JP6736201B2 - Pipe cutting jig and pipe cutting device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a pipe cutting jig for cutting metal and resin pipes used mainly in chemical plants along the longitudinal direction, a pipe cutting device, and a pipe cutting device using these jigs and devices. Regarding the method.

In recent years, in a chemical plant in which various chemicals flow, when a pipe (mainly made of metal) that has been used for a long period of time is discarded, chemical contamination and a corrosion condition in the pipe have been investigated. In order to carry out the investigation, a method of investigating the inside of the pipe and the cross section of the pipe is used, and in preparation for that, it is necessary to cut the pipe in the longitudinal direction (pipe axis direction) (half-cutting and equal-division processing). is there. As a method for cutting the pipe in the longitudinal direction, a fusing method using heat such as laser or welding, or a cutting method using a saw-shaped blade or various tools has been conventionally used.

However, in the fusing method using heat, there is a problem that high heat is generated in the processing part and the chemical substances adhering to the inside of the pipe are altered, and the degree of corrosion that should be investigated originally changes. there were. In addition, the fusing method by welding has a problem that the melted material is scattered by the assist gas such as acetylene gas. Further, in the cutting method using a tool or the like, there is a problem that the cutting chips of the pipe generated during the cutting process adhere to the inside of the pipe, and the accurate state cannot be grasped when investigating the contamination situation.

Therefore, in order to suppress the deformation and deterioration of the pipe when it is cut, the cutting tool is inserted into the inside of the pipe while fixing the pipe itself with the fixing jig from the vertical direction outside the pipe and using the cutting tool of the pipe. A method of breaking the pipe by pushing out along the longitudinal direction was devised. For example, in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2, by pushing a cutting tool having blade portions on both sides into the inside of the pipe, the pushing force is a shearing force generated between the blade portion and the inner surface of the pipe. There is disclosed a device for cutting (dividing into two) the pipe by converting the pipe into a pipe and shearing a part of the pipe.

JP-A-8-215921

Nobuyuki Omoteno, Eitoku Nakanishi, Seijiro Maki, "Axial Cleaving Method for Metal Pipes", The 21st Mechanical Materials and Materials Processing Technology Lecture Meeting of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (2013), No. 608 Eitoku NAKANISHI et al. , Development of axially splitting method for the pipe materials with using the cutting tool, ISAAT 2014 The 17th International Symposium on Abrasive Technology(Advances in Abrasive Technology XVII), pp350-354

However, in the pipe cutting device disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2, an external fixing jig (clamp) used to prevent deformation of the pipe at the time of cutting is along the outer diameter of the pipe. Must be specified. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare all the fixing jigs corresponding to various pipe outer diameters, which causes a problem of increasing the number of parts.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a pipe cutting jig, a pipe cutting device and a pipe cutting method using these jigs and devices, which has a small number of parts and can be downsized.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present inventor is a pipe cutting jig including a blade having a plurality of blades for cutting a pipe, and the blade further has one or more tapered portions. It was used as a pipe cutting jig. Further, a pipe cutting jig having either a roller portion or an R chamfered portion in the tapered portion may be used. Further, the cutting tool is composed of two blade portions and two taper portions (taper portions protruding from the inner surface of the pipe in the radial direction of the pipe), and the blade portion and the taper portion are orthogonal to each other. The formed pipe cutting jig can also be used.

With this configuration, when the pipe is cleaved, the blade portion and the taper portion are inserted into the pipe, and the blade portion is propelled so that the taper portion is stretched from the inside to the outside of the pipe. Since it is taken out, the deformation of the pipe can be suppressed at the time of cleaving.

Further, the blade part of the cutting tool which constitutes the pipe cutting jig has a slope, and the distance from the shaft center of the cutting tool to the lower end of the slope of the cutting part is smaller than the radius of the inner diameter of the pipe to be cut, and the shaft of the cutting tool. The distance from the center to the upper end of the slope of the blade can be made larger than the radius of the inner diameter of the pipe that cuts. Further, the tapered portion of the cutting tool can be formed so as to be in close contact with the inner diameter surface of the pipe to be cut.

The residue (shavings) after being cut according to the pipe material to be cut and the pipe diameter has various forms such as finely divided and long spirals. In particular, if the chips have a long spiral shape, they may remain in the pipe cutting jig during the cutting process, or may come into contact with the pipe cutting device to interrupt the cutting process and remove the chips.

Therefore, in order to cope with the case where chips are generated in a long spiral shape, a pipe cutting jig is provided with a plurality of blade portions for cutting the pipe, at least two side surface fixing portions that sandwich the blade portions from both sides, and a side surface fixing portion. At least two pipe residue control units that are attached and have a tapered surface are provided. With this structure, the residue of the pipe after cleaving can be discharged in the form of a spiral.

Further, when the pipe material is a free-cutting material such as copper, it is not necessary to firmly fix the components forming the pipe cutting jig together. However, when the pipe material is a relatively high-strength material such as stainless steel, the mounting angle of the side surface fixing part may change or the side surface fixing part and the blade may be changed unless the side surface fixing parts are firmly fixed. Extra gaps may occur between the parts.

As a result, the fracturing performance may be significantly reduced, or the cutting edge of the blade may be damaged. Therefore, in addition to the above-described configuration, the pipe cutting jig may further include a connecting component that connects the two side surface fixing portions to each other.

The invention of the pipe cleaving device can be a pipe cleaving device including the above-mentioned pipe cleaving jig and a propulsion means for propelling the pipe cleaving jig along the longitudinal direction of the pipe. Further, it may be configured to further include a pipe support jig which is disposed on the forward side of the pipe cleaving jig and movably supports the pipe. Further, the pipe supporting jig may be provided with an openable/closable pipe fixing component.

This is effective in suppressing vertical and horizontal shake (sway) of the pipe when cutting a relatively long pipe. This is because if the pipe is shaken at the time of cleaving the pipe, it may cause buckling during cleaving in the case of a long pipe or the pipe may not be evenly cleaved.

When a hydraulic cylinder is used as a means for propelling the pipe cutting jig, the drive shaft of the hydraulic cylinder and the pipe after the cutting may interfere with each other. In particular, if the pipe to be cleaved has a relatively small diameter and the diameter of the drive shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is larger than the pipe diameter, if the pipe after cutting comes into contact with the drive shaft, the cleaving process will be temporarily interrupted and the pipe will be cleaved. The work such as bending the outside pipe so that it does not interfere with the drive shaft occurs, and the efficiency of the cleaving process decreases. Therefore, it is possible to further include a diameter-expanding jig, which is arranged on the rear side of the pipe cleaving jig in the above-mentioned pipe cleaving device, so as to expand the cleaved pipe outward.

Regarding the method of cleaving the pipe, after fixing the pipe to the above-mentioned pipe cleaving device, push the pipe cleaving jig along the longitudinal direction of the pipe using the propulsion means to cleave the pipe. You can Further, it is also possible to adopt a pipe cleaving method for cleaving the pipe by intermittently pushing the pipe cleaving jig along the longitudinal direction of the pipe.

The pipe cutting jig according to the present invention is provided with a blade having a plurality of blades for cutting the pipe, and the blade is further provided with one or a plurality of tapered portions to suppress deformation of the pipe during the cutting. Therefore, as a result of eliminating the need for a pipe fixing component that is an accessory to the conventional pipe cutting device and prevents deformation of the pipe, the number of parts of the pipe cutting device is reduced, and the overall size of the device is reduced.

Further, by having at least either the roller portion or the R chamfered portion in the tapered portion of the cutting tool, the deformation of the portion that comes into contact with the inner surface of the pipe at the time of pipe cutting and the fine peeling of the inner surface portion of the pipe are reduced. At the same time, since the friction of the contact surface can be reduced, the propulsion force by the propulsion means can be reduced, and more efficient pipe cutting with less collected material can be realized according to the purpose of the pipe cutting inspection.

Further, in the conventional device as shown in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to perform the cleaving in a state where the pipe is set parallel to the ground. However, as described above, the pipe cutting device of the present invention does not require the pipe fixing parts for preventing the pipe deformation, and as a result, the pipe can be cut even in a state where the pipe is placed vertically (vertical direction to the ground). Play.

It is a schematic diagram (front view) of the pipe cutting jig 1 which comprises the pipe cutting apparatus which is an example of embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram (plan view) of the pipe cutting jig 1 which comprises the pipe cutting apparatus which is an example of embodiment of this invention. It is a mimetic diagram (perspective view) of piping cutting jig 1 which constitutes a piping cutting device which is an example of an embodiment of the invention. It is a perspective view of blade 100 which constitutes piping cutting jig 1 which is an example of an embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the taper part 3 of the cutting tool 100 which comprises the pipe cutting jig 1. As shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows another modification of the taper part 3 of the cutting tool 100 which comprises the pipe cutting jig 1. As shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the cutting tool 100 which used two cutting parts 2 and one taper part 3 of the cutting tool 100. It is a figure which shows the modification when the removable taper part 3C is used for the taper part which comprises the cutting tool 100, (a) is a perspective view when the removable taper part 3C is attached to the cutting tool 100 main body, FIG. 6B is a perspective view when the removable taper portion 3C is removed from the main body of the cutting tool 100. It is a cutting|disconnection state (process 1) figure of the pipe P which used the pipe cutting apparatus A. FIG. It is a cutting|disconnection state (process 2) figure of the piping P which used the piping cutting apparatus A. FIG. It is a cutting|disconnection state (process 3) figure of the piping P which used the piping cutting apparatus A. FIG. It is a disassembled structural drawing of the pipe cutting jig 11 which is an example of another form of implementation of this invention. (A) An enlarged perspective view of the pipe cutting jig 11 when the pipe cutting jig 11 is attached to the pipe cutting device A2 as seen from the pipe P side, (b) a pipe cutting jig attached to the pipe cutting device A2 It is an expansion perspective view seen from the propulsion means T side of 11 parts. It is a figure which shows the modification of the pipe fixing component PF which fixes the pipe P at the time of cleaving. FIG. 7A is a diagram showing the movable range of the pipe fixing component PF on the fixing jig base (pipe supporting jig) 55, and FIG. 7B is an example of using the pipe fixing component PF when cutting the pipe. FIG. The details of the pipe fixing part PF are shown, (a) the two pipe fixing parts PF and PF forming the pipe supporting jig 55, and (b) the two pipe fixing parts forming the pipe supporting jig 55. It is a figure showing the state where parts PF and PF were closed. (A) A side view of the pipe expanding jig 80 installed on the rear side of the pipe cutting device A2, and (b) showing the expanded state of the pipe P after cutting using the pipe expanding jig 80. It is a figure. It is a cutting|disconnection state (preparation stage) figure of the piping P using the piping cutting apparatus A2. It is a cutting| disconnection state ( cutting| disconnection stage) figure of the piping P using the piping cutting apparatus A2. It is a cutting|disconnection state (final stage) figure of the piping P which used the piping cutting apparatus A2. (A) A schematic view showing a state during the cutting of the pipe P using the pipe cutting device A2, (b) A schematic view showing a difference in the form of the pipe residues P5 and P6 depending on the presence or absence of the pipe residue control tool 8. (A) A schematic view showing a form comparison of the residues P5 and P6 with and without the pipe residue control tool 8, and (b) a side view of a pipe cutting jig 11 provided with the pipe residue control tool 8 during the cutting of the pipe P. .. It is a schematic diagram which shows the form of the residue P5 of the piping which generate|occur|produced after piping cutting.

An example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 are schematic views (a front view, a plan view and a perspective view) of a pipe cutting jig 1 which is an example of an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the pipe cutting jig 1 (hereinafter referred to as “jig 1”) is installed from both sides in a state where the upper surface fixing tool 30 is placed above the cutting tool 100 for cutting the piping. Each two sheets are sandwiched by a total of four spacers 20.

The cutting tool 100 and the upper surface fixing tool 30 are integrated by a bolt B from below the cutting tool 100, and the cutting tool 100 and the upper surface fixing tool 30 and the four spacers 20 are integrated by four bolts B. Further, the four spacers 20 are sandwiched from outside (both sides) of the four spacers 20 by two side surface fixing tools 10 and are fixed by using two bolts B.

Further, FIG. 4 is a schematic view (perspective view) of the cutting tool 100 that constitutes the pipe cutting jig 1. The cutting tool 100 shown in FIG. 4 has two (sheet) blade parts 2 and 2 for cutting the pipe and two (sheet) taper parts 3 and 3 for pressing the inner surface of the pipe in the radial direction of the pipe. This is one example. In this blade 100, the blade portion 2 and the tapered portion 3 are formed so as to be orthogonal to each other when viewed from the propelling direction when the pipe is cut.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the blade portion 2 has a sloped portion used for cleaving the pipe, and the distance from the axial center of the blade 100 to the lower end of the sloped surface of the blade 2 is the radius of the inner diameter of the pipe to be cleaved. Smaller than In addition, the distance from the axial center of the cutting tool 100 to the upper end of the slope of the cutting portion 2 is configured to be larger than the radius of the inner diameter of the pipe to be cut.

The minimum conditions of the tip and the upper end of the slope of the blade 2 from the axial center of the blade 100 are as described above, but by taking a large difference within the allowable range of the strength of the blade 2, The corresponding diameter can be wide, from thin to thick. On the other hand, since the tapered portion 3 is in close contact with the inner diameter surface of the pipe to be cleaved, it is for promoting the cleaving smoothly without distortion of the pipe, and the distance from the axial center of the cutting tool 100 to the upper end of the tapered portion is It is desirable that the inner diameter of the pipe to be cleaved is equal to or larger than 1 to 5%.

Further, when the pipe has a small thickness or when the breaking force may be low depending on the material, the tapered portion 3 does not necessarily have to be in close contact with the inner diameter surface of the pipe to be cut, and either one of the tapered portions 3 is not necessary. It may be in the state of being in contact. Further, the pipe portion with which the tapered portion 3 comes into contact has a shape of an opening portion that is split by the blade portion 2 and slightly widens, so that the tapered portion 3 may temporarily not come into contact with the inside of the pipe at all. ..

The materials of the cutting tool 100 and the cutting portion 2 are used for cutting and cutting processes represented by cemented carbide, high-speed tool steel, diamond, ceramics, etc., depending on the material type of the pipe to be processed. It can be selected from many tool grades available. Further, since it is desirable that the blade portion 2 has the same performance as that of the cutting tool, it is preferable that the blade portion 2 be finished by polishing similarly to the cutting tool.

In addition, cutting oil is often not available for the purpose of this cleaving device, and the friction between the blade and the piping material is extremely severe, so wear on the blade is reduced and the cutting load itself is reduced as much as possible. Blade coating is useful for this purpose. As the type of coating, coating used in conventional tools such as diamond can be used. In addition, if the length of the pipe to be cleaved becomes long, the strip-shaped residue, which is a chip, inevitably becomes long, and the residue may interfere with the device such as contact with the column of the cleaving device.

Therefore, as a solution to this interference, it is preferable to divide the residue into short pieces, or to give the residue a rounded shape like a coil spring to further control the outflow of the residue by changing the outflow direction. As a means for that, it is preferable to control the discharge of the residue by subjecting the contact portion between the pipe to be cut and the blade portion to a chip breaker process with a groove structure or the like.

Further, the material of the tapered portion 3 may be the same as that of the cutting tool 100 or the cutting portion 2, but it does not need to be as hard as the cutting portion 2, so that it is not limited to the material for the tool, and it is sufficiently hard by heat treatment. A steel-based material or a ceramic-based sintered material having a certain degree may be used.

Next, another embodiment of the shape of the pipe cutting jig (particularly the cutting tool portion) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 show an embodiment in which the tapered portion 3 of the cutting tool 100 constituting the pipe cutting jig 1 is modified. The blade portion 2 of the blade tool 100 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 has a function equivalent to that of the blade portion 2 shown in FIG. 4, but a part of the tapered portion 3 is modified. The cutting tool 100 shown in FIG. 5 has an R chamfered portion 3A at a corner portion of a portion where a part of the tapered portion 3 contacts the inner surface of the pipe.

With such a configuration, it is possible to reduce the deformation of the portion that comes into contact with the inner surface of the pipe when the pipe is cut, and the fine peeling of the inner surface portion of the pipe. At the same time, the friction of the contact surface between the tapered part and the inner surface of the pipe can be reduced, so the propulsive force for pushing down the propulsion means can be reduced, and more efficient pipe cutting with less collected products according to the purpose of the pipe cutting inspection. realizable.

Similarly, as shown in FIG. 6, the same effect can be obtained by providing the roller portion (bearing member) 3B at the portion of the tapered portion 3 that contacts the inner surface of the pipe. 5 and 6, the taper portion 3 on one side has the R chamfered portion 3A and the roller portion 3B on the other side, but both the taper portions 3 and 3 have the R chamfered portion 3A. May be provided, or the roller portion 3B may be provided.

FIG. 7 shows a modified example of the blade 100 in which the blade 100 has two blades 2 and one taper 3. With such a shape, a pipe piece having a smaller angle (center angle) can be obtained as compared with the case where the pipe piece after cleaving is divided into two at 180°. As a result, when the pipe to be cleaved has a small diameter, the exposed portion inside the pipe is easy to handle, and the inspection efficiency can be improved. The tapered portion 3 of the cutting tool 100 shown in FIG. 7 may also have the R chamfered portion 3A or/and the roller portion 3B shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.

FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B are modified examples in which a detachable detachable taper portion 3C is used in which the taper portion forming the cutting tool 100 can be replaced according to the target pipe diameter. FIG. 8A is a perspective view when the removable taper portion 3C is attached to the main body of the cutting tool 100, and FIG. 8B is a perspective view when the removable taper portion 3C is removed from the main body of the cutting tool 100. When handling pipes of various thicknesses (outer diameter and inner diameter), since the tapered portion is in contact with the inner surface of the pipe, the diameter of the pipe that can be handled by the tapered portion of a certain size (inclination angle) is limited. However, with such a configuration, one cutting tool 100 can handle various pipe diameters to be cleaved, and work efficiency is improved.

As described above, by taking a large difference in the distance between the tip end and the upper end of the inclined surface of the blade 2 from the axial center of the cutting tool 100, it is possible to take a wide range of compatible diameters of the split pipes that can be used. However, since the tapered portion 3 needs to be in close contact with the inner diameter surface of the pipe to be cleaved, by making the tapered portion 3C detachable as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the corresponding diameter of the cleaved pipe can be obtained. A wide blade and taper can be realized.

Although not shown, the tapered portion of the cutting tool 100 can be opened/closed, and an elastic body such as a spring is provided inside the tapered portion so that the outer diameter of the tapered portion follows the inner diameter of the pipe. However, the same effect can be obtained.

Further, FIG. 7 shows a modified example in which the number of the blade portions 2 is two and the number of the taper portions 3 is one. However, if a thick pipe is cut in this case, an excessive stress from the outside acts on the taper portions 3. Therefore, distortion may occur. In order to suppress the distortion, the occurrence of such distortion can be reduced by providing the second taper portion 3 at the axially symmetrical position when viewed from the center of the cutting tool 100. This makes it possible to obtain the above-mentioned pipe piece having a small center angle and further reduce the strain of the pipe after cleaving.

Further, although not shown, by making the blade 100 to have four blade portions 2 and two taper portions 3, the pipe piece after cleaving can be made into a fragment having a smaller central angle. Further, it becomes possible to make the disposal work of the disposal process, transportation, and storage more efficient. Here, it is within the scope of the present invention to further provide the tapered portion 3.

Next, a method of cleaving the pipe P using the pipe cleaving apparatus A of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 11. 9 to 11 are views showing the cutting state (steps 1 to 3) of the pipe P using the pipe cutting device A. 9 to 11, in order to make it easier to see the cut state of the pipe P by the tapered portion 3 of the cutting tool 100, the side surface fixing tool 10 and the spacer 20 on one side of the pipe cutting jig 1 are removed and simplified. The form is illustrated.

First, as shown in FIG. 9, after fixing the pipe P to be cleaved to the pipe fixing part PF of the pipe cleaving device A, the pipe cleaving jig 1 attached to the tip of the propulsion means T is brought close to the end face of the pipe P. (Step 1). Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the propelling means T is gradually lowered to push the pipe cutting jig 1 into the pipe P in the pipe axis direction. Thereby, a part of the pipe P is peeled off in a strip shape from both sides of the pipe P (step 2). After that, when the pipe cutting jig 1 reaches the lowest point of the pipe P as shown in FIG. 11, the cutting of the pipe P is completed, and two strip-shaped residues P1 and P2 are left on the pipe cutting device A. It falls (step 3). Finally, after pulling up the pipe cleaving jig 1 to the original position for cleaving, the pipe P fixed by the pipe fixing component PF is divided into two parts, and by taking them out, a series of cleaving steps is completed.

The pipe fixing component PF may be a jig that can be opened/closed so that the pipe to be cut can be easily taken out if necessary. Further, since a very large cutting load is applied to the blade portion 2, it is possible that the mounting directions of the support columns 6 and 6 for supporting the pipe cutting jig 1 in a vertically movable state and the blade portions 2 and 2 are substantially the same. , It is desirable to reduce the distortion of fracture. When two or more blades 2 are provided, it is desirable to determine the relationship between the orientation of the blades 2 and the struts 6 in a direction in which a load is applied to the struts 6 and 6 evenly.

In the above description, it is preferable that the distance from the axial center of the cutting tool 100 to the upper end of the taper portion 3 of the tapered portion 3 is equal to or larger than the inner diameter of the cleaved pipe by about 1% to 5%. In order to open the pipe after cleaving so as to avoid the interference between the long pipe and the pipe cutting jig 1, the distance from the axial center of the cutting tool 100 to the upper end of the taper portion 3 is further increased by 10%. Can be dealt with from 20% to 20%.

In addition, the method of cleaving the pipe P using the pipe cleaving device A described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 11 is the cleaving in the case where the pipe P is placed vertically (a state in which the longitudinal direction of the pipe to be cleaved is perpendicular to the ground). However, it is also possible to perform the cleaving in the case where the pipe P is laid horizontally (the cleaving in the state where the pipe is placed parallel to the ground) as in the prior art.

Next, an example of a modification of the pipe fixing component PF of the pipe cutting device A in FIG. 9 will be described. FIG. 14 is a modified example of the pipe fixing component PF that fixes the pipe P at the time of cleaving. The figure (a) shows the movable range of the pipe fixing part PF in the fixing jig base (pipe supporting jig) 55, and the figure (b) shows an example of use of the pipe fixing part PF at the time of pipe cutting. As shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B, the pair of pipe fixing parts PF are placed on the fixing jig base 55 and are rotatably supported around the columns 60 of the pipe cutting device A as axes. When the pipe fixing part PF is not used, it is released by the spring force as shown by the arrow in FIG. 14( a ), but when the pipe is cut, the pipe P to be cut is cut as shown in FIG. 14( b ). It is sandwiched by a pair of pipe fixing parts PF, PF from both sides, and is fixed so that the pipe fixing parts PF, PF are not released by the pressing metal fitting 70.

With this configuration, the pipe fixing component PF and the fixing jig base 55 move substantially in synchronism with the movement of the propulsion unit T that presses the pipe cutting jig 1 in FIG. In order to move the propelling means T and the pipe fixing part PF substantially in synchronization, the distance between the pedestal portion of the pipe cutting device A and the propelling means T is set to a predetermined distance by springs or the like on both sides of the fixing jig base 55. Is configured as follows.

With such a configuration, even if the pipe P is long, the pipe fixing component PF is kept at the optimum position for pipe cutting, so that the work is not interrupted due to bending of the pipe P and the length is increased efficiently. Can be used to cut length pipes. It should be noted that the pipe fixing component PF may be configured such that the holding metal fitting 70 is automatically detached from the pedestal portion of the pipe cutting device A by a releasing pin or the like when the work is completed.

With such a configuration, the pipe fixing component PF is released as shown in FIG. 14(a), so that the split fragments after pipe cutting can be handled extremely efficiently. Further, as described above, it has been difficult in the past due to the simple structure of supporting the cutting blade portion and the pipe in contact with the inner surface and using the pipe cutting jig provided with the tapered portion for preventing the bending and the twisting. The metal pipe can be cut more efficiently.

In the present embodiment, a case is shown in which a pipe made of a relatively hard material such as stainless steel is cut, but a pipe made of a free-cutting material such as copper is cut. In this case, the side fixing device 10 and the spacer 20 shown in FIG. 1 which constitute the pipe cutting jig 1 as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 may be removed. That is, it is possible to attach or detach the components of the pipe cutting jig 1 according to the pipe material.

Further, the pipe fixing part PF attached to the pipe cutting device A shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 is difficult to be taken out from the pipe fixing part PF because the lower part of the pipe is deformed after the completion of the cutting by using, for example, a 4-jaw type scroll chuck. Even in such a case, the pipe can be easily removed by expanding the above-mentioned claw component to the outside.

Next, a pipe cutting jig according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 12 shows an exploded structural view of a pipe cutting jig 11 which is an example of another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12, the pipe cutting jig 11 has a cutting tool 110, in which two cemented carbide chips (not shown) are fitted at the tip end, as shown in FIG. 12, and is arranged at the central position. It is sandwiched by four spacers 20 and fixed with bolts B and nuts N (the example shown in FIG. 12 shows the case where four sets of bolts B and nuts N are fixed).

Next, the pipe residue control tools 8 and 8 having tapered surfaces are further fixed to the two spacers 20 and 20 fixed to one side of the cutting tool 110 with bolts B and nuts N. That is, the pipe cutting jig 11 shown in FIG. 12 includes a blade 110, a spacer 20, a pipe residue control tool 8 and a plurality of bolts B and nuts N for integrating these parts.

FIG. 13 shows a state where the pipe cutting jig 11 shown in FIG. 12 is attached to the pipe cutting device A2, and FIG. 13A shows the pipe when the pipe cutting jig 11 is attached to the pipe cutting device A2. The enlarged perspective view of the cleaving jig 11 part is shown, and the same figure (b) shows the enlarged perspective view of the pipe cleaving jig 11 part attached to the pipe cleaving device A2 when the pipe P is present. The pipe cutting jig 11 is on the front side (propulsion direction side) of the propulsion means T in the pipe cutting device A2 as shown in FIG. 13A, and on the rear side of the pipe support jig 55 (opposite to the propulsion direction). Side) position.

In preparation for the cleaving step, first, when the pipe P to be cleaved is fixed (chucked) to the pipe cleaving device A2 by a pipe fixing means (not shown), a pipe supporting jig 55 is used as shown in FIG. 13(b). And sandwich the circumference of the pipe P. After that, the pipe cutting jig is moved by using the propelling means T so that the two cemented carbide chips CH, CH attached to the tip end portion of the cutting tool 110 constituting the pipe cutting jig 11 enter the inner diameter side of the pipe P. The tip portion of 11 is brought closer to the pipe P side. 13(a) and 13(b) show an example of the device for cutting the pipe cutting device A2 in a state where the pipe axis direction (longitudinal direction) of the pipe P is parallel to the ground.

FIG. 15 is a view for explaining FIG. 14 in more detail, and shows the open/closed state of the two pipe fixing arms (pipe fixing parts) PF, PF that constitute the pipe supporting jig 55. In the same figure (a), the two pipe fixing arms PF and PF of the pipe supporting jig 55 are open, and in the same figure (b) the two pipe fixing arms PF and PF of the pipe supporting jig 55 are closed. Indicates the state. As shown in FIG. 15A, the pipe support jig 55 is composed of two pipe fixing arms PF and PF for fixing the pipe P and a rectangular frame member connecting the arms. Each of the pipe fixing arms PF, PF and the frame member are fixed by a spring, and the pipe fixing arm PF has a structure in which the pipe fixing arm PF can freely rotate around the support column 160 of the pipe cutting device A2. At the same time, a hole is provided in each pipe fixing arm PF, and the support 160 of the pipe cutting device A2 is penetrated through the hole, so that the pipe support jig 55 slides in the axial direction of the support 160. It is configured to be possible.

With this configuration, even if the pipe to be cleaved is long, the pipe fixing arm PF is kept at the optimum position when the pipe is cleaved, so that the cleaving work is not interrupted due to the bending of the pipe P, etc. Can cut long pipes. It should be noted that the pipe fixing arm PF may be provided with a part such as a holding metal fitting to automatically release the constraint of the pipe by the pipe fixing arm PF by a releasing pin or the like at the end of the cleaving work.

In the state where the pipe cutting device A2 does not restrain the pipe (not shown), the two pipe fixing arms PF of the pipe supporting jig 55, and the tip portions of the PF are located outside the column 160, as shown in FIG. To do. Further, since the two pipe fixing arms PF, PF and the above-mentioned frame member are connected by the spring, the two pipe fixing arms PF, PF can move rotatably around the column 160 in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. In the state where the pipe cutting device A2 restrains the pipe (not shown), the two pipe fixing arms PF, PF have their tip portions positioned between the two columns 160, 160 as shown in FIG. Rotate each arm.

When the recesses (notches) provided in the two pipe fixing arms are fitted to each other, the pipe P (not shown) to be cut is inserted into the fitted portions. The shape of the recess of the pipe fixing arm PF shown in FIG. 15 is a V-shape, but the shape is not limited to the V-shape, and may be a U-shape or a semicircle. In addition, at the portion where the recess and the pipe come into contact, a roller portion such as a bearing or a groove may be provided so that the pipe supporting jig 55 moves smoothly in the cleaving process, or a lubricant may be applied to the surface of the recess. it can.

Next, the structure and function of the pipe expanding jig 80, which is a jig for expanding (expanding) the pipe after cleaving, will be described with reference to FIG. 16A is a side view of the pipe expanding jig 80 installed on the rear side of the pipe cutting device A2, and FIG. 16B is a pipe expanding treatment for the pipe P after the cutting. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state in which the diameter is expanded using the tool 80. The pipe expanding jig 80 is installed on the rear side (opposite to the propelling direction) of the pipe breaking jig 11 in the pipe breaking device A2, and as shown in FIG. 16(a), the propelling means T (not shown). It can be detachably attached to the tip of the cylinder shaft of the hydraulic cylinder, which is the source of propulsion. The shape of the pipe diameter expanding jig 80 has a taper shape as shown in FIG. 16(a), and the length and inclination angle of the taper portion are various such as the material, diameter, and wall thickness of the pipe to be cleaved. It can be changed appropriately depending on the conditions.

Next, the function of the pipe diameter expanding jig 80 will be described. As described above, when the pipe expanding jig 80 is used by being attached to the tip end portion of the cylinder shaft of the hydraulic cylinder, the propulsion means T of the pipe cleaving device A2 advances in the propulsion direction. According to such an operation principle, the pipe P is divided into two while a residue (not shown) (of the pipe) is generated by the pipe cutting jig 11. The cleaving process may be interrupted due to the two divided pipes P coming into contact with the propulsion means T behind the pipe cleaving jig 11 and the cylinder shaft of the hydraulic cylinder. Therefore, in the pipe cutting device A2, by installing the pipe expanding jig 80 having a tapered portion on the rear side of the pipe cutting jig 11, the divided pipe P spreads outward and the rear side of the pipe cutting jig 11 is reached. It is possible to prevent contact with the propulsion means T on the side and the cylinder shaft of the hydraulic cylinder, and to smoothly proceed with the cleaving process.

Next, the cleaving process of the pipe P using the pipe cleaving device A2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 17 to 19. FIG. 17 shows the state of the cleaving preparation stage of the pipe P using the pipe cleaving device A2. That is, after one end of the pipe P is chucked (fixed) to the pipe cutting device A2 by a fixing jig (not shown), the periphery of the pipe P is supported by the pipe supporting jig 55, and the tip of the cutting tool (not shown) of the pipe cutting jig 11 is supported. The state where the part is brought close to the inner diameter side of the pipe P is shown. In other words, in the state of the pipe cutting device A2 shown in FIG. 13(b), it is the same as the state in which the pipe support jig 55 and the pipe cutting jig 11 are viewed from the propulsion direction side.

FIG. 18 shows the state of the cleaving stage of the pipe P using the pipe cleaving device A2. The propulsion means T forming the pipe cutting device A2 advances in the propulsion direction (the direction of the arrow in the drawing) along the two columns 160, 160 of the pipe cutting device A2. As a result, the pipe cutting jig 11 that is in contact with the propulsion means T advances in the propulsion direction, whereby the pipe P is cut. Further, the pipe supporting jig 55 and the pipe breaking jig 11 are connected by a spring so that the distance between them can be expanded and contracted as shown in FIG. 18, and the pipe supporting jig 55 and the pipe breaking jig 11 are connected to each other. The distance is adjusted to be within a predetermined range.

Further, when the process of cleaving the pipe P proceeds, as shown in FIG. 18, the residues (chips) P3 and P4 of the pipe P are spirally discharged from the upper and lower two directions of the pipe cleaving jig 11. Since the residues P3 and P4 of the pipe P are discharged in a spiral shape, discharge of the residues due to clogging of the residues P3 and P4 in the pipe cutting jig 11 is suppressed, or a part of the pipe cutting device A2 is provided. It is possible to prevent the cleaving process from being hindered (interrupted) by contact or collision. Since the two columns 160, 160 forming the pipe cutting device A2 penetrate through a part of the propulsion means T and the pipe support jig 55, both can be freely moved along the two columns 160, 160. It is configured to be movable.

FIG. 19 shows the state of the final stage of the cleaving process of the pipe P using the pipe cleaving device A2. When the cleaving process of the pipe P is at the final stage, the residues P3 and P4 of the pipe P are between the spacer 20 and the pipe residue control tool 8 constituting the pipe cleaving jig 11 shown in FIG. 12, as in the state shown in FIG. Emitted from. The state of the residues P3 and P4 becomes longer than the state shown in FIG. 18, but since the discharge state is maintained in the spiral state, the residues P3 and P4 become the pipe cutting jig 11 and the two columns 160, 160, etc. The cleaving process can be performed smoothly without contact. The reason why the pipe P after cleaving is slightly expanded on the rear side of the propulsion means T is that the pipe P is expanded outward by the pipe expanding jig 80 shown in FIG. 16 after the pipe P is cleaved. is there. Here, in order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the cleaving, the cylinder shaft shown in FIG. 16 is vibrated at a low frequency, and the propelling means T is intermittently slightly propelled to advance and retreat due to repulsion. It is possible to reduce interruption of fracture due to bending. At this time, the frequency can be freely selected within the range of 1 to 80 Hz and the vibration amount within the range of 0.01 to 10 mm. The vibration may be an electromagnetic or electromechanical method using a motor or a solenoid, or can be realized by minutely controlling the pressure of the hydraulic pump.

Next, a pipe cutting test using a pipe cutting device A2 (total length of about 1300 mm) provided with the pipe cutting jig 11 shown in FIG. 12 was conducted. The results will be described with reference to FIGS. 20 to 22. In this test, an aluminum brass (C6872) pipe (total length 500 mm, diameter 19 mm, wall thickness 1.2 mm) used as a pipe for a condenser for thermal power/nuclear power was used as the pipe to be cleaved, and the propulsion means was manually operated. A hydraulic pump (cylinder stroke 300 mm, maximum load 10 ton) was used. In addition, a pipe cutting test is conducted with the pipe residue control tool 8 attached to one side of the pipe cutting jig 11 and the pipe residue control tool 8 removed from the other side, depending on the presence or absence of the pipe residue control tool 8. The difference in the form of the piping residue was confirmed.

20A and 20B are schematic views showing a state of the pipe P being cleaved using the pipe cleaving device A2, and FIG. 20B is a schematic diagram showing the difference between the forms of the pipe residues P5 and P6 depending on the presence or absence of the pipe residue control tool 8. It is a figure.
FIG. 20(a) shows a state in which the pipe cutting jig 11 is moving from the right side to the left side in the drawing by a propelling means (not shown) in the step of cutting the pipe P using the pipe cutting device A2. Show. The pipe P is cut into two parts by the two cemented carbide chips CH, CH constituting the pipe cutting jig 11, and residues P5, P5 are generated as chips. The two residues P5 and P5 are cut from the pipe P by the two cemented carbide chips CH and CH, and then discharged together with the shape of the cutting tool 110. After that, since the side surfaces of the residues P5 and P5 are discharged along the tapered surface of the pipe residue control tool 8, the shape thereof has a spiral shape from the back side of the drawing toward the front side.

FIG. 20B is a schematic diagram showing the difference in the form of the residue P5 and P6 of the pipe depending on the presence or absence of the pipe residue control tool 8 with the pipe residue control tool 8 attached to only one side of the pipe cutting jig 11. The pipe residue control tool 8 is attached to one side (upper side of the drawing) of the pipe cutting jig 11, and the pipe residue control tool 8 is not attached to the other side (lower side of the drawing). 2 shows a state in the middle of cleaving when the pipe cleaving jig 11 is moved by a not-shown propulsion means. 20B, the spacer 20 is also attached to the side on which the pipe residue control tool 8 is attached, but on the side where the pipe residue control tool 8 is not attached, the shape of the discharged residue P6 is grasped. The spacer 20 is temporarily removed.

When the pipe residue control tool 8 is attached to the pipe cleaving jig 11, the residue P5 is smoothly removed from the residue P5 as shown in FIG. 20(a) as shown in FIG. 20(b). Emitted from. On the other hand, when the pipe residue control tool 8 is not attached to the pipe cutting jig 11, the residue P6 generated from the pipe P is cut from the pipe P by the cemented carbide chip CH as shown in FIG. After that, the pipe cleaving jig 11 was clogged when it came out from the pipe cleaving jig 11. As a result, it is necessary to interrupt the cleaving process of the pipe and remove the clogging, so that the efficiency of the cleaving process is reduced.

21(a) and 21(b), similar to the case shown in FIG. 20(b), the forms of the pipe residues P5 and P6 after the pipe cutting test with and without the pipe residue control tool 8 in the pipe cutting jig 11 are compared. FIG. In the pipe cutting jig 11 shown in FIG. 21A, the pipe residue control tool 8 is attached to the pipe cutting jig 11 on the right side of the drawing, and the pipe residue control tool 8 is not attached to the left side of the drawing. (In order to grasp the entire discharge form of the pipe residue P5, one spacer 20 on the right side of the drawing to which the pipe residue control tool 8 is attached is removed).

The difference in the (discharging) form of the pipe residues P5 and P6 depending on the presence or absence of the pipe residue control tool 8 is that the pipe residue control tool 8 is attached to the pipe cutting jig 11 as shown in FIGS. In some cases, the pipe residue P5 is spirally discharged. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the pipe residue P5 from coming into contact with the pipe cutting jig 11 or a not shown cutting device so as to prevent the cutting process from being interrupted midway.

The pipe residue P5 is given a curvature when being discharged along the cemented carbide chip CH that is the blade portion, the taper T1 of the blade tool continuous surface, and the S1 surface of the blade tool 110, and is formed in a substantially spiral shape, It is realized by the inclination θ of the S2 surface which is the T2 taper surface of the pipe residue control tool 8. In the pipe residue P5 on the right side of the paper shown in FIG. 21A, the side surface of the pipe residue P5 is pushed upward toward the top of the paper of FIG. This is realized by controlling the residue P5.

Here, by changing the inclination θ of the S2 surface depending on the length, thickness, and material of the pipe, it is possible to realize the required spiral of the pipe residue and the pitch of the ring spring shape. The angles γ=45° and θ=7° that realize the taper T1 in FIG. 21 in the main pipe breaking test, but the S1 surface does not necessarily have to have the same angle as the angle γ, and continuous T1 inclination is continued. Alternatively, it may be a flat surface such as the cutting tool 110 shown in FIG.

Here, it is preferable that each angle is selected from the range of γ=30 to 60° and θ=5 to 15°. As described above, the surfaces S1 and S1 of the cutting tool are given a proper curvature to the residue by the large residue control taper T1 connected to the cutting portion to form a ring shape, and S2 of the piping residue control tool 8 located at a position substantially perpendicular to the S1 surface. To control the discharge shape of the residue three-dimensionally by giving an appropriate pitch like a spring spring by pushing out a ring-shaped object diagonally with a small residue control taper T2 (inclination shown by θ in the figure). You can As a result, the cleaving device can be discharged in a shape that does not hinder the entire cutting device.

Here, another embodiment for controlling the ring spring pitch of the pipe residue will be described. In FIG. 12, a spring or a spring washer is inserted between the spacer 20 and the pipe residue control tool 8, and the tightening force of the bolt B is controlled to control the amount of the tapered surface S2 protruding from the end surface of the spacer 20. The pitch of the pipe residue can be changed. As a result, it is possible to smoothly carry out the cutting of pipes having different types, diameters, and thicknesses at the actual site.

Also, the pitch of the pipe residue can be changed by inserting a spacer in place of the variable member of the spring or spring washer and changing the thickness and the number of spacers. Further, in place of the cutting tool 110 used in the description of the pipe breaking test from FIG. 12 to FIG. 20, it is also within the scope of the present invention to use a cutting tool having a tapered portion described in FIGS. 1 to 8 as a cutting tool having a tapered portion. is there. Further, although the cutting tool 110 is described and illustrated as having the cemented carbide chip CH embedded therein, it is essential to eliminate the taper portion in FIG. 4 or to use a cutting tool having an integrated cutting portion having an extremely low shape. It falls within the scope of the invention.

On the other hand, when the pipe residue control tool 8 is not attached to the pipe cutting jig 11, the spacers 20 and 20 are again provided after the pipe residue P6 is discharged as shown in the left side of the drawing of FIG. 20B, and finally the pipe residue P6 cannot be discharged from the pipe cutting jig 11 as in the case shown in FIG. 20B, so that the pipe cutting process must be interrupted.

FIG. 22 shows an example of the form of the pipe residue (chips) P5 after the pipe P is cut by the pipe cutting jig 11 to which the pipe residue control tool 8 is attached. Since the pipe residue P5 has a three-dimensional spiral shape as shown in FIG. 22, for example, it becomes possible to accurately perform a chemical investigation on the contamination or corrosion state of the inner surface of the pipe together with the divided pipe.

As described above, as a method of cleaving the pipe in the longitudinal direction, conventionally, a fusing method utilizing heat such as laser and welding and a cutting method using a saw-shaped blade or various tools have been adopted, respectively. There were many issues. In addition, for piping of ferrous materials including non-ferrous metals, it may be considered that the tool has a V-shaped cross section like a knife blade, but with the V-shaped the stress applied to the sharp tip is large. However, there was a problem that the cutting edge was immediately lost.

Also, when the tool cuts into the material, the material needs to be deformed according to its shape, but it is difficult to deform because the material itself has high strength, and the tool that has forced into the material with great force is required. It will be sandwiched. As a result, an extremely large cutting load is required, and it is possible to overcome the problems that the cutting is impossible and the material buckles.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The pipe cutting device of the present invention cuts a part of the material as a strip-shaped residue having the same width as that of the tool while pressing the material into the material, and at the same time, the force for pinching the tool is made extremely small. This facilitates the movement of the tool in the axial direction, that is, "cutting". As a result, it has become possible to axially cleave high-strength materials such as non-ferrous metals and steel-based materials, and not only when cleaving pipes at chemical plants, but also when cleaving and reusing pipes. At that time, it has a very useful effect.

1, 11 Pipe Cleaving Jig 2 Blade Part 3 Tapered Part 3A R Chamfering Part 3B Roller Part 3C Detachable Tapered Part 8 Pipe Residue Control Tool 10 Side Fixing Tool 20 Spacer 55 Pipe Supporting Jig 80 Pipe Expanding Jig 100, 110 Cutting tool 160 Supports A, A2 Pipe cutting device B Bolt CH Carbide chip N nut P Pipe PF Pipe fixing part (pipe fixing arm)
P3 to P6 Pipe residue (chips)
T propulsion means

Claims (2)

A blade tool formed of two blade portions that cut the pipe along the longitudinal direction and two tapered portions that closely adhere to the inner diameter surface of the pipe, two spacers that sandwich the blade tool from both sides, and the spacer And a pipe residue control tool having two tapered surfaces, wherein the blade portion and the taper portion are formed orthogonal to each other, and the blade portion and the taper portion are provided. Is radially extended from the axial center of the cutting tool in a radial direction, is circumferentially spaced at the outer peripheral portion of the cutting tool, and the tapered surface of the pipe residue control tool is A pipe cutting jig, which is provided radially outward of the pipe with respect to the blade portion. The pipe cleaving jig according to claim 1, a propelling means and a prop for propelling the pipe cleaving jig along the longitudinal direction of the pipe, and an opening-closing type that movably supports the pipe along the prop. A pipe support jig having a pipe fixing part, wherein the pipe support jig is arranged on the forward side of the pipe cleaving jig, and the propulsion means is behind the pipe cleaving jig. A pipe cutting device, which is disposed on a side, and has a structure in which the pipe fixing component can freely rotate around the column.

Images