JP6808263B2

JP6808263B2 - Ships with cavities for air

Info

Publication number: JP6808263B2
Application number: JP2017555206A
Authority: JP
Inventors: バイステッド、スティグ
Original assignee: ステナレデリアクチエボラグ
Priority date: 2015-01-13
Filing date: 2016-01-07
Publication date: 2021-01-06
Anticipated expiration: 2036-01-07
Also published as: KR20170102894A; SE1550022A1; JP2018502015A; CN107428394B; SE539235C2; KR102463807B1; CN107428394A; WO2016114705A1

Description

本発明は、平らな船底部に設けられた抵抗低減用の空隙であって、下部には水が満たされ、上部には空気が充填される、該空隙を有する船舶に関する。 The present invention relates to a ship having a gap for reducing resistance provided on a flat bottom of a ship, the lower portion of which is filled with water and the upper portion of which is filled with air.

すべての船舶構造における重要なパラメータの１つは、速度と出力の関係である。通常の商船の場合、摩擦抵抗、すなわち水中船体と水との間の摩擦は、船舶の全抵抗の概ね支配的な部分である。速度が高い場合、例えば高速船の場合のみ、波の抵抗が非常に重要になる。異なるタイプの表面構造を用いて及び異なるタイプの空気潤滑で、摩擦抵抗に影響を与える試みがなされている。しかし、これまでの従来の船舶について結果は悪いものであった。 One of the important parameters in all ship structures is the relationship between speed and power. In the case of a normal merchant ship, frictional resistance, the friction between the underwater hull and water, is largely the dominant part of the total resistance of the ship. Wave resistance becomes very important only at high speeds, for example high speed craft. Attempts have been made to affect frictional resistance using different types of surface structures and with different types of air lubrication. However, the results have been poor for conventional vessels.

摩擦抵抗を減少させる別の方法は、濡れ表面の面積を減少させることである。濡れ表面は、速度がゼロのときに周囲の水と接触する船体の一部である。これは、平らな船底の一部が、部分的に空気で満たされた空隙として構成されるという事実によって起こり得る。空隙の下部は水で満たされ、上部は空気で満たされる。以下、同じ上部は、空気室と称する。空気から水を分離する面を境界面と称する。船舶が前進するので、空気の一部は、下の水流によって持ち去られる。流出した空気は、新しい供給された空気で空気室に補給されなければならず、この補給は空気室の前縁及び上部で適宜行われる。水中船体及び空隙は、分離及び乱流を生じさせないために、よく適合された形状でなければならない。さもなければ分離、空隙内の乱流及び空気室内の波の発生により、減少した濡れ表面によって達成され得る抵抗の減少度が著しく小さくなる可能性がある。 Another way to reduce frictional resistance is to reduce the area of the wet surface. The wet surface is the part of the hull that comes into contact with the surrounding water at zero speed. This can be caused by the fact that part of the flat bottom is composed of voids that are partially filled with air. The lower part of the void is filled with water and the upper part is filled with air. Hereinafter, the same upper part is referred to as an air chamber. The surface that separates water from air is called the interface. As the vessel moves forward, some of the air is taken away by the water stream below. The spilled air must be replenished to the air chamber with freshly supplied air, which is appropriately performed at the front edge and top of the air chamber. The underwater hull and voids must be of a well-fitted shape to prevent separation and turbulence. Otherwise separation, turbulence in the voids and the generation of waves in the air chamber can significantly reduce the degree of resistance reduction that can be achieved with the reduced wet surface.

船体及び空隙の適切な形状及び空隙の下縁付近に位置する空気／水位の境界面により、濡れ表面の減少に比例した抵抗の減少が得られる。そのような適切な船体形状は、特許文献１（国際公開第２０１０／０３３０５８号）に開示されている。 The proper shape of the hull and voids and the air / water level interface located near the lower edge of the voids provide a reduction in resistance proportional to the reduction in wet surfaces. Such an appropriate hull shape is disclosed in Patent Document 1 (International Publication No. 2010/033058).

船舶が外洋を移動するとき、船舶の横方向のローリング運動、すなわち船舶の中心線の長手方向軸を中心とする往復回転運動や、ピッチ運動、すなわち船体の中央点の水平横軸周りの往復回転運動や、両運動の組み合わせが生じることがあり、それにより空気は空隙の横の最も高い位置にある側に流出する。ローリング運動時の空気流出は、長手方向に仕切られた隔壁を用いて空隙を分割することによって、ある程度まで減少させることができる。しかし、ピッチ方向の運動時の空気流出を減少させるために長手方向の仕切り壁を用いた縦方向の空隙の分割は、結果的に抵抗が増大した新たな乱流を生じさせるので、良い解決策ではない。上記の２つの運動の結果は、境界面が空隙の下端付近に保持されず、より高い位置で終わることを意味する。 When a ship moves in the open sea, the lateral rolling motion of the vessel, that is, the reciprocating rotational motion around the longitudinal axis of the center line of the vessel, and the pitch motion, that is, the reciprocating rotation around the horizontal horizontal axis of the center point of the hull. Movements or a combination of both movements can occur, causing air to flow to the highest side next to the void. Air outflow during rolling motion can be reduced to some extent by partitioning the voids with longitudinally partitioned bulkheads. However, the division of longitudinal voids with longitudinal partition walls to reduce airflow during pitch motion is a good solution as it results in new turbulence with increased resistance. is not. The result of the above two movements means that the interface is not held near the lower end of the void and ends at a higher position.

空隙の既知の形状は、これまで、鋭い縁部の形態で空隙への入口を有する形状とされていた。上述したような何らかの理由で境界面が空隙の下端より少し上に位置すると、空隙入口の水圧と空気室の空気圧との圧力差が得られる。この圧力差は空気室での波の発生を引き起こす。この波の発生にはエネルギーを必要とし、抵抗の減少がかなり低減され、境界面が高い位置にあるとき完全に排除される。この結果として、今日の技術を用いた抵抗の減少は、境界面がボイドの下端付近に位置する場合、すなわち海の状態が非常におだやかで、船舶のキールが平らに近い場合にのみ得られる。 The known shape of the void has so far been a shape with an entrance to the void in the form of a sharp edge. If the boundary surface is located slightly above the lower end of the void for some reason as described above, a pressure difference between the water pressure at the inlet of the void and the air pressure in the air chamber can be obtained. This pressure difference causes the generation of waves in the air chamber. The generation of this wave requires energy, the reduction in resistance is significantly reduced and is completely eliminated when the interface is high. As a result, the reduction in resistance using today's technology is only available when the interface is located near the bottom edge of the void, i.e. when the sea conditions are very mild and the vessel keel is nearly flat.

国際公開第２０１０／０３３０５８号International Publication No. 2010/033058 米国特許第６５７５１０６号明細書U.S. Pat. No. 6,575,106

本発明の主な目的は、空隙入口の手段により、境界面が空気空隙の下端より高く位置していても空気室での波の発生を低減し、最も好ましくはそれを排除するように構成された船舶を提供することである。抵抗の減少は、異なるトリムでも、船舶が海の状態の影響である程度動いたとしても得ることができる。 A main object of the present invention is to reduce the generation of waves in the air chamber even if the boundary surface is located higher than the lower end of the air void by means of the void inlet, and most preferably to eliminate it. To provide a vessel. The reduction in resistance can be obtained with different trims, even if the vessel moves to some extent under the influence of sea conditions.

前記目的は、本発明による船舶によって達成され、本発明の船舶は、
水流を前記船舶の前部から前記空洞の前部に向けるための手段が配設され、
前記手段は、前記船底部から、好適には水平レベルから始まり、前記船舶の後方に延びる湾曲部及び／または前記船舶の長手方向に後方かつ上方に傾斜し、前記空隙の天井に向かって延びている傾斜面からなり、
開口の形態の空気ギャップは、前記湾曲部または前記傾斜面に、またはそのなかに位置し、
前記空気ギャップから前記湾曲部または前記傾斜面の下の空間に空気流が生成されるように、前記空気ギャップに空気を供給するための複数の空気発生手段が配設されることを特徴とする。 The object is achieved by the vessel according to the invention, the vessel of the invention is:
Means are provided to direct the stream of water from the front of the vessel to the front of the cavity.
The means extends from the bottom of the vessel, preferably at a horizontal level, to a curved portion extending rearward of the vessel and / or to the longitudinal direction of the vessel and upwards and towards the ceiling of the void. Consists of a sloping surface
The air gap in the form of an opening is located on or within the curved portion or the inclined surface.
A plurality of air generating means for supplying air to the air gap are arranged so that an air flow is generated from the air gap in the space under the curved portion or the inclined surface. ..

尚、米国特許第６５７５１０６号明細書（特許文献２）に示されている構成の目的は、本発明によるものとは全く異なるものである。これに関して説明すると、この文献の開示内容では前部船体の湾曲部から形成される負圧を利用して、パッシブな空気室から空隙を介して空気を吸引しようとする。そして、この空気が、文献には説明のない何らかの方法で空気の遅れによって圧力が上昇されなければならない。この増加した圧力は、キャビティを空気で満たすはずである。従って、空気室を満たすために船舶の速度が利用されるべきという発想である。これは、永遠に機能しない永久運動機関のように思われ、その効果が疑わしい。しかし、本発明によれば、空気が押し込まれ、空気室内の波の発生を低減させる。 The purpose of the configuration shown in US Pat. No. 6,575,106 (Patent Document 2) is completely different from that according to the present invention. Explaining this, the disclosure of this document attempts to draw air from a passive air chamber through a void using the negative pressure formed from the curved portion of the front hull. The pressure of this air must then be increased by the delay of the air in some way not described in the literature. This increased pressure should fill the cavity with air. Therefore, the idea is that the speed of the ship should be used to fill the air chamber. This seems to be a permanent movement institution that does not function forever, and its effect is questionable. However, according to the present invention, air is pushed in and the generation of waves in the air chamber is reduced.

従って、本発明は、上述したように、空気が押し込まれ、空気室における波の発生を低減させるという効果に基づくものである。 Therefore, the present invention is based on the effect that air is pushed in and the generation of waves in the air chamber is reduced, as described above.

本発明によれば、前記隙間への入り口である鋭い縁部が、船舶の長手方向に傾斜する概ね平坦な傾斜面並びに湾曲部によって置き換えられる。湾曲部及び傾斜面は、空隙への水の流れを制御する。湾曲部は、好適には、ベースラインの平坦な底部であり、好ましくは前部の球状部の端部を構成するものであり得る水平レベルから始まる。湾曲部及び傾斜面の端部は、主に水平面に対して同じ角度を有するべきである。この角度はまた、問題の速度で分離を生じる角度よりも小さい角度であるべきである。同様に、円弧状であり得る湾曲部は、分離を生じないように選択されるべきである。この解決手段は、特に非常に低速で、かつ境界面が高すぎる位置に配置されていないときに、空気チャンバ内の波の発生を少なくする。これらの条件を超えると、傾斜面に沿った水の流れが境界面に達するときに波が発生する危険性がある。屈曲面及び傾斜面は、代替的手段として、及び組み合わせとして選択することができる。 According to the present invention, the sharp edge that is the entrance to the gap is replaced by a generally flat inclined surface and curved portion that incline in the longitudinal direction of the ship. Curved parts and inclined surfaces control the flow of water into the voids. The bend is preferably a flat bottom of the baseline, preferably starting at a horizontal level that may constitute the end of the front spherical portion. The curved and inclined edges should primarily have the same angle with respect to the horizontal plane. This angle should also be less than the angle that causes the separation at the speed in question. Similarly, curved parts that can be arcuate should be selected so as not to cause separation. This solution reduces the generation of waves in the air chamber, especially when it is very slow and the interface is not located too high. Beyond these conditions, there is a risk of waves being generated when the flow of water along the slope reaches the interface. Bent and inclined surfaces can be selected as alternatives and in combination.

従って、前側に位置する追加の空気室は、湾曲部及び／または傾斜面の上方に形成され、上記空気発生手段は、上記空気ギャップの前側の空気室である。 Therefore, the additional air chamber located on the front side is formed above the curved portion and / or the inclined surface, and the air generating means is the air chamber on the front side of the air gap.

追加の前側の空気室が空気で満たされると、その空気は前側の空気室の下端の横方向に向けられた空気ギャップを通って流出し、空気流は傾斜した平面の下に空気層を形成する。この装置はいくつかの重要な利点をもたらす。傾斜面の下の空気層は、湿った表面を更に減らす。更に、傾斜面の下の空気層は圧力差を均等にするので、境界面に達したときには、この効果は大きな波を形成することなく得られる。この解決手段は、より高速の場合、水位が高いために境界面がより高い位置に配置されるように強制される場合に適用することができ。また、コアンダ効果は、傾斜面の下の空気層の影響を受ける。この場合はまた、曲率半径がゼロになるまで曲率を大きくすることで、ギャップの前方に負圧を発生させることができる。このようにして、空気ギャップを通る空気流を増加させることができる。 When the additional front air chamber is filled with air, that air flows out through a laterally oriented air gap at the bottom edge of the front air chamber, and the airflow forms an air layer beneath a sloping plane. To do. This device offers several important advantages. The air layer below the slope further reduces the moist surface. Moreover, the air layer below the sloping surface equalizes the pressure difference, so when the interface is reached, this effect is obtained without forming large waves. This solution can be applied at higher speeds when the higher water levels force the interface to be placed higher. Also, the Coanda effect is affected by the air layer below the slope. In this case, a negative pressure can be generated in front of the gap by increasing the curvature until the radius of curvature becomes zero. In this way, the air flow through the air gap can be increased.

本発明は、多くの好ましい実施形態を例としてあげて機能及び実施の形態について説明されており、添付の図面は全て船の中心線の垂直断面図である。 The present invention describes the functions and embodiments by taking many preferred embodiments as examples, and the accompanying drawings are all vertical cross-sectional views of the centerline of the ship.

図１は、船体の船底部の船首部に適用された本発明による装置を有する船舶を概略的に示す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a ship having the device according to the present invention applied to the bow of the bottom of the hull. 図１Ａは、船体の船底部の船首部に適用された本発明による装置を有する船舶を概略的に示す断面図である。FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a ship having the device according to the present invention applied to the bow of the bottom of the hull. 図１Ｂは、船体の船底部の船首部に適用された本発明による装置を有する船舶を概略的に示す断面図である。FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a ship having the device according to the present invention applied to the bow of the bottom of the hull. 図１Ｃは、船体の船底部の船首部に適用された本発明による装置を有する船舶を概略的に示す断面図である。FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a ship having the device according to the present invention applied to the bow of the bottom of the hull. 図２は、追加の空気室を有する空隙の前部を拡大して示す断面図である。FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the front portion of the void having an additional air chamber. 図３は、追加の空気室を有する空隙の前部を拡大して示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the front portion of the void having an additional air chamber. 図４は、図５及び図６とともに、代替的な空気供給手段の異なる実施例を示す断面図である。FIG. 4, along with FIGS. 5 and 6, is a cross-sectional view showing different embodiments of alternative air supply means. 図５は、図４及び図５とともに、代替的な空気供給手段の異なる実施例を示す断面図である。FIG. 5, along with FIGS. 4 and 5, is a cross-sectional view showing different embodiments of alternative air supply means. 図６は、図４及び図５とともに、代替的な空気供給手段の異なる実施例を示す断面図である。FIG. 6, along with FIGS. 4 and 5, is a cross-sectional view showing different embodiments of alternative air supply means. 図７は、空隙及びダクトの断面図である。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the gap and the duct. 図８は、空隙及びダクトの断面図である。FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the gap and the duct.

図１は、本発明の第１の実施形態を示す。図は、本発明による装置を備えた船舶の中心線の垂直断面を示す。追加の前側の空気室８は、空気ダクト２６を介してファンまたはポンプ２７によって従来の方法によって空気で満たされる。空気は空気ギャップ７を通って流出し、空気流は、傾斜面６の下側を通り、船の下の空隙４内の空気室４０まで流れる。この空気室で圧力が上昇し、空気／水の境界面が、圧力のバランスが生じる水準、または空隙の端部に沿って空気が排出され、流出と空気の流入との間にバランスが生じるレベルまで下がる。船舶がほとんど動いておらず、キールがほぼ水平、すなわち、トリムが殆どない場合、そのバランス点はベースラインに非常に近い境界面で生じる。しかし、船舶が動いている場合、より高いレベルで空気流のバランスが生ずる。 FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention. The figure shows a vertical cross section of a centerline of a ship equipped with the device according to the invention. The additional front air chamber 8 is filled with air by a conventional method by a fan or pump 27 via an air duct 26. Air flows out through the air gap 7 and the air flow passes under the slope 6 to the air chamber 40 in the void 4 under the ship. The pressure rises in this air chamber and the air / water interface is at a level where pressure balance occurs, or at a level where air is expelled along the edge of the void and a balance is created between the outflow and the inflow of air. Go down to. If the vessel is barely moving and the keel is nearly horizontal, i.e. with little trim, the balance point occurs at the interface very close to the baseline. However, when the vessel is in motion, a higher level of airflow balance occurs.

図１Ａは、図１の代替的実施形態を示し、この実施形態では空気圧のバランスが空気の排出なしに境界面のより高いレベルで得られる。渦と波の生成を伴わない空気／水の境界面を得るためには、前部船体の形状が非常に重要である。前部船体は、できるだけ中心線に平行な流線で水流を与えなければならない。この流れは、それが上から下に流れるとき、そして例えば球状部２９の下側に達するとき、負圧を生成する。前記負圧は、水の流れが上記の湾曲部５に沿って上方に移動するときに更に増強される。これは、前側の空気室８内の比較的低い正の圧力でも、空気が空気ギャップ７を介して吸引／押し出しされることを意味する。空気は傾斜面６の下側に沿って流れる。境界面に達すると、空隙４の上方の空気室の圧力が増加する。従って、システムのバランスをとるために、傾斜面６の後側に開口９が開いており、空気は前側の空気室８に戻って流れる。従って、湾曲部５後の負圧に応じて、傾斜面６の周りに循環が生じる。空隙４の縁に沿って空気が漏れない場合、境界面のレベルは前側の空気室８内の空気圧のみによって決定され、追加の空気が空気ダクト２６を通して供給される必要はない。 FIG. 1A shows an alternative embodiment of FIG. 1, in which an air pressure balance is obtained at a higher level of the interface without air discharge. The shape of the front hull is very important to obtain an air / water interface without vortex and wave generation. The front hull should provide water flow with a streamline as parallel to the centerline as possible. This flow creates a negative pressure when it flows from top to bottom, and reaches, for example, below the spherical portion 29. The negative pressure is further enhanced as the water flow moves upward along the curvature 5. This means that air is sucked / pushed out through the air gap 7 even at a relatively low positive pressure in the front air chamber 8. Air flows along the underside of the inclined surface 6. When reaching the interface, the pressure in the air chamber above the void 4 increases. Therefore, in order to balance the system, an opening 9 is opened on the rear side of the inclined surface 6, and air flows back to the air chamber 8 on the front side. Therefore, circulation occurs around the inclined surface 6 according to the negative pressure after the curved portion 5. If no air leaks along the edge of the void 4, the level of the interface is determined solely by the air pressure in the front air chamber 8 and no additional air needs to be supplied through the air duct 26.

図１Ｂは、図１Ａの代替的実施形態を示す。船体形状と湾曲部がその湾曲部の下で十分な負圧を生じさせていなくても、上記と同様の効果を得ることができる。傾斜面６の後端部は、空隙４の天井まで達して密閉されている。追加の前側の空気室８はファン２７またはポンプを用いる従来の方法によって空気ダクト２６を通して供給された空気で満たされる。空気は空気ギャップ７を通して流出し、空気は空隙４内の空気室まで傾斜面６の下側に沿って進む。圧力は、更にこの空気室を増大させることを目的としているが、空隙４には独自の空気導管ダクト５４が設けられており、ファン５３で追加の空気を吸い込むことができ、所望のレベルの境界面が得られる。船舶が空隙の縁部に沿って大量の漏洩空気を伴う大きな動きを受ける場合、この漏洩空気は、同じ空気導管ダクト５４を通る空気の注入によって補償され得る。 FIG. 1B shows an alternative embodiment of FIG. 1A. The same effect as described above can be obtained even if the hull shape and the curved portion do not generate sufficient negative pressure under the curved portion. The rear end portion of the inclined surface 6 reaches the ceiling of the gap 4 and is sealed. The additional front air chamber 8 is filled with air supplied through the air duct 26 by a conventional method using a fan 27 or a pump. The air flows out through the air gap 7 and the air travels along the underside of the inclined surface 6 to the air chamber in the void 4. Although the pressure is intended to further increase this air chamber, the void 4 is provided with its own air conduit duct 54, which allows the fan 53 to draw in additional air, a boundary of the desired level. A face is obtained. If the vessel undergoes a large movement with a large amount of leaked air along the edge of the void, this leaked air can be compensated for by injecting air through the same air conduit duct 54.

図１Ｃは、図１Ｂの代替的実施形態を示す。前側の空気室８には、横方向隔壁５０が導入されている。図１Ｂのファン５３を有する空気導管ダクト５４は、横方向隔壁５０の空間後部に移動され、図１Ｃにおいて、ファン５２を有するダクト５１として示されている。傾斜面６は、その後方側に開口９を有する。同じ機能及び利点は、図１Ｂに記載された代替実施形態と同様に得られる。このとき、ファン５２に空気を吸入させて前側の８の前部に直接送風することも可能である。その結果は、代替案１Ａと同様の機能となる。従って、前側の空気室８の前後はそれぞれ異なる圧力を有するべきである。前側は、傾斜面６の下での連続的な空気流を確実にするのに十分に高い圧力を有するべきである。しかし、後半部は、所望の境界面レベルに対応する圧力を有するべきである。 FIG. 1C shows an alternative embodiment of FIG. 1B. A lateral partition wall 50 is introduced in the air chamber 8 on the front side. The air conduit duct 54 with the fan 53 of FIG. 1B has been moved to the space rear of the lateral bulkhead 50 and is shown in FIG. 1C as the duct 51 with the fan 52. The inclined surface 6 has an opening 9 on the rear side thereof. The same functionality and advantages are obtained similar to the alternative embodiments described in FIG. 1B. At this time, it is also possible to let the fan 52 suck air and blow air directly to the front part of 8 on the front side. The result is the same function as alternative 1A. Therefore, the front and rear air chambers 8 on the front side should have different pressures. The anterior side should have a pressure high enough to ensure a continuous air flow under the slope 6. However, the second half should have a pressure corresponding to the desired interface level.

図２は、前側の空気室８の拡大図であり、傾斜面６及び傾斜面の後側にある開口９を有する。ファン２７は、空気ダクト２６を介して空気を空気室８に供給する。空気流１０は、空気室８から空気ギャップ７を通して流れ、傾斜面６の下側に従った空気層を形成する。 FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the air chamber 8 on the front side, and has an inclined surface 6 and an opening 9 on the rear side of the inclined surface. The fan 27 supplies air to the air chamber 8 through the air duct 26. The air flow 10 flows from the air chamber 8 through the air gap 7 and forms an air layer along the underside of the inclined surface 6.

図３は前側の空気室８の一例の拡大図を示す。空隙４は空隙の天井１によって上方が制限され、空隙の下端、この例ではいわゆるベースライン２によって下方が制限される。湾曲部５は、例えば球状部の端部よりやや後方においてベースライン２上で水平方向に開始している。湾曲部５の後端５Ａは、傾斜面６と同じ水平面に対して主に同じ角度を有する。傾斜面６の前／下側の端部６Ａは、湾曲部の後端５Ａの前方及び若干上方に配置されている。このようにして、空気ギャップ７は空気流１０に傾斜面６の下側に沿った後進方向を与える。ステムから来る水流２３は、湾曲部５に沿って流れ、次に前記空気流１０によって傾斜面から分離される。水流２８の圧力が空気流１０の圧力に一致するとき、境界面３に大きな波振幅３０が形成されることなく、空隙内の大きな空気室に達する。 FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of an example of the air chamber 8 on the front side. The void 4 is restricted upward by the ceiling 1 of the void and below by the lower end of the void, in this example the so-called baseline 2. The curved portion 5 starts horizontally on the baseline 2, for example, slightly behind the end of the spherical portion. The rear end 5A of the curved portion 5 has mainly the same angle with respect to the same horizontal plane as the inclined surface 6. The front / lower end 6A of the inclined surface 6 is arranged in front of and slightly above the rear end 5A of the curved portion. In this way, the air gap 7 gives the airflow 10 a backward direction along the underside of the inclined surface 6. The water stream 23 coming from the stem flows along the curved portion 5 and is then separated from the inclined surface by the air stream 10. When the pressure of the water stream 28 matches the pressure of the air stream 10, it reaches a large air chamber in the void without forming a large wave amplitude 30 on the interface 3.

図４〜図８には、本発明の異なる改変実施形態が示されている。 4 to 8 show different modified embodiments of the present invention.

図４には、湾曲部を有していない傾斜面６を通して空気ギャップ７が延び、ファン２７を備えた空気ダクト２６が設けられている形態が示されている。 FIG. 4 shows a mode in which an air gap 7 extends through an inclined surface 6 having no curved portion, and an air duct 26 provided with a fan 27 is provided.

図５は、ファン２７が設けられ、追加の前側の空気室が存在しない空気ダクト２６の端部に空気ギャップ７が直接形成される形態を示している。 FIG. 5 shows a form in which the air gap 7 is directly formed at the end of the air duct 26 in which the fan 27 is provided and the additional front air chamber does not exist.

図６には、傾斜面６の上端部に位置する開口９、並びに傾斜面６上に更に前方に位置する、空気室８からの空気のための出口スロットとしての空気ギャップ７を有する形態が示されている。 FIG. 6 shows a form having an opening 9 located at the upper end of the inclined surface 6 and an air gap 7 as an outlet slot for air from the air chamber 8 located further forward on the inclined surface 6. Has been done.

図７及び図８は、船舶の長さ方向の延長部を横切って延びるスロット状の空気ギャップ７に達する１つ以上の空気ダクト２６が接続した形態を示している。 7 and 8 show a form in which one or more air ducts 26 reach a slot-shaped air gap 7 extending across an extension in the length direction of the ship.

本発明による前記装置の性質及び機能は、以上の記載及び図面に示された内容から理解され明白であろうが、本発明は当然のことながら、上記の及び添付の図面に示す実施形態に限定されない。本発明は、特許請求の範囲の請求項によって特定される本発明の範囲から逸脱することなく、様々な構成要素または均等な技術的特徴を採用した、改変形態で実施することが可能である。 The properties and functions of the apparatus according to the present invention will be understood and apparent from the above description and the contents shown in the drawings, but the present invention is, of course, limited to the embodiments shown in the above and the accompanying drawings. Not done. The present invention can be implemented in a modified form that employs various components or equivalent technical features without departing from the scope of the invention as specified by the claims.

Claims

A ship having a resistance reduction gap (4) on a flat bottom of the ship.
The lower part of the void is filled with water and the upper part is filled with air.
Means (6) for directing the water streams (23, 28) from the front of the vessel to the front of the void are provided.
The means for directing to the front part of the gap is an inclined surface (1) extending from the bottom of the ship, inclined rearward and upward in the longitudinal direction of the ship, and extending toward the ceiling (1) of the space (4). It consists of 6)
The air gap (7) in the form of a laterally oriented opening is located at or within the front lower end (6A) of the inclined surface (6).
A plurality of air generating means (27) for supplying air to the air gap (7) are arranged so that an air flow is generated from the air gap (7) to the space below the inclined surface (6). Set up
An air chamber (8) on the front side is arranged above or in front of the inclined surface (6).
The air generating means (27) is configured to send air to the air gap (7) through the air chamber (8).
The ceiling (1) of the air gap, characterized in that one or both of the means for supplying air is provided in front SL gap (4) means for withdrawing air from and the air gap (4) Ship to be.

The ship according to claim 1.
A ship characterized in that a second air gap (9) is provided between the rear end of the inclined surface and the ceiling (1) of the gap or in the inclined surface.

The ship according to claim 1 or 2.
A ship characterized in that the ceiling (1) of the gap is provided with means for extracting air from the gap (4).

The ship according to claim 1 or 2.
A ship characterized in that the ceiling (1) of the gap is provided with means for supplying air to the gap (4).

A ship having a resistance reduction gap (4) on a flat bottom of the ship.
The lower part of the void is filled with water and the upper part is filled with air.
Means (6) for directing the water streams (23, 28) from the front of the vessel to the front of the void are provided.
The means for directing to the front part of the gap is an inclined surface (1) extending from the bottom of the ship, inclined rearward and upward in the longitudinal direction of the ship, and extending toward the ceiling (1) of the space (4). It consists of 6)
The air gap (7) in the form of a laterally oriented opening is located at or within the front lower end (6A) of the inclined surface (6).
A plurality of air generating means (27) for supplying air to the air gap (7) are arranged so that an air flow is generated from the air gap (7) to the space below the inclined surface (6). Set up
An air chamber (8) on the front side is arranged above or in front of the inclined surface (6).
The air generating means (27) is configured to send air to the air gap (7) through the air chamber (8).
A second air gap (9) is provided between the rear end of the inclined surface and the ceiling (1) of the gap or in the inclined surface.
Front air chamber (8), said split by transverse bulkhead provided at the rear of the air generating means (27) (50), it rearward half of the front air chamber formed by the prior SL air chamber A ship characterized in that one or both (51, 52) of a means for extracting air from the air and a means for supplying air to the air chamber are provided.

The ship according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
A ship characterized in that the inclined surface (6) forms a continuous portion of a curved portion (5).

The ship according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
It has a curved portion (5) located on the front side of the inclined surface, and has a curved portion (5).
A ship characterized in that at the front bottom of the ship, the curved portion (5) extends from a substantially horizontal level.

The ship according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
It has a curved portion (5) located on the front side of the inclined surface, and has a curved portion (5).
A ship characterized in that the curved portion (5) has an inclination angle with respect to a horizontal plane substantially equal to the inclined surface at the rear end (5A).

The ship according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
The ship characterized in that the air gap (7) is laterally oriented and has an extension portion substantially corresponding to the width of the inclined surface and / or the curved portion located on the front side of the inclined surface.

A ship having a resistance reduction gap (4) on a flat bottom of the ship.
The lower part of the void is filled with water and the upper part is filled with air.
Means (6) for directing the water streams (23, 28) from the front of the vessel to the front of the void are provided.
The means for directing to the front part of the gap is an inclined surface (1) extending from the bottom of the ship, inclined rearward and upward in the longitudinal direction of the ship, and extending toward the ceiling (1) of the space (4). It consists of 6)
The air gap (7) in the form of a laterally oriented opening is located at or within the front lower end (6A) of the inclined surface (6).
A plurality of air generating means (27) for supplying air to the air gap (7) are arranged so that an air flow is generated from the air gap (7) to the space below the inclined surface (6). Set up
An air chamber (8) on the front side is arranged above or in front of the inclined surface (6).
The air generating means (27) is configured to send air to the air gap (7) through the air chamber (8).
It has a curved portion (5) located on the front side of the inclined surface, and has a curved portion (5).
The front lower end (6A) of the inclined surface is arranged away from the curved portion in front of and / or above the rear end (5A) which is a rearward end portion of the curved portion, and the air formed thereby. A ship characterized in that a gap (7) is provided along the underside of the slope (6) to provide an air flow (10) in the stern side direction.