JP6777489B2 - Dump device and dump truck - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a dump device and a dump truck.

A dump truck is a truck equipped with a dump device for tilting the loading platform and discharging the cargo. The chassis frame of a dump truck is a component of a semi-finished chassis (in the present specification, the automobile part including the body), and is often common to a normal truck in which the loading platform is fixed and does not move. Since the chassis frame is designed and manufactured in consideration of the required strength and the like, it is not desirable to perform additional processing such as drilling. Welding is also not desirable because it damages the surface coating of the chassis frame with paint or the like applied for the purpose of preventing rust.

It is often simply explained that the dump truck's loading platform is connected to the chassis frame, but in reality, the loading platform is not directly connected to the chassis frame, but the dump device including the loading platform is connected to the chassis frame. Is usually the case. The dump device is a unit including a subframe, a loading platform, a hydraulic cylinder, and the like. The subframe is a frame that is the base of the dump truck, and the loading platform is connected to the subframe by a pin or the like, and the loading platform is tilted by a hydraulic cylinder or the like. Then, the dump device is attached to the chassis by superimposing the subframe on the chassis frame (see Patent Document 1 and the like) and connecting the chassis frame and the subframe with U bolts or the like.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 09-188181

Under the momentum of promoting environmental protection in recent years, the chassis tends to become heavier due to the introduction of exhaust gas purification technology such as urea SCR system and the increase of on-board equipment due to the hybridization of prime movers. As the weight of the chassis increases, so does the weight of the dump truck. Since the dump truck has a limit on the total weight of the vehicle when traveling (the total weight of the dump truck itself plus the weight of the passengers and the maximum load capacity), if the weight of the dump truck itself increases, the maximum load capacity Will decrease.

An object of the present invention is to provide a dump device and a dump truck that can suppress a decrease in the maximum load capacity even if the chassis becomes heavier.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a damping means for attaching to the chassis frame with a transverse joist connecting the longitudinal joists and vertical joists of left and right left right, vertical joists of the left and right in the vehicle width direction inside headed has a space between the wall surface of the upper and lower have a open ended U-shaped cross section, and the left and right reinforcing members fixed is inserted into each of the spaces of the vertical joists of the right and left , The cross member connecting the left and right reinforcing members, the left and right base brackets fixed to the left and right vertical roots, respectively, and the rear part of the left and right vertical roots are inserted and fixed in the space of the vertical roots , respectively. The left and right bearing brackets, the shafts supported by the left and right bearing brackets, the loading platform tiltably supported by the left and right bearing brackets via the shafts, one end to the base bracket, and the other end to the base bracket. It is characterized by being provided with a tilting device that is fixed to the loading platform and tilts the loading platform with respect to the chassis frame.

According to the present invention, since the weight of the dump truck can be reduced, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the maximum load capacity even when the chassis is heavier.

It is a side view which shows the whole structure of the dump truck which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the whole structure of the dump truck which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows the state which the loading platform of the dump truck which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention stands upright. It is a side view of the dump truck which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention which omitted the loading platform. It is a top view of the dump truck which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention which omitted the loading platform. It is a perspective view seen from the upper left rear of the chassis frame which attached the non-movable element of the dump truck which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention which omitted the loading platform. It is an enlarged view of the part VII in FIG. It is a perspective view which looked at the part shown in FIG. 7 from the upper left front. It is a perspective view which disassembled and represented the chassis frame provided in the dump truck which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and the non-movable element of a dump truck. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the elements shown in part X of FIG. 9 in an exploded manner. It is a side view of the dump truck which concerns on a comparative example. It is a side view of the chassis frame and the subframe of the dump truck which concerns on a comparative example.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1. 1. Dump truck FIG. 1 is a side view showing the overall configuration of a dump truck according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, FIG. 3 is a side view of a dump truck with a loading platform upright, and FIG. 4 omits the loading platform. A side view and FIG. 5 of a dump truck according to an embodiment of the present invention are plan views thereof. Hereinafter, the left and right in FIG. 2 are the front and rear of the dump truck, and the top and bottom are the right and left.

The dump truck shown in these figures includes a chassis 1 and a dump device 10 (described later). The chassis 1 referred to in the specification of the present application is an automobile portion (including a body) of a dump truck, and includes a driver's cab 2 and a chassis frame (body frame) 3 connected to the rear portion. The chassis frame 3 includes left and right vertical joists 4 which are main frames extending in the front-rear direction, and a plurality of horizontal joists 5 (FIG. 6 and the like) which are cross members connecting the left and right vertical joists 4. Although not shown in particular, the dump truck is equipped with an engine (motor) and a transmission connected to the engine via a clutch, and the driving force of the engine is transmitted to the drive system of the drive wheels via the transmission. It is transmitted and travels.

2. Dump device FIG. 6 is a perspective view seen from the upper left rear of the chassis frame to which the non-movable element of the dump device is attached, FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of part VII in FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 shows the portion shown in FIG. 7 from the upper left front. It is a seen perspective view. Further, FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the chassis frame and the non-movable element of the dump truck in an exploded manner, and FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the non-movable member of the dump truck shown in part X of FIG. It is a perspective view. The configuration of the dump truck 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 and FIGS. 6 to 10.

The dump device 10 is attached to the chassis frame 3. The dump device 10 includes a reinforcing member 11 (same as above), a base bracket 12 (same as above), a support member 13 (same as above), a cross member 14 (same as above), a bearing bracket 15 (same as above), and a shaft 16 (same as above). , The loading platform 17 (same as above) and the tilting device 18 (FIG. 5, etc.) are provided.

A pair of left and right reinforcing members 11 are provided, and are fixed to the left and right vertical joists 4, respectively. The left and right vertical joists 4 each have a cross-sectional shape having an inner space S that opens inward in the vehicle width direction (in this example, a U-shaped cross section). The inner space S is a space between the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface of the vertical joist 4. On the contrary, the left and right reinforcing members 11 each have a cross-sectional shape that opens toward the outside in the vehicle width direction (in this example, a U-shaped cross section). The reinforcing member 11 is inserted into the inner space S of the vertical joist 4 from the inside in the vehicle width direction. The vertical dimension of the reinforcing member 11 is between the upper and lower wall surfaces (outer wall) of the reinforcing member 11 and the upper and lower wall surfaces (inner wall) of the vertical joist 4 when the reinforcing member 11 is inserted into the inner space S. The gap is set to be as small as possible. Further, the reinforcing member 11 is located near the horizontal root thickness 5 closest to the middle portion in the front-rear direction of the portion of the chassis frame 3 on which the loading platform 17 is placed (in this example, the rear side of the horizontal root thickness 5 second from the back). .. The length of the reinforcing member 11 in the front-rear direction is longer than the length of the base bracket 12 in the front-rear direction, but is significantly shorter than the length of the loading platform 17 in the front-rear direction, and is shorter than the link (described later) in the present embodiment. .. In the present embodiment, the reinforcing member 11 is located at the center of the base bracket 12 in the front-rear direction, and the reinforcing member 11 extends forward and backward with respect to the base bracket 12. A plurality of holes 21 (FIG. 10) are machined in the reinforcing member 11 corresponding to general-purpose holes (through holes) 6 at their own mounting positions in the vertical joists 4, and the reinforcing members 11 utilize those holes 6. Then, it is fixed to the vertical joist 4 with bolts or the like. The hole 21 is a through hole or a screw hole.

A pair of left and right base brackets 12 are provided, and are fixed to the left and right vertical joists 4, respectively. The left and right base brackets 12 are both formed in an L shape by the mounting portion 22 and the holding portion 23. The mounting portion 22 is a portion for fixing the base bracket 12 to the upper surface of the vertical joist 4 with bolts or the like. A plurality of holes (through holes) 24 are machined in the mounting portion 22 corresponding to the general-purpose holes (through holes) 7 (FIG. 9) at the self-mounting position in the vertical joist 4. Further, in the present embodiment, a plurality of holes 25 (FIG. 10) are also machined at the corresponding positions in the reinforcing member 11, and the vertical joists are fastened by aligning the positions of the holes 24, 7, and 25 and fastening the bolts. The reinforcing member 11 and the base bracket 12 are fixed to each other via 4. The hole 25 is a through hole or a screw hole. The holding portion 23 extends downward from the inner end portion of the mounting portion 22 in the vehicle width direction, and is located between the left and right vertical joists 4. A tubular portion 26 opened in the vehicle width direction is formed in the holding portion 23, and the tubular portions 26 of the left and right holding portions 23 are coaxially opposed to each other. Further, the holding portion 23 is formed with two ribs from the mounting portion 22 to the tubular portion 26 of the holding portion 23, and high strength is given to the base bracket 12.

The cross member 14 extends to the left and right and connects the left and right reinforcing members 11. Both ends of the cross member 14 are fixed by bolts to the front portion of the vertical wall surface of the reinforcing member 11 facing inward in the vehicle width direction, and the closest horizontal root thickness 5 (in this example, the second horizontal root thickness from the back). It is arranged along the rear surface of 5. However, the cross member 14 is not connected to the horizontal root thickness 5 (of course, to the other horizontal root thickness 5), but is connected only to the reinforcing member 11. Further, a hook 27 is provided on the upper portion of the cross member 14 so as to project forward, and the hook 27 is close to the rear portion on the upper surface of the nearest horizontal root thickness 5 (through a slight gap) and faces the rear portion.

A pair of left and right bearing brackets 15 are provided, and are fixed to the left and right vertical joists 4, respectively. Like the reinforcing member 11, the left and right bearing brackets 15 each have a cross-sectional shape that opens outward in the vehicle width direction (in this example, a U-shaped cross section). The bearing bracket 15 is inserted into the inner space S of the vertical joist 4 from the inside in the vehicle width direction. The vertical dimension of the bearing bracket 15 is between the upper and lower wall surfaces (outer wall) of the bearing bracket 15 and the upper and lower wall surfaces (inner wall) of the vertical root thickness 4 when the bearing bracket 15 is inserted in the inner space S. The gap is set to be as small as possible. Further, the bearing bracket 15 is located at the rear portion (rear end in this embodiment) of the chassis frame 3. The length of the bearing bracket 15 in the front-rear direction is about the same as the length of the reinforcing member 11 in the front-rear direction, but it may be shorter or longer than that. As shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of holes 28 are machined in the bearing bracket 15 corresponding to general-purpose holes (through holes) 8 at the self-mounting position in the vertical joist 4, and the bearing bracket 15 has these holes 8. It is fixed to the vertical joist 4 with a bolt or the like by using. The hole 28 is a through hole or a screw hole. Further, through holes 9 and 29 are provided on the left and right facing surfaces of the vertical joist 4 and the bearing bracket 15, and the through hole 29 of the bearing bracket 15 is provided with the through hole 9 of the vertical joist 4 facing each other. The tubular portion 30 extending toward the direction is connected. The outer diameter of the tubular portion 30 is formed to be about the same as or slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 9, and the tip of the tubular portion 30 is inserted into the through hole 29 with the bearing bracket 15 attached to the vertical joist 4. Will be done.

The shaft 16 (FIGS. 1 and 3) extends left and right to connect the loading platform 17 and the vertical joist 4, and both ends are inserted into the tubular portions 30 of the left and right bearing brackets 15 and supported by the bearing brackets 15. Has been done. Although not shown, a retaining mechanism or the like is provided so that the shaft 16 does not come off from the cylinder portion 30. The loading platform 17 is tiltably supported by the left and right bearing brackets 15 via the shaft 16.

The tilting device 18 is a driving device that tilts the loading platform with respect to the chassis frame 3, and one end thereof is fixed to the base bracket 12 and the other end is fixed to the loading platform 17. As shown in FIG. 5, the tilting device 18 includes a lift arm 31, a tension link 32, and a tilting cylinder 33. A pair of left and right lift arms 31 are provided, and as shown in FIG. 3, one end of the left and right lift arms 31 is rotatably connected to the lower center of the loading platform 17. A pair of left and right tension links 32 are also provided, and one end of the left and right tension links 32 is rotatably connected to the other end of the corresponding lift arm 31. The other ends of the left and right tension links 32 are rotatably connected to the base bracket 12 via the support member 13 as shown in FIG. The tilting cylinder 33 is, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, and is arranged between the left and right tension links 32. One end (bottom side in this example) of the tilting cylinder 33 is rotatably connected to the base frame 12 via a support member 13, and the other end (rod side in this example) is rotatably connected to the lift arm 31. Has been done. Due to the expansion and contraction operation of the tilting cylinder 33, the loading platform 17 tilts with respect to the chassis frame 3 with the shaft 16 as a fulcrum, and the loading platform 17 stands up diagonally as shown in FIG. 3 or falls horizontally as shown in FIG. The tilting cylinder 33 expands and contracts due to pressure oil from a hydraulic pump 34 (FIG. 3, etc.) mounted on the chassis frame 3.

2. Assembly procedure When assembling the dump device 10 to the chassis 1, the reinforcing member 11 and the bearing bracket 15 are first attached to the chassis frame 3, and the cross member 14 is attached. The mounting order of the cross member 14 and the bearing bracket 15 is not limited to this. Separately from this, units such as the base bracket 12, the loading platform 17, and the tilting device 18 are assembled. Then, this unit is incorporated into the chassis frame 3 from above, the base bracket 12 is fixed to the vertical joists 4, and the shaft 16 is passed through the bearing bracket 15 and the loading platform 17 to be fixed. The assembly of the dump device 10 is completed by piping the tilting device 18 before and after this.

3. 3. Effect FIG. 11 is a side view of the dump truck according to the comparative example, and FIG. 12 is a side view of the chassis frame and the subframe of the dump truck of FIG. As shown in these figures, the dump device X of the comparative example is provided with a subframe Y. The subframe Y is connected to the upper part of the chassis frame V and extends from the front end to the vicinity of the rear end of the loading platform Z. That is, the subframe Y is interposed between the loading platform Z and the chassis frame V. The loading platform Z is connected to the subframe Y by an axis W. The subframe Y is heavy because it has a suitable thickness and is long in the front-rear direction.

On the other hand, as described above, the dump truck 10 according to the present embodiment does not have a subframe, and the loading platform 17 is attached to the chassis frame 3 via the base bracket 12 and the bearing bracket 15. Since the rigidity of the base bracket 12 in the chassis frame 3 is increased by the reinforcing member 11 at the portion where the load is applied, there is no problem in the support structure even when targeting a medium-sized or large-sized dump truck. The bearing bracket 15 also has the same function as the reinforcing member 11. As described above, the dump truck according to the present embodiment can be significantly reduced in weight as compared with the dump truck of the comparative example by omitting the subframe and replacing it with the compact base bracket 12 and bearing bracket 15. Therefore, even if the weight of the chassis 1 increases due to the introduction of the exhaust gas purification technology or the hybridization, it is possible to suppress the increase in the weight of the dump truck 1 and the decrease in the maximum load capacity. In addition, there is an advantage that fuel efficiency is improved as the weight of the vehicle body is reduced.

Further, the base bracket 12 (main part excluding the mounting portion 22), the bearing bracket 15, and the reinforcing member 11 are arranged side by side with the chassis frame 3 in the vehicle width direction (approximately the same height and viewed from the vehicle width direction). Overlapping). The arrangement of the loading platform 17 is lower than that of the comparative example because there is no subframe between the loading platform 17 and the chassis frame 3. This also has the effect of lowering the center of gravity of the vehicle and improving running stability.

Further, by connecting the left and right reinforcing members 11 with the cross member 14, the rigidity of the non-movable element (base unit) of the dump device 10 can be further increased, and the support structure can be made stronger. Further, since the cross member 14 is not connected to the horizontal root thickness 5, the load can be stably supported by the left and right base brackets 12, and the load of the dump device 10 is concentrated on the horizontal root thickness 5 depending on the manufacturing accuracy and the assembly accuracy. You can avoid such things. Further, in the present embodiment, a gap is also interposed between the hook 27 of the cross member 14 and the horizontal root thick 5, so that the cross member 14 and the horizontal root thick 5 are not in contact with each other. This is more advantageous when the load on the chassis frame 3 is small and the strength of the chassis frame 3 is low. However, it is also possible to adjust the position of the cross member 14 so that the hook 27 comes into contact with the horizontal root thickness 5 by utilizing the play of the bolt fastening structure, and expand the area of the dump device 10 that receives the load.

Further, since the reinforcing member 11 and the bearing bracket 15 can be bolted to the vertical joists 4 by using the general-purpose holes 6 and 8 of the vertical joists 4, the dump device 10 is attached to the chassis frame 3 without any processing. be able to.

Further, although the reinforcing member 11 and the base bracket 12 do not need to be directly connected, the rigidity of the base unit can be further increased by connecting with bolts as in the present embodiment.

4. Modification example There are various types of dump trucks other than those described above. For example, there is a so-called loader dump truck in which the loading platform slides in an inclined posture and the end portion of the loading platform can be grounded. The loader dump has a structure in which the loading platform is slidably attached to the loading platform frame that is tiltably connected to the subframe. It is common with a normal dump truck in that it has a subframe, and the present invention can be applied by using a base bracket 12, a bearing bracket 15, or the like instead of the subframe. That is, if it is a dump truck using a subframe, the present invention can be applied in the same manner including, for example, a so-called three-turn dump truck in which the tilting direction is switched in three directions, and the same effect can be obtained.

1 ... Chassis, 2 ... Driver's cab, 3 ... Chassis frame, 4 ... Vertical joist, 5 ... Horizontal joist, 10 ... Dump device, 11 ... Reinforcing member, 12 ... Base bracket, 14 ... Cross member, 15 ... Bearing bracket, 16 ... axis, 17 ... loading platform, 18 ... tilting device, S ... inner space

Claims (7)

In the dump apparatus for attaching to the chassis frame with a transverse joist connecting the longitudinal joists and vertical joists of left and right left right,
The left and right vertical joists have a U-shaped cross-sectional shape that opens inward in the vehicle width direction, and have a space between the upper and lower wall surfaces.
Left and right reinforcing members fixed is inserted into each of the spaces of the vertical joists of the right and left,
A cross member that connects the left and right reinforcing members,
The left and right base brackets fixed to the left and right vertical joists, respectively,
And right and left bearing bracket fixed are respectively inserted into the space of the longitudinal joists at the rear of the vertical joists of the right and left,
The shafts supported by the left and right bearing brackets,
A loading platform that is tiltably supported by the left and right bearing brackets via the shaft,
The dump truck is provided with a tilting device having one end fixed to the base bracket and the other end fixed to the loading platform to tilt the loading platform with respect to the chassis frame. The dump device according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing member, the base bracket, and the bearing bracket overlap the chassis frame in the vehicle width direction. The dump truck according to claim 2, wherein the shaft overlaps the chassis frame in the vehicle width direction . The dump truck according to claim 3, wherein the left and right reinforcing members are fixed to the vertical joists with bolts . The dump truck according to claim 4 , wherein a hook is provided on the upper portion of the cross member so as to project forward, and the hook faces the upper surface of the horizontal root thick via a gap. .. The dump device according to claim 3 , wherein the bearing bracket is connected to the vertical joist with a bolt . Driver's cab and
A frame provided at the rear of the driver's cab, which is provided with left and right vertical joists and horizontal joists connecting these left and right vertical joists, and the vertical joists have a U-shape that opens inward in the vehicle width direction. A chassis frame that has a cross-sectional shape and has a space between the upper and lower walls ,
A dump truck provided with the dump truck according to any one of claims 1-6.

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