JP6833744B2 - How to make high-quality watercolor paper - Google Patents
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本発明は、水彩画用紙の製造方法に係り、特に、上級者向けの水彩画用紙として、水彩絵具で画像を描いた際に絵具濃度が高く、色ムラの発生の少ない高級水彩画用紙の製造方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a watercolor paper, and more particularly to a method for manufacturing a high-grade watercolor paper as a watercolor paper for advanced users, which has a high paint density and less color unevenness when an image is drawn with a watercolor paint. Is.
水彩画用紙は、原料パルプの種類とその配合割合により、最高級水彩画用紙、高級水彩画用紙、水彩画用紙の3種に区分される。一般的に最高級水彩画用紙はコットンパルプのみ、若しくはコットンパルプを高い割合で配合したもの、高級水彩画用紙はコットンパルプと木材パルプ等を併用したもの、水彩画用紙はコットンパルプを含有しないものである。これらの中でも最高級水彩画用紙及び高級水彩画用紙は、水が紙中へ速やかに吸収されることで画線が滲みにくいことから、上級者向けとされている。 Watercolor paper is classified into three types, high-grade watercolor paper, high-grade watercolor paper, and watercolor paper, depending on the type of raw material pulp and its blending ratio. Generally, the finest watercolor paper is only cotton pulp or a mixture of cotton pulp in a high proportion, the high-grade watercolor paper is a combination of cotton pulp and wood pulp, and the watercolor paper does not contain cotton pulp. Among these, the finest watercolor paper and the high-grade watercolor paper are intended for advanced users because the water is quickly absorbed into the paper and the image lines are less likely to bleed.
従来より、このような上級者向けの水彩画用紙について必要な特性を付与するために様々な提案がなされている。例えば、特許文献1には、水彩絵具の水が速やかに紙の内部に吸収されて画線がにじまず、均一な発色性を持ち、経時により紙が変色や強度劣化しにくいことを課題とし、30重量%以上がコットンパルプからなる製紙用繊維を350〜550mlC.S.F.に叩解し、かつエポキシ化高級脂肪酸アミドを0.1〜1.5重量%含有させて抄紙し、冷水抽出pHが6.0〜9.5である水彩画用紙が提案されている。 Conventionally, various proposals have been made to impart the necessary characteristics to such a watercolor paper for advanced users. For example, Patent Document 1 has an object that water of a watercolor paint is quickly absorbed inside the paper, the image lines do not bleed, the paper has a uniform color development property, and the paper is less likely to be discolored or deteriorate in strength with time. , 30 to 550 ml of papermaking fibers made of cotton pulp in an amount of 30% by weight or more. S. F. A watercolor paper having a cold water extraction pH of 6.0 to 9.5 has been proposed, which is made by beating and containing 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of an epoxidized higher fatty acid amide.
また特許文献2には、絵筆等で描かれた場合に水彩絵具の水の吸収性に著しく優れ、均一な発色性を持ち、毛羽立ちが起こりにくく、安価な高級水彩画用紙と同等の性能を有することを課題とし、製紙用繊維を450〜650mlC.S.F.に叩解し、湿式含浸法により水溶性分子を製紙用繊維に対し1〜20重量%含有させて抄紙した水彩画用紙が提案されている。 Further, Patent Document 2 states that when drawn with a paintbrush or the like, the watercolor paint has remarkably excellent water absorption, has uniform color development, is less likely to cause fluffing, and has the same performance as inexpensive high-grade watercolor paper. The subject is 450 to 650 ml of C.I. S. F. A watercolor paper is proposed in which water-soluble molecules are contained in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight based on papermaking fibers by a wet impregnation method.
上記の通り、上級者向けの水彩画用紙には、水彩絵具を水に希釈し筆で描いた際に、画像に均一な発色性を発現する配慮がなされている。更に、近年では視認した画像を水彩画用紙上に再現良く描写するために、より絵具濃度が高く、且つ均一な発色性を有する水彩画用紙の提供が望まれている。 As described above, the watercolor paper for advanced users is considered to exhibit uniform color development in the image when the watercolor paint is diluted with water and drawn with a brush. Further, in recent years, in order to reproduce a visually recognized image on a watercolor paper with good reproducibility, it has been desired to provide a watercolor paper having a higher paint density and uniform color development.
しかしながら、特許文献1,2に記載された技術では、絵具濃度や色ムラの点で十分とは言えなかった。 However, the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are not sufficient in terms of paint density and color unevenness.
本発明は、上述の問題点に着目してなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、水彩絵具で画像を描いた際に絵具濃度が高く、色ムラの発生も少なく、上級者向けとして好適な水彩画用紙を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made by paying attention to the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is that when an image is drawn with a watercolor paint, the paint density is high, the occurrence of color unevenness is small, and the present invention is intended for advanced users. The purpose is to provide a suitable watercolor paper.
本発明の他の目的並びに作用効果については、以下の記述を参照することにより、当業者であれば容易に理解されるであろう。 Other objects of the invention and effects will be readily understood by those skilled in the art by reference to the following description.
前記課題を解決し得る絵具受理層の処方について検討を重ねた結果、アルキルケテンダイマーと水性ポリエチレン樹脂を特定量含有することによって、目的とする水彩画用紙が得られることを見出した。 As a result of repeated studies on the formulation of the paint receiving layer that can solve the above problems, it was found that the desired watercolor paper can be obtained by containing a specific amount of the alkyl ketene dimer and the water-based polyethylene resin.
すなわち本発明に係る水彩画用紙の製造方法は、パルプを主体とする基紙の少なくとも一方の面に、ゼラチン3〜10質量%、アルキルケテンダイマー0.1〜0.3質量%、水性ポリエステル樹脂0.1〜2.0質量%の濃度で含有する絵具受理層用塗料を塗布し、乾燥することで絵具受理層を設けることを特徴とするものである。 That is, in the method for producing a watercolor paper according to the present invention, gelatin is 3 to 10% by mass, alkyl ketene dimer is 0.1 to 0.3% by mass, and water-based polyester resin is 0 on at least one surface of a base paper mainly composed of pulp. It is characterized in that a paint receiving layer is provided by applying a paint for a paint receiving layer contained in a concentration of 1 to 2.0% by mass and drying the paint.
このような構成によれば、水彩絵具で画像を描いた際に絵具濃度が高く、色ムラの発生も少なく、上級者向けとして好適な水彩画用紙が得られる。 According to such a configuration, when an image is drawn with a watercolor paint, the paint density is high, the occurrence of color unevenness is small, and a watercolor paper suitable for advanced users can be obtained.
本発明の好ましい実施の形態においては、前記パルプのうち50質量%以上を、JIS P 8121によるカナダ標準濾水度(CSF)が500〜650ml(CSF)であるコットンパルプ及び/又はマーセル化したコットンパルプとする。 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, 50% by mass or more of the pulp is cotton pulp having a Canadian standard drainage (CSF) of 500 to 650 ml (CSF) according to JIS P 8121 and / or mercerized cotton. Let it be pulp.
このような構成によれば、基紙中のコットンパルプ及び/又はマーセル化したコットンパルプの配合割合が高く濾水度も適切な範囲であることから、適度な吸収性を有し色ムラが生じにくい水彩画用紙が得られる。 According to such a configuration, since the blending ratio of the cotton pulp and / or the mercerized cotton pulp in the base paper is high and the degree of drainage is also in an appropriate range, it has an appropriate absorbency and color unevenness occurs. A difficult watercolor paper can be obtained.
本発明の好ましい実施の形態においては、前記絵具受理層用塗料は、更に硫酸カリウムアルミニウム水和物を含有させる。 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the paint for the paint receiving layer further contains potassium aluminum sulfate hydrate.
このような構成によれば、絵具受理層に硫酸カリウムアルミニウム水和物を配合することで、ゼラチンと架橋してより耐水性を向上させることができる。 According to such a configuration, by blending potassium aluminum sulfate hydrate in the paint receiving layer, it can be crosslinked with gelatin to further improve water resistance.
本発明の好ましい実施の形態においては、JIS P−8133による冷水抽出pH値を7〜9とする。 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cold water extraction pH value according to JIS P-8133 is 7 to 9.
このような構成によれば、水彩画用紙が中性紙となるため、絵が完成した後に長期間保存する場合であっても、経時による色変化が少なく好ましい。 According to such a configuration, since the watercolor paper is a neutral paper, it is preferable that the color change with time is small even when the picture is stored for a long period of time after it is completed.
また本発明は、水彩画用紙の絵具受理層用塗料に関する発明としても捉えることができる。 The present invention can also be regarded as an invention relating to a paint for a paint receiving layer of watercolor paper.
本発明に係る水彩画用紙の絵具受理層用塗料は、ゼラチンを3〜10質量%、アルキルケテンダイマーを0.1〜0.3質量%、水性ポリエステル樹脂を0.1〜2.0質量%の濃度で含有することを特徴とするものである。 The paint for the paint receiving layer of the watercolor paper according to the present invention contains 3 to 10% by mass of gelatin, 0.1 to 0.3% by mass of alkyl ketene dimer, and 0.1 to 2.0% by mass of water-based polyester resin. It is characterized by being contained in a concentration.
このような構成によれば、上述の構成の絵具受理層用塗料を基紙に塗布することで、水彩絵具で画像を描いた際に絵具濃度が高く、色ムラの発生も少なく、上級者向けとして好適な水彩画用紙を製造することができる。 According to such a configuration, by applying the paint for the paint receiving layer of the above configuration to the base paper, the paint density is high when the image is drawn with the watercolor paint, the occurrence of color unevenness is small, and it is for advanced users. It is possible to produce a watercolor paper suitable for this.
本発明により製造した水彩画用紙は、アルキルケテンダイマー、水性ポリエステル樹脂を特定量含有することによって水彩絵具の塗布乾燥後の色濃度がより高く均一な発色を有することができる。 By containing a specific amount of alkyl ketene dimer and water-based polyester resin, the watercolor paper produced according to the present invention can have a higher color density after application and drying of the watercolor paint and have uniform color development.
次に本発明について詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの記載に限定して解釈されない。 Next, the present invention will be described in detail, but the present invention is not construed as being limited to these descriptions.
本発明に係る水彩画用紙の製造方法は、パルプを主体とする基紙の少なくとも一方の面に、ゼラチン3〜10質量%、アルキルケテンダイマー0.1〜0.3質量%、水性ポリエステル樹脂0.1〜2.0質量%の濃度で含有する絵具受理層用塗料を塗布し、乾燥することで絵具受理層を設けることを特徴とする。 In the method for producing a watercolor paper according to the present invention, 3 to 10% by mass of gelatin, 0.1 to 0.3% by mass of alkyl ketene dimer, and 0. A paint for a paint receiving layer contained in a concentration of 1 to 2.0% by mass is applied and dried to provide a paint receiving layer.
(基紙)
本発明において用いる基紙の原料パルプとしては、LBKP(広葉樹晒クラフトパルプ)、NBKP(針葉樹晒クラフトパルプ)、NBSP(針葉樹晒サルファイトパルプ)をなどの化学パルプ、TMP(サーモメカニカルパルプ)、CTMP(ケミサーモメカニカルパルプ)などの機械パルプ、DIP(脱インキパルプ)等の木材パルプ、ケナフ、バガス、竹、コットン、マーセル化したコットンなどの非木材パルプなどを、単独で使用するか、又は任意の割合で混合して使用することが可能である。これらの中でも、適度な水彩絵具の吸収性を有し水彩絵具を水で塗りのばすときに色ムラをより少なくすることができることから、本発明においてはコットンパルプ、及び/又はマーセル化したコットンパルプを単独で用いるか、これらと化学パルプを併用することが好ましい。コットンパルプ及び/又はマーセル化したコットンパルプと化学パルプを併用する場合の配合割合は、コットンパルプ及び/又はマーセル化したコットンパルプの割合をパルプ全量の50質量%以上とすることが好ましく、絵具の吸収性の面から60質量%以上がより好ましく、70質量%以上であれば更に好ましい。
(Base paper)
As the raw material pulp of the base paper used in the present invention, chemical pulps such as LBKP (broadwood bleached kraft pulp), NBKP (coniferous bleached kraft pulp), NBSP (coniferous bleached sulfite pulp), TMP (thermomechanical pulp), CTMP Mechanical pulp such as (chemythermomechanical pulp), wood pulp such as DIP (deinked pulp), non-wood pulp such as Kenaf, Bagas, bamboo, cotton, and marcelized cotton are used alone or optionally. It is possible to mix and use at the ratio of. Among these, in the present invention, cotton pulp and / or mercerized cotton pulp are used because they have an appropriate absorbency of watercolor paint and can reduce color unevenness when the watercolor paint is spread with water. It is preferable to use them alone or in combination with chemical pulp. When the cotton pulp and / or the mercerized cotton pulp and the chemical pulp are used in combination, the proportion of the cotton pulp and / or the mercerized cotton pulp is preferably 50% by mass or more of the total amount of the pulp. From the viewpoint of absorbability, 60% by mass or more is more preferable, and 70% by mass or more is further preferable.
また、原料パルプとしてコットンパルプ及び/又はマーセル化したコットンパルプを用いる場合には、パルプスラリーにおけるパルプのJIS P 8121「パルプのろ水度試験方法」に規定されるカナダ標準濾水度(CSF)が500〜650mlの範囲であることが好ましい。コットンパルプの濾水度が500ml未満であると、抄紙後の基紙が十分な吸水性を持たないことで絵具受理層用塗料の吸収性が損なわれ、十分な塗布量が確保出来ないおそれがある。一方、コットンパルプの濾水度が650mlを越えると、基紙の地合いを整えることが難しく、さらに表面強度が弱くなるおそれがある。なお、LBKPやサルファイドパルプ等の化学パルプのカナダ標準濾水度(CSF)は、400〜600mlとして混合することが好ましい。 When cotton pulp and / or mercerized cotton pulp is used as the raw material pulp, the Canadian standard drainage degree (CSF) specified in JIS P 8121 "Pulp Curability Test Method" of pulp in pulp slurry. Is preferably in the range of 500 to 650 ml. If the drainage degree of the cotton pulp is less than 500 ml, the base paper after papermaking does not have sufficient water absorption, so that the absorbability of the paint for the paint receiving layer is impaired, and there is a risk that a sufficient coating amount cannot be secured. is there. On the other hand, if the degree of drainage of the cotton pulp exceeds 650 ml, it is difficult to adjust the texture of the base paper, and the surface strength may be further weakened. The Canadian standard drainage level (CSF) of chemical pulps such as LBKP and sulfide pulp is preferably 400 to 600 ml for mixing.
本発明においては、基紙に填料を含有させてもよい。ここで用いる填料としては特に限定するものではなく、例えば、軽質炭酸カルシウム、重質炭酸カルシウム、タルク、クレー、カオリン、焼成クレー、二酸化チタン、硫酸バリウム、ケイ酸カルシウム等の一般的な填料から適宜選択して用いることができるが、水彩画用紙に白さを求める場合には、二酸化チタン及び/又は硫酸バリウムを使用することが好ましい。また、用いる填料の平均粒子径は、歩留まり等を考慮してマイクロトラックHRA(ハネウェル社製)を用いたレーザー法で測定した体積平均粒子径5μm以下のものを選択することが好ましい。 In the present invention, the base paper may contain a filler. The filler used here is not particularly limited, and is appropriately selected from general fillers such as light calcium carbonate, heavy calcium carbonate, talc, clay, kaolin, calcined clay, titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, and calcium silicate. Although it can be selected and used, it is preferable to use titanium dioxide and / or barium sulfate when whiteness is required for the watercolor paper. Further, as the average particle size of the filler to be used, it is preferable to select one having a volume average particle size of 5 μm or less measured by a laser method using Microtrac HRA (manufactured by Honeywell Co., Ltd.) in consideration of yield and the like.
本発明に係る水彩画用紙は、JIS P−8133による冷水抽出pH値が7〜9である中性紙とすることが好ましい。水彩画用紙は絵が完成した後に長期保存されることが多いために、紙表面の経時的色変化が起こりにくい中性紙が好ましいためである。JIS P−8133による冷水抽出pH値を7〜9の範囲とするためには、抄紙時の原料スラリーのpHを7〜9とすることが好ましい。 The watercolor paper according to the present invention is preferably acid-free paper having a cold water extraction pH value of 7 to 9 according to JIS P-8133. This is because watercolor paper is often stored for a long period of time after the picture is completed, and therefore acid-free paper is preferable because the color of the paper surface does not change over time. In order for the cold water extraction pH value according to JIS P-8133 to be in the range of 7 to 9, it is preferable that the pH of the raw material slurry at the time of papermaking is 7 to 9.
本発明に係る水彩画用紙は多量に水分を含む筆で筆記されるため、用紙に耐水性を付与して表面の毛羽立ち等の肌の荒れを防止し、水彩絵具が乾燥した後の水彩画用紙の波うちや変形を防止する必要がある。そのため基紙には、紙力増強剤を含有させることが好ましい。ここで用いることができる紙力増強剤としては、例えば、ポリアミドエピクロロヒドリン系紙力増強剤、澱粉系紙力増強剤、ポリアクリルアミド系紙力増強剤、ポリビニルアルコール系紙力増強剤等が挙げられるが、湿潤紙力強度を向上させやすいことから、特にポリアミドエピクロロヒドリン系紙力増強剤が好ましい。 Since the watercolor paper according to the present invention is written with a brush containing a large amount of water, it imparts water resistance to the paper to prevent rough skin such as fluffing on the surface, and waves of the watercolor paper after the watercolor paint has dried. It is necessary to prevent the inside and deformation. Therefore, it is preferable that the base paper contains a paper strength enhancer. Examples of the paper strength enhancer that can be used here include polyamide epichlorohydrin-based paper strength enhancers, starch-based paper strength enhancers, polyacrylamide-based paper strength enhancers, and polyvinyl alcohol-based paper strength enhancers. However, a polyamide epichlorohydrin-based paper strength enhancer is particularly preferable because it is easy to improve the wet paper strength.
本発明において基紙には、本発明の目的を損なわない範囲で、カチオン性澱粉、内添中性サイズ剤、硫酸バンド、嵩高剤、歩留り向上剤、濾水性向上剤、着色染料、着色顔料、蛍光増白剤、蛍光消色剤、ピッチコントロール剤などの各種助剤を適宜使用することができる。 In the present invention, the base paper includes a cationic starch, an internal neutral sizing agent, a sulfuric acid band, a bulking agent, a yield improver, a drainage improver, a coloring dye, and a coloring pigment, as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. Various auxiliary agents such as fluorescent whitening agents, fluorescent decoloring agents, and pitch control agents can be appropriately used.
本発明において基紙の抄紙方法は特に限定するものではなく、円網抄紙機、短網抄紙機、長網抄紙機、これらの抄紙機のコンビネーション抄紙機など従来から周知の抄紙機を使用して、単層または抄合わせにして抄造できる。抄合わせとする場合には、抄合わせ各層の層間剥離を防止するために層間用澱粉等の紙力剤をスプレー塗布しても良い。 In the present invention, the method for making the base paper is not particularly limited, and a conventionally well-known paper machine such as a circular net paper machine, a short net paper machine, a long net paper machine, and a combination paper machine of these paper machines is used. Can be made in a single layer or as a paper machine. In the case of abstracting, a paper strength agent such as starch for interlayer coating may be spray-coated to prevent delamination of each layer of abstracting.
(絵具受理層)
本発明に係る水彩画用紙は、水彩絵具を塗布して乾燥させた後の色濃度がより高くなり且つ色ムラが発生しないように、基紙の少なくとも一方の面に絵具受理層を設ける。本発明において絵具受理層には、少なくともゼラチン、アルキルケテンダイマー、水性ポリエステル樹脂を含有させる。
(Paint receiving layer)
The watercolor paper according to the present invention is provided with a paint receiving layer on at least one surface of the base paper so that the color density after the watercolor paint is applied and dried is higher and color unevenness does not occur. In the present invention, the paint receiving layer contains at least gelatin, an alkyl ketene dimer, and an aqueous polyester resin.
ここでゼラチンはバインダーとして配合するものであり、バインダーはゼラチンを主体として、絵具受理層全体に対して基紙片面当たりゼラチン3〜10質量%を含有させることが好ましい。絵具受理層中のゼラチンの含有割合が3質量%未満であると、絵具受理層表面に十分なゼラチン膜が形成されずに湿潤表面強度が不足するおそれがある。また、水彩絵具の保持性が劣り、水彩絵具で重ね塗りを行ったときに先に塗布した水彩絵具が脱落しやすくなるおそれもある。一方、絵具受理層中のゼラチンの含有割合が10質量%を超えると絵具受理層用塗料の粘度が高くなり、ポンプアップ不良、サイズプレスでの液ハネ、エアーナイフ方式でナイフが切れないなどの問題が生じ、安定して塗料を基紙の表面に塗布することが困難となるおそれがある。また、塗料の塗布工程や、塗布後の乾燥工程、配管などの汚れも生じやすくなるため、経済的にも不利となる。 Here, gelatin is blended as a binder, and it is preferable that the binder is mainly gelatin and contains 3 to 10% by mass of gelatin per one side of the base paper with respect to the entire paint receiving layer. If the content of gelatin in the paint receiving layer is less than 3% by mass, a sufficient gelatin film may not be formed on the surface of the paint receiving layer and the wet surface strength may be insufficient. In addition, the retention of the watercolor paint is inferior, and there is a possibility that the previously applied watercolor paint may easily come off when recoating with the watercolor paint. On the other hand, if the content of gelatin in the paint receiving layer exceeds 10% by mass, the viscosity of the paint for the paint receiving layer becomes high, resulting in poor pump-up, liquid splashing with a size press, and the knife not being cut by the air knife method. Problems may occur, making it difficult to stably apply the paint to the surface of the base paper. In addition, the coating process, the drying process after application, and the piping are likely to be soiled, which is economically disadvantageous.
ゼラチンは澱粉やポリビニルアルコールなどの他のバインダーより高い絵具保持性を有しており、更に高い耐水性を付与することができるために筆で水彩絵具を重ね塗りする際に用紙表面が荒れるのを防止することができる。また、ゼラチンと硫酸カリウムアルミニウム水和物を併用することで、ゼラチンを架橋して耐水性の効果を増進することもできる。硫酸カリウムアルミニウム水和物を併用する場合には、配合割合はゼラチンに対して0.5〜5.0質量%の範囲であることが好ましい。 Gelatin has higher paint retention than other binders such as starch and polyvinyl alcohol, and can impart even higher water resistance, so that the surface of the paper becomes rough when overcoating with watercolor paint with a brush. Can be prevented. In addition, by using gelatin and potassium alum hydrate in combination, gelatin can be crosslinked to enhance the water resistance effect. When potassium aluminum sulphate hydrate is used in combination, the blending ratio is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 5.0% by mass with respect to gelatin.
本発明において絵具受理層には、アルキルケテンダイマーを含有させる。絵具受理層にアルキルケテンダイマーを含有させることで、水彩絵具の滲みを調整し、且つ水彩絵具が紙中に沈み込みすぎるのを防止することができる。アルキルケテンダイマーは中性条件下で効果が発現し、画像の長期保存が可能となる。アルキルケテンダイマー以外の中性サイズ剤は濡れ性が良くなり過ぎて色ムラが発生する。 In the present invention, the paint receiving layer contains an alkyl ketene dimer. By including the alkyl ketene dimer in the paint receiving layer, it is possible to adjust the bleeding of the watercolor paint and prevent the watercolor paint from sinking too much into the paper. Alkyl ketene dimers are effective under neutral conditions and enable long-term storage of images. Neutral sizing agents other than alkyl ketene dimers have too good wettability and cause color unevenness.
ここでアルキルケテンダイマーは、基紙の少なくとも一方の面の絵具受理層に片面当たり固形分で、絵具受理層全体に対して0.1〜0.3質量%の範囲で含有させる。絵具受理層中のアルキルケテンダイマーの含有量が0.1質量%未満であると、アルキルケテンダイマーの含有量が十分ではないために水彩絵具の紙中への吸収性が高くなり水彩絵具を塗布した際に筆跡や色ムラが発生しやすくなる。一方、アルキルケテンダイマーの含有量が0.3質量%を超えると水彩絵具の紙中への吸収性が低くなりすぎ、乾燥が遅く水彩絵具の保持性が損なわれてしまう。 Here, the alkyl ketene dimer is contained in the paint receiving layer on at least one side of the base paper in a solid content per side in the range of 0.1 to 0.3% by mass with respect to the entire paint receiving layer. If the content of the alkyl ketene dimer in the paint receiving layer is less than 0.1% by mass, the content of the alkyl ketene dimer is not sufficient, so that the water absorbency of the watercolor paint into the paper becomes high and the watercolor paint is applied. When this is done, brush strokes and color unevenness are likely to occur. On the other hand, if the content of the alkyl ketene dimer exceeds 0.3% by mass, the absorbability of the watercolor paint into the paper becomes too low, the drying is slow, and the retention of the watercolor paint is impaired.
また絵具受理層には、浸透剤として水性ポリエステル樹脂を含有させる。水性ポリエステル樹脂は、水溶性あるいは水分散性を付与するために分子中に親水基としてスルホン酸塩基あるいはカルボン酸塩基を含有するように重合されており、一般的にSR剤(Soil Release剤)として利用されている。本願発明者らは、絵具受理層に水性ポリエステル樹脂を含有させることで用紙表面の濡れ性を向上させて水彩絵具の塗布乾燥後の色濃度をより高いものにできることを見出した。 Further, the paint receiving layer contains an aqueous polyester resin as a penetrant. The water-based polyester resin is polymerized so as to contain a sulfonic acid base or a carboxylic acid base as a hydrophilic group in the molecule in order to impart water solubility or water dispersibility, and is generally used as an SR agent (Soil Release agent). It's being used. The inventors of the present application have found that by incorporating a water-based polyester resin in the paint receiving layer, the wettability of the paper surface can be improved and the color density after application and drying of the watercolor paint can be increased.
ここで水性ポリエステル樹脂は、基紙の少なくとも一方の面の絵具受理層に片面当たり固形分で絵具受理層全体に対して0.1〜2.0質量%の範囲で含有させる。絵具受理層中の水性ポリエステル樹脂の含有量が0.1質量%未満であると水性ポリエステル樹脂の含有量が足りずに十分な水彩絵具の色濃度が得られにくくなる。一方、水性ポリエステル樹脂の含有量が2.0質量%を超えると、水彩絵具の吸水性が大きくなりすぎて水彩絵具を塗布した際に色ムラが発生したり、グラデーションなどの絵具適性を損なったりする。 Here, the water-based polyester resin is contained in the paint receiving layer on at least one side of the base paper in the range of 0.1 to 2.0% by mass with respect to the entire paint receiving layer in terms of solid content per side. If the content of the water-based polyester resin in the paint receiving layer is less than 0.1% by mass, the content of the water-based polyester resin is insufficient and it becomes difficult to obtain a sufficient color density of the watercolor paint. On the other hand, if the content of the water-based polyester resin exceeds 2.0% by mass, the water absorption of the watercolor paint becomes too large, causing color unevenness when the watercolor paint is applied, or impairing the suitability of the paint such as gradation. To do.
本願発明者らは、水彩絵具の塗布乾燥後の色濃度を向上させるための浸透剤として、水性ポリエステル樹脂、直鎖アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム、ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンスチレン化フェニルエーテルを検討したが、水性ポリエステル樹脂が最も優れた作用を有していた。 The inventors of the present application have studied aqueous polyester resin, sodium linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, and polyoxyethylene styrenated phenyl ether as penetrants for improving the color density after coating and drying of watercolor paint. However, the water-based polyester resin had the best effect.
更に、本発明では、基紙に設けた絵具受理層の表面に、蒸留水を4μl滴下した後の60秒後の接触角が100度以上116度未満となるように絵具受理層の組成を調整した。本来アルキルケテンダイマーは水彩絵具の滲み防止作用を付与し、一方水性ポリエステル樹脂は水彩絵具の紙中への浸透性を向上させる作用を付与するものであり、両者は相反する作用を有する添加剤である。本発明においては、アルキルケテンダイマーと水性ポリエステル樹脂を前述の含有量で基紙上に塗布することで紙表面の接触角を100度以上116度未満に調整し、これにより水彩絵具で水彩画用紙に画像を描写して乾燥後、絵具濃度が高く色ムラの発生が少なくなる作用を付与するものである。 Further, in the present invention, the composition of the paint receiving layer is adjusted so that the contact angle 60 seconds after dropping 4 μl of distilled water on the surface of the paint receiving layer provided on the base paper is 100 degrees or more and less than 116 degrees. did. Originally, alkyl ketene dimer imparts the effect of preventing bleeding of watercolor paint, while water-based polyester resin imparts the effect of improving the permeability of watercolor paint into paper, and both are additives that have opposite effects. is there. In the present invention, the contact angle of the paper surface is adjusted to 100 degrees or more and less than 116 degrees by applying the alkyl ketene dimer and the water-based polyester resin on the base paper at the above-mentioned contents, whereby the image is printed on the watercolor paper with the watercolor paint. After drawing and drying, the paint density is high and the occurrence of color unevenness is reduced.
上述の接触角は動的接触角であり、以下の手順で測定される。試験対象となる水彩画用紙の絵具受理層表面に動的接触角試験機1100DAT(Fibro System AB製)を用いて蒸留水4μlを1滴滴下後60秒間の接触角を測定し、60秒後の接触角の数値により水彩画用紙表面の濡れ性を判断する。接触角は液体が固体に接触している場合には液体の自由表面が固体の平面となす角度を示し、この角度が鈍角になればなるほど濡れ性は悪くなり、逆に鋭角になればなるほど濡れ性は良くなる。接触角が116度を超えて濡れ性が悪くなりすぎると、水彩画用紙表面の水彩絵具の保持性と定着性が悪化し、これにより水彩絵具の塗布乾燥後の色濃度が低くなり、色ムラも発生しやすくなる。逆に、接触角が100度未満となり濡れ性が良くなりすぎると、紙表面の水彩絵具の定着が早いために水彩絵具の塗布乾燥後の色濃度は高くなるが、その一方で水彩絵具が筆からすぐに離れてしまうために水彩絵具を均一に塗布できずに水彩絵具の色ムラが発生しやすくなる。これらの理由から用紙表面の濡れ性は適度にあることが好ましい。 The above-mentioned contact angle is a dynamic contact angle and is measured by the following procedure. Using a dynamic contact angle tester 1100 DAT (manufactured by Fibro System AB) on the surface of the paint receiving layer of the watercolor paper to be tested, the contact angle was measured for 60 seconds after dropping 1 drop of 4 μl of distilled water, and contact after 60 seconds. The wettability of the surface of the watercolor paper is judged from the numerical value of the corner. The contact angle indicates the angle at which the free surface of the liquid forms a flat surface of the solid when the liquid is in contact with the solid. The blunter the angle, the worse the wettability, and conversely, the sharper the angle, the wetter the liquid. The sex gets better. If the contact angle exceeds 116 degrees and the wettability becomes too poor, the retention and fixability of the watercolor paint on the surface of the watercolor paper deteriorates, which reduces the color density after application and drying of the watercolor paint, and also causes color unevenness. It is more likely to occur. On the other hand, if the contact angle is less than 100 degrees and the wettability is too good, the watercolor paint on the paper surface will settle quickly and the color density after application and drying of the watercolor paint will increase, but on the other hand, the watercolor paint will be brushed. Since the watercolor paint cannot be applied evenly because it is quickly separated from the paint, color unevenness of the watercolor paint tends to occur. For these reasons, it is preferable that the surface of the paper has an appropriate wettability.
本発明において絵具受理層用塗料の基紙への塗布方法は特に限定するものではなく、サイズプレス方式、デッピング方式、コーター塗工方式、スプレー方式など従来から周知の塗布方法を適宜選択して使用することができる。 In the present invention, the method for applying the paint for the paint receiving layer to the base paper is not particularly limited, and conventionally known coating methods such as a size press method, a depping method, a coater coating method, and a spray method are appropriately selected and used. can do.
また本発明の絵具受理層用塗料には、本発明の効果を妨げない範囲で、消泡剤、防腐剤、粘度調整剤等の公知の各種添加剤を含有させてもよい。 Further, the paint for the paint receiving layer of the present invention may contain various known additives such as an antifoaming agent, a preservative, and a viscosity modifier as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
本発明の水彩画用紙は、エンボス加工により、表面に凹凸をつけて風合いを出すことも可能である。また、水彩画用紙の坪量は特に限定するものではないが、100〜400g/m2であり、好ましくは120〜360g/m2である。 The watercolor paper of the present invention can be embossed to give an uneven surface to give a texture. The basis weight of watercolor drawing paper is not particularly limited, but is 100 to 400 g / m 2, preferably 120~360g / m 2.
次に、実施例を挙げて本発明をより具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されるものではない。なお、実施例および比較例中の「部」及び「%」は、特に断らない限りそれぞれ固形分換算での質量部又は質量%を示す。 Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Unless otherwise specified, "parts" and "%" in Examples and Comparative Examples indicate parts by mass or% by mass in terms of solid content, respectively.
コットンパルプ100部(600mlC.S.F)、填料として重質炭酸カルシウム(商品名:ソフトン1500、白石カルシウム社製)5.0部を添加したパルプスラリーを用いて米坪300g/m2となるように、抄紙pH7.5で抄紙を行い基紙を得た。次に、濃度9質量%のゼラチン水溶液100部(ゼラチン固形分ではなくゼラチン水溶液としての部数)に中性サイズ剤としてアルキルケテンダイマー(商品名:SE2360、星光PMC社製)を0.1質量%、浸透剤として水性ポリエステル樹脂(商品名:SR−1800、高松油脂社製)を0.1質量%混合して絵具受理層用塗料を調製し、この絵具受理層用塗料を基紙の両面に、片面当たりの塗布量が乾燥固形分で7.2g/m2となるように塗布して水彩画用紙を得た。 Using a pulp slurry containing 100 parts of cotton pulp (600 ml CSF) and 5.0 parts of heavy calcium carbonate (trade name: Softon 1500, manufactured by Shiraishi Calcium Co., Ltd.) as a filler, the paper density is 300 g / m 2. As described above, papermaking was carried out at a papermaking pH of 7.5 to obtain a base paper. Next, 0.1% by mass of alkylketen dimer (trade name: SE2360, manufactured by Seikou PMC) as a neutral sizing agent in 100 parts of a watercolor aqueous solution having a concentration of 9% by mass (the number of parts as a gelatin aqueous solution instead of a gelatin solid content). , Aqueous polyester resin (trade name: SR-1800, manufactured by Takamatsu Oil & Fat Co., Ltd.) was mixed as a penetrant in an amount of 0.1% by mass to prepare a paint for the paint receiving layer, and this paint for the paint receiving layer was applied to both sides of the base paper. , The coating amount per one side was 7.2 g / m 2 in terms of dry solid content to obtain a watercolor paper.
実施例1において、アルキルケテンダイマー(商品名:SE2360、星光PMC社製)の配合量を0.3質量%に変更し、水性ポリエステル樹脂の種類を変更し(商品名:SR−1000、高松油脂社製)、絵具受理層用塗料の塗布量を基紙の片面当たり乾燥固形分5.8g/m2に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして水彩画用紙を得た。 In Example 1, the blending amount of alkyl ketene dimer (trade name: SE2360, manufactured by Seiko PMC) was changed to 0.3% by mass, and the type of water-based polyester resin was changed (trade name: SR-1000, Takamatsu oil and fat). A watercolor paper was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the coating amount of the paint for the paint receiving layer was changed to 5.8 g / m 2 per side of the base paper.
実施例2において、水性ポリエステル樹脂(商品名:SR−1000、高松油脂社製)の配合量を2.0質量%に変更し、絵具受理層用塗料の塗布量を基紙の片面当たり乾燥固形分6.8g/m2に変更した以外は実施例2と同様にして水彩画用紙を得た。 In Example 2, the blending amount of the water-based polyester resin (trade name: SR-1000, manufactured by Takamatsu Oil & Fat Co., Ltd.) was changed to 2.0% by mass, and the coating amount of the paint for the paint receiving layer was changed to a dry solid per side of the base paper. A watercolor paper was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the amount was changed to 6.8 g / m 2.
実施例3において、アルキルケテンダイマー(商品名:SE2360、星光PMC社製)の配合量を0.1質量%に変更し、絵具受理層用塗料の塗布量を基紙の片面当たり乾燥固形分6.1g/m2に変更した以外は実施例3と同様にして水彩画用紙を得た。 In Example 3, the blending amount of the alkyl ketene dimer (trade name: SE2360, manufactured by Seiko PMC) was changed to 0.1% by mass, and the coating amount of the paint for the paint receiving layer was changed to 6 dry solids per side of the base paper. A watercolor paper was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the content was changed to 1 g / m 2.
実施例1において、アルキルケテンダイマー(商品名:SE2360、星光PMC社製)の配合量を0.2質量%に変更し、水性ポリエステル樹脂(商品名:SR−1800、高松油脂社製)の配合量を1.5質量%に変更し、絵具受理層用塗料の塗布量を基紙の片面当たり乾燥固形分6.5g/m2に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして水彩画用紙を得た。 In Example 1, the blending amount of alkyl ketene dimer (trade name: SE2360, manufactured by Seiko PMC) was changed to 0.2% by mass, and a water-based polyester resin (brand name: SR-1800, manufactured by Takamatsu Oil & Fat Co., Ltd.) was blended. A watercolor paper was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount was changed to 1.5% by mass and the amount of the paint for the paint receiving layer was changed to 6.5 g / m 2 of dry solid content per side of the base paper. It was.
実施例1において、浸透剤としての水性ポリエステル樹脂(商品名:SR−1800、高松油脂社製)を添加しなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様にして水彩画用紙を得た。 A watercolor paper was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an aqueous polyester resin (trade name: SR-1800, manufactured by Takamatsu Oil & Fat Co., Ltd.) was not added as a penetrant in Example 1.
実施例1において、水性ポリエステル樹脂(商品名:SR−1800、高松油脂社製)の配合量を5.0質量%に変更し、絵具受理層用塗料の塗布量を基紙の片面当たり乾燥固形分5.9g/m2に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして水彩画用紙を得た。 In Example 1, the blending amount of the water-based polyester resin (trade name: SR-1800, manufactured by Takamatsu Oil & Fat Co., Ltd.) was changed to 5.0% by mass, and the coating amount of the paint for the paint receiving layer was changed to a dry solid per side of the base paper. A watercolor paper was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the content was changed to 5.9 g / m 2.
実施例1において、アルキルケテンダイマー(商品名:SE2360、星光PMC社製)の配合量を0.6質量%に変更し、絵具受理層用塗料の塗布量を基紙の片面当たり乾燥固形分6.7g/m2に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして水彩画用紙を得た。 In Example 1, the blending amount of alkyl ketene dimer (trade name: SE2360, manufactured by Seiko PMC) was changed to 0.6% by mass, and the coating amount of the paint for the paint receiving layer was changed to 6 dry solids per side of the base paper. A watercolor paper was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it was changed to .7 g / m 2.
実施例1において、アルキルケテンダイマー(商品名:SE2360、星光PMC社製)の配合量を0.01質量%に変更し、絵具受理層用塗料の塗布量を基紙の片面当たり乾燥固形分6.8g/m2に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして水彩画用紙を得た。 In Example 1, the blending amount of alkyl ketene dimer (trade name: SE2360, manufactured by Seiko PMC) was changed to 0.01% by mass, and the coating amount of the paint for the paint receiving layer was changed to 6 dry solids per side of the base paper. A watercolor paper was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the content was changed to 0.8 g / m 2.
実施例1において、中性サイズ剤をアルキルケテンダイマーから中性ロジン系サイズ剤(商品名:サイズパインNT−78、荒川工業化学社製)0.1質量%に変更し、絵具受理層用塗料の塗布量を基紙の片面当たり乾燥固形分7.0g/m2に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして水彩画用紙を得た。 In Example 1, the neutral sizing agent was changed from an alkyl ketene dimer to a neutral rosin-based sizing agent (trade name: Size Pine NT-78, manufactured by Arakawa Industrial Chemical Co., Ltd.) to 0.1% by mass, and the paint for the paint receiving layer was changed. A watercolor paper was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the coating amount of the above was changed to 7.0 g / m 2 of dry solid content per side of the base paper.
各実施例及び比較例で得られた水彩画用紙の組成と評価結果を図1に示す。なお同図において、水性ポリエステル樹脂1は高松油脂社製のSR−1800、水性ポリエステル樹脂2は高松油脂社製のSR−1000である。また図1中の各評価は、以下の方法により行った。 The composition and evaluation result of the watercolor paper obtained in each Example and Comparative Example are shown in FIG. In the figure, the water-based polyester resin 1 is SR-1800 manufactured by Takamatsu Oil & Fat Co., Ltd., and the water-based polyester resin 2 is SR-1000 manufactured by Takamatsu Oil & Fat Co., Ltd. In addition, each evaluation in FIG. 1 was performed by the following method.
(接触角)
実施例及び比較例で得られた水彩画用紙の絵具受理層表面に動的接触角試験機1100DAT(Fibro System AB製)を用いて蒸留水4μlを1滴滴下後60秒間の接触角を測定し、60秒後の接触角の数値を接触角(度)とした。接触角が100〜116度の範囲であれば合格とする。
(Contact angle)
Using a dynamic contact angle tester 1100 DAT (manufactured by Fibro System AB) on the surface of the paint receiving layer of the watercolor paper obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, the contact angle was measured for 60 seconds after dropping 1 drop of 4 μl of distilled water. The numerical value of the contact angle after 60 seconds was taken as the contact angle (degree). If the contact angle is in the range of 100 to 116 degrees, it is passed.
(水彩絵具の塗布乾燥後の色濃度)
実施例及び比較例で得られた水彩画用紙を幅1.5cm×長さ15cmの帯状に断裁して試験用紙を作成する。プラスチックカップの中に水彩絵具(商品名:キナクリドンレッド、ホルベイン画材社製)を蒸留水と重量比で1:9に希釈した溶液を作成し、そこに筆全体を浸ける。その後プラスチックカップの淵で筆を2回こすり、過剰な水彩絵具を落としてから試験用紙の表面に筆で6回重ね塗りを行い、画像が乾燥した後にX−Rite eXact(ビデオジェット・エックスライト社製)にて濃度測定を行った。水彩絵具の塗布乾燥後の色濃度は4段階で評価し、○以上を実用上問題なしとした。
◎:乾燥後の画像の色濃度が0.81以上のもの。
○:乾燥後の画像の色濃度が0.75〜0.80のもの。
△:乾燥後の画像の色濃度が0.71〜0.74のもの(実用上問題あり)。
×:乾燥後の画像の色濃度が0.70以下のもの(実用上問題あり)。
(Color density after application and drying of watercolor paint)
The watercolor papers obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples are cut into strips having a width of 1.5 cm and a length of 15 cm to prepare test papers. Make a solution of watercolor paint (trade name: Quinacridone Red, manufactured by Holbein Art Materials Co., Ltd.) diluted 1: 9 by weight with distilled water in a plastic cup, and immerse the entire brush in it. After that, rub the brush twice with the edge of a plastic cup to remove excess watercolor paint, and then apply the brush six times on the surface of the test paper. After the image dries, X-Rite eXact (Video Jet X-Rite) The concentration was measured at (manufactured by). The color density of the watercolor paint after application and drying was evaluated on a 4-point scale, and those with a circle or above were considered to have no practical problem.
⊚: The color density of the image after drying is 0.81 or more.
◯: The color density of the image after drying is 0.75 to 0.80.
Δ: The color density of the image after drying is 0.71 to 0.74 (there is a problem in practical use).
X: The color density of the image after drying is 0.70 or less (there is a problem in practical use).
(発色の均一性:色ムラ)
プラスチックカップの中に水彩絵具(商品名:キナクリドンレッド、ホルベイン画材社製)を蒸留水と重量比で1:9に希釈した溶液を作成し、そこに筆全体を浸ける。その後プラスチックカップの淵で筆を1回こすり、実施例及び比較例で得られた水彩画用紙の表面に約10cmの線を1本引き、画像が乾燥した後に色ムラを目視で観察した。評価は4段階で行い、○以上を実用上問題なしとした。
◎:乾燥後の画像に色ムラがない。
○:乾燥後の画像にわずかに色ムラがある。
△:乾燥後の画像に若干色ムラがある(実用上問題あり)。
×:乾燥後の画像に部分的に色ムラがある(実用上問題あり)。
(Coloring uniformity: color unevenness)
Make a solution of watercolor paint (trade name: Quinacridone Red, manufactured by Holbein Art Materials Co., Ltd.) diluted 1: 9 by weight with distilled water in a plastic cup, and immerse the entire brush in it. After that, the brush was rubbed once with the edge of a plastic cup, a line of about 10 cm was drawn on the surface of the watercolor papers obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, and after the image was dried, color unevenness was visually observed. The evaluation was carried out in four stages, and those with a circle or above were considered to have no practical problem.
⊚: There is no color unevenness in the image after drying.
◯: There is slight color unevenness in the image after drying.
Δ: There is some color unevenness in the image after drying (there is a problem in practical use).
X: The image after drying has partial color unevenness (there is a problem in practical use).
図1の結果から明らかなように、実施例1〜5により得られた水彩画用紙は、水彩絵具の塗布乾燥後の色濃度がより高く色ムラの少ない水彩画用紙を得ることができる。 As is clear from the results of FIG. 1, the watercolor papers obtained in Examples 1 to 5 can be obtained as a watercolor paper having a higher color density and less color unevenness after application and drying of the watercolor paint.
これに対して比較例1で得られた水彩画用紙は、水性ポリエステル樹脂を含有しないことで水彩絵具の塗布乾燥後の色濃度が低くなった。 On the other hand, the watercolor paper obtained in Comparative Example 1 did not contain the water-based polyester resin, so that the color density of the watercolor paint after application and drying was low.
また、比較例2で得られた水彩画用紙は、水彩絵具の塗布乾燥後の色濃度については高く実用上問題ないが、水性ポリエステル樹脂を過剰に含有したことで紙表面に対する水彩絵具の染み込み方が不均一となり、若干色ムラが発生して特別に濃い部分ができた。 Further, the watercolor paper obtained in Comparative Example 2 has a high color density after application and drying of the watercolor paint, and there is no problem in practical use. However, due to the excessive content of the water-based polyester resin, the method of permeating the watercolor paint onto the paper surface is improved. It became uneven, and some color unevenness occurred, resulting in a particularly dark part.
また、比較例3で得られた水彩画用紙は、アルキルケテンダイマーを過剰に含有させたことで水彩絵具の定着性が悪くなり水彩絵具の塗布乾燥後の色濃度が低く色ムラが若干発生した。 Further, in the watercolor paper obtained in Comparative Example 3, the fixability of the watercolor paint was deteriorated due to the excessive content of the alkyl ketene dimer, the color density after the application and drying of the watercolor paint was low, and some color unevenness occurred.
また、比較例4で得られた水彩画用紙は、水彩絵具の塗布乾燥後の色濃度に優れているが、アルキルケンダイマーの含有量を極端に減らしたことで水彩絵具を塗布した際に紙表面に対して素早く吸収され色ムラが若干発生した。 Further, the watercolor paper obtained in Comparative Example 4 is excellent in color density after application and drying of the watercolor paint, but the content of the alkylken dimer is extremely reduced so that the paper surface when the watercolor paint is applied. Was absorbed quickly and some color unevenness occurred.
また、比較例5で得られた水彩画用紙は、水彩絵具の塗布乾燥後の色濃度に優れているが、アルキルケテンダイマーではなく中性ロジン系サイズ剤を用いたことで水彩絵具を塗布した際に紙表面に対して素早く吸収され色ムラが部分的に発生した。 Further, the watercolor paper obtained in Comparative Example 5 is excellent in color density after application and drying of the watercolor paint, but when the watercolor paint is applied by using a neutral rosin-based sizing agent instead of the alkyl keten dimer. It was quickly absorbed by the paper surface and partial color unevenness occurred.
以上のように、本発明により製造した水彩画用紙は、水彩絵具の塗布乾燥後の色濃度がより高く均一な発色を有することができる。 As described above, the watercolor paper produced according to the present invention can have a higher color density and uniform color development after the application and drying of the watercolor paint.
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