatch cover can be folded to the side where the hopper 60A is provided in the left-right direction.

1, 2, 3 Deck Cranes 11, 12, 13 Crane Post 40 Hold 50 Grab 52 Jib 54 Hoisting Wire 60 Hopper 60A Hopper 60B Hopper 70 Main Conveyor 72 Feeder Conveyor 80 Dispensing Device 81 Fixed Dispensing Device 100 Ship 101 Hull 102 Passage 422 Hatch combing 424, 424A Hatch cover 426 Hold opening 602 Hopper opening 610, 610A Guide 810 Wheel 812 Motor 820 Discharge exit

Claims (10)

Hold with a hatch cover,
A conveyor provided on the first side in the left-right direction of the hull and extending in the front-rear direction of the hull;
A crane having a grab for grasping a cargo, and having a swing shaft on a second side opposite to the first side in the left-right direction with respect to the center position of the opening of the hold in the left-right direction ;
A hopper provided on the first side with respect to the center position of the hold in the left-right direction, for dropping the cargo grasped by the grab by the crane;
Only including,
The hopper is provided on the side opposite to the side where the crane is provided with respect to the opening of the hold in the front-rear direction.
Ship. The hopper is provided so as to overlap the conveyor in a top view of the hull,
Vertical direction, further comprising a sweeping means or dispensing device is provided between the hopper and the conveyor vessel according to claim 1. The guide is provided on the hopper or the hatch cover, and guides the cargo spilled from the grab into the hopper.
Height of the guide portion, rather lower than the top of the hatch cover in a folded state,
The guide portion extends above the opening portion of the hopper, forms a downward inclined surface toward the opening portion of the hopper, the hatch cover in the folded state, and the opening of the hopper. It is arranged so as to close the gap with the part from above,
The ship according to claim 1 or 2 . The ship according to claim 3 , wherein the height of the hopper is lower than the upper portion of the hatch cover in the folded state. The hatch cover can be opened and closed in the front-rear direction or the left-right direction, and in the open state in which the opening of the hold is opened, the side where the hopper is provided in the front-rear direction or the left-right direction with respect to the opening of the hold. The ship according to claim 1 or 2 , which is folded on the side opposite to. The hopper is a top view of the hull, on the extension of the line connecting the center of the opening of the hold and pivot axis of the crane, including the hopper opening, any one of the preceding claims 1 The ship according to paragraph. The installation area of the crane post relating to the crane overlaps the edge portion of the opening of the hold on the second side in the left-right direction when viewed in the front-rear direction, or on the second side of the edge portion. The ship according to any one of claims 1 to 7 . A guide portion provided in the hopper for guiding the cargo spilled from the glove into the hold;
The height of the guide portion is higher than the upper portion of the hatch cover in the folded state,
The guide portion extends to a region overlapping with the opening of the hold in a top view, and is arranged so as to close a gap between the hatch cover in the folded state and the opening of the hopper from above.
The ship according to claim 1 or 2. A cargo handling method for transferring and transporting cargo in a hold to a conveyor provided on the first side in the left-right direction of the hull and extending in the front-rear direction of the hull,
Using a crane having a swing axis on a second side opposite to the first side in the left-right direction with respect to the center position of the opening of the hold in the left-right direction ;
A hopper provided on the first side with respect to the center position of the hold in the left-right direction, and on the side opposite to the side where the crane is provided with respect to the opening of the hold in the front-rear direction, Dropping the cargo grabbed by the crane grab,
The handling method including. The cargo handling method according to claim 9 , further comprising: repeating the operation of grasping the cargo in the hold and dropping the cargo grasped by the hopper at least twice or more without rotating the crane.

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