JP6744667B2 - Nutrition diagnosis method for dogs and cats - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a nutritional diagnosis method for dogs and cats, and more particularly to a nutritional diagnosis method for dogs and cats which determines a body condition score (hereinafter referred to as “BCS”) to diagnose the nutritional state of a dog or cat.

Recently, dogs and cats are often treated as a member of the family, and the food situation for dogs and cats is also becoming rich.Therefore, obesity of dogs and cats has increased due to changes in eating habits and breeding environment. It's a problem. For example, owners who are keen on pets often want to properly manage their nutritional status so that they do not become obese, and to maintain and improve the health of their dogs and cats. .. In addition, various types of dog health management devices and pet body fat measurement tools have been developed as devices and instruments for managing the nutritional status of dogs and cats (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). ..

On the other hand, a BCS diagnosis method has been adopted as a method for making it possible to diagnose the nutritional state of a dog or a cat only by visual inspection and palpation without using a special device or instrument (for example, refer to Patent Document 3). The diagnosis method by BCS is the method approved by the American Animal Hospital Association and the Japan Animal Hospital Association for diagnosing the nutritional status of dogs and cats. Specifically, the lumbar region of dogs and cats can be visually observed. The nutritional status is determined from the condition of the neck and abdomen, and the chest side is palpated to determine the nutritional status of the dog or cat from the touch of the ribs, a diagnostic method commonly used in clinical practice. Is.

Then, the nutritional state is diagnosed by a five-step method or a nine-step method by combining the diagnostic results by visual inspection and palpation. For example, in the five-step method, when the BCS value is 5, "obesity", When 4 is "overweight", when 3 is "normal", when 2 is "underweight", when 1 is "thin", the nutritional status of the dog or cat is evaluated. Has become.

JP-A-2005-74 JP, 2008-149061, A JP, 2009-72157, A JP, 2016-10340, A

The method of diagnosing nutritional status by BCS has been certified by the American Animal Hospital Association and the Japan Animal Hospital Association, and is a simple method used in clinical sites of animal medical institutions around the world, but it is a visual method. It is difficult to objectively judge the BCS without variation, because the diagnosis by physical examination and palpation is mainly subjective. For example, it is difficult to make a visual diagnosis for dogs and cats with long hair, and a palpable diagnosis tends to cause a large error by the operator.

On the other hand, the inventors of the present application have developed a diagnostic aid for dogs and cats that enables diagnosis by palpation with good accuracy without variation (for example, see Patent Document 4). The diagnostic aid for dogs and cats of Patent Document 4 is formed by combining artificially made ribs with rubber, a foamed rubber sheet, artificial fur, and the like, and for example, a palpation state in five stages of BCS1 to BCS5. Is to be able to reproduce.

However, although the diagnostic aid for dogs and cats of Patent Document 4 is effective for the evaluation of BCS by palpation, it is the current situation that it cannot be followed up by visual evaluation. For this reason, it is desired to develop a new technology that enables the BCS to be determined easily and consistently without visual inspection or palpation, and to objectively and accurately diagnose the nutritional status of dogs and cats. It is rare.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention makes it possible to determine BCS easily and consistently without any visual inspection or palpation, and a nutritional diagnosis method for dogs and cats that can objectively and accurately diagnose the nutritional state of dogs and cats. The purpose is to provide.

The present invention is a method for diagnosing nutrition of a dog or cat by determining BCS and diagnosing the nutritional state of the dog or cat, wherein the body length of a plurality of dogs or cats and the body fat percentage of these dogs or cats is 20%. Correlation formula showing the relationship with the standard weight, which is the body weight, is calculated in advance, and when diagnosing the nutritional status of the dog or cat to be diagnosed, the body length and weight of the dog or cat to be diagnosed are measured, Corresponds to BCS of 5 steps or 9 steps, which is calculated from the measured body length by the previously calculated correlation formula to calculate the standard weight of the dog or cat to be diagnosed, and which is determined according to the deviation rate from the calculated standard weight. By providing a method for diagnosing nutrition of a dog or cat by determining whether the measured weight of the dog or cat to be diagnosed belongs to any of the ranges of body weight and determining the BCS of the dog or cat to be diagnosed, It has achieved its purpose.

Further, in the nutrition diagnosis method for dogs and cats of the present invention, it is preferable that the correlation equation is an equation of a linear regression line.

Further, in the dog/cat nutrition diagnosis method of the present invention, it is preferable that the correlation equation is an equation of a quadratic regression curve.

Furthermore, the dog and cat nutrition diagnosis method of the present invention, the body length of the dog or cat, the length from the sternal process to the ischial process, the length from the top of the scapula to the base of the tail, or the intestine from the top of the scapula. It is preferably measured as the length to the top of the bone.

Furthermore, in the nutritional diagnosis method for dogs and cats of the present invention, the range of body weight corresponding to the five stages of BCS is 80% or less of standard body weight, 81 to 90% of standard body weight, It is preferable that the weight range is in the range of 91 to 110% of the standard weight, the range of 111 to 120% of the standard weight, and the range of 121% or more of the standard weight in five stages.

Further, in the dog and cat nutrition diagnosis method of the present invention, it is preferable that the standard body weight is a standard body weight estimated from a body fat percentage measured by a heavy water dilution method.

According to the nutritional diagnosis method for dogs and cats of the present invention, it is possible to determine BCS easily and without variation by visual inspection or palpation, and objectively and accurately diagnose the nutritional status of dogs and cats. be able to.

It is explanatory drawing of the body length of the dog or the cat measured by the nutrition diagnosis method for dogs and cats concerning one preferable embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which illustrates the correlation of body length and standard weight when a body length of a dog or a cat is made into a length from a sternal process to a sciatic process by a linear regression line. It is a figure which illustrates a judgment table used when judging BCS of a dog or a cat by the nutrition diagnosis method for dogs and cats concerning one desirable embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which illustrates a judgment diagram used when judging BCS of a dog or a cat by the nutrition diagnosis method for dogs and cats concerning one desirable embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which illustrates the correlation of a body length and standard weight when a body length of a dog or a cat is made into a length from a sternum process to a sciatic process by a quadratic regression curve. It is a figure which illustrates the other determination table used when determining BCS of a dog or a cat by the nutrition diagnosis method for dogs and cats concerning one preferable embodiment of the present invention.

A nutrition diagnosis method for dogs and cats according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a method for diagnosing the nutritional status of dogs and cats, which is a BCS diagnosis method approved by the American Animal Hospital Association or the Japan Animal Hospital Association. , BCS can be easily and easily determined by a simple method, and the nutritional state of dogs and cats can be objectively and accurately diagnosed.

That is, the nutrition diagnosis method for dogs and cats according to the present embodiment is subjective according to the conventional method for diagnosing nutritional status of dogs and cats by BCS, since BCS is determined by visual inspection or palpation. Considering that there was a technical problem in that reliable judgment results could not be obtained unless, for example, a veterinarian or an expert was required to make an objective judgment based on the above objectives. It has been done. According to the nutrition diagnosis method for dogs and cats according to the present embodiment, a simple method of measuring the body length and the current weight of the dog or cat to be diagnosed, even if not a veterinarian or a specialist, such as a pet owner The objective determination result of BCS with little variation can be easily obtained, and the nutritional status of dogs and cats can be appropriately managed.

Here, the method for diagnosing the nutritional status of dogs and cats by BCS is a known diagnostic method that is generally used in clinical practice and has been certified by the American Animal Hospital Association and the Japan Animal Hospital Association. By doing so, the nutritional status of dogs and cats is diagnosed by the 5-step method and the 9-step method. Specifically, for example, in the diagnosis by the 5-step method, when the determined BCS value is 5, "obesity", when the BCS value is 4, "overweight", and the BCS value is 3. The nutritional status of dogs and cats can now be determined according to the evaluation standard such as "standard" in the case of "weight loss" when the BCS value is 2, and "thinness" when the BCS value is 1. There is.

In addition, the inventor of the present application has conducted various studies to improve reliability in determining BCS and diagnosing nutritional status of dogs or cats. As a result, for example, from the top of the scapula of dogs or cats. When the length L2 to the base of the tail (see FIG. 1) is the body length of a dog or cat, the body length of the dog or cat and the standard weight that is the body weight of the dog or cat when the body fat percentage is 20% It was found that there was a strong correlation between the two. The standard body weight, which is the body weight of a dog or cat when the body fat percentage is 20%, can be easily calculated and estimated from, for example, the body fat percentage measured by a known heavy water dilution method. The body weight for each BCS value can be calculated by the deviation rate from (see Table 1). The nutritional diagnosis method for dogs and cats of the present invention was made based on these findings, and only measuring the body length and current weight of the dog or cat to be diagnosed, by a simple method, a veterinarian or an expert. Not only this, the pet owner or the like can easily obtain an objective BCS determination result that is objective and has little variation and high accuracy.

Then, the nutrition diagnosis method for dogs and cats of the present embodiment is a diagnosis method for diagnosing the nutritional state of dogs or cats by determining BCS, and measuring the body lengths of a plurality of dogs or cats (see FIG. 1) and these. A correlation equation (see FIG. 2 and FIG. 5) showing the relationship with the standard body weight, which is the body weight when the body fat percentage of the dog or cat is 20%, is calculated in advance to determine the nutritional state of the dog or cat to be diagnosed. At the time of diagnosis, the body length and the current weight of the dog or cat to be diagnosed are measured, and the standard weight of the dog or cat to be diagnosed is calculated from the measured body length by a correlation formula calculated in advance. Dogs to be diagnosed, which are measured according to the range of body weight corresponding to BCS of 5 grades or 9 grades (see FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG. 6) determined according to the deviation rate from the calculated standard weight. Alternatively, it is confirmed whether or not the current weight of the cat belongs, and the BCS of the dog or cat to be diagnosed is determined.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the body length of the dog or cat is preferably a length L1 from the sternal process to the ischial process, a length L2 from the top of the scapula to the base of the tail, or It can be measured as the length L3 from the top of the scapula to the top of the iliac bone.

In the dog and cat nutrition diagnosis method of the present embodiment, prior to determining the BCS of the dog or cat to be diagnosed, as shown in FIG. For example, an equation of a linear regression line is calculated in advance as a correlation expression using the standard weight, which is the weight when the body fat percentage is 20%, as a variable. In this embodiment, for example, for each of 39 randomly selected dogs, the length L1 from the sternal process to the ischial process is measured as the body length of the dog, and the body fat percentage is preferably measured by the heavy water dilution method. From the measured body fat percentage, the standard body weight, which is the body weight when the body fat percentage is 20%, is calculated and estimated. Also, the body length and standard weight of each of the dogs obtained were plotted on a chart in which the vertical axis represents the body weight and the horizontal axis represents the body length, and the correlation coefficient showing the strength of correlation between the body length and the standard body weight, and the correlation. And the equation (equation of linear regression line). In this embodiment, the correlation coefficient is r=0.863, and a strong correlation is recognized between the body length 0 and the standard weight, and the correlation equation is y=0.4205x−9.93. The equation of the linear regression line was obtained.

Further, in the present embodiment, the body length of the dog or cat is set to a length L2 from the top of the scapula to the base of the tail, or a length L3 from the top of the scapula to the top of the iliac bone, and It is also possible to calculate in advance a correlation equation having the body length and the standard weight as variables. When the body length of the dog is L2, the correlation coefficient with the standard weight is r=0.838, and when the body length of the dog is L3, the correlation coefficient with the standard body weight is r=0. In each case, a strong correlation was found between the body length and the standard weight. As the body length of a dog or cat, even if the length of any of the above-mentioned parts was measured, the correlation coefficient between the body length and the standard weight was high, and a strong correlation was observed, but the strength of the correlation coefficient is: It became L1>L2>L3. Therefore, it is preferable to set the length L1 from the sternum process to the ischial process as the body length measurement site.

In the present embodiment, as described above, since the weight for each BCS value can be calculated based on the deviation rate from the standard weight, as shown in FIG. 3, the measured body length of the dog, for example, from the sternum. A comparison table for easily determining the BCS of the dog to be diagnosed can be created in advance from the length L1 to the ischial process and the measured current weight of the dog. That is, for example, in order to diagnose the nutritional status of dogs and cats by the 5-step method, the range of the weight corresponding to each BCS is, as shown in Table 1, 80% or less of the standard weight in the case of "thinness" of BCS1. In the case of "underweight" of BCS2, the range of body weight of 81-90% of the standard weight can be set, and in the case of "standard" of BCS3, The range of the weight of the standard weight is 91 to 110%, and the range of the weight of the BCS4 “overweight” is the range of the weight of 111 to 120% of the standard weight. In the case of “obesity”, the weight range can be 121% or more of the standard weight.

Further, since the standard body weight for the length L1 from the sternum process to the ischial process, which is the body length of the dog, can be easily calculated from the correlation equation with the body length and the standard body weight as variables, for example, the body length of the dog is in the range of 25 to 60 cm. In, the standard weight corresponding to each 1cm body length is calculated, respectively, and the BCS value corresponding to each 1cm body length is calculated by the deviation ratio from each calculated standard body weight corresponding to each 1cm body length. By calculating the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the body weight, the determination table for determining the BCS of the dog to be diagnosed shown in FIG. 3 can be created in advance.

In addition, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the length of the dog that is measured, for example, the length L1 from the sterno-projection to the ischial process, and the weight of the dog that is measured, the It is also possible to create in advance a contrast chart for easily determining the BCS. That is, as described above, since there is a strong correlation between the body length and the standard weight of the dog, the chart in which the vertical axis is the weight and the horizontal axis is the body length, the body length and the standard weight are variables. The relationship line (see the dotted line) can be drawn in a straight line. Further, since the weight for each BCS value can be calculated by the deviation rate from the standard weight, a line indicating the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the weight at each BCS value can also be drawn linearly as a boundary line. With these, the determination diagram for determining the BCS of the dog to be diagnosed shown in FIG. 4 can be created in advance.

Then, in the present embodiment, when diagnosing the nutritional state of the diagnosis target dog, the body length and the current weight of the diagnosis target dog are measured, and the BCS is determined from the measured body length and the current weight. That is, in the present embodiment, from the measured body length of the dog, based on a correlation equation that is an equation of a linear regression line having the previously calculated body length and standard weight as variables, the standard weight of the dog to be diagnosed is calculated. To do. Further, according to the deviation rate from the calculated standard body weight, for example, the range of the body weight corresponding to the value of BCS in 5 steps can also be easily calculated. By checking whether or not the measured current weight of the dog to be diagnosed belongs to the crab, it is possible to easily determine the BCS of the dog to be diagnosed.

With these, according to the dog and cat nutrition diagnosis method of the present embodiment, BCS can be objectively measured without variation by a simple method of measuring the length and current weight of the dog to be diagnosed, without visual or palpation. It becomes possible to make a determination, and it becomes possible to accurately and easily diagnose the nutritional status of dogs and cats from the determined BCS.

Further, in the present embodiment, as described above, the determination table shown in FIG. 3 and the determination diagram shown in FIG. 4 for determining the BCS of the dog or cat to be diagnosed are created in advance, The dog or cat is preferably measured without the trouble of calculating the standard weight each time from the measured length of the dog or cat to be diagnosed or calculating the range of the weight corresponding to each BCS. It is possible to easily determine the BCS of dogs and cats at a glance by checking the measured current weight against the range of the weight of each BCS in the determination table or determination chart corresponding to the body length of become.

In the dog and cat nutrition diagnosis method of the present embodiment, prior to determining the BCS of the dog or cat to be diagnosed, as shown in FIG. A quadratic regression equation, preferably a quadratic regression curve, can be preliminarily calculated as a correlation equation using the standard weight, which is the body weight when the body fat percentage is 20%, as a variable. By calculating the equation of the quadratic regression curve in advance, for example, when a dog selected at random includes a large dog with a body length (length from the sternal process to the ischial process) of 60 cm or more, etc. (See FIG. 5) Even if the selected dog or cat has a large variation in body length, it is possible to obtain a highly accurate correlation equation.

In the correlation equation based on the equation of the quadratic regression curve shown in FIG. 5, for example, for each of 42 randomly selected dogs, the length L1 from the sternal process to the ischial process is measured as the body length of the dog, and preferably, The body fat percentage is measured by the heavy water dilution method, and the standard body weight, which is the body weight when the body fat percentage is 20%, is calculated and estimated from the measured body fat percentage. The 42 dogs selected included dogs with a body length of 60 cm or more. Also, the body length and standard weight of each of the dogs obtained were plotted on a chart in which the vertical axis represents the body weight and the horizontal axis represents the body length, and the correlation coefficient showing the strength of correlation between the body length and the standard body weight, and the correlation. And the equation (equation of the quadratic regression curve). The correlation coefficient indicating the strength of correlation between the body length and the standard weight and the correlation equation can be obtained by, for example, the Pearson's correlation coefficient test using SPSS statistics 24.0 (manufactured by IBM). it can. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the correlation coefficient is r=0.945, and a strong correlation is recognized between the body length and the standard weight, and y=0.09x ² −0. A quadratic regression curve equation such as 359x+5.162 was obtained. Significance was P<0.01.

Further, the correlation equation based on the equation of the quadratic regression curve is such that the body length of the dog or cat is the length L2 from the top of the scapula to the base of the tail, or the length L3 from the top of the scapula to the top of the iliac bone. Alternatively, it can be calculated in advance. In this embodiment, when the body length of the dog is L2, the correlation coefficient with the standard weight is r=0.932, and when the body length of the dog is L3, the correlation coefficient with the standard body weight. Was r=0.910, and in any case, a strong correlation was observed between the body length and the standard weight. Significance was P<0.01 in all cases. As in the case of the linear regression line, it is preferable to set the length L1 from the sternal process to the ischial process as the measurement site of the body length when calculating the correlation formula by the equation of the quadratic regression curve.

In the present embodiment, based on the correlation equation based on the equation of the quadratic regression curve, as shown in FIG. 6, as in the case of the linear regression line, the measured body length of the dog, for example, from the sternum process to the ischial process. A comparison table can be prepared in advance so that the BCS of the dog to be diagnosed can be easily determined from the length L1 of the dog and the current weight of the dog to be measured. For example, in order to diagnose the nutritional status of dogs and cats by the 5-step method, the range of body weight corresponding to each BCS can be set as shown in Table 1.

The determination table for determining the BCS of the dog to be diagnosed shown in FIG. 6 is, for example, a standard body weight corresponding to each 1 cm of the body length in the range of the dog body length of 25 to 60 cm, and the calculated 1 cm. It can be created in advance by calculating the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the weight of each BCS value corresponding to the body length of 1 cm according to the deviation rate from each standard weight corresponding to each body length. ..

Further, similar to the case of the linear regression line, based on the correlation equation based on the equation of the quadratic regression curve, the body length of the dog or cat, for example, the length L1 from the sternal process to the ischial process, and the measured dog or cat. It is also possible to prepare in advance a comparison chart for making it possible to easily determine the BCS of the dog or cat to be diagnosed from the body weight of.

Even when calculating the equation of the quadratic regression curve as a correlation equation, as in the case of the linear regression line, without the need for visual inspection or palpation, a simple method of measuring the length and actual weight of the dog to be diagnosed, It is possible to objectively determine BCS without variation, and it is possible to accurately and easily diagnose the nutritional status of dogs and cats from the determined BCS.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made. For example, the nutrition diagnosis method for dogs and cats of the present invention can be adopted not only in the diagnosis method by BCS of 5 steps method but also in the diagnosis method by BCS of 9 steps method. That is, the weight range of each of the 9 levels of BCS is calculated in accordance with the value of each BCS of the 9 levels method, and the dog to be diagnosed is measured in any of the calculated 9 levels of weight range. It is also possible to judge the BCS in 9 stages by confirming whether or not the current weight of BCS belongs. Further, the subject to be diagnosed by the nutritional diagnosis method for dogs and cats of the present invention may be a cat. Further, the nutrition diagnosis method for dogs and cats of the present invention does not necessarily need to create and use the above-mentioned determination table or determination chart in advance, and each time the standard weight is calculated or the weight range corresponding to each BCS is calculated. Can be calculated and implemented. Furthermore, it is also possible to make it possible to determine the BCS from the measured body length or current weight of the dog or cat to be diagnosed, for example, by a program, a determination table, or a determination chart incorporated in a personal computer. It is also possible to connect the electronic medical chart to a personal computer incorporating a judgment table or a judgment chart so that the BCS can be judged on the electronic medical chart.

L1 Length from sternal process to ischial process (body length: L1)
L2 Length from the top of the scapula to the base of the tail (body length: L2)
L3 Length from the top of scapula to the top of iliac bone (body length: L3)

Claims (6)

A method for diagnosing nutrition of a dog or cat for determining the nutritional state of a dog or cat by determining a body condition score,
A correlation formula showing the relationship between the body length of a plurality of dogs or cats and the standard weight which is the body weight of these dogs or cats when the body fat percentage is 20% is calculated in advance,
When diagnosing the nutritional status of the dog or cat to be diagnosed, the body length and weight of the dog or cat to be diagnosed are measured, and from the measured length, the standard weight of the dog or cat to be diagnosed by the previously calculated correlation equation. And the weight of the dog or cat to be diagnosed measured in any of the range of body weights corresponding to the body condition score of 5 or 9 determined according to the deviation rate from the calculated standard body weight. A dog/cat nutrition diagnosis method for determining the body condition score of a dog or cat to be diagnosed by checking whether the dog or cat belongs to the diagnosis subject. The nutrition diagnosis method for dogs and cats according to claim 1, wherein the correlation equation is an equation of a linear regression line. The nutrition diagnosis method for dogs and cats according to claim 1, wherein the correlation equation is an equation of a quadratic regression curve. The body length of a dog or cat is measured as the length from the sternal process to the ischial process, the length from the top of the scapula to the base of the tail, or the length from the top of the scapula to the top of the ilium. The nutrition diagnosis method for dogs and cats according to any one of 1 to 3. The range of body weight corresponding to the body condition score of the five stages is 80% or less of standard body weight, 81 to 90% of standard body weight, and 91 to 110% of standard body weight. The method for nutrition diagnosis for dogs and cats according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the range is 5 to 11 levels of the standard weight, and the range is 121% or more of the standard weight. The nutrition standard for dogs and cats according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the standard body weight is a standard body weight estimated from a body fat percentage measured by a heavy water dilution method.