JP6893149B2 - Gas turbine power generation system with exhaust damper and its control method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a gas turbine power generation system including an exhaust damper and a control method thereof.

A gas turbine power generation device using a gas turbine engine as a drive source is generally used as an emergency power generation device in which a commercial power source cannot be used due to an earthquake or a typhoon (for example, Patent Document 1).

The partition wall of the power generation device room in which the gas turbine power generation device as described above is installed is usually provided with an intake port and an exhaust port for performing intake and exhaust necessary for the operation of the gas turbine engine.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-275624

In an emergency such as an earthquake or typhoon, it is expected that a fire will occur inside the power generator room. In that case, in order to prevent the spread of fire from the intake / exhaust port to the outside, it is considered effective to provide a damper that opens and closes the intake / exhaust port so that the damper is closed in the event of a fire. However, if the exhaust damper for discharging the exhaust gas from the gas turbine engine is closed during the steady operation of the gas turbine engine, the high temperature exhaust gas is congested in the engine, which may cause an engine failure. Further, the same problem occurs when the exhaust damper is closed when the gas turbine engine is restarted.

An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust damper in a gas turbine power generation system in order to solve the above problems, and to control the opening and closing of the exhaust damper and the operation of the gas turbine engine so as to be appropriately linked with each other. The purpose is to improve the reliability of the entire turbine power generation system.

In order to achieve the above object, the gas turbine power generation system according to the first configuration of the present invention includes a gas turbine engine and a gas turbine power generation device having a generator driven by the gas turbine engine.
A power generation device room that houses the gas turbine power generation device and has an exhaust port for discharging the exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine engine to the outside.
An exhaust damper that is attached to the exhaust port of the power generation device room and operates so that the exhaust port can be opened and closed.
An abnormality detection device that detects an abnormal state that has occurred in the power generation device room, and
To be equipped.
Further, the control device that controls the operation of the gas turbine power generation system is when an abnormal state is detected by the abnormality detecting device and the rotation speed of the gas turbine engine is equal to or less than a predetermined value lower than the rated rotation speed. It has an exhaust damper control unit that closes the exhaust damper. Further, in the control method for controlling the operation of the gas turbine power generation system, when an abnormal state is detected by the abnormality detecting device and the rotation speed of the gas turbine engine is equal to or less than a predetermined value lower than the rated rotation speed. Close the exhaust damper.

According to this configuration, when an abnormality is detected during steady operation of the gas turbine engine, the exhaust damper is not closed immediately, but after the rotation speed of the gas turbine drops to a predetermined value, that is, the exhaust of the gas turbine. Since the exhaust damper is closed after the amount and temperature have decreased, it is possible to prevent the gas turbine engine from failing due to the retention of high temperature exhaust gas. Therefore, even when an abnormality such as a fire occurs, the gas turbine power generation system can be restarted while maintaining the conventional disaster prevention performance by appropriately linking the opening and closing of the exhaust damper and the operation of the gas turbine engine.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the predetermined value of the rotational speed may be a value used as a reference value for operation control of the gas turbine engine. As the reference value for the operation control of the gas turbine engine, for example, a reference value for opening and closing the main fuel valve of the gas turbine engine is used. According to this configuration, by also using the signal used for the conventional gas turbine control, it is possible to control the opening and closing of the exhaust damper while suppressing changes to the conventional system.

The gas turbine power generation system according to the second configuration of the present invention is
A gas turbine power generator including a gas turbine engine and a generator driven by the gas turbine engine, and a gas turbine power generator.
A power generation device room that houses the gas turbine power generation device and has an exhaust port for discharging the exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine engine to the outside of the power generation device room.
An exhaust damper that is attached to the exhaust port of the power generation device room and operates so that the exhaust port can be opened and closed.
A start interlock configured to regulate the start of the gas turbine engine,
To be equipped.
Further, the control device that controls the operation of the gas turbine power generation system has a start interlock control unit that releases the start interlock when it is determined that the exhaust damper is in the open state. Further, in the control method for controlling the operation of the gas turbine power generation system, the start interlock is released when it is determined that the exhaust damper is in the open state.

Specifically, for example, the gas turbine power generation system includes a plurality of open / close detectors for detecting the open / closed state of the exhaust damper, and the open state is opened from some of the open / close detectors among the plurality of open / close detectors. By receiving the signal, it may be determined that the exhaust damper is in the open state.

According to this configuration, it is possible to prevent the gas turbine engine from being accidentally restarted while the exhaust damper remains closed. Therefore, even when the gas turbine power generation device is restarted, the opening and closing of the exhaust damper and the operation of the gas turbine engine can be appropriately linked to improve the reliability of the entire system. The start-up interlock and start-up interlock control unit in the system may be combined with the gas turbine power generation system according to the first configuration.

As described above, according to the gas turbine power generation system and the control method thereof according to the present invention, in the gas turbine power generation system provided with the exhaust damper, the opening and closing of the exhaust damper and the operation of the gas turbine engine are controlled so as to be appropriately linked. By doing so, the reliability of the entire gas turbine power generation system can be improved.

It is the schematic which shows the gas turbine power generation system S which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the schematic structure of the gas turbine power generation system S of FIG. It is a flow chart which shows an example of the control method of the gas turbine power generation system S of FIG. It is a graph which shows an example of the rotation speed profile of the gas turbine engine in the gas turbine power generation system S of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the schematic structure of the gas turbine power generation system S which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows a part of FIG. 5 enlarged. It is a block diagram which shows the schematic structure of the gas turbine power generation system S which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a gas turbine power generation system S (hereinafter, simply referred to as “power generation system S”) according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The power generation system S includes a gas turbine power generation device 1, a power generation device room 3, an exhaust damper 5, an abnormality detection device 7, and a control device 9 (FIG. 2). The power generation system S is used as an emergency power source for which a commercial power source cannot be used due to, for example, an earthquake or a typhoon.

As shown in FIG. 2, the gas turbine power generation device 1 includes a gas turbine engine (hereinafter, simply referred to as “gas turbine”) 11 and a generator 13 driven by the gas turbine 11. The gas turbine 11 includes a compressor 15, a combustor 17, and a turbine 19 as main components. The air, which is the operating medium taken into the gas turbine 11, is compressed by the compressor 15 and sent to the combustor 17, and is burned after the compressed air and fuel are mixed in the combustor 17. The high-temperature combustion gas generated by the combustor 17 is sent to the turbine 19 to rotationally drive the turbine 19. The rotational power of the turbine 19 is output via the output rotary shaft 21. A generator 13 which is a load and a starter motor 22 for starting the gas turbine 11 are connected to the output rotating shaft 21 of the gas turbine 11 via a speed reducer (not shown). In the illustrated example, the starter motor 22 is provided separately from the generator 13, but the generator 13 may also be used as the starter motor.

As shown in FIG. 1, the gas turbine power generation device 1 is housed in the power generation device room 3. The "power generation device room" in the present specification refers to a wall defining an installation space R in which the gas turbine power generation device 1 is installed. The power generation device room 3 is formed as, for example, a section in a building in which the power generation system S is installed. The power generation device room 3 is configured to be hermetically sealed. The power generation device room 3 is provided with an exhaust port 23 for discharging the exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine 11 to the outside of the power generation device room 3. In the illustrated example, an exhaust port 23 is provided on one side wall 25 of the power generation device room 3, and an exhaust duct 27 of the gas turbine 11 is connected to the exhaust port 23. An exhaust silencer (not shown) may be interposed between the gas turbine 11 and the exhaust duct 27. Further, the location where the exhaust port 23 is provided in the power generation device room 3 is not limited to the side wall 25, and may be appropriately changed depending on the installation location and specifications of the gas turbine 11, the position of the power generation device room 3 in the building, and the like.

Further, in the illustrated example, in the power generation device room 3, the air supply port 29 for taking in the air introduced into the gas turbine 11 as the working medium and the cooling air from the outside and the air after cooling the inside of the gas turbine 11 are introduced. A ventilation port 31 for discharging to the outside is provided.

An exhaust damper 5 that operates to open and close the exhaust port 23 is attached to the exhaust port 23 of the power generation device room 3. Similarly, the air supply port 29 and the ventilation port 31 are also provided with an air supply damper 33 and a ventilation damper 35 that can be opened and closed, respectively.

The abnormality detection device 7 detects an abnormal state that has occurred in the power generation device room 3. The abnormality detection device 7 in the present embodiment is a fire detection device that detects the occurrence of a fire in the power generation device room 3, and is attached to the top surface 3a of the power generation device room 3 in the illustrated example.

The control device 9 controls the operation of the entire power generation system S. In the present embodiment, the control device 9 includes a gas turbine control unit 41 that controls the operation of the gas turbine power generation device 1, and an exhaust damper control unit 43 that controls the opening / closing operation of the exhaust damper 5.

Next, the control operation by the control device 9 in the power generation system S configured as described above, that is, the control method of the power generation system S will be described.

The gas turbine 11 shown in FIG. 2 is driven by a starter motor 22 at the time of starting, and is switched to independent operation when the rotation speed reaches a predetermined value under the control of the gas turbine control unit 41. The switching to the self-sustaining operation is performed by opening the main fuel valve 47 provided in the main fuel supply path 45 for supplying the main fuel to the combustor 17 when the rotation speed reaches a predetermined value. In the following description, the rotation speed value that serves as a reference for opening the main fuel valve 47 is referred to as a "main fuel valve opening reference value FV".

The exhaust damper control unit 43 of the control device 9 has a predetermined value (hereinafter, "damper closing reference value CV") in which an abnormal state is detected by the abnormality detection device 7 and the rotation speed of the gas turbine 11 is lower than the rated rotation speed RV. The exhaust damper 5 is closed in the following cases. The rotation speed of the gas turbine 11 is detected by a rotation sensor (not shown).

The flow of the following processes S0 to S3 is shown in FIG. The exhaust damper control unit 43 of FIG. 2 keeps the exhaust damper 5 in an open state in normal times regardless of whether the gas turbine 11 is stopped or in operation (S0 in FIG. 3). When the abnormality detection device 7 detects an abnormality in the power generation device room 3 (occurrence of a fire in this embodiment) (S1), the abnormality detection signal AS sends an abnormality detection signal AS to the control device 9. The abnormality detection signal AS is sent to the gas turbine control unit 41 and the exhaust damper control unit 43 of the control device 9, respectively. Upon receiving the abnormality detection signal AS, the gas turbine control unit 41 stops the fuel supply to the combustor 17 and shifts to the deceleration operation for stopping the gas turbine 11 (S2). After that, when the rotation speed of the gas turbine 11 drops to the damper closing reference value, the reference value detection signal SS is sent from the gas turbine control unit 41 to the exhaust damper control unit 43. The exhaust damper control unit 43 closes the exhaust damper 5 on condition that both the abnormality detection signal AS and the reference value detection signal SS are input (S3).

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, as the damper closing reference value CV, a value used as a reference value for operation control of the gas turbine 11, specifically, a main fuel valve opening reference value FV is used.

The main fuel valve opening reference value FV of the gas turbine 11 varies depending on the type, size, output, etc. of the gas turbine 11, but adopts a value larger than approximately 6% of the rated rotation speed, which is generally used as a stop signal. be able to. The main fuel valve opening reference value FV in this embodiment is about 20% of the rated rotation speed. If the rotation speed is reduced to this region, the temperature and the amount of exhaust gas of the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 11 are lowered to the extent that the gas turbine 11 is not adversely affected even if the exhaust damper 5 is closed. On the other hand, in the rated operating state of the gas turbine 11, when the main fuel supply valve 45 is urgently stopped in response to the abnormality detection signal AS, the time required to decrease from the rated rotation speed to the main fuel valve opening reference value FV is gas. It takes about several minutes, although it depends on the type, size, output, etc. of the turbine 11. This amount of time from abnormality detection to closing the exhaust damper 5 is acceptable for disaster prevention.

However, as the damper closing reference value CV, a value other than the main fuel valve opening reference value FV may be used. Even if the value is other than the main fuel valve opening reference value FV, when another value used as the reference value for the operation control of the gas turbine 11 is used, the signal conventionally used for the gas turbine control is also used. This makes it possible to control the opening and closing of the exhaust damper 5 while suppressing changes to the conventional system. Further, as the damper closing reference value CV, a value other than the value used as the reference value for the operation control of the gas turbine 11 may be newly set as a dedicated value for the damper closing reference. In this case, a more appropriate reference value can be set according to the specifications of the gas turbine 11.

The reference value detection signal SS is set as a signal to be output when the rotation speed of the gas turbine 11 is in a state of the damper closing reference value CV or less. Therefore, when the rotation speed of the gas turbine 11 is equal to or lower than the closed reference value CV at the time when the abnormality is detected, the reference value detection signal SS has already been input to the exhaust damper control unit 43, so that the abnormality detection signal AS Is input, the exhaust damper 5 is closed.

When the power generation system S includes the air supply damper 33 and the ventilation damper 35 shown in FIG. 1, the control device 9 also has a function of controlling these dampers, for example, immediately when an abnormality is detected. The dampers 33 and 35 other than the exhaust damper 5 may be controlled to be closed.

According to the power generation system S and its control method according to the present embodiment, when an abnormality is detected during steady operation of the gas turbine 11, the rotation speed of the gas turbine 11 is set to a predetermined value instead of immediately closing the exhaust damper 5. Since the exhaust damper 5 is closed after the gas turbine 11 has been lowered to, that is, after the amount and temperature of the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 11 have decreased, it is possible to prevent the gas turbine 11 engine from being damaged due to the retention of high temperature exhaust gas. Therefore, even when an abnormality such as a fire occurs, the power generation system S can be restarted while maintaining the conventional disaster prevention performance by appropriately linking the opening and closing of the exhaust damper 5 and the operation of the gas turbine 11.

Next, the gas turbine power generation system S according to the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 5 will be described. The power generation system S according to the present embodiment is common to the first embodiment in that it includes a gas turbine power generation device 1, a power generation device room 3, an exhaust damper 5, an abnormality detection device 7, and a control device 9, and the gas turbine 11 The first embodiment is provided in that the start interlock 51 is further configured to regulate the start of the start interlock 51, and the control device 9 has a start interlock control unit 53 that controls the operation of the start interlock 51. Different from the form. Hereinafter, the start interlock 51 and the start interlock control unit 53 will be mainly described, and the description of the points common to the first embodiment will be omitted.

The start interlock 51 in the present embodiment is configured as an electric circuit that prevents the starter motor 22 of the gas turbine 11 from starting. However, the starting interlock 51 is not limited to this example, and may be, for example, mechanically restricting the starting of the gas turbine 11. The start interlock control unit 53 releases the start interlock 51 when it determines that the exhaust damper 5 is in the open state.

As shown in FIG. 6, the exhaust damper 5 is provided with an open / close detector 55 for detecting the open / closed state of the exhaust damper 5, and a limit switch 57 for detecting that the rotation angle of the open / close rotation shaft 5a has reached a predetermined value. Is installed. The start interlock control unit 53 receives a signal from the open / close detector 55, determines the open / closed state of the exhaust damper 5, and if it determines that the exhaust damper 5 is in the closed state, the start interlock 51 is in the operating state. When it is determined that the exhaust damper 5 is in the open state, the start interlock 51 is released.

In this embodiment, a plurality of limit switches 57 (three in the illustrated example), which are open / close detectors 55, are provided. The start interlock control unit 53 determines that the exhaust damper 5 is in the open state when it receives an open state signal from two limit switches 57, which are a part of the three limit switches 57. In this way, by providing a plurality of open / close detectors 55 and determining the open state of the exhaust damper 5 from the signals from some of the open / close detectors 55, only one open / close detector 55 is provided, thereby outputting. Compared with the case where it is determined that the exhaust damper 5 is in the open state based on only one signal, the possibility of malfunction due to failure or disconnection of the open / close detector 55 can be significantly reduced. The open / close detector 55 is not limited to the limit switch 57, and an appropriate device capable of detecting the open / closed state of the exhaust damper 5 may be used.

When determining the open / closed state of the exhaust damper 5 by detecting the rotation angle of the open / close rotation shaft 5a of the exhaust damper 5, as in the present embodiment, the shape, dimensions, and gas of the exhaust port 23 in FIG. Considering the connection form between the exhaust duct 27 and the exhaust port 23 of the turbine 11, the rotation angle value that does not substantially hinder the exhaust of the exhaust gas from the exhaust duct 27 to the outside through the exhaust port 23 is set. , May be set as a threshold for determining the open state.

According to the power generation system S according to the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent the gas turbine 11 from being accidentally restarted while the exhaust damper 5 is still closed. Therefore, even when the gas turbine power generation device 1 is restarted, the opening / closing of the exhaust damper 5 and the operation of the gas turbine 11 engine can be appropriately linked to improve the reliability of the entire system.

As shown in FIG. 7 as the third embodiment, the exhaust damper control unit 43 of the abnormality detection device 7 and the control device 9 in the power generation system S of the second embodiment may be omitted. Also in this embodiment, it is possible to obtain the effect of preventing the gas turbine 11 from being accidentally restarted while the exhaust damper 5 is still closed.

As described above, the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to the drawings, but various additions, changes or deletions can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, such things are also included within the scope of the present invention.

1 Gas turbine power generation device 3 Power generation device room 5 Exhaust damper 7 Abnormality detection device 9 Control device 11 Gas turbine engine 13 Generator 23 Exhaust port 43 Exhaust damper control unit 51 Start interlock 53 Start interlock control unit CV damper closing reference value (Predetermined value)
S gas turbine power generation system

Claims (4)

A gas turbine power generator having a gas turbine engine and a generator driven by the gas turbine engine, and a gas turbine power generator.
A power generation device room that houses the gas turbine power generation device and has an exhaust port for discharging the exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine engine to the outside.
An exhaust damper that is attached to the exhaust port of the power generation device room and operates so that the exhaust port can be opened and closed.
An abnormality detection device that detects an abnormal state that has occurred in the power generation device room, and
It is a gas turbine power generation system equipped with
Further, it is equipped with a control device for controlling the operation of the gas turbine power generation system.
The control device has an exhaust damper control unit that closes the exhaust damper when an abnormal state is detected by the abnormality detection device and the rotation speed of the gas turbine engine is equal to or less than a predetermined value lower than the rated rotation speed. And
The predetermined value of the rotation speed is a reference value for operating control of the gas turbine engine, which is a value used as a reference value for opening and closing the main fuel valve of the gas turbine engine.
Gas turbine power generation system. In the gas turbine power generation system according to claim 1,
further,
It has a start interlock configured to regulate the start of the gas turbine engine.
The control device has a start interlock control unit that releases the start interlock when it is determined that the exhaust damper is in the open state.
Gas turbine power generation system. A gas turbine power generator including a gas turbine engine and a generator driven by the gas turbine engine, and a gas turbine power generator.
A power generation device room that houses the gas turbine power generation device and has an exhaust port for discharging the exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine engine to the outside.
An exhaust damper that is attached to the exhaust port of the power generation device room and operates so that the exhaust port can be opened and closed.
An abnormality detection device that detects an abnormal state that has occurred in the power generation device room, and
Is a method of controlling a gas turbine power generation system equipped with
Wherein the abnormality detection device detects the abnormal condition by, and saw including a closing said exhaust damper when the rotational speed of the gas turbine engine is below a predetermined value lower than the rated speed,
The predetermined value of the rotation speed is a reference value for operating control of the gas turbine engine, which is a value used as a reference value for opening and closing the main fuel valve of the gas turbine engine.
How to control a gas turbine power generation system. In the control method according to claim 3,
The gas turbine power generation system further
A start interlock that prevents the start of the gas turbine engine and
With
Including releasing the start interlock when it is determined that the exhaust damper is in the open state.
How to control a gas turbine power generation system.

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