JP6773480B2 - Lubricant for warm or hot forging - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to lubricants for plastic working of metals in warm or hot regions.

Conventionally, in the plastic working of metal, the wear between the metal material as the work (material to be molded) and the mold or tool is reduced, the plastic deformation of the metal material is performed more smoothly, and the metal material, the mold, etc. Warm or hot forging lubricants are used for the purpose of cooling and protecting the metal material or facilitating the removal of the metal material from the die or the like.

So far, graphite-containing lubricants have been used as warm or hot forging lubricants. Graphite-based lubricants have excellent lubricity and mold release properties, but on the other hand, there are problems in the working environment such as graphite powder scattering when applied to the mold surface and adhesion to machines. ..

In order to solve such a problem, a graphite-free warm or hot forging lubricant is required. Lubricants that meet this demand include carboxylic acid-based hot or hot forging lubricants.

However, although the carboxylic acid-based lubricant improves the working environment as compared with the graphite-based lubricant, it lacks lubricity when the processing conditions are severe, such as when the processing temperature is high, resulting in molding defects and seizure. There is a problem such as occurrence of. Further, when an adhesiveness improver is used to supplement the lubricity, the viscosity of the lubricant increases and the cooling property decreases. For example, when machining a large workpiece or machining with a short cycle time, the mold temperature rises. This causes a problem that the life of the mold is shortened.

Patent Document 1 discloses a lubricant in which trimellitic acid and adipic acid are used in combination, or a lubricant in which trimellitic acid and phthalic acids are used in combination, as a lubricant having a cooling property comparable to that of water. Although it has good properties and cooling properties, it is inferior in adhesiveness and has problems such as lack of meat due to insufficient adhesion.

Further, Patent Document 2 also describes a lubricant containing at least one selected from a low molecular weight carboxylate and a water-soluble polymer such as an isobutylene / maleic acid copolymer salt, and a polyhydric alcohol having 4 or more carbon atoms. Although it has lubricity and cooling property, it is inferior in adhesiveness, and when a water-soluble polymer is used, deposits are likely to be formed on the molding surface of the mold, which is also a problem in terms of non-depositability. There is.

In this way, the carboxylic acid-based lubricant improves the lubricity and cooling performance, but also has the adhesiveness to attach the lubricating component to the work and the mold, and does not deposit the lubricant on the molding surface of the mold. It must also be designed to be sedimentable.

Here, the adhesiveness, the non-depositing property, and the cooling property are opposite performances, and for example, a lubricant having a large amount of adhesion tends to have a poor cooling property. At present, it is not possible to replace the graphite-based lubricant with a carboxylic acid-based lubricant because the adhesiveness and the cooling property cannot be sufficiently compatible with each other.

On the other hand, among carboxylic acid-based lubricants, lubricants using cellulosic biomass raw materials have been demanded in recent years. It is known that by using a cellulosic biomass raw material, in addition to the environmental compatibility of the lubricant, the residual coal ratio and the ash content are small, and improvement in non-depositability can be expected. However, in the case of a conventional lubricant using a cellulose derivative such as carboxymethyl cellulose, the film formed when applied to the work is thin and may not be processed. Further, when a large amount of carboxymethyl cellulose is used, the viscosity of the undiluted solution becomes high and the cooling property becomes insufficient, and although it is not as high as that of the synthetic polymer, a large amount of thermal decomposition residue is generated, which may cause mechanical stains. Therefore, it has been difficult to develop a lubricant having both non-sedimentary property, adhesive property, and cooling property by using a cellulose derivative. Therefore, most of the carboxylic acid-based lubricants reported so far are those using synthetic polymers, and few are using cellulose derivatives.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-157860 JP-A-2010-84076

An object of the present invention is to provide a carboxylic acid-based lubricant for warm / hot plastic working, which has excellent non-depositivity and has both adhesiveness and cooling property, and a method for producing the same. ..

As a result of intensive research to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present inventors have combined and blended two or more kinds of adhesiveness improvers having a decomposition residue of less than 50% when heated to 500 ° C. By adjusting the amount, it was found that high cooling property equivalent to that of water and excellent non-sedimentation property can be exhibited while ensuring a sufficient amount of adhesion, and the present invention has been completed.

The present invention comprises the following matters.
The warm or hot forging lubricant of the present invention comprises the group consisting of (a) alkali metal salt of low molecular weight carboxylic acid, alkaline earth metal salt of low molecular weight carboxylic acid, and ammonium salt of low molecular weight carboxylic acid. In (b) thermal weight measurement (TG) in an air atmosphere with a temperature rise rate of 20 ° C./min and a flow rate of 300 ml / min, the decomposition residue when heated to 500 ° C. is less than 50% with at least one selected lubricating component. It contains two or more kinds of adhesiveness improvers and (c) water, and the adhesiveness improver is (b) hydroxyethyl cellulose, imidized isobutylene anhydride copolymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone or polyvinyl alcohol. And (b') carboxymethyl cellulose ammonium or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose .

Of the total of 100 parts by weight of the components (a) to (c), the content of the component (a) is 12 to 35 parts by weight, and the content of the component (b) is 0.1 to 6 parts by weight. The content of the component (b') is preferably 0.1 to 3 parts by weight, and the content of the component (c) is preferably 56.0 to 87.8 parts by weight.

The viscosity at 25 ° C. is preferably 500 mPa · s or more.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a warm or hot forging lubricant having both high adhesiveness, high cooling property and high non-sedimentation property. Specifically, according to the present invention, the lubricant obtained by using two kinds of a bond improver for a cellulose derivative having a carboxyl group and hydroxyethyl cellulose or the like in combination is a low molecular weight carboxylate type lubricant. The amount of adhesion of the lubricating component can be significantly improved. Further, by using a polymer that is easily thermally decomposed as the adhesiveness improving agent, the thermal decomposition residue can be reduced and excellent non-depositability can be exhibited. Further, although the amount of adhesion is significantly improved, high cooling property equivalent to that of water can be exhibited.

The hot or hot forging lubricant of the present invention can be suitably used for various plastic workings such as forging, extrusion, pressing, and wire drawing.

FIG. 1 shows a case where carboxymethyl cellulose ammonium (CMC-NH4) was added as a component (b') to a component (a) (Examples 1 to 10) and a case where an isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer salt was added. It is a graph which shows the adhesion amount of the lubricant of (Comparative Examples 1-8). FIG. 2 shows the examples, when the component (b) is not used (Comparative Examples 9 and 12), when the component (b') is not used (Comparative Example 10), and when the components (a) to (c) are used. It is a graph which shows the comparison result of the adhesion amount of the lubricant when HF5582 is used instead (Comparative Example 11). FIG. 3 is a graph showing the difference in the amount of the lubricant adhered due to the difference in the molecular weight of the component (b) in Examples 1 and 13 to 15. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the result of the quantitative effect of the component (b') on the amount of the lubricant adhered. FIG. 5 shows imidized isobutylene maleic anhydride copolymer (imidized isoban), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), isoban-06 (isobutylene / maleic anhydride copolymer sodium), sodium polyacrylate. , Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC-Na) and hydroxyethyl cellulose are shown by thermal weight measurement (TG).

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The warm or hot forging lubricant of the present invention (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “lubricant”) includes (a) an alkali metal salt of a low molecular weight carboxylic acid, an alkaline earth metal salt of a low molecular weight carboxylic acid, and At least one lubricating component selected from the group consisting of ammonium salts of low molecular weight carboxylic acids, and (b) two or more kinds of adhesion improvers having a decomposition residue of less than 50% when heated to 500 ° C. c) Contains water.

First, the component (a) is at least one lubricating component selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal salt of a low molecular weight carboxylic acid, an alkaline earth metal salt of a low molecular weight carboxylic acid, and an ammonium salt of a low molecular weight carboxylic acid. ..

Such a low molecular weight carboxylate has a function of forming a film having a high melting point and hindering contact between the work and the mold. If the contact between the work and the mold is hindered, the releasability is improved.

Low molecular weight carboxylic acids include, for example, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids such as caproic acid, capric acid and lauric acid; succinic acid, citric acid, malic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, het Acids, dodecadic acid, citraenoic acid, mesaconic acid, glutaconic acid, itaconic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, tricarbaryl acid, aconitic acid, camphoronic acid, tetrachloromalene anhydride, and 1,10-decamethylenedicarboxylic acid And other aliphatic polycarboxylic acids; aromatic monocarboxylic acids such as benzoic acid and salicylic acid; phthalic anhydride, isophthalic acid, trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic acid, benzenepentacarboxylic acid, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride , Aromatic polycarboxylic acids such as pyromellitic anhydride and terephthalic acid, and the like.

The alkali metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt of the low molecular weight carboxylic acid includes alkali metal salts such as the lithium salt, sodium salt and potassium salt of the low molecular weight carboxylic acid described above; the calcium salt and barium salt of the low molecular weight carboxylic acid described above. And alkaline earth metal salts such as strontium salts.

In the present invention, the alkali metal salt, alkaline earth metal salt or ammonium salt of a low molecular weight carboxylic acid is an acidic aqueous solution containing a low molecular weight carboxylic acid and a basic aqueous solution containing an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or ammonia. It does not have to be a salt produced by completely neutralizing and, as long as at least a part of the carboxyl groups in the low molecular weight carboxylic acid forms an alkali metal salt, an alkaline earth metal salt or an ammonium salt. ..

Among the above-mentioned alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts or ammonium salts of low molecular weight carboxylic acids, sodium salts and potassium salts such as isophthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, adipic acid, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride and salicylic acid , Calcium salt and ammonium salt are preferred, and sodium and potassium salts of isophthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, adipic acid, and tetrahydrophthalic anhydride are more preferred.

The above-mentioned component (a) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Of the total 100 parts by weight of the components (a) to (c), the content of the component (a) is preferably 12 to 35 parts by weight, more preferably 15 to 25 parts by weight. When the content of the component (a) is within the above range, the lubricant can exhibit sufficient lubricity. If the content of the component (a) is less than 12 parts by weight, the lubricating effect may not be sufficiently exhibited. On the other hand, if the content of the component (a) exceeds 35 parts by weight, the viscosity of the lubricant may increase, causing a trouble of clogging the spray nozzle or making it difficult to form a uniform lubricant film.

The component (b) is two kinds of adhesiveness improvers in which the decomposition residue when heated to 500 ° C. is less than 50%. Normally, the mold temperature immediately after processing is around 500 ° C. Since conventional lubricants use polymers with a large amount of pyrolysis residue, the polymer components remaining in the mold solidify, causing meat loss. However, when the lubricant of the present invention is heated to 500 ° C., it decomposes and the amount of residue is considerably reduced, so that it can be said that the lubricating component remaining in the mold is less likely to cause meat loss.

Here, the generated lubricant film acts as a lubricant while burning by coming into contact with the work that has become hot, and finally produces a residue, and the residue is present at the processing interface, so that the work gold The mold can be easily released from the mold. On the other hand, for example, when sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) is used, since there is a large amount of residue after heating, it greatly contributes to the improvement of adhesion, but if the amount of residue is large, the cooling property is lowered and the machine It causes dirt. By adjusting the addition amount of such a compound to an appropriate amount and complementarily adding a component having a small amount of residue after heating, a lubricant that does not reduce cooling property and non-sedimentation property while maintaining adhesiveness is provided. can do.

In addition, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) has a smaller amount of thermal decomposition residue than the conventional adhesive improver isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer-alkali metal salt or polyacrylic acid alkali metal salt. If the blending amount is increased to increase the adhesion amount, hard vitreous deposits may be formed on the work or mold.

As for the component (b), it is preferable that the decomposition residue when heated to 500 ° C. is less than 50%, and the residue is almost eliminated at about 600 ° C. Specific examples of the component (b) include hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyalkylene glycol (PAG), imidized isobutylene anhydride maleic acid copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Examples thereof include sodium salts such as carboxyethyl cellulose, carboxypropyl cellulose, carboxyhexyl cellulose and cellulose acetate, potassium salts, calcium salts and ammonium salts.

Of the component (b), hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyalkylene glycol (PAG), imidized isobutylene maleic anhydride copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are preferable.

One of the components (b) is selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal salt of a cellulose derivative having a carboxyl group, an alkaline earth metal salt of a cellulose derivative having a carboxyl group, and an ammonium salt of a cellulose derivative having a carboxyl group. It is preferably at least one kind of water-soluble polymer (that is, component (b')). These water-soluble polymers are cellulosic materials called biomass raw materials, and are also preferable because they are environmentally friendly materials.

When the lubricant comes into contact with the high-temperature workpiece, the water in the lubricant evaporates, the lubricant is concentrated, and the viscosity increases. As the viscosity increases, the lubricant easily adheres to the machined surface of the workpiece. The component (b') contributes to the improvement of adhesiveness, and plays a role of adhering the lubricant to the mold surface and forming a strong lubricant film.

Specific examples of the component (b') include sodium salts such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), carboxyethyl cellulose, carboxypropyl cellulose, carboxyhexyl cellulose and cellulose acetate, potassium salts, calcium salts and ammonium salts. Of these, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), ammonium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH4), ammonium carboxyethyl cellulose, and potassium carboxyhexyl cellulose are preferred, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) and ammonium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH4). ) Is more preferable, and carboxymethyl cellulose ammonium (CMC-NH4) is particularly preferable.

When a synthetic polymer such as a conventional isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer-Na salt is used as the component (b') instead of the above-mentioned salt of a cellulose derivative having a carboxyl group, lubricity and release are used. It has excellent moldability, but if the blending amount is increased in order to increase the adhesion amount, hard vitreous deposits may be formed on the work or mold.

In the present invention, one of hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyalkylene glycol (PAG), imidized isobutylene anhydride maleic acid copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and carboxyethyl cellulose , Carboxypropyl cellulose, carboxyhexyl cellulose, cellulose acetate and the like, sodium salts, potassium salts, calcium salts, ammonium salts and the like are preferably used in combination. Further, one of hydroxyethyl cellulose, imidized isobutylene anhydride maleic acid copolymer, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and sodium salts such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), carboxyethyl cellulose, carboxypropyl cellulose, carboxyhexyl cellulose, and cellulose acetate. , Potassium salt, calcium salt, ammonium salt and the like in combination are more preferable in terms of excellent adhesion amount and non-depositability.

The content of the component (b) is preferably 0.1 to 6 parts by weight in a total of 100 parts by weight of the components (a) to (c). When the content of the component (b) is within the above range, the amount of the component (b') added can be adjusted to an appropriate amount, and a lubricant that does not lower the cooling property while maintaining the adhesiveness can be obtained. Can be provided.

In addition, the content of the component (b') is preferably 0.1 to 3 parts by weight in the total of 100 parts by weight of the components (a) to (c). When the content of the component (b') is within the above range, the warm or hot forging lubricant has a composition that has both adhesiveness, cooling property and non-sedimentation property, which is preferable. If the content of the component (b') is less than 0.1 parts by weight, the effect of adhering to the mold may not be sufficiently exhibited. On the other hand, if the content of the component (b') exceeds 3 parts by weight, the lubricant loses its fluidity and a uniform lubricating film may not be formed.

As the component (c), industrial water, tap water, distilled water, ion-exchanged water, pure water and the like can be used. Of the total of 100 parts by weight of the components (a) to (c), the content of the component (c) is preferably 56 to 87.8 parts by weight.

In addition to the above-mentioned components (a) to (c), the warm or hot forging lubricant of the present invention improves lubricity, mold releasability, defoaming property, anti-corrosion property, and rust preventive property. For the purpose, for example, solid lubricants, extreme pressure agents, defoamers, preservatives, and metal rust preventives can be added, and ethylene glycol and propylene glycol can be added for the purpose of suppressing the generation of splinters during production. And polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin can be added. The amount to be added is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired, but is approximately 0.1 to 30 parts by weight out of a total of 100 parts by weight of the components (a) to (c).

The viscosity of the hot or hot forging lubricant of the present invention at 25 ° C. is preferably 500 mPa · s or more, and more preferably 500 to 5000 mPa · s. By having the above-mentioned viscosity, it is possible to provide the performance required as a lubricant. If the viscosity is less than 500 mPa · s, uniform adhesion may be difficult, and if it exceeds 5000 mPa · s, spray coating may be difficult.

When the lubricant for hot or hot forging of the present invention is applied to a high temperature (about 600 to 1250 ° C), for example, a steel die by coating, the water in the lubricant evaporates and the die A film is formed on the surface. The lubricant film formed in this way has excellent lubricity and adhesiveness, and can effectively reduce friction and wear between the work and the mold. Further, since the lubricant for hot or hot forging of the present invention is also excellent in non-depositing property, it is easy to release the processed product from the mold after applying the lubricant and processing. Further, since the mold can be cooled by applying the above lubricant to the mold, it is possible to prevent wear and damage due to high temperature softening of the mold and improve the life of the mold.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

The types and conditions of the test of the hot or hot forging lubricant of the present invention are shown below.

付着性試験において、付着量が、ＨＦ５５８２（潤滑剤；ユシロ化学工業（株）製）の付着量である５１ｇ以上である場合を〇、ＨＦ５５８２の付着量である５１ｇを下回る場合を×として評価した。 (1) Adhesiveness test Using an adhesiveness tester, the adhesiveness test of a warm or hot forging lubricant diluted 5 times with water was performed under the test conditions as shown below.

In the adhesion test, the case where the adhesion amount was 51 g or more, which is the adhesion amount of HF5582 (lubricant; manufactured by Yushiro Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), was evaluated as ◯, and the case where it was less than 51 g, which is the adhesion amount of HF5582, was evaluated as x. ..

水の鋼板降下温度１２０℃を５％以上下回る場合を×とした。
なお、冷却性の評価は、付着量が同等になるように潤滑剤を３〜１３倍の希釈倍率で希釈して行った。 (2) Coolability test Using a cooling property tester, apply 40 ml of lubricant to a steel sheet heated to 500 ° C., measure the temperature of the steel sheet after the temperature drops, and measure the temperature of the steel sheet after the temperature drops, as shown in the following formula. The temperature drop was measured.
Steel plate drop temperature = 500 ° C-Minimum steel plate temperature The test conditions are shown below.

The case where the temperature of the steel plate of water dropped below 120 ° C. by 5% or more was marked with x.
The cooling property was evaluated by diluting the lubricant at a dilution ratio of 3 to 13 times so that the amount of adhesion was the same.

(3) Non-sedimentability test Lubricant was applied to the steel sheet, and the hardness of the film adhering to the steel sheet was measured after 15 minutes.
The measurement method is shown below.
Check that the steel plate is horizontal with the spirit level attached to the device.
According to the old JIS K5400 pencil scratch test, the hardness of the film is measured using a 6B-8H pencil (Mitsubishi Pencil Uni). After the measured steel sheet is heated for 10 minutes with a heater heated to 500 ° C., the hardness is measured again. At this time,
・ If there is no difference in hardness between before and after heating, or if the hardness increases after heating,
-When the hardness before heating is higher than that of the existing product (HF5582) using Isoban-06, ◯ is given when one of them is satisfied, and x is given when both are satisfied.

[Example 1]
25% by mass of isophthalate, 1% by mass of ammonium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH4) (1% viscosity 700 to 1000 mPa.s; manufactured by Daicel Fine Chem Ltd.), and 1% by mass of hydroxyethyl cellulose (manufactured by Sansho Co., Ltd.) , And other optional components were blended so that the total amount of water was 100% by mass to prepare a lubricant for warm or hot forging.
The adhesion amount was 90.2 g / m ² , and the result of the non-sedimentation test was 〇.

[Examples 2 to 10]
A lubricant for warm or hot forging was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the component (a) was changed to the type and blending amount shown in Table 1 in Example 1.
The adhesion amount was 25.8 to 83.4 g / m ² , and it was found that Examples 3 and 10 in which the blending amount of the component (a) was small tended to have a small adhesion amount.
The results of Examples 1 to 10 are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
The results of the non-sedimentation test were all 0.

[Comparative Examples 1 to 8]
Example 1 except that the component (a) was changed to the type or blending amount shown in Table 2 and isobutyl06 (isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer salt; Kuraray Co., Ltd.) was used in Example 1. A lubricant composition was prepared in the same manner as in the above.
The results of Comparative Examples 1 to 8 are shown in Table 2 and FIG.
The amount of adhesion was 41.7 to 67.6 g / m ² , but the non-sedimentability test results were all x, and it was found that the non-sedimentability was inferior to that of Examples 1 to 10.

[Example 11]
A lubricant for warm or hot forging was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the component (b') was changed to the type shown in Table 3 in Example 1.
The results are shown in Table 3 and FIG.

[Example 12]
Lubricants in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the component (b') was changed to the type and blending amount shown in Table 3 and the component (b) was changed to the blending amount shown in Table 3 in Example 1. The composition was prepared.
The results are shown in Table 3 and FIG.
It was found that when the component (b') was 5 parts by weight, the non-sedimentability tended to decrease.

[Comparative Example 9]
In Example 1, a lubricant composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the component (b') was changed to the blending amount shown in Table 3 and the component (b) was not used.
The results are shown in Table 3 and FIG.

[Comparative Example 10]
A lubricant composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the component (b') was not used and the component (b) was changed to the blending amount shown in Table 3.
The results are shown in Table 3 and FIG.
In Comparative Example 10, since the component (b') was not used, a sufficient amount of adhesion could not be obtained.

[Comparative Example 11]
HF5582 (lubricant; manufactured by Yushiro Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was used instead of the components (a) to (c).
The results are shown in Table 3 and FIG.
Both the amount of adhesion and the non-depositing property after processing tended to be inferior to those of Examples 1 and 11.

[Comparative Example 12]
In Example 1, a lubricant composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the component (b') was changed to the blending amount shown in Table 3 and the component (b) was not used.
The results are shown in Table 3 and FIG.

[Examples 13 to 15]
A lubricant for warm or hot forging was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the component (b') was changed to the type shown in Table 4 in Example 1.
The results of Examples 13 to 15 are shown in Table 4 and FIG.

[Examples 16 to 18]
A lubricant for warm or hot forging was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the component (b') was changed to the blending amount shown in Table 5 in Example 1.
The results of Examples 16-18 are shown in Table 5 and FIG.
As the blending amount of CMC-NH4 increased to 0.1 to 3% by mass, an improvement in the adhesion amount was observed. Therefore, it was suggested that the blending amount of CMC-NH4 is preferably 0.1 to 3% by mass.

[Examples 19 to 21]
A lubricant for warm or hot forging was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the component (b) was changed to the type and blending amount shown in Table 6 in Example 1.
The results of Examples 19 to 21 are shown in Table 6.

[Comparative Example 13]
In Example 1, a lubricant composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the component (b) was changed to the type and blending amount shown in Table 6.
The results of Comparative Example 13 are shown in Table 6.

[Comparative Example 14]
In Example 1, a lubricant composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the component (b') was changed to the amount shown in Table 6 and the component (b) was the material shown in Table 6. did.
The results of Comparative Example 14 are shown in Table 6.

From Table 6, when the imidized isobutylene maleic anhydride copolymer (Example 19), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) (Example 20) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (Example 21) were used, the lubricant was not deposited. It turned out to be excellent in sex. On the other hand, when the isobutylene / maleic anhydride copolymer salt (Comparative Example 13) and the polyacrylic acid salt (Comparative Example 14) were used, the lubricant composition was inferior in non-depositing property.

For reference, FIG. 5 shows an imidized isobutylene maleic anhydride copolymer (imidized isovan), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and isobutylene / maleic anhydride copolymer sodium (isovan-06). ), Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), sodium polyacrylate and hydroxyethyl cellulose are shown by thermal weight measurement (TG).
The measurement conditions for TG are as follows.
Device name used: TG-DTA (STA7200 manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Science Corporation)
<Measurement conditions>
Sample amount: 3.0 mg
Measurement temperature range: room temperature to 600 ° C
Temperature rise rate: 20 ° C / min
Atmosphere: Air
Flow rate: 300 ml / min

The decomposition residue of hydroxyethyl cellulose, imidized isobutylene maleic anhydride copolymer (imidized isoban), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) used in Examples 1 and 19 to 21 at 500 ° C. was less than 50%. On the other hand, the decomposition residue of isobutylene / maleic anhydride copolymer salt (Comparative Example 13) and polyacrylate (Comparative Example 14) at 500 ° C. is more than 50%, which is a cause of poor non-depositability. It turned out to be.

Claims (3)

(A) At least one lubricating component selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal salt of a low molecular weight carboxylic acid, an alkaline earth metal salt of a low molecular weight carboxylic acid, and an ammonium salt of a low molecular weight carboxylic acid.
(B) Two or more types of adhesiveness in which the decomposition residue when heated to 500 ° C. is less than 50% in the thermogravimetric measurement (TG) in an air atmosphere with a heating rate of 20 ° C./min and a flow rate of 300 ml / min . With a improver
(C) Containing with water
The adhesiveness improver is characterized by two types: (b) hydroxyethyl cellulose, imidized isobutylene maleic anhydride copolymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone or polyvinyl alcohol, and (b') carboxymethyl cellulose ammonium or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Lubricant for warm or hot forging. In a total of 100 parts by weight of the components (a) to (c),
The content of the component (a) is 12 to 35 parts by weight.
The content of component (b) is 0.1 to 6 parts by weight.
The content of the component (b') is 0.1 to 3 parts by weight.
The content of component (c) is from 56 to 87.8 parts by weight, warm or hot forging lubricant according to claim 1. The warm or hot forging lubricant according to claim 1 or 2 , which has a viscosity of 500 mPa · s or more at 25 ° C.

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