JP6842011B2 - Construction unit members and their manufacturing methods, member connections, concrete construction methods - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a construction unit member using concrete and a member connecting body in which the construction unit member is connected to each other on a two-dimensional plane, and is particularly suitable for construction / civil engineering work such as soil concrete construction. And its manufacturing method, member connecting body using this construction unit member, and concrete construction method.

In agricultural work, agricultural machinery may be used depending on the process. Since this agricultural machine is heavy, the wheels of the agricultural machine may create unnecessary ruts on fields and farm roads, or the agricultural machine may get stuck in the mud. In such a case, of course, the efficiency of farm work will be greatly reduced.

For example, in apple farmers, the harvested apples are often temporarily stored in a warehouse adjacent to the apple field, but for loading and unloading of apple boxes filled with apples, for cargo handling such as forklifts. Automobiles are used. An apple box has a total weight of about 25 to 30 kg when packed with apples, and is a weight that can be transported manually, but usually a forklift or the like is used. At this time, if the ground near the warehouse is not paved, wheels such as forklifts will bite into the ground, making it difficult or impossible to store apples in the warehouse or ship them from the warehouse. To do. The ground near the warehouse is required to be paved so that it can withstand the load of a forklift or the like with a plurality of apple boxes loaded and can be operated smoothly. Although it depends on the type of forklift, etc., when an apple box is loaded, a total load of 3 to 6 tons is applied to the ground plane.

In addition, apple boxes filled with apples are transported by trucks to agricultural cooperatives and retailers. The trucks and the like must also be driven to the vicinity of the warehouse, and a truck loaded with apple boxes filled with apples may apply a total load on the ground surface on the order of 10 tons. The ground near the warehouse is required to be paved so that it can withstand the load of a truck or the like with a plurality of apple boxes loaded and can be operated smoothly.

Usually, a concrete "soil concrete" structure is constructed on the ground near the warehouse adjacent to these fields. Soil concrete is constructed by leveling the ground of the soil, laying reinforcing bars in a grid pattern, etc., and pouring ready-mixed concrete. The construction period is, for example, 100 m ² and requires about one month. If it continues to rain, the construction period may be further extended due to the concrete curing process. It is sufficient if the construction is done in time when the field is not in use, such as during the fallow period, but if it is not in time, it may greatly affect the farming process of the farmer. In addition, soil concrete is prone to cracks (cracks, cracks) and non-landing, and in order to prevent cracks and non-landing, a lot of labor and skill are required when placing concrete.

In order to solve these problems, Patent Document 1 describes a method of significantly shortening the construction period by laying a precast concrete board of a standard product manufactured in advance on the base layer vertically and horizontally. .. The quality control of the finished product is easy, and there are advantages such as easy construction even in rainy weather. However, the invention described in Patent Document 1 has a demerit that labor and cost are required, such as a plate for positioning the precast concrete plate and a bolt for connecting the precast concrete plate and the plate. Further, as an example, since a crushed stone layer of 7 to 15 cm is used as the base layer, the base layer adjusting step also takes time and labor.

Furthermore, since there is a gap of 3 to 10 cm as a joint between the precast concrete boards laid in the foundation layer, there is a risk that the feet of the worker, wheels of a forklift, etc. may fit in, and that May cause serious accidents. Therefore, the precast concrete board is a soil concrete structure that is not suitable for agricultural work and heavy load transportation work. Furthermore, since the bolts that connect the precast concrete board and the plate are often made of metal, rust may occur when exposed to wind and rain for a long period of time, and the expansion effect of the rust part may cause the concrete to explode or chip. Will occur.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-38336

The present invention has been made by paying attention to the above problems, and it does not require labor and cost, the adjustment of the base layer is relatively easy, the load capacity is large, and the construction period can be significantly shortened. It is an object of the present invention to provide a construction unit member and a method for manufacturing the same, a member connecting body in which a plurality of the construction unit members are connected to each other on a two-dimensional plane, and a concrete construction method.

In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention is (a) a plurality of main bars arranged parallel to each other, and (b) arranged parallel to each other so as to form a lattice together with the main bars orthogonal to the main bars. A concrete plate-shaped block in which a grid is embedded so that the plane of the grid is parallel to the top surface, inside a solid that has a plurality of force distribution bars and (c) a convex polygon that can be tessellated. The distance between the opposing sides of the convex polygon along the direction of the force distribution muscle is shorter than the length of the force distribution muscle, and the distance between the other opposite sides of the convex polygon measured in the direction of the main bar is the main bar. The gist is that it is a unit member for construction with a plate-shaped block shorter than the length of. The construction unit member according to the first aspect of the present invention has a plurality of main bars or a plurality of force distributions on each of a plurality of side surfaces perpendicular to the upper surface from each of the plurality of sides constituting the convex polygon. The point where any of the streaks protrudes vertically from the corresponding side surface is the protruding end, and the lengths of the protruding ends are equal.

A second aspect of the present invention is as follows: (a) a plurality of first main bars arranged parallel to each other, and a plurality of first main bars arranged parallel to each other and forming a first lattice together with the first main bar orthogonal to the first main bar. The first convex polygon that can be filled with the force distribution bar and the plane is the shape of the first upper surface, and a plurality of side surfaces including the first facing side surface are continuously along the outer shape of the convex polygon and directly below the first upper surface. A first construction unit having a first plate-shaped block made of concrete in which a first grid is embedded so that the surface formed by the first grid is parallel to the first upper surface inside the first solid surrounding the area. A member and (b) a plurality of second main bars arranged parallel to each other, a plurality of second force distribution bars arranged parallel to each other and forming a second lattice together with the second main bar orthogonal to the second main bar, first A plurality of side surfaces including a second facing side surface facing the first facing side surface through a connecting gap and having a second upper surface formed of a second convex polygon having the same shape as the upper surface surface are continuously second. A second plate-shaped block made of concrete in which a surface forming the second lattice is embedded so as to be parallel to the second upper surface is provided inside the second solid body surrounding the area directly below the upper surface. It is a member connecting body including 2 unit members for construction, and (c) the distance between the opposite sides of the first convex polygon along the direction of the first force distribution bar is larger than the length of the first force distribution bar. Also short, the distance between the other opposing sides of the first convex polygon measured in the direction of the first main bar is shorter than the length of the first main bar, and the plurality of first main bars or the plurality of first force distribution bars The protruding end portion that protrudes vertically from the first facing side surface is used as the first connecting branch portion, and (d) the facing side of the second convex polygon along the direction of the second force distribution bar. The distance between them is shorter than the length of the second main bar, the distance between the other opposite sides of the second convex polygon measured in the direction of the second main bar is shorter than the length of the second main bar, and a plurality of second bars. The protruding end of either the two main bars or the plurality of second force distribution bars projecting vertically from the second facing side surface is used as the second connecting branch, and (e) the member connecting body is used for the first connecting. Further provided with a connecting auxiliary member for connecting and fixing the branch portion and the second connecting branch portion to each other, and (f) concrete for filling the connecting gap so as to have the same thickness as the first construction unit member. The gist is that it is a member connecting body characterized by.

A third aspect of the present invention is a concrete construction method using a plurality of construction unit members, wherein (a) the plurality of construction unit members are arranged in the normal direction of the upper surface of each of the plurality of construction unit members. Are adjacent to each other via a connecting gap so that all the upper surfaces of the plurality of construction unit members are at the same plane level in the same orientation, and are placed on the upper surface of one construction unit member. A first connecting branch is a protruding end portion which is one of a plurality of vertically continuous side surfaces and in which either a plurality of main bars or a plurality of distribution bars protrude from a first facing side surface in contact with a connecting gap. It is one of a plurality of side surfaces that are continuous in the direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the other construction unit member that faces through the connecting gap, and is a plurality of main bars or a plurality of main bars from the second facing side surface that is in contact with the connecting gap. The step of using the protruding end of one of the plurality of force distribution bars as the second connecting branch, and (b) connecting the first connecting branch and the second connecting branch to each other, one and the other. The process of integrating the construction unit members of (c) and (c) the process of filling the connection gap with ready-mixed concrete and making the upper surface of one and the other integrated construction unit members a continuous flat surface, and (d). ) The gist is that it is a concrete construction method characterized by including a step of curing and hardening ready-mixed concrete to obtain a flat concrete surface. The plurality of construction unit members include a plurality of main bars arranged in parallel with each other, a plurality of force distribution bars arranged in parallel with each other forming a grid together with the main bars orthogonal to the main bars, and a convex polygon that can be tessellated. It is a plate-shaped block made of concrete in which the surface forming the lattice is parallel to the upper surface inside the solid having the shape of the upper surface, and the convex polygons face each other along the direction of the force distribution bar. Each includes a plate-shaped block in which the distance between the sides is shorter than the length of the distribution bar and the distance between the other opposite sides of the convex polygon measured in the direction of the main bar is shorter than the length of the main bar.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is (a) a mold having a plurality of side plates each having a plurality of holes on the base plate and surrounded by a plurality of side plates having a main surface in a direction perpendicular to the base plate. And (b) arranging multiple main bars parallel to each other, exposing both ends of each of the multiple main bars from a part of the multiple holes with the same length, and intersecting each of the multiple main bars. By arranging a plurality of force distribution bars in parallel with each other so as to form a grid pattern, both ends of each of the plurality of force distribution bars are exposed from the other part of the plurality of holes with the same length. , (C) The process of fixing each intersection of multiple main bars and multiple distribution bars, (d) The step of pouring ready-mixed concrete into the space surrounded by the base plate and formwork, and (e) Ready-mixed concrete. Includes a step of curing and hardening, (f) a step of separating the formwork from the hardened concrete, and (g) a step of separating the hardened concrete from the base plate to obtain a unit member for construction. The gist is that it is a method for manufacturing a unit member for construction, characterized in that the surface in contact with the concrete surface is an exposed surface during use.

According to the present invention, a construction unit member and a manufacturing method thereof, which can be relatively easy to adjust the base layer, have a large load capacity, and can significantly shorten the construction period, without labor and cost, and this construction. It is possible to provide a member connecting body in which a plurality of unit members are connected to each other on a two-dimensional plane, and a concrete construction method.

FIG. 1 (a) is a perspective view of the construction unit member according to the embodiment of the present invention with the lower surface facing up, and FIG. 1 (b) shows the upper surface of the construction unit member according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view of the state which was turned up. 2 (a), (b), (c), and (d) are a top view, a bottom view, a first side view, and a second side view of the construction unit member according to the embodiment of the present invention, respectively. FIG. 3A is a perspective view of a manufacturing instrument temporarily assembled in the manufacturing process of the construction unit member according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3B is a top view of FIG. 3A. .. It is a perspective view which shows the state which concrete is filled in the manufacturing apparatus which is temporarily assembled in the manufacturing process of the construction unit member which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the construction state of the soil concrete which is the member connecting body which connected the plurality of construction unit members which concerns on embodiment of this invention to each other on a two-dimensional plane. 6 (a) is a cross-sectional view seen from the direction AA of FIG. 5, and FIG. 6 (b) is a modified example of FIG. 6 (a).

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings below, the same or similar parts are designated by the same or similar reference numerals. However, it should be noted that the drawings are schematic, and the relationship between the thickness and the plane dimensions, the ratio of the sizes of each member, etc. are different from the actual ones. The specific thickness, dimensions, etc. should be judged more diversely in consideration of the purpose of the technical idea that can be understood from the following explanation. In addition, it goes without saying that the drawings include parts having different dimensional relationships and ratios from each other.

Further, the embodiments shown below exemplify a construction unit member, a member connecting body, and a concrete construction method for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the technical idea of the present invention is construction. The materials, shapes, structures, arrangements, etc. of the components that make up the unit members are not specified as follows. For example, the case where the main bar or the force distribution bar constituting the construction unit member according to the following embodiment of the present invention is a reinforcing bar is mainly illustrated, but the case is not limited to the reinforcing bar. The main bar or the force distribution bar may be a cylindrical shape such as an iron pipe, or may be an L-shaped steel, a C-shaped steel, an H-shaped steel, or the like. Further, the reinforcing bar is preferable in that it can be manufactured at low cost, but the material is not limited to iron, and stainless steel or the like may be used. As described above, the technical idea of the present invention is not limited to the contents described in the embodiment, and various changes can be made within the technical scope specified by the claims described in the claims. it can.

As the ancient Greek Pitagolas school proved in BC, the shapes of regular polygons that can be laid out so that there are no gaps by just translating and flipping a plane are equilateral triangles, squares, and hexagons. There are only three types. However, if the condition of a regular polygon is removed and rotation is allowed, it is possible to tile any triangle or quadrangle, including non-convex figures, so that there are no gaps. Regarding convex pentagons, in 2017, M. Rao claimed that there are no convex pentagons that can be tessellated other than 15 types, but it seems that they have not been verified by other researchers yet. About the convex hexagon, in 1918 the mathematician K.K. A. Reinhardt has announced three types of convex hexagons other than regular hexagons, proving that there are no other convex hexagons. It is known in the field of geometric mathematics that there is no convex figure of heptagon or larger that can be tiled so as not to create a gap. On the other hand, all parallelograms can be tessellated with one type.

The "plane filling type" used in the description of the following embodiment is a shape in which a plane can be completely spread with one kind of pattern only by translation and inversion so as not to generate a gap such as a small triangle. Means. The three regular polygons, equilateral triangles, squares, and hexagons, proved by Pythagoras are called "regular tessellations". Similarly, the term "tessellation" as used herein means that the plane is completely laid out so that there are no gaps in other shapes such as small triangles. In order to facilitate the explanation, in the following description of the embodiment, a rectangle (rectangle) is exemplarily described as a convex polygon that can be tessellated. However, the convex polygon that can be tessellated in the present invention is a rectangle. It is not limited.

Further, the definitions of directions such as "up", "down", "left", and "right" in the following description are merely selections for convenience of explanation, and do not limit the technical idea of the present invention. For example, if the object is rotated by 90 ° and observed, the left and right are converted to the top and bottom, and the top and bottom are converted to the left and right for reading. Moreover, it goes without saying that if the object is rotated 180 ° and observed, the object is flipped upside down and read in reverse. If it is a regular hexagon, it will have a shape equivalent to that before rotation if it is rotated by 60 ° and observed.

(Structure of unit members for construction)
As shown in FIG. 1, the construction unit member 11 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of main bars R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , R ₆ and main bars R arranged in parallel with each other. ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , R ₆ orthogonal to the main bars R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , R ₆ to form a lattice, multiple arranged parallel to each other The force distribution muscles C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₃ , and C ₄ are provided. Further, in the construction unit member 11 according to the embodiment of the present invention, (c) the surface of the lattice is parallel to the upper surface 13 inside the solid having the convex polygon that can be tessellated as the shape of the upper surface 13. It is a plate-shaped block made of concrete embedded in, and the distance between the opposite sides of the convex polygon along the directions of the _{force distribution bars C 1} , C ₂ , C ₃ , and C _{4 is the force distribution bars C 1} , C _2. , C ₃ , shorter than the length of _{C 4} , and the distance between the other opposite sides of the convex polygon measured in the directions of _{the main bars R 1} , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , and R _{6 is the length of the main bar.} It is equipped with a plate-shaped block that is shorter than that. _{Further, the construction unit member 11 according to the embodiment of the present invention has a plurality of main bars R 1} , R on each of a plurality of side surfaces continuous in the direction perpendicular to the upper surface 13 from each of the plurality of sides forming the convex polygon. ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , R ₆ or a plurality of distribution muscles C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₃ , C ₄ projecting vertically from the corresponding side surface as a protruding end. , The length of each of its protruding ends is equal.

As shown in FIG. 1, the construction unit member 11 according to the embodiment of the present invention has a plurality of main bars R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , and R _{6 arranged in parallel with the same length.} And the main bars R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , and R ₆ are orthogonal to the main bars R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , and R ₆ to form a grid in the shape of a grid. It includes a plurality of force distribution bars C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₃ , and C ₄ having the same length and arranged in parallel with each other. The details of the "grid-shaped grid" as an example are illustrated in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), a plate-shaped block having a rectangular upper surface 13 is provided. The upper surface 13 of the plate-shaped block has first and second short sides shorter than the lengths _{of the main bars R 1} , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , and R _{6 , and the force distribution bars C 1} , C ₂ , and C. _3, is a rectangle having a shorter first and second long sides than the length of the C _4.

As shown in FIG. 1, this plate-shaped block has a first side surface 17a along the first long side, a second side surface 17b along the second long side, a third side surface 19a along the first short side, and a second side. It has a rectangular parallelepiped shape as defined by the fourth side surface 19b along the short side. The first side surface 17a is a first vertical side surface that is bent in the direction perpendicular to the upper surface 13 along the first long side and is continuous with the upper surface 13. The second side surface 17b is also a second vertical side surface that is bent in the direction perpendicular to the upper surface 13 along the second long side and is continuous with the upper surface 13. Similarly, the third side surface 19a is also a third vertical side surface that is bent in the direction perpendicular to the upper surface 13 along the first short side and is continuous with the upper surface 13, and the fourth side surface 19b is also along the second short side. It is a fourth vertical side surface that is bent in the direction perpendicular to the upper surface 13 and is continuous with the upper surface 13. As a result, the plate-shaped block constituting the construction unit member 11 according to the embodiment has a three-dimensional shape in which the first to fourth vertical side surfaces bent along the outer shape of the upper surface 13 are continuously surrounded. In addition, "long side" and "short side" are definitions for convenience of explanation, and more comprehensively, the case where the length of the long side and the short side of the plate-shaped block of the construction unit member 11 are equal can be included. Is. When the lengths of the long side and the short side are equal, the upper surface 13 becomes a square, and the plate-shaped block becomes a thin square pillar having a square as the upper surface. When the upper surface 13 is square, _{the lengths of the main bars R 1} , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , R ₆ and the force distribution bars C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₃ , and C ₄ are equal. ..

In FIG. 1, the distance between the first side surface 17a along the first long side and the second side surface 17b along the second long side defines the “first feature length” of the plate-shaped block, and is along the first short side. The distance between the third side surface 19a and the fourth side surface 19b along the second short side defines the "second feature length" of the plate-shaped block. Explaining with a more general convex polygon, the "first feature length" is defined as the distance between opposite sides along one direction defined in the convex polygon, and the "second feature length" is the first. It is defined as the distance between the other opposite sides of a convex polygon, measured in a direction perpendicular to the feature length. The first feature length and the second feature length define the occupied space of the solid surrounded by the first to fourth vertical side surfaces along the outer shape of the upper surface 13. In the construction unit member 11 according to the embodiment, the first feature length of the plate-shaped block _{is shorter than the lengths of the force distribution bars C 1} , C ₂ , C ₃ , and C ₄ , and the second feature length is the main bar R ₁ , It is shorter than the length of R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , and R _6.

_{That is, the lengths of the force distribution bars C 1} , C ₂ , C ₃ , and C ₄ and the main bars R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , and R constituting the construction unit member 11 according to the result embodiment. _{The length of 6} extends beyond the occupied space defined by the first feature length and the second feature length. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the construction unit member 11 according to the embodiment has main bars R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , from the first side surface 17a and the second side surface 17b of the plate-shaped block made of concrete. Both ends of R ₅ and R ₆ are exposed (protruded) on both sides with the same length to form a "first protruding end". _{Similarly, both ends of the force distribution muscles C 1} , C ₂ , C ₃ , and C ₄ are exposed (protruded) to both sides from the third side surface 19a and the fourth side surface 19b with the same length, respectively, and the "second protruding end portion" is displayed. ". The grids in the shape of a grid shown in FIG. 3 are arranged parallel to the upper surface 13 so as to be located at a horizontal level at the center of the upper surface 13 and the lower surface 15 facing the upper surface 13.

By projecting the plurality of first protruding ends and the plurality of second protruding ends in the vertical direction from the four side surfaces of the plate-shaped block made of concrete, the construction unit member 11 according to the embodiment has a centipede structure. Is doing. As shown in FIG. 1, the plate-shaped block of the construction unit member 11 according to the embodiment of the present invention has an upper surface 13, a lower surface 15, a first side surface 17a and a second side surface 17b, a third side surface 19a, and a fourth side surface 19b. Inside, concrete is filled except for the parts where the main bars R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , R ₆ and the distribution bars C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₃ , and C _{4 are present.} Has been done.

As shown in FIG. 1B, a part (edge) of the lower end of the third side surface 19a of the plate-shaped block made of concrete and the lower ends (edges) of the first side surface 17a and the second side surface 17b continuous with the third side surface 19a. The notched first groove portion (stepped groove portion) 21a is arranged in a U shape on one side of the lower surface 15. Further, the lower end of the fourth side surface 19b and the second groove portion 21b that cuts out a part of the lower end of the first side surface 17a and the second side surface 17b continuous with the fourth side surface 19b are U-shaped on the other side of the lower surface 15. It is arranged. The notched structure of the first groove portion 21a and the second groove portion 21b is also shown in FIG. 2 (c). As can be seen from FIG. 1A, the cross-sectional shapes of the first groove portion 21a and the second groove portion 21b, which are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction along the line of the brush that draws a U shape, are L-shaped stepped shapes. ..

In the present specification, the "U-shaped" means that the shape of the "U" in katakana can be approximated when viewed from the normal direction of the lower surface 15 as shown in FIG. 2 (b). To do. Just because it cannot approximate the shape of the "U" character when fixed from any direction does not mean that it does not apply to the "U-shape". The same can be said for other shapes such as "cross" and "T". As shown in FIG. 2B, the first groove portion 21a in which the plane pattern is arranged in a U shape and the second groove portion 21b in which the plane pattern is arranged in a U shape each have a three-dimensional recess that causes a step portion. It is a negative expression that indicates the "space" itself, and does not mean an existing three-dimensional shape.

The lower surface 15 having both ends cut out in a U shape by the first groove portion 21a and the second groove portion 21b does not have the same shape and area as the upper surface 13, but the peripheral edges on both short sides of the rectangle are square. Since it lacks a rectangular shape, it is a flat surface with a smaller area than the upper surface 13. Alternatively, the lower surface 15 can also be expressed as a thick cross-shaped plane. The upper surface 13 and the lower surface 15 are planes parallel to each other. The shortest distance from the upper surface 13 to the lower surface 15 is defined as the "thickness" of the plate-shaped block.

Concrete is a hardened product obtained by solidifying aggregates such as sand and gravel, water and the like with cement. It is a building material that is widely used, and in particular, the state before solidification is called ready-mixed concrete. As the concrete of the construction unit member 11 according to the embodiment of the present invention, any concrete can be used as long as it is generally called concrete. Since the performance of concrete such as durability differs depending on the type and composition ratio of cement, aggregate, and other admixtures used, a material that realizes the desired performance such as load capacity can be appropriately selected.

The upper surface 13 shown in FIGS. 1B and 2A is a rectangular and smooth surface. For example, when the "soil concrete" is configured as a member connecting body in which the construction unit members 11 according to the embodiment are connected, the surface is exposed as the surface of the soil concrete. The lower surface 15 shown in FIGS. 1A and 2B has a first groove portion 21a arranged in a U shape and a second groove portion 21b arranged in a U shape on the peripheral edge portion.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 (c), the first side surface 17a and the second side surface 17b are T-shaped planes and have the same shape when the upper surface 13 is on the upper side. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 (d), the third side surface 19a is rectangular and is adjacent to the first groove 21a arranged in a U shape. Although the fourth side surface 19b is not shown so that the entire image can be directly confirmed, it is a surface facing the third side surface 19a, is rectangular like the third side surface 19a, and has a U-shape. It is adjacent to the second groove portion 21b arranged in.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, etc., the main _{bars R 1} , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , and R ₆ are composed of six reinforcing bars arranged in parallel with each other at equal intervals, and have a rectangular shape on the upper surface 13. It is parallel to the short side and longer than the short side, and penetrates the inside of the plate-shaped block. Then, both ends of the plate-shaped block are exposed on both sides with the same length as "first protruding ends" from the first side surface 17a and the second side surface 17b. The main bars R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , and R ₆ are exposed as the first protruding end portion from the central portion in the thickness direction of the plate-shaped block on the first side surface 17a and the second side surface 17b. .. In the construction of soil concrete, the first protruding end portion consisting of reinforcing bars exposed on both sides with the same length shall be connected to the exposed first or second protruding end portion of another adjacent construction unit member. Therefore, it suffices to have a length sufficient for arc welding, bundling, and the like.

For example, a first protruding end portion having a length of about 5 cm can be adopted. The length of the first protruding end portion can be arbitrarily set depending on the spacing of the construction unit members in the construction of soil concrete. _{The distance between the main bars R 1} , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , and R ₆ shown in FIG. 1 is about 30 cm, but can be about 25 to 35 cm. When changing the distance between the main bars R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , and R ₆ from about 30 cm, configure the main bars R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , and R ₆ . The number of reinforcing bars can be increased or decreased.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, etc., the force distribution _{bars C 1} , C ₂ , C ₃ , and C ₄ are composed of four reinforcing bars arranged parallel to each other at equal intervals, and are arranged in the long side direction of the rectangle on the upper surface 13. It is parallel, longer than the long side, and penetrates the inside of the plate-shaped block. Then, both ends of the plate-shaped block from the third side surface 19a and the fourth side surface 19b are exposed on both sides with the same length as the "second protruding end portion". The force distribution muscles C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₃ , and C ₄ are plate-shaped on the third side surface 19a and the fourth side surface 19b, similar to the main muscles R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , and R _6. It is exposed on both sides with the same length from the center in the thickness direction of the block. In the construction of soil concrete, the second protruding end made of the exposed reinforcing bar is connected to the first or second protruding end of another adjacent construction unit member, so that arc welding or bundling is performed. It suffices to have a length that allows for the above.

For example, a second protruding end portion having a length of about 5 cm can be adopted. The length of the second protruding end portion can be arbitrarily set depending on the spacing of the construction unit members in the construction of soil concrete. _{The distance between the force distribution muscles C 1} , C ₂ , C ₃ , and C ₄ shown in FIG. 1 is about 20 cm, but can be about 15 to 25 cm. When changing the distance distribution force muscle _{C 1, C 2, C 3} , C 4 from about 20cm may increase or decrease the number of reinforcing bars constituting distribution force muscle _{C 1, C 2, C 3} , C 4 it can.

Of the reinforcing bars, the main bars _{R 1} , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , R ₆ and the force distribution _{bars C 1} , C ₂ , C ₃ , and C _{4 are preferably deformed steel bars.} Reinforcing bars are roughly classified into "round steel" and "deformed bar steel", but deformed bar steel has a special shape with irregularities on the surface of the bar, and is a reinforcing bar usually used as a material for reinforcing concrete. is there. Protrusions called ribs and knots are provided on the surface, which contributes to increasing the adhesion and fixing force with concrete. The ribs are irregularities that are continuously attached in the axial direction, and the knots are irregularities that are attached in the direction other than the axial direction. Due to these protrusions, the surface area of the rod itself becomes large, and it becomes difficult for the reinforcing bar to come out of the concrete.

There are various reinforcing bars such as the distance between knots, the angle between knots and the axis, and the height of knots, but this is a matter of design selection and can be selected in various ways depending on the desired load capacity. Regarding the nominal diameter of the reinforcing bar, various standards can be selected in terms of design depending on the desired load capacity, concrete amount, and thickness. For example, according to the Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS), there are standards for nominal diameters of reinforcing bars such as 9.53 mm, 12.7 mm, 15.9 mm, and 19.1 mm, but various diameters can be selected.

The rectangle on the upper surface 13 shown in FIGS. 1 (b), 2 (a), and the like can take various side lengths and ratios of long side to short side. The thickness of the plate-shaped block can also take various values. For the first groove portion 21a and the second groove portion 21b in which the plane patterns shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 2 (b) are arranged in a U shape, the width of the line of the character "U". In the following, the length corresponding to is defined as the “width” of the first groove portion 21a and the second groove portion 21b for convenience. On the other hand, the length corresponding to the three-dimensional depth of the "U" character measured in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface is defined below as the "depth" of the first groove portion 21a and the second groove portion 21b. The "width" of the first groove portion 21a and the second groove portion 21b and the "depth" of the first groove portion 21a and the second groove portion 21b can take various values.

As an example, if it is installed in front of a warehouse of agricultural land such as a field, considering the handling of construction unit members and the load capacity according to the embodiment, for example, the long side LS of the upper surface 13 is about 180 cm, and the upper surface 13 The short side SS = about 90 cm and the thickness can be about 12 cm. Further, the width of the grooves of the first groove 21a arranged in a U shape and the second groove 21b arranged in a U shape is about 4 cm, and the first groove 21a and the U shape arranged in a U shape. A groove depth of about 4 cm in the second groove portion 21b arranged in the mold can be adopted. As shown in FIG. 1, when there are 6 _{main bars R 1} , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , and R _{6 , and 4 main bars C 1} , C ₂ , C ₃ , and C ₄ . The construction unit member according to the embodiment weighs about 450 kg.

(Manufacturing method of unit members for construction)
In the method for manufacturing a unit member for construction according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, a base plate 43 is horizontally placed on an iron plate having a thickness of about 9 to 16 mm, which is a pedestal 41, and the base plate is formed. A mold (45a, 45b, 47a, 47b) surrounded by four side plates 45a, 45b, 47a, 47b having a main surface in the direction perpendicular to the base plate 43 is fixed to the surface of the 43. As the base plate 43, for example, a galvanized iron plate having a thickness of about 0.27 to 0.8 mm or an iron plate having a thickness of about 1.2 mm can be adopted. It is also possible to use a concrete plate having a thickness of about 5 to 20 cm as the pedestal 41. When the upper surface 13 of the plate-shaped block constituting the construction unit member is used as a design surface or a design surface, a plate having various patterns may be used as the base plate 43. When a design in which an accidental pattern is generated on the upper surface 13 is expected, an elastic film such as a vinyl sheet may be used as the base plate 43 to form a design pattern by shrinkage of the base plate 43.

The formwork (45a, 45b, 47a, 47b) is composed of four side plates 45a, 45b, 47a, 47b, and the respective side plates 45a, 45b, 47a, 47b have reinforcing bars serving as main bars or force distribution bars. There are multiple holes that allow the round bar to pass through. Each of the four side plates 45a, 45b, 47a, and 47b is fixed so that one surface thereof is in close contact with the base plate 43 without a gap. As the fixing method, any method may be used as long as the four side plates 45a, 45b, 47a, 47b can be attached to and detached from the base plate 43, such as by using bolts. The inner space surrounded by the base plate 43 and the four side plates 45a, 45b, 47a, 47b is a rectangular parallelepiped. Instead of the four plates shown in FIG. 3A, the flat surfaces of the C-shaped steel or the L-shaped steel may be used as the side plates 45a, 45b, 47a, 47b, and the L-shaped bottom surface of the L-shaped steel is in contact with the base plate 43. By fixing in this way, the contact surface of the side plates 45a, 45b, 47a, 47b with the base plate 43 may be widened.

_{Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the main bars R 1} , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , R ₆ and the force distribution bars are inserted into the plurality of holes of the four side plates 45a, 45b, 47a, and 47b, respectively. Pass through C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₃ , and C _4. As shown in FIG. 3, a grid pattern is formed through the six _{main bars R 1} , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , and R _{6 , and the four main bars C 1} , C ₂ , C ₃ , and C _4. The pattern is apparently composed. In the grid pattern shown in FIG. 3, the force distribution muscles C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₃ , and C ₄ are located above the main muscles R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , and R _6. However, this arrangement may be reversed. When arranging so as to form a grid pattern, in order to prevent cracks from occurring on the upper surface 13 which is the surface when the member connecting body is constructed as much as possible, the relatively longer streaks, that is, the force distribution Muscles C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₃ , and C ₄ should be placed on the lower side. Further, in FIGS. 3A and 3B, each main bar and force distribution bar is one, but two or more steel materials or the like may be overlapped and connected.

Next, although not shown, the main bars R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , R ₆ and the force distribution bars C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₃ , C, which form a grid pattern, are shown. _{Each intersection of 4} is fixed to form a grid. Intersections, in FIG. 3 (b) for example, an intersection of the main reinforcement R ₁ and Wiring force muscle C _1. Each intersection is fixed by arc welding, bundling or other means to form a grid. Next, the first recess forming member (51a, 49a, 51b) and the second recess forming member (51c, 49b, 51d) are fixed to the inner upper portion of the mold (45a, 45b, 47a, 47b) with bolts or the like. To do. In FIG. 3, the first recess forming member (51a, 49a, 51b) is composed of three square bars. The same applies to the second recess forming members (51c, 49b, 51d), which are formed in a U shape with three square bars.

Regarding the first recess forming member (51a, 49a, 51b) and the second recess forming member (51c, 49b, 51d), instead of three square bars, each member is molded into a U shape from the beginning. May be used. When the ready-mixed concrete is poured in the post-process due to the presence of the first recess forming member (51a, 49a, 51b) and the second recess forming member (51c, 49b, 51d), the work according to the embodiment in FIG. The first groove portion 21a arranged in a U shape and the second groove portion 21b arranged in a U shape are formed in the unit member 11. In the step of fixing the first recess forming member (51a, 49a, 51b) and the second recess forming member (51c, 49b, 51d), the main bar or arrangement is made in the hole of the mold (45a, 45b, 47a, 47b). It may be before the process of fixing each intersection through the force muscle.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the base plate 43, the formwork (45a, 45b, 47a, 47b), the first recess forming member (51a, 49a, 51b) and the second recess forming member (51c, 49b) , 51d) Pour ready-mixed concrete into the space. The amount of ready-mixed concrete is adjusted so as not to hide the U-shape seen from the upper surface of the first recess forming member (51a, 49a, 51b) and the second recess forming member (51c, 49b, 51d). Pour in. Mold (45a, 45b, 47a, 47b ) to have available a plurality of holes on the sides, as shown in FIG. 3, the main reinforcements _{R 1, R 2, R 3} , R 4, R 5, R 6 and Hairyoku Although there are still gaps after passing through the bars C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₃ , and C ₄ , the viscosity of the ready-mixed concrete causes the ready-mixed concrete to flow out of the formwork (45a, 45b, 47a, 47b) from the holes. It rarely happens. After pouring the ready-mixed concrete, normal compaction is performed using a vibrator or the like in order to reduce the gap between the ready-mixed concrete and strengthen the adhesive force between the main bar and the distribution bar.

Next is the step of curing and hardening the ready-mixed concrete, but various curing methods can be taken. For example, watering curing, wet curing, etc. Select an appropriate curing method according to conditions such as outside temperature, humidity, and weather. Next, when it is confirmed that the ready-mixed concrete is sufficiently hardened, as shown in FIG. 4, a plate-shaped block of the construction unit member 11 according to the embodiment is formed inside the formwork (45a, 45b, 47a, 47b) and the like. It will be formed. The first recess forming member (51a, 49a, 51b) and the second recess forming member (51c, 49b, 51d) are unfixed and separated from the hardened concrete, that is, the construction unit member 11.

Next, the formwork (45a, 45b, 47a, 47b) is unfixed and separated from the hardened concrete, that is, the construction unit member 11. At this point, the construction unit member 11 according to the embodiment as shown in FIG. 1A appears. That is, in the method of manufacturing the construction unit member according to the embodiment, the lower surface 15 of the construction unit member 11 is manufactured so as to be located on the upper side as shown in FIG. 1A. Subsequently, the hardened concrete, that is, the construction unit member 11 is separated from the base plate 43 to obtain the construction unit member 11 as shown in FIG. 1A.

(Concrete construction method)
Hereinafter, the concrete construction method according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described by taking the structure of the soil concrete shown in FIG. 6A as an example. The definitions of directions such as "upper", "lower", "left", and "right" in the description of the concrete construction method according to the embodiment of the present invention are merely selection examples for convenience of explanation, and the technical idea of the present invention is used. As mentioned at the beginning, it is not limited. For example, if the construction unit member or the member connecting body constituting the soil concrete according to the embodiment is rotated by 90 ° and observed, the left and right are converted to the top and bottom, and the top and bottom are converted to the left and right for reading. Specifically, if the structure of the soil concrete shown in FIG. 6A is rotated by 90 °, for example, the horizontal plane of the soil concrete becomes a vertical surface of the wall material. Further, if the structure of the soil concrete shown in FIG. 6A is rotated by 180 °, for example, the horizontal plane of the illustrated soil concrete becomes the horizontal plane of the ceiling material.

First, in the concrete construction method according to the embodiment, gravel to be the base layer 31 of the soil concrete is laid on the ground 33 and leveled with a roller or the like to form a surface having a uniform and uniform horizontal level. A thickness of about 5 cm is sufficient for the base layer 31. No gravel is needed if the ground 33 is already well leveled. Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the first groove portion 21a and the second groove portion 21b provided on the peripheral edge portion of the lower surface 15 as shown in FIG. 1A are placed downward on the base layer 31. The other (right side) construction unit member 11b facing the one (left side) first construction unit member 11a and the one first construction unit member 11a via a connecting gap is placed therein. .. That is, the normal directions of the upper surfaces of the first construction unit member 11a arranged on the left side and the second construction unit member 11b arranged on the right side are set to be the same and separated from each other. Arrange them in parallel so that all the upper surfaces are on the same plane level.

The first construction unit member 11a and the second construction unit member 11b have substantially the same structure as the construction unit member 11 shown in FIG. Since it has the same structure, detailed illustration is omitted, but the first construction unit member 11a has a plurality of first main bars Ra (see FIG. 6) and the first main bar Ra arranged in parallel with the same length. Along with the first main bar Ra which is orthogonal to each other, a plurality of first force distribution bars having the same length and arranged in parallel with each other are provided to form the first lattice. The upper surface of the first construction unit member 11a has the first and second short sides shorter than the length of the first main bar Ra and the first and second long sides shorter than the length of the first force distribution bar. It is a rectangle having. The first construction unit member 11a has a rectangular parallelepiped shape defined by a side surface along the first and second long sides and a side surface along the first and second short sides. The first construction unit member 11a constitutes a "first protruding end portion" by exposing both ends of the first main bar Ra with the same length from the side surfaces along the first and second long sides. .. Further, both ends of the first force distribution muscle are exposed from the side surfaces along the first and second short sides with the same length, respectively, to form a "second protruding end portion". The first construction unit member 11a further includes a first plate-shaped block made of concrete in which a first grid is embedded.

The second construction unit member 11b has the same structure as the first construction unit member 11a. The second construction unit member 11b is the same as the first lattice together with a plurality of second main bars Rb (see FIG. 6) arranged in parallel with the same length, orthogonal to the second main bar Rb, and the second main bar Rb. It includes a plurality of second force distribution bars of the same length and arranged in parallel with each other, which constitute the second lattice of the structure. The second construction unit member 11b has a third and fourth short side whose upper surface is shorter than the length of the second main bar Rb, and a third and fourth long side whose upper surface is shorter than the length of the second force distribution bar. It is a rectangle to have. The second construction unit member 11b has a rectangular parallelepiped shape defined by a side surface along the third and fourth long sides and a side surface along the third and fourth short sides. The second construction unit member 11b constitutes a "third protruding end portion" by exposing both ends of the second main bar Rb with the same length from the side surfaces along the third and fourth long sides. .. Further, both ends of the second force distribution muscle are exposed with the same length from the side surfaces along the third and fourth short sides to form the "fourth protruding end portion". The second construction unit member 11b further includes a second plate-shaped block made of concrete in which a second grid is embedded.

Although the name of the "second main bar" is given to the second construction unit member 11b, it is a name for convenience of explanation and is a substance of the "first main bar" of the first construction unit member 11a. It is a member having the same structure and function. Similarly, the name of the "second force distribution bar" is given to the second construction unit member 11b, but the name is for convenience of explanation and is the "first arrangement" of the first construction unit member 11a. It is a member having substantially the same structure and function as a "force muscle". Similarly, the third and fourth short sides are the same as the first and second short sides of the first construction unit member 11a, and the third and fourth long sides are the first of the first construction unit member 11a. Same as 1st and 2nd long side. As a result, the "third protruding end" and the "fourth protruding end" are also equivalent to the "first protruding end" and the "second protruding end" of the construction unit member 11a, respectively.

The first construction unit member 11a is placed by using a heavy machine, but the portion lifted by the heavy machine, that is, the portion where the weight of the first construction unit member 11a is applied is the strength of the first construction unit member 11a. The portion with a large value is preferable.

Explaining with reference to FIG. 1, on the lower surface 15 of the construction unit member 11, the vicinity of both sides in contact with the first side surface 17a and the second side surface 17b is a portion suitable for lifting by a heavy machine due to the strength of the construction unit member 11. Is. Each plane cut out in a U shape in contact with the first groove portion 21a and the second groove portion 21b is a main bar penetrating the inside of the concrete from the vicinity of both sides in contact with the first side surface 17a and the second side surface 17b of the lower surface 15. Since the concrete has a thin thickness and weak strength due to the proximity of the force distribution bars, the concrete part is likely to be chipped when a load is applied, making it unsuitable for lifting by heavy machinery. The same applies to the second construction unit member 11b. The distance between the first construction unit member 11a and the second construction unit member 11b can be arbitrarily set.

Next, the first protruding end portion, which is the end portion of the first main bar Ra of the first construction unit member 11a, is selected as the "first connecting branch portion", and the second connecting portion is opposed to each other through the connecting gap. The third protruding end portion, which is the end portion of the second main bar Rb of the construction unit member 11b, is selected as the “second connecting branch portion”. Each of the plate-shaped blocks constituting the first construction unit member 11a and the second construction unit member 11b has a three-dimensional shape in which four vertical side surfaces bent along the outer shape of the upper surface are continuously surrounded. In the concrete construction method according to the embodiment, one of the first construction unit members 11a facing each other through a connecting gap located between the first construction unit member 11a and the second construction unit member 11b. The case where the vertical side surface is selected as the "first facing side surface" will be exemplified. Similarly, in this example, one vertical side surface of the second construction unit member 11b facing each other through the connecting gap is selected as the "second facing side surface". After all, in this example, the first connecting branch portion is the first protruding end portion protruding from the first facing side surface, and the second connecting branch portion is the third protruding end portion protruding from the second facing side surface. .. Then, the first connecting branch and the second connecting branch are connected and fixed to each other by arc welding or the like. The length of the first protruding end portion and the third protruding end portion can be, for example, about 5 cm as shown in the construction unit member 11 of FIG. 1 (a). Therefore, if the distance between the side surfaces of the plate-shaped blocks of the first construction unit member 11a and the second construction unit member 11b is 10 cm, the end portion of the first projecting end portion and the third projecting end portion Can be fixed by directly aligning with the end of.

If the distance between the side surfaces of the plate-shaped blocks of the first construction unit member 11a and the second construction unit member 11b is larger than 10 cm, as shown in FIG. 6A, the connecting auxiliary member Rp ₁ Should be used. As shown in FIG. 6A, a connection step such as arc welding is performed using _{the connecting auxiliary member Rp 1} having a length suitable for the distance between the first protruding end and the third protruding end. For example, if the connecting auxiliary member Rp ₁ is 5 cm, the distance between the side surfaces of the plate-shaped blocks of the first construction unit member 11a and the second construction unit member 11b can be set to 15 cm.

In the work of forming a concrete surface by tiling (tiling) a plurality of actual construction unit members, the plate-shaped blocks constituting each of the plurality of construction unit members used for tessellation have the outer shape of the upper surface. It is a three-dimensional shape that is continuously surrounded by four vertical sides that bend along. Therefore, the four vertical side surfaces of each plate-shaped block face the vertical side surfaces of other adjacent plate-shaped blocks appropriately via a connecting gap, corresponding to the tessellation topology that is the design specification. For this reason, in tessellation using a plurality of construction unit members, the vertical side surface of one of the plate-shaped blocks facing each other through the connecting gap is selected as the "first facing side surface", and the vertical side surface is selected as the "first facing side surface" through the connecting gap. One vertical side surface of the other opposing construction unit member is selected as the "second facing side surface". After all, except for the plate-shaped blocks arranged around the concrete surface to be constructed, the first connecting branch or the second connecting branch is designed on each vertical side surface of all the plate blocks. It can be defined according to. Therefore, it should be noted that FIG. 6 focuses on the two construction unit members and is merely an exemplary explanation explaining some of the procedures.

By the welding portion 71a on the left side by arc welding shown in FIG. 6A, the end portion of the first protruding end portion and the end portion of the connecting auxiliary member Rp ₁ are melted and fixed to each other. _{Further, the end portion of the connecting auxiliary member Rp 1 and} the end portion of the third protruding end portion are melted and fixed to each other by the welded portion 71b on the right side shown in FIG. 6A. As a result, the third protruding end portion adjacent to the first protruding end portion is _{firmly fixed to each other by the connecting auxiliary member Rp 1} , and the first construction unit member 11a and the second construction unit member 11b are separated from each other. Be integrated.

As the connecting auxiliary member Rp ₁ , a steel material having the same diameter as the first main bar Ra of the first construction unit member 11a and the second main bar Rb of the second construction unit member 11b may be used. If the first main bar Ra of the first construction unit member 11a and the second main bar Rb of the second construction unit member 11b are reinforcing bars, it is preferable to use reinforcing bars having the same diameter. The connection may be made by gas pressure welding instead of arc welding.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6B, a connecting auxiliary member longer than the distance between the first connecting branch formed by the first protruding end and the second connecting branch formed by the third protruding end. Rp ₂ may be superposed on both ends of the first protruding end and the third protruding end, respectively. In FIG. 6B, after the connecting auxiliary member Rp ₂ is superposed on the two-stage structure, arc welding or the like is performed, and the connecting auxiliary member Rp ₂ and the first protruding end portion are formed by the welded portions 71c and 71d. The end of the first connecting branch and the end of the second connecting branch including the third protruding end are connected to each other.

Further, although not shown, a mechanical connection method using a coupler or the like can also be adopted. If the first main bar Ra and the second main bar Rb are pipes, the connecting portion may be sealed after connecting with a double pipe structure, and the first main bar Ra and the second main bar Rb may be connected using a general pipe joint. It may be connected so as to form one pipe. When the first main bar Ra and the second main bar Rb are connected by using a pipe joint or the like, the wiring of the electric heater or the like is passed through the inside of the cylinder to which the first main bar Ra and the second main bar Rb are connected, and the first main bar The construction unit member 11a and the second construction unit member 11b can be used as a snow melting panel.

When the first main bar Ra and the second main bar Rb are pipes, the first main bar Ra and the second main bar Rb are connected to flow a fluid having a snowmelt temperature or higher inside the first main bar Ra and the second main bar Rb. The construction unit member 11a and the second construction unit member 11b can be used as a snowmelt panel and can be used for snowmelting in road heating, parking lots, and the like. In order to use the snow melting panel, it is necessary to thermally design the surfaces of the first construction unit member 11a and the second construction unit member 11b so that the temperature is 1 ° C. to 2 ° C. It is also possible to use various natural heat sources such as passing hot spring water through the inside of the pipe as the second main bar Rb.

Next, the first construction unit member 11a and the first construction unit member 11a and the second main reinforcement Rb of the second construction unit member 11b are hidden so that the first main bar Ra of the first construction unit member 11a and the second main bar Rb of the second construction unit member 11b in FIG. 6A are hidden. The ready-mixed concrete 21 is poured into the connecting gap between the second construction unit members 11b, and the upper surfaces of the construction unit members 11a and the second construction unit members 11b are finished into continuous flat surfaces. At this time, the ready-mixed concrete 21 is also filled in the first groove portion and the second groove portion of the first construction unit member 11a and the second construction unit member 11b, respectively. At this time, in order to reduce the gap between the ready-mixed concrete 21 and strengthen the adhesive force with the main bar or the distribution bar, normal compaction is performed using a vibrator or the like, and the inside of the first groove portion and the second groove portion is formed. The ready-mixed concrete 21 is uniformly and sufficiently filled. Next, the ready-mixed concrete 21 is cured and hardened. As described in the method of manufacturing the unit member for construction according to the embodiment, various curing methods such as watering curing and wet curing can be adopted according to conditions such as outside air temperature, humidity, and weather. When the poured ready-mixed concrete 21 is sufficiently hardened, the soil concrete is completed.

Although the illustration as shown in FIG. 6 is omitted, the second protruding end portion, which is the end portion of the force distribution bar of the one (upper side) first construction unit member 11a shown in FIG. 5, is the first. It is defined as a connecting branch, and is the end of the force distribution bar of the second construction unit member 11d adjacent to the other (lower side) facing the first construction unit member 11a via the connecting gap. The fourth protruding end portion is defined as the second connecting branch portion, and is connected and fixed to each other according to the same purpose as the technical content shown in FIG. Here, "upper side" and "lower side" are definitions on the plane pattern. The upper second protruding end and the lower fourth protruding end can be, for example, about 5 cm. Similar to that shown in FIG. 6B, a connecting auxiliary member longer than the distance between the end of the second protruding end and the end of the fourth protruding end is provided between the second protruding end and the second protruding end. 4 After overlapping each of both ends of the protruding end portion, they may be connected by arc welding or the like.

As already described, the definitions of the directions such as "upper", "lower", "left", and "right" in the description of the member connecting body according to the embodiment are merely selection examples for convenience of explanation. It should be noted that when the member connecting body shown in FIG. 5 is rotated by 90 ° and observed, the left and right are converted up and down, and the top and bottom are converted left and right and read.

FIG. 5 shows a connecting gap between the left side construction unit members 11a, 11d, 11g, 11i, the right side construction unit members 11b, 11e, 11h, 11j, and the right side construction unit members 11c, 11f, respectively. The whole view of the soil concrete in the state where the concrete 21 is poured into is shown. In FIG. 5, the concrete 21 is poured into the connecting gap between the upper construction unit members 11a, 11b, 11c and the lower construction unit members 11d, 11e, 11f. A connecting gap between the lower construction unit members 11d and 11e and the lower construction unit members 11g and 11h, and further the lower construction unit members 11g and 11h and the lowermost construction unit member 11i. The same applies to the connecting gap between, and 11j.

The peripheral edge of the soil concrete is on one side of the upper surface of the construction unit members 11a, 11d, 11g, 11i on the left side, the construction unit members 11b, 11e, 11h, 11j on the right side, and the construction unit members 11c, 11f on the right side. It may be present, or it may be concrete 21 which is poured and hardened later. In the upper half of the soil concrete shown in FIG. 5, the left side construction unit members 11a and 11d, the right side construction unit members 11b and 11e, and the right side construction unit members 11c and 11f are arranged at substantially equal intervals. On the other hand, in the lower half of the soil concrete shown in FIG. 5, the left side construction unit members 11g and 11i and the right side construction unit members 11h and 11j are not evenly spaced.

The lower part of FIG. 5 has a soil concrete structure that spreads toward the end. The distance between the construction unit member 11i on the left side and the construction unit member 11j on the right side is wider than the others. If the main bars of the left side construction unit member 11i and the right side construction unit member 11j are connected by using a relatively long connecting auxiliary member, a member connecting body having an arbitrary plane pattern as shown in FIG. 5 can be connected. It is possible to construct soil concrete.

Further, the construction unit member 11i on the left side and the construction unit member 11j on the right side shall have a size and shape obtained by cutting out the construction unit member manufactured by the method for manufacturing the construction unit member according to the embodiment to an arbitrary size. Is also possible. Since the construction unit member according to the embodiment is composed of reinforcing bars and concrete which are main bars and force distribution bars, it can be easily cut by a dedicated cutting tool such as a diamond cutter. Using the cut-out left side construction unit member 11i and the right side construction unit member 11j, soil concrete which is a member connection of any plane pattern other than that shown in FIG. 5 can also be constructed.

Further, although not shown, the first protruding end of one construction unit member is a first connecting branch, and the fourth protruding end of the other construction unit member is a second connecting branch. The first connecting branch and the second connecting branch may be connected. That is, the longitudinal direction of the other construction unit member is positioned substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of one construction unit member, and the first protruding end portion and the fourth protruding end portion are connected to each other. .. Similarly, the second protruding end of one construction unit member is the first connecting branch, the third protruding end of the other construction unit member is the second connecting branch, and the first connecting branch. The portion and the second connecting branch portion may be connected. The arrangement of the unit members for construction can be freely set depending on the shape of the land on which the concrete, which is the member connecting body according to the embodiment, is to be constructed.

Here, it is assumed that the width of the connecting gap is D. When the longitudinal directions of the first plate-shaped block of the first construction unit member 11a and the second plate-shaped block of the second construction unit member 11b are orthogonal to each other, the first construction unit member The length SS of the first short side of each of the plate-shaped blocks of the unit members 11a and the second construction unit member 11b needs to include the length of D / 2 on both sides of the first short side in tessellation. Therefore, the short side length SS _effect = SS + D of the effective plate-shaped block. Similarly, in tessellation, the length LS of the first long side of each plate-shaped block of the first construction unit member 11a and the second construction unit member 11b is D on both sides of the first long side. Since it is necessary to include the length of / 2, the long side length of the effective plate-shaped block LS _effect = LS + D.

Therefore, the relationship between the _{effective long side length LS effect} of the plate-shaped block including the width D of the connecting gap and the effective short _{side length SS effect of the plate-shaped block:}

LS _effect = 2SS _effect …… (1)
LS + D = 2 (SS + D) …… (2)

By choosing to satisfy the above, it is possible to arrange the tessellation in a Japanese-style room by arranging tatami mats in a "celebration" manner. In the ceremonial floor, tatami mats are laid so that the corners of the four tatami mats do not gather in one place. If you prepare a square plate-shaped block with _{a side length SS and an effective side length SS effect} , like a half tatami mat laid between 4 and a half tatami mats, you can fill the plane freely. The degree increases. Further, if such a half-sized square plate-shaped block is prepared, various tessellation arrangements such as "British stacking", "French stacking", and "small-lot stacking" in brickwork become possible.

When the longitudinal directions of the plate-shaped blocks of the first construction unit member 11a and the second construction unit member 11b are orthogonal to each other, the arrangement of the first protruding end portion and the fourth protruding end portion connected to each other is arranged. It is preferable that the pitches are equal and the pitches of the arrangement of the second protruding end portion and the third protruding end portion are equal. If the pitch is wider than the width D of the connecting gap, the pitches of the arrangement of the first to fourth protruding ends may be made equal. When the pitch is narrower than the width D of the connecting gap, the two third short sides are arranged next to the first long side, and in the tessellation in which the two third short sides are arranged through the connecting gap of the width D, the first and second long sides are arranged. The arrangement of the first protruding ends exposed to is omitted at the center width D, and the pitch of the arrangement of the first protruding ends on both sides thereof is the pitch of the fourth protruding end exposed on the third short side. May be equal. Alternatively, in an arrangement of the same pitch, an unbonded hand (dangling bond) in which the first protruding end portion and the fourth protruding end portion are not connected at the central width D may be used.

"Longitudinal stacking (horse stepping)" is a stacking method in which the arrangement of the bricks at the k-th stage and the bricks at the (k + 1) stage immediately above it is shifted by half a cycle in the longitudinal direction of the bricks. In the longitudinal stacking, the arrangement of the bricks in the (k + 1) stage and the bricks in the (k + 2) stage immediately above it is also shifted by half a cycle. Similar to the longitudinal stacking of bricks, the longitudinal direction of the first construction unit member 11a on the k-th row and the longitudinal direction of the second construction unit member 11b on the adjacent (k + 1) row are parallel to each other. Even when the arrangement of the plate-shaped blocks is shifted by half a cycle in the longitudinal direction, if the pitch is wider than the width D of the connecting gap, the pitches of the arrangements of the first and third protruding ends can be made equal. In the longitudinal stacking pattern, when the pitch is narrower than the width D of the connecting gap, two third long sides are arranged next to the first long side through the connecting gap of the width D, resulting in tessellation. Therefore, the arrangement of the first protruding ends exposed on the second long side is omitted at the center width D, and the pitch of the arrangement of the first protruding ends on both sides thereof is exposed on the third long side. 3 It may be equal to the pitch of the protruding end portion. Alternatively, in an arrangement of the same pitch, a long stacking pattern may be used in which the first protruding end portion and the third protruding end portion are not connected to each other at the central width D, which is an unbonded hand (dangling bond).

On the other hand, in the arrangement of the unit pattern in which the first short side of the plate-shaped block of the two second construction unit members 11b is arranged with respect to the first long side of the plate-shaped block of the first construction unit member 11a. Considering the width D of the connecting gap between the plate-shaped blocks of the two second construction unit members 11b, the length SS of the first short side of the plate-shaped block of the second construction unit member 11b And the relationship between the length LS of the first long side of the plate-shaped block of the first construction unit member 11a,

LS = 2SS + D …… (3)

It is also possible to choose a design.

Assuming that the shape and dimensions of the plate-shaped block of the first construction unit member 11a and the plate-shaped block of the two second construction unit members 11b are all the same, the first short side to the fourth short side The design is such that the relationship between the side length SS and the lengths LS of the first long side to the fourth long side is selected so as to satisfy the equation (3). When a combination of one first construction unit member 11a and two second construction unit members 11b that satisfy the formula (3) is selected, the length of the short side of the unit pattern is used as the unit pattern. Is LS, and the length of the long side of the unit pattern SS + LS + D can be selected.

In the case of tessellation in which a combination of one first construction unit member 11a and two second construction unit members 11b satisfying the formula (3) is used as a unit pattern, tessellation is performed. All the pitches of the arrangement of the first to fourth protruding ends are equal so that the first protruding end and the fourth protruding end are connected and the second protruding end and the third protruding end can be connected. It can be designed.

It should be noted that an L-shape in which the first short side of the plate-shaped block of one second construction unit member 11b faces the first long side of the plate-shaped block of one first construction unit member 11a. It is also possible to design with the type as the unit pattern. Since the L-shaped unit pattern is a concave polygon, the topology for tessellating the concave polygon is "45 ° net allowance (" yashoku paste "or" herringbone ")", "90 ° net allowance", and "two chops". There are multiple types such as "Amiyo", "Layered Amiyo", "Garden Amiyo", and "French Amiyo".

The topology of the tatami mats in the Japanese-style room is just one of the multiple topologies presented by the tessellation of the L-shaped unit pattern, such as "checkerboard", "half basket weave", "alternate pasting", etc. The topology of is also feasible. There is also a combination of a unit pattern that combines two rectangles into an L-shape and a unit pattern that arranges multiple rectangles on a straight line, as in the topology of a ceremonial floor between 6 tatami mats. There are many topologies. In the case of a Japanese-style room, the alcove is the upper seat, so it is rude to the other party that the tatami mat is in the center between the alcove. Therefore, the tatami mats are arranged in a straight line so that the longitudinal direction of the tatami mats in contact with the alcove is parallel to the alcove. Similarly, the entrance of the Japanese-style room and the length of the tatami mat are laid parallel to each other. This is so that the tatami mats will be in the direction of travel when entering from the entrance.

Even with a combination of an L-shaped unit pattern, which is a set of plate-shaped blocks, and a pattern in which a plurality of plate-shaped blocks are arranged on a straight line, a rectangle can be tessellated. A place to be connected, a place where the second protruding end and the third protruding end are connected, a place where the first protruding end and the third protruding end are connected, a second protruding end and a fourth protrusion. In some topologies, the points where the ends are connected are mixed in various ways. Therefore, a place where the first protruding end and the fourth protruding end are connected, a place where the second protruding end and the third protruding end are connected, and a first protruding end and a third protruding end. The "first connecting branch" and the "second connecting branch" of the present invention are defined at the place where the is connected and the place where the second protruding end and the fourth protruding end are connected, respectively. To.

In the case of an L-shaped unit pattern, a three-dimensional shape in which six vertical side surfaces that are bent along the outer shape of the defined L-shaped upper surface are continuously surrounded by two plate-shaped blocks that each constitute a plurality of unit patterns. Can be regarded as. Therefore, when tessellated, one vertical side surface of one construction unit member facing each other via a connecting gap located between one construction unit member and the other construction unit member. Is selected as the "first facing side surface". Similarly, one vertical side surface of the other construction unit member facing through the connecting gap is selected as the "second facing side surface". After all, the first connecting branch portion is a protruding end portion protruding from one facing side surface, and the second connecting branch portion is a protruding end portion protruding from the other facing side surface. Therefore, between the two vertical side surfaces (opposing side surfaces) facing each other through the connecting gap between the tessellated L-shaped unit patterns, the "first connecting branch portion" and the "second connecting branch", respectively. "Part" is defined. However, if we focus on the connection between individual plate-shaped blocks according to the actual concrete construction procedure, "first connecting branch" and "second connecting branch" are defined between each plate-shaped block. It is equivalent to what was done.

A T-shape in which the first short side of the plate-shaped block of one second construction unit member 11b faces the center of the first long side of the plate-shaped block of one first construction unit member 11a. Can also be used as a unit pattern. Since the T-shaped unit pattern is also a concave polygon, there are a plurality of topologies for tessellating a plurality of T-shaped unit patterns. Even in the tessellation of the T-shaped unit pattern, the place where the first protruding end and the fourth protruding end are connected, the place where the second protruding end and the third protruding end are connected, and the first The "first connecting branch portion" and the "first connecting branch portion" of the present invention are provided at a location where the protruding end portion and the third protruding end portion are connected, and a location where the second protruding end portion and the fourth protruding end portion are connected, respectively. A "second connecting branch" is defined.

In the case of a T-shaped unit pattern, a three-dimensional shape in which eight vertical side surfaces that bend along the outer shape of the upper surface of the T-shape defined by two plate-shaped blocks that form each of the plurality of unit patterns are continuously surrounded. Can be regarded as. Similar to the case of the L-shaped unit pattern, in the tessellation of the T-shaped unit pattern, they face each other through a connecting gap located between one construction unit member and the other construction unit member. One vertical side surface of one construction unit member is selected as the "first facing side surface". Similarly, one vertical side surface of the other construction unit member facing through the connecting gap is selected as the "second facing side surface". After all, even in the case of the T-shaped unit pattern, the first connecting branch portion is a protruding end portion protruding from one facing side surface, and the second connecting branch portion is a protruding end portion protruding from the other facing side surface. is there. Therefore, between the two vertical side surfaces (opposing side surfaces) facing each other through the connecting gap between the T-shaped unit patterns filled in a plane, the "first connecting branch portion" and the "second connecting branch", respectively. "Part" is defined. However, if we focus on the connection between the individual plate-shaped blocks according to the actual concrete construction procedure, there will be a "first connecting branch" and a "second connecting branch" between the individual plate blocks. Equivalent to what has been defined.

According to the concrete construction method according to the embodiment, the material of the soil concrete is only "main bar and force distribution bar" and "concrete" as in the prior art, so that other members such as bolts are required. Compared to that, it does not require much effort and cost.

Further, by using the construction unit member according to the embodiment of the present invention, the ground of the soil is leveled, the main reinforcement and the distribution reinforcement are laid in a grid pattern, etc., and the ready-mixed concrete is poured into the conventional construction of the soil concrete. Compared to the method, the construction period of soil concrete can be shortened significantly. For example, ^{when constructing 100 m 2} soil concrete, it takes about one month by the conventional construction method. On the other hand, in the concrete construction method according to the embodiment, the amount of ready-mixed concrete poured at the construction site is smaller than that of the conventional construction method, so it takes only about one week. The concrete construction method according to the embodiment has an advantage that the construction can proceed almost without being affected by the weather such as rainy weather.

Further, according to the concrete construction method according to the embodiment, the upper surface of the construction unit member manufactured in advance is in contact with a smooth base plate at the time of manufacture and is finished smoothly, so that water gradient processing or non-landing is performed. There is an advantage that the finishing process for removing the above-mentioned material is quick and easy. Further, since the concrete is filled without gaps, an accident such as a worker stumbling or falling on the member connecting body does not occur. When the member connecting body is used to make soil concrete, the wheels of an automobile such as a forklift will not be fitted. Further, in general, soil concrete may have fine cracks in about one year, but according to the concrete construction method according to the embodiment, cracks are unlikely to occur on the surface even three to four years after placing. ..

Further, according to the concrete construction method according to the embodiment, the work of so-called "cutting the edge", which is necessary when placing ordinary soil concrete, can be omitted, and the construction period of soil concrete can be significantly shortened. Normally, in order to prevent cracks on the surface of the soil concrete, it is necessary to make slits at regular intervals on the wide surface of the soil concrete and intentionally divide the surface by "cutting the edge". There are various ways to make slits, such as sandwiching a crosspiece, inserting joint material, and cutting with a concrete cutter. According to the concrete construction method according to the embodiment, since the concrete that fills the space between the construction unit members also serves as a joint, it is not necessary to provide a separate slit.

Further, according to the concrete construction method according to the embodiment, the concrete is filled in the grooves arranged in the U shape of the construction unit member manufactured in advance without any gap, so that the plate-shaped block without the groove is formed. Compared to the type of soil concrete in which concrete is filled in the gaps for connection by laying down concrete, durability such as load capacity is increased and cracks are less likely to occur.

Further, according to the concrete construction method according to the embodiment, in the case of a member connecting body having a large area such as soil concrete, the foundation layer composed of gravel or the like may be spread by about 5 cm at the highest, so that the foundation layer is created. It will take relatively little effort and cost.

(Other embodiments)
As mentioned above, the invention has been described in one embodiment, but the statements and drawings that form part of this disclosure should not be understood to limit the invention. This disclosure will reveal to those skilled in the art various alternative embodiments, examples and operational techniques.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the construction unit member and the member connecting body and the concrete construction method using the construction unit portion have been described, but the field of use of the member connecting body of the present invention is limited to soil concrete. is not it. In addition to soil concrete, the construction unit member according to the embodiment of the present invention can be used for a member connecting body having a flat concrete surface such as a wall material or a ceiling material. Further, it is possible to utilize the construction unit member according to the embodiment as a member for forming a flat concrete surface for civil engineering work such as a road, a bridge, and a gutter.

As partly illustrated in the above embodiment, the tessellation topology of the plate-shaped block according to the embodiment is "longitudinal stacking", "British stacking", "French stacking", "small stacking", etc. in brickwork. A variety of tessellational arrangements are possible. Therefore, it is possible to enjoy various designs of tessellation patterns by intentionally changing the color of the concrete on the upper surface of the plate-shaped block and the color of the concrete that fills the connecting gap. Such a design in which the color of concrete is intentionally changed can be effective when used for a wall material, a ceiling material, or the like. In particular, in the case of the above-mentioned basic pattern such as L-shape or T-shape, the design can be enhanced by changing the color or pattern of each of the two plate-shaped blocks constituting the basic pattern.

Further, for example, _{at least one of the plurality of main bars R 1 to} R ₆ and the plurality of force distribution _{bars C 1 to} C ₄ has a structure in which a bar material and a hollow pipe material are mixed, and the mixed pipe material is used. Wiring such as an electric heater (heating conductor) may be provided so as to penetrate, and a construction unit member may be used for road heating or snow melting in a parking lot or the like. Alternatively, a fluid having a snowmelt temperature or higher may flow through the pipe material contained in at least one of the plurality of main bars R _{1 to} R ₆ and the plurality of force distribution bars C _{1 to} C _4. As already described, the structure is such that all of the plurality of main bars R _{1 to} R ₆ and the plurality of force distribution bars C _{1 to} C ₄ are composed of a pipe material, and an electric heater or a fluid is penetrated inside the pipe material. Of course, a concrete panel for melting snow may be configured as a unit member for construction.

Alternatively, a heating means is further included between the upper surface 13 shown in FIG. 1 (b) and the horizontal level in which the grids of the _{main bars R 1 to} R ₆ and the force distribution _{bars C 1 to} C _{4 are arranged for snow melting.} It is also possible to construct a heating structure of the above and use it for road heating and snow melting in parking lots. The heating means for melting snow, through the upper surface 13 and the main reinforcement R ₁ to R ₆ between the distribution force muscle C ₁ -C ₄ gratings arrayed horizontally level, the parallel construction for the unit member and the upper surface 13 A pipe material to be used may be provided, and wiring such as an electric heater (heating conductor) may be passed through the pipe material.

Alternatively, a fluid having a snowmelt temperature or higher may flow through the pipe material that penetrates the construction unit member in parallel with the upper surface 13. Furthermore, between the upper surface 13 and the main reinforcement R ₁ to R ₆ and Wiring force muscle C ₁ -C ₄ horizontal level gratings are arranged in, may be embedded parallel plate-shaped heat panel or the like and the upper surface 13. The upper surface side of the construction unit member in which the heating means is embedded in parallel with the upper surface 13 may be made of concrete containing a material having high thermal conductivity.

As described at the beginning of the description of the embodiment, the convex polygons that can be tessellated include triangles, pentagons, and hexagons in addition to the rectangles described in the embodiments. For example, if the shape of the upper surface of the plate-shaped block is an equilateral triangle, and if the plurality of main bars or the plurality of force distribution bars are all linear, either the plurality of main bars or the plurality of force distribution bars is the plate-shaped block. It protrudes from the side surface at an angle of 30 ° or 60 °. If the shape of the plate-shaped block is such that it protrudes diagonally from the side surface of the plate-shaped block, a plurality of main bars protruding from the side surface of the plate-shaped block or so that light is refracted and emitted from the side wall surface of the prism. Any one of the plurality of force distribution bars may be bent at the protruding portion so as to be perpendicular to the side surface. Further, the length of the protruding end portion may be adjusted so that the lengths of the vertically protruding protruding ends are equal to each other.

In the case of an equilateral triangle, the first hypotenuse or the second hypotenuse and the base can be exemplified as opposite sides selected in one direction. In this example, the distance between the first hypotenuse or the second hypotenuse and the base of an equilateral triangle is defined as the "first feature length" of the plate-shaped block. In the case of an equilateral triangle, there will be a plurality of first feature lengths. The maximum value of the "first feature length" in the case of an equilateral triangle is the distance between the apex and the base of the equilateral triangle. Then, since the direction measured in the direction orthogonal to the "first feature length" is the opposite side that defines the "second feature length", the distance between the first hypotenuse and the second hypotenuse is the "second feature length". .. The maximum value of the "second feature length" of an equilateral triangle is the length of the base. How to select one direction that defines the "first feature length" may be determined by the direction in which the force distribution muscle is set. Similarly, in the case of a pentagon or a hexagon, the "first feature length" is defined as the distance between the opposite sides along the selected specific direction, and the "second feature length" is the direction orthogonal to the first feature length. It is defined as the distance between the opposite sides measured in. Even for triangular, pentagonal, and hexagonal plate blocks, the first feature length is shorter than the length of the force distribution bar, and the second feature length is shorter than the length of the main bar. Either the main bar or a plurality of force distribution muscles protrude.

The parallelogram is also a convex polygon that can be tessellated. Even in the case of a plate-shaped block having a parallelogram upper surface shape, either a plurality of main bars or a plurality of force distribution bars protrude from the side surface of the plate-shaped block at an oblique angle. In this case as well, either the plurality of main bars or the plurality of force distribution bars protruding from the side surface of the plate-shaped block are bent at the protruding points so as to be perpendicular to the side surface, and the lengths of the protruding ends are equal. It should be adjusted so as to be.

In the description of the embodiment, a case where a plurality of main bars arranged parallel to each other and a plurality of force distribution bars arranged parallel to each other form a lattice orthogonal to each other has been illustrated, but the lattice of the present invention has parallelograms. It is easy to understand from the purpose of the explanation of the above embodiment that the grid of shapes can also be included as the "equal range" explained by the Supreme Court decision (Heisei 6 (e) No. 1083) on February 24, 1998. You can do it. Whether it is an orthogonal grid system or a parallelogram grid system, if there are main bars or force distribution bars that project diagonally from the side surface of the plate-shaped block, make them perpendicular to the side surface. It may be bent to the same length and adjusted so that the lengths of the protruding ends are equal to each other.

Furthermore, it is also possible to combine the respective technical ideas described in the embodiments with each other. As described above, it goes without saying that the present invention includes various embodiments not described here. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention is defined only by the matters specifying the invention relating to the claims, which can be interpreted as appropriate from the above description.

11, 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, 11e, 11f, 11g, 11h, 11i, 11j ... Construction unit members, 13 ... top surface, 15 ... bottom surface, 17a ... first side surface, 17b ... second side surface, 19a ... 3 sides, 19b ... 4th side, 21 ... ready-mixed concrete, 21a ... 1st groove, 21b ... 2nd groove, 31 ... base layer (gravel), 33 ... ground, 41 ... pedestal, 43 ... base plate, 45a, 45b , 47a, 47b ... Side plates, 49a, 49b, 51a, 51b, 51c, 51d ... Square bars, 71a, 71b, 71c, 71d ... Welded parts, R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , R ₆ , Ra, Rb ... Main _{bar, C 1} , C ₂ , C ₃ , C ₄ ... Power distribution bar, Rp ₁ , Rp ₂ ... Connecting auxiliary member

Claims (12)

With multiple main bars arranged parallel to each other,
A plurality of force distribution bars arranged in parallel with each other, which are orthogonal to the main bar and form a grid together with the main bar.
The lattice is placed inside a solid whose upper surface is a rectangle having first and second short sides shorter than the length of the main bar and first and second long sides shorter than the length of the force distribution bar. and concrete plate block embedded in parallel to the plane of the grating is the upper surface,
With
Along the first and second long sides, both ends of the main bar projecting vertically from the first and second side surfaces perpendicular to the upper surface, respectively, and along the first and second short sides. Both ends of the force distribution muscles protruding vertically from the third and fourth side surfaces perpendicular to the upper surface are defined as protruding ends, and the lengths of the protruding ends are equal.
A first groove portion that cuts out a part of the lower end of the third side surface and the lower ends of the first and second side surfaces that are continuous with the third side surface is arranged in a U shape on one of the lower surfaces facing the upper surface. ,
A second groove portion that cuts out a part of the lower end of the fourth side surface and the lower ends of the first and second side surfaces that are continuous with the fourth side surface is arranged in a U shape on the other side of the lower surface. A characteristic unit member for construction. The unit member for construction according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second groove portions are not formed in the central portion of the lower end of the first side surface and the central portion of the lower end of the second side surface. The construction unit member according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the plurality of main bars are arranged at equal intervals, and the plurality of force distribution bars are arranged at equal intervals. The unit member for construction according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein at least one of the plurality of main bars and the plurality of force distribution bars is a mixture of a bar member and a pipe member. The construction unit member according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the plurality of main bars and the plurality of force distribution bars include reinforcing bars. The construction unit member according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , further comprising a heating means between the upper surface and the horizontal level on which the grids are arranged. The unit member for construction according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the force distribution bar is arranged closer to the upper surface than the main bar. A plurality of main bars arranged parallel to each other, a plurality of force distribution bars arranged parallel to each other and forming a lattice together with the main bars perpendicular to the main bars, and first and second short sides shorter than the length of the main bars. , Concrete in which the lattice is embedded so that the surface of the lattice is parallel to the upper surface inside a solid having a rectangle having first and second long sides shorter than the length of the force distribution bar as the shape of the upper surface. Both ends of the main bar, which have a plate-shaped block made of the above-made material and project vertically from the first and second side surfaces perpendicular to the upper surface along the first and second long sides, respectively. Both ends of the force distribution muscle projecting vertically from the third and fourth side surfaces perpendicular to the upper surface along the first and second short sides are defined as projecting ends. The first groove portion, which has the same length of each portion and cuts out a part of the lower end of the third side surface and the lower ends of the first and second side surfaces continuous with the third side surface, is a lower surface facing the upper surface. A second groove, which is arranged in a U shape on one side and cuts out a part of the lower end of the fourth side surface and the lower ends of the first and second side surfaces continuous with the fourth side surface, is U-shaped on the other side of the lower surface. A first unit member for construction, which is arranged in a rectangular shape and has any of the first to fourth side surfaces as a first facing side surface.
Includes a second construction unit member having the same shape as the first construction unit member and including a second facing side surface facing the first facing side surface via a connecting gap. It is a member connecting body
The protruding end portion that protrudes in the vertical direction from the first facing side surface is used as the first connecting branch portion.
The protruding end portion that protrudes in the vertical direction from the second facing side surface is used as the second connecting branch portion.
The member connecting body includes a connecting auxiliary member that connects and fixes the first connecting branch and the second connecting branch to each other.
A member connecting body further comprising concrete for filling the connecting gap so as to have the same thickness as the first construction unit member. A plurality of main bars arranged in parallel with each other, a plurality of force distribution bars arranged in parallel with each other and forming a lattice together with the main bars perpendicular to the main bars, and first and second shorts shorter than the length of the main bars. The lattice is embedded in a solid having a side and a rectangle having first and second long sides shorter than the length of the force distribution bar as the shape of the upper surface so that the surface of the lattice is parallel to the upper surface. and a concrete plate block, both ends of the first and the main reinforcement projecting perpendicularly from the first and second side surfaces continuous to the vertical direction on the top surface along a second long side The protruding ends are defined as the portions and both ends of the force distribution muscles that project vertically from the third and fourth side surfaces that are perpendicular to the upper surface along the first and second short sides, respectively. The first groove portion, which has the same length of each of the protruding end portions and cuts out a part of the lower end of the third side surface and the lower ends of the first and second side surfaces continuous with the third side surface, faces the upper surface. A second groove portion that is arranged in a U shape on one of the lower surfaces and cuts out a part of the lower end of the fourth side surface and the lower ends of the first and second side surfaces continuous with the fourth side surface is formed on the lower surface. On the other hand, it is a concrete construction method using a plurality of construction unit members characterized by being arranged in a U shape.
A plurality of the construction for the unit member, in the orientation that is the same direction in the normal direction of the upper surface of each of the plurality of the work for the unit member includes all of the upper surface of each of the plurality of the work for the unit member is flush level It is arranged adjacent to each other through the connecting gap so as to be one of the first to fourth side surfaces of one of the construction unit members and protrudes from the first facing side surface in contact with the connecting gap. The protruding end portion is used as the first connecting branch portion, and is any one of the first to fourth side surfaces of the other construction unit member facing through the connecting gap and is in contact with the connecting gap. A step of using the protruding end portion protruding from the second facing side surface as a second connecting branch portion,
A step of connecting the first connecting branch and the second connecting branch to each other and integrating the one and the other construction unit member.
The inside of the first groove portion and the second groove portion of each of the plurality of construction unit members and the connection gap are filled with ready-mixed concrete, and the integrated one and the other construction unit members are respectively. The step of making the upper surface a continuous flat surface and
The process of curing and hardening the ready-mixed concrete to make a flat concrete surface,
A concrete construction method characterized by including. Further including the step of leveling the land where the concrete is to be installed and forming the base layer of the concrete.
In the step of arranging the plurality of construction unit members adjacent to each other via the connection gap, the plurality of construction unit members are placed on the base layer so as to be separated from each other with the upper surface of each facing upward. The concrete construction method according to claim 9 , wherein the procedure for adjusting the surface level of each of the plurality of construction unit members is included. A formwork having a rectangular shape of an inner wall when viewed from above , surrounded by a plurality of side plates each having a plurality of holes on the base plate and having a plurality of side plates having a main surface in a direction perpendicular to the base plate. And the process of fixing
A plurality of main bars are arranged parallel to each other and parallel to the short side of the rectangle and the base plate, and both ends of the plurality of main bars are exposed from a part of the plurality of holes with the same exposure length . A plurality of force distribution bars are arranged parallel to each other and parallel to the long side of the rectangle and the base plate so as to form a grid pattern by intersecting the plurality of main bars. A step of exposing both ends of each of the force distribution muscles from the other part of the plurality of holes to the same length as the exposure length.
A step of fixing each intersecting portion of the plurality of main bars and the plurality of force distribution bars, and
On the inner upper part of the formwork and on both short sides of the rectangle, the first and second recess-forming members having a U-shape when viewed from above face each other with the U-shaped open portion. And the process of fixing each
A step of pouring ready-mixed concrete into a space surrounded by the base plate , the formwork , and the first and second recess forming members.
The process of curing and hardening the ready-mixed concrete,
A step of separating the first and second recess forming members from the hardened concrete and the formwork.
Separating said mold from said hardened concrete,
And a step of obtaining a construction for the unit member by separating the hardened concrete from the base plate, the surface in contact with the underlying plate, for construction unit member, characterized in that the upper surface which is exposed in the use Manufacturing method. The method for manufacturing a unit member for construction according to claim 11 , wherein at the stage of forming the grid pattern, the main bars are arranged on an array of the force distribution bars and intersect with each other.

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