JP6778148B2 - Evaluation method and evaluation system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an evaluation method and an evaluation system for evaluating rock mass.

The bedrock gradually weathers after being exposed to air and water for a long time. For example, in tunnel excavation, it is required to evaluate the degree of weathering of the face of the tunnel. Various evaluation methods and evaluation systems for rocks such as the face have been conventionally known. Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-999895 describes a geological information analysis device including a digital camera for photographing the face surface of a tunnel and the like, and an image data processing device for performing image processing on the image taken by the digital camera. ing.

The geological information analysis device divides an image taken by a digital camera into a plurality of sample windows, and acquires a color vector and a brightness value from each of the pixels constituting each sampling window. The distribution of the color vector and the lightness value of each sampling window is created from the color vector and the lightness value obtained from each of the pixels. By comparing the distribution of the color vector and the brightness value with various data accumulated by experience, the rock type or weathering degree of the face surface is determined.

Japanese Patent No. 2996836 describes a method for identifying rock species and rock classes by performing image analysis of the face of a tunnel. In this method, a color image of a face is acquired, and the RGB primary color signal of the color image is converted into a luminance signal and a color difference signal. The rock type and rock class are identified from the difference in hue by obtaining the color vector from the color difference signal, expressing the hue distribution in the color angle, and substituting the color vector of each pixel to obtain a characteristic color.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-999895 Japanese Patent No. 2996836

In the above-mentioned geological information analysis device and the method of identifying the rock type and the rock class, the degree of deterioration of the rock due to weathering of the rock is calculated from the camera image taken by the camera. However, when calculating the degree of deterioration of the bedrock from the camera image, the brightness (L value) of the brightness and chromaticity of the camera image affects the brightness at the time of image capture. That is, the brightness of the camera image fluctuates according to the brightness of the lighting or the like located around the camera. Therefore, when the degree of alteration of the bedrock is calculated from the camera image, the data affected by the brightness can be obtained, and the accuracy of the calculated degree of alteration is lowered. In particular, when evaluating a portion of a bedrock that has undergone hydrothermal alteration, the bedrock may have a color close to white, and therefore tends to be easily affected by the ambient brightness. Therefore, when calculating the degree of alteration from the camera image, there is a problem that a discrepancy is likely to occur between the calculated degree of alteration and the actual degree of alteration.

An object of the present invention is to provide an evaluation method and an evaluation system capable of obtaining the progress of alteration of rock mass with high accuracy.

The evaluation method according to the present invention is an evaluation method for evaluating a bedrock, which includes a step of photographing the bedrock with a camera to acquire a camera image of the bedrock, and irradiating the bedrock with laser light from a laser scanner to laser the bedrock. It includes a step of acquiring the light reflection intensity, a value indicating redness of the camera image, a value b indicating yellowness of the camera image, and a step of calculating the degree of alteration of the bedrock from the reflection intensity.

In the evaluation method according to the present invention, a camera image is acquired, and the rock mass is irradiated with the laser beam from the laser scanner to acquire the reflection intensity of the laser beam from the bedrock. In this evaluation method, the degree of alteration of the bedrock is calculated from the reflection intensity of the laser beam, the a value indicating the redness of the camera image, and the b value indicating the yellowness of the camera image. Therefore, when calculating the degree of alteration, the reflection intensity of the laser beam is used instead of the brightness (L value). The reflection intensity of the laser beam is not affected by the brightness of lighting or the like located around the camera. Therefore, by acquiring the reflection intensity of the laser beam instead of the brightness, the influence of the brightness around the camera can be eliminated. Therefore, since it is possible to prevent the influence of the brightness, it is possible to obtain the information of the degree of alteration excluding the influence of the brightness with high accuracy.

Further, the evaluation method described above may include a step of determining absolute coordinates with the position of the laser scanner as the origin by collimating a plurality of collimation members arranged adjacent to the laser scanner. In this case, the distribution of the reflection intensity in the bedrock can be obtained based on the determined absolute coordinates. Therefore, since sufficient information on the reflection intensity from the bedrock can be obtained, the degree of alteration of the bedrock can be calculated with high accuracy.

Further, the evaluation method described above may include a step of arranging a plurality of images showing the distribution of the reflection intensity of the bedrock to generate a geological development map after the step of acquiring the reflection intensity. In this case, since the information on the reflection intensity at a plurality of locations on the bedrock can be acquired as a plurality of images, the reflection intensity data can be displayed in a more easily graspable manner.

In addition, the steps for calculating the degree of alteration of the bedrock include a step of scoring the chromaticity of the camera image from the a value and the b value, a step of scoring the reflection intensity, the scoring chromaticity, and the first weighting coefficient. A step of calculating the degree of alteration from the product of the product, the scored reflection intensity, and the product of the second weighting coefficient may be provided. In this case, the scoring chromaticity and the scoring reflection intensity can be weighted. That is, by providing the first weighting coefficient and the second weighting coefficient, it is possible to set which of chromaticity and reflection intensity is prioritized. For example, when evaluating a portion undergoing hydrothermal alteration, the second weighting coefficient can be increased to increase the effect of reflection intensity, and when evaluating a reddish-brown bedrock near the ground surface. , The influence of chromaticity can be increased by increasing the first weighting coefficient. Therefore, since the weighting can be changed according to the rock type of the bedrock and the method of alteration, the degree of alteration can be calculated with higher accuracy.

Further, the evaluation method described above may include a step of associating the absolute coordinates with the position of the laser scanner as the origin with the camera image. In this case, by associating the coordinates of the camera image with the absolute coordinates, the coordinates can be made common between the camera image and the reflection intensity. Therefore, the degree of alteration can be calculated with higher accuracy.

The evaluation system according to the present invention is an evaluation system for evaluating rock mass, and is a camera that photographs rock mass to acquire a camera image of rock mass and irradiates the rock mass with laser light to determine the reflection intensity of the laser beam from the rock mass. A laser scanner to be acquired, a value indicating redness of the camera image, a value b indicating yellowness of the camera image, and a calculation unit for calculating the degree of alteration of the bedrock from the reflection intensity are provided.

In the evaluation system according to the present invention, the camera acquires a camera image of the bedrock, and the laser scanner irradiates the bedrock with the laser beam to acquire the reflection intensity of the laser beam. Then, the degree of alteration of the bedrock is calculated from the reflection intensity, the a value indicating the redness of the camera image, and the b value indicating the yellowness of the camera image. Therefore, since the reflection intensity of the laser beam is used instead of the brightness of the camera image in the calculation of the degree of alteration, the influence of the brightness around the camera can be eliminated. Therefore, since it is possible to prevent the influence of the brightness, it is possible to obtain the information of the degree of alteration excluding the influence of the brightness with high accuracy.

According to the present invention, the progress of alteration of rock mass can be obtained with high accuracy.

It is a block diagram which shows the evaluation system of the rock mass which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the state which the laser scanner of the evaluation system of FIG. 1 acquires the reflection intensity. It is a perspective view which shows the laser scanner of FIG. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship between the laser scanner of FIG. 2 and a bedrock. It is a figure which shows the example of the camera image taken by the camera of the evaluation system of FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the distribution image of the reflection intensity acquired by the laser scanner of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the evaluation method of the rock mass which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the geological development map generated by arranging a plurality of images by the evaluation system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, the rock mass evaluation method and the embodiment of the evaluation system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same or corresponding elements are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted as appropriate.

(First Embodiment)
First, the rock mass evaluation system according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an evaluation system 1 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a tunnel face T which is a rock mass targeted by the evaluation system 1. The rock type of the tunnel face T and the method of alteration vary depending on the location and the like.

The evaluation system 1 according to the present embodiment evaluates the alteration of the bedrock. In the present specification, "deterioration of rock mass" includes weathering of rock mass, and specifically includes a phenomenon in which rock mass is deteriorated by high-temperature groundwater ejected from underground, and the deteriorated rock mass itself. .. On the other hand, "weathering" includes the phenomenon that the bedrock is deteriorated by the surface water and the seepage water from the surface, and the deteriorated bedrock itself. The phenomenon of weathering is classified into, for example, physical weathering and chemical weathering. In this embodiment, the evaluation system 1 evaluates, for example, the chemical weathering of rock mass.

The tunnel face T is formed, for example, by loading an explosive into a hole formed in a bedrock and exploding it. The tunnel face T is altered by long-term exposure to air and water. For example, in the tunnel face T near the ground surface, the color of the bedrock changes to reddish brown or yellowish brown as the alteration progresses. On the other hand, in a tunnel face T or the like that has undergone hydrothermal alteration, the color of the bedrock may change to white or green as the alteration progresses.

The stability of the tunnel constructed at the tunnel face T is affected by the above-mentioned degree of rock alteration. Therefore, it is important to properly evaluate the tunnel face T in order to grasp and manage the degree of deterioration of the bedrock when constructing the tunnel. In the present specification, the “degree of alteration” indicates the degree of progress of alteration in the bedrock. The higher the "degree of alteration", the more the alteration is progressing, and the lower the "degree of alteration" is, the less the alteration is progressing. In the present embodiment, the rock evaluation system 1 for calculating the degree of alteration of the tunnel face T will be described.

The evaluation system 1 supports, for example, the field worker and the geologist of the tunnel face T by calculating the degree of alteration of the tunnel face T and displaying the calculated degree of alteration. Conventionally, since the degree of alteration of the tunnel face has been confirmed based on the experience and skill of field workers, there is a problem that the accuracy of the obtained degree of alteration varies. However, since the evaluation system 1 automatically calculates and displays the degree of alteration, it is possible to calculate the degree of alteration with high accuracy regardless of the experience of field workers and the like.

The evaluation system 1 includes a camera 2 that captures the tunnel face T, a 3D scanner 10 that acquires the reflection intensity of the laser beam L from the tunnel face T, a calculation unit 20 that calculates the degree of alteration of the tunnel face T, and a tunnel face. A display unit 30 for displaying the degree of alteration of T is provided.

The camera 2 is, for example, a camera mounted on a tablet terminal. Further, the camera 2 may be a digital camera. The camera 2 acquires digital data of the captured image of the tunnel face T. As the camera 2, various cameras can be used. The camera 2 may be any camera that acquires the chromaticity of the tunnel face T. The camera 2 outputs the captured image of the tunnel face T to the calculation unit 20. The camera 2 may be a camera that takes a silver halide photograph. In this case, the image is read by the scanner and the image is output to the calculation unit 20.

The 3D scanner 10 irradiates the tunnel face T with the laser beam L. The 3D scanner 10 includes a laser scanner 11, and the laser scanner 11 acquires the reflection intensity of the laser beam L from the tunnel face T. The 3D scanner 10 may be provided with a spirit level, for example, and in this case, the levelness of the laser scanner 11 can be ensured. The laser scanner 11 is, for example, a two-dimensional laser scanner. The laser scanner 11 irradiates the tunnel face T with the laser beam L in a plane. That is, when the laser scanner 11 irradiates the tunnel face T with the laser beam L once, the laser beam L is irradiated along the plane. Therefore, two-dimensional reflection intensity data can be obtained from the tunnel face T.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the 3D scanner 10. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the 3D scanner 10 extends to the left and right sides above the support leg 14 supporting the 3D scanner 10, the control unit 15 located above the support leg 14, and the control unit 15. A rod-shaped first support portion 16 and a second support portion 17 extending upward from both sides of the first support portion 16 are provided.

Further, the 3D scanner 10 includes a motor 12 for rotating the laser scanner 11 and a collimation member 13 attached to each of the second support portions 17. The motor 12 is attached directly to the laser scanner 11, for example, and rotates the laser scanner 11 in a direction intersecting the irradiation surface of the laser beam L. As shown in FIG. 4, assuming that the straight line connecting the tunnel face T and the laser scanner 11 is a straight line A, the motor 12 rotates the laser scanner 11 with the straight line A as the central axis. By repeating the rotation of the laser scanner 11 and the irradiation of the laser beam L from the laser scanner 11, data on the reflection intensity of the laser beam L is three-dimensionally acquired from the entire tunnel face T.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the collimation member 13 is collimated by the total station S, which is a measuring instrument whose absolute coordinates are known. The collimation member 13 is, for example, a prism, but may be a reflective member other than the prism, such as a reflective mirror or a reflective sticker. The plurality of collimation members 13 are provided adjacent to the laser scanner 11. The total station S irradiates each collimating member 13 with the ranging light B, and receives the reflected light of the ranging light B from each collimating member 13. When the total station S receives the reflected light from each of the plurality of collimation members 13, the absolute coordinates with the position of the laser scanner 11 as the origin are determined.

For example, the two collimation members 13 are arranged on the left and right sides of the laser scanner 11, and are arranged at positions symmetrical with respect to the laser scanner 11. As a result, the collimation member 13 can be arranged in a well-balanced manner. Further, the distance between the two collimation members 13 is preferably long because an error or the like can be suppressed. Each collimation member 13 is attached to each of the second support portions 17 extending in the vertical direction, and the lower end of each second support portion 17 is fixed to the first support portion 16.

The first support portion 16 is arranged so as to extend in the horizontal direction, and the control portion 15 is provided in the lower part of the center of the first support portion 16. The control unit 15 is, for example, a control box electrically connected to the laser scanner 11 and the motor 12, and controls the driving of the laser scanner 11 by the motor 12. The control unit 15 is provided with, for example, a switch and an operation button, and the operation of each part of the laser scanner 11 is controlled by operating these switches and the like.

As shown in FIG. 1, the calculation unit 20 is capable of communicating with the camera 2, 3D scanner 10 and the display unit 30. The calculation unit 20 receives the digital data of the photographed image of the tunnel face T acquired by the camera 2, and also receives the digital data of the reflection intensity of the laser beam L acquired by the laser scanner 11. The calculation unit 20 includes an image analysis unit 21, a score calculation unit 22, a weighting coefficient setting unit 23, and a determination unit 24.

The calculation unit 20 is, for example, a general-purpose personal computer, and includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), and a RAM (Random Access Memory). Each function of the calculation unit 20 is realized by loading the program stored in the ROM into the RAM and executing it in the CPU.

The image analysis unit 21 generates a camera image D1 of the tunnel face T and an image D2 showing the distribution of the reflection intensity of the laser beam L. The camera images D1 and D2 generated by the image analysis unit 21 are represented by shades of color, for example, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. The camera image D1 is generated from the captured image of the camera 2. The camera image D1 has an A value indicating redness and a B value indicating yellowness. The image D2 is an image in which the reflection intensity of the laser beam L is converted into colors. In FIGS. 5 and 6, the darker the color, the more the color of the tunnel face T is the color in which the alteration is progressing. The image analysis unit 21 associates the camera images D1 and the image D2 with the above-mentioned absolute coordinates.

The image analysis unit 21 divides each of the camera image D1 and the image D2. In the example shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the camera images D1 and D2 are divided into three parts: an upper portion T1 of the tunnel face T, a left side portion T2 of the tunnel face T, and a right portion T3 of the tunnel face T. However, the mode of division and the number of divisions for each image can be changed as appropriate. Further, in FIG. 6, the portion where the color of the image D2 is light indicates the portion where the reflection intensity of the laser beam L is strong, and the portion where the color of the image D2 is dark indicates the portion where the reflection intensity of the laser light L is weak. The colors displayed in the camera images D1 and the image D2 can be changed as appropriate.

The score calculation unit 22 calculates the score for each of the camera image D1 and the image D2. The score calculation unit 22 calculates the score for each of the divided regions of the camera image D1 and the image D2, for example. In the present embodiment, points are calculated for each of the upper portion T1, the left portion T2, and the right portion T3. Here, the "point" indicates a value when the degree of alteration is quantified, and the higher the "point" is, the higher the degree of alteration is, and the lower the "point" is, the lower the degree of alteration is. There is.

The point calculation unit 22 digitizes the color for each pixel of the camera image D1 and the image D2. The score calculation unit 22 sets a large numerical value for each pixel when the color has a high degree of alteration, and sets a small numerical value when the color has a low degree of alteration. The relationship between the degree of alteration and the color is stored in advance in the database of the calculation unit 20. After setting a numerical value for each pixel, the score calculation unit 22 calculates the average value of the numerical values in the entire divided region (upper side portion T1, left side portion T2, and right side portion T3) as a score.

In the example of the camera image D1 shown in FIG. 5, the upper portion T1 has 5 points, the left portion T2 has 0 points, and the right portion T3 has 3 points. In the example of the image D2 shown in FIG. 6, the upper portion T1 has 7 points, the left portion T2 has 4 points, and the right portion T3 has 3 points. The score in the camera image D1 corresponds to the chromaticity of the scored tunnel face T, and the score in the image D2 corresponds to the reflection intensity of the scored laser beam L.

The weighting coefficient setting unit 23 sets a weighting coefficient for selecting which of the camera image D1 and the image D2 is prioritized. The weighting coefficient includes, for example, a first weighting coefficient t indicating the priority of the camera image D1 and a second weighting coefficient k indicating the priority of the image D2. The weighting coefficient setting unit 23 displays, for example, a weighting coefficient setting screen on the display unit 30, and the first weighting coefficient t and the second weighting coefficient k are set from the weighting coefficient setting screen.

The determination unit 24 calculates the degree of alteration of the tunnel face T from the points calculated by the score calculation unit 22 and the first weighting coefficient t and the second weighting coefficient k set by the weighting coefficient setting unit 23. The determination unit 24 calculates points for each divided region (for example, for each upper portion T1, left portion T2, and right portion T3). The determination unit 24 determines, for example, the degree of alteration from the product of the chromaticity of the scored camera image D1 and the first weighting coefficient t, the reflection intensity of the scored image D2, and the product of the second weighting coefficient k. Is calculated. As a specific example, the determination unit 24 calculates the degree of alteration of the upper portion T1 as 5 × t + 7 × k, calculates the degree of alteration of the left portion T2 as 0 × t + 4 × k, and determines the degree of alteration of the right portion T3. Calculated as 3 × t + 3 × k.

The display unit 30 may be, for example, a display of a personal computer, a tablet terminal, or a mobile terminal. The display unit 30 can use various display devices as long as it is a display capable of displaying the degree of alteration calculated by the calculation unit 20. The display unit 30 displays the degree of alteration calculated by the calculation unit 20. The display unit 30 may display the degree of alteration calculated by the determination unit 24 (for example, the numerical value calculated for each of the upper portion T1, the left side portion T2, and the right side portion T3). Further, the display unit 30 may display the camera image D1 and the image D2 together with the degree of alteration calculated by the determination unit 24. By displaying the degree of alteration for each area where the display unit 30 is divided (for each of the upper portion T1, the left portion T2 and the right portion T3), the field worker or the like can grasp the alteration degree of the tunnel face T at a glance. It will be possible.

Next, the rock mass evaluation method according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of an evaluation method using the rock mass evaluation system 1. In the following, an example of evaluating the degree of alteration of the tunnel face T will be described. First, the tunnel face T is photographed by the camera 2, and the photographed image of the tunnel face T is acquired by the camera 2 (step S1).

On the other hand, the 3D scanner 10 is arranged at a position facing the tunnel face T (step S2). At this time, the levelness of the laser scanner 11 may be secured so that the irradiation direction of the laser beam L of the laser scanner 11 is horizontal according to the spirit level. Further, the total station S irradiates each collimating member 13 with the ranging light B, and the total station S receives the reflected light of the ranging light B from each collimating member 13, so that the position of the laser scanner 11 is set as the origin. Absolute coordinates are determined (step S3, step of determining absolute coordinates). After that, the tunnel face T is irradiated with the laser beam L from the laser scanner 11, and the reflection intensity of the laser beam L is acquired from the tunnel face T (step S4, a step of acquiring the reflection intensity).

Since the laser scanner 11 is, for example, a two-dimensional laser scanner, the motor 12 rotates the laser scanner 11 after the reflection intensity is acquired by the two-dimensional laser scanner. At this time, the laser scanner 11 rotates the laser scanner 11 about the straight line A connecting the tunnel face T and the laser scanner 11 (step of rotating the laser scanner). By repeating the rotation of the laser scanner 11 and the acquisition of the reflection intensity of the laser scanner 11 in this way, the reflection intensity is acquired from the entire tunnel face T.

For example, the captured image of the camera 2 is output to the calculation unit 20, and the reflection intensity acquired by the laser scanner 11 is output to the calculation unit 20. The image analysis unit 21 generates a camera image D1 divided into a plurality of regions (for example, an upper portion T1, a left side portion T2, and a right side portion T3) from the captured image of the camera 2 (step S5, a step of acquiring a camera image). ).

The image analysis unit 21 converts the reflection intensity of the laser beam L into colors to generate the image D2. The image analysis unit 21 associates the camera images D1 and the image D2 with predetermined absolute coordinates (a step of associating with the camera image). Next, the score calculation unit 22 scores the chromaticity of the camera image D1 from the a value and the b value of the camera image D1 (step S6, a step of scoring the chromaticity) and determines the reflection intensity of the laser beam L. Score (the process of scoring the reflection intensity). At this time, the score calculation unit 22 calculates the score for each of the divided regions of the camera image D1 and the image D2.

Next, the weighting coefficient setting unit 23 sets a first weighting coefficient t indicating the priority of the camera image D1 and a second weighting coefficient k indicating the priority of the image D2 (step of setting the weighting coefficient). At this time, a geologist or the like may set the first weighting coefficient t and the second weighting coefficient k while performing calibration. Further, when the rock type of the tunnel face T or the like is known, the first weighting coefficient t and the second weighting coefficient k previously stored in the database of the calculation unit 20 may be set.

Subsequently, the determination unit 24 calculates the degree of alteration of the tunnel face T (step S7, a step of calculating the degree of alteration). The determination unit 24 is, for example, the product of the chromaticity scored by the score calculation unit 22 and the first weighting coefficient t, and the product of the reflection intensity scored by the score calculation unit 22 and the second weighting coefficient k. The sum is calculated as the degree of alteration of the tunnel face T.

Then, the display unit 30 displays the degree of alteration of the tunnel face T (step S8, a step of displaying the degree of alteration). At this time, the display unit 30 may display the degree of alteration for each of the upper portion T1, the left side portion T2, and the right side portion T3. Further, the display unit 30 may display the degree of alteration together with the camera images D1 and the image D2. As described above, the display unit 30 displays the degree of alteration of the tunnel face T, and a series of steps is completed.

Next, the rock mass evaluation method and the action and effect obtained from the evaluation system 1 according to the present embodiment will be described.

In the evaluation method and evaluation system 1 according to the present embodiment, the camera image D1 is acquired, and as shown in FIG. 2, the laser scanner 11 irradiates the tunnel face T with the laser beam L to irradiate the tunnel face T with the laser beam T. Acquires the reflection intensity of light L. Then, the degree of alteration of the tunnel face T is calculated from the reflection intensity of the laser beam L, the a value indicating the redness of the camera image D1, and the b value indicating the yellowness of the camera image D1. Therefore, when calculating the degree of alteration, the reflection intensity of the laser beam L is used instead of the brightness (L value). The reflection intensity of the laser beam L is not affected by the brightness of the illumination or the like located around the tunnel face T. Therefore, by acquiring the reflection intensity of the laser beam L instead of the brightness, the influence of the brightness around the tunnel face T can be eliminated. Therefore, since it is possible to prevent the influence of the brightness, it is possible to obtain the information of the degree of alteration excluding the influence of the brightness with high accuracy.

Further, the laser scanner 11 is a two-dimensional laser scanner, and in the step of acquiring the reflection intensity, the tunnel face T is irradiated with the laser beam L from the two-dimensional laser scanner, and the reflection intensity of the laser beam L from the tunnel face T is obtained. The step of acquiring the above with the two-dimensional laser scanner and the step of rotating the two-dimensional laser scanner around the straight line A connecting the tunnel face T and the two-dimensional laser scanner are repeated. By acquiring the reflection intensity while rotating the laser scanner 11 which is a two-dimensional laser scanner, it is possible to sufficiently acquire the reflection intensity from all the regions of the tunnel face T. Therefore, since sufficient reflection intensity data can be obtained from a two-dimensional laser scanner having a simple configuration, the configuration of the laser scanner 11 can be simplified and the degree of alteration can be calculated with high accuracy.

Further, the evaluation method described above includes a step of determining absolute coordinates with the position of the laser scanner 11 as the origin by collimating a plurality of collimation members 13 arranged adjacent to the laser scanner 11. Therefore, the distribution of the reflection intensity at the tunnel face T can be obtained based on the determined absolute coordinates. Therefore, since sufficient information on the reflection intensity can be obtained from the tunnel face T, the degree of alteration of the tunnel face T can be calculated with high accuracy.

Further, the steps of calculating the degree of alteration of the tunnel face T include a step of scoring the chromaticity of the camera image D1 from the a value and the b value, a step of scoring the reflection intensity, a scoring chromaticity, and a first step. A step of calculating the degree of alteration from the product of the values of the 1 weighting coefficient t, the scored reflection intensity, and the product of the second weighting coefficient k is provided. Therefore, by providing the first weighting coefficient t and the second weighting coefficient k, it is possible to set which of chromaticity and reflection intensity is prioritized.

For example, when evaluating the tunnel face T undergoing hydrothermal alteration, the second weighting coefficient k can be increased to increase the influence of the reflection intensity, and the reddish brown tunnel face T near the ground surface can be evaluated. In the case of evaluation, the influence of the chromaticity can be increased by increasing the first weighting coefficient t. Therefore, since the weighting can be changed according to the rock type of the tunnel face T and the method of alteration, the degree of alteration can be calculated with higher accuracy.

Further, the evaluation method described above includes a step of associating the absolute coordinates with the position of the laser scanner 11 as the origin with the camera image D1. Therefore, by associating the coordinates of the camera image D1 with the absolute coordinates, the coordinates can be made common between the camera image D1 and the reflection intensity image D2. Therefore, the degree of alteration can be calculated with higher accuracy.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, the rock mass evaluation method and the evaluation system according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The evaluation method and evaluation system according to the second embodiment are different from the first embodiment in the image display mode. Hereinafter, the description overlapping with the first embodiment will be omitted as appropriate.

As shown in FIG. 8, the calculation unit of the evaluation system according to the second embodiment generates a plurality of images D21, D22, D23 showing the reflection intensity and displays the geological development map M. The excavation of the tunnel is performed by forming a plurality of holes in the tunnel face T, loading the formed holes with explosives, and exploding the tunnel. By repeating the blasting of the tunnel and the calculation of the degree of alteration of the tunnel face T, a plurality of images D21, D22, and D23 along the traveling direction X of the tunnel are generated. In the method for evaluating the tunnel face T according to the second embodiment, the distribution of the reflection intensity of the laser beam L is acquired from the tunnel face T after the blast, and the images D21, D22, and D23 are displayed along the traveling direction X of the tunnel. By arranging them side by side, the geological development map M is displayed on the display unit 30 (step of generating the geological development map).

In the rock mass evaluation method and evaluation system according to the second embodiment, after the step of acquiring the reflection intensity, a plurality of images D21, D22, and D23 showing the distribution of the reflection intensity of the tunnel face T are arranged to generate a geological development map M. Provide a process to do. Therefore, information on the reflection intensity at a plurality of locations on the bedrock (plural locations along the traveling direction X of the tunnel) can be acquired as a plurality of images D21, D22, D23, so that the reflection intensity data can be better grasped. It can be displayed in an easy manner. Further, the reflection intensity and the fact that the superimposed images D21, D22, and D23 have absolute coordinates enables management of three-dimensional development (CIM; Construction Information Modeling).

Although the rock mass evaluation method and the embodiment of the evaluation system according to the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to each of the above-described embodiments, and the gist described in each claim is not changed. It may be modified or applied to something else. That is, the content and order of each process constituting the evaluation method and the configuration of each part of the evaluation system are not limited to the content of each of the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately changed.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, the 3D scanner 10 including the two collimation members 13 arranged symmetrically with respect to the laser scanner 11 has been described. However, the configuration of the 3D scanner can be changed as appropriate. For example, the number of collimation members may be three or more. Further, the location of the collimation member does not have to be on the left and right sides of the laser scanner 11, and can be changed as appropriate. Further, the laser scanner may be a three-dimensional laser scanner.

Further, in the second embodiment described above, the degree of alteration was calculated each time the tunnel was blown up, and the images D21, D22, and D23 of the tunnel face T exposed each time the tunnel was blown up were arranged to generate a geological development map M. However, the evaluation system may complement the data between the plurality of images D21, D22, D23, and may display, for example, the distribution data of the continuous reflection intensity in the traveling direction X of the tunnel.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, an example in which the evaluation method and the evaluation target of the evaluation system 1 is the tunnel face T has been described. However, the evaluation method and evaluation system can be applied to other rock masses such as dam bodies.

1 ... Evaluation system, 2 ... Camera, 10 ... 3D scanner, 11 ... Laser scanner, 12 ... Motor, 13 ... Collimation member, 14 ... Support leg, 15 ... Control unit, 16 ... First support unit, 17 ... Second Support unit, 20 ... Calculation unit, 21 ... Image analysis unit, 22 ... Score calculation unit, 23 ... Weighting coefficient setting unit, 24 ... Judgment unit, 30 ... Display unit, A ... Straight line, B ... Distance measurement light, D1 ... Camera Image, D2, D21, D22, D23 ... Image, L ... Laser light, M ... Geological development map, S ... Total station, T ... Tunnel face (rock), T1 ... Upper part, T2 ... Left part, T3 ... Right part, t ... 1st weighting coefficient, k ... 2nd weighting coefficient, X ... traveling direction.

Claims (6)

It is an evaluation method for evaluating rock mass,
The process of taking a picture of the bedrock with a camera and acquiring a camera image of the bedrock,
A step of irradiating the bedrock with a laser beam from a laser scanner to acquire the reflection intensity of the laser beam from the bedrock, and
A step of calculating the degree of alteration of the bedrock from the a value indicating the redness of the camera image, the b value indicating the yellowness of the camera image, and the reflection intensity.
Evaluation method with. A step of determining absolute coordinates with the position of the laser scanner as the origin is provided by collimating a plurality of collimation members arranged adjacent to the laser scanner.
The evaluation method according to claim 1. After the step of acquiring the reflection intensity,
A step of arranging a plurality of images showing the distribution of the reflection intensity of the bedrock to generate a geological development map is provided.
The evaluation method according to claim 1 or 2. The step of calculating the degree of alteration of the bedrock is
A step of scoring the chromaticity of the camera image from the a value and the b value, and
The step of scoring the reflection intensity and
A step of calculating the degree of alteration from the product of the scored chromaticity and the first weighting coefficient, and the product of the scored reflection intensity and the second weighting coefficient.
The evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A step of associating the absolute coordinates with the position of the laser scanner as the origin with the camera image is provided.
The evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4. An evaluation system that evaluates rock mass
A camera that photographs the bedrock and acquires a camera image of the bedrock,
A laser scanner that irradiates the bedrock with a laser beam to acquire the reflection intensity of the laser beam from the bedrock,
A value indicating the redness of the camera image, a value b indicating the yellowness of the camera image, and a calculation unit for calculating the degree of alteration of the bedrock from the reflection intensity.
Evaluation system with.