JP6739775B2 - Felling aid - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a felling auxiliary device used for felling thinned wood or the like, and particularly to a felling auxiliary device capable of felling a tree in a desired direction when felling with a chainsaw.

Conventionally, when felling a tree, a chain saw was used to form a notch called a “receptacle” on the trunk of the tree, and a notch called an additional mouth was made from the opposite side of the tree to form a notch. Kill trees to the side. The direction in which the tree is to be knocked down is determined in consideration of safety and workability. That is, the direction in which the tree falls is determined so as not to be caught by another tree or hit a building.

The receiving port is formed by a lower cut that goes inward from the outer circumference of the trunk and an oblique cut that is inclined from above the lower cut toward the lower cut. It is desirable to form the undercut horizontally, and if it is slanted, the tree will fall in an unintended direction. Therefore, Patent Document 1 describes the use of a guide for assisting the formation of the receiving opening and the additional opening. This guide is realized by wrapping a sheet around the trunk of a tree on which lines indicating the positions of the receiving port and the trailing port are drawn. The sheet has a lower cutting line parallel to the longitudinal direction and an oblique cutting line that is an equilateral side of an isosceles triangle having the lower cutting line as a base. An operator can form a socket by cutting a tree along the line of the sheet.

JP, 2011-254732, A

However, trees grow at various angles with respect to the horizontal direction, and the underline of the sheet wound around the trunk may not be horizontal. In that case, there is a problem in that even if the material is cut along the lower cutting line, it is not horizontal. If the undercut is not horizontal, it will not be possible to form an ideal culvert and the tree will not fall in any direction.

An object of the present invention is to provide a felling assisting device that can easily fall a tree in an arbitrary direction regardless of the tree extending direction.

The present invention includes a device body on which a laser is mounted, and a belt for attaching the device body to a tree, the device body having a base portion having a front surface and a back surface, and a laser portion attached to the base portion. A rotation mechanism having a rotation axis parallel to the surface for rotating the laser section with respect to the surface, and a swing mechanism having a rotation axis perpendicular to the surface for swinging the laser section with respect to the surface A mechanism, the laser unit includes a laser generator that generates a laser, and a laser cover that has a base end and a tip that is a laser irradiation unit and that covers the laser generator, and the swivel mechanism is The laser unit is swung in the vertical direction in the mounted state around the base end, and the swing mechanism is mounted via a rotary shaft perpendicular to the surface of the base unit and the laser unit is fixed. A swing plate, a slide hole provided in the swing plate, a slide pin slidable in the slide hole and fixed to the base portion, and provided at an end of the slide pin. And a fixing member for fixing the movement of the oscillating plate, the oscillating mechanism oscillates the laser unit in the left-right direction in the mounted state, and finely adjusts the laser so as to point in the vertical direction. Is characterized by .
Therefore, even if the tree does not extend in the vertical direction, the laser can point in the vertical direction, and the laser can be used as a mark to form a receptacle having a horizontal undercut.

Elastically deformable mounting feet may be provided on the back surface of the base portion.
Therefore, the main body of the device can be securely attached to the trunk of the tree through the attachment legs.

The laser unit may include an attenuating unit that attenuates the amount of laser light.
Therefore, it is possible to reduce the influence when the laser hits the eyes of an operator, for example.

The belt further comprises a belt wound around a trunk of a tree to fix the apparatus body to the tree, at least a part of the belt is elastically deformable, and the back surface of the base portion is engaged with the belt. Possible engagements may be provided.
Therefore, the belt can be brought into close contact with the trunk, and a space can be formed between the belt and the trunk simply by pulling the belt. The main body of the device can be attached to the trunk of the tree by engaging the engaging portion with the void.

A check plate that is irradiated with the laser and can be separated from the apparatus main body may be further provided, and a check mark that extends linearly intermittently or continuously may be attached to the check plate.
Therefore, it is possible to make the laser more visible.

According to the felling assisting device of the present invention, when the device main body is attached to the trunk of the tree, the laser unit is provided with the swing mechanism capable of moving in the left-right direction, which is the case when the tree does not extend in the vertical direction. However, the laser section can be swung so that the laser points in the vertical direction. By making a cut at a right angle to the laser extending in the vertical direction, a horizontal receiving port can be formed, and the tree can be easily tilted in any direction regardless of the direction in which the tree extends.

Explanatory drawing of a use state. The perspective view of the felling auxiliary|assistant apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The front view of the felling auxiliary device. (A) It is a side view of a felling auxiliary device, and the figure which the front-end|tip part of a laser part has faced downward. (B) It is a side view of the felling auxiliary device, and the figure which the front-end|tip part of a laser part has faced upwards. Explanatory drawing of a check plate. FIG. 6 is a view for explaining a work procedure, in which a tip portion of a laser portion is directed downward from a horizontal direction. FIG. 6 is a view for explaining a work procedure, in which a tip portion of a laser portion faces upward. FIG. 6 is a view for explaining a work procedure, in which a tip portion of a laser portion faces downward. The IX-IX line end view of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the tree 100 is felled by making a receiving port 110 with a chainsaw and then making an additional port 120. The receptacle 110 is composed of a substantially horizontal lower cut 111 and a diagonal cut 112 intersecting the lower cut 111. The intersection of the lower cut 111 and the diagonal cut 112 is called a meeting line 113, and the direction perpendicular to the meeting line 113 is the direction in which the tree 100 falls. Therefore, accurate formation of the receiving port 110 is important for felling in any direction. The felling assisting device 1 of this embodiment can be used especially for accurately forming the receiving port 110.

The felling assisting device 1 includes a device body 2 on which a laser is mounted, a belt 3 for attaching the device body 2 to a tree, and a check plate 60 (see FIG. 5) for confirming the position of the laser. A line laser is used as the laser, and the irradiation method may be either continuous or intermittent.

The belt 3 has a length that allows it to be wound around the trunk of a tree, and at least a part of the belt 3 is elastic. In this embodiment, the belt 3 includes a non-elastic portion 3A and an elastic portion 3B. The non-elastic portion 3A is non-stretchable, and for the elastic portion 3B, for example, flat rubber can be used. By thus forming a part of the belt 3 as the elastic portion 3B, the belt 3 can be brought into close contact with the trunk having irregularities. Further, by providing the elastic portion 3B, even after the belt 3 is wound, it is possible to easily form a gap with the trunk by pulling the belt 3. By forming the gap, the engaging portion 24 of the device body 2 described later can be easily hooked.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the apparatus main body 2 includes a base portion 20 having a front surface 21 and a back surface 22, and a laser portion 30 attached to the base portion 20. The base portion 20 has a side surface 23 that stands up from the back surface 22, and a cutout that goes upward from below when the device body 2 is attached to the tree 100 is formed on the side surface 23, and the cutout to the belt 3 is formed by this cutout. The engaging portion 24 is configured. Further, mounting feet 25 are provided on the side surface 23. In this embodiment, the mounting feet 25 are provided at four places. A mounting plate 26 that is substantially parallel to the back surface 22 is disposed on the side surface 23, and the mounting foot 25 is mounted on the base portion 20 via the mounting plate 26. In this embodiment, the mounting plate 26 also serves as the engaging portion 24.

The mounting foot 25 includes an elastic end portion 25A, a pin 25B extending from the elastic end portion 25A and having a diameter smaller than that of the elastic end portion 25A, and between the mounting plate 26 and the elastic end portion 25A and on the outer periphery of the pin 25B. And a biasing member 25C positioned. A pin hole larger than the diameter of the pin 25B is formed in the mounting plate 26, and the pin 25B inserted into the pin hole is supported by a nut (not shown). The urging member 25C is urged by bending in the compression direction between the mounting plate 26 and the elastic end portion 25A. The mounting foot 25 is movable in the axial direction of the pin 25B via the biasing member 25C, and is also movable in the direction intersecting the axial direction of the pin 25B due to the gap between the pin 25B and the pin hole. Such mounting feet 25 are appropriately deformed and moved according to the unevenness of the tree to securely fix the apparatus main body 2 to the trunk surface of the tree.

The laser unit 30 is attached to the front surface 21 of the base unit 20 via the turning mechanism 40. The laser unit 30 includes a laser cover 31 that covers a laser generator that generates a laser, and an attenuating unit 32 that is disposed at a laser irradiation port of the laser cover 31 and that attenuates the amount of laser light. The laser cover 31 includes a base end portion 31A and a tip end portion 31B, and the attenuating portion 32 is provided at the tip end portion 31B. In this embodiment, an attenuation filter capable of attenuating the amount of laser light is used as the attenuation unit 32.

The laser unit 30 can swivel around the base end portion 31A of the laser cover 31 via the swivel mechanism 40, and swivels vertically in the mounted state. The turning mechanism 40 includes a rotation shaft 41 provided at the base end 31A of the laser cover 31 and parallel to the surface 21, and a fixing means 42 provided at the end of the rotation shaft for fixing the turning movement of the laser cover 31. The laser cover 31 can swivel around the rotation shaft 41 from FIG. 4(A) to FIG. 4(B), and the swiveling angle is about 200 degrees.

FIG. 4A shows a state in which the tip portion 31B of the laser cover 31, which is the laser irradiation portion, faces downward in the mounted state. That is, the laser irradiates the bottom of the tree and the ground. In this state, the laser section 30 is inclined about 10 degrees from the vertical direction toward the back surface 22 side. Further, in this state, the attenuating portion 32 is arranged at the tip end portion 31B, and the state is shown in which the laser is irradiated through the attenuation filter at the laser irradiation port.

FIG. 4B shows a state in which the tip portion 31B of the laser cover 31 faces upward in the mounted state. That is, the laser irradiates the upper part of the tree. In this state, it is inclined toward the back surface 22 side by about 10 degrees from the vertical direction. That is, at any of the positions shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, when the device main body 2 is attached to a tree, the tree side is irradiated with respect to the perpendicular line, so the laser is applied to the tree. be able to. Further, FIG. 4B shows a state in which the attenuating portion 32 is not arranged at the tip portion 31B and the laser is irradiated without passing through the attenuating filter. In this embodiment, the attenuating portion 32 is rotatable at the tip portion 31B and is attachable/detachable to/from the irradiation port as needed.

The laser unit 30 can swing in the left-right direction in the attached state via the swing mechanism 50. The swing mechanism 50 slides the swing plate 52 mounted on the surface 21 of the base portion 20 via a rotary shaft 51 perpendicular to the surface 21, a slide hole 53 provided in the swing plate 52, and a slide hole 53. A sliding pin 54 that is movable and fixed to the base portion 20 and a fixing member 55 that is provided at an end of the sliding pin 54 and that fixes the movement of the swing plate are provided. The laser unit 30 is attached to the oscillating plate 52, and oscillates in the left-right direction in the attached state as the oscillating plate 52 moves. In this embodiment, the swingable angle is about 20 degrees.

A level 27 for the main body is provided on the main body 2 of the apparatus so as to be visible from the surface 21. In this embodiment, the main body spirit level 27 is arranged above when mounted.

As shown in FIG. 5, the check plate 60 is plate-shaped, and includes an irradiation section 61 having a large dimension in the width direction and a handle section 62 having a dimension smaller in the width direction than the irradiation section 61. The front end 63 located on the irradiation part 61 is formed parallel to the width direction, and the rear end 64 located on the handle part 62 is formed to have an acute angle. A check mark 65 extending in the length direction is provided at the center of the check plate 60 in the width direction. As the check mark 65, it is preferable to use a reflective material or the like so that the laser can be recognized more easily.

As a usage example of the felling auxiliary device 1, a case of felling a tree using a chainsaw will be described with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 6, the belt 3 is wound around and fixed to the trunk of the tree 100 to be felled. At this time, the belt 3 is adjusted in length so that it is securely fixed to the tree 100. Next, the surroundings of the tree 100 are overlooked to determine the felling direction. As a felling direction, a place where the tree 100 to be felled does not collide with other trees or buildings when it falls down is selected. When the felling direction is determined, the check plate 60 is placed on the ground on the extension line of the felling direction. Specifically, the rear end 64 of the handle portion 62 of the check plate 60 is pierced into the ground, and the check mark 65 of the irradiation portion 61 is arranged so as to face the tree 100. Since the rear end 64 has an acute angle, it easily pierces the ground.

Next, the device main body 2 is attached to the felling direction side of the tree 100. That is, the belt 3 is pulled on the felling direction side to form a gap between the inside of the belt 3 and the trunk of the tree 100, and the engaging portion 24 of the device body 2 is hooked in the gap, and the device body is inserted via the belt 3. Attach 2 to the tree. At this time, the apparatus main body level 27 is used to arrange the apparatus main body as horizontally as possible.

When the device body 2 is attached to the tree 100, the laser unit 30 is swung up and down by the swivel mechanism 40 to confirm that the laser does not hit other trees, and to confirm the felling direction of the tree 100 to be felled. .. If the laser hits another tree or the like, it is unsuitable as the felling direction, so the installation location of the device body 2 is changed. The device body 2 can be easily removed by forming a gap between the belt 3 and the trunk of the tree 100 and pulling it up. Also, when reattaching, it is only necessary to make a gap between the belt 3 and the trunk and hook the engaging portion 24 of the apparatus body 2. Therefore, it is possible to easily change the mounting location of the device body 2.

After the felling direction is determined, the laser portion 30 is rotated to irradiate the check plate 60 piercing the ground to confirm the felling direction. When the laser is directly applied to the ground, the light may be difficult to see due to weather or irregular reflection of the ground, but the use of the check plate 60 makes it easier to recognize the laser. Further, since the check mark 65 is formed so as to extend in the length direction, it is possible to more surely understand the felling direction by confirming that the laser and the check mark 65 match. Further, since the line laser is used as the laser, the felling position of the tree can be confirmed with a line.

Further, the laser unit 30 is swung downward, and it is confirmed whether the emitted laser points in the vertical direction. A level 27 for the main body is provided on the apparatus main body 2, and the level is confirmed when the apparatus main body 2 is attached. However, since the surface of the tree has irregularities, it may not always be horizontal. If the device body 2 is not horizontal, the laser may not be pointing in the vertical direction, so it is necessary to confirm this. When the laser does not point in the vertical direction, the swing mechanism 50 swings the laser unit 30 in the left-right direction and finely adjusts the laser to point in the vertical direction. By making such fine adjustment, the laser can be directed in the vertical direction even when the apparatus main body 2 is not horizontal.

After the laser is finely adjusted to point in the vertical direction, the laser unit 30 is swung upward again by the turning mechanism 40 as shown in FIG. 7, and the direction in which the tree 100 extends is confirmed. That is, since the laser extends in the vertical direction, by observing the inclination of the tree 100 with respect to this, it can be confirmed whether the tree 100 extends vertically or inclines. Further, how much the tree 100 is tilted with respect to the laser is visually checked for the tilt angle. This inclination angle is referred to when forming a faucet described later.

As shown in FIG. 8, the receiving portion 110 is formed with the laser portion 30 facing downward. The receptacle 110 is formed by using the chainsaw 70. As shown in FIG. 9, the chain saw 70 has a saw chain 72 attached to the edge of a guide bar 71. The guide bar 71 is an oval having a short diameter and a long diameter, and cuts a tree or the like by moving in the short diameter direction. A guide bar 71 of such a chain saw 70 is provided with a guideline 73 extending in the minor axis direction.

The laser unit 30 directed downward is swung so as to be located closer to the tree 100 side than the vertical direction. By turning the laser unit 30 in this manner, the laser line can illuminate the trunk of the tree 100 and the ground. The chain saw 70 is operated so that the laser line and the guideline 73 of the chain saw 70 are aligned with each other to form the lower cut 111 of the receiving port 110 in the tree 100. The lower cut 111 is preferably formed horizontally. According to this embodiment, since the laser line is almost vertical, the guide bar 71 can be made horizontal by manipulating the guide bar 71 of the chainsaw 70 so as to be orthogonal to this line. 111 can be horizontal. Since you can check the inclination of the laser line and the chainsaw 70 at your hand, you can cut and advance the laser line and the guideline 73 so that they match the guide line 73, so that you can keep the chainsaw 70 horizontal and move it down along the laser line. The cut 111 can be formed. Further, since the laser line and the guideline 73 can be matched and cut and advanced, the end line of the cut forming the association line 113 can also be formed perpendicularly to the laser line.

When the laser is applied to the chainsaw 70 with the laser section 30 directed downward as described above, it is preferable that the light quantity be attenuated by the attenuating section 32 of the laser section 30. This is to reduce the damage to the worker when the laser hitting the guide bar 71 of the chainsaw 70 is reflected by the worker's eyes.

Referring also to FIG. 1, after the lower cutting 111, the diagonal cutting 112 is performed using the chainsaw 70. Also in the case of the oblique cutting 112, the laser line can be advanced so as to match the guideline 73. The lower cut 111 and the diagonal cut 112 form an association line 113. The association line 113 thus formed is formed perpendicular to the laser line, that is, perpendicular to the desired felling direction.

It can be confirmed using the check plate 60 that the association line 113 is formed perpendicular to the desired felling direction. That is, the tip 63 of the check plate 60 is pressed against the meeting line 113 and placed on the lower cut 111. At this time, the check mark 65 is arranged so as to hit the laser. If the linear laser line and the linear check mark 65 match, it can be confirmed that the association line 113 is perpendicular to the laser line, that is, it is formed perpendicular to the desired felling direction. Can be confirmed. The check plate 60 may be provided with a plate level. By placing this on the lower cut 111, it can be confirmed whether or not the lower cut 111 is formed horizontally. If the lower cutting 111 is misaligned, it can be remade using a chainsaw.

After the receiving port 110 is formed, the device main body 2 and the belt 3 are removed from the tree 100 to form the additional opening 120. At this time, the depth, angle, etc. are adjusted according to the inclination of the tree 100. Since it is confirmed by the laser how much the tree 100 is inclined with respect to the ground, it is possible to make an adjustment accordingly. By forming the spigot 120 in this manner, the tree 100 is felled in a desired direction.

According to the felling assisting device 1 as described above, since the laser unit 30 of the device body 2 can be swung in the vertical direction, the inclination of the tree can be seen, and since the laser can be swung in the horizontal direction, the laser is vertically Can be fine-tuned. Therefore, even if the tree is growing in a tilted manner, the line of the laser used as a reference when forming the receptacle can be made vertical, and can be easily felled in any direction. ..

The check plate 60 is used separately from the device body 2, but may be housed in the device body 2. Further, it can be made foldable between the irradiation section 61 and the handle section 62. Further, the check mark 65 of the check plate 60 and the guideline 73 of the chain saw 70 are linearly extended, but may be linear or intermittent.

The device body 2 may be further equipped with a battery. By installing a battery, it is possible to use the laser continuously for a long time.

1 Felling Auxiliary Device 2 Device Main Body 3 Belt 3A Inelastic Part 3B Elastic Part 20 Base Part 21 Front Surface 22 Backside 24 Engagement Part 25 Mounting Foot 30 Laser Part 32 Damping Part 40 Rotating Mechanism 41 Rotating Shaft 50 Swinging Mechanism 51 Rotating Shaft 60 check plate 65 check mark

Claims (5)

A device body equipped with a laser and a belt for attaching the device body to a tree,
The device body, a base portion having a front surface and a back surface, a laser portion attached to the base portion, a swivel mechanism having a rotation axis parallel to the surface, for swiveling the laser portion with respect to the surface, A swing mechanism having a rotation axis perpendicular to the surface and swinging the laser section with respect to the surface ;
The laser unit includes a laser generator that generates a laser, and a laser cover that has a base end and a tip that is a laser irradiation unit and that covers the laser generator.
The swivel mechanism swivels the laser part in the up-down direction in the mounted state with the base end part as the center,
The oscillating mechanism is attached via a rotary shaft perpendicular to the surface of the base part, and has an oscillating plate to which the laser part is fixed, a sliding hole provided in the oscillating plate, and A sliding pin that is slidable in the moving hole and fixed to the base portion; and a fixing member that is provided at an end portion of the sliding pin and that fixes the movement of the swing plate,
The felling assisting device is characterized in that the swing mechanism swings the laser section in the left-right direction in the mounted state and finely adjusts the laser so as to point in the vertical direction . The felling auxiliary device according to claim 1, wherein the back surface of the base portion is provided with elastically deformable mounting feet. The felling assist device according to claim 1, wherein the laser unit includes an attenuating unit that attenuates a light amount of the laser. The belt further comprises a belt wound around a trunk of a tree for fixing the device body to the tree, and the belt is at least partially elastically deformable,
The felling assist device according to claim 1, wherein an engaging portion that is engageable with the belt is provided on the back surface of the base portion. A check plate which is irradiated with the laser and is separable from the apparatus main body is further provided, and the check plate is provided with a check mark extending linearly intermittently or continuously. The felling assistance device described in 1.

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