JP6863737B2 - Wind farm and how to operate it - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a wind farm and a method of operating the wind farm.

Conventionally, in a wind farm that generates electricity with a plurality of wind turbines (hereinafter referred to as wind turbines), the rear wind turbine arranged on the leeward side is usually the wake of the front wind turbine as opposed to the front wind turbine arranged on the wind side. That is, due to the influence of the wake, the power generation output becomes smaller than that of the front wind turbine. Therefore, various operation methods and control methods have been proposed in order to optimize the output of the entire wind farm, which is the total power generation output generated by each wind turbine.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an invention relating to output optimization of a wind farm. Specifically, in the technique of Patent Document 1, the wake mode of each wind turbine is defined for each wind direction in the central control device, the correction pitch angle is determined and given to the local control device of each wind turbine, and each wind turbine is determined by the central control device. Control is performed according to the correction pitch angle given.

U.S. Patent Publication No. 2016/0230741

By the way, Patent Document 1 describes that a correction pitch angle is given to the local control device, but when an inappropriate blade pitch angle is commanded to the local control device from the central control device, an abnormality occurs in the wind turbine. It is not desirable from the viewpoint of wind turbine safety to give a command regarding the blade pitch angle from the central controller (wind farm controller) to the local controller because it may occur. Further, Patent Document 1 does not disclose any technique for additionally installing a control device for optimizing the power generation output of the wind farm with respect to the existing wind farm.

In view of the above problems, at least one embodiment of the present invention aims to optimize the power output of an existing wind farm without changing the function of the local control device.

(1) The wind farm according to at least one embodiment of the present invention is
With multiple windmills
A plurality of controls provided for each of the plurality of wind turbines to prevent at least one of overspeed or overpower of each of the wind turbines, or at least one control of cutout control of each of the wind turbines. With a local controller,
The optimization processing of the plurality of wind turbines is performed, and at least one of the limit value regarding the pitch angle or output of each of the wind turbines or the command value regarding the azimuth angle or wind direction deviation is set based on the result of the optimization processing. Wind farm controller configured to provide to said local controller of
To be equipped.

According to the configuration of (1) above, control for preventing at least one of overspeed or overpower of each wind turbine or cutting of each wind turbine is performed by a plurality of local control devices provided in association with the plurality of wind turbines. At least one of the out controls is controlled. Further, the wind farm control device performs optimization processing for a plurality of wind turbines, and based on the result of the optimization processing, a limit value regarding the pitch angle or output of each wind turbine, or a command value regarding an azimuth angle or a wind direction deviation. At least one of is given to each local controller. That is, the wind farm controller gives each local controller at least one of a limit value for the pitch angle or output of each wind turbine, or a command value for the azimuth angle or wind direction deviation. As a result, it is possible to additionally install a wind farm control device that optimizes the power generation output without changing the function of each local control device for the existing wind farm. Therefore, the total power output of the wind farm can be improved through the optimization process of each wind turbine without affecting the safety of each wind turbine in the existing wind farm.

(2) In some embodiments, in the wind farm described in (1) above.
A central control unit for collecting information from at least the plurality of local control devices, and
A network hub provided between the central control unit and the plurality of local control devices,
With more
The wind farm controller is connected to the plurality of local controllers via the network hub.

According to the configuration of (2) above, the wind farm control device is used as a control device separate from the central control unit that collects information from a plurality of local control devices, and is connected to a plurality of local control devices via a network hub. Be connected. That is, the wind farm controller can be connected to the network hub without changing the functions of the multiple local controllers, the central control unit, and the network hub that centrally relays these connections in the existing wind farm. The operation of the existing wind farm can be optimized with a simple configuration of additional installation.

(3) In some embodiments, in the wind farm according to (1) or (2) above.
Each of the local control devices is configured to perform primary processing of the operation data of each of the wind turbines and send the result of the primary processing to the wind farm control device.

According to the configuration of (3) above, the primary processing of the operation data of each wind turbine is performed by each local control device, and the result of the primary processing is sent to the wind farm control device. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform the primary processing of the operation data of each wind turbine in the wind farm control device connected to the plurality of local control devices. As a result, the calculation load on the wind farm control device can be reduced, so that the optimization process can be smoothly performed.

(4) In some embodiments, in the wind farm according to any one of (1) to (3) above.
The wind farm control device is
Setting change of at least one of the wind turbines to be optimized A setting change unit for changing the control setting of the wind turbine,
For each of the one or more leeward wind turbines located downstream of each of the setting change wind turbines among the optimization target wind turbines, the influence of the change of the control setting of the setting change wind turbine reaches the leeward side wind turbine. A delay time calculation unit for calculating the delay time until
An evaluation value calculation unit for obtaining an evaluation value including at least the total output of the wind turbine to be optimized, and an evaluation value calculation unit.
Based on the evaluation value, a setting update unit for updating control settings for one or more of the wind turbines to be optimized, and a setting update unit.
Including
The evaluation value calculation unit calculates the total output of the wind turbine to be optimized by using the output of each of the leeward wind turbines after the delay time has elapsed from the time when the control setting of the setting change wind turbine is changed. Then, the evaluation value is obtained from the calculation result of the total output.

In calculating the optimization target (evaluation function value) when optimizing the operation of the wind farm, it is desirable to consider the time delay obtained from the separation distance between the wind turbines and the wind speed.
According to the configuration of (4) above, when the control setting of the setting change wind turbine among the wind turbines to be optimized is changed by the setting change unit, each of one or more leeward wind turbines located on the downstream side of the setting change wind turbine. The delay time until the effect of the setting change applied to the setting change wind turbine reaches each leeward wind turbine is calculated by the delay time calculation unit. In addition, the evaluation value calculation unit calculates the total output of the wind turbine to be optimized using the output of each of the leeward wind turbines after the delay time has elapsed from the time when the control setting of the setting change wind turbine is changed, and the total output is calculated. The evaluation value is obtained based on the calculation result of. Then, based on the evaluation value obtained by the evaluation value calculation unit, the setting update unit updates the control setting for one or more of the wind turbines to be optimized. Therefore, the control setting of the downstream wind turbine is changed based on the evaluation value obtained in consideration of the output of the leeward wind turbine at the timing when the effect of the setting change applied to the upstream wind turbine reaches the downstream wind turbine. Therefore, a more appropriate evaluation value can be obtained according to the actual situation of the wind farm. This makes it possible to set an optimization target for the total power generation output of the entire wind farm while appropriately considering the delay time of the influence on the downstream wind turbine due to the setting change added to the upstream wind turbine. Furthermore, by additionally applying such a control device to the existing wind farm, it is possible to effectively optimize the output of the wind farm with a small-scale modification.

(5) In some embodiments, in the wind farm described in (4) above,
The wind farm control device includes a data processing start command unit for sending a data processing start command to the plurality of local control devices so as to start primary processing of operation data including outputs of the plurality of wind turbines.
Each of the local control devices is configured to perform the primary processing of the operation data of each of the wind turbines and send the result of the primary processing to the wind farm control device.

According to the configuration of (5) above, each local control device performs primary processing of operation data including outputs of a plurality of wind turbines in response to the data processing start command transmitted by the data processing start command unit, and the primary processing is performed. The result of processing is sent from each local controller to the window farm controller. As a result, the operator of the wind farm controller can collect the operation data of each wind turbine at the required timing as needed, and based on the result of the collected primary processing, for example, the pitch angle or the output limitation. A value, or at least one of the command values relating to the azimuth or wind direction deviation, can be transmitted to each local controller.

(6) In some embodiments, in the wind farm according to (4) or (5) above.
The at least one setting change wind turbine is
The first setting change windmill and
The second setting change wind turbine located downstream of the first setting change wind turbine and
Including
The setting change part
Until the influence of the change of the control setting of the first setting change wind turbine reaches the second setting change wind turbine, the previous value of the control setting of the second setting change wind turbine is retained.
When the influence of the change of the control setting of the first setting change wind turbine reaches the second setting change wind turbine, the control setting of the second setting change wind turbine is changed.

According to the configuration of (6) above, until the influence of the change of the control setting in the first setting change wind turbine reaches the second setting change wind turbine located on the downstream side of the wind direction from the first setting change wind turbine. 2 Setting change In the wind turbine, the previous control setting value is retained. That is, the control setting of the second setting change wind turbine is not changed before the delay time until the influence of the control setting change in the first setting change wind turbine reaches the second setting change wind turbine elapses. After the delay time has elapsed, the control setting of the second setting change wind turbine is changed. Therefore, it is possible to change the control setting of the second setting change wind turbine at an appropriate timing when the improvement effect of the setting change of the second setting change wind turbine can be seen against the influence of the control setting change on the first setting change wind turbine. .. Further, it is possible to reduce the possibility of output reduction due to changing the control setting of the second setting change wind turbine before the lapse of the delay time. As a result, the total power generation output of the entire wind farm can be optimized.

(7) In some embodiments, in the wind farm according to any one of (4) to (6) above.
The control setting includes at least one of the power generation output command, pitch angle command or directional command of each of the wind turbines.

According to the configuration of (7) above, the control setting of the setting change wind turbine changed by the setting change unit includes one or more of the power generation output command, pitch angle or direction command of each wind turbine. That is, the entire wind farm, taking into account the delay time until the effects of changes in control settings, including at least one of the power output commands, pitch angle commands, or directional commands of each wind turbine, reach the downstream wind turbine. The total output of power generation can be optimized.

(8) The method of operating the wind farm according to at least one embodiment of the present invention is as follows.
A method of operating a wind farm including a plurality of wind turbines, a plurality of local control devices provided for each of the plurality of wind turbines, and a wind farm control device for performing optimization processing of the plurality of wind turbines. ,
A step of controlling at least one of overspeed or overpower of each of the wind turbines or at least one control of cutout control of each of the wind turbines by each of the local control devices.
A step of optimizing the plurality of wind turbines by the wind farm control device, and
Based on the result of the optimization process, at least one of the limit value regarding the pitch angle or output of each of the wind turbines or the command value regarding the azimuth angle or wind direction deviation is transferred from the wind farm controller to each local controller. Steps to give and
To be equipped.

According to the configuration of (8) above, control for preventing at least one of overspeed or overpower of each wind turbine or cutting of each wind turbine is performed by a plurality of local control devices provided in association with the plurality of wind turbines. At least one of the out controls is controlled. Further, the wind farm control device performs optimization processing for a plurality of wind turbines, and based on the result of the optimization processing, a limit value regarding the pitch angle or output of each wind turbine, or a command value regarding an azimuth angle or a wind direction deviation. At least one of is given to each local controller. That is, the wind farm controller gives each local controller one or more of the limit values for the pitch angle or output of each wind turbine, or the command values for the azimuth or wind direction deviation. As a result, it is possible to additionally install a wind farm control device that optimizes the power generation output without changing the function of each local control device for the existing wind farm. Therefore, the total power output of the wind farm can be improved through the optimization process of each wind turbine without affecting the safety of each wind turbine in the existing wind farm.

(9) In some embodiments, in the wind farm operating method described in (8) above,
A step of performing primary processing of operation data of each of the wind turbines by each of the local control devices, and
It includes a step of sending the result of the primary processing to the wind farm control device.

According to the configuration of (9) above, the primary processing of the operation data of each wind turbine is performed by each local control device, and the result of the primary processing is sent to the wind farm control device. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform the primary processing of the operation data of each wind turbine in the wind farm control device connected to the plurality of local control devices. As a result, the calculation load on the wind farm control device can be reduced, so that the optimization process can be smoothly performed.

(10) In some embodiments, in the wind farm operating method according to (8) or (9) above.
In the step of performing the optimization process,
Change the settings of at least one of the wind turbines to be optimized. Change the control settings of the wind turbine.
For each of the one or more leeward wind turbines located downstream of each of the setting change wind turbines among the optimization target wind turbines, the influence of the change of the control setting of the setting change wind turbine reaches the leeward side wind turbine. Calculate the delay time until
Obtaining an evaluation value including at least the total output of the wind turbine to be optimized,
Based on the evaluation value, the control settings are updated for one or more of the wind turbines to be optimized, and the control settings are updated.
When obtaining the evaluation value, the total output of the wind turbine to be optimized is calculated by using the output of each of the leeward wind turbines after the delay time has elapsed from the time when the control setting of the setting change wind turbine is changed. Then, the evaluation value is obtained from the calculation result of the total output.

According to the configuration of (10) above, when the control setting of the setting change wind turbine is changed among the wind turbines to be optimized, the setting is changed for each of one or more leeward wind turbines located on the downstream side of the setting change wind turbine. The delay time until the effect of the setting change applied to the wind turbines reaches each leeward wind turbine is calculated. In addition, the total output of the wind turbine to be optimized is calculated using the output of each of the leeward wind turbines after the delay time has elapsed from the time when the control setting of the setting change wind turbine is changed, and the total output of the wind turbine to be optimized is calculated based on the calculation result of the total output. Evaluation value is required. Then, based on the obtained evaluation value, the control settings are updated for one or more of the wind turbines to be optimized. Therefore, the control setting of the downstream wind turbine is changed based on the evaluation value obtained in consideration of the output of the leeward wind turbine at the timing when the effect of the setting change applied to the upstream wind turbine reaches the downstream wind turbine. Therefore, a more appropriate evaluation value can be obtained according to the actual situation of the wind farm. This makes it possible to set an optimization target for the total power generation output of the entire wind farm while appropriately considering the effect of setting changes on the upstream wind turbine on the downstream wind turbine.

(11) In some embodiments, in the wind farm operating method according to (10) above,
The wind farm control device sends a data processing start command to the plurality of local control devices so as to start the primary processing of the operation data including the outputs of the plurality of wind turbines.
Each of the local control devices may be configured to perform the primary processing of the operation data of each of the wind turbines and send the result of the primary processing to the wind farm control device.

According to the configuration of (11) above, each local control device performs primary processing of operation data including outputs of a plurality of wind turbines in response to a data processing start command transmitted by the wind farm control device, and the primary processing is performed. The result of is sent from each local controller to the wind farm controller. As a result, the operator of the wind farm controller can collect the operation data of each wind turbine at the required timing as needed, and based on the result of the collected primary processing, for example, the pitch angle or the output limitation. A value, or at least one of the command values relating to the azimuth or wind direction deviation, can be transmitted to each local controller.

According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide a renewable energy power generation device in which the weight of the nacelle is reduced and the assembling property is improved. Further, according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide a method of assembling a renewable energy power generation device with improved assembling property.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the wind farm which concerns on one Embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structural example of the wind turbine in one Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the local control apparatus in one Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control system in the control device of the wind farm which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the improvement of the total power generation output by the control method of the wind farm in one Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the processing concept of the simultaneous perturbation probability approximation method (SPSA) which is a basic control method in one Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the processing concept of the multi-resolution simultaneous perturbation probability approximation method (MR-SPSA) which is a basic control method in one Embodiment, (a) shows an example of a low-resolution mode, and (b) is high. An example of the resolution mode is shown. It is a figure which shows the control setting, the evaluation value and the update algorithm in one Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the output optimization processing by the control device of the wind farm which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the output optimization processing by the control device of the wind farm which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the wind transmission delay in the wind farm which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the output optimization processing by the control device of the wind farm which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the output optimization processing by the control device of the wind farm which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the output optimization processing by the control device of the wind farm which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the output optimization processing by the control device of the wind farm which concerns on one Embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, etc. of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified, and are merely explanatory examples. Only.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a wind farm. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a wind turbine constituting a wind farm.

As shown in FIG. 1, the wind farm 1 according to some embodiments is a wind farm T (T1 to Tn) electrically connected to each of the wind turbines T via a signal line 2. It includes a controller 10 (a control device for a wind farm). The wind farm controller 10 controls the operation of the wind farm 1 including the plurality of wind turbines T1 to Tn. In some embodiments, the wind farm 1 may include a plurality of local control devices LC (LC1 to LCn) provided for each of the plurality of wind turbines T. In some embodiments, the wind farm 1 comprises a SCADA server 4 (central control unit) for collecting information from at least a plurality of local control devices LC, and the SCADA server 4 and the plurality of local control devices LC. A network hub 3 provided between them may be further provided. In some embodiments, the wind farm controller 10 may be connected to a plurality of local controllers LC via a network hub 3.
Hereinafter, the details of the local controller LC and the wind farm controller 10 will be described after giving an example of the wind turbines T1 to T3 constituting the wind farm 1. Although three wind turbines T1 to T3 are illustrated as a plurality of wind turbines in FIG. 1, the number of wind turbines constituting the wind farm 1 is not limited to this, and any number (for example, n or N) can be used. It may be there.

In some embodiments, the wind turbines T1 to T3 of the wind farm 1 are connected to the hub 104 with a rotor 105 composed of a plurality of blades 102 and a hub 104 to which they are attached, as shown in FIG. The spindle 106 and the generator 110 driven by receiving the rotational force of the spindle 106 may be provided. In some embodiments, the spindle 106 and the generator 110 may be connected via a drivetrain 108 and its output shaft 109. In some embodiments, the drivetrain 108 may include a gear-type speed increaser that speeds up the rotation of the spindle 106. In some embodiments, the drivetrain 108 may include a hydraulic transmission instead of a geared speed increaser. In another embodiment, instead of the drive train 108, a direct drive system in which the spindle 106 and the generator 110 are directly connected may be used.

The drive train 108 and the generator 110 may be housed in a nacelle 112 that rotatably supports the spindle 106 via a spindle bearing 107. The nacelle base plate 114 constituting the bottom surface of the nacelle 112 may be supported by the tower 116 via a yaw swivel bearing 118. A yaw motor 21 (see FIG. 3) and a yaw swivel mechanism 119 having a pinion gear may be fixed to the nacelle base plate 114, and a pinion gear of the yaw swivel mechanism 119 may be fixed to a ring gear provided on the tower 116 side. The nacelle 112 may be able to turn with respect to the tower 116 by driving the yaw motor 21 in a state where the gears are meshed with each other. Further, each blade 102 is supported by a hub 104 via a blade swivel bearing (not shown), and the pitch angle can be adjusted by a pitch drive actuator 23 (see FIG. 3) provided in the hub 104. You may.

In the wind turbine T of the configuration example shown in FIG. 2, a state value indicating a damaged state or a deteriorated state of various parts is acquired by a state value detection sensor (including, for example, the load sensor 33 shown in FIG. 3) and is windowed. It is now reported to the farm controller 10.
Specific examples of the state values of various parts of the wind turbines T1 to T3 include the weight of the blade 102, the weight imbalance between the blades 102, the vibration of the blade 102, and the like as indicating the damaged state or the deteriorated state of the blade 102. As an indicator of the damaged or deteriorated state of the tower 116, the fatigue load at the base of the tower 116 or the upper part of the tower 116, the vibration of the tower 116, etc. can be mentioned, and the drive train 108 such as the speed increaser and the hydraulic transmission is damaged. Vibration of the spindle bearing 107 and the bearing of the hydraulic pump, vibration and swing of the spindle 106, piston vibration and amplitude of the hydraulic pump, efficiency of the hydraulic transmission, etc. can be mentioned as indicators of the state or deterioration state, and the nacelle base plate 114 Fatigue due to stress concentration can be mentioned as an indicator of a damaged state or a deteriorated state of a member made of a casting such as a hub 104 or a hub 104.

Next, the details of the local control device LC will be described. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a control system in the local control device LC in some embodiments.
As shown in FIG. 3, in some embodiments, the local control device LC is, for example, a computer, and a ROM as a storage unit for storing data such as a CPU 51 and various programs and tables executed by the CPU 51. (Read Only Memory) 53, RAM (Random Access Memory) 52 that functions as a work area such as an expansion area and a calculation area when executing each program, a hard disk drive (HDD) as a large-capacity storage device (not shown), It may be provided with a communication interface for connecting to a communication network, an access unit to which an external storage device is mounted, and the like. All of these are connected via the bus 54, which is electrically connected to the wind farm controller 10 and the SCADA server 4 via the signal line 2 (see FIG. 1) and the network hub 3. Further, the wind farm controller 10 may be connected to, for example, an input unit (not shown) composed of a keyboard, a mouse or the like, a display unit (not shown) including a liquid crystal display device for displaying data, or the like.

In some embodiments, the local control device LC is transmitted with detection signals relating to the wind direction, the wind speed, and the load from each of the wind direction sensor 31, the wind speed sensor 32, and the load sensor 33 provided on the wind turbines T1 to T3, respectively. You may. One or more of the load sensors 33 may be installed in a place where a device load or a load due to wind acts, such as a spindle bearing 107 or a tower 116. In some embodiments, the wind farm controller 10 is electrically connected to the yaw motor 21, the yaw brake drive actuator 22, the pitch drive actuator 23 and the pitch brake drive actuator 24 via a bus 14 and a signal line 2. May be good.

In some embodiments, the ROM 13 may contain a safety control program 55, which will be described later.

Subsequently, the details of the wind farm controller 10 will be described.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a control system in the wind farm controller 10 (wind farm controller) according to some embodiments.
As shown in FIG. 4, in some embodiments, the window farm controller 10 is, for example, a computer, and serves as a storage unit for storing data such as a CPU 11, various programs and tables executed by the CPU 11. In addition to the ROM 13, the RAM 12 that functions as a work area such as an expansion area and a calculation area when executing each program, a hard disk drive (HDD) as a large-capacity storage device (not shown), a communication interface for connecting to a communication network, and It may be provided with an access unit or the like to which an external storage device is mounted. In some embodiments, the wind farm controller 10 may include a database 19 that stores the optimal control settings obtained in the step of updating the control settings described below in association with the wind condition parameters. A power generation output distribution table (not shown) or the like may be stored. All of these are connected via the bus 14, and the bus 14 is electrically connected to the wind turbines T1 to T3 of the wind farm 1 via the signal line 2 (see FIG. 1). Further, the wind farm controller 10 may be connected to, for example, an input unit (not shown) composed of a keyboard, a mouse or the like, a display unit (not shown) including a liquid crystal display device for displaying data, or the like.

In some embodiments, the wind farm controller 10 transmits detection signals relating to the wind direction, wind speed, and load from each of the wind direction sensor 31, the wind speed sensor 32, and the load sensor 33 provided on the wind turbines T1 to T3, respectively. May be done. In some embodiments, the wind farm controller 10 is electrically connected to the yaw motor 21, the yaw brake drive actuator 22, the pitch drive actuator 23 and the pitch brake drive actuator 24 via a bus 14 and a signal line 2. May be good.

In some embodiments, the ROM 13 includes an output calculation program 15 that calculates the overall output of the wind farm 1 from the amount of power generated by each of the wind turbines T1 to T3, and a first output for optimizing the overall output of the wind farm 1. The optimization program 16 (operation control program), the second output optimization program 17 (operation control program), and the third output optimization program 18 (operation control program) may be stored. These programs will be described later.

Here, the output optimization process of the wind farm 1 in some embodiments will be described in detail. The wind farm optimization process according to some embodiments described in the present specification is not limited to the optimization process focusing on a specific parameter, and can be applied to various optimization processes. Specifically, for example, the optimization process focusing on the power generation output may be performed. In another embodiment, for example, an optimization process for reducing mechanical fatigue of each wind turbine T may be performed. Further, as a method used for the optimization processing at that time, the simultaneous perturbation probability approximation method (SPSA), which is one of the conventional optimization methods, may be used, or a multi-resolution simultaneous perturbation probability approximation method developed from this method. (MR-SPSA) may be used. In some embodiments, the output of the entire wind farm 1 is optimized in consideration of the influence of the wake by applying a further developed optimization process based on the MR-SPSA.

First, as an example of the optimization method, the simultaneous perturbation probability approximation method (SPSA) and the multi-resolution simultaneous perturbation probability approximation method (MR-SPSA) will be described.

In the SPSA, all of the individual wind turbines T belonging to the wind farm 1 are independently controlled, and the control is performed in the so-called high resolution mode in which the individual wind turbines T are controlled by using independent parameter setting values (see FIG. 5). Specifically, a calculation algorithm that determines and gives the next perturbation based on the evaluation value (evaluation function) after giving a positive or negative perturbation, which is a random variable, to each parameter, and repeats until there is no improvement allowance. Each wind turbine T is controlled according to the above.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a processing concept of the simultaneous perturbation probability approximation method (SPSA), which is a basic control method in some embodiments. In some embodiments, the plant 41 shown in FIG. 6 may be, for example, a wind farm 1 containing a plurality of wind turbines T1 to Tn.

In general, a wind power plant such as a wind farm 1 is a power plant that uses renewable energy, and for example, wind conditions such as wind direction, wind speed, temperature, humidity, air density, etc. change from moment to moment, and therefore are subject to control. It is difficult to clearly identify.

Therefore, in some embodiments, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, the plant 41 (Plant) is set as a control target for which the transfer function is unknown, and the input value (Measured input) from the controller 40 to the plant 41 is used. Feedback control that measures the output value (Measured output) from the plant 41 when the input value is input and determines the next input value according to whether or not the output value approaches the control target 42 (Control object). Is done. The output value from the plant 41 is also compared with the reference input value to the controller 40, and the difference (Measured error) is input to the controller 40 and the control target 42.

Then, the control result (Control performance) in each loop (hereinafter referred to as iteration) of the loop control that is repeatedly performed is input from the control target 42 to the optimization tool 43. The optimization tool 43 receives the input of the control result in the first iteration and applies perturbations to a plurality of control parameters with respect to the input value for the plant 41 in the next second iteration. Perturbations first control settings (e.g., theta _k) with respect to, for example, is a random variable + delta _k or - [delta _k is given. In some embodiments, when perturbing, all optimized wind turbines T may be perturbed at the same time. In this way, the optimum control setting for the entire wind farm 1 can be reached quickly in a shorter time, and the total power generation output of the entire wind farm 1 can be improved in a short time.

Subsequently, the gradient of the evaluation value (evaluation function L) is obtained by the optimization tool 43 from the above perturbation and the control result of the second iteration to which the perturbation is given, and the next control parameter is determined. It is sent to the controller 40 as a tuning command to the controller 40 in the next iteration. By repeating this, the optimum solution, that is, the optimized control setting is searched.

On the other hand, in MR-SPSA, the total number of all wind turbines T (for example, N) belonging to the wind farm 1 to be controlled is less than the total number (for example, M, but N> M). A low resolution mode that divides the wind turbines T into groups and controls the wind turbines T in the same group using the same parameter setting values, and an independent parameter setting value for each of the individual wind turbines T as an independent control target. The next perturbation is determined based on the evaluation value (evaluation function) after giving positive or negative perturbations, which are random variables, to each parameter by switching between the high resolution mode controlled by using. Each wind turbine T is controlled according to a calculation algorithm in which the wind turbine T is given and repeated until there is no improvement allowance.

Further, in MR-SPSA, in each iteration of the iterative calculation for finding the optimum set solution, the first perturbation component Δ _{k1 is used as the perturbation component in the low resolution mode, and the second perturbation component Δ k2} is used as the perturbation component in the high resolution mode. Is used. That is, in MR-SPSA, _{either one of the first perturbation component Δ k1} and the second perturbation component Δ _k2 is given as a perturbation.

In the above MR-SPSA, the control mode is set to the low resolution mode at the initial stage of the iterative calculation for obtaining the optimum setting solution, and for example, the yaw turning and the pitch angle are roughly corrected (update the control setting value) for each group. Will be. Then, when the evaluation value changes to a certain value or less, the control mode is switched to the high resolution mode, and fine adjustment of details is performed for each wind turbine. As a result, the time required to reach the optimum setting can be shortened, and the power generation efficiency of the entire wind farm can be improved (see FIG. 5).

7 (a) and 7 (b) are the control methods of the wind farm 1 in some embodiments, and the processing of the multi-resolution simultaneous perturbation probability approximation method (MR-SPSA) which is a basic control method. It is a schematic diagram which shows a concept, FIG. 7A shows an example of a low resolution mode, and FIG. 7B shows an example of a high resolution mode. As shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b), the wind farm 1 has, for example, four rows in the vertical direction (referred to as the Y direction) in the drawing, and the paper surface horizontal direction (in the X direction) orthogonal to the Y direction. ) May include a total of 16 wind turbines T1 to T16 arranged in four rows. These wind turbines T1 to T16 may be arranged at equal intervals in the X direction and the Y direction. The distance between the wind turbines T may be expressed as a multiple of D, where D is the direct line of the rotor 105, for example. For convenience of explanation, each of the 16 wind turbines in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) is numbered T1 to T16 in order from the upper left to the right.

Now, it is assumed that the wind is blowing from the lower left to the upper right of the figure (for example, the wind direction vector (x, y) = (1,1)).
In this case, the front wind turbine T arranged on the windward side, that is, on the upstream side of the wind direction (for example, the wind turbines T5 to T7, T9 to T11 and T13 to T15 in 3 rows and 3 columns from the lower left shown by the broken line in FIG. Is a group G1), and the rear wind turbines T arranged on the leeward side, that is, on the downstream side of the wind direction (for example, the wind turbines T1 to T4 in the uppermost stage and the rightmost row shown by the broken lines in FIG. 7A). (T8, T12 and T16 are group G2) usually have a smaller power generation output than the wind turbine T included in the group G1 due to the influence of the wake, that is, the wake of the front wind turbine T. Therefore, in the low resolution mode shown in FIG. 7A, each wind turbine T in the group G1 located on the windward side is controlled using the same control parameters (for example, θ _k1 ) in the same group G1 and is leeward. Each wind turbine T in the group G2 located on the side may also be configured to be controlled using the _{same control parameter (for example, θ k2) in the group G2.}
The grouping is not limited to the above-mentioned groups G1 and G2, and various patterns may be possible. For example, in FIG. 7A, for the wind blowing from the left, the group including at least the leftmost wind turbines T1, T5, T9 and T13 is designated as the upstream group G1, and the rightmost column wind turbines T4, T8, The group including at least T12 and T16 may be the downstream group G2. Further, they may be grouped by other patterns.

On the other hand, in the high resolution mode shown in FIG. 7B, each of the wind turbines T (T1 to T16) is a control target, and each wind turbine T1 to T16 is controlled by using independent control parameters individually. It may be configured in.

Based on the above, for example, processing in the low resolution mode performed by grouping the above-mentioned wind turbines T1 to T16 into a group G1 on the leeward side and a group G2 on the leeward side will be described.
In some embodiments, the random variation in the low resolution mode is _Δk1 and the random variation in the high resolution mode is _Δk2 . In some embodiments, _Δk2 is a random variable in which each element is independent. On the other hand, there are only two _{elements of Δ k1} in the low resolution mode, for example, Δ _k11 and Δ _k12. This is because the wind turbines T in each group (shown by the broken line in FIG. 7A) are controlled using the same control settings. Figure 7 perturbation delta _k1 in the wind turbine T1~T16 of (a) is represented by the following formula (1) in order.

[Number 1]
Δ _k1 = [Δ _k11, Δ _k11, Δ _k11, Δ _k11, Δ _k12, Δ _k12, Δ _k12, Δ _k11, Δ _k12, Δ _k12, Δ _k12, Δ _k11, Δ _k12, Δ _k12, Δ _{k12 k11} ] ^T ... (1)

At this time, as shown in FIG. 8, for example, the control setting is represented by the formula (2), the evaluation value L is represented by the formula (3), and the control setting update algorithms are represented by the formulas (4) to (6), respectively. It may be set as represented by.
Here, a _k1 , a _k2 , c _k1 , and c _k2 are gains, respectively, and Δ _k1 and Δ _k2 are perturbations consisting of dimensionless random variables, respectively.
In other words, in some embodiments, unlike the conventional MR-SPSA using delta _k1 or delta _k2 instead of delta _k in SPSA, simultaneously optimizing the control with the delta _k1 and delta _k2 instead of delta _k in SPSA Is done.

In some embodiments, due to the above optimization control, for example, as shown by the thick line in FIG. 5, the time until the overall output of the wind farm 1 is optimized is compared with that of the conventional SPSA or MR-SPSA. And it will be further shortened. This is because, in some of the above-described embodiments, the low-resolution mode and the high-resolution mode are always operated in combination, so that it is not necessary to consider the switching timing between the low-resolution mode and the high-resolution mode. This is due to the control that always gives the optimum perturbation to the change.
In the high resolution mode when there is little change in the wind and the steady state is secured for a long time, it is desirable to repeatedly execute the control loop under certain wind conditions to converge until the optimum control setting is obtained. In the actual wind farm 1, since the wind changes from moment to moment, it is not always necessary to converge to the optimum control setting in the high resolution mode. Rather, the total output of power generation can be optimized for the wind farm 1 as a whole by always following the ever-changing wind and always operating in a setting state as close to the optimum control setting as possible.

Subsequently, according to the above-described configuration, the operation method of the wind farm 1 realized in some embodiments, that is, the output optimization control realized by the wind farm controller 10 executing the first output optimization program 16. (Output optimization processing) will be described. In the following description, the processing content performed by the wind farm controller 10 executing the first output optimization program 16 is the operation method of the wind farm 1.

In some embodiments, the wind farm controller 10 of the wind farm 1 including the plurality of wind turbines T reads the first output optimization program 16 stored in the ROM 13, expands it into the RAM 12, and executes the first output optimization program 16. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, a process of giving a perturbation Δ _{k to each control setting θ k} of the wind turbine T to be optimized is executed (step S1). The first output optimization program 16 functions as a perturbation imparting unit for giving a perturbation to each control setting of the wind turbine T to be optimized by realizing the above processing in the wind farm controller 10. Next, the wind farm controller 10 executes a process of obtaining an evaluation value L including at least the total output of the wind turbine T targeted for optimization after giving the _{perturbation Δ k (step S2).} The output optimization program 16 calculates an evaluation value for obtaining an evaluation value L including at least the total output of the wind turbine T to be optimized after giving a perturbation by causing the wind farm controller 10 to perform the above processing. Functions as a department. Then, the wind farm controller 10 may execute a process of updating the _{control setting θ k} (step S3) for each of the wind turbines T to be optimized based on the gradient of the evaluation value L. As a result, the control setting θ _k is updated to become θ _{k + 1} . The output optimization program 16 updates the _{control setting θ k} for each of the wind turbines T to be optimized based on the gradient of the evaluation value L by causing the wind farm controller 10 to perform the above processing. Functions as a department.

In some embodiments, step (step S1) perturbing delta _k above, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, for each of the M groups corresponding to the low resolution mode of the wind turbine T that belong to each group The first perturbation component Δ _k1 to be given to the control setting θ _k may be set (step S11). Further, the second perturbation component Δ _{k2 to be given to the control setting θ k of the} wind turbine T belonging to each group may be set for each of the N groups (where N> M) corresponding to the high resolution mode. (Step S12). Then, each wind turbine T may be given a perturbation including at least the first perturbation component Δ _k1 and the second perturbation component Δ _{k2 (step S13).} In some of the above-described embodiments, for example, M = 2 (groups G1, G2) and N = 16 (total number of wind turbines T in the wind farm 1) may be set.

In the above configuration, each of the wind turbines T in which the wind farm 1 always contains a perturbation including both _{the first perturbation component Δ k1} corresponding to the low resolution mode and _{the second perturbation component Δ k2} corresponding to the high resolution mode. Given to. _{Then, the control setting θ k} is updated for each of the wind turbines T to be optimized based on the gradient of the evaluation value L obtained thereafter. As a result, the individual wind turbines T can roughly respond to changes in the wind direction and speed, for example, in the low resolution mode in which the wind farm 1 as a whole has an immediate effect, and the optimum control setting θ at the position of the individual wind turbines T. _Since it can be performed in parallel without switching the detailed correspondence in the high resolution mode that is finely modified to k, the wind farm 1 as a whole can be operated so as to always give an optimum response. Therefore, a conventional wind farm in which one of the first perturbation component Δ _k1 and the second perturbation component Δ _k2 is given to each wind turbine T (for example, a wind using SPSA or MR-SPSA shown in FIG. 5). _{Compared to the farm), even if the optimum control setting θ k} of each wind turbine T changes due to wind fluctuations, the new optimum control setting θ _{k + n} can be reached in a short time. In addition, since all wind turbines T are included in the grouping target in the low resolution mode and the optimization target in the high resolution mode, the wind farm 1 is compared with the conventional wind farm in which control settings are made one by one. The overall total power output can be improved in a short time. Further, by additionally applying the control device 10 of the wind farm to the existing wind farm, the output optimization of the wind farm 1 can be effectively realized by a small-scale modification or update.

In some embodiments, the wind farm controller 10 further performs a wake of the windward wind turbine T based on the separation distance D and the wind speed V between the wind turbines T when performing the various optimization processes described above. Considering the delay time t until reaching the leeward side wind turbine T, a process of reflecting this delay time t in the control setting of the leeward side wind turbine T is executed.

When considering the separation distance D and the wind speed V between the wind turbines T, the installation information regarding the installation position of the wind turbines T, the wind speed information and the wind direction information measured by each wind turbine T, and the like are used. In some embodiments, a wind turbine characteristic coefficient representing a characteristic unique to each wind turbine T may be included.
It is desirable that the wind speed information used here is not the inflow wind speed with respect to the wind turbine T but the wake wind speed.
As the wake wind speed, for example, the wind speed measured by the wind direction / anemometer (wind direction sensor 31 and wind speed sensor 32) provided in the nacelle 112 of the wind turbine T may be used, or in front of the wind turbine T on the leeward side. The wind speed measured by the provided rider (LIDAR) may be used. In some embodiments, the inflow wind speed into the windward wind turbine T, the pitch angle of the windward wind turbine T, and the wind speed obtained by arithmetic processing using the wind turbine characteristic coefficient peculiar to the windward wind turbine T are used. You may.

With reference to FIG. 11, let V1 be the wind speed flowing into the wind turbine T1 at time t = t1. The control setting optimized based on this information is optimal for the wind turbine T1 at time t = t1, but there is a time delay for the effect of changing the control setting of the wind turbine T1 to be transmitted to the wind turbine T2 and thereafter. It may not always be optimal for the wind turbine T after T2. Therefore, it is not desirable to change the control settings of the wind turbines T2, T3 ... At time t = t1.

In some embodiments, if the wake wind speed of the wind turbine T1 after changing the control setting of the wind turbine T1 to the optimized control setting is V2, the influence of the change of the control setting of the wind turbine T1 reaches the wind turbine T2. The delay time until is t = D2 / V2. Therefore, it is desirable that the control setting change of the wind turbine T2 is time t = t1 + D1 / V2. Similarly, it is desirable that the control setting change of the wind turbine T3 is at time t = t1 + D1 / V2 + D2 / V3, and the same applies to the wind turbines T4 to Tn after that. Further, since V2, V3 ... Change from moment to moment, it is more desirable to consider this change.

In some embodiments, the separation distance D and the wind speed V between the wind turbines T are taken into consideration when instructing each wind turbine T to control the optimized control settings (for example, the wind speed ratio between the wind turbines T). , The rear wind turbine T retains the previous command value until the influence of the change in the control setting of the front wind turbine T is reached, and after the influence of the change in the control setting of the front wind turbine T is reached, the control setting is changed. May be good.

Subsequently, according to the above-described configuration, the operation method of the wind farm 1 realized in some embodiments, that is, the above-mentioned time delay realized by the wind farm controller 10 executing the second output optimization program 17. The output optimization control (output optimization processing) in consideration of the above will be described. In the following description, the processing content performed by the wind farm controller 10 executing the second output optimization program 17, that is, the operation method of the wind farm 1.

In some embodiments, the wind farm controller 10 reads the second output optimization program 17 stored in the ROM 13, deploys it in the RAM 12, and executes it, for example, as shown in FIG. Setting change of at least one of the wind turbines T to be optimized The control setting of the wind turbine T may be changed (step S101). The second output optimization program 17 is a setting change unit for changing the control setting of at least one of the wind turbines T to be optimized by causing the wind farm controller 10 to perform the above processing. Functions as. Next, the wind farm controller 10 sets the control settings of the setting-changing wind turbine T for each of one or more leeward-side wind turbines T located downstream of each setting-changing wind turbine T among the wind turbines T to be optimized. The delay time until the effect of the change reaches the leeward wind turbine T may be calculated (step S102). The second output optimization program 17 causes the wind farm controller 10 to realize the above processing, so that one or more leeward sides of the wind turbines T to be optimized are located downstream of the respective setting change wind turbines T. For each of the wind turbines T, the effect of the change in the control setting of the wind turbine T functions as a delay time calculation unit for calculating the delay time until the wind turbine T reaches the leeward side wind turbine T. Next, the wind farm controller 10 may obtain an evaluation value including at least the total output of the wind turbine T to be optimized (step S103). The second output optimization program 17 functions as an evaluation value calculation unit for obtaining an evaluation value L including at least the total output of the wind turbine T to be optimized by causing the wind farm controller 10 to perform the above processing. .. Next, the wind farm controller 10 may update the control settings for one or more of the wind turbines T to be optimized based on the evaluation value L (step S104). The second output optimization program 17 updates the control settings for one or more of the wind turbines T to be optimized based on the evaluation value L by causing the wind farm controller 10 to perform the above processing. Functions as a setting update unit.
In some embodiments, the wind farm controller 10 outputs each output of the leeward wind turbine T after a delay time t has elapsed from the time when the control setting of the setting change wind turbine T is changed in the step of obtaining the evaluation value L. It may be used to calculate the total output of the wind turbine T to be optimized, and the evaluation value L may be obtained from the calculation result of the total output.

According to the above configuration, when the control setting of the setting change wind turbine T among the wind turbines T to be optimized is changed, the setting is set for each of one or more leeward wind turbines T located on the downstream side of the setting change wind turbine T. The delay time t until the effect of the setting change applied to the changed wind turbine T reaches each leeward wind turbine T is calculated. Further, the total output of the wind turbine T to be optimized is calculated by using each output of the leeward wind turbine T after the delay time t has elapsed from the time when the control setting of the setting change wind turbine T is changed, and the total output is calculated. The evaluation value L is obtained based on the result. Then, based on the obtained evaluation value L, the control settings are updated for one or more of the wind turbines T to be optimized. Therefore, the influence of the setting change applied to the upstream side wind turbine T is based on the evaluation value L obtained in consideration of the output of the leeward side wind turbine T at the timing of reaching the downstream side wind turbine T. Since the control setting is changed, a more appropriate evaluation value L according to the actual situation of the wind farm 1 can be obtained. As a result, it is possible to set the optimization target of the total power generation output of the entire wind farm 1 while appropriately considering the influence on the downstream side wind turbine T due to the setting change applied to the upstream side wind turbine T. Further, by additionally applying such a wind farm controller 10 to the existing wind farm, the output optimization of the wind farm 1 can be effectively realized by a small-scale modification.

As shown in FIG. 13, in some embodiments, at least one setting change wind turbine T is located downstream of the first setting change wind turbine T (for example, the wind turbine T1) and the first setting change wind turbine T. A second setting change wind turbine T (for example, wind turbine T2) may be included. In some embodiments, in the step of changing the control setting (step S101), the wind farm controller 10 waits until the influence of the change of the control setting of the first setting change wind turbine T reaches the second setting change wind turbine T. , The previous value of the control setting of the second setting change wind turbine T is retained (step S111), and when the influence of the change of the control setting of the first setting change wind turbine T reaches the second setting change wind turbine T (for example, time t). = T1 + D1 / V2), the control setting of the second setting change wind turbine T may be changed (step S112).

According to the above configuration, until the influence of the change of the control setting in the first setting change wind turbine T reaches the second setting change wind turbine T located on the downstream side of the wind direction from the first setting change wind turbine T. 2 Setting change In the wind turbine T, the previous control setting value is retained. That is, the control setting of the second setting change wind turbine T is changed before the delay time t until the influence of the change of the control setting in the first setting change wind turbine T reaches the second setting change wind turbine T elapses. The control setting of the second setting change wind turbine T is changed after the delay time t has elapsed. Therefore, the control setting can be changed at an appropriate timing in the second setting change wind turbine T with respect to the influence of the change of the control setting on the first setting change wind turbine T. As a result, the total power generation output of the entire wind farm 1 can be optimized.

In some embodiments, the delay time t is calculated based on the distance D between the setting change wind turbine T and the downstream side wind turbine T and the wind speed V (backflow wind speed) on the downstream side of the setting change wind turbine T. May be done. In this way, the accuracy in calculating the delay time t until the influence of the change in the control setting of the setting change wind turbine T reaches the downstream side wind turbine T can be made more appropriate. As a result, the total power generation output of the entire wind farm 1 can be optimized.

In some embodiments, the control settings may include at least one of the power generation output commands, pitch angle commands or directional commands for each wind turbine T. In this way, the delay time t until the influence of the change of the control setting including at least one of the power generation output command, the pitch angle command, or the directional command of each wind turbine T reaches the downstream wind turbine T is appropriately considered. At the same time, the total power generation output of the entire wind farm 1 can be optimized.

According to some of the above-described embodiments, the wind farm 1 including the plurality of wind turbines T and the wind farm controller 10 for controlling the plurality of wind turbines T is realized. That is, it is possible to set the optimization target of the total power generation output of the entire wind farm 1 while appropriately considering the delay time t of the influence on the downstream wind turbine T due to the setting change added to the upstream wind turbine T. ..

In some embodiments, the wind farm controller 10 considers the separation distance D between the wind turbines T and the wind speed V when optimizing the wind power generator according to the optimization target, and sets the control of the front wind turbine T. After the influence of the change is reached, the evaluation of the optimization target (evaluation function value L) may be started.
Specifically, it is assumed that the wind speed flowing into the wind turbine T1 at time t = t1 is V1, and the optimum control setting is made for the wind turbine T1 at time t = t1. Since there is a time delay for the effect of changing the control setting of the wind turbine T1 to be transmitted to the wind turbine T2 and thereafter, it is not desirable to change the control setting of the wind turbine T2 to the newly obtained optimum control setting for a certain period of time. Therefore, it is desirable to start the calculation of the optimization target (value of the evaluation function L) after a certain period of time.

In some embodiments, assuming that the wake wind speed of the wind turbine T1 after changing the control setting of the wind turbine T1 to the optimized control setting is V2, the start of calculation of the optimization target (evaluation function value) of the wind turbine T2 is It is desirable that the time t = t1 + D1 / V2. Similarly, it is desirable that the optimization target (evaluation function value) calculation start of the wind turbine T3 is at time t = t1 + D1 / V2 + D2 / V3, and the same applies to the wind turbines T4 to Tn after that. Further, since V2, V3 ... Change from moment to moment, it is more desirable to consider this change.
In some embodiments, as the optimization target (value of the evaluation function L), the average total output obtained by summing the time averages of the power generation outputs (P1, P2, P3, ...) Of each wind turbine may be used. Good.
With the above configuration, the optimization target (value of the evaluation function L) can be calculated by considering the transmission delay (delay time t) until the effect of the control setting change of the upstream wind turbine T is transmitted to the downstream wind turbine T. Be optimized. As a result, the control settings of each wind turbine T are optimized, and the total power generation output of the wind farm 1 can be improved.

In some embodiments, the local controller LC controls to prevent at least one of the overspeed or overpower of each wind turbine T, or at least one control of the cutout control of each wind turbine T. It may be configured.
Specifically, in some embodiments, the local controller LC reads the safety control program 55 stored in the ROM 53, deploys it in the RAM 52, and executes it, for example, as shown in FIG. , Control to prevent at least one of overspeed or overpower of each wind turbine T, or at least one control of cutout control of each wind turbine T may be performed (step S201). The safety control program 55 may function as a safety control unit by causing the wind farm controller 10 to perform the above processing.

In some embodiments, the wind farm controller 10 performs optimization processing for a plurality of wind turbines T, and based on the result of the optimization processing, a limit value or orientation regarding the pitch angle or output of each wind turbine T. It may be configured to give at least one of the command values for the angle or wind direction deviation to each local controller LC.
Specifically, in some embodiments, the wind farm controller 10 may perform optimization processing for a plurality of wind turbines T (step S202). In some embodiments, the wind farm controller 10 sets at least one limit value for the pitch angle, output, azimuth or wind direction deviation of each wind turbine T based on the result of the optimization process in each local controller LC. May be given to (step S203).
In some embodiments, the local controller LC relates to a limit value relating to the pitch angle or output of each wind turbine T, or an azimuth angle or wind direction deviation, based on the limit value given by the wind farm controller 10 in step S203. A process of updating at least one of the command values may be executed (step S204).

According to the above configuration, control for preventing at least one of overspeed or overpower of each wind turbine T by a plurality of local control devices LC provided in association with the plurality of wind turbines T, or each wind turbine T. At least one of the cutout controls of is performed. Further, the wind farm controller 10 performs optimization processing for a plurality of wind turbines T, and based on the result of the optimization processing, commands regarding a limit value, an azimuth angle, or a wind direction deviation regarding the pitch angle or output of each wind turbine T. At least one of the values is given to each local controller LC. That is, the wind farm controller 10 gives each local controller LC one or more of the limit values related to the pitch angle or output of each wind turbine T, or the command values related to the azimuth angle or wind direction deviation. As a result, the wind farm controller 10 that optimizes the power generation output can be additionally installed on the existing wind farm without changing the function of each local control device LC. Therefore, the total power generation output of the wind farm 1 can be improved through the optimization process of each wind turbine T without affecting the safety of each wind turbine T in the existing wind farm.

In some embodiments, each local controller LC may be configured to perform a primary process of operating data for each wind turbine T and send the result of the primary process to the wind farm controller 10. Specifically, in some embodiments, each local controller LC performs primary processing of the operation data of each wind turbine T, for example, as shown in FIG. 15 (step S205), and the primary processing is performed. The result may be sent to the wind farm controller 10 (step S206). In this way, the primary processing of the operation data of each wind turbine T is performed by each local controller LC, and the result of the primary processing is sent to the wind farm controller 10. Therefore, it is not necessary for the wind farm controller 10 connected to the plurality of local control devices LC to perform the primary processing of the operation data of each wind turbine T. As a result, the calculation load on the wind farm controller 10 can be reduced, so that the optimization process can be smoothly performed.

In some embodiments, the wind farm controller 10 initiates data processing to send a data processing start command to the plurality of local controller LCs to initiate primary processing of operating data including the outputs of the plurality of wind turbines T. A command unit (not shown) may be included, and each local control device LC performs primary processing of operation data of each wind turbine T based on a data processing start command transmitted from the data processing start command unit, and performs primary processing. The result of may be configured to be sent to the window farm controller 10.
Specifically, in some embodiments, the wind farm controller 10 has a plurality of local controls to initiate primary processing of operating data, including, for example, the outputs of the plurality of wind turbines T, as shown in FIG. A data processing start command may be sent to the apparatus LC (step S211). Each local controller LC performs primary processing of the operation data of each wind turbine T in response to the data processing start command transmitted from the wind farm controller 10 (step S212), and wind farms the result of the primary processing. -It may be sent to the controller 10 (step S213). In this way, in response to the data processing start command transmitted by the wind farm controller 10 as the data processing start command unit, each local controller LC performs the primary processing of the operation data including the outputs of the plurality of wind turbines T. The result of the primary processing is transmitted from each local controller LC to the wind farm controller 10. As a result, the operator of the wind farm controller 10 can collect the operation data of each wind turbine T at a required timing as needed, and based on the result of the collected primary processing, for example, of each wind turbine T. At least one of the limit value related to the pitch angle or the output or the command value related to the azimuth angle or the wind direction deviation can be transmitted to each local controller LC.

In some embodiments, the wind farm controller 10 takes at least one of the windward Ts to be optimized, for example, as shown in FIG. 12 above, in the step of performing the optimization process (see step S202). Change the setting Change the control setting of the wind farm T (see step S101), and change the setting for each of the one or more leeward wind farms T located downstream of each setting change wind farm T among the wind farms T to be optimized. The delay time t until the effect of the change in the control setting of the wind turbine T reaches the leeward wind farm is calculated (see step S102), and the evaluation value L including at least the total output of the wind farm T to be optimized is obtained (step S103). (Refer to), the control setting may be updated for one or more wind turbines T among the wind turbines T to be optimized based on the evaluation value L (see step S104).
In some embodiments, the wind farm controller 10 is delayed from the time when the control setting of the setting change wind turbine T is changed when obtaining the evaluation value L (see step S103), for example, as shown in FIG. 13 described above. Even if the total output of the wind turbine T to be optimized is calculated using each output of the leeward wind turbine T after the time t has elapsed (see step S111), and the evaluation value L is obtained from the calculation result of the total output. Good (see step S112).

According to some of the embodiments described above, the wind farm controller 10 is a control device different from the SCADA server 4 that collects information from the plurality of local control devices LC, and the wind farm controller 10 is used as a plurality of control devices via the network hub 3. Each is connected to the local controller LC. That is, by providing the wind farm controller 10 separately from the SCADA server 4, the plurality of local control devices LC and SCADA servers 4 corresponding to the plurality of wind turbines T in the existing wind farm and their connections are centrally relayed. The operation of the existing wind farm can be optimized by a simple configuration in which the wind farm controller 10 is additionally installed on the network hub 3 without changing the function of the network hub 3.

The wind farm controller 10 according to some of the above-described embodiments may be provided with a plurality of information processing devices. These information processing devices may perform each of these processes in a distributed manner.
Further, by recording a program for executing each process of some of the above-described embodiments on a computer-readable recording medium, and causing the computer system to read and execute the program recorded on the recording medium, the program is executed. The various processes described above may be performed.

The "computer system" referred to here may include hardware such as an OS (Operating System) and peripheral devices. Further, the "computer system" includes a homepage providing environment (or display environment) when using a WWW (World Wide Web) system. The "computer-readable recording medium" is a flexible disk, a photomagnetic disk, a ROM (Read-only Memory), a writable non-volatile memory such as a flash memory, and a portable CD (Compact Disc) -ROM or the like. A storage device such as a medium or a hard disk built in a computer system.

Furthermore, the "computer-readable recording medium" is a volatile memory inside a computer system that serves as a server or client when a program is transmitted via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line (for example, DRAM (Dynamic)). It also includes those that hold the program for a certain period of time, such as Random Access Memory)). Further, the program may be transmitted from a computer system in which this program is stored in a storage device or the like to another computer system via a transmission medium or by a transmission wave in the transmission medium. Here, the "transmission medium" for transmitting a program refers to a medium having a function of transmitting information, such as a network (communication network) such as the Internet or a communication line (communication line) such as a telephone line. Further, the above program may be for realizing a part of the above-mentioned functions. Further, it may be a so-called difference file (difference program) that can realize the above-mentioned function in combination with a program already recorded in the computer system.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and includes a modified form of the above-described embodiment and a combination of these embodiments.

1 Wind farm 2 Signal line 3 Network hub 4 SCADA server (central control unit)
10 Wind farm controller (wind farm controller)
11 CPU
12 RAM
13 ROM
14 Bus 15 Output calculation program 16 First output optimization program (operation control program / perturbation assignment unit / evaluation value calculation unit / update unit)
17 Second output optimization program (operation control program / setting change unit / delay time calculation unit / evaluation value calculation unit / setting update unit)
18 Database 21 Yaw motor 22 Yaw brake drive actuator 23 Pitch drive actuator 24 Pitch brake drive actuator 31 Wind direction sensor 32 Wind speed sensor 33 Load sensor 40 Controller 41 Plant (control target)
42 Control Goal 43 Optimization Tool 51 CPU
52 RAM
53 ROM
54 Bus 55 Safety control program (Safety control unit)
102 Blade 104 Hub 105 Rotor (rotor)
106 Spindle 107 Spindle bearing 108 Drivetrain 109 Output shaft 110 Generator 112 Nacelle 114 Nacelle base plate 116 Tower 118 Yaw swivel bearing 119 Yaw swivel mechanism T, T1 to Tn Wind turbine LC1 to LCn Local controller

Claims (11)

With multiple windmills
A plurality of controls provided for each of the plurality of wind turbines to prevent at least one of overspeed or overpower of each of the wind turbines, or at least one control of cutout control of each of the wind turbines. With a local controller,
The optimization process for increasing the total output of the plurality of wind turbines is performed, and the limit value for the pitch angle of each of the wind turbines or the limit value for the output is set for each local control device based on the result of the optimization process. With a wind farm controller configured to give
A wind farm characterized by being equipped with. A central control unit for collecting information from at least the plurality of local control devices, and
A network hub provided between the central control unit and the plurality of local control devices,
With more
The wind farm according to claim 1, wherein the wind farm control device is configured to be able to communicate with the plurality of local control devices via the network hub. With multiple windmills
A plurality of controls provided for each of the plurality of wind turbines to prevent at least one of overspeed or overpower of each of the wind turbines, or at least one control of cutout control of each of the wind turbines. With a local controller,
An optimization process for increasing the total output of the plurality of wind turbines is performed, and a limit value regarding the pitch angle or output of each of the wind turbines, or a command regarding an azimuth angle or a wind direction deviation is performed based on the result of the optimization process. A wind farm controller configured to give at least one of the values to each said local controller.
With
Each of the local control devices performs a primary process, which is data processing performed prior to the optimization process, on the operation data of each of the wind turbines, and transfers the result of the primary process to the wind farm control device. characterized by being configured to send and to Lu Indofamu. With multiple windmills
A plurality of controls provided for each of the plurality of wind turbines to prevent at least one of overspeed or overpower of each of the wind turbines, or at least one control of cutout control of each of the wind turbines. With a local controller,
The optimization processing of the plurality of wind turbines is performed, and at least one of the limit value regarding the pitch angle or output of each of the wind turbines or the command value regarding the azimuth angle or wind direction deviation is set based on the result of the optimization processing. Wind farm controller configured to provide to said local controller of
With
The wind farm control device is
Setting change of at least one of the wind turbines to be optimized A setting change unit for changing the control setting of the wind turbine,
For each of the one or more leeward wind turbines located downstream of each of the setting change wind turbines among the optimization target wind turbines, the influence of the change of the control setting of the setting change wind turbine reaches the leeward side wind turbine. A delay time calculation unit for calculating the delay time until
An evaluation value calculation unit for obtaining an evaluation value including at least the total output of the wind turbine to be optimized, and an evaluation value calculation unit.
Based on the evaluation value, a setting update unit for updating control settings for one or more of the wind turbines to be optimized, and a setting update unit.
Including
The evaluation value calculation unit calculates the total output of the wind turbine to be optimized by using the output of each of the leeward wind turbines after the delay time has elapsed from the time when the control setting of the setting change wind turbine is changed. A wind farm characterized in that the evaluation value is obtained from the calculation result of the total output. The wind farm control device causes the plurality of local control devices to start executing primary processing, which is data processing performed prior to the optimization processing, for operation data including outputs of the plurality of wind turbines. Includes a data processing start command unit for sending data processing start commands
According to claim 4, each of the local control devices is configured to perform the primary processing of the operation data of each of the wind turbines and send the result of the primary processing to the wind farm control device. The listed wind farm. The at least one setting change wind turbine is
The first setting change windmill and
The second setting change wind turbine located downstream of the first setting change wind turbine and
Including
The setting change part
Until the influence of the change of the control setting of the first setting change wind turbine reaches the second setting change wind turbine, the previous value of the control setting of the second setting change wind turbine is retained.
A claim characterized in that the control setting of the second setting change wind turbine is changed when the influence of the change of the control setting of the first setting change wind turbine reaches the second setting change wind turbine. Item 4. Wind farm according to item 4 or 5. The wind farm according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the control setting includes at least one of a power generation output command, a pitch angle command, or a directional command of each of the wind turbines. A method of operating a wind farm including a plurality of wind turbines, a plurality of local control devices provided for each of the plurality of wind turbines, and a wind farm control device for performing optimization processing of the plurality of wind turbines. ,
A step of controlling at least one of overspeed or overpower of each of the wind turbines or at least one control of cutout control of each of the wind turbines by each of the local control devices.
A step of performing optimization processing for increasing the total output of the plurality of wind turbines by the wind farm control device, and
A step of giving a limit value regarding the pitch angle or a limit value regarding the output of each of the wind turbines from the wind farm controller to each of the local controllers based on the result of the optimization process.
A method of operating a wind farm characterized by being equipped with. A method of operating a wind farm including a plurality of wind turbines, a plurality of local control devices provided for each of the plurality of wind turbines, and a wind farm control device for performing optimization processing of the plurality of wind turbines. ,
A step of controlling at least one of overspeed or overpower of each of the wind turbines or at least one control of cutout control of each of the wind turbines by each of the local control devices.
A step of performing optimization processing for increasing the total output of the plurality of wind turbines by the wind farm control device, and
Based on the result of the optimization process, at least one of the limit value regarding the pitch angle or output of each of the wind turbines or the command value regarding the azimuth angle or wind direction deviation is transferred from the wind farm controller to each local controller. Steps to give and
With
A step of performing primary processing, which is data processing prior to the optimization processing, on the operation data of each of the wind turbines by each of the local control devices.
Features and to roux Indofamu method of operating further comprising the steps of: sending a result of said primary treatment to the wind farm control system. A method of operating a wind farm including a plurality of wind turbines, a plurality of local control devices provided for each of the plurality of wind turbines, and a wind farm control device for performing optimization processing of the plurality of wind turbines. ,
A step of controlling at least one of overspeed or overpower of each of the wind turbines or at least one control of cutout control of each of the wind turbines by each of the local control devices.
A step of optimizing the plurality of wind turbines by the wind farm control device, and
Based on the result of the optimization process, at least one of the limit value regarding the pitch angle or output of each of the wind turbines or the command value regarding the azimuth angle or wind direction deviation is transferred from the wind farm controller to each local controller. Steps to give and
With
In the step of performing the optimization process,
Change the settings of at least one of the wind turbines to be optimized. Change the control settings of the wind turbine.
For each of the one or more leeward wind turbines located downstream of each of the setting change wind turbines among the optimization target wind turbines, the influence of the change of the control setting of the setting change wind turbine reaches the leeward side wind turbine. Calculate the delay time until
Obtaining an evaluation value including at least the total output of the wind turbine to be optimized,
Based on the evaluation value, the control settings are updated for one or more of the wind turbines to be optimized, and the control settings are updated.
When obtaining the evaluation value, the total output of the wind turbine to be optimized is calculated by using the output of each of the leeward wind turbines after the delay time has elapsed from the time when the control setting of the setting change wind turbine is changed. and, it features and to roux Indofamu method of operating that obtains the evaluation value from the calculation result of said total output. The wind farm control device causes the plurality of local control devices to start executing primary processing, which is data processing performed prior to the optimization processing, for operation data including the outputs of the plurality of wind turbines. Send a data processing start command,
The wind farm according to claim 10, wherein each of the local control devices performs the primary processing of the operation data of each of the wind turbines, and sends the result of the primary processing to the wind farm control device. how to drive.

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