JP6815920B2 - How to dismantle the transformer - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method of disassembling a transformer.

Conventionally, transformers installed in substations are tanks, primary bushings, secondary bushings, radiators, conservators, insulating oil active wire purifiers for LR tap changers, pressure release devices, etc. attached to the tanks. A core equipped with an iron core and a coil is immersed in insulating oil and housed in a tank.

When disassembling the transformer, first, the insulating oil is drained from the tank, the exterior parts attached to the tank are removed, and then the tank is disassembled.

Next, a method of disassembling the transformer will be described.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the tank, FIG. 3 is a plan view of a portal suspension facility formed adjacent to the tank in the conventional transformer dismantling method, and FIG. 4 is adjacent to the tank in the conventional transformer dismantling method. A front view of the gate-shaped suspension facility formed by the transformer, FIG. 5 is a first diagram for explaining a method of disassembling a conventional transformer, and FIG. 6 is a second diagram for explaining a method of disassembling a conventional transformer. FIG. 7, FIG. 7 is a third diagram for explaining a method of disassembling a conventional transformer, and FIG. 8 is a fourth diagram for explaining a method of disassembling a conventional transformer.

In FIG. 2, 12 is a tank, 31 is an upper lid, 32 is a side plate, and 33 is a bottom tank. The upper lid 31, the side plate 32, and the bottom tank 33 form outer casings Cs of the tank 12, and the outer casings Cs are formed. The core unit 35 is arranged therein by being immersed in an insulating oil (not shown).

The core unit 35 includes three core Cis (i = 1, 2, 3) including an iron core 43 formed by laminating silicon steel plates and a coil 44 arranged by winding around the iron core 43. ), An upper yoke iron core (not shown) arranged between the iron cores 43 above each core Ci, an upper end frame 38 connecting the iron cores 43 above each core Ci, and each iron core 43 below each core Ci. A lower yoke iron core 46, which will be described later, arranged between them, and a lower end frame 40 connecting each iron core 43 below each core Ci are provided, and the lower end frame 40 is fixed to the bottom tank 33 to form an outer surface. It is arranged upright in the casing Cs.

Conventionally, when disassembling a transformer, an operator first opens an oil drain valve (not shown) arranged in a tank 12 to discharge insulating oil. Then, the operator removes and removes the exterior part attached to the tank 12.

Subsequently, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the operator assembles the gate type suspension equipment 50 adjacent to the tank 12. The gate-shaped suspension equipment 50 includes a plurality of columns 51 formed by rising from the floor FL, an outer support frame 52 having a rectangular shape, which is erected between the columns 51 at the upper ends of the columns 51, and the outer support. Beams 53, 54 laid vertically and horizontally on the frame 52, and chain blocks CBj (j = 1, 2, ...) Arranged so as to be movable in the vertical and horizontal directions along the beams 53, 54. ) Etc. are provided.

The columns 51, the outer support frame 52, and the beams 53, 54 are all made of steel materials such as H-shaped steel and are carried into the substation so that heavy objects can be lifted by the gantry suspension equipment 50. , Assembled adjacent to the transformer.

When the gantry suspension equipment 50 is assembled, the operator lifts and removes the upper lid 31 and the side plate 32 by the chain block CBj, and then lifts and removes the upper end frame 38 and the upper yoke iron core, and then the figure. As shown in 5, each coil 44 of the core unit 35 is lifted and removed.

As a result, the iron core 43 of each core Ci, the two flat plates 45, and the lower yoke iron core are fixed to the bottom tank 33 via the lower end frame 40 and placed upright with respect to the bottom tank 33. Each flat plate 45 is made of a strip-shaped metal plate, and each silicon steel plate collapses by sandwiching a laminate of each silicon steel plate of the iron core 43 from both sides by the flat plates 45 and tightening with bolts penetrating the laminate and the flat plate 45. Is prevented.

Next, when removing the iron core 43 and the flat plate 45, the lower yoke iron core 46 and the lower end frame 40 from the bottom tank 33, the operator puts the iron core 43 and the flat plate 45 on the upper end of each iron core 43 and the flat plate 45 as shown in FIG. The upper end frame 38 is attached, and an iron core unit u1 in which each iron core 43 and each flat plate 45 are held is formed between the upper end frame 38 and the lower end frame 40.

Subsequently, the operator disengages the connection between the lower end frame 40 and the bottom tank 33, lifts the iron core unit u1 by the chain block CBj as shown in FIG. 7, removes the bottom tank 33, and then removes the bottom tank 33. As shown in, it is tilted in the direction of the arrow, that is, tilted horizontally, and placed on the pedestal 59 placed on the floor FL.

Therefore, the operator carries the iron core unit u1 out of the substation with the iron core unit u1 mounted on the cradle 59 by using a roller or the like, removes the lower end frame 40 and the lower yoke iron core 46, and removes the laminated body and the flat plate. The bolts that fasten the 45 can be removed, and each silicon steel plate can be peeled off one by one (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-57115

However, in the method of dismantling the transformer, when the substation is arranged in a building such as an urban building or underground, the transformer cannot be dismantled depending on the conditions.

That is, when the transformer is installed in the building or underground, the gate type suspension equipment 50 is assembled adjacent to the tank 12 in the building or underground, and the upper lid 31, the side plate 32, and each of them are assembled by the chain block CBj. Each device such as the coil 44 and the iron core unit u1 will be lifted and removed in sequence, but if the steel material such as H-shaped steel that constitutes the gate type suspension equipment 50 cannot be carried into the building or underground, the gate The mold suspension equipment 50 cannot be used.

In addition, it is conceivable to plant anchor bolts in the ceiling of the building or underground, attach hanging hooks to the anchor bolts, attach chain blocks to the hanging hooks, and lift and remove each device. If the concrete is not strong enough, each device cannot be lifted and removed.

Therefore, it is conceivable to cut each device into small pieces with an electric tool such as a saver saw and remove each cut piece as a disassembled product. However, the iron core 43 of each core Ci is a flat plate 45 made of a laminated body of silicon steel plates from both sides. Since it is formed by sandwiching it with steel and tightening it with bolts, it cannot be cut into small pieces.

The present invention solves the problem of the conventional method of dismantling a transformer, and dismantles a transformer capable of easily dismantling the transformer in a substation located in a building such as a building or underground. The purpose is to provide a method.

In the method of disassembling the transformer of the present invention, the transformer is housed in an outer housing composed of a top lid, a side plate and a bottom tank, and the core unit is immersed in insulating oil, and the exterior is attached to the tank. It is designed to be equipped with goods.

Then, by draining the insulating oil from the tank, removing the exterior parts from the tank, and removing the top lid and the side plate from the bottom tank in the tank, the core unit is fixed to the bottom tank and stands upright with respect to the bottom tank. By removing the upper end frame and the coil from the iron core in the core unit, the iron core is fixed to the bottom tank via the lower end frame and placed upright with respect to the bottom tank. While the iron core is placed upright with respect to the bottom tank, each silicon steel plate is cut into small pieces one by one, the cut pieces are removed from the lower end frame, and the lower end frame and the bottom tank are removed.

According to the present invention, in the method of disassembling a transformer, the transformer is attached to a tank in which a core unit is immersed in insulating oil in an outer casing composed of a top lid, a side plate and a bottom tank, and the tank. It is designed to be equipped with the exterior parts.

Then, by draining the insulating oil from the tank, removing the exterior parts from the tank, and removing the top lid and the side plate from the bottom tank in the tank, the core unit is fixed to the bottom tank and stands upright with respect to the bottom tank. By removing the upper end frame and the coil from the iron core in the core unit, the iron core is fixed to the bottom tank via the lower end frame and placed upright with respect to the bottom tank. While the iron core is placed upright with respect to the bottom tank, each silicon steel plate is cut into small pieces one by one, the cut pieces are removed from the lower end frame, and the lower end frame and the bottom tank are removed.

In this case, in the tank, by removing the top lid and the side plate from the bottom tank, the core unit is fixed to the bottom tank and placed upright with respect to the bottom tank, and in the core unit, the upper end frame and By removing the coil from the iron core, the iron core was fixed to the bottom tank via the lower end frame and placed upright with respect to the bottom tank, and the iron core was placed upright with respect to the bottom tank. As it is, each silicon steel plate is cut into small pieces one by one, and the cut pieces are removed from the lower end frame, so that it is not necessary to tilt the core unit and the iron core horizontally.

In addition, since it is not necessary to assemble a gate-shaped suspension facility adjacent to the tank or attach a hook to the ceiling, the transformer can be easily disassembled in a substation located in a building or underground. it can.

It is the first figure for demonstrating the method of disassembling the tank in embodiment of this invention. It is an exploded perspective view of a tank. It is a top view of the gate type suspension equipment formed adjacent to a tank in the conventional method of dismantling a transformer. It is a front view of the gantry type suspension equipment formed adjacent to a tank in the conventional method of dismantling a transformer. It is the first figure for demonstrating the disassembly method of the conventional transformer. It is a 2nd figure for demonstrating the disassembly method of the conventional transformer. It is a 3rd figure for demonstrating the dismantling method of the conventional transformer. It is a 4th figure for demonstrating the dismantling method of the conventional transformer. It is the schematic of the transformer in embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the tank in embodiment of this invention. It is a 2nd figure for demonstrating the method of disassembling the tank in embodiment of this invention. It is a 3rd figure for demonstrating the method of disassembling the tank in embodiment of this invention. It is a 4th figure for demonstrating the method of disassembling the tank in embodiment of this invention. It is a 5th figure for demonstrating the method of disassembling the tank in embodiment of this invention. It is a 6th figure for demonstrating the method of disassembling the tank in embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the iron core in embodiment of this invention. It is a 7th figure for demonstrating the method of disassembling the tank in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure 8 for demonstrating the method of disassembling the tank in embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In this case, a substation arranged in a building such as a building or underground, and a transformer installed in the substation will be described.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the transformer according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the tank according to the embodiment of the present invention. The transformer 11 shown in FIG. 9 and the tank 12 shown in FIG. 10 show a general concept, and the shapes, arrangements, and the like of parts are different from those shown in other drawings.

In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a transformer, which is installed on the floor of a substation.

In addition, 12 is a tank in which a core composed of an iron core and a coil is immersed in insulating oil, 13 is a primary bushing that insulates the terminal on the primary side of the electric path, and 14 is a secondary that insulates the terminal on the secondary side of the electric path. Next bushing, 16 is a radiator for cooling the insulating oil whose temperature has risen due to heat generated by energization, 18 is a conservator for absorbing the expansion of the insulating oil caused by the temperature rise in the tank 12, and 19 is LR. Insulated oil active wire purifier for tap switcher, 21 is a pressure release device that releases pressure when the pressure in tank 12 becomes excessively high, 23 is an oil drain valve for draining insulating oil in tank 12. Reference numeral 24 denotes a radiator discharge plug for draining the insulating oil in the radiator 16.

In disassembling the transformer 11, in the present embodiment, a long object such as a pipe, a large device, or the like is cut into small pieces by an electric tool such as a saver saw. Then, the cut pieces are lifted by a nylon spring, a wire, or the like by a small crane carried into the substation and removed. The crane is appropriately disassembled or folded, and is carried into a substation in a building or underground by using an elevator or the like.

Next, a method of disassembling the transformer 11 will be described.

First, the operator removes and removes the control cable, ground wire, electric wire, etc. arranged in the transformer 11, and then cuts a long object such as a pipe into small pieces with an electric tool such as a saver saw. Remove.

Next, the operator opens the oil drain valve 23 to drain the insulating oil in the tank 12, and also opens the radiator discharge plug 24 to drain the insulating oil in the radiator 16. In this case, use a pump to drain the insulating oil if necessary.

Subsequently, the operator uses the crane to remove exterior parts such as the primary bushing 13, the secondary bushing 14, the radiator 16, the conservator 18, the insulating oil hot wire purifier 19, and the pressure release device 21 from the tank 12. After lifting and removing, the tank 12 is disassembled.

As shown in FIG. 10, the tank 12 includes an upper lid 31, a side plate 32, and a bottom tank 33, and the outer housing Cs of the tank 12 is formed by the upper lid 31, the side plate 32, and the bottom tank 33. The core unit 35 is arranged inside.

In the present embodiment, the core unit 35 includes a plurality of iron cores 43 formed by laminating silicon steel plates and coils 44 wound around the iron core 43 and arranged around the iron core 43. Core Ci (i = 1, 2, 3), an upper yoke core (not shown) arranged between the cores 43 above each core Ci, and an upper end frame 38 connecting the cores 43 above each core Ci. A lower yoke core 46 (FIG. 6) arranged between the cores 43 below each core Ci, and a lower end frame 40 connecting the cores 43 below each core Ci are provided, and the lower end frame 40 is provided. By fixing to the bottom tank 33, it is arranged upright in the outer housing Cs. Note that 60 is a lead.

Next, a method of disassembling the tank 12 will be described.

FIG. 1 is a first diagram for explaining a method of disassembling a tank according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a second diagram for explaining a method of disassembling a tank according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is for explaining the method of disassembling the tank according to the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 13 is the fourth figure for explaining the method of disassembling the tank according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 14 is the present invention. FIG. 5 for explaining a method of disassembling a tank according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 15 is a sixth diagram for explaining a method of disassembling a tank according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. A plan view of the iron core according to the embodiment, FIG. 17 is a seventh diagram for explaining a method for disassembling the tank according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 18 is a diagram 18 for explaining a method for disassembling the tank according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 for the purpose.

In the figure, FL is the floor of the substation, 12 is the tank, 61 is the crane placed adjacent to the tank 12, 62 is the workbench assembled around the tank 12, pk (k = 1, 2, ...) Is a worker. The crane 61 can be moved to a predetermined position by a predetermined worker, in the figure, the worker p2 operating a wireless terminal, and can lift a predetermined device or the like.

Further, the crane 61 is arranged below the main body 64 and the main body 64, is projected from the caterpillar base 65 for running the crane 61, and the main body 64, and is arranged so as to be expandable and contractible. A plurality of cranes supporting the main body 64 by being extended around the 64, in the present embodiment, four outriggers 67, which are arranged swingably and expandably above the main body 64. It has a boom 68 provided, a hook 69 attached to the tip of the boom 68, and the like.

In disassembling the tank 12, the worker pk brings the crane 61 close to the tank 12 and cuts the welded portion between the top lid 31 and the side plate 32 of the tank 12 with a plasma cutting machine or the like, as shown in FIG. The upper lid 31 is lifted and removed by the crane 61 after cutting with the electric tool of. The upper lid 31 is cut into small pieces by an electric tool such as a saver saw as needed.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 12, the worker pk cuts the side plate 32 into small pieces with an electric tool such as a saver saw and removes the side plate 32. While the side plate 32 is cut into small pieces, the cut piece 32a is lifted by the crane 61 so as not to fall.

In FIG. 12, 35 is a core unit and 38 is an upper end frame.

When the side plate 32 is removed in this way, the core unit 35 is fixed to the bottom tank 33 and placed upright with respect to the bottom tank 33, as shown in FIG.

Then, the worker pk reassembles the workbench 62 so that the lead 60 (FIG. 10) and the like arranged in the tank 12 can be cut and removed, and then the core unit 35 can be accessed.

Subsequently, the operator pk removes the upper end frame 38 of the core unit 35 while lifting it with the crane 61 by removing the bolts and the like connecting the iron core 43 of each core Ci (FIG. 10) and the upper end frame 38. , Remove, then remove and remove the upper yoke core.

Next, as shown in FIG. 14, the worker pk cuts the coil 44 into small pieces with an electric tool such as a saver saw and removes the coil 44. While the coil 44 is cut into small pieces, the cut piece 44a is lifted by the crane 61 so as not to fall.

When the coil 44 was removed in this way, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 15, each iron core 43 was fixed to the bottom tank 33 via the lower end frame 40 and stood upright with respect to the bottom tank 33. Put in a state.

Subsequently, the worker pk disassembles each iron core 43, and since each iron core 43 is composed of a laminated body of a plurality of silicon steel plates 71 as shown in FIG. 16, a saver saw or the like is used like other devices. Cannot be cut into small pieces with the power tool of.

In this case, it is conceivable to tilt the iron core 43 horizontally and dismantle it, but since the substation is located inside the building or underground, it is possible to assemble a gate-type suspension facility or attach a hook to the ceiling. Therefore, the iron core 43 cannot be lifted.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the iron core 43 is not tilted and is disassembled while being upright with respect to the bottom tank 33. The iron core 43 includes two flat plates 45 (FIG. 5) that sandwich the laminated body of the silicon steel plates 71 from both sides. Each of the flat plates 45 is made of a strip-shaped metal plate. By sandwiching the laminated body from both sides by each flat plate 45 and tightening with bolts penetrating the laminated body and the flat plate 45, each silicon steel plate 71 is prevented from collapsing. The flat plate 45 is not shown.

When disassembling the iron core 43 in an upright position with respect to the bottom tank 33 without tilting the iron core 43, the worker pk is asked to cut the silicon steel plate 71 at a plurality of locations in the height direction of the iron core 43 STm (m = 1, 2, 2, ..., N) is set, and the laminated body of the silicon steel plate 71 is bound by the binding device 72 below each cutting position STm by a predetermined distance.

Subsequently, the worker pk removes the bolts connecting the flat plates 45, peels off the silicon steel plates 71 one by one, and cuts them into small pieces at the cutting position ST1 by a disc grinder 74 as a polishing cutter. When the silicon steel plate 71 is cut into small pieces, the flat plate 45 is also cut into small pieces by the disc grinder 74 at the cutting position ST1.

In this case, while the predetermined worker p3 cuts the silicon steel plate 71 into small pieces by the disc grinder 74, another worker p4 pulls the silicon steel plate 71 toward the front and cuts the silicon steel plate 71 into small pieces. Next, a predetermined space Sp is formed between the silicon steel plate 71 and the silicon steel plate 71 to be cut into small pieces.

If a saver saw is used to cut each silicon steel plate 71 into small pieces, heat is generated due to friction between the blade of the saver saw and the silicon steel sheet 71, the silicon steel sheet 71 becomes hot, and then the silicon steel sheet 71 is cut into small pieces. Since it is welded to the silicon steel plate 71 to be formed, the cut pieces cannot be grasped and removed one by one.

In the present embodiment, since the disc grinder 74 is used to cut the silicon steel plate 71 into small pieces, the silicon steel sheet 71 which generates less heat and is cut into small pieces is then cut into small pieces. It is possible to prevent welding with the silicon steel plate 71. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a space Sp is formed between the silicon steel plate 71 that is subdivided and the silicon steel plate 71 that is then subdivided, so that the silicon steel plate 71 is cooled. It is possible to further prevent welding of the silicon steel plate 71 that is cut into small pieces and the silicon steel plate 71 that is cut into small pieces next.

Each of the cut pieces cut into small pieces is grasped by the worker p4 and removed one by one. Then, as shown in FIG. 17, when the worker p4 cuts the silicon steel plates 71 into small pieces while peeling them one by one at the cutting position ST1 and cuts all the silicon steel sheets 71 into small pieces, the worker p3 binds. The equipment 72 is removed to release the binding, and at the cutting position ST2 one level below, the silicon steel plates 71 are peeled off one by one and cut into small pieces by the disc grinder 74.

While the silicon steel plate 71 is cut into small pieces, the laminated body is bound by the binding device 72 below the cutting position STm, so that it is possible to prevent the laminated body from collapsing.

At each cutting position STm, the silicon steel plate 71 is cut into small pieces while being peeled off one by one, and when the cut pieces are removed, the remaining silicon steel plate 71 is placed in a state of being attached to the lower end frame 40, but the operator The pk removes each silicon steel plate 71 from the lower end frame 40 by removing a bolt or the like connecting the iron core 43 and the lower end frame 40.

At this time, the worker pk also lifts and removes the lower yoke iron core 46 by the crane 61.

When each iron core 43 is disassembled in this way, as shown in FIG. 18, the bottom tank 33 and the lower end frame 40 remain, so that the worker pk saves the lower end frame 40 and the bottom tank 33. Cut into small pieces with an electric tool such as a saw and remove. While the bottom tank 33 is cut in small pieces, the cut piece 33a is lifted by the crane 61 so as not to fall.

As described above, in the present embodiment, in the tank 12, the core unit 35 is fixed to the bottom tank 33 and with respect to the bottom tank 33 by removing the upper lid 31 and the side plate 32 from the bottom tank 33. Placed in an upright position, in the core unit 35, the iron core 43 is fixed to the bottom tank 33 via the lower end frame 40 by removing the upper end frame 38, the upper yoke iron core and the coil 44 from the iron core 43, and , Each silicon steel plate 71 is cut into small pieces one by one while the iron core 43 is placed upright with respect to the bottom tank 33 and the iron core 43 is placed upright with respect to the bottom tank 33, and the cut pieces are removed. Therefore, it is not necessary to tilt the core unit 35 and the iron core 43 horizontally.

Therefore, it is not necessary to assemble a gate-shaped suspension facility adjacent to the tank 12 or attach a hook to the ceiling, so that the transformer 11 can be easily installed in a substation located in a building such as a building or underground. Can be disassembled into.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made based on the gist of the present invention, and these are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.

11 Transformer 12 Tank 31 Top lid 32 Side plate 33 Bottom tank 35 Core unit 38 Upper end frame 40 Lower end frame 43 Iron core 44 Coil 71 Silicon steel plate Cs Outer housing

Claims (4)

In a method of disassembling a tank in which a core unit is immersed in insulating oil and housed in an outer housing composed of a top lid, a side plate and a bottom tank, and a transformer having an exterior component attached to the tank.
(A) Drain the insulating oil from the tank and remove it.
(B) Remove the exterior parts from the tank and
(C) In the tank, the core unit is fixed to the bottom tank and placed upright with respect to the bottom tank by removing the top lid and the side plate from the bottom tank.
(D) In the core unit, by removing the upper end frame and the coil from the iron core, the iron core is fixed to the bottom tank via the lower end frame and placed upright with respect to the bottom tank.
(E) While the iron core is placed upright with respect to the bottom tank, each silicon steel plate is cut into small pieces one by one, and the cut pieces are removed from the lower end frame.
(F) A method for disassembling a transformer, which comprises removing the lower end frame and the bottom tank. (A) The cutting positions of the silicon steel plate are set at a plurality of locations in the height direction of the iron core.
(B) Below each cutting position, the laminated body of silicon steel sheets is bound with a binding device.
(C) At each of the cutting positions, the silicon steel plate is cut into small pieces one by one.
(D) The method for disassembling a transformer according to claim 1, wherein after cutting all the silicon steel plates into small pieces, the binding by the lower binding device is released. The method for disassembling a transformer according to claim 2, wherein the silicon steel plate to be subdivided is separated from the silicon steel plate to be subdivided and a space is formed between the two silicon steel plates. The method for disassembling a transformer according to claim 3, wherein the silicon steel plate is cut into small pieces by a polishing cutter.

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