JP6829107B2 - Railway power compensation device - Google Patents

Description

An embodiment of the present invention relates to a railway power compensator.

Conventionally, a railway single-phase power conditioner (RPC) installed in an AC feeder system using a Scott winding transformer has been known. Scott winding transformers are transformers commonly used in AC feeder systems such as the Shinkansen. Converts a three-phase AC voltage into two single-phase voltage circuits with a phase difference of 90 °. The railway power compensator is connected to the two single-phase circuits (M-seat, T-seat) side of the Scott winding transformer. In the electric power compensating device (RPC) for railways, a single-phase converter connected to the M-seat and a single-phase converter connected to the T-seat are connected by a DC circuit, and the M-seat and the T-seat are connected via the DC circuit. The active power is interchanged between the two, and the M-seat-side converter and the T-seat-side converter independently output the ineffective power.

However, in the method of the prior art, power accommodation is performed so as to compensate for the imbalance of the active power of the loads of the two single-phase circuits, and the ineffective power of each single-phase load is compensated. When it is large, it may not be possible to suppress the fluctuation of the electric voltage caused by the voltage drop of the power supply side system caused by the increase of the train load.

Japanese Patent No. 3316860 Japanese Patent No. 2828863 Japanese Patent No. 3508347

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to perform power interchange so as to compensate for the imbalance of the active power of the loads of the two single-phase circuits, detect the voltage of each single-phase wire, and detect the voltage command value and the voltage. By outputting the amount of invalid power according to the difference from the value, not only the voltage fluctuation caused by the load but also the voltage fluctuation caused by the three-phase power supply system can be suppressed. It is to provide a power compensator.

The railway power compensator of the embodiment includes two single-phase converters, a power detection unit, a voltage detection unit, and a power control unit. The two single-phase converters are connected to the single-phase side of the transformer that converts three-phase power into two single-phase circuits, the M-seat and the T-seat, and are connected to the M-seat and the T-seat, respectively. To. The power detector detects the active power or active current of each of the two single-phase converters. The differential active power compensating unit refers to the detection result of the power detection unit, and multiplies the difference of the active power obtained from each of the M locus and the T locus by 1/2 to obtain the active power of the M locus. Compensate. The voltage detection unit detects the voltage of each of the two single-phase converters. The power control unit outputs reactive power from the two single-phase converters based on the difference between the voltage command value for each of the two single-phase converters and the voltage detection value detected by the voltage detection unit. .. Further, the power control unit is a first limiter that limits the output of the active power based on the absolute value of the larger of the absolute values of the reactive power output from each of the two single-phase converters. It has a part.

The figure which shows the whole configuration example of the railroad power system including the railroad power compensator. The figure which shows the structural example of the electric power command value calculation unit 15 of 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows the structural example of the electric power command value calculation unit 15A of the 2nd Embodiment. The figure which shows the structural example of the power command value calculation unit 15B of a 3rd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, the railway power compensator of the embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration example of a railway power system including a railway power compensation device. The railway power system 1 includes, for example, a three-phase AC power supply 2, a Scott winding transformer 3, single-phase two-system loads 4-1 and 4-2, and a railway power compensator 10.

The three-phase AC power supply 2 is a power supply of a higher system. The three-phase AC power supply 2 supplies a three-phase AC voltage to the Scott winding transformer 3. The Scott winding transformer 3 converts the three-phase AC voltage supplied from the three-phase AC power supply 2 into two single-phase voltage circuits having a phase difference of 90 °. The single-phase two-system loads 4-1 and 4-2 are, for example, trains (railroad vehicles).

The railway power compensator 10 is installed in, for example, an AC feeder system using a Scott winding transformer 3. The railway power compensator 10 is connected to the two single-phase circuits (M-seat and T-seat) of the Scott winding transformer 3. The railway power compensator 10 includes, for example, two single-phase converters 11-1 and 11-2, a DC circuit 12, two voltage detection units 13-1 and 13-2, and two power detection units 14. -1 and 14-2, and a power command value calculation unit 15 are provided. The power command value calculation unit 15 and the power command value calculation units 15A and 15B described later are examples of the “power control unit”.

The single-phase converter 11-1 is connected to a single-phase feeder circuit (hereinafter, abbreviated as "M-seat") whose AC side is on the M-seat side. The single-phase converter 11-2 is connected to a single-phase feeder circuit (hereinafter, abbreviated as "T-seat") whose AC side is on the T-seat side. The DC side of the single-phase converter 11-1 and the DC side of the single-phase converter 11-2 are connected by a DC circuit 12 and a capacitor is connected. The single-phase converters 11-1 and 11-2 are, for example, inverters.

The single-phase converters 11-1 and 11-2 and the DC circuit 12 accommodate the active power output to the M and T seats with respect to the single-phase voltage input from the Scott winding transformer 3. Is performed to balance the two sets of load power, and the reactive power is independently output to each of the M and T seats.

The voltage detection unit 13-1 detects the feeder voltage VM at the M seat. The voltage detection unit 13-2 detects the feeder voltage VT at the T seat. The power detection unit 14-1 detects the active power PML of the M locus. The power detection unit 14-2 detects the active power PTL of the T seat. Further, the power detection unit 14-1 and the power detection unit 14-2 may detect the active currents of the T and M seats, and multiply the detected effective current by a predetermined voltage to calculate the active power. ..

The power command value calculation unit 15 is a single-phase converter 11-based on the voltage value and the power value input from the voltage detection units 13-1 and 13-2 and the power detection units 14-1 and 14-2. The active power command value PrefM and the ineffective power command value QurefM to be output to 1 and the ineffective power command value QurefT to be output to the single-phase converter 11-2 are calculated. Hereinafter, a specific configuration of the power command value calculation unit 15 will be described.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the power command value calculation unit 15 of the first embodiment. The power command value calculation unit 15 shown in FIG. 2 includes, for example, an M-seat invalid power command value calculation unit 20, a T-seat invalid power command value calculation unit 30, and an M-seat active power command value calculation unit 40. Each function unit of the power command value calculation unit 15 is a software function unit that functions by, for example, a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) included in the power command value calculation unit 15 executes a program stored in a program memory. is there. Further, a part or all of each functional unit of the power command value calculation unit 15 may be a hardware functional unit such as an LSI (Large Scale Integration) or an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit).

The M-seat reactive power command value calculation unit 20 includes a first subtraction unit 21, a proportional integrator 22, a gain circuit 23, and a second subtraction unit 24. The first subtraction unit 21 calculates the difference between the feeder voltage detection value VM of the M locus detected by the voltage detection unit 13-1 and the feeder voltage command value VrefM of the M locus.

The proportional integrator 22 performs PI control of the voltage value by the difference between the value input from the first subtraction unit 21 and the value input from the gain circuit 23. PI control is feedback control that combines the operations of proportionality (Proportional) and integral (Integral). The gain circuit 23 multiplies the value input from the proportional integrator 22 by a predetermined gain Xslm and outputs the value to the second subtraction unit 24. The second subtraction unit 24 calculates the difference between the value input by the first subtraction unit 21 and the value (feedback value) input by the gain circuit 23, and outputs the value to the proportional integrator 22. The proportional integrator 22 outputs the reactive power command value QReffM of the M locus so that the feeder voltage detection value VM of the M locus follows the feeder voltage command value VrefM of the M locus by PI control.

The T-seat reactive power command value calculation unit 30 includes a first subtraction unit 31, a proportional integrator 32, a gain circuit 33, and a second subtraction unit 34. The first subtraction unit 31 calculates the difference between the feeder voltage detection value VT at the T-seat and the feeder voltage command value VrefT at the T-seat from the voltage detection unit 13-1. The proportional integrator 32 performs PI control of the voltage value by the difference between the value input from the first subtraction unit 31 and the value input from the gain circuit 33. The gain circuit 33 multiplies the value input from the proportional integrator 32 by a predetermined gain Xslt and outputs the value to the second subtraction unit 34. The second subtraction unit 34 calculates the difference between the value input by the first subtraction unit 31 and the value (feedback value) input by the gain circuit 33, and outputs the value to the proportional integrator 32. The proportional integrator 32 outputs the reactive power command value QRefT of the T-seat so that the feeder voltage detection value VT of the T-seat follows the feeder voltage command value VrefT of the T-seat by PI control.

The M-seat active power command value calculation unit 40 includes, for example, a first subtraction unit 41, a gain circuit 42, and a first-order lag circuit 43. Further, a part or all of the first subtraction unit 41, the gain circuit 42, and the primary delay circuit 43 is an example of the "differential active power compensation unit".

The first subtraction unit 41 calculates the difference between the active power detection value PML of the M locus detected by the power detection unit 14-1 and the active power detection value PTL of the T locus detected by the power detection unit 14-2.

The gain circuit 42 multiplies the value calculated by the first subtraction unit 41 by 1/2 and outputs the active power compensation amount of the M locus. By multiplying 1/2 by the gain circuit 42, it is possible to balance the active powers of the M and T seats.

The first-order lag circuit 43 performs an operation using the transfer function (1/1 + TS) of the first-order lag system on the value subtracted by the first subtraction unit 41. TS is a time constant. The primary lag circuit 43 outputs the calculated value as the active power command value DefM in the M position.

As described above, in the first embodiment, when there is a difference in the active power between the M seat and the T seat, the electric power compensating device 10 for railways reduces the difference by 1/2 to the single-phase converter 11. The active power was exchanged between -1 and the single-phase converter 11-2 via the DC circuit 12, and the difference between the detected value and the command value of the respective voltage detection values of the M and T seats was adjusted. Compensate for magnitude of ineffective power. As a result, according to the first embodiment, the railway power compensator 10 outputs an reactive power having a magnitude corresponding to the difference between the detected value of the feeder voltage and the command value, so that the impedance of the power supply side system Even when the voltage is large and voltage fluctuations are likely to occur, the effect of maintaining the feeding voltage and operating can be enhanced.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, the railway power compensator of the second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the parts having the same functions as the description contents in the first embodiment shall be given the same names and reference numerals, and specific description of the functions will be omitted. The same applies to the third embodiment described later. In the second embodiment, the power command value calculation unit 15A is provided instead of the power command value calculation unit 15 of the railway power compensation device 10 in the overall configuration of the railway power system 1. Therefore, in the following description, the power command value calculation unit 15A will be described.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the power command value calculation unit 15A of the second embodiment. The power command value calculation unit 15A includes, for example, an M-seat invalid power command value calculation unit 20A, a T-seat invalid power command value calculation unit 30A, and an M-seat active power command value calculation unit 40A.

The M-seat reactive power command value calculation unit 20A is, for example, the first subtraction unit 21, the proportional integrator 22, the gain circuit 23, the second subtraction unit 24, the absolute value calculation unit 25, and the maximum value selection circuit 26. And. The M-seat reactive power command value calculation unit 20A further includes an absolute value calculation unit 25 and a maximum value selection circuit 26 as compared with the M-seat invalid power command value calculation unit 20 in the first embodiment.

The absolute value calculation unit (ABS) 25 outputs the absolute value of the reactive power command value QueueM of the M position output from the proportional integrator 22 to the maximum value selection circuit 26. In the maximum value selection circuit (HVG) 26, the absolute value of the reactive power command value QurefM in the M locus and the reactive power command value in the T locus calculated by the absolute value calculation unit 35 of the T locus invalid power command value calculation unit 30A described later Compare with the absolute value of QrefT and select the maximum value Qx from the two absolute values.

The T-seat reactive power command value calculation unit 30A includes, for example, a first subtraction unit 31, a proportional integrator 32, a gain circuit 33, a second subtraction unit 34, and an absolute value calculation unit 35. The T-seat reactive power command value calculation unit 30A further includes an absolute value calculation unit 35 as compared with the T-seat reactive power command value calculation unit 30 in the first embodiment. The absolute value calculation unit 35 outputs the absolute value of the reactive power command value QLefT in the T position to the maximum value selection circuit 26. The maximum value selection circuit 26 may include any one of the M-seat invalid power command value calculation unit 20A, the T-seat invalid power command value calculation unit 30A, and the M-seat active power command value calculation unit 40A. Just do it.

The M-seat active power command value calculation unit 40A includes, for example, a first subtraction unit 41, a gain circuit 42, a limiter calculation unit 44, a gain circuit 45, and a primary delay circuit 46 with a limiter. Further, a part or all of the limiter calculation unit 44, the gain circuit 45, and the primary delay circuit 46 with a limiter is an example of the "first limiter unit".

The M-seat active power command value calculation unit 40A further includes a limiter calculation unit 44 and a gain circuit 45 as compared with the M-seat active power command value calculation unit 40 in the first embodiment. Further, the M-seat active power command value calculation unit 40A includes a primary delay circuit 46 with a limiter instead of the primary delay circuit 43.

The limiter calculation unit 44 calculates the upper limit limiter value “SQRT (1-Qx ² )” of the first-order lag circuit using the maximum value Qx selected by the maximum value selection circuit 26. For example, in the control system of the railway power system 1, the rated capacity of 100% is set to 1, and the square root of the sum of the square of the active power P and the square of the ineffective power Q is 1 (that is, "SQRT (P ² + Q ^2)". ) = 1 ”), and if a value higher than this is given, the current input to the single-phase converter 11 or the like becomes an overcurrent, and the single-phase converter 11 or the like becomes an overload.

Therefore, in the second embodiment, the limiter calculation unit 44 calculates the upper limit of the active power command value. Further, the gain circuit 45 calculates the lower limit value by multiplying the value calculated by the limiter calculation unit 44 by the gain -1. In the primary delay circuit 46 with a limiter, among the values input from the gain circuit 42, the value within the range of the upper limit value obtained by the limiter calculation unit 44 and the lower limit value obtained by the gain circuit 45 is valid for the M position. It is output as the power command value DefM.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, the railway power compensator 10 limits the active power command value PrefM based on the reactive power command values of the M and T seats, thereby limiting the active power. Since the reactive power can be output with priority over, the voltage fluctuation can be suppressed more efficiently.

(Third Embodiment)
Next, the railway power compensator of the third embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the parts having the same functions as the description contents in the second embodiment shall be given the same names and reference numerals, and specific description of the functions will be omitted. The same applies to the third embodiment described later. In the third embodiment, the power command value calculation unit 15B is provided instead of the power command value calculation unit 15A of the railway power compensation device 10 in the overall configuration of the railway power system 1. Therefore, in the following description, the power command value calculation unit 15B will be described.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the power command value calculation unit 15B of the third embodiment. The power command value calculation unit 15B includes, for example, an M-seat invalid power command value calculation unit 20B, a T-seat invalid power command value calculation unit 30B, and an M-seat active power command value calculation unit 40B. The M-seat active power command value calculation unit 40B has the same configuration as the M-seat active power command value calculation unit 40A in the second embodiment. In the following description, the M-seat invalid power command value calculation unit 20B and the T-seat invalid power command value calculation unit 30B will be described.

The M-seat reactive power command value calculation unit 20B includes, for example, a first subtraction unit 21, a gain circuit 23, a second subtraction unit 24, an absolute value calculation unit 25, a maximum value selection circuit 26, and a proportional integrator with a limiter. It is equipped with a vessel 27. The M-seat reactive power command value calculation unit 20A includes a proportional integrator 27 with a limiter instead of the proportional integrator 22 as compared with the M-seat ineffective power command value calculation unit 20A in the second embodiment. The proportional integrator 27 with a limiter and the proportional integrator 36 with a limiter described later are examples of the “second limiter portion”.

The proportional integrator 27 with a limiter has an upper limit with respect to the reactive power of the M locus output by the second subtraction unit 24 in order to limit the power value of the reactive power of the M locus output from the single-phase converter 11-1. And a limiter of the lower limit is provided to limit the invalid power command value QUEfM of the M seat. The value of the limiter is, for example, about 60% to 80% for both the upper limit and the lower limit with respect to the value output by the second subtraction unit 24. By providing a limiter with a value of about 60 to 80%, it is possible to reduce fluctuations in active power while giving priority to reactive power.

The T-seat reactive power command value calculation unit 30B includes, for example, a first subtraction unit 31, a gain circuit 33, a second subtraction unit 34, an absolute value calculation unit 35, and a proportional integrator 36 with a limiter. The T-seat reactive power command value calculation unit 30A includes a proportional integrator 36 with a limiter instead of the proportional integrator 32 as compared with the T-seat ineffective power command value calculation unit 30A in the second embodiment.

The proportional integrator 36 with a limiter has an upper limit with respect to the reactive power of the T-seat output by the second subtraction unit 34 in order to limit the power value of the reactive power of the T-seat output from the single-phase converter 11-2. And a limiter of the lower limit is provided to limit the invalid power command value EQUT of the T seat. The limiter value is about 60% to 80% for both the upper limit and the lower limit, similarly to the proportional integrator 27 with a limiter on the M seat side. In the example of FIG. 4, both the proportional integrator 27 with a limiter and the proportional integrator 36 with a limiter have a limiter value of ± 0.7 (70%). By setting the limiter limit of the proportional integrator 27 with a limiter and the proportional integrator 36 with a limiter under the same conditions, it is possible to output the reactive power command value without waste.

As described above, according to the third embodiment, the railway power compensator 10 sets the absolute value of the ineffective power command value at the M and T seats of the single-phase converters 11-1 and 11-2. By setting the value smaller than the rated power, it is possible to adjust the output range in which the ineffective power is given priority over the active power. Further, in the third embodiment, the power command value calculation unit 15B sets the limiter of the reactive power command value of the M and T seats to about 60 to 80%, and sets the limiter of the reactive power in the limiter to be larger than the active power. Give priority to output. As a result, for example, even when the voltage fluctuation becomes large due to the input of the transformer or the like provided in the single-phase two-system loads 4-1 and 4-2, the active power of the loads of the two single-phase circuits is unbalanced. Since compensation (reverse phase compensation) can be performed at about 80 to 60%, voltage fluctuation can be suppressed more effectively. The first to third embodiments described above may be a combination of some or all of at least one other embodiment.

According to at least one embodiment described above, the three-phase AC power supply 2 is connected to the single-phase side of the Scott winding transformer 3 that converts the three-phase AC power supply 2 into two single-phase circuits, the M-seat and the T-seat. A power detector that detects the active power or active current of the two single-phase converters 11-1 and 11-2 and the two single-phase converters 11-1 and 11-2, respectively, connected to the seat. With reference to the detection results of 14-1 and 14-2 and the power detection units 14-1 and 14-2, multiply the difference of active power obtained from each of the M and T seats by 1/2 to M. The M-seat active power command value calculation unit 40 that compensates for the active power of the seat, and the voltage detection units 13-1 and 13-2 that detect the voltage for each of the two single-phase converters 11-1 and 11-2. Two single-phase converters 11 based on the difference between the voltage command value for each of the two single-phase converters 11-1 and 11-2 and the voltage detection value detected by the voltage detectors 13-1 and 13-2. By having the power command value calculation unit 15 for outputting the invalid power from -1 and 11-2, the voltage fluctuation can be effectively suppressed.

Although some embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, as well as in the scope of the invention described in the claims and the equivalent scope thereof.

1 ... Railway power system, 2 ... Three-phase AC power supply, 3 ... Scott winding transformer, 4 ... Single-phase two-system load, 10 ... Railway power compensator, 11 ... Single-phase converter, 12 ... DC circuit, 13 ... Voltage detection unit, 14 ... Power detection unit, 15, 15A, 15B ... Power command value calculation unit, 20 ... M-seat invalid power command value calculation unit, 21, 31, 41 ... First subtraction unit, 22, 32 ... Proportional integrator, 23, 33, 42, 45 ... Gain circuit, 24, 34 ... Second subtraction unit, 25, 35 ... Absolute value calculation unit, 26 ... Maximum value selection circuit, 27, 36 ... Proportional integrator with limiter, 40 ... M-seat active power command value calculation unit, 43 ... primary delay circuit, 44 ... limiter calculation unit, 46 ... primary delay circuit with limiter

Claims (2)

Two single-phase converters connected to the single-phase side of a transformer that converts three-phase power into two single-phase circuits, M and T, and connected to each of the M and T. ,
A power detector that detects the active power or active current of each of the two single-phase converters,
The differential active power compensating unit that compensates for the active power of the M constellation by multiplying the difference of the active power obtained from each of the M locus and the T locus by 1/2 with reference to the detection result of the power detection unit. When,
A voltage detector that detects the voltage of each of the two single-phase converters,
A power control unit that outputs reactive power from the two single-phase converters based on the difference between the voltage command value for each of the two single-phase converters and the voltage detection value detected by the voltage detection unit. equipped with a,
The power control unit is a first limiter that limits the output of the active power based on the absolute value of the larger of the absolute values of the reactive power output from each of the two single-phase converters. With more parts,
Railway power compensation device. The absolute value of the output of the reactive power of the two single-phase transformer further comprises a second limiter part which is smaller than the rated power of the two single-phase transformer,
The railway power compensation device according to claim 1 .

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