JP6792355B2 - Interior material - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an interior material.

Gypsum board, rock wool board, etc. are used for walls and ceilings of private houses, apartment houses, office buildings, commercial facilities, factories, concert halls, etc. Patent Documents 1 and 2 propose sound-absorbing decorative boards having an embossed pattern or a travertine pattern formed on the surface of these gypsum boards and the like.
Further, in Patent Document 3, as a sound absorbing decorative board having improved sound absorbing performance, a decorative material having a large number of fine holes formed is attached to a side surface of a sound absorbing base material defined in a flat surface. A board has been proposed. In the sound absorbing decorative board described in Patent Document 3, the decorative material and the sound absorbing base material are partially bonded by spot bonding or punching metal or expanded metal. Since the portions bonded by partial adhesion are periodic, a uniformly shaped partition is formed behind the micropores. In addition, some of the micropores are closed with an adhesive and do not have sound permeability.

Special Publication No. 58-52804 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-141582 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 07-324400

An object of the present invention is to provide an interior material having excellent workability and high design.

1. 1. A synthetic resin sheet is attached to the surface of the substrate provided with many recesses via an adhesive layer.
An interior material characterized in that the synthetic resin sheet and the adhesive layer are provided with a large number of through holes having a diameter of 0.5 mm or less that penetrate the synthetic resin sheet and the adhesive layer.
2. 2. 1. The concave portion has an irregular shape. Interior materials listed in.
3. 3. It is characterized in that a Helmholtz-type sound absorbing structure is formed by communicating the through hole and the recess. Or 2. Interior materials listed in.
4. The synthetic resin sheet is characterized in that through holes are formed in a state where an adhesive layer is provided. ~ 3. Interior material described in any of.
5.1. ~ 4. Ceiling finishing material or wall finishing material consisting of the interior materials described in any of.
6. The synthetic resin sheet lined with the adhesive layer is provided with a large number of through holes having a diameter of 0.5 mm or less, whereby a large number of through holes penetrating the adhesive layer and the synthetic resin sheet are formed. A perforated synthetic resin sheet that is attached to the surface of a substrate with many recesses on the surface.
7. A synthetic resin sheet having an adhesive layer on one surface and provided with a large number of through holes having a diameter of 0.5 mm or less penetrating to the adhesive layer.
An interior material construction method characterized in that the adhesive layer is used to bond to a substrate provided with a large number of recesses.
8. 7. The concave portion has an irregular shape. Interior material construction method described in.

When the synthetic resin sheet is attached to the surface of the substrate, the interior material of the present invention can be easily attached because air escapes from the through hole penetrating the synthetic resin sheet and the adhesive layer and no bubbles are formed. .. In addition, the synthetic resin sheet does not easily come off from the substrate, and is excellent in strength and durability. The interior material of the present invention has excellent designability because the through holes provided in the synthetic resin sheet are inconspicuous, and the designability can be further enhanced by printing or embossing the surface of the synthetic resin sheet. it can.

When the through hole formed in the synthetic resin sheet and the recess provided in the substrate communicate with each other, a Helmholtz type sound absorbing structure is formed. The interior material on which the Helmholtz type sound absorbing structure is formed has higher sound absorbing performance than the substrate itself depending on the frequency. When the recesses on the surface of the substrate have an irregular shape and the cross-sectional shape, depth, and volume vary, sound waves in a wide range can be absorbed, and in particular, 500 Hz to 2000 Hz, which is the main frequency band of conversation sound. It is possible to efficiently absorb sound waves in a wide band.

By installing a perforated plate as a substrate on an existing wall or ceiling and attaching a synthetic resin sheet on the perforated plate, sound absorption performance can be easily imparted to the existing building. When sound absorption is imparted by a perforated plate, the perforated plate is conventionally located on the outermost surface, and the joint between the hole and the adjacent perforated plate is visually recognizable, resulting in poor design. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is excellent in design by attaching a synthetic resin sheet to the surface of a perforated plate, and can maintain sound absorption by forming a Helmholtz type sound absorbing structure.

The interior material of the present invention is excellent in workability, designability, strength, and durability, and can be used as a ceiling finishing material and a wall finishing material. In addition, since it can absorb the main frequency band of conversation sound, it is suitable for conference rooms, office rooms, and the like.
By forming through holes in the synthetic resin sheet lined with the adhesive layer, it is possible to easily provide through holes penetrating the synthetic resin sheet and the adhesive layer. In addition, it can be manufactured by the roll-to-roll method and has excellent production efficiency.
When the synthetic resin sheet is attached to the substrate fitted as the interior structure of a building, no bubbles are formed, and the synthetic resin sheet can be easily attached even in places that are difficult to reach such as high places. It is easy and the construction period can be shortened.

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view according to a first embodiment of the interior material of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view according to a second embodiment of the interior material of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view according to a third embodiment of the interior material of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view according to a fourth embodiment of the interior material of the present invention. The graph which shows the measurement result of the vertical incident sound absorption coefficient of the interior material of Example 1, Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

The present invention relates to an interior material having an excellent design in which a synthetic resin sheet is attached to the surface of a substrate.
A partial cross-sectional view of the interior material of the present invention according to the first embodiment is shown in FIG.
In the interior material 101 according to the first embodiment, the synthetic resin sheet 4 is attached to the surface of the substrate 2 provided with a large number of irregularly shaped recesses 21 via the adhesive layer 5, and the synthetic resin sheet 4 is attached. And the adhesive layer 5 are provided with a large number of through holes 3 having a diameter of 0.5 mm or less that penetrate the two.

The substrate in the present invention includes molded glass wool, rock wool, etc., perforated wood wool cement board, gypsum board, cement board, etc., polyurethane foam resin, aluminum sintered board, etc., and laminates thereof. Can be used. In addition, concrete, glass fiber reinforced cement (GRC), autoclaved aerated concrete (ALC), iron plate, extruded cement plate, gypsum board, glass, and other rigid materials with recesses formed on the smooth surface. Alternatively, a perforated plate made of gypsum board or an iron plate can be used on the surface of these rigid materials.
The substrate is characterized by having a flat surface and having a large number of recesses. The method for flattening the surface of the substrate is not particularly limited. For example, in the case of a substrate made of gypsum board, polyurethane foam resin, or cement-based material, the substrate may be poured into a mold having a smooth surface and cured. The surface of the substrate obtained by molding glass wool or rock wool may be flattened by applying a synthetic resin paint or the like to the surface thereof. Further, the method of forming the concave portion is not particularly limited, and for example, the concave portion can be formed by embossing a substrate having a flat surface with an embossing roll or the like. Further, after forming the concave portion, painting may be performed again. Further, the painted surface may be sanded with sandpaper or the like. A primer may be applied to the painted surface in order to improve the adhesive strength between the substrate and the synthetic resin sheet.

The type of the synthetic resin sheet 4 can be used without particular limitation. For example, a synthetic resin sheet made of vinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, nylon or the like can be used. The thickness of the synthetic resin sheet 4 is usually about 0.1 mm or more and 3.0 mm or less.
An adhesive layer 5 is provided on one surface of the synthetic resin sheet 4. The type of the adhesive is not particularly limited, and conventionally known pressure-sensitive adhesives, heat-sensitive adhesives and the like can be used. The heat-sensitive adhesive is preferably a pressure-sensitive adhesive because if too much heat is applied, the fluidity becomes too large and the through holes 3 may be blocked during bonding. In addition, it is preferable to use an adhesive that does not contain volatile organic compounds such as formaldehyde that cause sick house syndrome.

The synthetic resin sheet 4 and the adhesive layer 5 are formed with a large number of through holes 3 that penetrate both of them. The shape of the through hole 3 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon. The through holes 3 may be provided on the entire surface of the synthetic resin sheet 4, and may be provided in a regular or random pattern. The number density of the through holes 3 is affected by the opening area ratio and the diameter of the through holes, but is usually in the range of 1 to 10000 pieces / cm ² .

The method of forming the through hole 3 penetrating the synthetic resin sheet 4 and the adhesive layer 5 is not limited, but after forming the adhesive layer 5 on one surface of the synthetic resin sheet 4, a laser, a needle, a drill or the like is used. By performing the drilling process, a through hole penetrating both can be efficiently formed. Among these, it is preferable to perform drilling with a laser because the position, size, and number of the through holes 3 can be easily adjusted.
The diameter of the through hole 3 penetrating the synthetic resin sheet 4 and the adhesive layer 5 is 0.5 mm or less. Here, when the shape of the through hole is not a circle, the diameter of the through hole means the largest diameter in the cross section in the direction parallel to the surface of the synthetic resin sheet. If the diameter is larger than 0.5 mm, the through holes 3 of the synthetic resin sheet 4 are conspicuous, so that the design is lowered, and the strength of the synthetic resin sheet is lowered, so that the synthetic resin sheet is easily torn. The diameter of the through hole 3 is preferably 0.02 mm or more. If the diameter is smaller than 0.02 mm, it is difficult to process and the cost is high. The diameters of the through holes 3 may be the same or different.

The opening area ratio, which is the ratio of the total area of the through holes 3 to the total area of the synthetic resin sheet 4, is preferably less than 5.0%. When the opening area ratio is 5% or more, the through holes 3 become conspicuous and the designability is lowered, and the strength of the synthetic resin sheet 4 is lowered and the synthetic resin sheet 4 is easily torn. The opening area ratio is preferably 4.0% or less, and more preferably 3.0% or less. The opening area ratio is preferably 0.1% or more. If the opening area ratio is smaller than 0.1%, it becomes difficult to remove air bubbles formed during bonding. The opening area ratio is more preferably 0.5% or more, and further preferably 1.0% or more.

In the present invention, the surface of the synthetic resin sheet 4 on the side where the adhesive layer 5 is not provided is the outermost surface of the interior material. Therefore, it is preferable to print or emboss the surface of the synthetic resin sheet 4 to enhance the design. By performing printing, embossing, or the like, the through holes 3 formed in the synthetic resin sheet 4 can be made more inconspicuous. Processing such as printing and embossing can be performed before or after drilling. Since the synthetic resin sheet 4 of the present invention has a small opening area ratio and a diameter of through holes and maintains strength that allows machining, it is possible to perform processing such as printing and embossing after drilling. However, if printing, embossing, or the like is performed after the drilling process, the through hole 3 may be crushed or filled. Therefore, it is preferable to perform the process before the hole drilling process.

In order to provide a through hole 3 penetrating the laminated body of the synthetic resin sheet 4 and the adhesive layer 5, an adhesive application step, a release paper bonding step, and a drilling process are performed on a long roll-shaped synthetic resin sheet base paper. Should be performed continuously. The above step is an example, and the release paper bonding step may be performed after the drilling process, or either or both of the printing step and the embossing step may be performed before the adhesive application step. By this method, a long roll of a laminated body having through holes 3 in which the synthetic resin sheet 4 / adhesive layer 5 / paper pattern is laminated in this order can be continuously produced by a so-called roll-to-roll. Excellent production efficiency.

The interior material 101 according to the first embodiment is formed by sticking a substrate 2 and a synthetic resin sheet 4 with an adhesive layer 5. The surface of the substrate 2 excluding the recess 21 is flat, and the depths of the recess 21 may be the same or may vary. When the depths of the recesses 21 are the same, the sound absorption performance can be greatly improved in the low frequency band. If the depth of the recess 21 is varied, the sound absorption performance can be improved in a wide frequency band. Since the substrate 2 is attached to the synthetic resin sheet 4 at a flat portion excluding the recess 21, the substrate 2 and the synthetic resin sheet 4 are firmly attached to each other. The interior material 101 according to the first embodiment is excellent in strength and durability because the synthetic resin sheet 4 is not easily peeled off from the substrate 2. Further, since the synthetic resin sheet 4 and the substrate 2 are bonded to each other in a wide area excluding the recess 21, the adhesive layer 5 does not deform and close the through hole 3 at the time of bonding because it is not necessary to strongly press and bond them. ..

In the interior material 101 according to the first embodiment, although the recess 21 provided on the surface of the substrate 2 for exhibiting the sound absorbing performance is covered with the synthetic resin sheet 4, the substrate 2 itself depends on the frequency. Has higher sound absorption performance than. This is because the interior material 101 has the sound absorbing performance of the Helmholtz type sound absorbing structure 6 in addition to the sound absorbing performance of the recess 21 of the substrate 2. The Helmholtz type sound absorbing structure 6 included in the interior material 101 will be described in detail below.

In the interior material 101 according to the first embodiment, the portion of the recess 21 on the surface of the substrate 2 is not bonded to the synthetic resin sheet 4. Therefore, when the recess 21 of the substrate 2 is located behind the through hole 3 penetrating the synthetic resin sheet 4 and the adhesive layer 5, the through hole 3 and the recess 21 communicate with each other, and the air in the through hole 3 is mass-weighted and recessed. A so-called Helmholtz-type sound absorbing structure 6 is formed by using the air of 21 and the air in the substrate as springs. When a sound wave of a specific frequency hits the Helmholtz type sound absorbing structure 6, the air near the through hole 3 vibrates, and the vibration energy is converted into thermal energy by the viscous loss, and the sound wave of the specific frequency is absorbed.
The frequency and sound absorption coefficient of the sound absorbed by the Helmholtz type sound absorbing structure 6 vary depending on the cross-sectional area and depth of the through hole 3, the cross-sectional shape of the recess 21, the depth, the volume, and the thickness of the substrate 2. The recess 21 of the substrate 2 used in the present invention may have either a regular shape or an irregular shape, but has an irregular shape, and the cross-sectional shape, depth, volume, etc. are not constant and vary. It is preferable to have. When the concave portion 21 has an irregular shape, the sound range that can be absorbed by the Helmholtz type sound absorbing structure 6 is wide, and a wide band sound wave of 500 Hz to 2000 Hz, which is the main frequency band of conversation sound, can be efficiently absorbed. .. The interior material 101 of the present invention can efficiently absorb the frequency band of conversation sound, and can give an appearance such as wood grain or marble by printing or embossing. Therefore, the conference room, the reception room, and the like. It can be suitably used in a classroom, an office room, or the like.

In the interior material 101 according to the first embodiment, when the substrate 2 and the synthetic resin sheet 4 are bonded together so that the Helmholtz type sound absorbing structure 6 is effectively formed, the recess 21 of the synthetic resin sheet 4 is formed. It is preferable that the covering portion has one or more through holes 3. One More specifically, when the area of the recess 21 and 1 / Xcm, ^2, the number density of the through holes 3 when the X-number / cm ² or more, in one portion covering the recess 21 of the synthetic resin sheet 4 The above through hole 3 will be located. In the present invention, since a commercially available substrate 2 can be used, a through hole 3 is provided in the synthetic resin sheet 4 so that the number density is larger than the reciprocal of the average area of the recesses 21 of these commercially available substrates. Just do it.

Here, since the molded rock wool exemplified as one of the substrates 2 is inferior in strength, the molded rock wool substrate 2 is rarely used as a wall material that often comes into contact with people or objects, and the ceiling. It was often used as a material. On the other hand, the interior material 101 according to the first embodiment can be used not only as a ceiling finishing material but also as a wall finishing material because the substrate 2 is protected by the synthetic resin sheet 4. The wall finishing material is required to have a design property as compared with the ceiling finishing material, but the interior material 101, which is the first embodiment, can be improved in design property by printing or the like. Further, by applying a hard coat treatment or the like to the surface of the synthetic resin sheet 4, the scratch resistance can be further improved. Further, the synthetic resin sheet 4 and the substrate 2 may be provided with a deodorant function, an antifungal function, an antifouling function, a humidity control function and the like.

The interior material 101 according to the first embodiment is a roll-shaped synthetic resin sheet 4 having a release paper on the adhesive layer 5 after the panel-shaped substrate 2 is fitted on the wall surface or the ceiling surface at the construction site. The work can be carried out simply by cutting out the laminate with the adhesive layer 5 by a predetermined length, peeling off the release paper, and then attaching it to the substrate 2. The synthetic resin sheet 4 and the adhesive layer 5 are formed with through holes 3 penetrating both of them, and when the synthetic resin sheet 4 and the adhesive layer 5 are attached to the substrate 2, air escapes from the through holes 3 and no bubbles are formed. Therefore, it can be easily attached to the ceiling or in a hard-to-reach place without worrying about the formation of air bubbles, and the amount of reattachment work is reduced, so that the construction period can be shortened. ..

A partial cross-sectional view of the interior material of the present invention in the second embodiment is shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the same members as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals.
The interior material 102 according to the second embodiment is made of a rigid material such as concrete, and has a regularly shaped recess 71 formed on the surface of the base 7 having no sound absorbing property, and the base 7 is used. It is the same as the first embodiment except that it was.
In the interior material 102 according to the second embodiment, the substrate 7 does not have sound absorbing property, but a Helmholtz type sound absorbing sound is absorbed by forming a recess 71 and attaching a synthetic resin sheet 4 having a through hole 3 from above. Sound absorption performance due to the structure 6 can be imparted. In the second embodiment, the recess 71 may have an irregular shape.

Partial cross-sectional views of the interior materials of the present invention in the third and fourth embodiments are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, respectively. In FIGS. 3 and 4, the same members as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals.
In the interior material 103 according to the third embodiment, the perforated plate 9 is directly attached to the sound insulation structure wall 8 in which two layers of gypsum board are attached to both sides of the glass wool board or the air layer, and the synthetic resin sheet 4 is further attached. It is pasted together. In the interior material 104 according to the fourth embodiment, a perforated plate 9 having sound absorbing property is installed on a wall 10 made of a rigid material such as concrete via a base material 11 as in the conventional case, and further. A synthetic resin sheet 4 is attached to the perforated plate 9. In the interior material 104 according to the fourth embodiment, an air layer exists between the wall 10 and the base material 11.
In the interior materials 103 and 104 according to the third and fourth embodiments, the holes 91 provided in the perforated plate 9 are used in the existing sound insulation structure wall 8 and the wall 10 by constructing the perforated plate 9 as the base. The Helmholtz type sound absorbing structure 6 can be formed, and the sound absorbing performance can be imparted.

"Example 1"
A synthetic resin made of vinyl chloride in which through holes having a diameter of 0.4 mm are uniformly provided so as to have an opening area ratio of 1.4% on a substrate made of rock wool in which a large number of irregularly shaped recesses are formed on the surface. Sheets were pasted together to form interior material 1. The substrate and the synthetic resin sheet were easily bonded and could be quickly bonded.

"Comparative Example 1"
The interior material 2 was used in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a synthetic resin sheet having no through holes formed on the surface was used. When bonding the substrate and the synthetic resin sheet, it was necessary to be careful not to form air bubbles inside.
"Comparative Example 2"
The substrate used in Example 1 was used as the interior material 3.

The vertical incident sound absorption coefficient of the interior materials 1 to 3 was measured according to JIS A1405-2.
The measurement results are shown in FIG.

Example 1, which is the interior material 1 of the present invention, showed excellent sound absorption even though a synthetic resin sheet that reflects sound was attached to the surface of the substrate. This is because the sound waves are absorbed by the Helmholtz-type sound absorbing structure formed by the through hole penetrating the synthetic resin sheet and the adhesive layer, the recess located behind the through hole, and the substrate. It was confirmed that the interior material of the present invention used in Example 1 has high sound absorption performance in a wide frequency band, and that the shape of the recesses on the surface of the substrate varies, so that the frequency band in which sound is absorbed can be widened. It was. Further, since the diameter of the through hole is as small as 0.4 mm and the opening area ratio is as small as 1.4%, the through hole cannot be confirmed with the naked eye unless it is brought very close.

The interior material 2 of Comparative Example 1 is obtained by laminating a synthetic resin sheet having no through holes formed on a substrate having a recess. The interior material 2 of Comparative Example 1 had a very low sound absorption performance, and its vertically incident sound absorption coefficient was 0.1 or less in most frequency bands of 100 to 5000 Hz. This is because the sound is reflected on the synthetic resin sheet that covers the substrate.
The interior material 3 of Comparative Example 2 is composed of only a substrate having a recess. The interior material 3 of Comparative Example 2 exhibits a sound absorbing effect by vibrating and dissipating the air in the gaps between the substrates by the sound waves incident on the recesses formed in the substrate, and is in the range of 100 to 1200 Hz. The sound absorption performance was inferior to that of Example 1.

101 Interior material 2 base 21 irregularly shaped recess 3 through hole 4 synthetic resin sheet 5 adhesive layer 6 Helmholtz type sound absorbing structure according to the first embodiment.

102 Interior material 7 base 71 according to the second embodiment 71 Regularly shaped recesses

103 Interior material 8 of the third embodiment Sound insulation structure wall 9 Perforated plate (base)
91 holes

104 Interior material 10 wall 11 base material according to the fourth embodiment

Claims (4)

A synthetic resin sheet is attached to the surface of the substrate provided with many recesses via an adhesive layer.
The synthetic resin sheet and the adhesive layer are provided with a large number of through holes having a diameter of 0.5 mm or less that penetrate the synthetic resin sheet and the adhesive layer .
A synthetic resin paint is applied to the surface of the substrate obtained by molding glass wool or rock wool, and the coated surface of the synthetic resin paint is sanded.
The recess has an irregular shape in which the cross-sectional shape, depth, and volume are not constant and vary.
An interior material having a Helmholtz-type sound absorbing structure in which the air in the through hole is the mass and the air in the recess is a spring (however, the recesses are parallel to each other at predetermined intervals, and the neck portion and the body portion are formed. Except for those that have grooves). The interior material according to claim 1, wherein the synthetic resin sheet has through holes formed in a state where an adhesive layer is provided. A ceiling finishing material or a wall finishing material comprising the interior material according to claim 1 or 2 . A synthetic resin sheet having an adhesive layer on one surface and provided with a large number of through holes having a diameter of 0.5 mm or less penetrating to the adhesive layer.
This is an interior material construction method in which the adhesive layer is applied to a substrate provided with a large number of recesses .
A synthetic resin paint is applied to the surface of the substrate obtained by molding glass wool or rock wool, and the coated surface of the synthetic resin paint is sanded.
The recess has an irregular shape in which the cross-sectional shape, depth, and volume are not constant and vary.
An interior material construction method characterized in that a Helmholtz-type sound absorbing structure is configured in which the air in the through hole is the mass and the air in the recess is a spring (however, the recesses are parallel to each other at predetermined intervals, and the neck and the fuselage are formed. Except for those that are grooves with parts).

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