JP6841738B2 - Hydropower system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a hydroelectric power generation system that recovers unused energy of water, and particularly relates to a self-sustaining operation system that supplies generated electric power to a load without connecting to a grid.

Generally, in a hydroelectric power generation system that recovers the position energy of unused water with a water turbine and a generator, in the case of a self-sustaining operation system that supplies the generated power to the load without connecting to the grid, it is consumed by the generated power and the load. It needs to be balanced with electricity. Here, since the power consumption of the load fluctuates, it is necessary to take measures against it. On the other hand, since the input of water power to the turbine also changes, it is necessary to take measures against it.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-364357 (Patent Document 1) is available as a background technique for maximizing the efficiency of the turbine with respect to a change in the input of water power to the turbine. Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a control unit controls the rotation speed of the pump reversing turbine so that the electric energy and the rotation speed have a preset relationship in the pump reversing turbine type power generation facility.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-364357

Patent Document 1 proposes a method of optimally controlling a turbine using the relationship between the amount of electric power and the number of rotations, but does not consider how to deal with fluctuations in load power consumption in an autonomous operation system.

In the self-sustaining operation system using the position energy of unused water, it corresponds to both the fluctuation of the load power consumption that is the output of the power generation system and the change of the water power of the water turbine that is the input to the power generation system, and the amount of power generation. It is necessary to control the balance between power consumption and power consumption.

When the generated power is constant, the load power consumption fluctuation can be dealt with by providing a means for separately consuming the surplus power, or the water power to the turbine can be directly adjusted by the flow rate adjusting means according to the load fluctuation. There are ways to limit it. However, in this case, an electric control valve that limits the water power to the turbine, surplus power consumption means for consuming surplus generated power, and equipment such as a flow rate detection means and a host controller for realizing these controls. There is a problem that equipment and the like are required and the equipment becomes complicated.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is a self-sustaining operation system that supplies power generated by a water turbine to a load without connecting to a grid, and controls the power generated by the water turbine to match the power consumption of a fluctuating load and water power to the water turbine. The purpose is to provide a hydroelectric power generation system capable of self-sustaining operation of water turbine power generation with a simple configuration while realizing functions that respond to changes.

In view of the above background technology, for example, the present invention controls power generation by an inverter of a water wheel installed in a water supply pipe, a permanent magnet type synchronous generator driven by the water wheel, and a permanent magnet type synchronous generator. It is a hydraulic power generation system equipped with a power generation controller that performs power generation and an interconnection device that has a self-sustaining operation function that converts the generated DC power into AC power and supplies it to a self-sustaining load. A target value is set, the generated power is controlled so as to maintain the target value of the DC output voltage, and the power generation control based on the characteristics of the water turbine is also performed.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a hydroelectric power generation system that continues stable power generation operation in response to fluctuating load power consumption and changes in water power to a water turbine with a simple configuration.

It is a block diagram of the hydroelectric power generation system in Example 1. It is a functional block diagram of the power generation controller in Example 1. It is a characteristic diagram which shows the power generation control characteristic of the power generation controller of the hydroelectric power generation system in Example 1. FIG. It is a block diagram of the hydroelectric power generation system composed of a plurality of water turbines in Example 2. FIG. It is a characteristic diagram which shows the relationship between the DC voltage and the power generation output of the hydroelectric power generation system in Example 2. FIG. It is a time chart in Example 2. It is a block diagram of the hydroelectric power generation system in Example 3. It is a characteristic diagram which shows the power generation control characteristic of the power generation controller of the hydroelectric power generation system in Example 3. FIG. It is a block diagram of the hydroelectric power generation system by a plurality of water turbines in Example 4.

Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the hydroelectric power generation system in this embodiment. In Figure 1, water availability 13 of water Q ₀ to be used for the upper reservoir 9 which is installed in a place having a height in the vertical direction with respect to the hydraulic turbine 2 the hydropower is flowing. Water having a water turbine usage amount of Qp14 is sent from the upper water tank 9 to the turbine 2 via the water pipe 1 and used for power generation. The water turbine 2 drives the flywheel 12 and the permanent magnet type synchronous generator 3. The permanent magnet type synchronous generator 3 generates DC power by controlling the power generation by the power generation controller 5 in the inverter 4, and supplies the power to the power conditioner 7 with the self-sustaining operation function by the DC cable unit 6. The power conditioner 7 converts DC power into AC power equivalent to that of a commercial power source and supplies power to the self-sustaining load 8 of AC power reception. This hydroelectric power generation system is a self-sustaining operation system that is not connected to a commercial power source.

Generally, in the use of hydropower as renewable energy, the amount of water used for power generation changes depending on conditions such as the season. Therefore, the upper reservoir exceeds the available amount of water Q ₀ is water wheel flow Qp14 with a flow rate control valve 10 so that the amount of water reservoir becomes constant by the water level indicator 11 for detecting the water level in the upper reservoir 9 The flow rate Qp14 is adjusted so that 9 does not become empty.

Since the position height of the upper water tank 9 with respect to the water turbine 2 does not change, the change in the amount of water Qp by the flow rate adjusting valve 10 is the change in the water power input to the water turbine 2.

Therefore, in this self-sustaining operation system, the power generation controller 5 constantly controls the amount of power generation to match the amount of power consumption under the condition that the input energy and the energy consumed by the self-sustaining load change and fluctuate respectively. Specifically, the target DC voltage V ^* of the DC cable unit 6 is set for the power generation controller 5, and the power generation controller 5 controls the generated power for the inverter 4 so as to ^{always maintain V *.} The generated power _{P G,} the power consumption due to self load al if _{P L,} the DC voltage rises when the _P G> P _L, DC voltage maintained if _P G = P _L, and becomes P G _{<P L} DC The voltage drops. By controlling the P _G Thus power controller 5 compares the DC voltage and V ^*, and the generated power P _G by controlling the P _G to P _L by autonomous load to maintain the V ^* be varied It is possible to keep the balance of power consumption. Also with respect to the power generation controller 5 by sudden decrease or eliminate the power consumption of autonomous load by executing the control in a high speed, since the DC voltage of the DC cable portion can be maintained to V ^*, surplus generated power P _G is generated do not do.

For example free-standing load if totally stop from the rated use state, it is necessary to instantaneously P _{G =} 0 the rated power generation amount P _Gmax. In this case, when the power generation controller 5 detects a sudden rise in the DC voltage, it immediately controls the inverter 4 to reduce the amount of power generation to zero. As a result, the turbine 2 becomes unrestrained and the rotation speed increases. Rotational speed of the final water wheel 2 reaches the unrestrained rotational speed, but thereby the pressure loss due to water wheel 2 of the water supply pipe 1 increases, water turbine utilizing water Q _P is decreased. In such cases there is not enough Q _0, the effect of reducing the amount of resulting in discharge without using water in the upper reservoir 9 by water Q _P is decreased by reducing the amount of power generation. Not because it is possible to control the amount of power generation P _G instantaneously without the object of controlling the mechanical operations and the water supply pipe 1 of water power of the water wheel 2, requires consumption means the surplus generated power in this operation .. When water hammer occurs in the water pipe 1 by the water turbine 2 due to high-speed control of the amount of power generation, it is possible to reduce the intensity of the water hammer by relaxing the acceleration of the water turbine rotation speed by providing the flywheel 12. Is.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a functional block of the power generation controller 5. In FIG. 2, the power generation controller 5 controls an inverter 4 that converts the three-phase AC power generated by the permanent magnet type synchronous generator 3 into DC power that can be supplied to the power conditioner 7 with an independent operation function. The control of the inverter 4 is performed by the generator control microcomputer 50 which is a microprocessor. The generator control microcomputer 50 includes a current detection unit 57 that detects the phase current of the permanent magnet type synchronous generator 3 from a current sensor 58 that detects the phase current value of the permanent magnet type synchronous generator 3, and a position / speed estimation calculation unit. 56, a PN voltage detection unit 55 for detecting the output voltage value of the inverter 4, a generated power command generation unit 54, a voltage command calculation unit 53, a d / q conversion unit 52, and a PWM control pulse generation unit 51 are provided. ing. Since each configuration is known for general inverter control, detailed description thereof will be omitted. The inverter 4 has a semiconductor switching element, and the electric power generated by the permanent magnet type synchronous generator 3 is converted into DC electric power by controlling the semiconductor switching element on / off, and the DC voltage thereof is converted. It is controlled and converted into DC power that can be supplied to the power conditioner 7 with an independent operation function. The generator control microcomputer 50 controls the inverter 4 by generating a PWM control signal for on / off control of the semiconductor switching element.

Next will be described a method for controlling the power generation amount due to a change in water availability Q _0. FIG. 3 shows the power generation amount control characteristics of the power generation controller 5 based on the water turbine power curve 22 of the water turbine 2. In FIG. 3, the horizontal axis represents the rotation speed of the water turbine 2, and the vertical axis represents the power that the water turbine can generate with respect to the rotation speed, that is, the amount of power generation.

The power generation controller 5 controls the inverter 4 to output the maximum power that can be taken out from the water turbine, that is, the amount of power generation, from the permanent magnet type synchronous generator 3 based on the rotation speed of the water turbine 2.

In the absence of consumption of self loading, water wheel 2 is rotated at a rotational speed N ₄ under no restraint, DC voltage of the DC cable part 6 is maintained by the power controller 5 to V ^*.

Located sufficient water availability Q ₀ in FIG. 1, if the water wheel 2 is flown is waterwheel flow Q _P 14 possible rated output, the power consumption P _L of the self-supporting load 8 increases from 0 to 100%, The rotation speed of the turbine _{shifts from N 4 to the rotation speed N 3} at the time of rated power generation, and _{a power generation output P 3} of 100% of the rating can be obtained.

If the next available water Q ₀ is only 70% of the rating, the power consumption P _L of the self-supporting load 8 increases from 0, the rotational speed of the water wheel 2 decreases beyond N ₃ from N ₄ To go. When the self-sustaining load 8 reaches 70%, the rotation speed moves to a point on the water turbine power curve 22 of FIG. 2 where the rotation speed becomes the rotation speed N _{2 at the power generation output P2 of 70%.} At this time balanced power consumption P _L of water power and independence load 8. Power P _L free standing load 8 in principle because autonomous operation system can not exceed the generated power P _G by water wheel 2.

Here, further DC voltage of the DC cable unit increases the power consumption P _L of the self-supporting load 8 will decrease from V ^*, the system eventually reaches the undervoltage detection level of the hydropower generation system by a protective function Stop the trip. As a countermeasure, there is ^{a method such as issuing an alarm when the DC voltage drops from V *} to promote the reduction of the self-sustaining load 8.

While the available water Q ₀ of 70% of the rated conditions, if reducing power consumption P _L of the free-standing load 8 to 70% between the rotational speed of the water turbine from N ₂ gradually rises from N ₂ of N ₄ Balance somewhere.

If the available amount of water is only 30% of the rating, the up power generation output P ₁ also show the maximum generated power which speed may retrieve lowered to the rotational speed N ₁ at 30% power for 30% of the rated 3 ..

The above control method, even when water availability is less than the rated, without stalling stop waterwheel 2, the power to the self-supporting load 8 to the maximum generated power P _G that may removed from the water wheel 2 fit in the available amount of water Q ₀ Can be supplied.

In addition, N ₀ in FIG. 3 is a power generation stop rotation speed. Further, when there is no commercial power source, it is conceivable that the power source of all the devices constituting the hydroelectric power generation system is supplied by the power generated by the water turbine. In that case, in the case of a black start in which the hydroelectric power generation system is started from a completely stopped state only by the rotation of the turbine, it is necessary to activate the power generation controller and other control power sources only by the induced voltage due to the rotation of the turbine. The minimum number of revolutions required to activate the control power supply of the inverter with the induced voltage of the permanent magnet type synchronous generator driven by the water turbine exists between _{N 0} and N _1.

As described above, in the present embodiment, as the hydroelectric power generation system, the control target value for the DC voltage value of the DC power output unit is set in the power generation controller that controls the water turbine generator, and the voltage of the DC unit is always maintained at the target value. Control the power generated by the water turbine. In addition, it is equipped with control based on the optimum power generation characteristics of the turbine according to the water power to the turbine that changes at the same time.

As a result, stable power generation operation is continued in response to fluctuating load power consumption and changes in water power to the turbine, without providing a water amount control valve at the entrance of the turbine, means for consuming surplus power, means for detecting flow rate, and a host controller. A self-sustaining operation system for water turbines can be provided. It can be applied not only to water turbines but also to power generation systems such as wind turbines and steam turbines.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a hydroelectric power generation system composed of a plurality of water turbines in this embodiment. In FIG. 4, the same reference numerals are given to the configurations having the same functions as those in FIG. 1, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In FIG. 4, three turbines 101, 201, and 301 are operated in parallel by using the primary side water supply branch pipe 31 and the secondary side water supply branch pipe 32. Waterwheel flow _{Q 0} is diverted to _{Q 1,} Q 2, _{Q 3} by the branch pipe, and generated by the generator, which is respectively driven by hydraulic turbine outputs DC power _{P GEN1, P GEN2, P GEN3} . They are connected to each other by a DC cable unit 6 and input to a power conditioner 7 with an independent operation function, and output as AC power equivalent to a commercial power source that can use the independent load of AC power reception. The power generation controller is equipped with the same power generation control as that described in the first embodiment. Further, this hydroelectric power generation system is not provided with a flow rate detecting means or a host controller for controlling the number of three turbines, and is an independent operation system that is not connected to a commercial power source.

Next, a method of autonomously controlling the number of the plurality of water turbines will be described. FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the DC voltage and the power generation output of the hydroelectric power generation system in this embodiment.

Here, different target DC voltages are set for the three power generation controllers shown in FIG. The CTL1 to _V 1, CTL2 and _{V 3} to _V 2, _CTL3, and the relationship of _{V 1> V 2> V 3} . _{Further, the undervoltage protection level VLV} of the common DC cable unit 6 is set in each power generation controller. V _LV is a _{value lower than V 3} , and when the DC voltage _{drops to V LV,} it trips due to the protection function and power generation control stops.

In FIG. 5, since the hydroelectric power generation system is a self-sustaining operation system, the generated power is controlled so as to be the same as the power consumption of the self-sustaining load in principle.

When the power consumption of the self-sustaining load is 0, the target DC voltage of the CTL 1 is the highest, so the DC voltage of the DC cable section 6 _{is maintained at V 1} , and each turbine stands by at an unrestrained rotation speed. For the sake of explanation, the decrease in the number of revolutions due to minute power generation due to the self-consumption of each device shall be ignored.

When the power consumption of the load increases from 0 up to _{P L1} as the rated output of the waterwheel 101, only waterwheel 101 outputs a _{P GEN1} by the power generation control. Since the DC voltage is _{maintained at V 1} , both the turbine 201 and the turbine 301 stand by in an unrestrained rotation with a power generation amount of 0.

To wait unrestrained rotational speed, _Q 2 is maintained a pressure loss of the water supply tube 206, 306 of each water wheel high, _{Q 3} is _{Q 0} is lower than _{Q 1} is supplied to efficiently water wheel 101.

When the power consumption of the self-supporting load increases beyond P _L1, the only CTL1 hydraulic turbine 101 is insufficient power generation amount, the DC voltage of the DC cable portion 6 can not be maintained V _1. When the DC voltage _{drops below V 2} , the CTL ₂ starts a power generation operation to maintain the target voltage V 2.

Similarly further supplies generated power independence and load increases DC voltage to the self load CTL3 also start to three total output with drops to V _3.

_{When the power consumption P LOAD} of the self-sustaining load exceeds the rated power generation capacity of 3 units, or when the available water amount is limited and Q ₀ is insufficient, the DC voltage drops below _{V 3} and reaches _{V LV.} The power generation controller trips due to the undervoltage protection function and stops the power generation operation.

Similar measures against this first embodiment, there is a method such as prompting the reduction to self load such as alarm an alarm when the DC voltage is below V _3.

When P _LOAD like stop autonomous load is less than the generated power P _G total, by each power controller that generates power operation so that the target voltage itself a DC voltage, a DC voltage of the DC cable portion thereof Sometimes it is boosted to the upper limit possible in some conditions.

If there is a margin in the amount of power generation due to this operation, power generation is sequentially stopped from the turbine with the lowest target DC voltage, so only the minimum required turbines will be operated for power generation, and autonomous unit control operation will be performed.

The autonomous number operation will be described in detail with reference to FIG. In FIG. 6, a 9 kW self-sustaining operation system using three water turbines with a rated output of 3 kW is assumed.

In FIG. 6, the horizontal axis shows the passage of time, and the vertical axis shows the DC voltage _VDC of the DC cable unit 6, the power generated by the water turbine 101 P _GEN1 , the power generated by the water turbine 201 P _GEN2 , the same P _GEN3 , and three turbines. It shows the transition of the water power P _{W and the power consumption P LOAD} of the self-sustaining load according to the total water volume Q _{0 of.} For the following explanation, the energy conversion efficiency of each device is set to 100%, and the details of the transient operation of each part at the time of state transition will be omitted. _{Further, in this description, it is assumed that the P W} is only 5 kW with respect to the rated value of 9 kW of the hydroelectric power generation system.

The self-sustaining load is in an unused standby state until the elapsed time t _0. All water wheel is rotated by _{unrestrained, V DC} is maintained at the target DC voltage _{V 1} of the CTL1.

The use of the self-sustaining load is started from t _{1 , and the power consumption P LOAD} increases. The CTL ₁ starts a power generation operation so as to maintain the _VDC at V _{1, and the P GEN 1} increases in accordance with the P _LOAD. Until P _LOAD reaches the turbine rating of 3 kW, only the turbine 101 generates electricity, and the other turbines 201 and 301 remain in unrestrained rotation. Start from up to _{t 2 is} a _P LOAD ₌ P _GEN1.

When P _{LOAD reaches 3 kW at t 2 , VDC} cannot be maintained at V ₁ by CTL 1 alone, and _VDC drops to V ₂ or less. Due to the decrease in _{VDC , CTL 2} starts power generation by the turbine 201 so as to maintain _VDC at V 2. When the turbine 201 starts the power generation operation, the pressure loss of the turbine water pipe 206 decreases.

Between t ₂ and t _3, the water turbine 201 generates the amount of CTL 2 exceeding 3 kW, and by operating to maintain the VDC at V2, the generated power balanced _{with the P LOAD together with the power generated by the water turbine 101.} Can be supplied.

Since the _{power consumption of the self-sustaining load is constant at 4.5 kW from t 3} to t ₄ , two turbines 101 and 201 generate electricity, and the turbine 301 maintains an unrestrained standby state. The amount of water is Q ₁ > Q ₂ > Q ₃ , and Q ₀ is efficiently distributed to the turbines that are operating for power generation.

Upon reaching the 5kW of P _W increases power consumption P _LOAD further autonomous load from t _4, when more than P _W at t ₅ since it is impossible to generate electricity or water power P _W which is supplied to the water wheel system _VDC drops sharply.

If V _DC reaches _{V 3} CTL3 starts the power generation operation of the hydraulic turbine 301 attempts to maintain the _{V 3.} However, since P _W is only 5 kW, V ₃ cannot be maintained and V _DC further decreases.

In the example of FIG. 6, a _VAL is provided between _{the V 3 and the voltage value V LV} at which the main hydroelectric power generation system trips due to an insufficient voltage.

When _{P LOAD} increases above P _{W V DC} is continue to rapidly _decrease, the _{V DC} reaches _{V AL,} which alarm an alarm against self load to reduce power consumption _{P LOAD} independence load.

Alarm onset report in t ₆ shows a case with a reduced _{P LOAD} by.

When the _{P LOAD} at t ₇ can afford to generation capacity below the _{P W} CTL1, CTL2, because CTL3 is trying to boost the _{V DC} to the target DC voltage of each at all times _{own, V DC} and V depending on the size of the _{P LOAD} It returns _{from 3} to V _2. When the _{VDC exceeds V3, the CTL 3} exceeds its own target voltage, so that the power generation operation is stopped.

Since P _{LOAD is 4.5 kW at t 8} , it is necessary to operate the turbines 101 and 201 in order to generate electricity. Therefore, the _VDC returns to near V ₂ and maintains this.

When P _LOAD further decreases _{from t 9 and reaches 3 kW at t 10} , the amount of power generated by the turbine 201 becomes unnecessary, so the _VDC returns to V _1.

From t ₁₀ to t ₁₁ , _{CTL 1} reduces the amount of power generation P _{GEN 1 in accordance with P LOAD} so as to maintain _VDC at V 1. When eliminating _{P LOAD} consumption freestanding load t ₁₂ becomes 0, CTL1 is to maintain _{V DC} to _{V 1,} the standby state is lowered until the _{P GEN1} substantially zero.

Through the above operation, it is possible to constantly _{supply the generated power according to the power consumption PLOAD} of the self-sustaining load, and to efficiently distribute the water power by operating the number of units.

As described above, in the present embodiment, in the case of a hydroelectric power generation system using a plurality of turbines, by providing a difference in the target DC voltage value set in each power generation controller, it is adjusted to the fluctuation of the power consumption of the load. It enables autonomous unit operation.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the hydroelectric power generation system in this embodiment. In FIG. 7, the same reference numerals are given to the configurations having the same functions as those in FIG. 1, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the output of the water level gauge 11 that detects the water level of the upper water tank 9 is input to the power generation controller 5, and the change in the water level of the upper water tank 9 is reflected in the power generation control of the water turbine 2. It was made to do.

Usually, with respect to the available change in the water volume Q ₀ to the water pipe 1 is to maintain the full bobbin state, using a water level meter 11 or the like, to adjust the water turbine flow rate Q _P at a flow rate control valve so that the amount of water reservoir is not insufficient ing.

In this embodiment, to changes in water availability Q _0, rather than the amount of water adjusted by the flow control valve 10, the power generation amount limit of the power generation controller 5 by hydraulic turbine that uses the output of the water level gauge 11, the upper water reservoir 9 It maintains the water level and enables continuous operation of the hydroelectric power generation system.

FIG. 8 shows the power generation control characteristics of the power generation controller of the hydroelectric power generation system in this embodiment. The power generation controller 5 implements power generation control by the water turbine power curve 22 shown in FIG.

Here, if L _H of full water is the water level in the upper reservoir 9 shown in Figure 7, the generator output with respect to the rotational speed of the FIG. 8 is up to 100%, for example, when the water level drops to the intermediate L _M, as shown in FIG. limiting the 8 outputs of 70%, even if the water level reaches the L _L decreases controlled by power controller 5 to limited to 30%.

Hereinafter, a specific description will be given with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. It is assumed that the water level in FIG. 7 is at L _H and the self-sustaining load 8 is consuming the rated power. In this case, the power generation controller 5 is performed power control at the operating point of the hydraulic turbine output P ₃ of the rated power generation of 100% power at a rotational speed N ₃ of the rated power generation of FIG. Here water availability Q ₀ is decreased, the Q 0 becomes _{<Q P} level of the upper reservoir 9 is gradually decreased from L _H. Power controller 5 the water level detected by the output of the water level gauge 11 that has reached the L _M limits the power output gradually 70%.

Since the power consumption of the self-sustaining load remains 100%, the DC voltage _VDC drops as soon as the power generation output is limited. V _DC to alarm an alarm for prompting the reduction of power consumed for reaching the self-load alarm level V _AL. As a result, the power consumption of the self-sustaining load is limited to 70%.

Due to the limitation of the power generation output, the operating point on Fig. 8 is the water power input, which _{is P 3 of the initial 100% output and the water turbine output P 2} when the water power is equivalent to 70%, which is the output from N _{3 to 70%.} only the output without changing to increased engine speed torque hydraulic turbine is reduced from N ₃ by was reduced by 30%.

The pressure loss of the water pipe 1 at a rotational speed increase of the water turbine 2 waterwheel flow Q _P is decreased by increasing. Since waterwheel flow Q _P by the generator output limit is decreased, the direction for suppressing drawdown in the upper reservoir 9. Q _0> water level if the _{Q P} is restored. Even 70% of the output limit Q _{0 <continue} to decrease further the water level if Q _P, reaches the water level L _L, up to another 30% due to the power generation controller limits the output, the operation to achieve a recovery of the water level.

That is, in FIG. 8, 23 is _{the power curve at 70% power generation speed N 2} or more when 70% output is limited, and 24 is the power at 30% power generation speed N ₁ or more when 30% power generation is limited. It becomes a curve.

In the above, an example of two stages of output limit of 70% and 30% has been shown, but if the self-sustaining load can be handled, a stepless output limit based on the output of the water level gauge 11 may be used. Further, the power source of the water level gauge may be configured to be supplied by power generation by a water turbine.

By the above method, for the available amount of water Q ₀ that varies, it is possible to supply power continuously to automatically self loading while maintaining the water level in the upper reservoir 9.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a hydroelectric power generation system using a plurality of turbines in this embodiment. In FIG. 9, the same reference numerals are given to the configurations having the same functions as those in FIG. 7, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In FIG. 9, the output of the water level gauge 11 for detecting the water level of the upper water tank 9 is input in parallel to the power generation controller 5 of the hydroelectric power generation system composed of two water turbines, and the change of the water level of the upper water tank is changed by 2. This is reflected in the power generation control of the water turbine 2.

Even in an autonomous operation system composed of a plurality of turbines, each power generation controller 5 controls based on the power curve of the turbine shown in FIG. 8, and the maximum power generation output P is limited by the output of the water level gauge 11. , it is possible to control the autonomous operation system in response to changes in water availability Q ₀ keep the water level of upper reservoir.

Further, as in the second embodiment described above, efficient unit operation can be realized at the same time by providing a difference in the target DC voltage of each power generation controller so that V ₁ > V _2.

Although the examples have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned examples, and various modifications are included. Further, the present invention is not necessarily limited to the one having all the configurations described. Further, it is possible to replace a part of the configuration of one embodiment with the configuration of another embodiment, and it is also possible to add the configuration of another embodiment to the configuration of one embodiment. It is also possible to add, delete, or replace a part of the configuration of each embodiment with another configuration.

1: Water supply pipe, 6: DC cable section, 7: Power conditioner with independent operation function, 8: Independent load of AC power reception, 9: Upper water storage tank, 10: Flow control valve, 11: Water level gauge, 12: Fly wheel, 13: Available water volume, 14: Water turbine flow rate, 15: Water turbine output, 22: Water turbine power curve, 31: Primary side water supply branch pipe, 32: Secondary side water supply branch pipe, 2,101,201,301: Water turbine, 3,102,202,302: Permanent magnet type synchronous generator, 4,103,203,303: Inverter, 5,104,204,304: Power generation controller, 106,206,306: Water supply pipe for each turbine, 50: Generator control microcomputer

Claims (3)

A water turbine installed in a water supply pipe, a permanent magnet type synchronous generator driven by the water turbine, a power generation controller that controls power generation of the permanent magnet type synchronous generator by an inverter, and conversion of generated DC power into AC power. It is a hydroelectric power generation system equipped with an interconnection device that has an independent operation function to supply an independent load.
The power generation controller sets a target value for the DC output voltage of the inverter, compares the DC output voltage with the target value , controls the generated power so that the DC output voltage maintains the target value, and controls the generated power so that the DC output voltage maintains the target value. no rows combined power generation control based on the power generation control characteristic that may occur with respect to the rotational speed,
It has a plurality of each of the water turbine, the permanent magnet type synchronous generator, the inverter, and the power generation controller.
The DC power generated by each of the inverters is interconnected to supply DC power to the interconnection device.
By providing a difference in the target DC voltage value of each of the power generation controllers, a plurality of the power generation controllers operate a plurality of the water turbines in response to fluctuations in the power consumption of the self-sustaining load. Power generation system. In the hydroelectric power generation system according to claim 1,
Wherein the water pipe water level meter provided in the upper water tank for supplying power water, by a plurality of the power generation controller by the detection value of the water level indicator to limit the autonomous power output respectively, to changes in water availability A hydroelectric power generation system characterized in that the water level of the upper water storage tank is maintained and continuous power generation is possible. In the hydroelectric power generation system according to claim 2.
A hydroelectric power generation system characterized in that the power source of the water level gauge provided in the upper water storage tank is supplied by power generation by the water turbine.

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