JP6864522B2 - pellet - Google Patents
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- JP6864522B2 JP6864522B2 JP2017072384A JP2017072384A JP6864522B2 JP 6864522 B2 JP6864522 B2 JP 6864522B2 JP 2017072384 A JP2017072384 A JP 2017072384A JP 2017072384 A JP2017072384 A JP 2017072384A JP 6864522 B2 JP6864522 B2 JP 6864522B2
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Description
本発明は、パラベン類を含有するペレットに関する。 The present invention relates to pellets containing parabens.
近年、機能性を備えた樹脂からなる加工製品が増加しており、特に、抗菌機能を備えた樹脂からなる抗菌加工製品が一般家庭においても広く使用されている。樹脂に抗菌機能を付加させる手段としては、樹脂表面に抗菌剤含有の塗料を塗付する方法や、樹脂中に抗菌剤を混在させる方法等が知られている。 In recent years, the number of processed products made of functional resins has increased, and in particular, antibacterial processed products made of resins having antibacterial functions are widely used in ordinary households. As a means for adding an antibacterial function to the resin, a method of applying a paint containing an antibacterial agent to the resin surface, a method of mixing an antibacterial agent in the resin, and the like are known.
このような用途に用いられる抗菌剤としては、抗菌機能が高く安全性の高い銀系抗菌剤や亜鉛系抗菌剤等の無機系抗菌剤が使用されている(特許文献1、特許文献2)。 As antibacterial agents used for such applications, inorganic antibacterial agents such as silver-based antibacterial agents and zinc-based antibacterial agents having high antibacterial function and high safety are used (Patent Documents 1 and 2).
しかし、無機系抗菌剤を樹脂に混在させる場合、抗菌剤は無機物固体であるため、熱可塑性の有機物の樹脂中では分散性が劣る。そこで、従来の樹脂中への混練手段としては、製品素材の樹脂と同一の樹脂に、一旦抗菌剤を高濃度で混在させ、粒状に形成した抗菌マスターバッチを形成し、製品成形時の樹脂素材中に前記の抗菌マスターバッチを所定量混合する方法が提案されている。しかしながら、抗菌マスターバッチを用いた場合においても、無機系抗菌剤の分散性が必ずしも十分であるといえず、また、光による無機系抗菌剤の変色や白濁、あるいは樹脂自体の物性の低下を招く等の問題があった。 However, when an inorganic antibacterial agent is mixed with the resin, the antibacterial agent is an inorganic solid, so that the dispersibility is inferior in the thermoplastic organic resin. Therefore, as a conventional method of kneading into a resin, an antibacterial agent is once mixed in the same resin as the resin of the product material at a high concentration to form an antibacterial masterbatch formed into granules, and the resin material at the time of product molding is formed. A method of mixing a predetermined amount of the antibacterial masterbatch therein has been proposed. However, even when the antibacterial masterbatch is used, the dispersibility of the inorganic antibacterial agent is not always sufficient, and the inorganic antibacterial agent is discolored or clouded by light, or the physical properties of the resin itself are deteriorated. There was a problem such as.
一方、有機系抗菌剤は、無機系抗菌剤と比較して種々の樹脂と相溶性が高いものが多く、樹脂との混練や均一な分散が容易であるといった利点があり、例えば、天然由来の抗菌剤を樹脂に含有させる方法が提案されている(特許文献3)。しかしながら、有機系抗菌剤は一般的に揮発性が高く、樹脂との溶融混練が困難であったり、樹脂と混在させることで抗菌性が著しく低下してしまうといった問題があった。また、人体への安全性が十分に確認されていないものも多く、アレルギー等の問題を引き起こす原因にも成り得ていた。そのため、有機系抗菌剤を樹脂中に使用した製品は無機系抗菌剤を樹脂中に使用した製品と比較して少なかった。 On the other hand, many organic antibacterial agents have higher compatibility with various resins than inorganic antibacterial agents, and have advantages such as easy kneading with resins and uniform dispersion. For example, naturally derived antibacterial agents. A method of incorporating an antibacterial agent into a resin has been proposed (Patent Document 3). However, organic antibacterial agents generally have high volatility, and there are problems that it is difficult to melt and knead with a resin, and that the antibacterial property is remarkably lowered when mixed with a resin. In addition, many of them have not been sufficiently confirmed to be safe for the human body, which could be a cause of problems such as allergies. Therefore, the number of products using an organic antibacterial agent in the resin was smaller than that of products using an inorganic antibacterial agent in the resin.
本発明の目的は、安全性および抗菌性などの機能性に優れ、機能剤が均一に分散されたペレットを提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide pellets having excellent functionality such as safety and antibacterial properties and in which functional agents are uniformly dispersed.
本発明者らは、機能性を有するペレットについて鋭意検討した結果、粒子径5μm以下のパラベン(パラヒドロキシ安息香酸エステル)類の粒子を熱可塑性樹脂に分散させることにより、安全性および抗菌性などの機能性に優れ、機能剤が均一に分散されたペレットが得られることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 As a result of diligent studies on functional pellets, the present inventors have observed that particles of parabens (parahydroxybenzoic acid esters) having a particle size of 5 μm or less are dispersed in a thermoplastic resin to improve safety and antibacterial properties. We have found that pellets having excellent functionality and uniformly dispersed functional agents can be obtained, and have completed the present invention.
すなわち本発明は、熱可塑性樹脂および式(1)で表される化合物を含有し、機能剤としての式(1)で表される化合物が熱可塑性樹脂中に粒子径5μm以下の粒子として分散したペレットを提供する。
本発明のペレット(以下、抗菌ペレットと呼ぶ場合もある)は安全性および抗菌性などの機能性に優れるため、人体と接触する製品にも使用することができる。また、本発明のペレットは機能剤が均一に分散されているため、本発明のペレットからなる成形品、中空成形体、フィルム、シートおよび繊維製品等は、製品の部位による機能性の偏りが少ない。 Since the pellet of the present invention (hereinafter, also referred to as antibacterial pellet) is excellent in functionality such as safety and antibacterial property, it can also be used in a product that comes into contact with the human body. Further, since the functional agent is uniformly dispersed in the pellet of the present invention, the molded product, hollow molded product, film, sheet, textile product, etc. made of the pellet of the present invention have less bias in functionality depending on the part of the product. ..
本発明に使用する熱可塑性樹脂としては、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ポリオキシメチレン、ポリアミド、ポリカーボネート、ポリ塩化ビニル、アクリロニトリル−ブタジエン−スチレン共重合樹脂(ABS樹脂)、アクリロニトリル−スチレン共重合樹脂(AS樹脂)、ポリエステルおよび熱可塑性エラストマーからなる群から選択される1種以上の樹脂またはその共重合樹脂が挙げられ、中でも式(1)で表される化合物との相溶性に優れる点で、ポリプロピレンまたはポリエチレンが好ましい。 Examples of the thermoplastic resin used in the present invention include polypropylene, polyethylene, polyoxymethylene, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin (ABS resin), and acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer resin (AS resin). , One or more resins selected from the group consisting of polyesters and thermoplastic elastomers or copolymer resins thereof. Among them, polypropylene or polyethylene is excellent in compatibility with the compound represented by the formula (1). preferable.
式(1)で表される化合物において、R1は、好ましくは水素原子、ナトリウムまたはカリウムであり、より好ましくは水素原子である。 In the compound represented by the formula (1), R 1 is preferably a hydrogen atom, sodium or potassium, and more preferably a hydrogen atom.
式(1)で表される化合物において、R2は、好ましくは炭素原子数1〜6のアルキル基またはアリール基であり、より好ましくはメチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ヘキシル基またはベンジル基であり、さらに好ましくはブチル基またはヘキシル基である。 In the compound represented by the formula (1), R 2 is preferably an alkyl group or an aryl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and more preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a hexyl group or a group. It is a benzyl group, more preferably a butyl group or a hexyl group.
本発明に使用する式(1)で表される化合物の具体例としては、4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸メチル、4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸エチル、4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸プロピル、4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸ブチル、4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸ヘキシルおよび4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸ベンジルからなる群から選択される1種以上が挙げられ、抗菌性が高く、難昇華性であることから4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸ブチルおよび4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸ヘキシルが好ましい。 Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (1) used in the present invention include methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, 4-. One or more selected from the group consisting of hexyl hydroxybenzoate and benzyl 4-hydroxybenzoate can be mentioned, and butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate and hexyl 4-hydroxybenzoate are highly antibacterial and difficult to sublimate. Is preferable.
式(1)で表される化合物を得る方法は特に限定されないが、市販されているものでもよく、あるいは、触媒の存在下、4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸と炭素原子数1〜10の脂肪族アルコールまたはアリールアルコールとの反応によって得られたものを用いてもよい。 The method for obtaining the compound represented by the formula (1) is not particularly limited, but a commercially available compound may be used, or 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and an aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 10 carbon atoms may be used in the presence of a catalyst. Those obtained by reaction with an aryl alcohol may be used.
本発明のペレットは、熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対して式(1)で表される化合物を0.5〜30質量部含有するのが好ましく、1〜20質量部含有するのがより好ましく、3〜15質量部含有するのがさらに好ましく、5〜15質量部含有するのが特に好ましい。また、熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対して式(1)で表される化合物の含有量が0.5質量部未満であると、抗菌性などの機能性が発揮されず、およびペレットのマスターバッチとしての使用が困難になる傾向があり、30質量部を超えると、樹脂としての物性に問題が生じ、および式(1)で表される化合物がペレット中に沈殿又は凝集するおそれがある。 The pellet of the present invention preferably contains 0.5 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 20 parts by mass of the compound represented by the formula (1) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin. It is more preferably contained in an amount of 3 to 15 parts by mass, and particularly preferably contained in an amount of 5 to 15 parts by mass. Further, if the content of the compound represented by the formula (1) is less than 0.5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin, functionality such as antibacterial property is not exhibited, and the pellet masterbatch. If it exceeds 30 parts by mass, the physical properties of the resin may be problematic, and the compound represented by the formula (1) may precipitate or aggregate in the pellets.
本発明のペレットは抗菌機能の他、抗カビ、防藻およびダニ等に対する防虫機能を有する。 In addition to the antibacterial function, the pellet of the present invention has an antifungal, algae-proof and insect-proof function against mites and the like.
本発明のペレットは、熱可塑性樹脂および式(1)で表される化合物以外に、添加剤を含有していてもよく、添加剤としては、着色剤、難燃剤、熱安定剤、可塑剤、光安定剤(紫外線吸収剤等)、帯電防止剤、分散剤、離型剤等の各種添加剤、繊維状強化剤等の強化剤、および粉末増量剤等の充填剤からなる群から選択される一種以上が挙げられる。ただし、当該化合物の担体となるような無機物やペレット化の際に溶融しない有機物は、化合物の微粒子化による均一分散性の点で担持させないほうがより効果的である。 The pellet of the present invention may contain an additive in addition to the thermoplastic resin and the compound represented by the formula (1), and the additive includes a colorant, a flame retardant, a heat stabilizer, a plasticizer, and the like. Selected from the group consisting of various additives such as light stabilizers (ultraviolet absorbers, etc.), antistatic agents, dispersants, mold release agents, reinforcing agents such as fibrous reinforcing agents, and fillers such as powder bulking agents. One or more can be mentioned. However, it is more effective not to support an inorganic substance that serves as a carrier of the compound or an organic substance that does not melt during pelletization in terms of uniform dispersibility due to micronization of the compound.
本発明のペレットの形状としては、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、角柱状、球状、円柱状等とすることができる。ペレットの大きさとしては、角柱状の場合は最大辺の長さが1〜20mmであることが好ましく、球状の場合は粒子径が1〜20mmであることが好ましく、円柱状の場合は直径が1.5〜5mm、高さが1.5〜5mmであることが好ましい。ペレットの大きさが上記範囲内にあることで、取扱性が向上し、ペレットの包装作業等が容易になる。また、上記ペレットは粒子径が0.1〜1mmである微粒子からなるパウダーとして用いることもできる。パウダーは、ペレットを公知の微粉砕機を用いて得ることができる。 The shape of the pellet of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a prismatic shape, a spherical shape, a columnar shape, or the like. As for the size of the pellet, the maximum side length is preferably 1 to 20 mm in the case of a prismatic shape, the particle size is preferably 1 to 20 mm in the case of a spherical shape, and the diameter is preferably 1 to 20 mm in the case of a columnar shape. It is preferably 1.5 to 5 mm and the height is preferably 1.5 to 5 mm. When the size of the pellets is within the above range, the handleability is improved and the pellet packaging work and the like are facilitated. Further, the pellet can also be used as a powder composed of fine particles having a particle size of 0.1 to 1 mm. The powder can be obtained by using a known fine grinder for pellets.
本発明のペレットの製造方法としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、式(1)で表される化合物と熱可塑性樹脂とを含有させた樹脂組成物(以下、樹脂組成物1ともいう)を押出成形によりシート状に成形し、この得られたシート状成形物をカッター等により適度な大きさに切断してペレットに加工する方法等を用いることができる。 The method for producing pellets of the present invention is not particularly limited, but for example, a resin composition containing a compound represented by the formula (1) and a thermoplastic resin (hereinafter, also referred to as resin composition 1) is extruded. A method can be used in which the sheet-shaped molded product is formed into a sheet by molding, and the obtained sheet-shaped molded product is cut into an appropriate size by a cutter or the like and processed into pellets.
本発明のペレットを構成する樹脂組成物1は、熱可塑性樹脂および式(1)で表される化合物を混合することによって製造することができる。混合は、熱可塑性樹脂と式(1)で表される化合物を溶融混合させることによって行ってもよく、式(1)で表される化合物を溶媒に溶解させた状態で、加熱溶融させた樹脂と混合し、溶融樹脂から溶媒を気体の状態で除去することによって行ってもよい。 The resin composition 1 constituting the pellet of the present invention can be produced by mixing a thermoplastic resin and a compound represented by the formula (1). The mixing may be carried out by melting and mixing the thermoplastic resin and the compound represented by the formula (1), or the resin obtained by heating and melting the compound represented by the formula (1) in a solvent. It may be carried out by mixing with and removing the solvent from the molten resin in a gaseous state.
熱可塑性樹脂と式(1)で表される化合物を溶融混合する場合、例えばタンブラーブレンダー、ヘンシェルミキサー又はスーパーミキサーのような混合機で予め均一に混合した後、単軸押出機や多軸押出機で溶融混練し、押出されたストランドをカッター等で切断して造粒する方法や、ニーダーやバンバリーミキサー等で溶融混練した後に押出機を用いて造粒する方法等が挙げられる。 When the thermoplastic resin and the compound represented by the formula (1) are melt-mixed, they are uniformly mixed in advance with a mixer such as a tumbler blender, a Henschel mixer or a super mixer, and then a single-screw extruder or a multi-screw extruder. Examples thereof include a method of melt-kneading with a cutter and cutting the extruded strands with a cutter or the like to granulate, and a method of melt-kneading with a kneader or a Banbury mixer and then granulating with an extruder.
加熱条件は、用いる熱可塑性樹脂や式(1)で表される化合物、添加剤の種類や配合量、或いは用いる混合機の条件等によっても相違するので、一概には規定できないが、用いる熱可塑性樹脂の結晶融解温度以上、熱可塑性樹脂および当該化合物の劣化温度未満の温度で1〜600秒加熱されることが望ましい。 The heating conditions differ depending on the thermoplastic resin used, the compound represented by the formula (1), the type and blending amount of the additive, the conditions of the mixer used, and the like, and therefore cannot be unconditionally specified, but the thermoplastic used. It is desirable to heat for 1 to 600 seconds at a temperature equal to or higher than the crystal melting temperature of the resin and lower than the deterioration temperature of the thermoplastic resin and the compound.
式(1)で表される化合物を溶媒に溶解させた状態で、加熱溶融させた樹脂と混合する場合、溶媒としては、式(1)で表される化合物を溶解させるものであれば特に限定されないが、有機溶剤、例えばメタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、イソプロパノール、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、トルエン、キシレン、メシチレン、ジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン、ジフェニルエーテル、ジメチルスルホキシド、N,N―ジメチルホルムアミド、N−メチルピロリドン、ジクロロメタン、1,2−ジクロロエタン、クロロホルム、四塩化炭素等が挙げられる。 When the compound represented by the formula (1) is dissolved in a solvent and mixed with the resin melted by heating, the solvent is particularly limited as long as it dissolves the compound represented by the formula (1). Not, but organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, toluene, xylene, mesitylene, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, diphenyl ether, dimethyl sulfoxide, N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone. , Dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and the like.
式(1)で表される化合物を溶媒に溶解させる温度としては特に限定されないが、例えば10〜80℃であってよい。また、式(1)で表される化合物は、溶媒100質量部に対し、例えば10〜200質量部の範囲の量で溶解させることができる。 The temperature at which the compound represented by the formula (1) is dissolved in the solvent is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 10 to 80 ° C. Further, the compound represented by the formula (1) can be dissolved in 100 parts by mass of the solvent in an amount in the range of, for example, 10 to 200 parts by mass.
混合された式(1)で表される化合物は、熱可塑性樹脂中に粒子径が5μm以下の粒子として分散した状態、すなわち、粒子径が5μmを超える粒子がない状態である。熱可塑性樹脂中の式(1)で表される化合物の粒子径が5μmを超えると、十分な抗菌性などの機能性が得られ難くなる傾向がある。熱可塑性樹脂中の式(1)で表される化合物は、熱可塑性樹脂中において好ましくは粒子径が2.5μm以下の粒子として分散した状態、より好ましくは粒子径が1μm以下の粒子として分散した状態、さらに好ましくは粒子径が0.1μm以下の粒子として分散した状態である。粒子の状態は、走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)で観察して確認することができる。粒子径の測定は、走査電子顕微鏡像において、一つの粒子について最大寸法となる2点間距離を測定する画像解析法により行った。ペレット中の式(1)で表される化合物の粒子径は、成形品等の製造過程を経ても変化し難い傾向がある。したがって、ペレット中における式(1)で表される化合物の粒子径と、ペレットを用いて製造した成形品等における式(1)で表される化合物の粒子径とは、ほぼ同一となる。 The mixed compound represented by the formula (1) is in a state of being dispersed as particles having a particle size of 5 μm or less in the thermoplastic resin, that is, a state in which there are no particles having a particle size of more than 5 μm. If the particle size of the compound represented by the formula (1) in the thermoplastic resin exceeds 5 μm, it tends to be difficult to obtain functionality such as sufficient antibacterial properties. The compound represented by the formula (1) in the thermoplastic resin is preferably dispersed as particles having a particle size of 2.5 μm or less, and more preferably dispersed as particles having a particle size of 1 μm or less in the thermoplastic resin. A state, more preferably a state in which the particles are dispersed as particles having a particle size of 0.1 μm or less. The state of the particles can be confirmed by observing with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The particle size was measured by an image analysis method that measures the distance between two points, which is the maximum dimension for one particle, in a scanning electron microscope image. The particle size of the compound represented by the formula (1) in the pellet tends to be difficult to change even through the manufacturing process of a molded product or the like. Therefore, the particle size of the compound represented by the formula (1) in the pellet and the particle size of the compound represented by the formula (1) in the molded product or the like produced by using the pellet are substantially the same.
本発明のペレットは式(1)で表される化合物が均一に分散されているため、当該化合物の有する抗菌性などの機能を均一に具備するので、成形品、中空成形体、フィルム、シートおよび繊維製品等の材料として好適に用いられる。尚、本発明における抗菌活性値はJIS Z 2801 : 2010に準拠して測定したものである。 Since the pellet represented by the formula (1) is uniformly dispersed in the pellet of the present invention, it uniformly has functions such as antibacterial properties of the compound. It is suitably used as a material for textile products and the like. The antibacterial activity value in the present invention was measured in accordance with JIS Z 2801: 2010.
本発明のペレットは、ベース樹脂と混合することなくそのまま使用することにより、またはベース樹脂と混合してマスターバッチとして使用することにより、成形品、中空成形体、フィルム、シートおよび繊維製品等へ成形することができる。本発明のペレットはマスターバッチとして使用することが好ましい。本発明において、マスターバッチとは、式(1)で表される化合物を熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対して1質量部以上の高濃度に含有したペレットのことをいい、式(1)で表される化合物を含有しないベース樹脂に混合され、ベース樹脂と共に成形される。マスターバッチを用いると、式(1)で表される化合物を直接ベース樹脂に添加して成形することと比較して、材料の取り扱い性が容易で秤量精度も向上する。また、マスターバッチを用いると、汎用の成形機を用いて、式(1)で表される化合物の微粒子を含有する成形体を製造できるという利点も有する。 The pellet of the present invention can be molded into a molded product, a hollow molded product, a film, a sheet, a textile product, etc. by using it as it is without mixing it with the base resin or by mixing it with the base resin and using it as a masterbatch. can do. The pellet of the present invention is preferably used as a masterbatch. In the present invention, the masterbatch refers to pellets containing the compound represented by the formula (1) at a high concentration of 1 part by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin, and is represented by the formula (1). It is mixed with a base resin that does not contain the compound to be molded, and molded together with the base resin. When the masterbatch is used, the handleability of the material is easy and the weighing accuracy is improved as compared with the case where the compound represented by the formula (1) is directly added to the base resin for molding. Further, when the masterbatch is used, there is an advantage that a molded product containing fine particles of the compound represented by the formula (1) can be produced by using a general-purpose molding machine.
ベース樹脂の例としては、ペレット(すなわちマスターバッチ)に用いる熱可塑性樹脂として上述したものが挙げられる。ベース樹脂としては、マスターバッチに含有される熱可塑性樹脂と同一のものであってもよく、異なったものでもよく、とりわけマスターバッチに含有される熱可塑性樹脂と相溶性の高いものが好ましい。 Examples of the base resin include those described above as the thermoplastic resin used for pellets (that is, masterbatch). The base resin may be the same as or different from the thermoplastic resin contained in the masterbatch, and a resin having high compatibility with the thermoplastic resin contained in the masterbatch is particularly preferable.
マスターバッチのベース樹脂への配合量は、マスターバッチ中の式(1)で表される化合物およびその量によって適宜変更することが可能であり、マスターバッチを樹脂に例えば2倍〜40倍に希釈して混合するのが望ましい。上記範囲よりもマスターバッチ量が少ない場合には、成形体に十分な抗菌性能を付与することができず、一方上記範囲よりもマスターバッチ量が多い場合には、成形性に劣るおそれがある。 The amount of the masterbatch blended into the base resin can be appropriately changed depending on the compound represented by the formula (1) in the masterbatch and the amount thereof, and the masterbatch is diluted with the resin, for example, 2 to 40 times. It is desirable to mix them. If the amount of masterbatch is smaller than the above range, sufficient antibacterial performance cannot be imparted to the molded product, while if the amount of masterbatch is larger than the above range, the moldability may be inferior.
マスターバッチをベース樹脂に配合してなる樹脂組成物(以下、樹脂組成物2ともいう)またはペレットを、二本ロール法、射出成形、押出成形、圧縮成形等の従来公知の溶融成形に付することにより、最終成形品の用途に応じた形状、例えば成形品、中空成形体、フィルム、シートおよび繊維製品等の抗菌性成形体を得ることができる。すなわち、本発明の成形品、中空成形体、フィルム、シートおよび繊維製品は、ペレットから直接構成されたものであってもよく、マスターバッチとしてのペレットとベース樹脂とから構成されたものであってもよい。
本発明の好ましい態様は以下を包含する。
〔1〕熱可塑性樹脂および式(1)で表される化合物を含有し、該化合物が熱可塑性樹脂中に粒子径5μm以下の粒子として分散したペレット。
[化1]
(R 1 は水素原子またはアルカリ金属、R 2 は炭素原子数1〜10のアルキル基またはアリール基を示す。)
〔2〕熱可塑性樹脂がポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ポリオキシメチレン、ポリアミド、ポリカーボネート、ポリ塩化ビニル、アクリロニトリル−ブタジエン−スチレン共重合樹脂、アクリロニトリル−スチレン共重合樹脂、ポリエステルおよび熱可塑性エラストマーからなる群から選択される1種以上である、〔1〕に記載のペレット。
〔3〕熱可塑性樹脂がポリプロピレンまたはポリエチレンである、〔1〕または〔2〕に記載のペレット。
〔4〕式(1)で表される化合物が4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸メチル、4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸エチル、4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸プロピル、4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸ブチル、4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸ヘキシルおよび4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸ベンジルからなる群から選択される1種以上である、〔1〕〜〔3〕のいずれかに記載のペレット。
〔5〕式(1)で表される化合物が4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸ブチルまたは4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸ヘキシルである、〔1〕〜〔4〕のいずれかに記載のペレット。
〔6〕熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対して式(1)で表される化合物を0.5〜30質量部含有する、〔1〕〜〔5〕のいずれかに記載のペレット。
〔7〕〔1〕〜〔6〕のいずれかに記載のペレットから構成される成形品、中空成形体、フィルム、シートまたは繊維製品。
〔8〕〔1〕〜〔6〕のいずれかに記載のペレットのマスターバッチとしての使用。
A resin composition (hereinafter, also referred to as resin composition 2) or pellet obtained by blending a master batch with a base resin is subjected to conventionally known melt molding such as double roll method, injection molding, extrusion molding, and compression molding. This makes it possible to obtain an antibacterial molded product having a shape suitable for the intended use of the final molded product, for example, a molded product, a hollow molded product, a film, a sheet, a textile product, or the like. That is, the molded article, hollow molded article, film, sheet and textile product of the present invention may be directly composed of pellets, or may be composed of pellets as a masterbatch and a base resin. May be good.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention include:
[1] A pellet containing a thermoplastic resin and a compound represented by the formula (1), in which the compound is dispersed as particles having a particle size of 5 μm or less in the thermoplastic resin.
[Chemical 1]
(R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal, and R 2 represents an alkyl group or an aryl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.)
[2] The thermoplastic resin is selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyoxymethylene, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer resin, polyester and thermoplastic elastomer. The pellet according to [1], which is one or more of the following types.
[3] The pellet according to [1] or [2], wherein the thermoplastic resin is polypropylene or polyethylene.
[4] The compounds represented by the formula (1) are methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, hexyl 4-hydroxybenzoate and 4-hydroxybenzoate. The pellet according to any one of [1] to [3], which is one or more selected from the group consisting of benzyl hydroxybenzoate.
[5] The pellet according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the compound represented by the formula (1) is butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate or hexyl 4-hydroxybenzoate.
[6] The pellet according to any one of [1] to [5], which contains 0.5 to 30 parts by mass of the compound represented by the formula (1) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin.
[7] A molded article, hollow molded article, film, sheet or textile product composed of the pellets according to any one of [1] to [6].
[8] Use of the pellet according to any one of [1] to [6] as a masterbatch.
以下、実施例により本発明を詳述するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
実施例および比較例に用いた抗菌剤A〜D、ならびに各測定方法を以下に示す。
≪抗菌剤A≫
4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸ブチルエステル(4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸とブチルアルコールとを触媒の存在下で反応させることにより得た)
≪抗菌剤B≫
4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸ヘキシルエステル(4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸とヘキシルアルコールとを触媒の存在下で反応させることにより得た)
≪抗菌剤C≫
ゼオライト銀(富士ケミカル社製、商品名:バクテライト、品番:MP−102SVC13)
≪抗菌剤D≫
ベヘン酸銀(東京化成工業社製)
The antibacterial agents A to D used in Examples and Comparative Examples, and each measuring method are shown below.
≪Antibacterial agent A≫
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester (obtained by reacting 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with butyl alcohol in the presence of a catalyst)
≪Antibacterial agent B≫
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid hexyl ester (obtained by reacting 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with hexyl alcohol in the presence of a catalyst)
≪Antibacterial agent C≫
Zeolite silver (manufactured by Fuji Chemical Co., Ltd., product name: Bacterite, product number: MP-102SVC13)
≪Antibacterial agent D≫
Silver behenate (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
(測定方法)
(1)抗菌性試験
試験方法:JIS Z 2801 : 2010
試験菌株:大腸菌 Escherichia coli NBRC 3972
試験菌株:黄色ブドウ球菌 Staphylococcus aureus NBRC 12732
(Measuring method)
(1) Antibacterial test Test method: JIS Z 2801: 2010
Test strain: Escherichia coli NBRC 3972
Test strain: Staphylococcus aureus NBRC 12732
実施例および比較例において得られた抗菌剤を含む樹脂成形体表面に、大腸菌および黄色ブドウ球菌をそれぞれ含む菌液を滴下し、その上からポリエチレン製フィルムを密着させ、温度35℃、湿度90%の条件下で24時間培養した。培養後、ポリエチレン製フィルムおよび試験片に付着している菌体をSCDLP培地で洗いだした液(VmL)を1mL取り、希釈(D倍希釈)した液1mLをシャーレに移して、SPC培地約20mLを加え、混合した。培地が固まった後、温度35℃、湿度90%の条件下で40〜48時間培養した後、大腸菌および黄色ブドウ球菌の生菌数をそれぞれカウントした。評価の基準は、ペレットを含まないポリプロピレン製樹脂成形体(以下、無加工樹脂成形体ともいう)を用いた。試験はそれぞれ3回行い、平均値を算出した。 A bacterial solution containing Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was dropped onto the surface of the resin molded product containing the antibacterial agent obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, and a polyethylene film was adhered thereto, and the temperature was 35 ° C. and the humidity was 90%. Was cultured for 24 hours under the conditions of. After culturing, take 1 mL of the solution (VmL) obtained by washing out the cells adhering to the polyethylene film and the test piece with SCDLP medium, transfer 1 mL of the diluted (D-fold diluted) solution to a petri dish, and transfer about 20 mL of SPC medium. Was added and mixed. After the medium had solidified, the cells were cultured for 40 to 48 hours under the conditions of a temperature of 35 ° C. and a humidity of 90%, and then the viable numbers of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were counted. As the evaluation standard, a polypropylene resin molded product containing no pellets (hereinafter, also referred to as an unprocessed resin molded product) was used. Each test was performed 3 times and the average value was calculated.
抗菌試験の評価は以下の方法により算出した。
N=(C×D×V)/ A
N:生菌数(試験片1cm2あたり)
C:集落数(採用した2枚のシャーレの集落数平均値)
D:希釈倍数(採用したシャーレに分注した希釈液の希釈倍率)
V:洗い出しに用いたSCDLP培地の液量(mL)
A:被覆フィルムの表面積(cm2)
ただし、Cが<1の場合はCを1として生菌数を算出する。
たとえば、V=10mL、A=16cm2、D=1の場合、N<0.63と表示する。
R=(Ut−U0)−(At−U0)=Ut−At
R :抗菌活性値
U0:無加工樹脂成形体の接種直後の生菌数の対数値の平均値
Ut:無加工樹脂成形体の24時間後の生菌数の対数値の平均値
At:実施例および比較例において得られた抗菌剤を含む樹脂成形体の24時間後の生菌数の対数値の平均値
抗菌活性評価:抗菌活性値Rが3.0以上を◎、2.0以上3.0未満を○、1.5以上2.0未満を△、1.5未満を×とした。
The evaluation of the antibacterial test was calculated by the following method.
N = (C × D × V) / A
N: Viable cell count (per 1 cm 2 test piece)
C: Number of settlements (average number of settlements of the two petri dishes adopted)
D: Dilution factor (dilution factor of the diluted solution dispensed into the adopted petri dish)
V: Liquid volume (mL) of SCDLP medium used for washing out
A: Surface area of coating film (cm 2 )
However, when C is <1, the viable cell count is calculated with C as 1.
For example, when V = 10 mL, A = 16 cm 2 , and D = 1, it is displayed as N <0.63.
R = (U t -U 0) - (A t -U 0) = U t -A t
R: antibacterial activity value U 0: No machining mean value of number of living bacteria logarithmic value immediately after inoculation of the resin molded body U t: mean A t logarithm of the number of viable bacteria after 24 hours of non-processed resin molding : Average value of logarithmic number of viable cells after 24 hours of resin molded product containing antibacterial agent obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples Antibacterial activity evaluation: Antibacterial activity value R of 3.0 or more ⊚, 2.0 More than 3.0 was evaluated as ◯, 1.5 or more and less than 2.0 was evaluated as Δ, and more than 1.5 was evaluated as ×.
(2)抗菌剤粒子の観察
樹脂成形体の表面を、走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)を用い、倍率を適宜設定して観察した。次の基準で判定を行った。
○:粒子径1μmを超える粒子が観測されなかった。
△:粒子径1μm超え5μm以下の粒子が観測された。
×:粒子径5μmを超える粒子が観測された。
(2) Observation of antibacterial agent particles The surface of the resin molded body was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at an appropriate magnification. Judgment was made according to the following criteria.
◯: No particles having a particle size exceeding 1 μm were observed.
Δ: Particles having a particle size of more than 1 μm and less than 5 μm were observed.
X: Particles having a particle size of more than 5 μm were observed.
(3)着色性の評価
樹脂成形体を分光測色計(形式CM−3600d(KONICA MINOLTA製)、色彩ソフトウェアCM−S100W Spectra Magic NXを用い、測定方法:反射、視野:10°、主光源:C光源、ジメオトリ:d/8、正反射光処理:SCI+SCE、測定径:LAV(25.4mm)、UV条件:100%の条件でb*を測定し、次の基準で判定を行った。
◎:b*が2未満
○:b*が2以上20未満
△:b*が20以上40未満
×:b*が40以上
(3) Evaluation of colorability The resin molded body was measured using a spectrophotometer (type CM-3600d (manufactured by KONICA MINOLTA), color software CM-S100W Spectra Magic NX, measurement method: reflection, field of view: 10 °, main light source: B * was measured under the conditions of C light source, dimeotri: d / 8, normal reflected light treatment: SCI + SCE, measurement diameter: LAV (25.4 mm), and UV condition: 100%, and the determination was made according to the following criteria.
⊚: b * is less than 2 ○: b * is 2 or more and less than 20 Δ: b * is 20 or more and less than 40 ×: b * is 40 or more
[実施例1]
(抗菌ペレットの作製)
抗菌剤A100gをメタノール150gに50℃にて溶解した。ポリプロピレン樹脂(株式会社プライムポリマー製、J105G)100質量部に対して、抗菌剤Aが11質量部配合されることとなるように、メタノールに溶解した抗菌剤Aと、200℃の温度で溶融したポリプロピレン樹脂とを二軸押出機(株式会社池貝社製、PCM−30)に供給し、溶融混練し、メタノールを気体の状態で除去することにより得たものをペレット化し、抗菌ペレットを得た。
[Example 1]
(Preparation of antibacterial pellets)
100 g of the antibacterial agent A was dissolved in 150 g of methanol at 50 ° C. Antibacterial agent A dissolved in methanol was melted at a temperature of 200 ° C. so that 11 parts by mass of antibacterial agent A was blended with 100 parts by mass of polypropylene resin (Prime Polymer Co., Ltd., J105G). The polypropylene resin was supplied to a twin-screw extruder (manufactured by Ikekai Co., Ltd., PCM-30), melt-kneaded, and pelletized by removing methanol in a gaseous state to obtain antibacterial pellets.
(樹脂成形体の作製)
得られた抗菌ペレットとポリプロピレン樹脂(株式会社プライムポリマー製、J105G)を表1に記載の比率にて混合し、射出成形機(日精樹脂工業(株)製UH−1000−110)を用いて射出成形し、樹脂成形体を得た。得られた樹脂成形体の表面を走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)を用い10000倍に拡大して観察したところ、粒子は観察されなかった。走査電子顕微鏡写真を図1に示す。また、得られた樹脂成形体について、抗菌性試験および着色性の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
(Preparation of resin molded product)
The obtained antibacterial pellets and polypropylene resin (manufactured by Prime Polymer Co., Ltd., J105G) are mixed at the ratios shown in Table 1 and injected using an injection molding machine (UH-1000-110 manufactured by Nissei Resin Industry Co., Ltd.). Molding was performed to obtain a resin molded product. When the surface of the obtained resin molded product was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at a magnification of 10000 times, no particles were observed. A scanning electron micrograph is shown in FIG. In addition, the obtained resin molded product was subjected to an antibacterial property test and an evaluation of colorability. The results are shown in Table 1.
[実施例2〜4]
樹脂成形体の抗菌ペレットとポリプロピレン樹脂との混合比を表1に示すように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして抗菌ペレットおよび樹脂成形体を得た。得られた各樹脂成形体について、抗菌性試験、走査電子顕微鏡にて表面の観察および着色性の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
[Examples 2 to 4]
Antibacterial pellets and resin molded products were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mixing ratio of the antibacterial pellets of the resin molded product and the polypropylene resin was changed as shown in Table 1. Each of the obtained resin molded products was subjected to an antibacterial property test, surface observation with a scanning electron microscope, and evaluation of colorability. The results are shown in Table 1.
[実施例5〜8]
抗菌剤の種類および樹脂成形体の抗菌ペレットとポリプロピレン樹脂との混合比を表1に示すように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして抗菌ペレットおよび樹脂成形体を得た。得られた各樹脂成形体の表面を走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)を用い10000倍に拡大して観察したところ、粒子は観察されなかった。実施例5の走査電子顕微鏡写真を図2に示す。また、得られた各樹脂成形体について、抗菌性試験および着色性の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
[実施例9〜10]
[Examples 5 to 8]
Antibacterial pellets and resin molded products were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the type of antibacterial agent and the mixing ratio of the antibacterial pellets of the resin molded product and the polypropylene resin were changed as shown in Table 1. When the surface of each of the obtained resin molded products was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at a magnification of 10000 times, no particles were observed. A scanning electron micrograph of Example 5 is shown in FIG. In addition, each of the obtained resin molded products was subjected to an antibacterial property test and an evaluation of colorability. The results are shown in Table 1.
[Examples 9 to 10]
(抗菌ペレットの作製)
抗菌剤Aの比率を表1に示すように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして抗菌ペレットを得た。
(Preparation of antibacterial pellets)
Antibacterial pellets were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ratio of the antibacterial agent A was changed as shown in Table 1.
(樹脂成形体の作製)
得られた抗菌ペレットの比率を表1に示すように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして樹脂成形体を得た。得られた各樹脂成形体の表面を走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)を用い10000倍に拡大して観察したところ、粒子は観察されなかった。また、得られた各樹脂成形体について、抗菌性試験および着色性の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
(Preparation of resin molded product)
A resin molded product was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ratio of the obtained antibacterial pellets was changed as shown in Table 1. When the surface of each of the obtained resin molded products was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at a magnification of 10000 times, no particles were observed. In addition, each of the obtained resin molded products was subjected to an antibacterial property test and an evaluation of colorability. The results are shown in Table 1.
[実施例11](参考例)
(抗菌ペレットの作製)
抗菌剤Aの比率を表1に示すように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして抗菌ペレットを得た。
[Example 11] (Reference example)
(Preparation of antibacterial pellets)
Antibacterial pellets were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ratio of the antibacterial agent A was changed as shown in Table 1.
(樹脂成形体の作製)
得られた抗菌ペレットを射出成形機(日精樹脂工業(株)製UH−1000−110)を用いて射出成形し、樹脂成形体を得た。得られた各樹脂成形体の表面を走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)を用い10000倍に拡大して観察したところ、粒子は観察されなかった。また、得られた樹脂成形体について、抗菌性試験および着色性の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
(Preparation of resin molded product)
The obtained antibacterial pellets were injection-molded using an injection molding machine (UH-1000-110 manufactured by Nissei Resin Industry Co., Ltd.) to obtain a resin molded product. When the surface of each of the obtained resin molded products was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at a magnification of 10000 times, no particles were observed. In addition, the obtained resin molded product was subjected to an antibacterial property test and an evaluation of colorability. The results are shown in Table 1.
[比較例1〜2]
表1に示す抗菌剤および割合でポリプロピレン樹脂と各抗菌剤とを二軸押出機(株式会社池貝社製、PCM−30)に供給し、溶融混練して抗菌ペレットを得た。得られた抗菌ペレットを用いて実施例1と同様にして樹脂成形体を得た。得られた各樹脂組成物の表面を走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)を用い3000倍に拡大して観察したところ、粒子径が5μmを超える粒子が観察された。また、得られた各樹脂成形体について、抗菌性試験および着色性の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
[Comparative Examples 1-2]
The polypropylene resin and each antibacterial agent were supplied to a twin-screw extruder (manufactured by Ikekai Co., Ltd., PCM-30) in proportions and the antibacterial agents shown in Table 1, and melt-kneaded to obtain antibacterial pellets. Using the obtained antibacterial pellets, a resin molded product was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. When the surface of each of the obtained resin compositions was observed at a magnification of 3000 times using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), particles having a particle size of more than 5 μm were observed. In addition, each of the obtained resin molded products was subjected to an antibacterial property test and an evaluation of colorability. The results are shown in Table 1.
[比較例3]
(樹脂成形体の作製)
抗菌剤(A)とポリプロピレン樹脂(株式会社プライムポリマー製、J105G)を表1に記載の比率にて混合し、射出成形機(日精樹脂工業(株)製UH−1000−110)を用いて射出成形し、樹脂成形体を得た。得られた樹脂成形体の表面を走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)を用い3000倍に拡大して観察したところ、粒子径5μmを超える粒子が観察された。走査電子顕微鏡写真を図3に示す。また、得られた樹脂成形体について、抗菌性試験および着色性の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
[Comparative Example 3]
(Preparation of resin molded product)
The antibacterial agent (A) and polypropylene resin (manufactured by Prime Polymer Co., Ltd., J105G) are mixed at the ratios shown in Table 1 and injected using an injection molding machine (UH-1000-110 manufactured by Nissei Resin Industry Co., Ltd.). Molding was performed to obtain a resin molded product. When the surface of the obtained resin molded body was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at a magnification of 3000 times, particles having a particle size of more than 5 μm were observed. A scanning electron micrograph is shown in FIG. In addition, the obtained resin molded product was subjected to an antibacterial property test and an evaluation of colorability. The results are shown in Table 1.
Claims (7)
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