JP6847009B2 - Agricultural machinery for sweet potatoes and sweet potato cultivation processing methods - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an agricultural machine for sweet potatoes and a method for cultivating sweet potatoes.
In particular, the present invention relates to an agricultural machine for sweet potatoes in which an effect similar to that of sweet potato vines can be obtained extremely quickly and accurately, and a method for cultivating sweet potatoes using the same.

Conventionally, various cultivation methods have been proposed for the purpose of increasing the yield of sweet potatoes (see, for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3).
That is, according to Patent Document 1, there is a method for cultivating potatoes (sweet potatoes) in which the content of harvested carotenoids can be increased by planting and cultivating potatoes in ridges having a height of 30 to 60 cm. Proposed.

Further, according to Patent Document 2, as shown in FIGS. 7A to 7B, an inexperienced person is provided with a hole portion processed so that a hole for planting sweet potato seedlings can be easily made and a stable plate. Even if there is, it is possible to pierce a hole for planting sweet potato seedlings at a predetermined angle and depth at all times, and the required amount of irrigation is applied to the soil around the puncture hole from a plurality of water discharge holes provided on the side surface of the puncture hole. However, a method for planting sweet potato seedlings, which is configured to plant sweet potato seedlings in the holes, has been proposed.

Further, according to Patent Document 3, the planting step of planting sweet potato seed potatoes in the cultivated soil is included, and the sweet potato seed potatoes are filled with seedling cultivation soil or soil as a material for physically suppressing the enlargement. It is housed in a cultivated container, which has an opening that allows the buds to sprout from the sweet potato seed potatoes to the outside, and further, before the planting process, the sweet potato seed potatoes. A method for cultivating sweet potatoes, which further includes a sprouting step of sprouting in a cultivation container, has been proposed.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-217314 (Claims) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-67602 (Claims) JP 2011-217611 (Claims)

However, although Patent Documents 1 to 3 are inventions relating to a method for cultivating potatoes including sweet potatoes, they are considered as a cultivation process for preventing the harvested sweet potatoes from becoming small and increasing the yield, up to the vine return. There was a problem that it was not done.
That is, as outlined in FIG. 8, a small root (sometimes called an adventitious root; the same applies hereinafter) that grows in the ground of the cultivated area is cut out by human power, and a vine is floated and the sweet potato is used. It was necessary to perform so-called vine-turning by placing it on the ridges where the vines were planted.
Therefore, in order to prevent the sweet potato vines from extending from the ridges and growing roots by turning the sweet potatoes back in this way, it is necessary to rely on human power as before, and under hot environmental conditions. There was a problem that it was a manual work (July to August) and the work time was excessive (about 2 days / 1 are).

Therefore, a horizontal holder that moves in synchronization with the moving operation of the sweet potato agricultural machine is attached to the sweet potato agricultural machine, and the horizontal holder is projected at a predetermined position between adjacent ridges. We found that by providing a cutting jig for cutting at least the ridges and ridges of sweet potatoes along the vertical direction, etc., the same effect as that of sweet potato ridges can be obtained extremely quickly and accurately. This is a complete version of the present invention.
That is, according to the present invention, an agricultural machine for sweet potatoes (sometimes referred to as a sweet potato agricultural machine with a sweet potato turning device) capable of obtaining the same effect as the sweet potato turning back, and such a sweet potato agricultural machine are used. It is an object of the present invention to provide an effective method for cultivating sweet potatoes.

According to the present invention, the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes moves across the ridges for cultivating sweet potatoes or between adjacent ridges, and the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes is moved with respect to the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes. A cutting tool for cutting at least the vines and ridges (adventitious roots) of sweet potatoes, which are equipped with a horizontally moving tool that moves in synchronization and overhang between adjacent ridges at a predetermined location of the horizontal holder. However, an agricultural machine for hilling, which is characterized in that it is provided along the vertical direction (including the case where it is inclined in the vertical direction) is provided, and the above-mentioned problems can be solved.

That is, according to the sweet potato agricultural machine of the present invention, at least the vines of sweet potato and at least the vines of sweet potato and the cutting jig provided downward along the vertical direction or substantially the vertical direction by utilizing the power and operability thereof. It has become possible to perform a treatment method for cutting radishes (adventitious roots) and obtaining an effect similar to that of sweet potato vines in an extremely short time (for example, less than 30 minutes / 1 are) and accurately.
Therefore, according to the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes of the present invention, depending on the growth of sweet potato vines and roots, the vines can be easily and repeatedly carried out within a predetermined period even if the number of times is multiple. It was.
In addition, by cutting the sweet potato vines and roots, the obstructions such as the sweet potato vines and roots that jut out to the left and right are eliminated. The collection of multi-sheets (weed-proof sheets, etc.) and the removal of the vines themselves after collecting sweet potatoes have also become extremely easy and quick.

In constructing the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes of the present invention, the cutting jig has an inclination angle (θ1) of 10 to 70 ° with respect to the vertical direction from the ground (horizontal direction) along the operating direction. Is preferable.
Since the cutting jig provided along the vertical direction is inclined at a predetermined angle (θ1) with respect to the operating direction and the like, at least the vines and radicles of the sweet potato can be used with relatively little power. Can be reliably cut.

In constructing the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes of the present invention, it is preferable that a position adjusting member for fixing or changing the horizontal position of the cutting jig with respect to the horizontal holder is provided.
By providing the position adjusting member (sometimes referred to as the first position adjusting member) for fixing and changing the horizontal position of the cutting jig in this way, the width of the ridge and the elongation of the sweet potato vine are extended. , It is possible to finely respond to differences in the types of sweet potatoes, and at the same time, cut vines and jigs of sweet potatoes in a plurality of places.
Further, even if a plurality of cutting jigs are provided directly or indirectly with respect to the horizontal holding tool, the width and height of the ridges, the relative positions of the ridges, and the like of the plurality of cutting jigs are taken into consideration. The positional relationship (interval) can be optimized.

In constructing the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes of the present invention, a position adjusting member (sometimes referred to as a second position adjusting member) for moving the position of the tip of the cutting jig up and down may be provided. preferable.
By providing a position adjusting member for moving the tip of the cutting tool up and down in this way, it is possible to finely respond to differences in ridge height, sweet potato vine growth, sweet potato type, etc. It is possible to cut sweet potato vines and roots.

In constructing the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes of the present invention, when the above-mentioned cutting jig is used as the first cutting jig, a second cutting jig that manually moves up and down is attached to a part of the first cutting jig. It is preferable that it is provided.
In this way, even if there are vines, radish, etc. that cannot be cut by the first cutting jig because the second cutting jig that moves up and down manually is provided in a part of the cutting jig. Using the second cutting jig, even vines, radish, etc. that cannot be cut can be reliably cut. In particular, when the sweet potato agricultural machine is a passenger type, if there are vines or radish that cannot be cut by the first cutting jig and they are entangled, get off from the passenger seat of the sweet potato agricultural machine and use a bite or the like. , It was necessary to cut separately, but if there is a second cutting jig that moves up and down manually, such an operation can be omitted.

In constructing the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes of the present invention, a cutting jig is attached to the horizontal holder via a long member, and the cutting jig is removable from the horizontal holder or the long member. It is preferable that it is attached to.
In this way, the cutting jig is attached to the horizontal holder via the long member, and the cutting jig is detachably attached to the horizontal holder or the long member, whereby the cutting jig is attached. Even if it has deteriorated, it can be easily replaced.

In constructing the sweet potato agricultural machine of the present invention, it is preferable that the sweet potato agricultural machine is a passenger agricultural machine.
Since the sweet potato agricultural machine is a passenger agricultural machine, the work load can be reduced and the work time can be surely reduced even when the work is performed under hot environmental conditions. Since there are many riding types of rice transplanters, cultivators, and other agricultural machines, they can be used together as sweet potato agricultural machines by making predetermined improvements.

Another aspect of the present invention is a method for cultivating sweet potatoes, which comprises using an agricultural machine for sweet potatoes that moves across the ridges for cultivating sweet potatoes or between adjacent ridges, and is used as an agricultural machine for sweet potatoes. On the other hand, a horizontal holder that moves in synchronization with the movement of the sweet potato agricultural machine is attached, and at least the vines and radishes of the sweet potato that overhang between the adjacent ridges at a predetermined position of the horizontal holder. A cutting tool for cutting sweet potatoes is provided along the vertical direction, and an agricultural machine for sweet potatoes is operated to cut at least vines and radishes of sweet potatoes, which is a method for cultivating sweet potatoes.

That is, according to the sweet potato cultivation treatment method of the present invention, a cultivation treatment method in which the same effect as the sweet potato vine return can be obtained by using the power of an agricultural machine for sweet potatoes for an extremely short time (for example, 30 minutes). Less than 1 are), and now it can be done accurately.
Further, according to the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes of the present invention, the vines can be returned a plurality of times within a predetermined period depending on the growth of sweet potato vines and roots.
In addition, by cutting the sweet potato vines and roots, the obstructions such as the sweet potato vines and roots that jut out to the left and right are eliminated. The collection of multi-sheets (weed-proof sheets, etc.) and vines has also become extremely easy.

FIG. 1 is a diagram (side photograph, magnification: about 25) provided for explaining an agricultural machine for sweet potatoes, which is an improved version of a commercially available rice transplanter. FIG. 2 is a diagram (rear photograph, magnification: about 45) provided for explaining a horizontal holder to which a cutting jig for a sweet potato agricultural machine is attached, which is an improvement of a commercially available rice transplanter. FIG. 3 is a diagram provided for explaining a cutting jig for a sweet potato agricultural machine and a horizontal holder to which the cutting jig is attached. FIG. 4 is a diagram provided for explaining a cutting jig and a long member of an agricultural machine for sweet potatoes. FIG. 5 is a diagram provided for explaining a method of vertically adjusting the position of a cutting jig for a sweet potato agricultural machine. 6 (a) to 6 (b) are views provided for explaining a second cutting jig of an agricultural machine for sweet potatoes. 7 (a) to 7 (b) are views provided for explaining an example of a conventional sweet potato cultivation device. FIG. 8 is a schematic view provided for explaining the vine return of sweet potatoes.

[First Embodiment]
The first embodiment is an agricultural machine for sweet potatoes that moves across the ridges for cultivating sweet potatoes or between adjacent ridges, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and is an agricultural machine for sweet potatoes. A horizontal holder that moves in synchronization with the movement of the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes is attached to the agricultural machine for use, and the sweet potatoes that overhang between adjacent ridges at a predetermined position of the horizontal holder. Agricultural machinery for sweet potatoes, characterized in that cutting tools for cutting at least ridges and ridges are provided along the vertical direction. Hereinafter, the sweet potato agricultural machine of the first embodiment will be specifically described by dividing it into constituent requirements and the like.

1. 1. Basic Form of Agricultural Machinery for Sweet Potato As an agricultural machine for sweet potato, as shown in the side photograph of FIG. 1 and the rear photograph (rear photograph) of FIG. 2, basically, if it is a passenger type, a cutting jig is attached. It is composed of a work unit including a horizontal holder, a power unit including an engine, a drive unit including wheels, a passenger unit on which an operator rides, and the like.
Therefore, the worker operates the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes while riding on the riding part, and the cutting tool moves almost linearly across the ridges for cultivating sweet potatoes or between adjacent ridges. In this way, at least the vines and roots of sweet potatoes overhanging between adjacent ridges can be cut.
That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example, a commercially available rice transplanter can be improved, the seedling planting device at the rear can be replaced, and a horizontal holder and a cutting jig can be attached to make an agricultural machine for sweet potatoes. it can.

Although not shown, even if it is a commercially available non-passenger type bean truck instead of a commercially available rice transplanter, it is for sweet potatoes that are small and easy to operate by simply attaching a horizontal holder and a cutting jig in a predetermined place. It can be an agricultural machine.
Therefore, the worker simply controls the moving direction of the sweet potato agricultural machine, which is a modified sweet potato truck, with the handle, and uses the power of the sweet potato agricultural machine to overhang between the adjacent ridges, etc. At least vines and radishes can be finely cut.

In addition, there are no particular restrictions on the types of sweet potatoes that can be cultivated on agricultural machinery for sweet potatoes. For example, silk sweet, quick sweet, Anno potato, Anno maple, lantern honey potato, Beni Haruka, Beni Azuma, Beni Tenshi, Beni Masari, At least one of known sweet potatoes such as Naruto Kintoki and Aikomachi can be mentioned.

2. Horizontal holder (1) Basic form The horizontal holder is a holder for cutting jigs for cutting vines and roots of sweet potatoes and exerting the effect of turning the vines, and is cultivated including ridges for cultivating sweet potatoes. A frame member for holding one or more cutting jigs in the horizontal direction with respect to the ground.
That is, as shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable that the horizontal holder 20 is formed in a substantially square shape when viewed from the front by the horizontal bar pipes 20a and 20b, the iron frames 20c and 20d and the like.

Then, the cutting jig 10 is attached to the horizontal bar pipes 20a and 20b of the horizontal holder 20 via, for example, two parallel long members 12, respectively, by a joining means 10a such as a bolt / nut. A horizontal holder 20 provided with a cutting jig 10 capable of cutting sweet potato vines, radicles, and the like can be used.

Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the horizontal holder 20 provided with the cutting jig 10 is moved by the sweet potato agricultural machine 1 provided in the rear portion, straddling the ridges for cultivating sweet potatoes. Alternatively, when the cutting jig 10 is moved substantially linearly between adjacent ridges, the cutting jig 10, particularly the tip (blade edge) thereof, with respect to the vines and roots of sweet potatoes crawling on the ground. , Can move almost horizontally and cut them.

(2) Deformation example Although not shown, the horizontal holder considers the case where the ridges for cultivating sweet potatoes are provided on slopes, etc., or the case where only a part of a plurality of cutting jigs is used. Therefore, it is preferable that the horizontal holder has a structure that can be tilted at a predetermined angle in the left-right direction when viewed from the front.
For example, it is preferable that the horizontal holder has a rotation axis and the horizontal holder is inclined in the left-right direction around the axis of rotation.

That is, even when the cutting jig moves almost linearly across the ridges where sweet potatoes are cultivated or between adjacent ridges by operating the agricultural machinery for sweet potatoes on a slope or the like, the horizontal holder The plurality of cutting jigs attached to the above can also be inclined so as to be equidistant with respect to the surface of the inclined ground or the like.
Therefore, if the horizontal holder is tilted at a predetermined angle in the left-right direction in this way, the tip (blade edge) of the cutting tool always cuts the vines and roots of sweet potatoes in the horizontal direction. Can be moved to.

3. 3. Cutting jig (1) Vertical direction The cutting jig in the sweet potato agricultural machine is preferably provided at least in the vertical direction.
That is, it is preferable that the cutting jig is provided in the vertical direction so as to be perpendicular to the sweet potato cultivation area via the horizontal holder.
The reason for this is that the cutting jig is installed vertically toward the ground of the cultivation area, so that the power of the sweet potato agricultural machine is used to overhang between the adjacent ridges. This is because at least the vines and radicles can be cut from above.

(2) Inclined angle However, as shown in FIG. 4, the cutting jig 10 in the agricultural machine 1 for sweet potatoes moves vertically from the horizontal ground 13 which is the cultivated area along the operating direction indicated by the arrow A. On the other hand, it is preferable that the cutting jig 10 is tilted by 10 to 70 °, that is, the tilt angle (θ1) of the cutting jig 10 is set to a value within the range of 10 to 70 °.
The reason for this is, for example, as compared with the case of the cutting jig provided in the vertical direction (90 °) because the cutting jig 10 is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the operating direction or the like. This is because at least sweet potato vines and jigs can be cut with a relatively small amount of power of 1/5 to 1/2.
Therefore, if the cutting tool 10 is inclined at a predetermined angle (θ1) from the ground (horizontal direction) 13 to the vertical direction along the operating direction in this way, the sweet potato vines, radicles, etc. It is also possible to further increase the cutting speed.

More specifically, if the inclination angle (θ1) of the cutting jig 10 is less than 10 °, the power reduction effect and the cutting certainty may not be improved so much.
On the other hand, if the inclination angle (θ1) of the cutting jig 10 exceeds 70 °, on the contrary, the cutting power may increase or the cutting certainty may decrease.
Therefore, the inclination angle (θ1) of the cutting jig 10 is more preferably set to a value in the range of 30 to 65 °, and further preferably set to a value in the range of 45 to 60 °.

Further, the cutting jig 10 may be basically arranged below the horizontal holder 20 and at the tip of the long member 12 fixed to the horizontal holder 20.
However, as shown in FIG. 3, if two long members 12 are fixed and arranged below the horizontal holder 20, and the cutting jig 10 is arranged on both side surfaces or one side surface of each tip portion. Good.
Therefore, if the cutting jig 10 is arranged so as to sandwich the long member 12 on both side surfaces of the tip portion of the long member 12, at least the vines and roots of sweet potato can be cut in a wider range.
On the other hand, if the cutting jig 10 is arranged on one side surface of the tip of the long member 12, the sweet potato vines and roots at a predetermined position can be selectively cut.

(3) Horizontal position adjusting member (first position adjusting member)
As shown in FIG. 3, the position adjusting member (first position adjusting member) 14 for fixing and changing the position of the cutting jig 10 in the horizontal direction of the horizontal holding tool 20 with respect to the horizontal holding tool 20 is It is preferably provided directly or indirectly.
The reason for this is that the position adjusting member 14 for fixing and changing the horizontal position of the cutting jig 10 is provided with respect to the horizontal holder 20 in this way, so that the width of the ridges and the elongation of the sweet potato vines are extended. This is because it is possible to finely respond to differences in the types of sweet potatoes, and at the same time, cut vines and roots of sweet potatoes in a plurality of places.
Further, even if a plurality of cutting jigs 10 are provided directly or indirectly with respect to the horizontal holder 20, these plurality of cutting tools 10 are cut in consideration of the width and height of the ridges, the relative positions of the ridges, and the like. This is because the positional relationship (interval) of the jigs can be optimized.

The mode of the position adjusting member (first position adjusting member) 14 for fixing and changing the horizontal position of the cutting jig 10 is not particularly limited, but as shown in FIG. 3, for example, First, it is preferable to provide a cylindrical member (first cylindrical member) 14'so through which the horizontal bar pipe 20b penetrates the lower horizontal bar pipe 20b that constitutes a part of the horizontal holder 20.
If so, it can be easily and arbitrarily determined in consideration of the width of the ridges and the like while shifting the position of the first cylindrical member 14'with respect to the horizontal bar pipe 20b.

Then, by fixing the long member 12 to which the cutting jig 10 is attached to the back surface of the first cylindrical member 14'by welding, adhesion, etc., the long member 12 is used as the first position adjusting member 14. Can be done.
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 3, a cylindrical member (second cylindrical member) through which the horizontal bar pipe 20a penetrates with respect to another upper horizontal bar pipe 20a forming a part of the horizontal holder 20. By providing 16'and fixing the long member 12 to which the cutting jig 10 is attached by welding, adhesion, or the like, it is possible to perform strong and accurate positioning at a plurality of places.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the number of cutting jigs 10 whose positions are fixed or changed by the position adjusting members 14, 16, that is, the first cylindrical member 14'and the second cylindrical member 16', is the number. , Usually two.
However, the number may be three or more including the preliminary cutting jig, or one cutting jig may be used in consideration of the size and shape of the ridges for cultivating sweet potatoes.

(4) Position adjustment member at the tip (second position adjustment member)
As shown in FIG. 5, a position adjusting member (second position adjusting member) 30 that is moved up and down in the direction of the arrow is provided in order to fix or change the vertical position of the cutting jig 10 of the sweet potato agricultural machine 1. Is preferable.
That is, by providing the position adjusting member 30 for adjusting the position of the cutting jig 10, that is, the distance from the sweet potato vine or the like, the vertical position of the horizontal holder 20 and the vertical position of the cutting jig 10 are provided. Further, the vertical position (height to the cultivation surface and depth position from the cultivation surface) of the tip portion 12a of the long member 12 can be arbitrarily and optimally determined.

Therefore, while smoothly advancing the sweet potato agricultural machine 1, the height of the ridges, the growth of the sweet potato vines, the type of sweet potatoes, etc. are finely dealt with, and finally, at least the sweet potato vines are used by the cutting jig 10. And ridges, etc. can be cut reliably and accurately.

The mechanism of the position adjusting member (second position adjusting member) 30 for fixing and changing the vertical position of the cutting jig 10 is not particularly limited, but for example, a screw type adjusting member and a cylinder type adjusting. It is convenient and reliable to provide vertical movement equipment such as a member, a hydraulic adjustment member, a spring type adjustment member, and a motor type adjustment member, and use the vertical movement equipment as the second position adjustment member 30.

Therefore, in the case of the position adjusting member (second position adjusting member) 30 shown in FIG. 5, a cylinder 30b provided on the periphery and having a groove on the inner surface and a screw type drive provided inside the cylinder 30b. It is composed of a part 30a and a part 30a.

In addition, the position adjusting member (second position adjusting member) 30 may be provided according to the number of cutting jigs 10.
However, in order to have a simple structure, as shown in FIG. 5, the cutting jig 10 directly moves the attached horizontal holder 20 up and down via the long member 12, and indirectly, the cutting jig 10 is used. It may be a mechanism for fixing or changing the vertical position of.

(5) Types of cutting jigs The 10 types of cutting jigs (first cutting jigs) of the sweet potato agricultural machine 1 are particularly limited as long as they can easily cut at least sweet potato vines and roots. It's not a thing.
Therefore, for example, at least one type of cutter, knife, bite, scissors, kitchen knife, saw, etc. may be used, but from the viewpoint of low cost and good durability, although not shown, the corners of the iron angle are cut. Then, it is preferable to polish the cut portion with a grinder and use it as a cutting jig.
Moreover, if the cutting jig (first cutting jig) 10 derived from such an iron angle is used, it is even easier to attach a cutting jig (second cutting jig) that moves up and down manually, as will be described later. It becomes.

(6) Second cutting jig When the cutting jig directly attached to the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes is the first cutting jig 10, the second cutting jig as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (b). It is preferable that a second cutting jig 15 that moves up and down manually is provided in a part of the cutting jig 10 of 1.
The reason for this is that, as described above, a part of the first cutting jig or a second cutting jig 15 that moves up and down manually independently is provided, so that the first cutting jig 10 can be used for cutting. This is because even if there are vines, radish, etc. that cannot be cut, they can be reliably cut by using the second cutting jig 15.

In particular, when the sweet potato agricultural machine is a riding type, if there are vines, roots, etc. that cannot be cut by the first cutting jig 10, it is necessary to get off the seat at the predetermined place and cut them separately with a bite or the like. It was complicated.
Therefore, if there is a second cutting jig 15 that can be slid along the rail-shaped space 15a by manually holding the knob of the second cutting jig 15 as shown in FIGS. 6A to 6B. , The vines, radishes, etc. entwined in the first cutting jig 10 can be cut and removed, and the complicated operation of getting off the seat at a predetermined place and cutting humanly can be omitted. ..

(7) Detachability As shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable that the cutting jig 10 is detachably attached to the horizontal holder 20 or the long member 12 described later.
The reason for this is that even if the cutting jig is deteriorated, if the cutting jig is removable, it can be replaced with a new one easily and in a short time.

Therefore, the detachable attachment method of the cutting jig 10 is not particularly limited, but for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a joining means 10a such as a bolt / nut may be used, or a fitting structure may be used. , It is preferable to use at least one detachable member such as a hook-and-loop fastener and a detachable cover.

(8) Long member As shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable that the cutting jig 10 is attached to the horizontal holder 20 via the long member 12.
The reason for this is that the cutting jig 10 is attached to the horizontal holder 20 via the long member 12 in this way, so that the cutting jig 10 is deteriorated or damaged. Even if there is, it can be easily replaced via the long member 12.

When the long member 12 is used in this way, for example, a metal rod, a metal pipe, a metal angle, a resin rod, a resin pipe, a resin angle, a ceramic rod, a ceramic pipe, a ceramic angle, a wooden rod, and a wooden pipe. It is preferable that it is at least one of.
The length of the long member 12 is usually preferably in the range of 30 cm to 2 m, and more preferably in the range of 50 cm to 1.5 m, assuming that the length member 12 is substantially linear. It is preferable that the value is in the range of 80 cm to 1.2 m.

Further, regarding the form of the long member 12, a cylinder or prism having no space inside, or a cylinder or prism having space inside is preferable, but the diameter equivalent to a circle is within the range of 2 cm to 10 cm. It is preferably in the range of 2.5 cm to 8 cm, more preferably in the range of 3 cm to 6 cm, and even more preferably in the range of 3 cm to 6 cm.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, it is preferable to provide a bent portion 12d in the middle of the long member 12.
That is, by having the bent portion 12d in this way, strong elasticity can be obtained, and even if an excessive load is applied while cutting the vines of sweet potatoes, it absorbs and breaks. The effect of being difficult can be exhibited.
Further, due to the presence of the bent portion 12d, the tip portion 12a of the long member 12 can easily enter the soil which is the cultivation surface of sweet potato with a relatively small force, and the predetermined surface of the sweet potato cultivation surface is predetermined. The depth position can be smoothly advanced.

Therefore, when the total length of the elongated member 12 is 100, the length of the portion 12b below the bent portion 12d is 55 to 75, and the length of the portion 12c above the bent portion 12d is 25 to 45. It is more preferable that the length of the portion 12b below the bent portion 12d is 60 to 70, and the length of the portion 12c above the bent portion 12d is 30 to 40.

Furthermore, the bending angle of the bent portion 12d provided in the middle of the long member 12, that is, the angle (θ2) formed by the portion 12b below the bent portion 12d and the portion 12c above the bent portion 12d is within the range of 100 to 170 °. The value is preferably in the range of 120 to 165 °, more preferably in the range of 130 to 160 °.
The reason for this is that if the bent portion 12d has such an angle (θ2), strong elasticity can be obtained, and even if an excessive load is applied while cutting the vines of sweet potatoes or the like, it can be applied. This is because it is easy to absorb and it is easy to maintain and form such an angle (θ2) during manufacturing or the like.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the tip portion 12a of the long member 12 has a sharp triangular cross-sectional shape with an angle of 10 to 60 °, and has a shape that easily invades the surface of the cultivated area existing in the horizontal direction. It is preferable that there is.
The reason for this is that when the sweet potato agricultural machine is operated, first, the tip portion 12a of the long member 12 easily invades from the surface of the cultivated area to about 1 to 15 cm, and then the cutting located above it. This is because the jig 10 can cut at least the sweet potato vines and roots that overhang between the adjacent ridges.

[Second Embodiment]
The second embodiment is a method for cultivating sweet potatoes, which comprises using an agricultural machine for sweet potatoes that moves across the ridges for cultivating sweet potatoes or between adjacent ridges, and is for a sweet potato agricultural machine. A horizontal holder that moves in synchronization with the movement of the sweet potato agricultural machine is attached, and at least the vines and radishes of the sweet potato that overhang between the adjacent ridges are placed in place on the horizontal holder. A cutting tool for cutting is provided along the vertical direction, and an agricultural machine for sweet potatoes is operated to cut at least vines and radishes of sweet potatoes, which is a method for cultivating sweet potatoes.
Therefore, when carrying out the sweet potato cultivation treatment method of the second embodiment, it is preferable to sequentially perform the following steps (1) to (3) or the following steps (1) to (3) + (3').

1. 1. Step (1) In step (1), as an example, a row of ridges having a length of 50 m, a width of 40 cm, a height of 30 cm, and an interval of 1 m between adjacent ridges is formed in a planned sweet potato cultivation site, and sweet potato seedlings are placed there. This is the process of planting and using it as a sweet potato cultivation area.
Although it depends on the type of sweet potato to be cultivated, for example, in the Kanto area, it is often carried out from April to May every year.

2. Process (2)
Step (2) is a preparation step of the sweet potato agricultural machine, and prepares a passenger sweet potato agricultural machine as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
That is, it is an agricultural machine for sweet potatoes that moves across the ridges for cultivating sweet potatoes or between adjacent ridges, and moves with respect to the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes in synchronization with the moving operation of the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes. There is a cutting tool (for example, two) for cutting at least the vines and ridges of the sweet potato, which is attached to the horizontal holder and overhangs between the adjacent ridges at the predetermined position of the horizontal holder. , Agricultural machinery for hilling having an inclination angle (θ1) of 55 ° from the ground (horizontal direction) to the vertical direction was prepared.
The mode of the sweet potato agricultural machine is as described in the first embodiment.

3. 3. Step (3) Step (3) is a work of operating the prepared agricultural machine for sweet potatoes to exert the same effect as vine turning.
That is, it is characterized in that an agricultural machine for sweet potatoes is moved across the ridges for cultivating sweet potatoes, and at least the vines and roots of sweet potatoes overhanging between the adjacent ridges are cut by a predetermined cutting tool. ..
At that time, it is preferable that the operating speed of the sweet potato agricultural machine is usually in the range of 1 m / min to 20 m / min.

4. Step (3') The step (3') is a step of performing a plurality of operation steps (vine return) of the sweet potato agricultural machine within a predetermined period.
That is, after the step (3) is carried out, for example, one to ten days later, the second step (3) is carried out, and the prepared agricultural machine for sweet potatoes is moved across the ridges for cultivating sweet potatoes. It is preferable to cut at least the sweet potato vines and roots that overhang between the adjacent ridges.
The reason for this is that sweet potato vines and roots may occur in a short period of time, but by repeating step (3) as step (3'), sweet potato vines and roots can be made more complete. This is because it can be cut into pieces to enhance the effect of turning the vines.
Since the step (3') is the work equivalent to the second and subsequent vines, the operating speed of the sweet potato agricultural machine is made faster than the first operating speed, and is usually 5 m / min to 30 m / min. It is preferable that the value is within the range.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples. However, it goes without saying that the scope of the present invention is not limited by the description of the examples without any particular reason.

[Example 1]
1. 1. Preparation of Agricultural Machinery for Sweet Potato As step (1), in the planned cultivation site (total: 3 ares) of sweet potato (variety: silk sweet), as an example, length 50 m, width 40 cm, height 30 cm, spacing between adjacent ridges 1 m A row of ridges was made, and sweet potato seedlings were planted there to make a sweet potato cultivation area.

Next, as step (2), a riding agricultural machine for sweet potatoes as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 was prepared.
That is, it is an agricultural machine for sweet potato that moves across the ridges for cultivating sweet potatoes or between adjacent ridges, and moves with respect to the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes in synchronization with the moving operation of the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes. A horizontal holder is attached.

Then, at a predetermined position of the horizontal holder, cutting jigs (installed at two locations on the left and right) for cutting sweet potato vines and roots are provided at an inclination angle of 55 ° with respect to the vertical direction from the horizontal direction (installed at two locations on the left and right). With θ1), an agricultural machine for sweet potatoes attached was prepared via a long member.

When the total length of the long member is 100, the length of the portion below the bent portion is 65, the length of the portion above the bent portion is 35, and the length of the long member is 35. The angle (narrow angle, θ2) formed by the portion below the bent portion and the portion above the bent portion is set to 150 °.

2. Operation of agricultural machinery for sweet potatoes (processing equivalent to vine turning)
Next, as step (3), the operation step of the prepared agricultural machine for sweet potato was performed.
That is, using the prepared agricultural machine for sweet potatoes, the sweet potatoes were moved across the ridges for cultivating sweet potatoes, and the vines and roots of the sweet potatoes overhanging between the adjacent ridges were cut. At that time, the operating speed of the sweet potato agricultural machine was set to 10 m / min.

3. 3. Evaluation (1) Evaluation 1 (quickness)
In a sweet potato cultivation area with an area of 10 ares, a sweet potato agricultural machine was used to move across the ridges to be cultivated, and the vines and roots of the sweet potato overhanging between the adjacent ridges were cut. Then, the average processing time for each are was measured, and the speed was evaluated according to the following criteria.
⊚: Within 30 minutes / 1 are 〇: Within 60 minutes / 1 are Δ: Within 120 minutes / 1 are ×: Over 120 minutes / 1 are

(2) Evaluation 2 (accuracy)
In a sweet potato cultivation area with an area of 10 ares, a sweet potato agricultural machine was used to move across the ridges to be cultivated, and the vines and roots of the sweet potato overhanging between the adjacent ridges were cut. The state was visually observed at 100 places, and the accuracy was evaluated according to the following criteria.
⊚: 90% or more of sweet potato vines and roots are cut.
〇: Sweet potato vines and roots are cut by 80% or more.
Δ: Sweet potato vines and roots are cut by 50% or more.
X: Sweet potato vines and roots remain in excess of 50%.

(3) Evaluation 3 (Sweet potato harvestability)
After planting sweet potato seedlings, in a sweet potato cultivated area of 10 ares after 4 months, sweet potatoes are dug using a sweet potato digging machine, and 500 g or more per are are per sweet potato. The average yield (kg / are) was measured, and the yieldability of sweet potatoes was evaluated according to the following criteria.
⊚: The average yield is 300 kg / 1 are or more.
〇: The average yield is 200 kg / 1 are or more.
Δ: The average yield is 100 kg / 1 are or more.
X: The average yield is less than 100 kg / 1 are.

(4) Evaluation 4 (Removability of multi-sheet)
After harvesting the sweet potato seedlings, the multi-sheet covering the ridge surface was removed, and the removability of the multi-sheet was evaluated according to the following criteria from the removal time.
⊚: The removal time of the multi-sheet is 20 minutes / 1 are or less.
〇: The removal time of the multi-sheet is 40 minutes / 1 are or less.
Δ: The removal time of the multi-sheet is 60 minutes / 1 are or less.
X: The removal time of the multi-sheet exceeds 60 minutes / 1 are.

[Example 2]
In Example 2, sweet potatoes were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the operating speed of the operating process of the sweet potato agricultural machine was set to 20 m / min, and the harvestability and the like were evaluated.

[Example 3] In the third embodiment, the inclination angles of the cutting jigs (two) in the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes prepared in the step (1), that is, from the ground (horizontal direction) to the vertical direction along the operation direction, respectively. The speed and the like were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the inclination angle (θ1) of was set to 30 °.

[Example 4]
In the fourth embodiment, the inclination angles of the cutting jigs (two) in the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes prepared in the step (1), that is, the inclination angles (θ1) from the ground (horizontal direction) to the vertical direction along the operation directions, respectively. ) Was set to 45 °, but sweet potatoes were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1 and their harvestability and the like were evaluated.

[Example 5] In Example 5, the speed and the like were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the step (3) was carried out again as the step (3').
That is, one week after the first operation process of the sweet potato agricultural machine, the step (3) is performed again, and the prepared sweet potato agricultural machine is moved across the ridges for cultivating sweet potatoes, and is moved between adjacent ridges. The sweet potato vines and radishes overhanging were cut.

[Comparative Example 1]
In Comparative Example 1, the same as in Example 1 was carried out, except that the sweet potato agricultural aircraft used in Example 1 was not used and the sweet potatoes were cultivated by manually turning the sweet potatoes back as before. Sweet potatoes were cultivated and their harvestability was evaluated.

[Comparative Example 2]
In Comparative Example 2, sweet potatoes were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the sweet potato agricultural aircraft used in Example 1 was not used and the sweet potatoes were manually harvested twice at weekly intervals. The harvestability was evaluated.

[Comparative Example 3]
In Comparative Example 3, the sweet potato harvestability, etc., were the same as in Example 1, except that the sweet potato agricultural aircraft used in Example 1 was not used, and the sweet potatoes were not cultivated manually, and the sweet potatoes were cultivated. Was evaluated.

評価１：迅速性
評価２：正確性
評価３：収穫性
評価４：マルチシートの除去性

Evaluation 1: Rapidness evaluation 2: Accuracy evaluation 3: Harvestability evaluation 4: Multi-sheet removability

As is clear from the above description, according to the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes of the present invention, at least the vines and small vines of sweet potatoes overhanging between the adjacent ridges due to the attachment of the predetermined horizontal holder and cutting jig. You can now cut the roots.
Therefore, when the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes or the like is used, the same effect as that of sweet potato vines can be obtained, the work can be made extremely short and accurate, and the yield of sweet potatoes obtained can be increased.

Further, according to the method for cultivating sweet potatoes of the present invention, a predetermined agricultural machine for sweet potatoes is used to perform cutting treatment for cutting at least vines and roots of sweet potatoes overhanging between adjacent ridges. The same effect as the sweet potato vines was obtained, the work was made extremely short and accurate, and the yield of sweet potatoes was increased.

In addition, according to the sweet potato agricultural machine and the sweet potato cultivation treatment method of the present invention, at least the vines and radicles (adventitious roots) of the sweet potato are cut, so that so-called obstacles are reduced, so that weed control and sunshine For efficiency, the work of removing the multi-sheets installed in the ridges of sweet potatoes has also become extremely quick and easy. More specifically, the processing time, which used to take about 2 hours / 1 are, can now be done in about 15 minutes / 1 are. Furthermore, after harvesting sweet potatoes, the vines themselves have become quicker and easier to clean up, and the processing time, which used to take about 3 hours / 1 are, can now be done in about 30 minutes / 1 are.

In addition, according to the sweet potato agricultural machine and the sweet potato cultivation treatment method of the present invention, not only the roots of the vines spread from the ridges where the sweet potatoes are cultivated, but also the vines themselves are partially or considerably cut. become.
However, the yield and unit weight / piece of sweet potatoes obtained based on the present invention are at least 30% or more, depending on the type and cultivation conditions of sweet potatoes, as compared with the case where the sweet potatoes are simply vine-backed. , The unexpected effect of increasing and increasing the weight has come to be obtained.

1: Agricultural machinery for sweet potatoes 10: Cutting jig (first cutting jig)
10a: Joining means 12: Long member
12a: Tip 12b: Upper part 12c: Lower part 12d: Bending part 13: Sweet potato cultivation area (ground / horizontal plane)
14, 16: Position adjusting member (first position adjusting member) 15: Second cutting jig 15a: Rail groove 20: Horizontal holder 20a, 20b: Horizontal bar pipe 20c, 20d: Iron frame 30: Position adjusting member (Second position adjusting member)

Claims (8)

An agricultural machine for sweet potatoes that moves across the ridges where sweet potatoes are cultivated or between adjacent ridges.
A horizontal holder that moves in synchronization with the moving operation of the sweet potato agricultural machine is attached to the sweet potato agricultural machine, and the horizontal holder is projected at a predetermined position between adjacent ridges. Agricultural machinery for sweet potatoes, characterized in that, at least, a cutting tool for cutting sweet potato ridges and ridges is provided along the vertical direction. The agricultural machine for sweet potatoes according to claim 1, wherein the cutting jig has an inclination angle of 10 to 70 ° with respect to the vertical direction from the ground along the operating direction. The agricultural machine for sweet potatoes according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a position adjusting member for fixing or changing the horizontal position of the cutting jig to the horizontal holding tool is provided. The agricultural machine for sweet potatoes according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a position adjusting member for moving the position of the tip of the cutting jig up and down is provided. The agricultural machine for sweet potatoes according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a second cutting jig that moves up and down manually is provided as a part of the cutting jig. The cutting jig is attached to the horizontal holder via a long member, and the cutting jig is detachably attached to the horizontal holder or the long member. The agricultural machine for sweet potato according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The agricultural machine for sweet potatoes according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the agricultural machine for sweet potatoes is a passenger agricultural machine. A method for cultivating sweet potatoes, which comprises using an agricultural machine for sweet potatoes that moves across the ridges for cultivating sweet potatoes or between adjacent ridges.
A horizontal holder that moves in synchronization with the moving operation of the sweet potato agricultural machine is attached to the sweet potato agricultural machine.
A cutting jig for cutting at least the vines and roots of sweet potato, which overhangs between the adjacent ridges, is provided at a predetermined position of the horizontal holder along the vertical direction.
A method for cultivating sweet potatoes, which comprises operating the sweet potato agricultural machine to cut at least the vines and roots of the sweet potato.

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