JP6809136B2 - Seismic isolation structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a seismic isolation structure.

A seismic isolation structure in which a seismic isolation device (for example, laminated rubber) or a damping device (for example, a damper) is provided in a gap between an upper structure and a lower structure in a building or the like is known.

Further, in Patent Document 1, a foundation (concave member) protruding downward is provided in the upper structure, and a foundation (convex member) protruding upward is provided in the lower structure, and the foundations collide with each other in the event of a large earthquake to cause an upper portion. A structure that suppresses excessive displacement between the structure and the substructure is described.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-35019

However, it is costly to install a pair of foundations for suppressing excessive displacement as described above. In particular, in the case of middle-layer seismic isolation, in which a seismic isolation device is installed between the upper and lower layers of the building (intermediate floor), and in the case of pillar-head seismic isolation, in which a seismic isolation device is installed at the pillar head of a specific floor (first floor, etc.). In many cases, the distance between the upper structure and the lower structure (height of the seismic isolation layer) is larger than that of the basic seismic isolation, which may increase the cost. In addition, it is necessary to significantly increase the cross-sectional area of the foundation and the reinforcement arrangement so as to resist the bending moment at the time of collision, which may further increase the cost.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to suppress excessive displacement while reducing costs.

In order to achieve such an object, the seismic isolation structure of the present invention is used.
A seismic isolation structure having a seismic isolation layer having a space having a predetermined height from the lower structure between the upper structure and the lower structure.
The seismic isolation layer is
An upright portion erected higher than the predetermined height from the lower structure,
A seismic isolation mechanism provided between the superstructure and the erecting portion,
A hanging portion that hangs down from the superstructure to the predetermined height, and a hanging portion that is horizontally separated from the standing portion.
A contact provided on one of the erecting portion and the hanging portion and in contact with the other of the erecting portion and the hanging portion when the upper structure and the lower structure are displaced relative to each other by a predetermined distance in the horizontal direction. Department and
Equipped with a,
The seismic isolation layer includes a plurality of the standing portions.
The seismic isolation mechanism, the hanging portion, and the contact portion are provided with respect to the erecting portion, and the seismic isolation mechanism is an elasto-plastic bearing, a rigid-plastic bearing, or a rigid-plastic bearing. , Elastic sliding bearing,
A seismic isolation mechanism having a higher maximum load in the horizontal direction as compared with the seismic isolation mechanism is provided for the other upright portion, and the hanging portion and the contact portion are provided. It is not, and wherein a call.

In such a seismic isolation structure, the seismic isolation mechanism provided in the other standing portion may be a high damping laminated rubber.

In such a seismic isolation structure, the seismic isolation mechanism provided in the other standing portion may be a restoration mechanism.

In such a seismic isolation structure, the seismic isolation mechanism provided in the other standing portion may be a damping mechanism.

Further, the seismic isolation structure is provided with a seismic isolation layer having a space having a predetermined height from the lower structure between the upper structure and the lower structure.
The seismic isolation layer is
An upright portion erected higher than the predetermined height from the lower structure,
A damping foundation provided so as to project downward from the superstructure,
A hanging portion that hangs down from the superstructure to the predetermined height, and a hanging portion that is horizontally separated from the standing portion.
An damping device provided between the damping foundation and the erection portion,
A contact provided on one of the standing portion and the hanging portion and in contact with the other of the standing portion and the hanging portion when the upper structure and the lower structure are displaced relative to each other by a predetermined distance in the horizontal direction. It may be provided with a section.

Further, the seismic isolation structure is provided with a seismic isolation layer having a space having a predetermined height from the lower structure between the upper structure and the lower structure.
The seismic isolation layer is
An upright portion erected higher than the predetermined height from the lower structure,
A seismic isolation mechanism provided between the superstructure and the erecting portion,
A hanging portion that hangs down from the superstructure to the predetermined height, and a hanging portion that is horizontally separated from the standing portion.
A contact provided on one of the standing portion and the hanging portion and in contact with the other of the standing portion and the hanging portion when the upper structure and the lower structure are displaced relative to each other by a predetermined distance in a certain vibration direction. Department and
When the upper structure and the lower structure are provided on one of the erecting portion and the hanging portion and the upper structure and the lower structure are displaced relative to each other by a predetermined distance in a vibration direction different from the certain vibration direction, the erecting portion and the hanging portion The contact part that comes into contact with the other,
May be provided.

Further, the seismic isolation structure is provided with a seismic isolation layer having a space having a predetermined height from the lower structure between the upper structure and the lower structure.
The seismic isolation layer is
An upright portion erected higher than the predetermined height from the lower structure,
A seismic isolation mechanism provided between the superstructure and the erecting portion,
A hanging portion that hangs down from the superstructure to the predetermined height, and a hanging portion that is horizontally separated from the standing portion.
A contact provided on one of the erecting portion and the hanging portion and in contact with the other of the erecting portion and the hanging portion when the upper structure and the lower structure are displaced relative to each other by a predetermined distance in the horizontal direction. Department and
With
The contact portion includes a cushioning material which is a plastic deformation member that yields when a load reaches a predetermined value.
It may be that.

With such a seismic isolation structure,
When the predetermined distance is c and the length of the contact portion in the horizontal width direction orthogonal to the horizontal direction is a.
The lengths of the erecting portion and the other of the hanging portion in the horizontal width direction are arranged on one side and the other side in the horizontal width direction from a position corresponding to the center of the contact portion in the horizontal width direction (a). It may be / 2 + c) or more.

With such a seismic isolation structure,
The erecting portion may be a planar polygonal columnar body, and the hanging portion may be provided on the side of each side surface of the columnar body.

With such a seismic isolation structure,
The erecting portion may be a planar circular columnar body, and the hanging portion may be provided laterally around the columnar body.

With such a seismic isolation structure,
The hanging portion may integrally surround the standing portion.

With such a seismic isolation structure,
The predetermined height may be 2.1 m or more.

With such a seismic isolation structure,
The drooping part
The first part including the range from the predetermined height to the height of the standing portion, and
A second site between the first site and the superstructure,
Have,
The first portion may be more easily plastically deformed than the second portion.
In addition, it has such a seismic isolation structure.
The hanging portion may be an elevating equipment or a mechanical equipment room that hangs from the superstructure.

According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress excessive displacement while reducing costs.

It is an elevation view which shows the structure of the seismic isolation structure of 1st Embodiment. It is a plan view of AA'of FIG. It is a figure which shows the arrangement example of the projecting foundation and the cushioning material. It is a figure which shows the 1st modification of the seismic isolation structure of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the 2nd modification of the seismic isolation structure of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the 3rd modification of the seismic isolation structure of 1st Embodiment. It is an elevation view which shows the structure of the seismic isolation structure of 2nd Embodiment. It is an elevation view which shows the structure of the seismic isolation structure of 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the modification of the projecting foundation. It is a figure which shows the restoring force characteristic of the projecting foundation and the cushioning material of FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the seismic isolation structure.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

=== 1st Embodiment ===
<About the structure of the seismic isolation structure>
FIG. 1 is an elevational view showing the configuration of the seismic isolation structure of the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view of AA ′ of FIG. In the following description, the direction is defined as shown in the figure. That is, one of the two orthogonal directions in the horizontal plane is the X-axis direction, and the other is the Y-axis direction. Further, the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane (direction orthogonal to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction) is defined as the Z-axis direction (vertical direction).

As shown in FIG. 1, the seismic isolation structure of the present embodiment is configured to include a seismic isolation layer S between the upper structure 2 and the lower structure 4. The seismic isolation structure of the present embodiment is stigma seismic isolation, and the superstructure 2 and the substructure 4 are structures (floors, etc.) constituting a specific floor (for example, the first floor) of the building. The upper structure 2 is provided above the lower structure 4 via the seismic isolation layer S. The lower structure 4 supports the upper structure 2 and transmits a load to the ground.

The seismic isolation layer S is provided with a space K having a height h (corresponding to a predetermined height) from the lower structure 4. In other words, the seismic isolation layer S has a space K having a height h from the substructure 4. In the present embodiment, the space K is a living room, and the ceiling height (height h) is 2.1 m or more (Building Standards Act). Therefore, the height of the seismic isolation layer S of the present embodiment (distance between the upper structure 2 and the lower structure 4) is larger than the height of the seismic isolation layer of the foundation seismic isolation layer. The space K is not limited to the living room. For example, it may be an in-service space or a parking facility in a building.

Further, the seismic isolation layer S of the present embodiment includes a seismic isolation device 10, a seismic isolation foundation 22, a pillar portion 42 (corresponding to an upright portion), and a projecting foundation 24 (corresponding to a hanging portion).

The seismic isolation foundation 22 is a foundation for installing the seismic isolation device 10, and is provided so as to project downward (seismic isolation layer S) from the superstructure 2.

The pillar portion 42 is a columnar body erected above the lower structure 4. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the height (height H) of the pillar portion 42 in the Z-axis direction is higher than the height h (H> h). Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the planar shape of the pillar portion 42 of the present embodiment is a quadrangle (planar quadrangle). Specifically, the planar shape of the pillar portion 42 is a square having a side length of L as shown in FIG. The pillar portion 42 and the seismic isolation foundation 22 are at the same position in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction, Y-axis direction) (not separated in the horizontal direction).

As shown in FIG. 2, the seismic isolation device 10 is interposed between the superstructure 2 and the substructure 4. More specifically, the seismic isolation device 10 is provided between the seismic isolation foundation 22 and the pillar portion 42.

As shown in FIG. 2, the seismic isolation device 10 of the present embodiment has a pair of upper and lower laminated rubbers 12 (for example, a columnar elastic body formed by alternately laminating circular thin steel plates and rubber layers). It is configured to be sandwiched between the flange plates (upper flange plate 13a, lower flange plate 13b). Further, the lower flange plate 13b is fixed to the upper surface of the pillar portion 42 by bolts (not shown) or the like, and the upper flange plate 13a is fixed to the lower surface of the seismic isolation foundation 22 by bolts (not shown) or the like. Then, the seismic isolation device 10 supports the superstructure 2, and the laminated rubber 12 is sheared and deformed in the horizontal direction according to the horizontal force due to the relative displacement between the superstructure 2 and the substructure 4, so that the superstructure 2 is horizontal. Prolong the period of vibration (functions as a seismic isolation bearing). Further, the laminated rubber 12 of the present embodiment is a high damping laminated rubber provided with a lead plug (damping material) inside, and also has a damping function (in addition to a seismic isolation function and a restoration function).

By providing the seismic isolation device 10 between the upper structure 2 and the lower structure 4, when the vibration in the horizontal direction occurs, the vibration of the upper structure 2 can be lengthened, and the upper structure 2 and the lower structure can be extended. The horizontal vibration between 4 and 4 can be attenuated.

However, if the displacement (relative displacement) of the upper structure 2 and the lower structure 4 in the horizontal direction becomes excessive, the amount of deformation of the laminated rubber 12 becomes large, and the laminated rubber 12 may be broken or the superstructure 2 is exempted. There is a risk that it will not be able to support the earthquake. Therefore, it is necessary to suppress excessive displacement. For example, a pair of members (foundations) for suppressing excessive displacement may be provided in the upper structure 2 and the lower structure 4, but in this case, the cost may increase. In particular, in the case of stigma seismic isolation as in the present embodiment, since the distance between the superstructure 2 and the substructure 4 (height of the seismic isolation layer S) is large, it is costly to provide a pair of foundations. Therefore, in the present embodiment, by providing the projecting foundation 24 in the superstructure 2, the excessive displacement is efficiently suppressed while reducing the cost.

The projecting foundation 24 is a member (foundation) provided for suppressing excessive displacement, and hangs down from the superstructure 2 to a height h. Further, the projecting foundation 24 is separated from the pillar portion 42 in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction in FIGS. 1 and 2). As shown in FIG. 2, the planar shape of the projecting foundation 24 is a quadrangle (square) having a side length shorter than that of the pillar portion 42. Since the height H of the column portion 42 is higher than the height (height h) of the lower surface of the projecting foundation 24, the column portion 42 and the projecting foundation 24 partially overlap in the Z-axis direction. ..

Further, in this overlapping portion, a cushioning material 30 (corresponding to the cushioning portion) is provided at a portion (side surface) of the projecting foundation 24 facing the pillar portion 42.

The cushioning material 30 is an elastic member (for example, rubber) having a predetermined elastic modulus. By providing the cushioning material 30, it is possible to alleviate the impact when the projecting foundation 24 and the pillar portion 42 collide with each other.

As shown in FIG. 2, the cushioning material 30 is separated from the pillar portion 42 by a predetermined distance (here, length c) in the X-axis direction. Therefore, when the projecting foundation 24 is displaced by length c in the X-axis direction with respect to the column portion 42 (when the upper structure 2 and the lower structure 4 are displaced by length c relative to the column portion 42), the cushioning material 30 is a column. It comes into contact with the portion 42. That is, in the present embodiment, the cushioning material 30 corresponds to the contact portion. By this contact, a relative displacement (excessive displacement) larger than the length c can be suppressed.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the length L in the width direction (corresponding to the horizontal width direction) of one side of the pillar portion 42 is the length in the width direction of the end face (side surface) of the cushioning material 30. It is longer than a. Specifically, L = a + 2c. More specifically, the length L of the pillar portion 42 is set to one side and the other side in the Y-axis direction (a) from the position corresponding to the midpoint in the width direction (here, the Y-axis direction) of the cushioning material 30. The length is / 2 + c). In this case, the angle between the line connecting the pillar portion 42 and the corner portion of the cushioning material 30 (broken line in the figure) and the X-axis (and Y-axis) is 45 °. Not limited to this, the length of the pillar portion 42 is longer than (a / 2 + c) on one side and the other side in the Y-axis direction from the position corresponding to the midpoint in the Y-axis direction of the cushioning material 30. You may. That is, it is desirable that L ≧ a + 2c. By doing so, the cushioning material 30 (protruding foundation 24) can be easily brought into contact with the pillar portion 42 even if the vibration direction is oblique to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.

In particular, when arranged as shown in FIG. 3, the cushioning material 30 can be brought into contact with the pillar portion 42 regardless of the direction of vibration. Note that FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an arrangement example of the projecting foundation 24 and the cushioning material 30. In FIG. 3, a projecting foundation 24 is provided on each side of each side surface (four side surfaces) of the pillar portion 42. That is, the projecting foundation 24 is provided at a position where the pillar portion 42 is sandwiched in the X-axis direction and at a position where the pillar portion 42 is sandwiched in the Y-axis direction. A cushioning material 30 is provided at a portion (end face) of each projecting foundation 24 facing the pillar portion 42. With such a configuration, excessive displacement can be suppressed regardless of the vibration direction.

As described above, the seismic isolation structure of the present embodiment includes a seismic isolation layer S having a space K having a height h from the lower structure 4 between the upper structure 2 and the lower structure 4. .. The seismic isolation layer S includes a pillar portion 42 erected above the height h (at a height H) from the lower structure 4, a seismic isolation device 10 provided between the superstructure 2 and the pillar portion 42, and the seismic isolation layer S. It is a projecting foundation 24 that hangs down from the superstructure 2 to a height h, and includes a projecting foundation 24 that is separated from the column portion 42 in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction, Y-axis direction). Further, the projecting foundation 24 is provided with a cushioning material 30 so as to come into contact with the pillar portion 42 when the upper structure 2 and the lower structure 4 are displaced relative to each other by a length c in the horizontal direction.

As a result, it is not necessary to provide a pair of foundations for suppressing excessive displacement in each of the upper structure 2 and the lower structure 4, so that excessive displacement can be suppressed while reducing costs.

<First modification>
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a first modification of the seismic isolation structure of the first embodiment. The same components as those in the above-described embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

The seismic isolation structure of this first modification includes a pillar portion 421 and a projecting foundation 241.

As shown in FIG. 4, the pillar portion 421 has a circular planar shape (planar circular shape). Also. The projecting foundation 241 is provided so as to integrally surround the pillar portion 421. The outer shape (planar shape) of the projecting foundation 241 is a quadrangle, and a regular octagonal space is formed inside. A pillar portion 421 is arranged at the center of the space. Further, cushioning materials 30 are provided on each side (side surface) of the regular octagon inside the projecting foundation 241 so as to face the pillar portion 421. Each cushioning material 30 and the lower base portion 421 are separated from each other by a predetermined distance (length c). Also in this case, as in the case of FIG. 3, excessive displacement can be suppressed regardless of the direction of vibration. In this example, the inside of the projecting foundation 241 was a regular octagon, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it may be a regular hexagon or a regular decagon. In these cases as well, the cushioning material 30 may be provided so as to face the pillar portion 421.

<Second modification>
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a second modification of the seismic isolation structure of the first embodiment. The same components as those in the above-described embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

The seismic isolation structure of the second modification includes a projecting foundation 242. The projecting foundation 242 is provided so as to integrally surround the pillar portion 421 like the projecting foundation 241, and a circular space is formed inside. A pillar portion 421 is arranged at the center of the space. Further, inside the projecting foundation 242, the cushioning material 302 is arranged in a circle along the inner circumference, and the cushioning material 302 and the pillar portion 421 are separated by a predetermined distance (length c). Even in this case, excessive displacement can be suppressed regardless of the direction of vibration.

<Third modification example>
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a third modification of the seismic isolation structure of the first embodiment. The same components as those in the above-described embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

The seismic isolation structure of the third modification includes a pillar portion 422.

As shown in FIG. 6, the pillar portion 422 is a pillar member having a regular octagonal plane shape. Then, (eight) projecting foundations 24 and cushioning materials 30 are provided corresponding to each of the eight side surfaces of the pillar portion 422. As in the above-described embodiment, the length of the end face of the cushioning material 30 is a, and each cushioning material 30 and the pillar portion 422 are separated by a predetermined distance (length c). In this case, even if the length of each side of the column portion 422 is smaller than a + 2c (further, even if it is smaller than a), excessive deformation can be suppressed regardless of the direction of vibration.

=== Second embodiment ===
FIG. 7 is an elevational view showing the configuration of the seismic isolation structure of the second embodiment. The same reference numerals are given to the parts having the same configuration as that of the above-described embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.

The seismic isolation layer S of the seismic isolation structure of the second embodiment includes a damping device 16, a column portion 42, a damping foundation 23, and a projecting foundation 24 (and a cushioning material 30). In this second embodiment, a damping device 16 (corresponding to a damping mechanism) is provided as a seismic isolation mechanism. Further, although not shown in the figure, in other places of the seismic isolation layer S, the seismic isolation foundation 22, the pillar portion 42, and the seismic isolation device (here, ordinary laminated rubber, etc.) similar to those in the first embodiment, etc. ) Is provided. As a result, stigma seismic isolation is configured.

The damping foundation 23 is provided so as to project downward from the superstructure 2 at a position separated from the column portion 42 in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction in the figure).

In the present embodiment, the damping device 16 is an oil damper using oil. The damping device 16 is arranged along the horizontal direction (X-axis direction), and one end of the damping device 16 is connected to the damping foundation 23 and the other end is connected to the pillar portion 42. Then, the damping device 16 generates a damping force according to the relative displacement between the damping foundation 23 and the column portion 42 (in other words, the relative displacement between the superstructure 2 and the lower structure 4).

As described above, in the second embodiment, the damping device 16 is used as the seismic isolation mechanism. The damping device 16 is provided between the column portion 42 and the superstructure 2 (more specifically, the damping foundation 23). Also in this case, as in the first embodiment, the excessive displacement can be suppressed by providing the projecting foundation 24 (and the cushioning material 30).

=== Third Embodiment ===
FIG. 8 is an elevational view showing the configuration of the seismic isolation structure of the third embodiment. The same reference numerals are given to the parts having the same configuration as that of the above-described embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the third embodiment, the superstructure 2 is provided with an elevator shaft 50 (corresponding to a hanging portion). The elevator shaft 50 is an elevator hoistway, and is provided so as to hang down from the superstructure 2. Further, in order to make the upper structure 2 and the lower structure 4 relatively displaceable, a space K'with a length h'in the Z-axis direction is provided between the lower structure 4 and the elevator shaft 50. That is, the seismic isolation layer S has a space K'with a height h'between the elevator shaft 50 and the lower structure 4. A cushioning material 30 is provided on the side surface of the elevator shaft 50 facing the pillar portion 42. The cushioning material 30 and the pillar portion 42 are separated from each other by a predetermined distance (length c) in the X-axis direction. The elevator shaft 50 of the present embodiment is reinforced so as to have higher rigidity than usual.

As a result, when the elevator shaft 50 is displaced by length c in the X-axis direction with respect to the column portion 42 (that is, when the superstructure 2 and the lower structure 4 are displaced by length c in the X-axis direction), the cushioning material 30 Is in contact with the pillar portion 42. Excessive displacement can be suppressed by this contact.

In this third embodiment, since the building member (elevator shaft 50) is used as the member (hanging portion) for suppressing excessive displacement, it is not necessary to newly provide a foundation, and the cost can be further reduced. In the present embodiment, the elevator shaft 50 is used as a member (hanging portion) for suppressing excessive displacement, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, other elevating equipment (such as a staircase) or equipment machine room may be used.

=== About other embodiments ===
The above embodiment is for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and is not for limiting the interpretation of the present invention. It goes without saying that the present invention can be modified and improved without departing from the spirit thereof, and the present invention includes an equivalent thereof. In particular, even the embodiments described below are included in the present invention.

<About seismic isolation structure>
The seismic isolation structure of the above-described embodiment is stigma seismic isolation, but is not limited to this. For example, it may be a middle-layer seismic isolation device in which a seismic isolation device is installed on the middle floor of a building. In this case, instead of the pillar portion 42, a foundation (corresponding to an upright portion) protruding upward from the lower structure 4 may be provided.

<About cushioning material>
In the above-described embodiment, the cushioning material 30 is an elastic member (rubber or the like), but it is not limited to the elastic member as long as it cushions the impact of collision. For example, the member may yield (plastically deform) when the load reaches a predetermined value (see FIG. 10).

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the cushioning material 30 is provided on the hanging portion (protruding foundation 24, elevator shaft 50, etc.) that hangs down from the superstructure 2, but may be provided on the side of the pillar portion 42.

Alternatively, the pillar portion 42 and the hanging portion may collide (contact) with each other without providing the cushioning material 30. In this case, the side surface (contact surface) of either the pillar portion 42 or the hanging portion corresponds to the contact portion.

<About the projecting foundation>
The projecting foundation 42 of the above-described embodiment has the same shape (rectangular cross section) from the upper end to the lower end, but the present invention is not limited to this.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a modified example of the projecting foundation. In FIG. 9, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In FIG. 9, a projecting foundation 24'is provided. The projecting foundation 24'is composed of, for example, a modified cross section of a steel frame. Specifically, the projecting foundation 24'has a lower portion 24a (corresponding to the first portion) including a range overlapping the column portion 42 in the Z-axis direction (range from height h to height H) and a lower portion 24a. It has an upper portion 24b (corresponding to a second portion) between the upper structure 2 and the upper structure 2. The lower portion 24a has a smaller cross section than the upper portion 24b. Therefore, the lower portion 24a is more likely to yield (plastically deform) than the upper portion 24b.

Further, here, as the cushioning material 30, a member that yields (plastically deforms) when the load reaches a predetermined value is used.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the restoring force characteristics of the projecting foundation 24'and the cushioning material 30 of FIG. The horizontal axis of FIG. 10 shows the displacement, and the vertical axis shows the load. The displacement is shown as the displacement from the state where no compressive force is applied. In FIG. 10, the alternate long and short dash line is the characteristic of the cushioning material 30, and the broken line is the characteristic of the projecting foundation 24'. In addition, the characteristics of the cushioning material 30 and the projecting foundation 24'are shown by a gray line.

In the region where the load is small, the displacement and the load are in a proportional relationship for both the cushioning material 30 and the projecting foundation 24'(elastic region), and the characteristics of combining the cushioning material 30 and the projecting foundation 24'(gray line in the figure). Follows the characteristics of the cushioning material 30. When the load increases and exceeds the point A in the figure, the cushioning material 30 becomes a plastic region and the cushioning material 30 is plastically deformed. As a result, the characteristics of the combination of the cushioning material 30 and the projecting foundation 24'will follow the characteristics (broken line) of the projecting foundation 24'. Further, when the point B is exceeded, the lower portion 24a of the projecting foundation 24'becomes a plastic region and yields (plastic deformation). When the projecting foundation 24 of FIG. 1 is used, the proportional relationship continues without yielding at point B (displacement-load characteristics do not bend at point B). Therefore, when colliding with the column portion 42, an excessive horizontal load may be applied to the superstructure 2 and the column portion 42. On the other hand, in the projecting foundation 24'of this modified example, the lower portion 24a is more easily plastically deformed than the upper portion 24b (plastically deformed at the point B in FIG. 10), so that the lower portion 24a is excessively horizontal to the superstructure 2 and the column portion 42. It is possible to suppress the application of a load.

In this example, the upper portion 24b and the lower portion 24a of the projecting foundation 24'are formed by a modified cross section of the steel frame, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the upper part and the lower part of the projecting foundation 24 of FIG. 1 may be made of different materials.

<About seismic isolation device>
In the above-described embodiment (first embodiment), the laminated rubber 12 (high damping laminated rubber) containing a lead plug is used as the seismic isolation device 10, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a high damping laminated rubber in which the rubber material itself has a damping function may be used.

Further, although the seismic isolation device 10 of the above-described embodiment has a seismic isolation function, a restoration function, and a damping function, it is not necessary to provide all of them. For example, a normal laminated rubber (laminated rubber having no damping function) or a rolling bearing may be used as the seismic isolation device. In this case, a damping device (damper or the like) or a restoration device (spring or the like) may be provided at another location.

Further, a seismic isolation structure may be configured by using a plurality of different types of seismic isolation devices.
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a modified example of the seismic isolation structure. The same parts as those in the above-described embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In FIG. 11, a plurality of (three in the figure) pillar portions 42 and a seismic isolation foundation 22 are provided in the seismic isolation layer S between the upper structure 2 and the lower structure 4. One of them (center of the figure) is provided with a seismic isolation device 100 for elasto-plastic bearings, and the other pillars 42 (right and left sides of the figure) are seismically isolated for elastic bearings. The device 10 is provided. The seismic isolation device 10 has a higher maximum load to be borne in the horizontal direction than the seismic isolation device 100. Further, the projecting foundation 24 and the cushioning material 30 are provided only to the central pillar portion 42 (the pillar portion 42 provided with the seismic isolation device 100).

The middle part of FIG. 11 shows the restoring force characteristics of the pillar portion 42 in which each seismic isolation bearing (seismic isolation device 10, seismic isolation device 100) is installed. The seismic isolation devices 10 on the right and left sides of the figure are elastic bearings and have the same characteristics (characteristics in which displacement and load are proportional) (gray line in the figure). On the other hand, the seismic isolation device 100 provided in the pillar portion 42 in the center of the figure is an elasto-plastic bearing and has an elastic region and a plastic region. The broken line in each figure shows the value of the boundary between the elastic region and the plastic region of the seismic isolation device 100. Further, the intersection of the horizontal axis in the characteristics of the projecting foundation 24 and the cushioning material 30 corresponds to the displacement when colliding with the column portion 42.

Combining the characteristics of the seismic isolation device 100 with the characteristics of the projecting foundation 24 and the cushioning material 30 gives the characteristics shown by the black line in the lower part of FIG. That is, after the projecting foundation 24 (cushioning material 30) and the seismic isolation device 100 collide with each other, the seismic isolation device 100 becomes a plastic region, and the load increases slowly. In this way, the load is smaller than the load of the column 42 (gray line in the figure) that does not collide with the projecting foundation 24 even though the projecting foundation 24 (cushioning material 30) collides with the column 42. Become. Therefore, the maximum load of the column 42 that collides with the projecting foundation 24 (cushioning material 30) can be made equal to the maximum load of the column 42 on which the seismic isolation device 10 is installed, and the load can be reduced. Can be planned. Further, even if the seismic isolation device 100 yields, the superstructure 2 can be supported by the elastic bearing seismic isolation device 10.

In FIG. 11, an elasto-plastic bearing is used, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a rigid-plastic bearing may be used. Alternatively, an elastic sliding bearing may be obtained by combining a laminated rubber having a sliding material at the upper end or the lower end and a sliding plate. In this way, the seismic isolation bearings installed on the pillars 42 that collide with the projecting foundation 24 and the cushioning material 30 are elasto-plastic bearings, rigid-plastic bearings, or elastic sliding bearings, so that the maximum burden on the pillars 42 is increased. The load can be reduced (for example, it can be made smaller than the maximum load of the pillar 42 on which the seismic isolation device 10 of the elastic bearing is installed). Further, in this example, the seismic isolation device 10 is an elastic bearing, but other bearings may be used as long as the maximum load to be borne in the horizontal direction is higher than that of the seismic isolation device 100.

<About the attenuation device>
The damping device 16 of the above-described embodiment (second embodiment) is an oil damper, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it may be a viscous (bullet) damper or a friction damper.

2 Superstructure 4 Lower structure 10, 10'Seismic isolation device 12 Laminated rubber (high damping laminated rubber)
13a Upper flange plate 13b Lower flange plate 16 Damping device 22 Seismic isolation foundation 23 Damping foundation 24 Protruding foundation (hanging part)
30 Cushioning material 42 Pillar part (standing part)
50 Elevator shaft (hanging part)

Claims (14)

A seismic isolation structure having a seismic isolation layer having a space having a predetermined height from the lower structure between the upper structure and the lower structure.
The seismic isolation layer is
An upright portion erected higher than the predetermined height from the lower structure,
A seismic isolation mechanism provided between the superstructure and the erecting portion,
A hanging portion that hangs down from the superstructure to the predetermined height, and a hanging portion that is horizontally separated from the standing portion.
A contact provided on one of the erecting portion and the hanging portion and in contact with the other of the erecting portion and the hanging portion when the upper structure and the lower structure are displaced relative to each other by a predetermined distance in the horizontal direction. Department and
Equipped with a,
The seismic isolation layer includes a plurality of the standing portions.
The seismic isolation mechanism, the hanging portion, and the contact portion are provided with respect to the erecting portion, and the seismic isolation mechanism is an elasto-plastic bearing, a rigid-plastic bearing, or a rigid-plastic bearing. , Elastic sliding bearing,
A seismic isolation mechanism having a higher maximum load in the horizontal direction as compared with the seismic isolation mechanism is provided for the other upright portion, and the hanging portion and the contact portion are provided. Not done,
Seismic isolation structure characterized by that. The seismic isolation structure according to claim 1 .
The seismic isolation mechanism provided in the other standing portion is a high damping laminated rubber.
Seismic isolation structure characterized by that. The seismic isolation structure according to claim 1 .
The seismic isolation mechanism provided in the other standing portion is a restoration mechanism.
Seismic isolation structure characterized by that. The seismic isolation structure according to claim 1 .
The seismic isolation mechanism provided in the other standing portion is a damping mechanism.
Seismic isolation structure characterized by that. A seismic isolation structure having a seismic isolation layer having a space having a predetermined height from the lower structure between the upper structure and the lower structure.
The seismic isolation layer is
An upright portion erected higher than the predetermined height from the lower structure,
A damping foundation provided so as to project downward from the superstructure,
A hanging portion that hangs down from the superstructure to the predetermined height, and a hanging portion that is horizontally separated from the standing portion.
An damping device provided between the damping foundation and the erection portion,
A contact provided on one of the erecting portion and the hanging portion and in contact with the other of the erecting portion and the hanging portion when the upper structure and the lower structure are displaced relative to each other by a predetermined distance in the horizontal direction. Department and
A seismic isolation structure characterized by being equipped with. A seismic isolation structure having a seismic isolation layer having a space having a predetermined height from the lower structure between the upper structure and the lower structure.
The seismic isolation layer is
An upright portion erected higher than the predetermined height from the lower structure,
A seismic isolation mechanism provided between the superstructure and the erecting portion,
A hanging portion that hangs down from the superstructure to the predetermined height, and a hanging portion that is horizontally separated from the standing portion.
A contact provided on one of the standing portion and the hanging portion and in contact with the other of the standing portion and the hanging portion when the upper structure and the lower structure are displaced relative to each other by a predetermined distance in a certain vibration direction. Department and
When the upper structure and the lower structure are provided on one of the erecting portion and the hanging portion and the upper structure and the lower structure are displaced relative to each other by a predetermined distance in a vibration direction different from the certain vibration direction, the erecting portion and the hanging portion The contact part that comes into contact with the other,
A seismic isolation structure characterized by being equipped with. A seismic isolation structure having a seismic isolation layer having a space having a predetermined height from the lower structure between the upper structure and the lower structure.
The seismic isolation layer is
An upright portion erected higher than the predetermined height from the lower structure,
A seismic isolation mechanism provided between the superstructure and the erecting portion,
A hanging portion that hangs down from the superstructure to the predetermined height, and a hanging portion that is horizontally separated from the standing portion.
A contact provided on one of the erecting portion and the hanging portion and in contact with the other of the erecting portion and the hanging portion when the upper structure and the lower structure are displaced relative to each other by a predetermined distance in the horizontal direction. Department and
With
The contact portion includes a cushioning material which is a plastic deformation member that yields when a load reaches a predetermined value.
Seismic isolation structure characterized by that. The seismic isolation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7 .
When the predetermined distance is c and the length of the contact portion in the horizontal width direction orthogonal to the horizontal direction is a.
The lengths of the erecting portion and the other of the hanging portion in the horizontal width direction are arranged on one side and the other side in the horizontal width direction from a position corresponding to the center of the contact portion in the horizontal width direction (a). / 2 + c) or more,
Seismic isolation structure characterized by that. The seismic isolation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8 .
The erecting portion is a planar polygonal columnar body, and the hanging portion is provided on each side surface of the columnar body.
Seismic isolation structure characterized by that. The seismic isolation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7 .
The upright portion is a planar circular columnar body, and the hanging portion is provided on the side around the columnar body.
Seismic isolation structure characterized by that. The seismic isolation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10 .
The hanging portion integrally surrounds the standing portion.
Seismic isolation structure characterized by that. The seismic isolation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11 .
The predetermined height is 2.1 m or more.
Seismic isolation structure characterized by that. The seismic isolation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12 .
The drooping part
The first part including the range from the predetermined height to the height of the standing portion, and
A second site between the first site and the superstructure,
Have,
The first portion has a seismic isolation structure characterized by being more easily plastically deformed than the second portion. The seismic isolation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 13 .
The hanging portion is an elevating facility or a mechanical equipment room that hangs from the superstructure.
Seismic isolation structure characterized by that.